Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/various.txt @ 2908:fd09a9c8468e
Updated runtime files.
author | Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org> |
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date | Sun, 19 Jun 2011 05:09:16 +0200 |
parents | 6f63330ec225 |
children | 37ecb8ff4560 |
rev | line source |
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2908 | 1 *various.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2011 May 19 |
7 | 2 |
3 | |
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
5 | |
6 | |
7 Various commands *various* | |
8 | |
9 1. Various commands |various-cmds| | |
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10 2. Using Vim like less or more |less| |
7 | 11 |
12 ============================================================================== | |
13 1. Various commands *various-cmds* | |
14 | |
15 *CTRL-L* | |
348 | 16 CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen. The redraw may happen |
17 later, after processing typeahead. | |
7 | 18 |
19 *:redr* *:redraw* | |
20 :redr[aw][!] Redraw the screen right now. When ! is included it is | |
21 cleared first. | |
22 Useful to update the screen halfway executing a script | |
23 or function. Also when halfway a mapping and | |
24 'lazyredraw' is set. | |
25 | |
26 *:redraws* *:redrawstatus* | |
27 :redraws[tatus][!] Redraw the status line of the current window. When ! | |
28 is included all status lines are redrawn. | |
29 Useful to update the status line(s) when 'statusline' | |
30 includes an item that doesn't cause automatic | |
31 updating. | |
32 | |
33 *N<Del>* | |
34 <Del> When entering a number: Remove the last digit. | |
35 Note: if you like to use <BS> for this, add this | |
36 mapping to your .vimrc: > | |
37 :map CTRL-V <BS> CTRL-V <Del> | |
38 < See |:fixdel| if your <Del> key does not do what you | |
39 want. | |
40 | |
41 :as[cii] or *ga* *:as* *:ascii* | |
42 ga Print the ascii value of the character under the | |
43 cursor in decimal, hexadecimal and octal. For | |
44 example, when the cursor is on a 'R': | |
45 <R> 82, Hex 52, Octal 122 ~ | |
46 When the character is a non-standard ASCII character, | |
47 but printable according to the 'isprint' option, the | |
48 non-printable version is also given. When the | |
49 character is larger than 127, the <M-x> form is also | |
50 printed. For example: | |
51 <~A> <M-^A> 129, Hex 81, Octal 201 ~ | |
52 <p> <|~> <M-~> 254, Hex fe, Octal 376 ~ | |
53 (where <p> is a special character) | |
54 The <Nul> character in a file is stored internally as | |
55 <NL>, but it will be shown as: | |
56 <^@> 0, Hex 00, Octal 000 ~ | |
714 | 57 If the character has composing characters these are |
58 also shown. The value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. | |
7 | 59 Mnemonic: Get Ascii value. {not in Vi} |
60 | |
61 *g8* | |
62 g8 Print the hex values of the bytes used in the | |
63 character under the cursor, assuming it is in |UTF-8| | |
714 | 64 encoding. This also shows composing characters. The |
65 value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. | |
66 Example of a character with two composing characters: | |
7 | 67 e0 b8 81 + e0 b8 b9 + e0 b9 89 ~ |
777 | 68 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte| |
69 feature} | |
70 | |
71 *8g8* | |
72 8g8 Find an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence at or after the | |
73 cursor. This works in two situations: | |
74 1. when 'encoding' is any 8-bit encoding | |
75 2. when 'encoding' is "utf-8" and 'fileencoding' is | |
76 any 8-bit encoding | |
77 Thus it can be used when editing a file that was | |
78 supposed to be UTF-8 but was read as if it is an 8-bit | |
79 encoding because it contains illegal bytes. | |
80 Does not wrap around the end of the file. | |
81 Note that when the cursor is on an illegal byte or the | |
82 cursor is halfway a multi-byte character the command | |
83 won't move the cursor. | |
84 {not in Vi} {only when compiled with the |+multi_byte| | |
85 feature} | |
7 | 86 |
843 | 87 *:p* *:pr* *:print* *E749* |
169 | 88 :[range]p[rint] [flags] |
89 Print [range] lines (default current line). | |
7 | 90 Note: If you are looking for a way to print your text |
169 | 91 on paper see |:hardcopy|. In the GUI you can use the |
92 File.Print menu entry. | |
93 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. | |
7 | 94 |
169 | 95 :[range]p[rint] {count} [flags] |
7 | 96 Print {count} lines, starting with [range] (default |
97 current line |cmdline-ranges|). | |
169 | 98 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
7 | 99 |
100 *:P* *:Print* | |
169 | 101 :[range]P[rint] [count] [flags] |
7 | 102 Just as ":print". Was apparently added to Vi for |
103 people that keep the shift key pressed too long... | |
2642 | 104 Note: A user command can overrule this command. |
169 | 105 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
7 | 106 |
107 *:l* *:list* | |
169 | 108 :[range]l[ist] [count] [flags] |
7 | 109 Same as :print, but display unprintable characters |
2458 | 110 with '^' and put $ after the line. This can be |
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111 further changed with the 'listchars' option. |
169 | 112 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
7 | 113 |
114 *:nu* *:number* | |
169 | 115 :[range]nu[mber] [count] [flags] |
7 | 116 Same as :print, but precede each line with its line |
677 | 117 number. (See also 'highlight' and 'numberwidth' |
118 option). | |
169 | 119 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
7 | 120 |
121 *:#* | |
169 | 122 :[range]# [count] [flags] |
123 synonym for :number. | |
7 | 124 |
1125 | 125 *:#!* |
126 :#!{anything} Ignored, so that you can start a Vim script with: > | |
1624 | 127 #!vim -S |
1125 | 128 echo "this is a Vim script" |
129 quit | |
130 < | |
7 | 131 *:z* *E144* |
132 :{range}z[+-^.=]{count} Display several lines of text surrounding the line | |
133 specified with {range}, or around the current line | |
134 if there is no {range}. If there is a {count}, that's | |
164 | 135 how many lines you'll see; if there is only one window |
2725 | 136 then twice the value of the 'scroll' option is used, |
137 otherwise the current window height minus 3 is used. | |
7 | 138 |
139 :z can be used either alone or followed by any of | |
140 several punctuation marks. These have the following | |
141 effect: | |
142 | |
2725 | 143 mark first line last line new cursor line ~ |
7 | 144 ---- ---------- --------- ------------ |
145 + current line 1 scr forward 1 scr forward | |
146 - 1 scr back current line current line | |
147 ^ 2 scr back 1 scr back 1 scr back | |
159 | 148 . 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd 1/2 scr fwd |
149 = 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd current line | |
7 | 150 |
151 Specifying no mark at all is the same as "+". | |
152 If the mark is "=", a line of dashes is printed | |
153 around the current line. | |
154 | |
155 :{range}z#[+-^.=]{count} *:z#* | |
156 Like ":z", but number the lines. | |
157 {not in all versions of Vi, not with these arguments} | |
158 | |
159 *:=* | |
169 | 160 := [flags] Print the last line number. |
161 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. | |
7 | 162 |
169 | 163 :{range}= [flags] Prints the last line number in {range}. For example, |
7 | 164 this prints the current line number: > |
165 :.= | |
169 | 166 < See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
7 | 167 |
168 :norm[al][!] {commands} *:norm* *:normal* | |
169 Execute Normal mode commands {commands}. This makes | |
170 it possible to execute Normal mode commands typed on | |
2596 | 171 the command-line. {commands} are executed like they |
172 are typed. For undo all commands are undone together. | |
1125 | 173 Execution stops when an error is encountered. |
7 | 174 If the [!] is given, mappings will not be used. |
175 {commands} should be a complete command. If | |
176 {commands} does not finish a command, the last one | |
177 will be aborted as if <Esc> or <C-C> was typed. | |
178 The display isn't updated while ":normal" is busy. | |
179 This implies that an insert command must be completed | |
180 (to start Insert mode, see |:startinsert|). A ":" | |
161 | 181 command must be completed as well. And you can't use |
182 "Q" or "gQ" to start Ex mode. | |
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183 {commands} cannot start with a space. Put a count of |
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184 1 (one) before it, "1 " is one space. |
7 | 185 The 'insertmode' option is ignored for {commands}. |
186 This command cannot be followed by another command, | |
187 since any '|' is considered part of the command. | |
188 This command can be used recursively, but the depth is | |
189 limited by 'maxmapdepth'. | |
190 When this command is called from a non-remappable | |
191 mapping |:noremap|, the argument can be mapped anyway. | |
192 An alternative is to use |:execute|, which uses an | |
193 expression as argument. This allows the use of | |
2264 | 194 printable characters to represent special characters. |
195 Example: > | |
7 | 196 :exe "normal \<c-w>\<c-w>" |
197 < {not in Vi, of course} | |
198 {not available when the |+ex_extra| feature was | |
199 disabled at compile time} | |
200 | |
201 :{range}norm[al][!] {commands} *:normal-range* | |
202 Execute Normal mode commands {commands} for each line | |
203 in the {range}. Before executing the {commands}, the | |
204 cursor is positioned in the first column of the range, | |
205 for each line. Otherwise it's the same as the | |
206 ":normal" command without a range. | |
207 {not in Vi} | |
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208 {not available when |+ex_extra| feature was disabled |
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209 at compile time} |
7 | 210 |
211 *:sh* *:shell* *E371* | |
212 :sh[ell] This command starts a shell. When the shell exits | |
213 (after the "exit" command) you return to Vim. The | |
214 name for the shell command comes from 'shell' option. | |
215 *E360* | |
216 Note: This doesn't work when Vim on the Amiga was | |
217 started in QuickFix mode from a compiler, because the | |
218 compiler will have set stdin to a non-interactive | |
219 mode. | |
220 | |
221 *:!cmd* *:!* *E34* | |
222 :!{cmd} Execute {cmd} with the shell. See also the 'shell' | |
223 and 'shelltype' option. | |
224 Any '!' in {cmd} is replaced with the previous | |
225 external command (see also 'cpoptions'). But not when | |
226 there is a backslash before the '!', then that | |
227 backslash is removed. Example: ":!ls" followed by | |
228 ":!echo ! \! \\!" executes "echo ls ! \!". | |
229 After the command has been executed, the timestamp of | |
230 the current file is checked |timestamp|. | |
1624 | 231 A '|' in {cmd} is passed to the shell, you cannot use |
232 it to append a Vim command. See |:bar|. | |
7 | 233 A newline character ends {cmd}, what follows is |
234 interpreted as a following ":" command. However, if | |
235 there is a backslash before the newline it is removed | |
236 and {cmd} continues. It doesn't matter how many | |
237 backslashes are before the newline, only one is | |
238 removed. | |
239 On Unix the command normally runs in a non-interactive | |
240 shell. If you want an interactive shell to be used | |
241 (to use aliases) set 'shellcmdflag' to "-ic". | |
242 For Win32 also see |:!start|. | |
243 Vim redraws the screen after the command is finished, | |
244 because it may have printed any text. This requires a | |
245 hit-enter prompt, so that you can read any messages. | |
246 To avoid this use: > | |
247 :silent !{cmd} | |
248 < The screen is not redrawn then, thus you have to use | |
249 CTRL-L or ":redraw!" if the command did display | |
250 something. | |
251 Also see |shell-window|. | |
252 | |
253 *:!!* | |
254 :!! Repeat last ":!{cmd}". | |
255 | |
256 *:ve* *:version* | |
257 :ve[rsion] Print the version number of the editor. If the | |
258 compiler used understands "__DATE__" the compilation | |
259 date is mentioned. Otherwise a fixed release-date is | |
260 shown. | |
261 The following lines contain information about which | |
262 features were enabled when Vim was compiled. When | |
263 there is a preceding '+', the feature is included, | |
264 when there is a '-' it is excluded. To change this, | |
265 you have to edit feature.h and recompile Vim. | |
266 To check for this in an expression, see |has()|. | |
267 Here is an overview of the features. | |
268 The first column shows the smallest version in which | |
269 they are included: | |
270 T tiny | |
271 S small | |
272 N normal | |
273 B big | |
274 H huge | |
275 m manually enabled or depends on other features | |
276 (none) system dependent | |
277 Thus if a feature is marked with "N", it is included | |
278 in the normal, big and huge versions of Vim. | |
279 | |
280 *+feature-list* | |
281 *+ARP* Amiga only: ARP support included | |
282 B *+arabic* |Arabic| language support | |
283 N *+autocmd* |:autocmd|, automatic commands | |
191 | 284 m *+balloon_eval* |balloon-eval| support. Included when compiling with |
285 supported GUI (Motif, GTK, GUI) and either | |
286 Netbeans/Sun Workshop integration or |+eval| feature. | |
7 | 287 N *+browse* |:browse| command |
288 N *+builtin_terms* some terminals builtin |builtin-terms| | |
289 B *++builtin_terms* maximal terminals builtin |builtin-terms| | |
290 N *+byte_offset* support for 'o' flag in 'statusline' option, "go" | |
291 and ":goto" commands. | |
292 N *+cindent* |'cindent'|, C indenting | |
293 N *+clientserver* Unix and Win32: Remote invocation |clientserver| | |
294 *+clipboard* |clipboard| support | |
295 N *+cmdline_compl* command line completion |cmdline-completion| | |
296 N *+cmdline_hist* command line history |cmdline-history| | |
297 N *+cmdline_info* |'showcmd'| and |'ruler'| | |
298 N *+comments* |'comments'| support | |
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299 B *+conceal* "conceal" support, see |conceal| |:syn-conceal| etc. |
7 | 300 N *+cryptv* encryption support |encryption| |
301 B *+cscope* |cscope| support | |
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302 m *+cursorbind* |'cursorbind'| support |
500 | 303 m *+cursorshape* |termcap-cursor-shape| support |
304 m *+debug* Compiled for debugging. | |
7 | 305 N *+dialog_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI dialog. |
306 N *+dialog_con* Support for |:confirm| with console dialog. | |
307 N *+dialog_con_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI and console dialog. | |
308 N *+diff* |vimdiff| and 'diff' | |
309 N *+digraphs* |digraphs| *E196* | |
310 *+dnd* Support for DnD into the "~ register |quote_~|. | |
311 B *+emacs_tags* |emacs-tags| files | |
312 N *+eval* expression evaluation |eval.txt| | |
313 N *+ex_extra* Vim's extra Ex commands: |:center|, |:left|, | |
314 |:normal|, |:retab| and |:right| | |
315 N *+extra_search* |'hlsearch'| and |'incsearch'| options. | |
316 B *+farsi* |farsi| language | |
317 N *+file_in_path* |gf|, |CTRL-W_f| and |<cfile>| | |
318 N *+find_in_path* include file searches: |[I|, |:isearch|, | |
319 |CTRL-W_CTRL-I|, |:checkpath|, etc. | |
320 N *+folding* |folding| | |
321 *+footer* |gui-footer| | |
322 *+fork* Unix only: |fork| shell commands | |
1624 | 323 *+float* Floating point support |
7 | 324 N *+gettext* message translations |multi-lang| |
325 *+GUI_Athena* Unix only: Athena |GUI| | |
326 *+GUI_neXtaw* Unix only: neXtaw |GUI| | |
327 *+GUI_GTK* Unix only: GTK+ |GUI| | |
328 *+GUI_Motif* Unix only: Motif |GUI| | |
329 *+GUI_Photon* QNX only: Photon |GUI| | |
330 m *+hangul_input* Hangul input support |hangul| | |
557 | 331 *+iconv* Compiled with the |iconv()| function |
332 *+iconv/dyn* Likewise |iconv-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
7 | 333 N *+insert_expand* |insert_expand| Insert mode completion |
334 N *+jumplist* |jumplist| | |
335 B *+keymap* |'keymap'| | |
336 B *+langmap* |'langmap'| | |
337 N *+libcall* |libcall()| | |
338 N *+linebreak* |'linebreak'|, |'breakat'| and |'showbreak'| | |
339 N *+lispindent* |'lisp'| | |
340 N *+listcmds* Vim commands for the list of buffers |buffer-hidden| | |
341 and argument list |:argdelete| | |
342 N *+localmap* Support for mappings local to a buffer |:map-local| | |
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343 m *+lua* |Lua| interface |
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344 m *+lua/dyn* |Lua| interface |/dyn| |
7 | 345 N *+menu* |:menu| |
346 N *+mksession* |:mksession| | |
347 N *+modify_fname* |filename-modifiers| | |
348 N *+mouse* Mouse handling |mouse-using| | |
349 N *+mouseshape* |'mouseshape'| | |
350 B *+mouse_dec* Unix only: Dec terminal mouse handling |dec-mouse| | |
351 N *+mouse_gpm* Unix only: Linux console mouse handling |gpm-mouse| | |
352 B *+mouse_netterm* Unix only: netterm mouse handling |netterm-mouse| | |
353 N *+mouse_pterm* QNX only: pterm mouse handling |qnx-terminal| | |
1624 | 354 N *+mouse_sysmouse* Unix only: *BSD console mouse handling |sysmouse| |
7 | 355 N *+mouse_xterm* Unix only: xterm mouse handling |xterm-mouse| |
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356 B *+multi_byte* 16 and 32 bit characters |multibyte| |
7 | 357 *+multi_byte_ime* Win32 input method for multibyte chars |multibyte-ime| |
358 N *+multi_lang* non-English language support |multi-lang| | |
14 | 359 m *+mzscheme* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme| |
625 | 360 m *+mzscheme/dyn* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme-dynamic| |/dyn| |
7 | 361 m *+netbeans_intg* |netbeans| |
362 m *+ole* Win32 GUI only: |ole-interface| | |
363 N *+path_extra* Up/downwards search in 'path' and 'tags' | |
557 | 364 m *+perl* Perl interface |perl| |
365 m *+perl/dyn* Perl interface |perl-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
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366 N *+persistent_undo* Persistent undo |undo-persistence| |
7 | 367 *+postscript* |:hardcopy| writes a PostScript file |
368 N *+printer* |:hardcopy| command | |
179 | 369 H *+profile* |:profile| command |
2368 | 370 m *+python* Python 2 interface |python| |
371 m *+python/dyn* Python 2 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
372 m *+python3* Python 3 interface |python| | |
373 m *+python3/dyn* Python 3 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
7 | 374 N *+quickfix* |:make| and |quickfix| commands |
1624 | 375 N *+reltime* |reltime()| function, 'hlsearch'/'incsearch' timeout, |
376 'redrawtime' option | |
7 | 377 B *+rightleft* Right to left typing |'rightleft'| |
557 | 378 m *+ruby* Ruby interface |ruby| |
379 m *+ruby/dyn* Ruby interface |ruby-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
7 | 380 N *+scrollbind* |'scrollbind'| |
381 B *+signs* |:sign| | |
382 N *+smartindent* |'smartindent'| | |
383 m *+sniff* SniFF interface |sniff| | |
1989 | 384 N *+startuptime* |--startuptime| argument |
7 | 385 N *+statusline* Options 'statusline', 'rulerformat' and special |
386 formats of 'titlestring' and 'iconstring' | |
387 m *+sun_workshop* |workshop| | |
388 N *+syntax* Syntax highlighting |syntax| | |
389 *+system()* Unix only: opposite of |+fork| | |
390 N *+tag_binary* binary searching in tags file |tag-binary-search| | |
391 N *+tag_old_static* old method for static tags |tag-old-static| | |
392 m *+tag_any_white* any white space allowed in tags file |tag-any-white| | |
557 | 393 m *+tcl* Tcl interface |tcl| |
394 m *+tcl/dyn* Tcl interface |tcl-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
7 | 395 *+terminfo* uses |terminfo| instead of termcap |
396 N *+termresponse* support for |t_RV| and |v:termresponse| | |
397 N *+textobjects* |text-objects| selection | |
398 *+tgetent* non-Unix only: able to use external termcap | |
1125 | 399 N *+title* Setting the window 'title' and 'icon' |
7 | 400 N *+toolbar* |gui-toolbar| |
401 N *+user_commands* User-defined commands. |user-commands| | |
402 N *+viminfo* |'viminfo'| | |
403 N *+vertsplit* Vertically split windows |:vsplit| | |
404 N *+virtualedit* |'virtualedit'| | |
405 S *+visual* Visual mode |Visual-mode| | |
406 N *+visualextra* extra Visual mode commands |blockwise-operators| | |
407 N *+vreplace* |gR| and |gr| | |
408 N *+wildignore* |'wildignore'| | |
409 N *+wildmenu* |'wildmenu'| | |
410 S *+windows* more than one window | |
411 m *+writebackup* |'writebackup'| is default on | |
412 m *+xim* X input method |xim| | |
413 *+xfontset* X fontset support |xfontset| | |
414 *+xsmp* XSMP (X session management) support | |
415 *+xsmp_interact* interactive XSMP (X session management) support | |
416 N *+xterm_clipboard* Unix only: xterm clipboard handling | |
417 m *+xterm_save* save and restore xterm screen |xterm-screens| | |
418 N *+X11* Unix only: can restore window title |X11| | |
419 | |
420 */dyn* *E370* *E448* | |
421 To some of the features "/dyn" is added when the | |
422 feature is only available when the related library can | |
423 be dynamically loaded. | |
424 | |
425 :ve[rsion] {nr} Is now ignored. This was previously used to check the | |
426 version number of a .vimrc file. It was removed, | |
427 because you can now use the ":if" command for | |
428 version-dependent behavior. {not in Vi} | |
429 | |
430 *:redi* *:redir* | |
431 :redi[r][!] > {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. The messages which | |
432 are the output of commands are written to that file, | |
433 until redirection ends. The messages are also still | |
434 shown on the screen. When [!] is included, an | |
435 existing file is overwritten. When [!] is omitted, | |
436 and {file} exists, this command fails. | |
437 Only one ":redir" can be active at a time. Calls to | |
438 ":redir" will close any active redirection before | |
439 starting redirection to the new target. | |
440 To stop the messages and commands from being echoed to | |
441 the screen, put the commands in a function and call it | |
442 with ":silent call Function()". | |
294 | 443 An alternative is to use the 'verbosefile' option, |
444 this can be used in combination with ":redir". | |
7 | 445 {not in Vi} |
446 | |
447 :redi[r] >> {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. Append if {file} | |
448 already exists. {not in Vi} | |
449 | |
1624 | 450 :redi[r] @{a-zA-Z} |
298 | 451 :redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}> Redirect messages to register {a-z}. Append to the |
7 | 452 contents of the register if its name is given |
1624 | 453 uppercase {A-Z}. The ">" after the register name is |
454 optional. {not in Vi} | |
271 | 455 :redi[r] @{a-z}>> Append messages to register {a-z}. {not in Vi} |
7 | 456 |
1125 | 457 :redi[r] @*> |
458 :redi[r] @+> Redirect messages to the selection or clipboard. For | |
459 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register | |
460 name can be omitted. See |quotestar| and |quoteplus|. | |
461 {not in Vi} | |
462 :redi[r] @*>> | |
463 :redi[r] @+>> Append messages to the selection or clipboard. | |
464 {not in Vi} | |
7 | 465 |
298 | 466 :redi[r] @"> Redirect messages to the unnamed register. For |
467 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register | |
468 name can be omitted. {not in Vi} | |
271 | 469 :redi[r] @">> Append messages to the unnamed register. {not in Vi} |
7 | 470 |
169 | 471 :redi[r] => {var} Redirect messages to a variable. If the variable |
472 doesn't exist, then it is created. If the variable | |
473 exists, then it is initialized to an empty string. | |
1125 | 474 The variable will remain empty until redirection ends. |
169 | 475 Only string variables can be used. After the |
476 redirection starts, if the variable is removed or | |
477 locked or the variable type is changed, then further | |
478 command output messages will cause errors. {not in Vi} | |
479 | |
480 :redi[r] =>> {var} Append messages to an existing variable. Only string | |
481 variables can be used. {not in Vi} | |
482 | |
7 | 483 :redi[r] END End redirecting messages. {not in Vi} |
484 | |
485 *:sil* *:silent* | |
486 :sil[ent][!] {command} Execute {command} silently. Normal messages will not | |
487 be given or added to the message history. | |
488 When [!] is added, error messages will also be | |
489 skipped, and commands and mappings will not be aborted | |
490 when an error is detected. |v:errmsg| is still set. | |
491 When [!] is not used, an error message will cause | |
492 further messages to be displayed normally. | |
493 Redirection, started with |:redir|, will continue as | |
494 usual, although there might be small differences. | |
495 This will allow redirecting the output of a command | |
496 without seeing it on the screen. Example: > | |
497 :redir >/tmp/foobar | |
498 :silent g/Aap/p | |
499 :redir END | |
500 < To execute a Normal mode command silently, use the | |
501 |:normal| command. For example, to search for a | |
502 string without messages: > | |
503 :silent exe "normal /path\<CR>" | |
504 < ":silent!" is useful to execute a command that may | |
505 fail, but the failure is to be ignored. Example: > | |
506 :let v:errmsg = "" | |
507 :silent! /^begin | |
508 :if v:errmsg != "" | |
509 : ... pattern was not found | |
510 < ":silent" will also avoid the hit-enter prompt. When | |
511 using this for an external command, this may cause the | |
512 screen to be messed up. Use |CTRL-L| to clean it up | |
513 then. | |
514 ":silent menu ..." defines a menu that will not echo a | |
515 Command-line command. The command will still produce | |
516 messages though. Use ":silent" in the command itself | |
517 to avoid that: ":silent menu .... :silent command". | |
518 | |
1926 | 519 *:uns* *:unsilent* |
520 :uns[ilent] {command} Execute {command} not silently. Only makes a | |
521 difference when |:silent| was used to get to this | |
522 command. | |
523 Use this for giving a message even when |:silent| was | |
524 used. In this example |:silent| is used to avoid the | |
525 message about reading the file and |:unsilent| to be | |
526 able to list the first line of each file. > | |
527 :silent argdo unsilent echo expand('%') . ": " . getline(1) | |
528 < | |
529 | |
7 | 530 *:verb* *:verbose* |
531 :[count]verb[ose] {command} | |
532 Execute {command} with 'verbose' set to [count]. If | |
8 | 533 [count] is omitted one is used. ":0verbose" can be |
534 used to set 'verbose' to zero. | |
7 | 535 The additional use of ":silent" makes messages |
536 generated but not displayed. | |
537 The combination of ":silent" and ":verbose" can be | |
538 used to generate messages and check them with | |
539 |v:statusmsg| and friends. For example: > | |
540 :let v:statusmsg = "" | |
541 :silent verbose runtime foobar.vim | |
542 :if v:statusmsg != "" | |
543 : " foobar.vim could not be found | |
544 :endif | |
545 < When concatenating another command, the ":verbose" | |
546 only applies to the first one: > | |
547 :4verbose set verbose | set verbose | |
548 < verbose=4 ~ | |
549 verbose=0 ~ | |
294 | 550 For logging verbose messages in a file use the |
551 'verbosefile' option. | |
7 | 552 |
484 | 553 *:verbose-cmd* |
554 When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing the value of a Vim option or a key map or | |
502 | 555 an abbreviation or a user-defined function or a command or a highlight group |
556 or an autocommand will also display where it was last defined. If it was | |
557 defined manually then there will be no "Last set" message. When it was | |
558 defined while executing a function, user command or autocommand, the script in | |
559 which it was defined is reported. | |
2570
71b56b4e7785
Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
560 {not available when compiled without the |+eval| feature} |
484 | 561 |
7 | 562 *K* |
563 K Run a program to lookup the keyword under the | |
564 cursor. The name of the program is given with the | |
565 'keywordprg' (kp) option (default is "man"). The | |
566 keyword is formed of letters, numbers and the | |
567 characters in 'iskeyword'. The keyword under or | |
568 right of the cursor is used. The same can be done | |
569 with the command > | |
570 :!{program} {keyword} | |
571 < There is an example of a program to use in the tools | |
572 directory of Vim. It is called 'ref' and does a | |
573 simple spelling check. | |
574 Special cases: | |
575 - If 'keywordprg' is empty, the ":help" command is | |
576 used. It's a good idea to include more characters | |
577 in 'iskeyword' then, to be able to find more help. | |
578 - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man", a count before | |
579 "K" is inserted after the "man" command and before | |
580 the keyword. For example, using "2K" while the | |
581 cursor is on "mkdir", results in: > | |
582 !man 2 mkdir | |
583 < - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man -s", a count | |
584 before "K" is inserted after the "-s". If there is | |
585 no count, the "-s" is removed. | |
586 {not in Vi} | |
587 | |
588 *v_K* | |
589 {Visual}K Like "K", but use the visually highlighted text for | |
590 the keyword. Only works when the highlighted text is | |
591 not more than one line. {not in Vi} | |
592 | |
593 [N]gs *gs* *:sl* *:sleep* | |
594 :[N]sl[eep] [N] [m] Do nothing for [N] seconds. When [m] is included, | |
237 | 595 sleep for [N] milliseconds. The count for "gs" always |
7 | 596 uses seconds. The default is one second. > |
597 :sleep "sleep for one second | |
598 :5sleep "sleep for five seconds | |
599 :sleep 100m "sleep for a hundred milliseconds | |
600 10gs "sleep for ten seconds | |
601 < Can be interrupted with CTRL-C (CTRL-Break on MS-DOS). | |
140 | 602 "gs" stands for "goto sleep". |
603 While sleeping the cursor is positioned in the text, | |
604 if at a visible position. {not in Vi} | |
7 | 605 |
606 *g_CTRL-A* | |
607 g CTRL-A Only when Vim was compiled with MEM_PROFILING defined | |
608 (which is very rare): print memory usage statistics. | |
609 Only useful for debugging Vim. | |
610 | |
611 ============================================================================== | |
2581 | 612 2. Using Vim like less or more *less* |
7 | 613 |
614 If you use the less or more program to view a file, you don't get syntax | |
615 highlighting. Thus you would like to use Vim instead. You can do this by | |
616 using the shell script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.sh". | |
617 | |
618 This shell script uses the Vim script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.vim". It sets | |
619 up mappings to simulate the commands that less supports. Otherwise, you can | |
620 still use the Vim commands. | |
621 | |
622 This isn't perfect. For example, when viewing a short file Vim will still use | |
623 the whole screen. But it works good enough for most uses, and you get syntax | |
624 highlighting. | |
625 | |
626 The "h" key will give you a short overview of the available commands. | |
627 | |
628 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |