Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/insert.txt @ 2625:0aa21d63aba0
Updated runtile files.
| author | Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 27 Oct 2010 18:34:44 +0200 |
| parents | fae782ef63dd |
| children | 840c3cadb842 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 2625 | 1 *insert.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2010 Oct 27 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 *Insert* *Insert-mode* | |
| 8 Inserting and replacing text *mode-ins-repl* | |
| 9 | |
| 10 Most of this file is about Insert and Replace mode. At the end are a few | |
| 11 commands for inserting text in other ways. | |
| 12 | |
| 13 An overview of the most often used commands can be found in chapter 24 of the | |
| 14 user manual |usr_24.txt|. | |
| 15 | |
| 16 1. Special keys |ins-special-keys| | |
| 17 2. Special special keys |ins-special-special| | |
| 18 3. 'textwidth' and 'wrapmargin' options |ins-textwidth| | |
| 19 4. 'expandtab', 'smarttab' and 'softtabstop' options |ins-expandtab| | |
| 20 5. Replace mode |Replace-mode| | |
| 21 6. Virtual Replace mode |Virtual-Replace-mode| | |
| 22 7. Insert mode completion |ins-completion| | |
| 23 8. Insert mode commands |inserting| | |
| 24 9. Ex insert commands |inserting-ex| | |
| 25 10. Inserting a file |inserting-file| | |
| 26 | |
| 27 Also see 'virtualedit', for moving the cursor to positions where there is no | |
| 28 character. Useful for editing a table. | |
| 29 | |
| 30 ============================================================================== | |
| 31 1. Special keys *ins-special-keys* | |
| 32 | |
| 33 In Insert and Replace mode, the following characters have a special meaning; | |
| 34 other characters are inserted directly. To insert one of these special | |
| 35 characters into the buffer, precede it with CTRL-V. To insert a <Nul> | |
| 36 character use "CTRL-V CTRL-@" or "CTRL-V 000". On some systems, you have to | |
| 37 use "CTRL-V 003" to insert a CTRL-C. Note: When CTRL-V is mapped you can | |
| 38 often use CTRL-Q instead |i_CTRL-Q|. | |
| 39 | |
| 40 If you are working in a special language mode when inserting text, see the | |
| 41 'langmap' option, |'langmap'|, on how to avoid switching this mode on and off | |
| 42 all the time. | |
| 43 | |
| 44 If you have 'insertmode' set, <Esc> and a few other keys get another meaning. | |
| 45 See |'insertmode'|. | |
| 46 | |
| 47 char action ~ | |
| 48 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 49 *i_CTRL-[* *i_<Esc>* | |
| 50 <Esc> or CTRL-[ End insert or Replace mode, go back to Normal mode. Finish | |
| 51 abbreviation. | |
| 52 Note: If your <Esc> key is hard to hit on your keyboard, train | |
| 53 yourself to use CTRL-[. | |
| 54 *i_CTRL-C* | |
| 55 CTRL-C Quit insert mode, go back to Normal mode. Do not check for | |
| 140 | 56 abbreviations. Does not trigger the |InsertLeave| autocommand |
| 57 event. | |
| 7 | 58 |
| 59 *i_CTRL-@* | |
| 60 CTRL-@ Insert previously inserted text and stop insert. {Vi: only | |
| 61 when typed as first char, only up to 128 chars} | |
| 62 *i_CTRL-A* | |
| 63 CTRL-A Insert previously inserted text. {not in Vi} | |
| 64 | |
| 65 *i_CTRL-H* *i_<BS>* *i_BS* | |
| 66 <BS> or CTRL-H Delete the character before the cursor (see |i_backspacing| | |
| 67 about joining lines). | |
| 68 See |:fixdel| if your <BS> key does not do what you want. | |
| 69 {Vi: does not delete autoindents} | |
| 70 *i_<Del>* *i_DEL* | |
| 71 <Del> Delete the character under the cursor. If the cursor is at | |
| 72 the end of the line, and the 'backspace' option includes | |
| 73 "eol", delete the <EOL>; the next line is appended after the | |
| 74 current one. | |
| 75 See |:fixdel| if your <Del> key does not do what you want. | |
| 76 {not in Vi} | |
| 77 *i_CTRL-W* | |
| 78 CTRL-W Delete the word before the cursor (see |i_backspacing| about | |
| 79 joining lines). See the section "word motions", | |
| 80 |word-motions|, for the definition of a word. | |
| 81 *i_CTRL-U* | |
| 82 CTRL-U Delete all entered characters in the current line (see | |
| 83 |i_backspacing| about joining lines). | |
| 84 | |
| 85 *i_CTRL-I* *i_<Tab>* *i_Tab* | |
| 86 <Tab> or CTRL-I Insert a tab. If the 'expandtab' option is on, the | |
| 87 equivalent number of spaces is inserted (use CTRL-V <Tab> to | |
| 88 avoid the expansion; use CTRL-Q <Tab> if CTRL-V is mapped | |
| 89 |i_CTRL-Q|). See also the 'smarttab' option and | |
| 90 |ins-expandtab|. | |
| 91 *i_CTRL-J* *i_<NL>* | |
| 92 <NL> or CTRL-J Begin new line. | |
| 93 *i_CTRL-M* *i_<CR>* | |
| 94 <CR> or CTRL-M Begin new line. | |
| 95 *i_CTRL-K* | |
| 96 CTRL-K {char1} [char2] | |
| 97 Enter digraph (see |digraphs|). When {char1} is a special | |
| 98 key, the code for that key is inserted in <> form. For | |
| 99 example, the string "<S-Space>" can be entered by typing | |
| 100 <C-K><S-Space> (two keys). Neither char is considered for | |
| 101 mapping. {not in Vi} | |
| 102 | |
| 103 CTRL-N Find next keyword (see |i_CTRL-N|). {not in Vi} | |
| 104 CTRL-P Find previous keyword (see |i_CTRL-P|). {not in Vi} | |
| 105 | |
| 106 CTRL-R {0-9a-z"%#*+:.-=} *i_CTRL-R* | |
| 107 Insert the contents of a register. Between typing CTRL-R and | |
| 108 the second character, '"' will be displayed to indicate that | |
| 109 you are expected to enter the name of a register. | |
| 110 The text is inserted as if you typed it, but mappings and | |
| 111 abbreviations are not used. If you have options like | |
| 112 'textwidth', 'formatoptions', or 'autoindent' set, this will | |
| 113 influence what will be inserted. This is different from what | |
| 114 happens with the "p" command and pasting with the mouse. | |
| 115 Special registers: | |
| 116 '"' the unnamed register, containing the text of | |
| 117 the last delete or yank | |
| 118 '%' the current file name | |
| 119 '#' the alternate file name | |
| 120 '*' the clipboard contents (X11: primary selection) | |
| 121 '+' the clipboard contents | |
| 122 '/' the last search pattern | |
| 123 ':' the last command-line | |
| 124 '.' the last inserted text | |
| 125 '-' the last small (less than a line) delete | |
|
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126 *i_CTRL-R_=* |
| 7 | 127 '=' the expression register: you are prompted to |
| 128 enter an expression (see |expression|) | |
| 36 | 129 Note that 0x80 (128 decimal) is used for |
| 667 | 130 special keys. E.g., you can use this to move |
| 131 the cursor up: | |
| 132 CTRL-R ="\<Up>" | |
| 133 Use CTRL-R CTRL-R to insert text literally. | |
| 714 | 134 When the result is a |List| the items are used |
| 135 as lines. They can have line breaks inside | |
| 136 too. | |
|
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137 When the result is a Float it's automatically |
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138 converted to a String. |
| 7 | 139 See |registers| about registers. {not in Vi} |
| 140 | |
| 141 CTRL-R CTRL-R {0-9a-z"%#*+/:.-=} *i_CTRL-R_CTRL-R* | |
| 142 Insert the contents of a register. Works like using a single | |
| 143 CTRL-R, but the text is inserted literally, not as if typed. | |
| 144 This differs when the register contains characters like <BS>. | |
| 145 Example, where register a contains "ab^Hc": > | |
| 146 CTRL-R a results in "ac". | |
| 147 CTRL-R CTRL-R a results in "ab^Hc". | |
| 148 < Options 'textwidth', 'formatoptions', etc. still apply. If | |
| 149 you also want to avoid these, use "<C-R><C-O>r", see below. | |
| 150 The '.' register (last inserted text) is still inserted as | |
| 151 typed. {not in Vi} | |
| 152 | |
| 153 CTRL-R CTRL-O {0-9a-z"%#*+/:.-=} *i_CTRL-R_CTRL-O* | |
| 154 Insert the contents of a register literally and don't | |
| 155 auto-indent. Does the same as pasting with the mouse | |
| 156 |<MiddleMouse>|. | |
| 157 Does not replace characters! | |
| 158 The '.' register (last inserted text) is still inserted as | |
| 159 typed. {not in Vi} | |
| 160 | |
| 161 CTRL-R CTRL-P {0-9a-z"%#*+/:.-=} *i_CTRL-R_CTRL-P* | |
| 162 Insert the contents of a register literally and fix the | |
| 163 indent, like |[<MiddleMouse>|. | |
| 164 Does not replace characters! | |
| 165 The '.' register (last inserted text) is still inserted as | |
| 166 typed. {not in Vi} | |
| 167 | |
| 168 *i_CTRL-T* | |
| 169 CTRL-T Insert one shiftwidth of indent at the start of the current | |
| 170 line. The indent is always rounded to a 'shiftwidth' (this is | |
| 171 vi compatible). {Vi: only when in indent} | |
| 172 *i_CTRL-D* | |
| 173 CTRL-D Delete one shiftwidth of indent at the start of the current | |
| 174 line. The indent is always rounded to a 'shiftwidth' (this is | |
| 175 vi compatible). {Vi: CTRL-D works only when used after | |
| 176 autoindent} | |
| 177 *i_0_CTRL-D* | |
| 178 0 CTRL-D Delete all indent in the current line. {Vi: CTRL-D works | |
| 179 only when used after autoindent} | |
| 180 *i_^_CTRL-D* | |
| 181 ^ CTRL-D Delete all indent in the current line. The indent is | |
| 182 restored in the next line. This is useful when inserting a | |
| 183 label. {Vi: CTRL-D works only when used after autoindent} | |
| 184 | |
| 185 *i_CTRL-V* | |
| 186 CTRL-V Insert next non-digit literally. For special keys, the | |
| 187 terminal code is inserted. It's also possible to enter the | |
| 188 decimal, octal or hexadecimal value of a character | |
| 189 |i_CTRL-V_digit|. | |
| 190 The characters typed right after CTRL-V are not considered for | |
| 191 mapping. {Vi: no decimal byte entry} | |
| 192 Note: When CTRL-V is mapped (e.g., to paste text) you can | |
| 193 often use CTRL-Q instead |i_CTRL-Q|. | |
| 194 | |
| 195 *i_CTRL-Q* | |
| 196 CTRL-Q Same as CTRL-V. | |
| 197 Note: Some terminal connections may eat CTRL-Q, it doesn't | |
| 198 work then. It does work in the GUI. | |
| 199 | |
| 200 CTRL-X Enter CTRL-X mode. This is a sub-mode where commands can | |
| 236 | 201 be given to complete words or scroll the window. See |
| 7 | 202 |i_CTRL-X| and |ins-completion|. {not in Vi} |
| 203 | |
| 204 *i_CTRL-E* | |
| 205 CTRL-E Insert the character which is below the cursor. {not in Vi} | |
| 206 *i_CTRL-Y* | |
| 207 CTRL-Y Insert the character which is above the cursor. {not in Vi} | |
| 208 Note that for CTRL-E and CTRL-Y 'textwidth' is not used, to be | |
| 209 able to copy characters from a long line. | |
| 210 | |
| 211 *i_CTRL-_* | |
| 212 CTRL-_ Switch between languages, as follows: | |
| 213 - When in a rightleft window, revins and nohkmap are toggled, | |
| 214 since English will likely be inserted in this case. | |
| 215 - When in a norightleft window, revins and hkmap are toggled, | |
| 216 since Hebrew will likely be inserted in this case. | |
| 217 | |
| 218 CTRL-_ moves the cursor to the end of the typed text. | |
| 219 | |
| 220 This command is only available when the 'allowrevins' option | |
| 221 is set. | |
| 222 Please refer to |rileft.txt| for more information about | |
| 223 right-to-left mode. | |
| 224 {not in Vi} | |
| 1121 | 225 Only if compiled with the |+rightleft| feature. |
| 226 | |
| 7 | 227 *i_CTRL-^* |
| 228 CTRL-^ Toggle the use of typing language characters. | |
| 229 When language |:lmap| mappings are defined: | |
| 230 - If 'iminsert' is 1 (langmap mappings used) it becomes 0 (no | |
| 231 langmap mappings used). | |
| 232 - If 'iminsert' has another value it becomes 1, thus langmap | |
| 233 mappings are enabled. | |
| 234 When no language mappings are defined: | |
| 235 - If 'iminsert' is 2 (Input Method used) it becomes 0 (no | |
| 236 Input Method used). | |
| 237 - If 'iminsert' has another value it becomes 2, thus the Input | |
| 238 Method is enabled. | |
| 239 When set to 1, the value of the "b:keymap_name" variable, the | |
| 240 'keymap' option or "<lang>" appears in the status line. | |
| 241 The language mappings are normally used to type characters | |
| 242 that are different from what the keyboard produces. The | |
| 243 'keymap' option can be used to install a whole number of them. | |
| 244 {not in Vi} | |
| 245 | |
| 246 *i_CTRL-]* | |
| 247 CTRL-] Trigger abbreviation, without inserting a character. {not in | |
| 248 Vi} | |
| 249 | |
| 250 *i_<Insert>* | |
| 251 <Insert> Toggle between Insert and Replace mode. {not in Vi} | |
| 252 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 253 | |
| 254 *i_backspacing* | |
| 255 The effect of the <BS>, CTRL-W, and CTRL-U depend on the 'backspace' option | |
| 256 (unless 'revins' is set). This is a comma separated list of items: | |
| 257 | |
| 258 item action ~ | |
| 259 indent allow backspacing over autoindent | |
| 260 eol allow backspacing over end-of-line (join lines) | |
| 261 start allow backspacing over the start position of insert; CTRL-W and | |
| 262 CTRL-U stop once at the start position | |
| 263 | |
| 264 When 'backspace' is empty, Vi compatible backspacing is used. You cannot | |
| 265 backspace over autoindent, before column 1 or before where insert started. | |
| 266 | |
| 267 For backwards compatibility the values "0", "1" and "2" are also allowed, see | |
| 268 |'backspace'|. | |
| 269 | |
| 270 If the 'backspace' option does contain "eol" and the cursor is in column 1 | |
| 271 when one of the three keys is used, the current line is joined with the | |
| 272 previous line. This effectively deletes the <EOL> in front of the cursor. | |
| 273 {Vi: does not cross lines, does not delete past start position of insert} | |
| 274 | |
| 275 *i_CTRL-V_digit* | |
| 276 With CTRL-V the decimal, octal or hexadecimal value of a character can be | |
| 277 entered directly. This way you can enter any character, except a line break | |
| 278 (<NL>, value 10). There are five ways to enter the character value: | |
| 279 | |
| 280 first char mode max nr of chars max value ~ | |
| 281 (none) decimal 3 255 | |
| 236 | 282 o or O octal 3 377 (255) |
| 7 | 283 x or X hexadecimal 2 ff (255) |
| 284 u hexadecimal 4 ffff (65535) | |
| 285 U hexadecimal 8 7fffffff (2147483647) | |
| 286 | |
| 287 Normally you would type the maximum number of characters. Thus to enter a | |
| 288 space (value 32) you would type <C-V>032. You can omit the leading zero, in | |
| 289 which case the character typed after the number must be a non-digit. This | |
| 290 happens for the other modes as well: As soon as you type a character that is | |
| 291 invalid for the mode, the value before it will be used and the "invalid" | |
| 292 character is dealt with in the normal way. | |
| 293 | |
| 294 If you enter a value of 10, it will end up in the file as a 0. The 10 is a | |
| 295 <NL>, which is used internally to represent the <Nul> character. When writing | |
| 296 the buffer to a file, the <NL> character is translated into <Nul>. The <NL> | |
| 297 character is written at the end of each line. Thus if you want to insert a | |
| 298 <NL> character in a file you will have to make a line break. | |
| 299 | |
| 300 *i_CTRL-X* *insert_expand* | |
| 301 CTRL-X enters a sub-mode where several commands can be used. Most of these | |
| 302 commands do keyword completion; see |ins-completion|. These are not available | |
| 303 when Vim was compiled without the |+insert_expand| feature. | |
| 304 | |
| 305 Two commands can be used to scroll the window up or down, without exiting | |
| 306 insert mode: | |
| 307 | |
| 308 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-E* | |
| 309 CTRL-X CTRL-E scroll window one line up. | |
| 816 | 310 When doing completion look here: |complete_CTRL-E| |
| 7 | 311 |
| 312 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-Y* | |
| 313 CTRL-X CTRL-Y scroll window one line down. | |
| 816 | 314 When doing completion look here: |complete_CTRL-Y| |
| 7 | 315 |
| 316 After CTRL-X is pressed, each CTRL-E (CTRL-Y) scrolls the window up (down) by | |
| 317 one line unless that would cause the cursor to move from its current position | |
| 318 in the file. As soon as another key is pressed, CTRL-X mode is exited and | |
| 319 that key is interpreted as in Insert mode. | |
| 320 | |
| 321 | |
| 322 ============================================================================== | |
| 323 2. Special special keys *ins-special-special* | |
| 324 | |
| 325 The following keys are special. They stop the current insert, do something, | |
| 326 and then restart insertion. This means you can do something without getting | |
| 327 out of Insert mode. This is very handy if you prefer to use the Insert mode | |
| 328 all the time, just like editors that don't have a separate Normal mode. You | |
| 329 may also want to set the 'backspace' option to "indent,eol,start" and set the | |
| 330 'insertmode' option. You can use CTRL-O if you want to map a function key to | |
| 331 a command. | |
| 332 | |
| 333 The changes (inserted or deleted characters) before and after these keys can | |
| 334 be undone separately. Only the last change can be redone and always behaves | |
| 335 like an "i" command. | |
| 336 | |
| 337 char action ~ | |
| 338 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 339 <Up> cursor one line up *i_<Up>* | |
| 340 <Down> cursor one line down *i_<Down>* | |
| 341 CTRL-G <Up> cursor one line up, insert start column *i_CTRL-G_<Up>* | |
| 342 CTRL-G k cursor one line up, insert start column *i_CTRL-G_k* | |
| 343 CTRL-G CTRL-K cursor one line up, insert start column *i_CTRL-G_CTRL-K* | |
| 344 CTRL-G <Down> cursor one line down, insert start column *i_CTRL-G_<Down>* | |
| 345 CTRL-G j cursor one line down, insert start column *i_CTRL-G_j* | |
| 346 CTRL-G CTRL-J cursor one line down, insert start column *i_CTRL-G_CTRL-J* | |
| 347 <Left> cursor one character left *i_<Left>* | |
| 348 <Right> cursor one character right *i_<Right>* | |
| 349 <S-Left> cursor one word back (like "b" command) *i_<S-Left>* | |
| 350 <C-Left> cursor one word back (like "b" command) *i_<C-Left>* | |
| 351 <S-Right> cursor one word forward (like "w" command) *i_<S-Right>* | |
| 352 <C-Right> cursor one word forward (like "w" command) *i_<C-Right>* | |
| 353 <Home> cursor to first char in the line *i_<Home>* | |
| 354 <End> cursor to after last char in the line *i_<End>* | |
| 355 <C-Home> cursor to first char in the file *i_<C-Home>* | |
| 356 <C-End> cursor to after last char in the file *i_<C-End>* | |
| 357 <LeftMouse> cursor to position of mouse click *i_<LeftMouse>* | |
| 358 <S-Up> move window one page up *i_<S-Up>* | |
| 359 <PageUp> move window one page up *i_<PageUp>* | |
| 360 <S-Down> move window one page down *i_<S-Down>* | |
| 361 <PageDown> move window one page down *i_<PageDown>* | |
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362 <ScrollWheelDown> move window three lines down *i_<ScrollWheelDown>* |
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363 <S-ScrollWheelDown> move window one page down *i_<S-ScrollWheelDown>* |
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364 <ScrollWheelUp> move window three lines up *i_<ScrollWheelUp>* |
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365 <S-ScrollWheelUp> move window one page up *i_<S-ScrollWheelUp>* |
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366 <ScrollWheelLeft> move window six columns left *i_<ScrollWheelLeft>* |
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367 <S-ScrollWheelLeft> move window one page left *i_<S-ScrollWheelLeft>* |
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368 <ScrollWheelRight> move window six columns right *i_<ScrollWheelRight>* |
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369 <S-ScrollWheelRight> move window one page right *i_<S-ScrollWheelRight>* |
| 7 | 370 CTRL-O execute one command, return to Insert mode *i_CTRL-O* |
| 625 | 371 CTRL-\ CTRL-O like CTRL-O but don't move the cursor *i_CTRL-\_CTRL-O* |
| 477 | 372 CTRL-L when 'insertmode' is set: go to Normal mode *i_CTRL-L* |
| 7 | 373 CTRL-G u break undo sequence, start new change *i_CTRL-G_u* |
| 374 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 375 | |
| 376 Note: If the cursor keys take you out of Insert mode, check the 'noesckeys' | |
| 377 option. | |
| 378 | |
| 379 The CTRL-O command sometimes has a side effect: If the cursor was beyond the | |
| 380 end of the line, it will be put on the last character in the line. In | |
| 381 mappings it's often better to use <Esc> (first put an "x" in the text, <Esc> | |
| 477 | 382 will then always put the cursor on it). Or use CTRL-\ CTRL-O, but then |
| 383 beware of the cursor possibly being beyond the end of the line. | |
| 7 | 384 |
| 2625 | 385 The CTRL-O command takes you to Normal mode. If you then use a command enter |
| 386 Insert mode again it doesn't nest. Thus when typing "a<C-O>a" and then <Esc> | |
| 387 takes you back to Normal mode, you do not need to type <Esc> twice. | |
| 388 | |
| 7 | 389 The shifted cursor keys are not available on all terminals. |
| 390 | |
| 391 Another side effect is that a count specified before the "i" or "a" command is | |
| 392 ignored. That is because repeating the effect of the command after CTRL-O is | |
| 393 too complicated. | |
| 394 | |
| 395 An example for using CTRL-G u: > | |
| 396 | |
| 397 :inoremap <C-H> <C-G>u<C-H> | |
| 398 | |
| 399 This redefines the backspace key to start a new undo sequence. You can now | |
| 400 undo the effect of the backspace key, without changing what you typed before | |
| 401 that, with CTRL-O u. | |
| 402 | |
| 10 | 403 Using CTRL-O splits undo: the text typed before and after it is undone |
| 404 separately. If you want to avoid this (e.g., in a mapping) you might be able | |
| 405 to use CTRL-R = |i_CTRL-R|. E.g., to call a function: > | |
| 406 :imap <F2> <C-R>=MyFunc()<CR> | |
| 407 | |
| 7 | 408 When the 'whichwrap' option is set appropriately, the <Left> and <Right> |
| 409 keys on the first/last character in the line make the cursor wrap to the | |
| 410 previous/next line. | |
| 411 | |
| 412 The CTRL-G j and CTRL-G k commands can be used to insert text in front of a | |
| 413 column. Example: > | |
| 414 int i; | |
| 415 int j; | |
| 236 | 416 Position the cursor on the first "int", type "istatic <C-G>j ". The |
| 7 | 417 result is: > |
| 418 static int i; | |
| 419 int j; | |
| 420 When inserting the same text in front of the column in every line, use the | |
| 421 Visual blockwise command "I" |v_b_I|. | |
| 422 | |
| 423 ============================================================================== | |
| 424 3. 'textwidth' and 'wrapmargin' options *ins-textwidth* | |
| 425 | |
| 426 The 'textwidth' option can be used to automatically break a line before it | |
| 427 gets too long. Set the 'textwidth' option to the desired maximum line | |
| 428 length. If you then type more characters (not spaces or tabs), the | |
| 429 last word will be put on a new line (unless it is the only word on the | |
| 430 line). If you set 'textwidth' to 0, this feature is disabled. | |
| 431 | |
| 432 The 'wrapmargin' option does almost the same. The difference is that | |
| 433 'textwidth' has a fixed width while 'wrapmargin' depends on the width of the | |
| 434 screen. When using 'wrapmargin' this is equal to using 'textwidth' with a | |
| 435 value equal to (columns - 'wrapmargin'), where columns is the width of the | |
| 436 screen. | |
| 437 | |
| 438 When 'textwidth' and 'wrapmargin' are both set, 'textwidth' is used. | |
| 439 | |
| 440 If you don't really want to break the line, but view the line wrapped at a | |
| 441 convenient place, see the 'linebreak' option. | |
| 442 | |
| 667 | 443 The line is only broken automatically when using Insert mode, or when |
| 7 | 444 appending to a line. When in replace mode and the line length is not |
| 445 changed, the line will not be broken. | |
| 446 | |
| 447 Long lines are broken if you enter a non-white character after the margin. | |
| 448 The situations where a line will be broken can be restricted by adding | |
| 449 characters to the 'formatoptions' option: | |
| 450 "l" Only break a line if it was not longer than 'textwidth' when the insert | |
| 451 started. | |
| 452 "v" Only break at a white character that has been entered during the | |
| 453 current insert command. This is mostly Vi-compatible. | |
| 454 "lv" Only break if the line was not longer than 'textwidth' when the insert | |
| 455 started and only at a white character that has been entered during the | |
| 456 current insert command. Only differs from "l" when entering non-white | |
| 457 characters while crossing the 'textwidth' boundary. | |
| 458 | |
| 667 | 459 Normally an internal function will be used to decide where to break the line. |
| 460 If you want to do it in a different way set the 'formatexpr' option to an | |
| 461 expression that will take care of the line break. | |
| 462 | |
| 7 | 463 If you want to format a block of text, you can use the "gq" operator. Type |
| 464 "gq" and a movement command to move the cursor to the end of the block. In | |
| 465 many cases, the command "gq}" will do what you want (format until the end of | |
| 466 paragraph). Alternatively, you can use "gqap", which will format the whole | |
| 467 paragraph, no matter where the cursor currently is. Or you can use Visual | |
| 468 mode: hit "v", move to the end of the block, and type "gq". See also |gq|. | |
| 469 | |
| 470 ============================================================================== | |
| 471 4. 'expandtab', 'smarttab' and 'softtabstop' options *ins-expandtab* | |
| 472 | |
| 473 If the 'expandtab' option is on, spaces will be used to fill the amount of | |
| 474 whitespace of the tab. If you want to enter a real <Tab>, type CTRL-V first | |
| 475 (use CTRL-Q when CTRL-V is mapped |i_CTRL-Q|). | |
| 476 The 'expandtab' option is off by default. Note that in Replace mode, a single | |
| 477 character is replaced with several spaces. The result of this is that the | |
| 478 number of characters in the line increases. Backspacing will delete one | |
| 479 space at a time. The original character will be put back for only one space | |
| 480 that you backspace over (the last one). {Vi does not have the 'expandtab' | |
| 481 option} | |
| 482 | |
| 483 *ins-smarttab* | |
| 484 When the 'smarttab' option is on, a <Tab> inserts 'shiftwidth' positions at | |
| 485 the beginning of a line and 'tabstop' positions in other places. This means | |
| 486 that often spaces instead of a <Tab> character are inserted. When 'smarttab | |
| 487 is off, a <Tab> always inserts 'tabstop' positions, and 'shiftwidth' is only | |
| 488 used for ">>" and the like. {not in Vi} | |
| 489 | |
| 490 *ins-softtabstop* | |
| 491 When the 'softtabstop' option is non-zero, a <Tab> inserts 'softtabstop' | |
| 492 positions, and a <BS> used to delete white space, will delete 'softtabstop' | |
| 493 positions. This feels like 'tabstop' was set to 'softtabstop', but a real | |
| 494 <Tab> character still takes 'tabstop' positions, so your file will still look | |
| 495 correct when used by other applications. | |
| 496 | |
| 497 If 'softtabstop' is non-zero, a <BS> will try to delete as much white space to | |
| 498 move to the previous 'softtabstop' position, except when the previously | |
| 499 inserted character is a space, then it will only delete the character before | |
| 500 the cursor. Otherwise you cannot always delete a single character before the | |
| 501 cursor. You will have to delete 'softtabstop' characters first, and then type | |
| 502 extra spaces to get where you want to be. | |
| 503 | |
| 504 ============================================================================== | |
| 505 5. Replace mode *Replace* *Replace-mode* *mode-replace* | |
| 506 | |
| 507 Enter Replace mode with the "R" command in normal mode. | |
| 508 | |
| 509 In Replace mode, one character in the line is deleted for every character you | |
| 510 type. If there is no character to delete (at the end of the line), the | |
| 511 typed character is appended (as in Insert mode). Thus the number of | |
| 512 characters in a line stays the same until you get to the end of the line. | |
| 513 If a <NL> is typed, a line break is inserted and no character is deleted. | |
| 514 | |
| 515 Be careful with <Tab> characters. If you type a normal printing character in | |
| 516 its place, the number of characters is still the same, but the number of | |
| 517 columns will become smaller. | |
| 518 | |
| 519 If you delete characters in Replace mode (with <BS>, CTRL-W, or CTRL-U), what | |
| 520 happens is that you delete the changes. The characters that were replaced | |
| 521 are restored. If you had typed past the existing text, the characters you | |
| 522 added are deleted. This is effectively a character-at-a-time undo. | |
| 523 | |
| 524 If the 'expandtab' option is on, a <Tab> will replace one character with | |
| 525 several spaces. The result of this is that the number of characters in the | |
| 526 line increases. Backspacing will delete one space at a time. The original | |
| 527 character will be put back for only one space that you backspace over (the | |
| 528 last one). {Vi does not have the 'expandtab' option} | |
| 529 | |
| 530 ============================================================================== | |
| 531 6. Virtual Replace mode *vreplace-mode* *Virtual-Replace-mode* | |
| 532 | |
| 533 Enter Virtual Replace mode with the "gR" command in normal mode. | |
|
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534 {not available when compiled without the |+vreplace| feature} |
| 7 | 535 {Vi does not have Virtual Replace mode} |
| 536 | |
| 537 Virtual Replace mode is similar to Replace mode, but instead of replacing | |
| 538 actual characters in the file, you are replacing screen real estate, so that | |
| 539 characters further on in the file never appear to move. | |
| 540 | |
| 541 So if you type a <Tab> it may replace several normal characters, and if you | |
| 542 type a letter on top of a <Tab> it may not replace anything at all, since the | |
| 543 <Tab> will still line up to the same place as before. | |
| 544 | |
| 545 Typing a <NL> still doesn't cause characters later in the file to appear to | |
| 546 move. The rest of the current line will be replaced by the <NL> (that is, | |
| 547 they are deleted), and replacing continues on the next line. A new line is | |
| 548 NOT inserted unless you go past the end of the file. | |
| 549 | |
| 550 Interesting effects are seen when using CTRL-T and CTRL-D. The characters | |
| 551 before the cursor are shifted sideways as normal, but characters later in the | |
| 552 line still remain still. CTRL-T will hide some of the old line under the | |
| 553 shifted characters, but CTRL-D will reveal them again. | |
| 554 | |
| 555 As with Replace mode, using <BS> etc will bring back the characters that were | |
| 556 replaced. This still works in conjunction with 'smartindent', CTRL-T and | |
| 557 CTRL-D, 'expandtab', 'smarttab', 'softtabstop', etc. | |
| 558 | |
| 559 In 'list' mode, Virtual Replace mode acts as if it was not in 'list' mode, | |
| 560 unless "L" is in 'cpoptions'. | |
| 561 | |
| 2581 | 562 Note that the only situations for which characters beyond the cursor should |
| 563 appear to move are in List mode |'list'|, and occasionally when 'wrap' is set | |
| 564 (and the line changes length to become shorter or wider than the width of the | |
| 565 screen). In other cases spaces may be inserted to avoid following characters | |
| 566 to move. | |
| 7 | 567 |
| 568 This mode is very useful for editing <Tab> separated columns in tables, for | |
| 569 entering new data while keeping all the columns aligned. | |
| 570 | |
| 571 ============================================================================== | |
| 572 7. Insert mode completion *ins-completion* | |
| 573 | |
| 449 | 574 In Insert and Replace mode, there are several commands to complete part of a |
| 7 | 575 keyword or line that has been typed. This is useful if you are using |
| 576 complicated keywords (e.g., function names with capitals and underscores). | |
| 577 | |
| 578 These commands are not available when the |+insert_expand| feature was | |
| 579 disabled at compile time. | |
| 580 | |
| 581 Completion can be done for: | |
| 582 | |
| 583 1. Whole lines |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-L| | |
| 584 2. keywords in the current file |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-N| | |
| 585 3. keywords in 'dictionary' |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-K| | |
| 586 4. keywords in 'thesaurus', thesaurus-style |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-T| | |
| 587 5. keywords in the current and included files |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-I| | |
| 588 6. tags |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-]| | |
| 589 7. file names |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-F| | |
| 590 8. definitions or macros |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-D| | |
| 591 9. Vim command-line |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-V| | |
| 449 | 592 10. User defined completion |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-U| |
| 523 | 593 11. omni completion |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-O| |
| 477 | 594 12. Spelling suggestions |i_CTRL-X_s| |
| 595 13. keywords in 'complete' |i_CTRL-N| | |
| 7 | 596 |
| 597 All these (except 2) are done in CTRL-X mode. This is a sub-mode of Insert | |
| 598 and Replace modes. You enter CTRL-X mode by typing CTRL-X and one of the | |
| 599 CTRL-X commands. You exit CTRL-X mode by typing a key that is not a valid | |
| 600 CTRL-X mode command. Valid keys are the CTRL-X command itself, CTRL-N (next), | |
| 601 and CTRL-P (previous). | |
| 602 | |
| 603 Also see the 'infercase' option if you want to adjust the case of the match. | |
| 604 | |
| 816 | 605 *complete_CTRL-E* |
| 606 When completion is active you can use CTRL-E to stop it and go back to the | |
| 843 | 607 originally typed text. The CTRL-E will not be inserted. |
| 816 | 608 |
| 609 *complete_CTRL-Y* | |
| 610 When the popup menu is displayed you can use CTRL-Y to stop completion and | |
| 611 accept the currently selected entry. The CTRL-Y is not inserted. Typing a | |
| 612 space, Enter, or some other unprintable character will leave completion mode | |
| 613 and insert that typed character. | |
| 614 | |
| 829 | 615 When the popup menu is displayed there are a few more special keys, see |
| 616 |popupmenu-keys|. | |
| 617 | |
| 7 | 618 Note: The keys that are valid in CTRL-X mode are not mapped. This allows for |
| 619 ":map ^F ^X^F" to work (where ^F is CTRL-F and ^X is CTRL-X). The key that | |
| 620 ends CTRL-X mode (any key that is not a valid CTRL-X mode command) is mapped. | |
| 621 Also, when doing completion with 'complete' mappings apply as usual. | |
| 622 | |
| 844 | 623 Note: While completion is active Insert mode can't be used recursively. |
| 624 Mappings that somehow invoke ":normal i.." will generate an E523 error. | |
| 625 | |
| 7 | 626 The following mappings are suggested to make typing the completion commands |
| 627 a bit easier (although they will hide other commands): > | |
| 628 :inoremap ^] ^X^] | |
| 629 :inoremap ^F ^X^F | |
| 630 :inoremap ^D ^X^D | |
| 631 :inoremap ^L ^X^L | |
| 632 | |
| 633 As a special case, typing CTRL-R to perform register insertion (see | |
| 634 |i_CTRL-R|) will not exit CTRL-X mode. This is primarily to allow the use of | |
| 635 the '=' register to call some function to determine the next operation. If | |
| 636 the contents of the register (or result of the '=' register evaluation) are | |
| 637 not valid CTRL-X mode keys, then CTRL-X mode will be exited as if those keys | |
| 638 had been typed. | |
| 639 | |
| 640 For example, the following will map <Tab> to either actually insert a <Tab> if | |
| 641 the current line is currently only whitespace, or start/continue a CTRL-N | |
| 642 completion operation: > | |
| 643 | |
| 644 function! CleverTab() | |
| 645 if strpart( getline('.'), 0, col('.')-1 ) =~ '^\s*$' | |
| 646 return "\<Tab>" | |
| 647 else | |
| 648 return "\<C-N>" | |
|
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649 endif |
| 7 | 650 endfunction |
| 651 inoremap <Tab> <C-R>=CleverTab()<CR> | |
| 652 | |
| 653 | |
| 654 | |
| 655 Completing whole lines *compl-whole-line* | |
| 656 | |
| 657 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-L* | |
| 658 CTRL-X CTRL-L Search backwards for a line that starts with the | |
| 459 | 659 same characters as those in the current line before |
| 660 the cursor. Indent is ignored. The matching line is | |
| 7 | 661 inserted in front of the cursor. |
| 459 | 662 The 'complete' option is used to decide which buffers |
| 667 | 663 are searched for a match. Both loaded and unloaded |
| 664 buffers are used. | |
| 7 | 665 CTRL-L or |
| 666 CTRL-P Search backwards for next matching line. This line | |
| 667 replaces the previous matching line. | |
| 668 | |
| 669 CTRL-N Search forward for next matching line. This line | |
| 670 replaces the previous matching line. | |
| 671 | |
| 672 CTRL-X CTRL-L After expanding a line you can additionally get the | |
| 673 line next to it by typing CTRL-X CTRL-L again, unless | |
|
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674 a double CTRL-X is used. Only works for loaded |
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675 buffers. |
| 7 | 676 |
| 677 Completing keywords in current file *compl-current* | |
| 678 | |
| 679 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-P* | |
| 680 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-N* | |
| 681 CTRL-X CTRL-N Search forwards for words that start with the keyword | |
| 682 in front of the cursor. The found keyword is inserted | |
| 683 in front of the cursor. | |
| 684 | |
| 685 CTRL-X CTRL-P Search backwards for words that start with the keyword | |
| 686 in front of the cursor. The found keyword is inserted | |
| 687 in front of the cursor. | |
| 688 | |
| 689 CTRL-N Search forward for next matching keyword. This | |
| 690 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 691 | |
| 692 CTRL-P Search backwards for next matching keyword. This | |
| 693 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 694 | |
| 695 CTRL-X CTRL-N or | |
| 696 CTRL-X CTRL-P Further use of CTRL-X CTRL-N or CTRL-X CTRL-P will | |
| 697 copy the words following the previous expansion in | |
| 698 other contexts unless a double CTRL-X is used. | |
| 699 | |
| 700 If there is a keyword in front of the cursor (a name made out of alphabetic | |
| 701 characters and characters in 'iskeyword'), it is used as the search pattern, | |
| 702 with "\<" prepended (meaning: start of a word). Otherwise "\<\k\k" is used | |
| 703 as search pattern (start of any keyword of at least two characters). | |
| 704 | |
| 705 In Replace mode, the number of characters that are replaced depends on the | |
| 706 length of the matched string. This works like typing the characters of the | |
| 707 matched string in Replace mode. | |
| 708 | |
| 709 If there is not a valid keyword character before the cursor, any keyword of | |
| 710 at least two characters is matched. | |
| 711 e.g., to get: | |
| 712 printf("(%g, %g, %g)", vector[0], vector[1], vector[2]); | |
| 713 just type: | |
| 714 printf("(%g, %g, %g)", vector[0], ^P[1], ^P[2]); | |
| 715 | |
| 523 | 716 The search wraps around the end of the file, the value of 'wrapscan' is not |
| 717 used here. | |
| 718 | |
| 7 | 719 Multiple repeats of the same completion are skipped; thus a different match |
| 720 will be inserted at each CTRL-N and CTRL-P (unless there is only one | |
| 721 matching keyword). | |
| 722 | |
| 723 Single character matches are never included, as they usually just get in | |
| 724 the way of what you were really after. | |
| 725 e.g., to get: | |
| 726 printf("name = %s\n", name); | |
| 727 just type: | |
| 728 printf("name = %s\n", n^P); | |
| 729 or even: | |
| 730 printf("name = %s\n", ^P); | |
| 731 The 'n' in '\n' is skipped. | |
| 732 | |
| 733 After expanding a word, you can use CTRL-X CTRL-P or CTRL-X CTRL-N to get the | |
| 734 word following the expansion in other contexts. These sequences search for | |
| 735 the text just expanded and further expand by getting an extra word. This is | |
| 736 useful if you need to repeat a sequence of complicated words. Although CTRL-P | |
| 737 and CTRL-N look just for strings of at least two characters, CTRL-X CTRL-P and | |
| 738 CTRL-X CTRL-N can be used to expand words of just one character. | |
| 739 e.g., to get: | |
| 740 México | |
| 741 you can type: | |
| 742 M^N^P^X^P^X^P | |
| 743 CTRL-N starts the expansion and then CTRL-P takes back the single character | |
| 744 "M", the next two CTRL-X CTRL-P's get the words "é" and ";xico". | |
| 745 | |
| 746 If the previous expansion was split, because it got longer than 'textwidth', | |
| 747 then just the text in the current line will be used. | |
| 748 | |
| 749 If the match found is at the end of a line, then the first word in the next | |
| 750 line will be inserted and the message "word from next line" displayed, if | |
| 751 this word is accepted the next CTRL-X CTRL-P or CTRL-X CTRL-N will search | |
| 752 for those lines starting with this word. | |
| 753 | |
| 754 | |
| 755 Completing keywords in 'dictionary' *compl-dictionary* | |
| 756 | |
| 757 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-K* | |
| 758 CTRL-X CTRL-K Search the files given with the 'dictionary' option | |
| 759 for words that start with the keyword in front of the | |
| 760 cursor. This is like CTRL-N, but only the dictionary | |
| 761 files are searched, not the current file. The found | |
| 762 keyword is inserted in front of the cursor. This | |
| 763 could potentially be pretty slow, since all matches | |
| 764 are found before the first match is used. By default, | |
| 765 the 'dictionary' option is empty. | |
| 766 For suggestions where to find a list of words, see the | |
| 767 'dictionary' option. | |
| 768 | |
| 769 CTRL-K or | |
| 770 CTRL-N Search forward for next matching keyword. This | |
| 771 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 772 | |
| 773 CTRL-P Search backwards for next matching keyword. This | |
| 774 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 775 | |
| 776 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-T* | |
| 236 | 777 CTRL-X CTRL-T Works as CTRL-X CTRL-K, but in a special way. It uses |
| 7 | 778 the 'thesaurus' option instead of 'dictionary'. If a |
| 779 match is found in the thesaurus file, all the | |
| 780 remaining words on the same line are included as | |
| 781 matches, even though they don't complete the word. | |
| 782 Thus a word can be completely replaced. | |
| 783 | |
| 784 For an example, imagine the 'thesaurus' file has a | |
| 785 line like this: > | |
| 786 angry furious mad enraged | |
| 787 < Placing the cursor after the letters "ang" and typing | |
| 788 CTRL-X CTRL-T would complete the word "angry"; | |
| 789 subsequent presses would change the word to "furious", | |
| 790 "mad" etc. | |
| 791 Other uses include translation between two languages, | |
| 792 or grouping API functions by keyword. | |
| 793 | |
| 794 CTRL-T or | |
| 795 CTRL-N Search forward for next matching keyword. This | |
| 796 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 797 | |
| 798 CTRL-P Search backwards for next matching keyword. This | |
| 799 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 800 | |
| 801 | |
| 802 Completing keywords in the current and included files *compl-keyword* | |
| 803 | |
| 804 The 'include' option is used to specify a line that contains an include file | |
| 805 name. The 'path' option is used to search for include files. | |
| 806 | |
| 807 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-I* | |
| 808 CTRL-X CTRL-I Search for the first keyword in the current and | |
| 809 included files that starts with the same characters | |
| 810 as those before the cursor. The matched keyword is | |
| 811 inserted in front of the cursor. | |
| 812 | |
| 813 CTRL-N Search forwards for next matching keyword. This | |
| 814 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 815 Note: CTRL-I is the same as <Tab>, which is likely to | |
| 816 be typed after a successful completion, therefore | |
| 817 CTRL-I is not used for searching for the next match. | |
| 818 | |
| 819 CTRL-P Search backward for previous matching keyword. This | |
| 820 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 821 | |
| 822 CTRL-X CTRL-I Further use of CTRL-X CTRL-I will copy the words | |
| 823 following the previous expansion in other contexts | |
| 824 unless a double CTRL-X is used. | |
| 825 | |
| 826 Completing tags *compl-tag* | |
| 827 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-]* | |
| 828 CTRL-X CTRL-] Search for the first tag that starts with the same | |
| 829 characters as before the cursor. The matching tag is | |
| 830 inserted in front of the cursor. Alphabetic | |
| 831 characters and characters in 'iskeyword' are used | |
| 832 to decide which characters are included in the tag | |
| 833 name (same as for a keyword). See also |CTRL-]|. | |
| 834 The 'showfulltag' option can be used to add context | |
| 835 from around the tag definition. | |
| 836 CTRL-] or | |
| 837 CTRL-N Search forwards for next matching tag. This tag | |
| 838 replaces the previous matching tag. | |
| 839 | |
| 840 CTRL-P Search backward for previous matching tag. This tag | |
| 841 replaces the previous matching tag. | |
| 842 | |
| 843 | |
| 844 Completing file names *compl-filename* | |
| 845 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-F* | |
| 846 CTRL-X CTRL-F Search for the first file name that starts with the | |
| 847 same characters as before the cursor. The matching | |
| 848 file name is inserted in front of the cursor. | |
| 849 Alphabetic characters and characters in 'isfname' | |
| 850 are used to decide which characters are included in | |
| 851 the file name. Note: the 'path' option is not used | |
| 852 here (yet). | |
| 853 CTRL-F or | |
| 854 CTRL-N Search forwards for next matching file name. This | |
| 855 file name replaces the previous matching file name. | |
| 856 | |
| 857 CTRL-P Search backward for previous matching file name. | |
| 858 This file name replaces the previous matching file | |
| 859 name. | |
| 860 | |
| 861 | |
| 862 Completing definitions or macros *compl-define* | |
| 863 | |
| 864 The 'define' option is used to specify a line that contains a definition. | |
| 865 The 'include' option is used to specify a line that contains an include file | |
| 866 name. The 'path' option is used to search for include files. | |
| 867 | |
| 868 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-D* | |
| 869 CTRL-X CTRL-D Search in the current and included files for the | |
| 870 first definition (or macro) name that starts with | |
| 871 the same characters as before the cursor. The found | |
| 872 definition name is inserted in front of the cursor. | |
| 873 CTRL-D or | |
| 874 CTRL-N Search forwards for next matching macro name. This | |
| 875 macro name replaces the previous matching macro | |
| 876 name. | |
| 877 | |
| 878 CTRL-P Search backward for previous matching macro name. | |
| 879 This macro name replaces the previous matching macro | |
| 880 name. | |
| 881 | |
| 882 CTRL-X CTRL-D Further use of CTRL-X CTRL-D will copy the words | |
| 883 following the previous expansion in other contexts | |
| 884 unless a double CTRL-X is used. | |
| 885 | |
| 886 | |
| 887 Completing Vim commands *compl-vim* | |
| 888 | |
| 889 Completion is context-sensitive. It works like on the Command-line. It | |
| 449 | 890 completes an Ex command as well as its arguments. This is useful when writing |
| 891 a Vim script. | |
| 7 | 892 |
| 893 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-V* | |
| 894 CTRL-X CTRL-V Guess what kind of item is in front of the cursor and | |
| 895 find the first match for it. | |
| 896 Note: When CTRL-V is mapped you can often use CTRL-Q | |
| 1620 | 897 instead of |i_CTRL-Q|. |
| 7 | 898 CTRL-V or |
| 899 CTRL-N Search forwards for next match. This match replaces | |
| 900 the previous one. | |
| 901 | |
| 1620 | 902 CTRL-P Search backwards for previous match. This match |
| 7 | 903 replaces the previous one. |
| 904 | |
| 905 CTRL-X CTRL-V Further use of CTRL-X CTRL-V will do the same as | |
| 906 CTRL-V. This allows mapping a key to do Vim command | |
| 907 completion, for example: > | |
| 908 :imap <Tab> <C-X><C-V> | |
| 909 | |
| 449 | 910 User defined completion *compl-function* |
| 12 | 911 |
| 912 Completion is done by a function that can be defined by the user with the | |
| 648 | 913 'completefunc' option. See below for how the function is called and an |
| 914 example |complete-functions|. | |
| 12 | 915 |
| 916 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-U* | |
| 917 CTRL-X CTRL-U Guess what kind of item is in front of the cursor and | |
| 918 find the first match for it. | |
| 919 CTRL-U or | |
| 920 CTRL-N Use the next match. This match replaces the previous | |
| 921 one. | |
| 922 | |
| 923 CTRL-P Use the previous match. This match replaces the | |
| 924 previous one. | |
| 925 | |
| 926 | |
| 523 | 927 Omni completion *compl-omni* |
| 449 | 928 |
| 502 | 929 Completion is done by a function that can be defined by the user with the |
| 523 | 930 'omnifunc' option. This is to be used for filetype-specific completion. |
| 502 | 931 |
| 648 | 932 See below for how the function is called and an example |complete-functions|. |
| 523 | 933 For remarks about specific filetypes see |compl-omni-filetypes|. |
| 859 | 934 More completion scripts will appear, check www.vim.org. Currently there is a |
| 935 first version for C++. | |
| 449 | 936 |
| 937 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-O* | |
| 938 CTRL-X CTRL-O Guess what kind of item is in front of the cursor and | |
| 939 find the first match for it. | |
| 940 CTRL-O or | |
| 941 CTRL-N Use the next match. This match replaces the previous | |
| 942 one. | |
| 943 | |
| 944 CTRL-P Use the previous match. This match replaces the | |
| 945 previous one. | |
| 946 | |
| 947 | |
| 477 | 948 Spelling suggestions *compl-spelling* |
| 949 | |
| 483 | 950 A word before or at the cursor is located and correctly spelled words are |
| 951 suggested to replace it. If there is a badly spelled word in the line, before | |
| 952 or under the cursor, the cursor is moved to after it. Otherwise the word just | |
| 953 before the cursor is used for suggestions, even though it isn't badly spelled. | |
| 954 | |
| 477 | 955 NOTE: CTRL-S suspends display in many Unix terminals. Use 's' instead. Type |
| 956 CTRL-Q to resume displaying. | |
| 957 | |
| 958 *i_CTRL-X_CTRL-S* *i_CTRL-X_s* | |
| 959 CTRL-X CTRL-S or | |
| 960 CTRL-X s Locate the word in front of the cursor and find the | |
| 961 first spell suggestion for it. | |
| 962 CTRL-S or | |
| 963 CTRL-N Use the next suggestion. This replaces the previous | |
| 964 one. Note that you can't use 's' here. | |
| 965 | |
| 966 CTRL-P Use the previous suggestion. This replaces the | |
| 967 previous one. | |
| 968 | |
| 969 | |
| 7 | 970 Completing keywords from different sources *compl-generic* |
| 971 | |
| 972 *i_CTRL-N* | |
| 973 CTRL-N Find next match for words that start with the | |
| 974 keyword in front of the cursor, looking in places | |
| 975 specified with the 'complete' option. The found | |
| 976 keyword is inserted in front of the cursor. | |
| 977 | |
| 978 *i_CTRL-P* | |
| 979 CTRL-P Find previous match for words that start with the | |
| 980 keyword in front of the cursor, looking in places | |
| 981 specified with the 'complete' option. The found | |
| 982 keyword is inserted in front of the cursor. | |
| 983 | |
| 984 CTRL-N Search forward for next matching keyword. This | |
| 985 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 986 | |
| 987 CTRL-P Search backwards for next matching keyword. This | |
| 988 keyword replaces the previous matching keyword. | |
| 989 | |
| 990 CTRL-X CTRL-N or | |
| 991 CTRL-X CTRL-P Further use of CTRL-X CTRL-N or CTRL-X CTRL-P will | |
| 992 copy the words following the previous expansion in | |
| 993 other contexts unless a double CTRL-X is used. | |
| 994 | |
| 519 | 995 |
| 648 | 996 FUNCTIONS FOR FINDING COMPLETIONS *complete-functions* |
| 997 | |
| 998 This applies to 'completefunc' and 'omnifunc'. | |
| 999 | |
| 659 | 1000 The function is called in two different ways: |
| 1001 - First the function is called to find the start of the text to be completed. | |
| 1002 - Later the function is called to actually find the matches. | |
| 648 | 1003 |
| 1004 On the first invocation the arguments are: | |
| 1005 a:findstart 1 | |
| 1006 a:base empty | |
| 1007 | |
| 659 | 1008 The function must return the column where the completion starts. It must be a |
| 1009 number between zero and the cursor column "col('.')". This involves looking | |
| 1010 at the characters just before the cursor and including those characters that | |
| 1011 could be part of the completed item. The text between this column and the | |
| 1012 cursor column will be replaced with the matches. Return -1 if no completion | |
| 1013 can be done. | |
| 648 | 1014 |
| 1015 On the second invocation the arguments are: | |
| 1016 a:findstart 0 | |
| 659 | 1017 a:base the text with which matches should match; the text that was |
| 648 | 1018 located in the first call (can be empty) |
| 1019 | |
| 1020 The function must return a List with the matching words. These matches | |
| 1021 usually include the "a:base" text. When there are no matches return an empty | |
| 659 | 1022 List. |
| 723 | 1023 *complete-items* |
| 659 | 1024 Each list item can either be a string or a Dictionary. When it is a string it |
| 1025 is used as the completion. When it is a Dictionary it can contain these | |
| 1026 items: | |
| 819 | 1027 word the text that will be inserted, mandatory |
| 1028 abbr abbreviation of "word"; when not empty it is used in | |
| 1029 the menu instead of "word" | |
| 820 | 1030 menu extra text for the popup menu, displayed after "word" |
| 1031 or "abbr" | |
| 819 | 1032 info more information about the item, can be displayed in a |
| 1033 preview window | |
| 659 | 1034 kind single letter indicating the type of completion |
| 867 | 1035 icase when non-zero case is to be ignored when comparing |
| 1036 items to be equal; when omitted zero is used, thus | |
| 1037 items that only differ in case are added | |
| 841 | 1038 dup when non-zero this match will be added even when an |
| 1039 item with the same word is already present. | |
| 659 | 1040 |
| 681 | 1041 All of these except 'icase' must be a string. If an item does not meet these |
| 1042 requirements then an error message is given and further items in the list are | |
| 1043 not used. You can mix string and Dictionary items in the returned list. | |
| 659 | 1044 |
| 1045 The "menu" item is used in the popup menu and may be truncated, thus it should | |
| 728 | 1046 be relatively short. The "info" item can be longer, it will be displayed in |
| 1047 the preview window when "preview" appears in 'completeopt'. The "info" item | |
| 1048 will also remain displayed after the popup menu has been removed. This is | |
| 838 | 1049 useful for function arguments. Use a single space for "info" to remove |
| 2625 | 1050 existing text in the preview window. The size of the preview window is three |
| 1051 lines, but 'previewheight' is used when it has a value of 1 or 2. | |
| 659 | 1052 |
| 1053 The "kind" item uses a single letter to indicate the kind of completion. This | |
| 1054 may be used to show the completion differently (different color or icon). | |
| 1055 Currently these types can be used: | |
| 1056 v variable | |
| 1057 f function or method | |
| 728 | 1058 m member of a struct or class |
| 1059 t typedef | |
| 1060 d #define or macro | |
| 648 | 1061 |
| 1062 When searching for matches takes some time call |complete_add()| to add each | |
| 1063 match to the total list. These matches should then not appear in the returned | |
| 1064 list! Call |complete_check()| now and then to allow the user to press a key | |
| 1065 while still searching for matches. Stop searching when it returns non-zero. | |
| 1066 | |
| 659 | 1067 The function is allowed to move the cursor, it is restored afterwards. This |
| 1068 option cannot be set from a |modeline| or in the |sandbox|, for security | |
| 1069 reasons. | |
| 648 | 1070 |
| 1071 An example that completes the names of the months: > | |
| 1072 fun! CompleteMonths(findstart, base) | |
| 1073 if a:findstart | |
| 1074 " locate the start of the word | |
| 1075 let line = getline('.') | |
| 1076 let start = col('.') - 1 | |
| 1077 while start > 0 && line[start - 1] =~ '\a' | |
| 1078 let start -= 1 | |
| 1079 endwhile | |
| 1080 return start | |
| 1081 else | |
| 1082 " find months matching with "a:base" | |
| 1083 let res = [] | |
| 1084 for m in split("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec") | |
| 1085 if m =~ '^' . a:base | |
| 1086 call add(res, m) | |
| 1087 endif | |
| 1088 endfor | |
| 1089 return res | |
| 1090 endif | |
| 1091 endfun | |
| 1092 set completefunc=CompleteMonths | |
| 1093 < | |
| 1094 The same, but now pretending searching for matches is slow: > | |
| 1095 fun! CompleteMonths(findstart, base) | |
| 1096 if a:findstart | |
| 1097 " locate the start of the word | |
| 1098 let line = getline('.') | |
| 1099 let start = col('.') - 1 | |
| 1100 while start > 0 && line[start - 1] =~ '\a' | |
| 1101 let start -= 1 | |
| 1102 endwhile | |
| 1103 return start | |
| 1104 else | |
| 1105 " find months matching with "a:base" | |
| 1106 for m in split("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec") | |
| 1107 if m =~ '^' . a:base | |
| 1108 call complete_add(m) | |
| 1109 endif | |
| 1110 sleep 300m " simulate searching for next match | |
| 1111 if complete_check() | |
| 1112 break | |
| 1113 endif | |
| 1114 endfor | |
| 1115 return [] | |
| 1116 endif | |
| 1117 endfun | |
| 1118 set completefunc=CompleteMonths | |
| 1119 < | |
| 1120 | |
| 540 | 1121 INSERT COMPLETION POPUP MENU *ins-completion-menu* |
| 620 | 1122 *popupmenu-completion* |
| 540 | 1123 Vim can display the matches in a simplistic popup menu. |
| 1124 | |
| 1125 The menu is used when: | |
| 715 | 1126 - The 'completeopt' option contains "menu" or "menuone". |
| 540 | 1127 - The terminal supports at least 8 colors. |
| 857 | 1128 - There are at least two matches. One if "menuone" is used. |
| 540 | 1129 |
| 765 | 1130 The 'pumheight' option can be used to set a maximum height. The default is to |
| 1131 use all space available. | |
| 1132 | |
| 825 | 1133 There are three states: |
| 1134 1. A complete match has been inserted, e.g., after using CTRL-N or CTRL-P. | |
| 1135 2. A cursor key has been used to select another match. The match was not | |
| 1136 inserted then, only the entry in the popup menu is highlighted. | |
| 1137 3. Only part of a match has been inserted and characters were typed or the | |
| 1138 backspace key was used. The list of matches was then adjusted for what is | |
| 1139 in front of the cursor. | |
| 667 | 1140 |
| 682 | 1141 You normally start in the first state, with the first match being inserted. |
| 667 | 1142 When "longest" is in 'completeopt' and there is more than one match you start |
| 825 | 1143 in the third state. |
| 665 | 1144 |
| 825 | 1145 If you select another match, e.g., with CTRL-N or CTRL-P, you go to the first |
| 1146 state. This doesn't change the list of matches. | |
| 682 | 1147 |
| 825 | 1148 When you are back at the original text then you are in the third state. To |
| 715 | 1149 get there right away you can use a mapping that uses CTRL-P right after |
| 1150 starting the completion: > | |
| 1151 :imap <F7> <C-N><C-P> | |
| 793 | 1152 < |
| 1153 *popupmenu-keys* | |
| 667 | 1154 In the first state these keys have a special meaning: |
| 1155 <BS> and CTRL-H Delete one character, find the matches for the word before | |
| 1156 the cursor. This reduces the list of matches, often to one | |
| 682 | 1157 entry, and switches to the second state. |
| 825 | 1158 Any non-special character: |
| 1159 Stop completion without changing the match and insert the | |
| 1160 typed character. | |
| 665 | 1161 |
| 825 | 1162 In the second and third state these keys have a special meaning: |
| 659 | 1163 <BS> and CTRL-H Delete one character, find the matches for the shorter word |
| 1164 before the cursor. This may find more matches. | |
| 1165 CTRL-L Add one character from the current match, may reduce the | |
| 667 | 1166 number of matches. |
| 682 | 1167 any printable, non-white character: |
| 1168 Add this character and reduce the number of matches. | |
| 667 | 1169 |
| 825 | 1170 In all three states these can be used: |
| 816 | 1171 CTRL-Y Yes: Accept the currently selected match and stop completion. |
| 1121 | 1172 CTRL-E End completion, go back to what was there before selecting a |
| 1173 match (what was typed or longest common string). | |
| 682 | 1174 <PageUp> Select a match several entries back, but don't insert it. |
| 1175 <PageDown> Select a match several entries further, but don't insert it. | |
| 665 | 1176 <Up> Select the previous match, as if CTRL-P was used, but don't |
| 682 | 1177 insert it. |
| 665 | 1178 <Down> Select the next match, as if CTRL-N was used, but don't |
| 682 | 1179 insert it. |
| 1121 | 1180 <Space> or <Tab> Stop completion without changing the match and insert the |
| 825 | 1181 typed character. |
| 1182 | |
| 1203 | 1183 The behavior of the <Enter> key depends on the state you are in: |
| 825 | 1184 first state: Use the text as it is and insert a line break. |
| 1185 second state: Insert the currently selected match. | |
| 1186 third state: Use the text as it is and insert a line break. | |
| 1187 | |
| 1188 In other words: If you used the cursor keys to select another entry in the | |
| 1203 | 1189 list of matches then the <Enter> key inserts that match. If you typed |
| 1190 something else then <Enter> inserts a line break. | |
| 667 | 1191 |
| 540 | 1192 |
| 1193 The colors of the menu can be changed with these highlight groups: | |
| 1194 Pmenu normal item |hl-Pmenu| | |
| 1195 PmenuSel selected item |hl-PmenuSel| | |
| 1196 PmenuSbar scrollbar |hl-PmenuSbar| | |
| 1197 PmenuThumb thumb of the scrollbar |hl-PmenuThumb| | |
| 1198 | |
| 667 | 1199 There are no special mappings for when the popup menu is visible. However, |
| 1200 you can use an Insert mode mapping that checks the |pumvisible()| function to | |
| 1201 do something different. Example: > | |
| 1202 :inoremap <Down> <C-R>=pumvisible() ? "\<lt>C-N>" : "\<lt>Down>"<CR> | |
| 540 | 1203 |
| 723 | 1204 You can use of <expr> in mapping to have the popup menu used when typing a |
| 1205 character and some condition is met. For example, for typing a dot: > | |
| 1206 inoremap <expr> . MayComplete() | |
| 1207 func MayComplete() | |
| 1208 if (can complete) | |
| 1209 return ".\<C-X>\<C-O>" | |
| 1210 endif | |
| 1211 return '.' | |
| 1212 endfunc | |
| 1213 | |
| 1214 See |:map-<expr>| for more info. | |
| 1215 | |
| 667 | 1216 |
| 1217 FILETYPE-SPECIFIC REMARKS FOR OMNI COMPLETION *compl-omni-filetypes* | |
| 1218 | |
| 1219 The file used for {filetype} should be autoload/{filetype}complete.vim | |
| 1220 in 'runtimepath'. Thus for "java" it is autoload/javacomplete.vim. | |
| 519 | 1221 |
| 557 | 1222 |
| 523 | 1223 C *ft-c-omni* |
| 519 | 1224 |
| 523 | 1225 Completion of C code requires a tags file. You should use Exuberant ctags, |
| 1226 because it adds extra information that is needed for completion. You can find | |
| 1121 | 1227 it here: http://ctags.sourceforge.net/ Version 5.6 or later is recommended. |
| 1228 | |
| 523 | 1229 For version 5.5.4 you should add a patch that adds the "typename:" field: |
| 711 | 1230 ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/unstable/patches/ctags-5.5.4.patch |
| 659 | 1231 A compiled .exe for MS-Windows can be found at: |
| 711 | 1232 http://georgevreilly.com/vim/ctags.html |
| 519 | 1233 |
| 1234 If you want to complete system functions you can do something like this. Use | |
| 1235 ctags to generate a tags file for all the system header files: > | |
| 1236 % ctags -R -f ~/.vim/systags /usr/include /usr/local/include | |
| 1237 In your vimrc file add this tags file to the 'tags' option: > | |
| 1238 set tags+=~/.vim/systags | |
| 1239 | |
| 1240 When using CTRL-X CTRL-O after a name without any "." or "->" it is completed | |
| 1241 from the tags file directly. This works for any identifier, also function | |
| 1242 names. If you want to complete a local variable name, which does not appear | |
| 1243 in the tags file, use CTRL-P instead. | |
| 1244 | |
| 1245 When using CTRL-X CTRL-O after something that has "." or "->" Vim will attempt | |
| 1246 to recognize the type of the variable and figure out what members it has. | |
| 1247 This means only members valid for the variable will be listed. | |
| 1248 | |
| 523 | 1249 When a member name already was complete, CTRL-X CTRL-O will add a "." or |
| 1250 "->" for composite types. | |
| 1251 | |
| 519 | 1252 Vim doesn't include a C compiler, only the most obviously formatted |
| 1253 declarations are recognized. Preprocessor stuff may cause confusion. | |
| 1254 When the same structure name appears in multiple places all possible members | |
| 1255 are included. | |
| 1256 | |
| 529 | 1257 |
| 625 | 1258 CSS *ft-css-omni* |
| 557 | 1259 |
| 1260 Complete properties and their appropriate values according to CSS 2.1 | |
| 818 | 1261 specification. |
| 557 | 1262 |
| 1263 | |
| 818 | 1264 HTML *ft-html-omni* |
| 1265 XHTML *ft-xhtml-omni* | |
| 529 | 1266 |
| 667 | 1267 CTRL-X CTRL-O provides completion of various elements of (X)HTML files. It is |
| 1268 designed to support writing of XHTML 1.0 Strict files but will also works for | |
| 1269 other versions of HTML. Features: | |
| 529 | 1270 |
| 667 | 1271 - after "<" complete tag name depending on context (no div suggestion inside |
| 1272 of an a tag); '/>' indicates empty tags | |
| 1273 - inside of tag complete proper attributes (no width attribute for an a tag); | |
| 1274 show also type of attribute; '*' indicates required attributes | |
| 1275 - when attribute has limited number of possible values help to complete them | |
| 557 | 1276 - complete names of entities |
| 532 | 1277 - complete values of "class" and "id" attributes with data obtained from |
| 667 | 1278 <style> tag and included CSS files |
| 659 | 1279 - when completing value of "style" attribute or working inside of "style" tag |
| 532 | 1280 switch to |ft-css-omni| completion |
| 667 | 1281 - when completing values of events attributes or working inside of "script" |
| 1282 tag switch to |ft-javascript-omni| completion | |
| 532 | 1283 - when used after "</" CTRL-X CTRL-O will close the last opened tag |
| 529 | 1284 |
| 557 | 1285 Note: When used first time completion menu will be shown with little delay |
| 818 | 1286 - this is time needed for loading of data file. |
| 659 | 1287 Note: Completion may fail in badly formatted documents. In such case try to |
| 1288 run |:make| command to detect formatting problems. | |
| 557 | 1289 |
| 1290 | |
| 836 | 1291 HTML flavor *html-flavor* |
| 1292 | |
| 859 | 1293 The default HTML completion depends on the filetype. For HTML files it is |
| 1294 HTML 4.01 Transitional ('filetype' is "html"), for XHTML it is XHTML 1.0 | |
| 1295 Strict ('filetype' is "xhtml"). | |
| 836 | 1296 |
| 859 | 1297 When doing completion outside of any other tag you will have possibility to |
| 1298 choose DOCTYPE and the appropriate data file will be loaded and used for all | |
| 1299 next completions. | |
| 836 | 1300 |
| 859 | 1301 More about format of data file in |xml-omni-datafile|. Some of the data files |
| 1302 may be found on the Vim website (|www|). | |
| 836 | 1303 |
| 859 | 1304 Note that b:html_omni_flavor may point to a file with any XML data. This |
| 1305 makes possible to mix PHP (|ft-php-omni|) completion with any XML dialect | |
| 1306 (assuming you have data file for it). Without setting that variable XHTML 1.0 | |
| 1307 Strict will be used. | |
| 836 | 1308 |
| 1309 | |
| 818 | 1310 JAVASCRIPT *ft-javascript-omni* |
| 649 | 1311 |
| 659 | 1312 Completion of most elements of JavaScript language and DOM elements. |
| 649 | 1313 |
| 1314 Complete: | |
| 1315 | |
| 1316 - variables | |
| 667 | 1317 - function name; show function arguments |
| 649 | 1318 - function arguments |
| 1319 - properties of variables trying to detect type of variable | |
| 659 | 1320 - complete DOM objects and properties depending on context |
| 649 | 1321 - keywords of language |
| 1322 | |
| 659 | 1323 Completion works in separate JavaScript files (&ft==javascript), inside of |
| 1324 <script> tag of (X)HTML and in values of event attributes (including scanning | |
| 1325 of external files. | |
| 818 | 1326 |
| 649 | 1327 DOM compatibility |
| 1328 | |
| 1329 At the moment (beginning of 2006) there are two main browsers - MS Internet | |
| 1330 Explorer and Mozilla Firefox. These two applications are covering over 90% of | |
| 1331 market. Theoretically standards are created by W3C organisation | |
| 1332 (http://www.w3c.org) but they are not always followed/implemented. | |
| 1333 | |
| 818 | 1334 IE FF W3C Omni completion ~ |
| 1335 +/- +/- + + ~ | |
| 1336 + + - + ~ | |
| 1337 + - - - ~ | |
| 1338 - + - - ~ | |
| 649 | 1339 |
| 1340 Regardless from state of implementation in browsers but if element is defined | |
| 1341 in standards, completion plugin will place element in suggestion list. When | |
| 1342 both major engines implemented element, even if this is not in standards it | |
| 1343 will be suggested. All other elements are not placed in suggestion list. | |
| 1344 | |
| 1345 | |
| 818 | 1346 PHP *ft-php-omni* |
| 714 | 1347 |
| 1121 | 1348 Completion of PHP code requires a tags file for completion of data from |
| 1349 external files and for class aware completion. You should use Exuberant ctags | |
| 1350 version 5.5.4 or newer. You can find it here: http://ctags.sourceforge.net/ | |
| 714 | 1351 |
| 1352 Script completes: | |
| 1353 | |
| 1354 - after $ variables name | |
| 728 | 1355 - if variable was declared as object add "->", if tags file is available show |
| 1356 name of class | |
| 819 | 1357 - after "->" complete only function and variable names specific for given |
| 1358 class. To find class location and contents tags file is required. Because | |
| 1359 PHP isn't strongly typed language user can use @var tag to declare class: > | |
| 1360 | |
| 856 | 1361 /* @var $myVar myClass */ |
| 819 | 1362 $myVar-> |
| 1363 < | |
| 1364 Still, to find myClass contents tags file is required. | |
| 728 | 1365 |
| 843 | 1366 - function names with additional info: |
| 728 | 1367 - in case of built-in functions list of possible arguments and after | type |
| 1368 data returned by function | |
|
2207
b17bbfa96fa0
Add the settabvar() and gettabvar() functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
1369 - in case of user function arguments and name of file where function was |
| 728 | 1370 defined (if it is not current file) |
| 1371 | |
| 1372 - constants names | |
| 1373 - class names after "new" declaration | |
| 1374 | |
| 714 | 1375 |
| 1376 Note: when doing completion first time Vim will load all necessary data into | |
| 1377 memory. It may take several seconds. After next use of completion delay | |
| 728 | 1378 should not be noticeable. |
| 714 | 1379 |
| 1380 Script detects if cursor is inside <?php ?> tags. If it is outside it will | |
| 1381 automatically switch to HTML/CSS/JavaScript completion. Note: contrary to | |
| 1382 original HTML files completion of tags (and only tags) isn't context aware. | |
| 1383 | |
| 1384 | |
| 856 | 1385 RUBY *ft-ruby-omni* |
| 838 | 1386 |
| 1387 Completion of Ruby code requires that vim be built with |+ruby|. | |
| 1388 | |
| 1389 Ruby completion will parse your buffer on demand in order to provide a list of | |
| 1390 completions. These completions will be drawn from modules loaded by 'require' | |
| 1391 and modules defined in the current buffer. | |
| 1392 | |
| 1393 The completions provided by CTRL-X CTRL-O are sensitive to the context: | |
| 1394 | |
| 856 | 1395 CONTEXT COMPLETIONS PROVIDED ~ |
| 838 | 1396 |
| 1397 1. Not inside a class definition Classes, constants and globals | |
| 1398 | |
| 856 | 1399 2. Inside a class definition Methods or constants defined in the class |
| 838 | 1400 |
| 856 | 1401 3. After '.', '::' or ':' Methods applicable to the object being |
| 1402 dereferenced | |
| 838 | 1403 |
| 856 | 1404 4. After ':' or ':foo' Symbol name (beginning with 'foo') |
| 838 | 1405 |
| 1406 Notes: | |
| 1407 - Vim will load/evaluate code in order to provide completions. This may | |
| 1121 | 1408 cause some code execution, which may be a concern. This is no longer |
| 1409 enabled by default, to enable this feature add > | |
| 1410 let g:rubycomplete_buffer_loading = 1 | |
| 1411 <- In context 1 above, Vim can parse the entire buffer to add a list of | |
| 843 | 1412 classes to the completion results. This feature is turned off by default, |
| 1413 to enable it add > | |
| 1414 let g:rubycomplete_classes_in_global = 1 | |
| 1415 < to your vimrc | |
| 838 | 1416 - In context 2 above, anonymous classes are not supported. |
| 1417 - In context 3 above, Vim will attempt to determine the methods supported by | |
| 1418 the object. | |
| 1419 - Vim can detect and load the Rails environment for files within a rails | |
| 1420 project. The feature is disabled by default, to enable it add > | |
| 843 | 1421 let g:rubycomplete_rails = 1 |
| 1422 < to your vimrc | |
| 838 | 1423 |
| 1424 | |
| 625 | 1425 SYNTAX *ft-syntax-omni* |
| 1426 | |
| 1121 | 1427 Vim has the ability to color syntax highlight nearly 500 languages. Part of |
| 1428 this highlighting includes knowing what keywords are part of a language. Many | |
| 1429 filetypes already have custom completion scripts written for them, the | |
| 1430 syntaxcomplete plugin provides basic completion for all other filetypes. It | |
| 1431 does this by populating the omni completion list with the text Vim already | |
| 1432 knows how to color highlight. It can be used for any filetype and provides a | |
| 1433 minimal language-sensitive completion. | |
| 625 | 1434 |
| 702 | 1435 To enable syntax code completion you can run: > |
| 818 | 1436 setlocal omnifunc=syntaxcomplete#Complete |
| 702 | 1437 |
| 1438 You can automate this by placing the following in your vimrc (after any | |
| 1439 ":filetype" command): > | |
| 1440 if has("autocmd") && exists("+omnifunc") | |
| 818 | 1441 autocmd Filetype * |
| 1442 \ if &omnifunc == "" | | |
| 1443 \ setlocal omnifunc=syntaxcomplete#Complete | | |
| 1444 \ endif | |
| 702 | 1445 endif |
| 1446 | |
| 1447 The above will set completion to this script only if a specific plugin does | |
| 1448 not already exist for that filetype. | |
| 1449 | |
| 1450 Each filetype can have a wide range of syntax items. The plugin allows you to | |
| 1451 customize which syntax groups to include or exclude from the list. Let's have | |
| 1452 a look at the PHP filetype to see how this works. | |
| 1453 | |
| 1454 If you edit a file called, index.php, run the following command: > | |
| 1455 :syntax list | |
| 625 | 1456 |
|
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|
1457 The first thing you will notice is that there are many different syntax groups. |
|
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|
1458 The PHP language can include elements from different languages like HTML, |
| 702 | 1459 JavaScript and many more. The syntax plugin will only include syntax groups |
| 1460 that begin with the filetype, "php", in this case. For example these syntax | |
| 1461 groups are included by default with the PHP: phpEnvVar, phpIntVar, | |
| 1462 phpFunctions. | |
| 1463 | |
| 1464 The PHP language has an enormous number of items which it knows how to syntax | |
| 1465 highlight. This means these items will be available within the omni | |
| 1466 completion list. Some people may find this list unwieldy or are only | |
| 1467 interested in certain items. | |
| 625 | 1468 |
| 702 | 1469 There are two ways to prune this list (if necessary). If you find certain |
| 1470 syntax groups you do not wish displayed you can add the following to your | |
| 1471 vimrc: > | |
| 1472 let g:omni_syntax_group_exclude_php = 'phpCoreConstant,phpConstant' | |
| 1473 | |
| 1474 Add as many syntax groups to this list by comma separating them. The basic | |
| 1475 form of this variable is: > | |
| 1476 let g:omni_syntax_group_exclude_{filetype} = 'comma,separated,list' | |
| 1477 | |
| 1478 For completeness the opposite is also true. Creating this variable in your | |
| 1479 vimrc will only include the items in the phpFunctions and phpMethods syntax | |
| 1480 groups: > | |
| 1481 let g:omni_syntax_group_include_php = 'phpFunctions,phpMethods' | |
| 1482 | |
| 1483 You can create as many of these variables as you need, varying only the | |
| 1484 filetype at the end of the variable name. | |
| 625 | 1485 |
| 1121 | 1486 The plugin uses the isKeyword option to determine where word boundaries are |
| 1487 for the syntax items. For example, in the Scheme language completion should | |
| 1488 include the "-", call-with-output-file. Depending on your filetype, this may | |
| 1489 not provide the words you are expecting. Setting the | |
| 1490 g:omni_syntax_use_iskeyword option to 0 will force the syntax plugin to break | |
| 1491 on word characters. This can be controlled adding the following to your | |
| 1492 vimrc: > | |
| 1493 let g:omni_syntax_use_iskeyword = 0 | |
| 1494 | |
| 2439 | 1495 For plugin developers, the plugin exposes a public function OmniSyntaxList. |
| 1496 This function can be used to request a List of syntax items. When editing a | |
| 1497 SQL file (:e syntax.sql) you can use the ":syntax list" command to see the | |
| 1498 various groups and syntax items. For example: > | |
| 1499 syntax list | |
| 1500 | |
| 1501 Yields data similar to this: > | |
| 1502 sqlOperator xxx some prior all like and any escape exists in is not | |
| 1503 or intersect minus between distinct | |
| 1504 links to Operator | |
| 1505 sqlType xxx varbit varchar nvarchar bigint int uniqueidentifier | |
| 1506 date money long tinyint unsigned xml text smalldate | |
| 1507 double datetime nchar smallint numeric time bit char | |
| 1508 varbinary binary smallmoney | |
| 1509 image float integer timestamp real decimal | |
| 1510 | |
| 1511 There are two syntax groups listed here: sqlOperator and sqlType. To retrieve | |
| 1512 a List of syntax items you can call OmniSyntaxList a number of different | |
| 1513 ways. To retrieve all syntax items regardless of syntax group: > | |
| 1514 echo OmniSyntaxList( [] ) | |
| 1515 | |
| 1516 To retrieve only the syntax items for the sqlOperator syntax group: > | |
| 1517 echo OmniSyntaxList( ['sqlOperator'] ) | |
| 1518 | |
| 1519 To retrieve all syntax items for both the sqlOperator and sqlType groups: > | |
| 1520 echo OmniSyntaxList( ['sqlOperator', 'sqlType'] ) | |
| 1521 | |
| 1522 From within a plugin, you would typically assign the output to a List: > | |
| 1523 let myKeywords = [] | |
| 1524 let myKeywords = OmniSyntaxList( ['sqlKeyword'] ) | |
| 1525 | |
| 1526 | |
| 625 | 1527 |
| 818 | 1528 SQL *ft-sql-omni* |
| 1529 | |
| 1530 Completion for the SQL language includes statements, functions, keywords. | |
| 1531 It will also dynamically complete tables, procedures, views and column lists | |
| 1532 with data pulled directly from within a database. For detailed instructions | |
| 1533 and a tutorial see |omni-sql-completion|. | |
| 1534 | |
| 819 | 1535 The SQL completion plugin can be used in conjunction with other completion |
|
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diff
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|
1536 plugins. For example, the PHP filetype has its own completion plugin. |
| 819 | 1537 Since PHP is often used to generate dynamic website by accessing a database, |
| 1538 the SQL completion plugin can also be enabled. This allows you to complete | |
| 1539 PHP code and SQL code at the same time. | |
| 1540 | |
| 818 | 1541 |
| 625 | 1542 XML *ft-xml-omni* |
| 557 | 1543 |
| 859 | 1544 Vim 7 provides a mechanism for context aware completion of XML files. It |
| 1545 depends on a special |xml-omni-datafile| and two commands: |:XMLns| and | |
| 1546 |:XMLent|. Features are: | |
| 557 | 1547 |
| 859 | 1548 - after "<" complete the tag name, depending on context |
| 1549 - inside of a tag complete proper attributes | |
| 1550 - when an attribute has a limited number of possible values help to complete | |
| 557 | 1551 them |
| 859 | 1552 - complete names of entities (defined in |xml-omni-datafile| and in the |
| 1553 current file with "<!ENTITY" declarations) | |
| 557 | 1554 - when used after "</" CTRL-X CTRL-O will close the last opened tag |
| 1555 | |
| 625 | 1556 Format of XML data file *xml-omni-datafile* |
| 557 | 1557 |
| 859 | 1558 XML data files are stored in the "autoload/xml" directory in 'runtimepath'. |
| 1559 Vim distribution provides examples of data files in the | |
| 1560 "$VIMRUNTIME/autoload/xml" directory. They have a meaningful name which will | |
| 1561 be used in commands. It should be a unique name which will not create | |
| 1562 conflicts. For example, the name xhtml10s.vim means it is the data file for | |
| 1563 XHTML 1.0 Strict. | |
| 557 | 1564 |
| 859 | 1565 Each file contains a variable with a name like g:xmldata_xhtml10s . It is |
| 1566 a compound from two parts: | |
| 557 | 1567 |
| 859 | 1568 1. "g:xmldata_" general prefix, constant for all data files |
| 1569 2. "xhtml10s" the name of the file and the name of the described XML | |
| 1570 dialect; it will be used as an argument for the |:XMLns| | |
| 1571 command | |
| 557 | 1572 |
| 1573 Part two must be exactly the same as name of file. | |
| 1574 | |
| 859 | 1575 The variable is a |Dictionary|. Keys are tag names and each value is a two |
| 1576 element |List|. The first element of the List is also a List with the names | |
| 1577 of possible children. The second element is a |Dictionary| with the names of | |
| 1578 attributes as keys and the possible values of attributes as values. Example: > | |
| 557 | 1579 |
| 859 | 1580 let g:xmldata_crippled = { |
| 1581 \ "vimxmlentities": ["amp", "lt", "gt", "apos", "quot"], | |
| 1582 \ 'vimxmlroot': ['tag1'], | |
| 1583 \ 'tag1': | |
| 1584 \ [ ['childoftag1a', 'childoftag1b'], {'attroftag1a': [], | |
| 1585 \ 'attroftag1b': ['valueofattr1', 'valueofattr2']}], | |
| 1586 \ 'childoftag1a': | |
| 1587 \ [ [], {'attrofchild': ['attrofchild']}], | |
| 1588 \ 'childoftag1b': | |
| 1589 \ [ ['childoftag1a'], {'attrofchild': []}], | |
| 667 | 1590 \ "vimxmltaginfo": { |
| 859 | 1591 \ 'tag1': ['Menu info', 'Long information visible in preview window']}, |
| 1592 \ 'vimxmlattrinfo': { | |
| 1593 \ 'attrofchild': ['Menu info', 'Long information visible in preview window']}} | |
| 557 | 1594 |
| 859 | 1595 This example would be put in the "autoload/xml/crippled.vim" file and could |
| 1596 help to write this file: > | |
| 557 | 1597 |
| 859 | 1598 <tag1 attroftag1b="valueofattr1"> |
| 1599 <childoftag1a attrofchild> | |
| 1600 & < | |
| 1601 </childoftag1a> | |
| 1602 <childoftag1b attrofchild="5"> | |
| 1603 <childoftag1a> | |
| 1604 > ' " | |
| 1605 </childoftag1a> | |
| 1606 </childoftag1b> | |
| 1607 </tag1> | |
| 1608 | |
| 1609 In the example four special elements are visible: | |
| 1610 | |
| 1611 1. "vimxmlentities" - a special key with List containing entities of this XML | |
| 557 | 1612 dialect. |
| 859 | 1613 2. If the list containing possible values of attributes has one element and |
| 1614 this element is equal to the name of the attribute this attribute will be | |
| 1615 treated as boolean and inserted as 'attrname' and not as 'attrname="' | |
| 1616 3. "vimxmltaginfo" - a special key with a Dictionary containing tag | |
| 1617 names as keys and two element List as values, for additional menu info and | |
| 1618 the long description. | |
| 1619 4. "vimxmlattrinfo" - special key with Dictionary containing attribute names | |
| 1620 as keys and two element List as values, for additional menu info and long | |
| 667 | 1621 description. |
| 557 | 1622 |
| 859 | 1623 Note: Tag names in the data file MUST not contain a namespace description. |
| 1624 Check xsl.vim for an example. | |
| 1625 Note: All data and functions are publicly available as global | |
| 1626 variables/functions and can be used for personal editing functions. | |
| 557 | 1627 |
| 667 | 1628 |
| 856 | 1629 DTD -> Vim *dtd2vim* |
| 836 | 1630 |
| 859 | 1631 On |www| is the script |dtd2vim| which parses DTD and creates an XML data file |
| 836 | 1632 for Vim XML omni completion. |
| 1633 | |
| 1634 dtd2vim: http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1462 | |
| 1635 | |
| 859 | 1636 Check the beginning of that file for usage details. |
| 1637 The script requires perl and: | |
| 836 | 1638 |
| 1639 perlSGML: http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/perlsgml | |
| 1640 | |
| 1641 | |
| 557 | 1642 Commands |
| 1643 | |
| 625 | 1644 :XMLns {name} [{namespace}] *:XMLns* |
| 557 | 1645 |
| 859 | 1646 Vim has to know which data file should be used and with which namespace. For |
| 1647 loading of the data file and connecting data with the proper namespace use | |
| 1648 |:XMLns| command. The first (obligatory) argument is the name of the data | |
| 1649 (xhtml10s, xsl). The second argument is the code of namespace (h, xsl). When | |
| 1650 used without a second argument the dialect will be used as default - without | |
| 1651 namespace declaration. For example to use XML completion in .xsl files: > | |
| 557 | 1652 |
| 1653 :XMLns xhtml10s | |
| 1654 :XMLns xsl xsl | |
| 1655 | |
| 1656 | |
| 625 | 1657 :XMLent {name} *:XMLent* |
| 557 | 1658 |
| 859 | 1659 By default entities will be completed from the data file of the default |
| 1660 namespace. The XMLent command should be used in case when there is no default | |
| 1661 namespace: > | |
| 557 | 1662 |
| 625 | 1663 :XMLent xhtml10s |
| 557 | 1664 |
| 1665 Usage | |
| 1666 | |
| 859 | 1667 While used in this situation (after declarations from previous part, | is |
| 557 | 1668 cursor position): > |
| 1669 | |
| 625 | 1670 <| |
| 557 | 1671 |
| 859 | 1672 Will complete to an appropriate XHTML tag, and in this situation: > |
| 557 | 1673 |
| 625 | 1674 <xsl:| |
| 557 | 1675 |
| 859 | 1676 Will complete to an appropriate XSL tag. |
| 1677 | |
| 557 | 1678 |
| 859 | 1679 The script xmlcomplete.vim, provided through the |autoload| mechanism, |
| 1680 has the xmlcomplete#GetLastOpenTag() function which can be used in XML files | |
| 1681 to get the name of the last open tag (b:unaryTagsStack has to be defined): > | |
| 529 | 1682 |
| 625 | 1683 :echo xmlcomplete#GetLastOpenTag("b:unaryTagsStack") |
| 531 | 1684 |
| 529 | 1685 |
| 532 | 1686 |
| 7 | 1687 ============================================================================== |
| 1688 8. Insert mode commands *inserting* | |
| 1689 | |
| 1690 The following commands can be used to insert new text into the buffer. They | |
| 1691 can all be undone and repeated with the "." command. | |
| 1692 | |
| 1693 *a* | |
| 1694 a Append text after the cursor [count] times. If the | |
| 1695 cursor is in the first column of an empty line Insert | |
| 1696 starts there. But not when 'virtualedit' is set! | |
| 1697 | |
| 1698 *A* | |
| 1699 A Append text at the end of the line [count] times. | |
| 1700 | |
| 1701 <insert> or *i* *insert* *<Insert>* | |
| 1702 i Insert text before the cursor [count] times. | |
| 1703 When using CTRL-O in Insert mode |i_CTRL-O| the count | |
| 1704 is not supported. | |
| 1705 | |
| 1706 *I* | |
| 1707 I Insert text before the first non-blank in the line | |
| 1708 [count] times. | |
| 164 | 1709 When the 'H' flag is present in 'cpoptions' and the |
| 1710 line only contains blanks, insert start just before | |
| 1711 the last blank. | |
| 7 | 1712 |
| 1713 *gI* | |
| 1714 gI Insert text in column 1 [count] times. {not in Vi} | |
| 1715 | |
| 1716 *gi* | |
| 1717 gi Insert text in the same position as where Insert mode | |
| 1718 was stopped last time in the current buffer. | |
| 1719 This uses the |'^| mark. It's different from "`^i" | |
| 1720 when the mark is past the end of the line. | |
| 1721 The position is corrected for inserted/deleted lines, | |
| 1722 but NOT for inserted/deleted characters. | |
| 1723 When the |:keepjumps| command modifier is used the |'^| | |
| 9 | 1724 mark won't be changed. |
| 7 | 1725 {not in Vi} |
| 1726 | |
| 1727 *o* | |
| 1728 o Begin a new line below the cursor and insert text, | |
| 1729 repeat [count] times. {Vi: blank [count] screen | |
| 1730 lines} | |
| 164 | 1731 When the '#' flag is in 'cpoptions' the count is |
| 1732 ignored. | |
| 7 | 1733 |
| 1734 *O* | |
| 1735 O Begin a new line above the cursor and insert text, | |
| 1736 repeat [count] times. {Vi: blank [count] screen | |
| 1737 lines} | |
| 164 | 1738 When the '#' flag is in 'cpoptions' the count is |
| 1739 ignored. | |
| 7 | 1740 |
| 1741 These commands are used to start inserting text. You can end insert mode with | |
| 1742 <Esc>. See |mode-ins-repl| for the other special characters in Insert mode. | |
| 1743 The effect of [count] takes place after Insert mode is exited. | |
| 1744 | |
| 1745 When 'autoindent' is on, the indent for a new line is obtained from the | |
| 1746 previous line. When 'smartindent' or 'cindent' is on, the indent for a line | |
| 1747 is automatically adjusted for C programs. | |
| 1748 | |
| 1749 'textwidth' can be set to the maximum width for a line. When a line becomes | |
| 1750 too long when appending characters a line break is automatically inserted. | |
| 1751 | |
| 1752 | |
| 1753 ============================================================================== | |
| 1754 9. Ex insert commands *inserting-ex* | |
| 1755 | |
| 1756 *:a* *:append* | |
| 167 | 1757 :{range}a[ppend][!] Insert several lines of text below the specified |
| 7 | 1758 line. If the {range} is missing, the text will be |
| 1759 inserted after the current line. | |
| 167 | 1760 Adding [!] toggles 'autoindent' for the time this |
| 1761 command is executed. | |
| 7 | 1762 |
| 1763 *:i* *:in* *:insert* | |
| 167 | 1764 :{range}i[nsert][!] Insert several lines of text above the specified |
| 7 | 1765 line. If the {range} is missing, the text will be |
| 1766 inserted before the current line. | |
| 167 | 1767 Adding [!] toggles 'autoindent' for the time this |
| 1768 command is executed. | |
| 7 | 1769 |
| 1770 These two commands will keep on asking for lines, until you type a line | |
| 1771 containing only a ".". Watch out for lines starting with a backslash, see | |
| 1772 |line-continuation|. | |
|
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parents:
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diff
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1773 |
| 2596 | 1774 When in Ex mode (see |-e|) a backslash at the end of the line can be used to |
| 1775 insert a NUL character. To be able to have a line ending in a backslash use | |
| 1776 two backslashes. This means that the number of backslashes is halved, but | |
| 1777 only at the end of the line. | |
| 1778 | |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
1779 NOTE: These commands cannot be used with |:global| or |:vglobal|. |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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|
1780 ":append" and ":insert" don't work properly in between ":if" and |
| 74 | 1781 ":endif", ":for" and ":endfor", ":while" and ":endwhile". |
| 7 | 1782 |
| 1783 *:start* *:startinsert* | |
| 1784 :star[tinsert][!] Start Insert mode just after executing this command. | |
| 1785 Works like typing "i" in Normal mode. When the ! is | |
| 1786 included it works like "A", append to the line. | |
| 1787 Otherwise insertion starts at the cursor position. | |
| 1788 Note that when using this command in a function or | |
| 1789 script, the insertion only starts after the function | |
| 1790 or script is finished. | |
| 446 | 1791 This command does not work from |:normal|. |
| 7 | 1792 {not in Vi} |
|
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2561
diff
changeset
|
1793 {not available when compiled without the |+ex_extra| |
| 7 | 1794 feature} |
| 1795 | |
| 1796 *:stopi* *:stopinsert* | |
| 1797 :stopi[nsert] Stop Insert mode as soon as possible. Works like | |
| 1798 typing <Esc> in Insert mode. | |
| 1799 Can be used in an autocommand, example: > | |
| 1800 :au BufEnter scratch stopinsert | |
| 14 | 1801 < |
| 1802 *replacing-ex* *:startreplace* | |
| 1803 :startr[eplace][!] Start Replace mode just after executing this command. | |
| 1804 Works just like typing "R" in Normal mode. When the | |
| 1805 ! is included it acts just like "$R" had been typed | |
| 1806 (ie. begin replace mode at the end-of-line). Other- | |
| 1807 wise replacement begins at the cursor position. | |
| 1808 Note that when using this command in a function or | |
| 1809 script that the replacement will only start after | |
| 1810 the function or script is finished. | |
| 1811 {not in Vi} | |
|
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|
1812 {not available when compiled without the |+ex_extra| |
| 14 | 1813 feature} |
| 7 | 1814 |
| 599 | 1815 *:startgreplace* |
| 1816 :startg[replace][!] Just like |:startreplace|, but use Virtual Replace | |
| 1817 mode, like with |gR|. | |
| 1818 {not in Vi} | |
|
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|
1819 {not available when compiled without the |+ex_extra| |
| 599 | 1820 feature} |
| 1821 | |
| 7 | 1822 ============================================================================== |
| 1823 10. Inserting a file *inserting-file* | |
| 1824 | |
| 1825 *:r* *:re* *:read* | |
| 819 | 1826 :r[ead] [++opt] [name] |
| 1827 Insert the file [name] (default: current file) below | |
| 7 | 1828 the cursor. |
| 819 | 1829 See |++opt| for the possible values of [++opt]. |
| 7 | 1830 |
| 819 | 1831 :{range}r[ead] [++opt] [name] |
| 1832 Insert the file [name] (default: current file) below | |
| 7 | 1833 the specified line. |
| 819 | 1834 See |++opt| for the possible values of [++opt]. |
| 7 | 1835 |
| 1836 *:r!* *:read!* | |
| 1121 | 1837 :[range]r[ead] !{cmd} Execute {cmd} and insert its standard output below |
| 1838 the cursor or the specified line. A temporary file is | |
| 1839 used to store the output of the command which is then | |
| 1840 read into the buffer. 'shellredir' is used to save | |
| 1841 the output of the command, which can be set to include | |
| 1842 stderr or not. {cmd} is executed like with ":!{cmd}", | |
| 1843 any '!' is replaced with the previous command |:!|. | |
| 7 | 1844 |
| 1845 These commands insert the contents of a file, or the output of a command, | |
| 1846 into the buffer. They can be undone. They cannot be repeated with the "." | |
| 1847 command. They work on a line basis, insertion starts below the line in which | |
| 1848 the cursor is, or below the specified line. To insert text above the first | |
| 1849 line use the command ":0r {name}". | |
| 1850 | |
| 1851 After the ":read" command, the cursor is left on the first non-blank in the | |
| 1852 first new line. Unless in Ex mode, then the cursor is left on the last new | |
| 1853 line (sorry, this is Vi compatible). | |
| 1854 | |
| 1855 If a file name is given with ":r", it becomes the alternate file. This can be | |
| 1856 used, for example, when you want to edit that file instead: ":e! #". This can | |
| 1857 be switched off by removing the 'a' flag from the 'cpoptions' option. | |
| 1858 | |
| 819 | 1859 Of the [++opt] arguments one is specifically for ":read", the ++edit argument. |
| 1860 This is useful when the ":read" command is actually used to read a file into | |
| 1861 the buffer as if editing that file. Use this command in an empty buffer: > | |
| 1862 :read ++edit filename | |
| 1863 The effect is that the 'fileformat', 'fileencoding', 'bomb', etc. options are | |
| 1864 set to what has been detected for "filename". Note that a single empty line | |
| 1865 remains, you may want to delete it. | |
| 1866 | |
| 7 | 1867 *file-read* |
| 1868 The 'fileformat' option sets the <EOL> style for a file: | |
| 1869 'fileformat' characters name ~ | |
| 1870 "dos" <CR><NL> or <NL> DOS format | |
| 1871 "unix" <NL> Unix format | |
| 1872 "mac" <CR> Mac format | |
| 1873 Previously 'textmode' was used. It is obsolete now. | |
| 1874 | |
| 1875 If 'fileformat' is "dos", a <CR> in front of an <NL> is ignored and a CTRL-Z | |
| 1876 at the end of the file is ignored. | |
| 1877 | |
| 1878 If 'fileformat' is "mac", a <NL> in the file is internally represented by a | |
| 1879 <CR>. This is to avoid confusion with a <NL> which is used to represent a | |
| 1880 <NUL>. See |CR-used-for-NL|. | |
| 1881 | |
| 1882 If the 'fileformats' option is not empty Vim tries to recognize the type of | |
| 1883 <EOL> (see |file-formats|). However, the 'fileformat' option will not be | |
| 1884 changed, the detected format is only used while reading the file. | |
| 1885 A similar thing happens with 'fileencodings'. | |
| 1886 | |
| 1887 On non-MS-DOS, Win32, and OS/2 systems the message "[dos format]" is shown if | |
| 1888 a file is read in DOS format, to remind you that something unusual is done. | |
| 1889 On Macintosh, MS-DOS, Win32, and OS/2 the message "[unix format]" is shown if | |
| 1890 a file is read in Unix format. | |
| 1891 On non-Macintosh systems, the message "[Mac format]" is shown if a file is | |
| 1892 read in Mac format. | |
| 1893 | |
| 1894 An example on how to use ":r !": > | |
| 1895 :r !uuencode binfile binfile | |
| 1896 This command reads "binfile", uuencodes it and reads it into the current | |
| 1897 buffer. Useful when you are editing e-mail and want to include a binary | |
| 1898 file. | |
| 1899 | |
| 1900 *read-messages* | |
| 1901 When reading a file Vim will display a message with information about the read | |
| 1902 file. In the table is an explanation for some of the items. The others are | |
| 1903 self explanatory. Using the long or the short version depends on the | |
| 1904 'shortmess' option. | |
| 1905 | |
| 1906 long short meaning ~ | |
| 1907 [readonly] {RO} the file is write protected | |
| 1908 [fifo/socket] using a stream | |
| 1909 [fifo] using a fifo stream | |
| 1910 [socket] using a socket stream | |
| 1911 [CR missing] reading with "dos" 'fileformat' and a | |
| 1912 NL without a preceding CR was found. | |
| 1913 [NL found] reading with "mac" 'fileformat' and a | |
| 1914 NL was found (could be "unix" format) | |
| 1915 [long lines split] at least one line was split in two | |
| 1916 [NOT converted] conversion from 'fileencoding' to | |
| 1917 'encoding' was desired but not | |
| 1918 possible | |
| 1919 [converted] conversion from 'fileencoding' to | |
| 1920 'encoding' done | |
| 1921 [crypted] file was decrypted | |
| 1922 [READ ERRORS] not all of the file could be read | |
| 1923 | |
| 1924 | |
| 1925 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |