Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/various.txt @ 3750:536aa8b0c934
Update runtime files.
| author | Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 15 Aug 2012 17:43:31 +0200 |
| parents | af1e8a1714c2 |
| children | b3f3237a3d72 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 3750 | 1 *various.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2012 Aug 03 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Various commands *various* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 1. Various commands |various-cmds| | |
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10 2. Using Vim like less or more |less| |
| 7 | 11 |
| 12 ============================================================================== | |
| 13 1. Various commands *various-cmds* | |
| 14 | |
| 15 *CTRL-L* | |
| 348 | 16 CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen. The redraw may happen |
| 17 later, after processing typeahead. | |
| 7 | 18 |
| 19 *:redr* *:redraw* | |
| 20 :redr[aw][!] Redraw the screen right now. When ! is included it is | |
| 21 cleared first. | |
| 22 Useful to update the screen halfway executing a script | |
| 23 or function. Also when halfway a mapping and | |
| 24 'lazyredraw' is set. | |
| 25 | |
| 26 *:redraws* *:redrawstatus* | |
| 27 :redraws[tatus][!] Redraw the status line of the current window. When ! | |
| 28 is included all status lines are redrawn. | |
| 29 Useful to update the status line(s) when 'statusline' | |
| 30 includes an item that doesn't cause automatic | |
| 31 updating. | |
| 32 | |
| 33 *N<Del>* | |
| 34 <Del> When entering a number: Remove the last digit. | |
| 35 Note: if you like to use <BS> for this, add this | |
| 36 mapping to your .vimrc: > | |
| 37 :map CTRL-V <BS> CTRL-V <Del> | |
| 38 < See |:fixdel| if your <Del> key does not do what you | |
| 39 want. | |
| 40 | |
| 41 :as[cii] or *ga* *:as* *:ascii* | |
| 42 ga Print the ascii value of the character under the | |
| 43 cursor in decimal, hexadecimal and octal. For | |
| 44 example, when the cursor is on a 'R': | |
| 45 <R> 82, Hex 52, Octal 122 ~ | |
| 46 When the character is a non-standard ASCII character, | |
| 47 but printable according to the 'isprint' option, the | |
| 48 non-printable version is also given. When the | |
| 49 character is larger than 127, the <M-x> form is also | |
| 50 printed. For example: | |
| 51 <~A> <M-^A> 129, Hex 81, Octal 201 ~ | |
| 52 <p> <|~> <M-~> 254, Hex fe, Octal 376 ~ | |
| 53 (where <p> is a special character) | |
| 54 The <Nul> character in a file is stored internally as | |
| 55 <NL>, but it will be shown as: | |
| 56 <^@> 0, Hex 00, Octal 000 ~ | |
| 714 | 57 If the character has composing characters these are |
| 58 also shown. The value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. | |
| 7 | 59 Mnemonic: Get Ascii value. {not in Vi} |
| 60 | |
| 61 *g8* | |
| 62 g8 Print the hex values of the bytes used in the | |
| 63 character under the cursor, assuming it is in |UTF-8| | |
| 714 | 64 encoding. This also shows composing characters. The |
| 65 value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. | |
| 66 Example of a character with two composing characters: | |
| 7 | 67 e0 b8 81 + e0 b8 b9 + e0 b9 89 ~ |
| 777 | 68 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte| |
| 69 feature} | |
| 70 | |
| 71 *8g8* | |
| 72 8g8 Find an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence at or after the | |
| 73 cursor. This works in two situations: | |
| 74 1. when 'encoding' is any 8-bit encoding | |
| 75 2. when 'encoding' is "utf-8" and 'fileencoding' is | |
| 76 any 8-bit encoding | |
| 77 Thus it can be used when editing a file that was | |
| 78 supposed to be UTF-8 but was read as if it is an 8-bit | |
| 79 encoding because it contains illegal bytes. | |
| 80 Does not wrap around the end of the file. | |
| 81 Note that when the cursor is on an illegal byte or the | |
| 82 cursor is halfway a multi-byte character the command | |
| 83 won't move the cursor. | |
| 84 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte| | |
| 85 feature} | |
| 7 | 86 |
| 843 | 87 *:p* *:pr* *:print* *E749* |
| 169 | 88 :[range]p[rint] [flags] |
| 89 Print [range] lines (default current line). | |
| 7 | 90 Note: If you are looking for a way to print your text |
| 169 | 91 on paper see |:hardcopy|. In the GUI you can use the |
| 92 File.Print menu entry. | |
| 93 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. | |
| 7 | 94 |
| 169 | 95 :[range]p[rint] {count} [flags] |
| 7 | 96 Print {count} lines, starting with [range] (default |
| 97 current line |cmdline-ranges|). | |
| 169 | 98 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 99 |
| 100 *:P* *:Print* | |
| 169 | 101 :[range]P[rint] [count] [flags] |
| 7 | 102 Just as ":print". Was apparently added to Vi for |
| 103 people that keep the shift key pressed too long... | |
| 2642 | 104 Note: A user command can overrule this command. |
| 169 | 105 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 106 |
| 107 *:l* *:list* | |
| 169 | 108 :[range]l[ist] [count] [flags] |
| 7 | 109 Same as :print, but display unprintable characters |
| 2458 | 110 with '^' and put $ after the line. This can be |
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111 further changed with the 'listchars' option. |
| 169 | 112 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 113 |
| 114 *:nu* *:number* | |
| 169 | 115 :[range]nu[mber] [count] [flags] |
| 7 | 116 Same as :print, but precede each line with its line |
| 677 | 117 number. (See also 'highlight' and 'numberwidth' |
| 118 option). | |
| 169 | 119 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 120 |
| 121 *:#* | |
| 169 | 122 :[range]# [count] [flags] |
| 123 synonym for :number. | |
| 7 | 124 |
| 1125 | 125 *:#!* |
| 126 :#!{anything} Ignored, so that you can start a Vim script with: > | |
| 1624 | 127 #!vim -S |
| 1125 | 128 echo "this is a Vim script" |
| 129 quit | |
| 130 < | |
| 7 | 131 *:z* *E144* |
| 132 :{range}z[+-^.=]{count} Display several lines of text surrounding the line | |
| 133 specified with {range}, or around the current line | |
| 134 if there is no {range}. If there is a {count}, that's | |
| 164 | 135 how many lines you'll see; if there is only one window |
| 2725 | 136 then twice the value of the 'scroll' option is used, |
| 137 otherwise the current window height minus 3 is used. | |
| 7 | 138 |
| 3237 | 139 If there is a {count} the 'window' option is set to |
| 140 its value. | |
| 141 | |
| 7 | 142 :z can be used either alone or followed by any of |
| 143 several punctuation marks. These have the following | |
| 144 effect: | |
| 145 | |
| 2725 | 146 mark first line last line new cursor line ~ |
| 7 | 147 ---- ---------- --------- ------------ |
| 148 + current line 1 scr forward 1 scr forward | |
| 149 - 1 scr back current line current line | |
| 150 ^ 2 scr back 1 scr back 1 scr back | |
| 159 | 151 . 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd 1/2 scr fwd |
| 152 = 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd current line | |
| 7 | 153 |
| 154 Specifying no mark at all is the same as "+". | |
| 155 If the mark is "=", a line of dashes is printed | |
| 156 around the current line. | |
| 157 | |
| 158 :{range}z#[+-^.=]{count} *:z#* | |
| 159 Like ":z", but number the lines. | |
| 160 {not in all versions of Vi, not with these arguments} | |
| 161 | |
| 162 *:=* | |
| 169 | 163 := [flags] Print the last line number. |
| 164 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. | |
| 7 | 165 |
| 169 | 166 :{range}= [flags] Prints the last line number in {range}. For example, |
| 7 | 167 this prints the current line number: > |
| 168 :.= | |
| 169 | 169 < See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 170 |
| 171 :norm[al][!] {commands} *:norm* *:normal* | |
| 172 Execute Normal mode commands {commands}. This makes | |
| 173 it possible to execute Normal mode commands typed on | |
| 2596 | 174 the command-line. {commands} are executed like they |
| 175 are typed. For undo all commands are undone together. | |
| 1125 | 176 Execution stops when an error is encountered. |
| 7 | 177 If the [!] is given, mappings will not be used. |
| 178 {commands} should be a complete command. If | |
| 179 {commands} does not finish a command, the last one | |
| 180 will be aborted as if <Esc> or <C-C> was typed. | |
| 181 The display isn't updated while ":normal" is busy. | |
| 182 This implies that an insert command must be completed | |
| 183 (to start Insert mode, see |:startinsert|). A ":" | |
| 161 | 184 command must be completed as well. And you can't use |
| 185 "Q" or "gQ" to start Ex mode. | |
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186 {commands} cannot start with a space. Put a count of |
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187 1 (one) before it, "1 " is one space. |
| 7 | 188 The 'insertmode' option is ignored for {commands}. |
| 189 This command cannot be followed by another command, | |
| 190 since any '|' is considered part of the command. | |
| 191 This command can be used recursively, but the depth is | |
| 192 limited by 'maxmapdepth'. | |
| 193 When this command is called from a non-remappable | |
| 194 mapping |:noremap|, the argument can be mapped anyway. | |
| 195 An alternative is to use |:execute|, which uses an | |
| 196 expression as argument. This allows the use of | |
| 2264 | 197 printable characters to represent special characters. |
| 198 Example: > | |
| 7 | 199 :exe "normal \<c-w>\<c-w>" |
| 200 < {not in Vi, of course} | |
| 201 {not available when the |+ex_extra| feature was | |
| 202 disabled at compile time} | |
| 203 | |
| 204 :{range}norm[al][!] {commands} *:normal-range* | |
| 205 Execute Normal mode commands {commands} for each line | |
| 206 in the {range}. Before executing the {commands}, the | |
| 207 cursor is positioned in the first column of the range, | |
| 208 for each line. Otherwise it's the same as the | |
| 209 ":normal" command without a range. | |
| 210 {not in Vi} | |
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211 {not available when |+ex_extra| feature was disabled |
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212 at compile time} |
| 7 | 213 |
| 214 *:sh* *:shell* *E371* | |
| 215 :sh[ell] This command starts a shell. When the shell exits | |
| 216 (after the "exit" command) you return to Vim. The | |
| 217 name for the shell command comes from 'shell' option. | |
| 218 *E360* | |
| 219 Note: This doesn't work when Vim on the Amiga was | |
| 220 started in QuickFix mode from a compiler, because the | |
| 221 compiler will have set stdin to a non-interactive | |
| 222 mode. | |
| 223 | |
| 224 *:!cmd* *:!* *E34* | |
| 225 :!{cmd} Execute {cmd} with the shell. See also the 'shell' | |
| 226 and 'shelltype' option. | |
| 227 Any '!' in {cmd} is replaced with the previous | |
| 228 external command (see also 'cpoptions'). But not when | |
| 229 there is a backslash before the '!', then that | |
| 230 backslash is removed. Example: ":!ls" followed by | |
| 231 ":!echo ! \! \\!" executes "echo ls ! \!". | |
| 232 After the command has been executed, the timestamp of | |
| 233 the current file is checked |timestamp|. | |
| 1624 | 234 A '|' in {cmd} is passed to the shell, you cannot use |
| 235 it to append a Vim command. See |:bar|. | |
| 7 | 236 A newline character ends {cmd}, what follows is |
| 237 interpreted as a following ":" command. However, if | |
| 238 there is a backslash before the newline it is removed | |
| 239 and {cmd} continues. It doesn't matter how many | |
| 240 backslashes are before the newline, only one is | |
| 241 removed. | |
| 242 On Unix the command normally runs in a non-interactive | |
| 243 shell. If you want an interactive shell to be used | |
| 244 (to use aliases) set 'shellcmdflag' to "-ic". | |
| 245 For Win32 also see |:!start|. | |
| 246 Vim redraws the screen after the command is finished, | |
| 247 because it may have printed any text. This requires a | |
| 248 hit-enter prompt, so that you can read any messages. | |
| 249 To avoid this use: > | |
| 250 :silent !{cmd} | |
| 251 < The screen is not redrawn then, thus you have to use | |
| 252 CTRL-L or ":redraw!" if the command did display | |
| 253 something. | |
| 254 Also see |shell-window|. | |
| 255 | |
| 256 *:!!* | |
| 257 :!! Repeat last ":!{cmd}". | |
| 258 | |
| 259 *:ve* *:version* | |
| 260 :ve[rsion] Print the version number of the editor. If the | |
| 261 compiler used understands "__DATE__" the compilation | |
| 262 date is mentioned. Otherwise a fixed release-date is | |
| 263 shown. | |
| 264 The following lines contain information about which | |
| 265 features were enabled when Vim was compiled. When | |
| 266 there is a preceding '+', the feature is included, | |
| 267 when there is a '-' it is excluded. To change this, | |
| 268 you have to edit feature.h and recompile Vim. | |
| 269 To check for this in an expression, see |has()|. | |
| 270 Here is an overview of the features. | |
| 271 The first column shows the smallest version in which | |
| 272 they are included: | |
| 273 T tiny | |
| 274 S small | |
| 275 N normal | |
| 276 B big | |
| 277 H huge | |
| 278 m manually enabled or depends on other features | |
| 279 (none) system dependent | |
| 280 Thus if a feature is marked with "N", it is included | |
| 281 in the normal, big and huge versions of Vim. | |
| 282 | |
| 283 *+feature-list* | |
| 284 *+ARP* Amiga only: ARP support included | |
| 285 B *+arabic* |Arabic| language support | |
| 286 N *+autocmd* |:autocmd|, automatic commands | |
| 191 | 287 m *+balloon_eval* |balloon-eval| support. Included when compiling with |
| 288 supported GUI (Motif, GTK, GUI) and either | |
| 289 Netbeans/Sun Workshop integration or |+eval| feature. | |
| 7 | 290 N *+browse* |:browse| command |
| 291 N *+builtin_terms* some terminals builtin |builtin-terms| | |
| 292 B *++builtin_terms* maximal terminals builtin |builtin-terms| | |
| 293 N *+byte_offset* support for 'o' flag in 'statusline' option, "go" | |
| 294 and ":goto" commands. | |
| 295 N *+cindent* |'cindent'|, C indenting | |
| 296 N *+clientserver* Unix and Win32: Remote invocation |clientserver| | |
| 297 *+clipboard* |clipboard| support | |
| 298 N *+cmdline_compl* command line completion |cmdline-completion| | |
| 299 N *+cmdline_hist* command line history |cmdline-history| | |
| 300 N *+cmdline_info* |'showcmd'| and |'ruler'| | |
| 301 N *+comments* |'comments'| support | |
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302 B *+conceal* "conceal" support, see |conceal| |:syn-conceal| etc. |
| 7 | 303 N *+cryptv* encryption support |encryption| |
| 304 B *+cscope* |cscope| support | |
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305 m *+cursorbind* |'cursorbind'| support |
| 500 | 306 m *+cursorshape* |termcap-cursor-shape| support |
| 307 m *+debug* Compiled for debugging. | |
| 7 | 308 N *+dialog_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI dialog. |
| 309 N *+dialog_con* Support for |:confirm| with console dialog. | |
| 310 N *+dialog_con_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI and console dialog. | |
| 311 N *+diff* |vimdiff| and 'diff' | |
| 312 N *+digraphs* |digraphs| *E196* | |
| 313 *+dnd* Support for DnD into the "~ register |quote_~|. | |
| 314 B *+emacs_tags* |emacs-tags| files | |
| 315 N *+eval* expression evaluation |eval.txt| | |
| 316 N *+ex_extra* Vim's extra Ex commands: |:center|, |:left|, | |
| 317 |:normal|, |:retab| and |:right| | |
| 318 N *+extra_search* |'hlsearch'| and |'incsearch'| options. | |
| 319 B *+farsi* |farsi| language | |
| 320 N *+file_in_path* |gf|, |CTRL-W_f| and |<cfile>| | |
| 321 N *+find_in_path* include file searches: |[I|, |:isearch|, | |
| 322 |CTRL-W_CTRL-I|, |:checkpath|, etc. | |
| 323 N *+folding* |folding| | |
| 324 *+footer* |gui-footer| | |
| 325 *+fork* Unix only: |fork| shell commands | |
| 1624 | 326 *+float* Floating point support |
| 7 | 327 N *+gettext* message translations |multi-lang| |
| 328 *+GUI_Athena* Unix only: Athena |GUI| | |
| 329 *+GUI_neXtaw* Unix only: neXtaw |GUI| | |
| 330 *+GUI_GTK* Unix only: GTK+ |GUI| | |
| 331 *+GUI_Motif* Unix only: Motif |GUI| | |
| 332 *+GUI_Photon* QNX only: Photon |GUI| | |
| 333 m *+hangul_input* Hangul input support |hangul| | |
| 557 | 334 *+iconv* Compiled with the |iconv()| function |
| 335 *+iconv/dyn* Likewise |iconv-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
| 7 | 336 N *+insert_expand* |insert_expand| Insert mode completion |
| 337 N *+jumplist* |jumplist| | |
| 338 B *+keymap* |'keymap'| | |
| 339 B *+langmap* |'langmap'| | |
| 340 N *+libcall* |libcall()| | |
| 341 N *+linebreak* |'linebreak'|, |'breakat'| and |'showbreak'| | |
| 342 N *+lispindent* |'lisp'| | |
| 343 N *+listcmds* Vim commands for the list of buffers |buffer-hidden| | |
| 344 and argument list |:argdelete| | |
| 345 N *+localmap* Support for mappings local to a buffer |:map-local| | |
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346 m *+lua* |Lua| interface |
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347 m *+lua/dyn* |Lua| interface |/dyn| |
| 7 | 348 N *+menu* |:menu| |
| 349 N *+mksession* |:mksession| | |
| 350 N *+modify_fname* |filename-modifiers| | |
| 351 N *+mouse* Mouse handling |mouse-using| | |
| 352 N *+mouseshape* |'mouseshape'| | |
| 353 B *+mouse_dec* Unix only: Dec terminal mouse handling |dec-mouse| | |
| 354 N *+mouse_gpm* Unix only: Linux console mouse handling |gpm-mouse| | |
| 355 B *+mouse_netterm* Unix only: netterm mouse handling |netterm-mouse| | |
| 3224 | 356 N *+mouse_pterm* QNX only: pterm mouse handling |qnx-terminal| |
| 1624 | 357 N *+mouse_sysmouse* Unix only: *BSD console mouse handling |sysmouse| |
| 3750 | 358 B *+mouse_sgr* Unix only: sgr mouse handling |sgr-mouse| |
| 3224 | 359 N *+mouse_urxvt* Unix only: urxvt mouse handling |urxvt-mouse| |
| 360 N *+mouse_xterm* Unix only: xterm mouse handling |xterm-mouse| | |
| 361 B *+multi_byte* 16 and 32 bit characters |multibyte| | |
| 7 | 362 *+multi_byte_ime* Win32 input method for multibyte chars |multibyte-ime| |
| 3224 | 363 N *+multi_lang* non-English language support |multi-lang| |
| 14 | 364 m *+mzscheme* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme| |
| 625 | 365 m *+mzscheme/dyn* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme-dynamic| |/dyn| |
| 7 | 366 m *+netbeans_intg* |netbeans| |
| 3281 | 367 m *+ole* Win32 GUI only: |ole-interface| |
| 368 N *+path_extra* Up/downwards search in 'path' and 'tags' | |
| 557 | 369 m *+perl* Perl interface |perl| |
| 370 m *+perl/dyn* Perl interface |perl-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
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371 N *+persistent_undo* Persistent undo |undo-persistence| |
| 3281 | 372 *+postscript* |:hardcopy| writes a PostScript file |
| 7 | 373 N *+printer* |:hardcopy| command |
| 179 | 374 H *+profile* |:profile| command |
| 2368 | 375 m *+python* Python 2 interface |python| |
| 3281 | 376 m *+python/dyn* Python 2 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| |
| 2368 | 377 m *+python3* Python 3 interface |python| |
| 3281 | 378 m *+python3/dyn* Python 3 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| |
| 7 | 379 N *+quickfix* |:make| and |quickfix| commands |
| 1624 | 380 N *+reltime* |reltime()| function, 'hlsearch'/'incsearch' timeout, |
| 381 'redrawtime' option | |
| 7 | 382 B *+rightleft* Right to left typing |'rightleft'| |
| 557 | 383 m *+ruby* Ruby interface |ruby| |
| 384 m *+ruby/dyn* Ruby interface |ruby-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
| 3281 | 385 N *+scrollbind* |'scrollbind'| |
| 7 | 386 B *+signs* |:sign| |
| 3281 | 387 N *+smartindent* |'smartindent'| |
| 7 | 388 m *+sniff* SniFF interface |sniff| |
| 3281 | 389 N *+startuptime* |--startuptime| argument |
| 390 N *+statusline* Options 'statusline', 'rulerformat' and special | |
| 7 | 391 formats of 'titlestring' and 'iconstring' |
| 392 m *+sun_workshop* |workshop| | |
| 393 N *+syntax* Syntax highlighting |syntax| | |
| 394 *+system()* Unix only: opposite of |+fork| | |
| 3256 | 395 N *+tag_binary* binary searching in tags file |tag-binary-search| |
| 7 | 396 N *+tag_old_static* old method for static tags |tag-old-static| |
| 397 m *+tag_any_white* any white space allowed in tags file |tag-any-white| | |
| 3256 | 398 m *+tcl* Tcl interface |tcl| |
| 557 | 399 m *+tcl/dyn* Tcl interface |tcl-dynamic| |/dyn| |
| 7 | 400 *+terminfo* uses |terminfo| instead of termcap |
| 401 N *+termresponse* support for |t_RV| and |v:termresponse| | |
| 3256 | 402 N *+textobjects* |text-objects| selection |
| 7 | 403 *+tgetent* non-Unix only: able to use external termcap |
| 1125 | 404 N *+title* Setting the window 'title' and 'icon' |
| 7 | 405 N *+toolbar* |gui-toolbar| |
| 406 N *+user_commands* User-defined commands. |user-commands| | |
| 407 N *+viminfo* |'viminfo'| | |
| 408 N *+vertsplit* Vertically split windows |:vsplit| | |
| 3256 | 409 N *+virtualedit* |'virtualedit'| |
| 7 | 410 S *+visual* Visual mode |Visual-mode| |
| 3256 | 411 N *+visualextra* extra Visual mode commands |blockwise-operators| |
| 7 | 412 N *+vreplace* |gR| and |gr| |
| 3256 | 413 N *+wildignore* |'wildignore'| |
| 7 | 414 N *+wildmenu* |'wildmenu'| |
| 415 S *+windows* more than one window | |
| 3256 | 416 m *+writebackup* |'writebackup'| is default on |
| 417 m *+xim* X input method |xim| | |
| 7 | 418 *+xfontset* X fontset support |xfontset| |
| 3750 | 419 m *+xpm_w32* Win32 GUI only: pixmap support |w32-xpm-support| |
| 7 | 420 *+xsmp* XSMP (X session management) support |
| 421 *+xsmp_interact* interactive XSMP (X session management) support | |
| 422 N *+xterm_clipboard* Unix only: xterm clipboard handling | |
| 3256 | 423 m *+xterm_save* save and restore xterm screen |xterm-screens| |
| 424 N *+X11* Unix only: can restore window title |X11| | |
| 7 | 425 |
| 426 */dyn* *E370* *E448* | |
| 427 To some of the features "/dyn" is added when the | |
| 428 feature is only available when the related library can | |
| 429 be dynamically loaded. | |
| 430 | |
| 431 :ve[rsion] {nr} Is now ignored. This was previously used to check the | |
| 432 version number of a .vimrc file. It was removed, | |
| 433 because you can now use the ":if" command for | |
| 434 version-dependent behavior. {not in Vi} | |
| 435 | |
| 436 *:redi* *:redir* | |
| 437 :redi[r][!] > {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. The messages which | |
| 438 are the output of commands are written to that file, | |
| 439 until redirection ends. The messages are also still | |
| 440 shown on the screen. When [!] is included, an | |
| 441 existing file is overwritten. When [!] is omitted, | |
| 442 and {file} exists, this command fails. | |
| 443 Only one ":redir" can be active at a time. Calls to | |
| 444 ":redir" will close any active redirection before | |
| 445 starting redirection to the new target. | |
| 446 To stop the messages and commands from being echoed to | |
| 447 the screen, put the commands in a function and call it | |
| 448 with ":silent call Function()". | |
| 294 | 449 An alternative is to use the 'verbosefile' option, |
| 450 this can be used in combination with ":redir". | |
| 7 | 451 {not in Vi} |
| 452 | |
| 453 :redi[r] >> {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. Append if {file} | |
| 454 already exists. {not in Vi} | |
| 455 | |
| 1624 | 456 :redi[r] @{a-zA-Z} |
| 298 | 457 :redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}> Redirect messages to register {a-z}. Append to the |
| 7 | 458 contents of the register if its name is given |
| 1624 | 459 uppercase {A-Z}. The ">" after the register name is |
| 460 optional. {not in Vi} | |
| 271 | 461 :redi[r] @{a-z}>> Append messages to register {a-z}. {not in Vi} |
| 7 | 462 |
| 1125 | 463 :redi[r] @*> |
| 464 :redi[r] @+> Redirect messages to the selection or clipboard. For | |
| 465 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register | |
| 466 name can be omitted. See |quotestar| and |quoteplus|. | |
| 467 {not in Vi} | |
| 468 :redi[r] @*>> | |
| 469 :redi[r] @+>> Append messages to the selection or clipboard. | |
| 470 {not in Vi} | |
| 7 | 471 |
| 298 | 472 :redi[r] @"> Redirect messages to the unnamed register. For |
| 473 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register | |
| 474 name can be omitted. {not in Vi} | |
| 271 | 475 :redi[r] @">> Append messages to the unnamed register. {not in Vi} |
| 7 | 476 |
| 169 | 477 :redi[r] => {var} Redirect messages to a variable. If the variable |
| 478 doesn't exist, then it is created. If the variable | |
| 479 exists, then it is initialized to an empty string. | |
| 1125 | 480 The variable will remain empty until redirection ends. |
| 169 | 481 Only string variables can be used. After the |
| 482 redirection starts, if the variable is removed or | |
| 483 locked or the variable type is changed, then further | |
| 484 command output messages will cause errors. {not in Vi} | |
| 485 | |
| 486 :redi[r] =>> {var} Append messages to an existing variable. Only string | |
| 487 variables can be used. {not in Vi} | |
| 488 | |
| 7 | 489 :redi[r] END End redirecting messages. {not in Vi} |
| 490 | |
| 491 *:sil* *:silent* | |
| 492 :sil[ent][!] {command} Execute {command} silently. Normal messages will not | |
| 493 be given or added to the message history. | |
| 494 When [!] is added, error messages will also be | |
| 495 skipped, and commands and mappings will not be aborted | |
| 496 when an error is detected. |v:errmsg| is still set. | |
| 497 When [!] is not used, an error message will cause | |
| 498 further messages to be displayed normally. | |
| 499 Redirection, started with |:redir|, will continue as | |
| 500 usual, although there might be small differences. | |
| 501 This will allow redirecting the output of a command | |
| 502 without seeing it on the screen. Example: > | |
| 503 :redir >/tmp/foobar | |
| 504 :silent g/Aap/p | |
| 505 :redir END | |
| 506 < To execute a Normal mode command silently, use the | |
| 507 |:normal| command. For example, to search for a | |
| 508 string without messages: > | |
| 509 :silent exe "normal /path\<CR>" | |
| 510 < ":silent!" is useful to execute a command that may | |
| 511 fail, but the failure is to be ignored. Example: > | |
| 512 :let v:errmsg = "" | |
| 513 :silent! /^begin | |
| 514 :if v:errmsg != "" | |
| 515 : ... pattern was not found | |
| 516 < ":silent" will also avoid the hit-enter prompt. When | |
| 517 using this for an external command, this may cause the | |
| 518 screen to be messed up. Use |CTRL-L| to clean it up | |
| 519 then. | |
| 520 ":silent menu ..." defines a menu that will not echo a | |
| 521 Command-line command. The command will still produce | |
| 522 messages though. Use ":silent" in the command itself | |
| 523 to avoid that: ":silent menu .... :silent command". | |
| 524 | |
| 1926 | 525 *:uns* *:unsilent* |
| 526 :uns[ilent] {command} Execute {command} not silently. Only makes a | |
| 527 difference when |:silent| was used to get to this | |
| 528 command. | |
| 529 Use this for giving a message even when |:silent| was | |
| 530 used. In this example |:silent| is used to avoid the | |
| 531 message about reading the file and |:unsilent| to be | |
| 532 able to list the first line of each file. > | |
| 533 :silent argdo unsilent echo expand('%') . ": " . getline(1) | |
| 534 < | |
| 535 | |
| 7 | 536 *:verb* *:verbose* |
| 537 :[count]verb[ose] {command} | |
| 538 Execute {command} with 'verbose' set to [count]. If | |
| 8 | 539 [count] is omitted one is used. ":0verbose" can be |
| 540 used to set 'verbose' to zero. | |
| 7 | 541 The additional use of ":silent" makes messages |
| 542 generated but not displayed. | |
| 543 The combination of ":silent" and ":verbose" can be | |
| 544 used to generate messages and check them with | |
| 545 |v:statusmsg| and friends. For example: > | |
| 546 :let v:statusmsg = "" | |
| 547 :silent verbose runtime foobar.vim | |
| 548 :if v:statusmsg != "" | |
| 549 : " foobar.vim could not be found | |
| 550 :endif | |
| 551 < When concatenating another command, the ":verbose" | |
| 552 only applies to the first one: > | |
| 553 :4verbose set verbose | set verbose | |
| 554 < verbose=4 ~ | |
| 555 verbose=0 ~ | |
| 294 | 556 For logging verbose messages in a file use the |
| 557 'verbosefile' option. | |
| 7 | 558 |
| 484 | 559 *:verbose-cmd* |
| 560 When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing the value of a Vim option or a key map or | |
| 502 | 561 an abbreviation or a user-defined function or a command or a highlight group |
| 562 or an autocommand will also display where it was last defined. If it was | |
| 563 defined manually then there will be no "Last set" message. When it was | |
| 564 defined while executing a function, user command or autocommand, the script in | |
| 565 which it was defined is reported. | |
|
2570
71b56b4e7785
Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
566 {not available when compiled without the |+eval| feature} |
| 484 | 567 |
| 7 | 568 *K* |
| 569 K Run a program to lookup the keyword under the | |
| 570 cursor. The name of the program is given with the | |
| 571 'keywordprg' (kp) option (default is "man"). The | |
| 572 keyword is formed of letters, numbers and the | |
| 573 characters in 'iskeyword'. The keyword under or | |
| 574 right of the cursor is used. The same can be done | |
| 575 with the command > | |
| 576 :!{program} {keyword} | |
| 577 < There is an example of a program to use in the tools | |
| 578 directory of Vim. It is called 'ref' and does a | |
| 579 simple spelling check. | |
| 580 Special cases: | |
| 581 - If 'keywordprg' is empty, the ":help" command is | |
| 582 used. It's a good idea to include more characters | |
| 583 in 'iskeyword' then, to be able to find more help. | |
| 584 - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man", a count before | |
| 585 "K" is inserted after the "man" command and before | |
| 586 the keyword. For example, using "2K" while the | |
| 587 cursor is on "mkdir", results in: > | |
| 588 !man 2 mkdir | |
| 589 < - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man -s", a count | |
| 590 before "K" is inserted after the "-s". If there is | |
| 591 no count, the "-s" is removed. | |
| 592 {not in Vi} | |
| 593 | |
| 594 *v_K* | |
| 595 {Visual}K Like "K", but use the visually highlighted text for | |
| 596 the keyword. Only works when the highlighted text is | |
| 597 not more than one line. {not in Vi} | |
| 598 | |
| 599 [N]gs *gs* *:sl* *:sleep* | |
| 600 :[N]sl[eep] [N] [m] Do nothing for [N] seconds. When [m] is included, | |
| 237 | 601 sleep for [N] milliseconds. The count for "gs" always |
| 7 | 602 uses seconds. The default is one second. > |
| 603 :sleep "sleep for one second | |
| 604 :5sleep "sleep for five seconds | |
| 605 :sleep 100m "sleep for a hundred milliseconds | |
| 606 10gs "sleep for ten seconds | |
| 607 < Can be interrupted with CTRL-C (CTRL-Break on MS-DOS). | |
| 140 | 608 "gs" stands for "goto sleep". |
| 609 While sleeping the cursor is positioned in the text, | |
| 610 if at a visible position. {not in Vi} | |
| 3153 | 611 Also process the received netbeans messages. {only |
| 612 available when compiled with the |+netbeans_intg| | |
| 613 feature} | |
| 614 | |
| 7 | 615 |
| 616 *g_CTRL-A* | |
| 617 g CTRL-A Only when Vim was compiled with MEM_PROFILING defined | |
| 618 (which is very rare): print memory usage statistics. | |
| 619 Only useful for debugging Vim. | |
| 620 | |
| 621 ============================================================================== | |
| 2581 | 622 2. Using Vim like less or more *less* |
| 7 | 623 |
| 624 If you use the less or more program to view a file, you don't get syntax | |
| 625 highlighting. Thus you would like to use Vim instead. You can do this by | |
| 626 using the shell script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.sh". | |
| 627 | |
| 628 This shell script uses the Vim script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.vim". It sets | |
| 629 up mappings to simulate the commands that less supports. Otherwise, you can | |
| 630 still use the Vim commands. | |
| 631 | |
| 632 This isn't perfect. For example, when viewing a short file Vim will still use | |
| 633 the whole screen. But it works good enough for most uses, and you get syntax | |
| 634 highlighting. | |
| 635 | |
| 636 The "h" key will give you a short overview of the available commands. | |
| 637 | |
| 638 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |