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1 *version7.txt* For Vim version 7.0aa. Last change: 2004 Dec 09
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2
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3
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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5
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6
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7 Welcome to Vim 7! A large number of features has been added. This file
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8 mentions all the new items, changes to existing features and bug fixes
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9 compared to Vim 6.x.
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10
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11 See |vi_diff.txt| for an overview of differences between Vi and Vim 7.0.
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12 See |version4.txt| for differences between Vim 3.x and Vim 4.x.
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13 See |version5.txt| for differences between Vim 4.x and Vim 5.x.
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14 See |version6.txt| for differences between Vim 5.x and Vim 6.x.
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15
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16 INCOMPATIBLE CHANGES |incompatible-7|
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17
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18 NEW FEATURES |new-7|
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19
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20 New data types |new-data-types|
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21 KDE support |new-KDE|
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22 Translated manual pages |new-manpage-trans|
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23 Various new items |new-items-7|
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24
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25 IMPROVEMENTS |improvements-7|
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26
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27 COMPILE TIME CHANGES |compile-changes-7|
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28
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29 BUG FIXES |bug-fixes-7|
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30
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31 ==============================================================================
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32 INCOMPATIBLE CHANGES *incompatible-7*
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33
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34 These changes are incompatible with previous releases. Check this list if you
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35 run into a problem when upgrading from Vim 6.x to 7.0
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36
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10
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37 ":helpgrep" now uses a help window to display a match.
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38
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39
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40 Minor incompatibilities:
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41
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42 For filetype detection: For many types, instead of ~/.dir/filename use
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43 */.dir/filename, so that it also works for other user's files.
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44
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45 ":0verbose" now sets 'verbose' to zero instead of one.
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46
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47 Removed the old and incomplete "VimBuddy" code.
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48
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49 Buffers without a name report "No Name" instead of "No File". It was
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50 confusing for buffers with a name and 'buftype' set to "nofile".
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51
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29
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52 When ":file xxx" is used in a buffer without a name, the alternate file name
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53 isn't set. This avoids creating buffers without a name that are not useful.
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54
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55 The "2html.vim" script now converts closed folds to HTML. This means the HTML
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56 looks like its displayed, with the same folds open and closed. Use "zR" if no
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57 folds should appear in the HTML. (partly by Carl Osterwisch)
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58 Diff mode now is also converted as it is displayed.
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59
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60 Win32: The effect of the <F10> key depended on 'winaltkeys'. Now it depends
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61 on whether <F10> has been mapped or not. This allows mapping <F10> without
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62 changing 'winaltkeys'.
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63
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7
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64 ==============================================================================
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65 NEW FEATURES *new-7*
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66
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67 New data types *new-data-types*
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68 --------------
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69
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70 In Vim scripts the following types have been added:
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71
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72 list ordered list of items
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73 dictionary associative array of items
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74 function reference to a function
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75
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76 Many functions and commands have been added to support the new types.
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77
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78 NOT IMPLEMENTED YET!
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79
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80
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81 KDE support *new-KDE*
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82 -----------
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83
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84 Kvim is the KDE version of Vim. It uses the Qt toolkit. See |KVim|.
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85 (Thomas Capricelli, Philippe Fremy, Mickael Marchand, Mark Westcott, et al.)
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86
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87
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88 MzScheme interface *new-MzScheme*
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89 ------------------
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90
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91 The MzScheme interpreter is supported. |MzScheme|
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92 The |:mzscheme| command can be used to execute MzScheme commands.
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93 The |:mzfile| command can be used to execute an MzScheme script file.
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94
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95 Printing multi-byte text *new-print-multi-byte*
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96 ------------------
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97
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98 The |:hardcopy| command now supports printing multi-byte characters.
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99 The 'printmbcharset' and 'printmbfont' options are used for this.
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100 Also see |postscript-cjk-printing|. (Mike Williams)
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101
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102
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103 Translated manual pages *new-manpage-trans*
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104 -----------------------
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105
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106 The manual page of Vim and associated programs is now also available in
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107 Italian (translated by Antonio Colombo). More languages will follow.
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108
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109
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110 Various new items *new-items-7*
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111 -----------------
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112
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113 Normal mode commands: ~
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114
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115 a", a' and a` New text objects to select quoted strings. |a'|
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116 i", i' and i' (Taro Muraoka)
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117
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118 Options: ~
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119
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120 'completefunc' The name of a function used for user-specified Insert
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121 mode completion. CTRL-X CTRL-U can be used in Insert
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122 mode to do any kind of completion. (Taro Muraoka)
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123 'quoteescape' Characters used to escape quotes inside a string.
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124 Used for the a", a' and a` text objects. |a'|
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125 'numberwidth' Minimal width of the space used for the 'number'
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126 option. (Emmanuel Renieris)
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127 'mzquantum' Time in msec to schedule MzScheme threads.
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128 'printmbcharset' CJK character set to be used for :hardcopy
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129 'printmbfont' font names to be used for CJK output of :hardcopy
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130 'fsync' Whether fsync() is called after writing a file.
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131 (Ciaran McCreesh)
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132
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133
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134 Ex commands: ~
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135
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136 Win32: The ":winpos" command now also works in the console. (Vipin Aravind)
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137
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138 |:startreplace| Start Replace mode. (Charles Campbell)
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139
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140 |:0file| Removes the name of the buffer. (Charles Campbell)
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141
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142 |:diffoff| Switch off diff mode in the current window or in all
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143 windows.
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144
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145 |:keepalt| Do not change the alternate file.
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146
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24
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147 |:delmarks| Delete marks.
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148
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149 |:sandbox| Command modifier: execute the argument in the sandbox.
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150
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151
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152 New functions: ~
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153
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154 browsedir(title, init) |browsedir()| Dialog to select a directory.
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155 byteidx(expr, nr) |byteidx()| Index of a character. (Ilya Sher)
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156 finddir(name) |finddir()| Find a directory in 'path'.
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157 findfile(name) |findfile()| Find a file in 'path'. (Johannes
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158 Zellner)
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159 foldtextresult(lnum) |foldtextresult()| The text displayed for a closed
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160 fold at line "lnum".
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161 getfperm(fname) |getfperm()| Get file permission string. (Nikolai
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162 Weibull)
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163 getftype(fname) |getftype()| Get type of file. (Nikolai Weibull)
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164 repeat(expr, count) |repeat()| Repeat "expr" "count" times.
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165 (Christophe Poucet)
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166 tr(expr, from, to) |tr()| Translate characters. (Ron Aaron)
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167 system(cmd, input) |system()| Filters {input} through a shell
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168 command.
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169
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170
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171 New autocommand events: ~
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172
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173 |InsertEnter| starting Insert or Replace mode
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174 |InsertChange| going from Insert to Replace mode or back
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175 |InsertLeave| leaving Insert or Replace mode
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176
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177 |ColorScheme| after loading a color scheme
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178
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179
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180 New items in search patterns: ~
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181 |/\%d| \%d123 search for character with decimal number
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182 |/\]| [\d123] idem, in a colletion
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183 |/\%o| \%o103 search for character with octal number
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184 |/\]| [\o1o3] idem, in a colletion
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185 |/\%x| \%x1a search for character with 2 pos. hex number
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186 |/\]| [\x1a] idem, in a colletion
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187 |/\%u| \%u12ab search for character with 4 pos. hex number
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188 |/\]| [\u12ab] idem, in a colletion
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189 |/\%U| \%U1234abcd search for character with 8 pos. hex number
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190 |/\]| [\U1234abcd] idem, in a colletion
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191 (The above partly by Ciaran McCreesh)
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192
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193
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12
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194 New Syntax/Indent/FTplugin files: ~
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195
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196 MuPAD source syntax, indent and ftplugin. (Dave Silvia)
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197
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198 ABAB/4 syntax file. (Marius van Wyk)
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199
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200 SQL-Informix syntax file. (Dean L Hill)
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201
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202 PHP compiler plugin. (Doug Kearns)
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203
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204 Sive syntax file. (Nikolai Weibull)
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205
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206
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207 New Keymaps: ~
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208
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209 Sinhala (Sri Lanka) (Harshula Jayasuriya)
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210
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211
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212 New message translations: ~
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213
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214 The Ukranian messages are now also available in cp1251.
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215
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216
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217 Others: ~
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218
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219 Mac: Add the selection type to the clipboard, so that Block, line and
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220 character selections can be used between two Vims. (Eckehard Berns)
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221 Also fixes the problem that setting 'clipboard' to "unnamed" breaks using
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222 "yyp".
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223
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224 Mac: GUI font selector. (Peter "Rain Dog" Cucka)
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225
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226 The netrw plugin now also supports viewing a directory, when "scp://" is used.
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227 Deleting and renaming files is possible. (Charles Campbell)
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228
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229 Added the t_SI and t_EI escape sequences for starting and ending Insert mode.
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230 To be used to set the cursor shape to a bar or a block. No default values,
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231 they are not supported by termcap/terminfo.
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232
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233 ==============================================================================
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234 IMPROVEMENTS *improvements-7*
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235
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236 ":helpgrep" accepts a language specifier after the pattern: "pat@it".
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237
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238 Move the help for printing to a separate help file. It's quite a lot now.
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239
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240 ":breakadd here" and ":breakdel here" can be used to set or delete a
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241 breakpoint at the cursor.
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242
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243 The tutor was updated to make it simpler to use and added text to explain a
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244 few more important commands. Used ideas from Gabriel Zachmann.
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245
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246 Unix: When libcall() fails obtain an error message with dlerror() and display
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247 it. (Johannes Zellner)
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248
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249 Added "nbsp" in 'listchars'. (David Blanchet)
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250
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251 Added the "acwrite" value for the 'buftype' option. This is for a buffer that
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252 doesn not have a name that refers to a file and is written with BufWriteCmd
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253 autocommands.
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254
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255 For lisp indenting and matching parenthesis: (Sergey Khorev)
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256 - square brackets are recognized properly
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257 - #\(, #\), #\[ and #\] are recognized as character literals
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258 - Lisp line comments (delimited by semicolon) are recognized
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259
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260 Added the "count" argument to match(), matchend() and matchstr(). (Ilya Sher)
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261
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262 winnr() takes an optional "$" and "#" arguments. (Nikolai Weibull, Yegappan
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263 Lakshmanan)
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264
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265 Added 'n' flag to search(): don't move the cursor. (Nikolai Weibull)
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266
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267 When uncompressing fails in the gzip plugin, give an error message but don't
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268 delete the raw text. Helps if the file has a .gz extension but is not
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269 actually compressed. (Andrew Pimlott)
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270
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271 When C, C++ or IDL syntax is used, may additionally load doxygen syntax.
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272 Also support setting the filetype to "cdoxygen" for C plus doxygen syntax.
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273 (Michael Geddes)
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274
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275 The ":registers" command now displays multi-byte characters properly.
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276
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277 VMS: In the usage message mention that a slash can be used to make a flag
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278 upper case. Add color support to the builtin vt320 terminal codes.
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279 (Zoltan Arpadffy)
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280
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281 For the '%' item in 'viminfo', allow a number to set a maximum for the number
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282 of buffers.
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283
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284 When a file looks like a shell script, check for an "exec" command that starts
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285 the tcl interpreter. (suggested by Alexios Zavras)
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286
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287 Support conversion between utf-8 and latin9 (iso-8859-15) internally, so that
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288 digraphs still work when iconv is not available.
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289
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290 When a session file is loaded while editing an unnamed, empty buffer that
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291 buffer is wiped out. Avoids that there is an unused buffer in the buffer
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292 list.
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293
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294 Win32: When libintl.dll supports bind_textdomain_codeset(), use it.
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295 (NAKADAIRA Yukihiro)
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296
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297 When foldtext() finds no text after removing the comment leader, use the
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298 second line of the fold. Helps for C-style /* */ comments where the first
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299 line is just "/*".
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300
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301 ==============================================================================
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302 COMPILE TIME CHANGES *compile-changes-7*
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303
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304 Mac: "make" now creates the Vim.app directory and "make install" copies it to
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305 its final destination. (Raf)
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306
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307 Mac: Made it possible to compile with Motif, Athena or GTK without tricks and
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308 still being able to use the MacRoman conversion. Added the os_mac_conv.c
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309 file.
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7
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310
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311 ==============================================================================
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312 BUG FIXES *bug-fixes-7*
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313
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314 When using PostScript printing on MS-DOS the default 'printexpr' used "lpr"
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315 instead of "copy". When 'printdevice' was empty the copy command did not
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316 work. Use "LPT1" then.
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317
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318 The GTK font dialog uses a font size zero when the font name doesn't include a
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319 size. Use a default size of 10.
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320
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321 This example in the documentation didn't work:
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322 :e `=foo . ".c" `
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323 Skip over the expression in `=expr` when looking for comments, |, % and #.
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324
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325 When ":helpgrep" doesn't find anything there is no error message.
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326
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327 "L" and "H" did not take closed folds into account.
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328
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329 Win32: The "-P title" argument stopped at the first title that matched, even
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330 when it doesn't support MDI.
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331
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332 Mac GUI: CTRL-^ and CTRL-@ did not work.
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333
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334 "2daw" on "word." at the end of a line didn't include the preceding white
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335 space.
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336
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337 Win32: Using FindExecutable() doesn't work to find a program. Use
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338 SearchPath() instead. For executable() use $PATHEXT when the program searched
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339 for doesn't have an extension.
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340
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341 When 'virtualedit' is set, moving the cursor up after appending a character
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342 may move it to a different column. Was caused by auto-formatting moving the
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343 cursor and not putting it back where it was.
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344
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345 When indent was added automatically and then moving the cursor, the indent was
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346 not deleted (like when pressing ESC). The "I" flag in 'cpoptions' can be used
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347 to make it work the old way.
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348
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349 When opening a command-line window, 'textwidth' gets set to 78 by the Vim
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350 filetype plugin. Reset 'textwidth' to 0 to avoid lines are broken.
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351
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352 After using cursor(line, col) moving up/down doesn't keep the same column.
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353
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354 Win32: Borland C before 5.5 requires using ".u." for LowPart and HighPart
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355 fields. (Walter Briscoe)
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356
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11
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357 On Sinix SYS_NMLN isn't always defined. Define it ourselves. (Cristiano De
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358 Michele)
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359
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14
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360 Printing with PostScript may keep the printer waiting for more. Append a
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361 CTRL-D to the printer output. (Mike Williams)
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362
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16
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363 When converting a string with a hex or octal number the leading '-' was
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364 ignored. ":echo '-05' + 0" resulted in 5 instead of -5.
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365
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366 Using "@:" to repeat a command line didn't work when it contains control
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367 characters.
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368
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369 When using file completion for a user command, it would not expand environment
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370 variables like for a regular command with a file argument.
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371
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372 'cindent': When the argument of a #define looks like a C++ class the next line
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373 is indented too much.
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374
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375 When 'comments' includes multi-byte characters inserting the middle part and
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376 alignment may go wrong. 'cindent' also suffers from this for right-aligned
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377 items.
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378
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379 The default for 'helplang' was "zh" for both "zh_cn" and "zh_tw". Now use
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380 "cn" or "tw" as intended.
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381
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382 When 'bin' is set and 'eol' is not set then line2byte() added the line break
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383 after the last line while it's not there.
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384
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385 Using foldlevel() in a WinEnter autocommand may not work. Noticed when
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386 resizing the GUI shell upon startup.
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387
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388 Python: Using buffer.append(f.readlines()) didn't work. Allow appending a
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389 string with a trailing newline. The newline is ignored.
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390
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21
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391 When using the ":saveas f2" command for buffer "f1", the Buffers menu would
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392 contain "f2" twice, one of them leading to "f1". Also trigger the BufFilePre
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393 and BufFilePost events for the alternate buffer that gets the old name.
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394
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22
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395 strridx() did not work well when the needle is empty. (Ciaran McCreesh)
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396
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397 GTK: Avoid a potential hang in gui_mch_wait_for_chars() when input arrives
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398 just before it is invoked
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399
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400 VMS: Occasionally CR characters were inserted in the file. Expansion of
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401 environment variables was not correct. (Zoltan Arpadffy)
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402
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403 UTF-8: When 'delcombine' is set "dw" only deleted the last combining character
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404 from the first character of the word.
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405
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406 When using ":sball" in an autocommand only the filetype in one buffer was
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407 detected. Reset did_filetype in enter_buffer().
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408
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409 When using ":argdo" and the window already was at the first argument index,
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410 but not actually editing it, the current buffer would be used instead.
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411
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23
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412 When ":next dir/*" includes many matches, adding the names to the argument
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413 list may take an awful lot of time and can't be interrupted. Allow
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414 interrupting this.
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415
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416 When editing a file that was already loaded in a buffer, modelines were not
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417 used. Now window-local options in the modeline are set. Buffer-local options
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418 and global options remain unmodified.
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419
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420 Win32: When 'encoding' is set to "utf-8" in the vimrc file, files from the
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421 command line with non-ASCII characters are not used correctly. Recode the
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422 file names when 'encoding' is set, using the Unicode command line.
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423
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24
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424 Win32 console: When the default for 'encoding' ends up to be "latin1", the
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425 default value of 'isprint' was wrong.
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426
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427 When an error message is given while waiting for a character (e.g., when an
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428 xterm reports the number of colors), the hit-enter prompt overwrote the last
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429 line. Don't reset msg_didout in normal_cmd() for K_IGNORE.
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430
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26
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431 Mac GUI: Shift-Tab didn't work.
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432
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433 When defining tooltip text, don't translate terminal codes, since it's not
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434 going to be used like a command.
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435
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436 GTK 2: Check the tooltip text for valid utf-8 characters to avoid getting a
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437 GTK error. Invalid characters may appear when 'encoding' is changed.
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438
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439 GTK 2: Add a safety check for invalid utf-8 sequences, they can crash pango.
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440
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441 Win32: When 'encoding' is changed while starting up, use the Unicode command
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442 line to convert the file arguments to 'encoding'. Both for the GUI and the
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443 console version.
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444
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445 Win32 GUI: latin9 text (iso-8859-15) was not displayed correctly, because
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446 there is no codepage for latin9. Do our own conversion from latin9 to UCS2.
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447
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29
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448 When two versions of GTK+ 2 are installed it was possible to use the header
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449 files from one and the library from the other. Use GTK_LIBDIR to put the
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450 directory for the library early in the link flags.
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451
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452 With the GUI find/replace dialog a replace only worked if the pattern was
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453 literal text. Now it works for any pattern.
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454
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36
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455 When 'equalalways' is set and 'eadirection' is "hor", ":quit" would still
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456 cause equalizing window heights in the vertical direction.
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457
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458 When ":emenu" is used in a startup script the command was put in the typeahead
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459 buffer, causing a prompt for the crypt key to be messed up.
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460
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461 Mac OS/X: The default for 'isprint' included characters 128-160, causes
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462 problems for Terminal.app.
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463
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464 When a syntax item with "containedin" is used, it may match in the start or
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465 end of a region with a matchgroup, while this doesn't happen for a "contains"
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466 argument.
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467
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468 When a transparent syntax items matches in another item where the highlighting
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469 has already stopped (because of a he= argument), the highlighting would come
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470 back.
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471
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472 When cscope is used to set the quickfix error list, it didn't get set if there
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473 was only one match. (Sergey Khorev)
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474
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475 When 'confirm' is set and using ":bdel" in a modified buffer, then selecting
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476 "cancel", would still give an error message.
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477
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478 The PopUp menu items that started Visual mode didn't work when not in Normal
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479 mode. Switching between selecting a word and a line was not possible.
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480
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481 Win32: The keypad decimal point always resulted in a '.', while on some
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482 keyboards it's a ','. Use MapVirtualKey(VK_DECIMAL, 2).
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483
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484 Removed unused function DisplayCompStringOpaque() from gui_w32.c
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485
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486 In Visual mode there is not always an indication whether the line break is
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487 selected or not. Highlight the character after the line when the line break
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488 is included, e.g., after "v$o".
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489
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490 GTK: The <F10> key can't be mapped, it selects the menu. Disable that with a
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491 GTK setting and do select the menu when <F10> isn't mapped. (David Necas)
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492
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493 After "Y" '[ and '] were not at start/end of the yanked text.
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494
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495 When a telnet connection is dropped Vim preserves files and exits. While
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496 doing that a SIGHUP may arrive and disturbe us, thus ignore it. (Scott
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497 Anderson) Also postpone SIGHUP until it's safe to handle. Added
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498 handle_sighup().
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499
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7
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500 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
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