Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/various.txt @ 26812:4545b6dd8210
Added tag v8.2.3934 for changeset f0fdd992cfb935396fa693e464249f9a7b453a20
| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 29 Dec 2021 16:30:04 +0100 |
| parents | f0d7cb510ce3 |
| children | 9805a7617981 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 26708 | 1 *various.txt* For Vim version 8.2. Last change: 2021 Dec 20 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Various commands *various* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 1. Various commands |various-cmds| | |
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10 2. Using Vim like less or more |less| |
| 7 | 11 |
| 12 ============================================================================== | |
| 13 1. Various commands *various-cmds* | |
| 14 | |
| 15 *CTRL-L* | |
| 348 | 16 CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen. The redraw may happen |
| 17 later, after processing typeahead. | |
| 7 | 18 |
| 19 *:redr* *:redraw* | |
| 20 :redr[aw][!] Redraw the screen right now. When ! is included it is | |
| 21 cleared first. | |
| 22 Useful to update the screen halfway executing a script | |
| 23 or function. Also when halfway a mapping and | |
| 24 'lazyredraw' is set. | |
| 25 | |
| 26 *:redraws* *:redrawstatus* | |
| 27 :redraws[tatus][!] Redraw the status line of the current window. When ! | |
| 28 is included all status lines are redrawn. | |
| 29 Useful to update the status line(s) when 'statusline' | |
| 30 includes an item that doesn't cause automatic | |
| 31 updating. | |
| 32 | |
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33 *:redrawt* *:redrawtabline* |
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34 :redrawt[abline] Redraw the tabline. Useful to update the tabline when |
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35 'tabline' includes an item that doesn't trigger |
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36 automatic updating. |
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37 |
| 7 | 38 *N<Del>* |
| 39 <Del> When entering a number: Remove the last digit. | |
| 40 Note: if you like to use <BS> for this, add this | |
| 41 mapping to your .vimrc: > | |
| 42 :map CTRL-V <BS> CTRL-V <Del> | |
| 43 < See |:fixdel| if your <Del> key does not do what you | |
| 44 want. | |
| 45 | |
| 46 :as[cii] or *ga* *:as* *:ascii* | |
| 47 ga Print the ascii value of the character under the | |
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48 cursor in decimal, hexadecimal and octal. |
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49 Mnemonic: Get Ascii value. |
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50 |
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51 For example, when the cursor is on a 'R': |
| 7 | 52 <R> 82, Hex 52, Octal 122 ~ |
| 53 When the character is a non-standard ASCII character, | |
| 54 but printable according to the 'isprint' option, the | |
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55 non-printable version is also given. |
| 18831 | 56 |
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57 When the character is larger than 127, the <M-x> form |
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58 is also printed. For example: |
| 7 | 59 <~A> <M-^A> 129, Hex 81, Octal 201 ~ |
| 60 <p> <|~> <M-~> 254, Hex fe, Octal 376 ~ | |
| 61 (where <p> is a special character) | |
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62 |
| 7 | 63 The <Nul> character in a file is stored internally as |
| 64 <NL>, but it will be shown as: | |
| 65 <^@> 0, Hex 00, Octal 000 ~ | |
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66 |
| 714 | 67 If the character has composing characters these are |
| 68 also shown. The value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. | |
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69 |
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70 If the character can be inserted as a digraph, also |
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71 output the two characters that can be used to create |
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72 the character: |
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73 <ö> 246, Hex 00f6, Oct 366, Digr o: ~ |
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74 This shows you can type CTRL-K o : to insert ö. |
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75 |
| 7 | 76 *g8* |
| 77 g8 Print the hex values of the bytes used in the | |
| 78 character under the cursor, assuming it is in |UTF-8| | |
| 714 | 79 encoding. This also shows composing characters. The |
| 80 value of 'maxcombine' doesn't matter. | |
| 81 Example of a character with two composing characters: | |
| 7 | 82 e0 b8 81 + e0 b8 b9 + e0 b9 89 ~ |
| 777 | 83 |
| 84 *8g8* | |
| 85 8g8 Find an illegal UTF-8 byte sequence at or after the | |
| 86 cursor. This works in two situations: | |
| 87 1. when 'encoding' is any 8-bit encoding | |
| 88 2. when 'encoding' is "utf-8" and 'fileencoding' is | |
| 89 any 8-bit encoding | |
| 90 Thus it can be used when editing a file that was | |
| 91 supposed to be UTF-8 but was read as if it is an 8-bit | |
| 92 encoding because it contains illegal bytes. | |
| 93 Does not wrap around the end of the file. | |
| 94 Note that when the cursor is on an illegal byte or the | |
| 21991 | 95 cursor is halfway a multibyte character the command |
| 777 | 96 won't move the cursor. |
| 7 | 97 |
| 843 | 98 *:p* *:pr* *:print* *E749* |
| 169 | 99 :[range]p[rint] [flags] |
| 100 Print [range] lines (default current line). | |
| 7 | 101 Note: If you are looking for a way to print your text |
| 169 | 102 on paper see |:hardcopy|. In the GUI you can use the |
| 103 File.Print menu entry. | |
| 104 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. | |
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105 The |:filter| command can be used to only show lines |
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106 matching a pattern. |
| 7 | 107 |
| 169 | 108 :[range]p[rint] {count} [flags] |
| 7 | 109 Print {count} lines, starting with [range] (default |
| 110 current line |cmdline-ranges|). | |
| 169 | 111 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 112 |
| 113 *:P* *:Print* | |
| 169 | 114 :[range]P[rint] [count] [flags] |
| 7 | 115 Just as ":print". Was apparently added to Vi for |
| 116 people that keep the shift key pressed too long... | |
| 2642 | 117 Note: A user command can overrule this command. |
| 169 | 118 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 119 |
| 120 *:l* *:list* | |
| 169 | 121 :[range]l[ist] [count] [flags] |
| 7 | 122 Same as :print, but display unprintable characters |
| 2458 | 123 with '^' and put $ after the line. This can be |
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124 further changed with the 'listchars' option. |
| 169 | 125 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 126 |
| 127 *:nu* *:number* | |
| 169 | 128 :[range]nu[mber] [count] [flags] |
| 7 | 129 Same as :print, but precede each line with its line |
| 677 | 130 number. (See also 'highlight' and 'numberwidth' |
| 131 option). | |
| 169 | 132 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 133 |
| 134 *:#* | |
| 169 | 135 :[range]# [count] [flags] |
| 136 synonym for :number. | |
| 7 | 137 |
| 1125 | 138 *:#!* |
| 139 :#!{anything} Ignored, so that you can start a Vim script with: > | |
| 1624 | 140 #!vim -S |
| 1125 | 141 echo "this is a Vim script" |
| 142 quit | |
| 143 < | |
| 7 | 144 *:z* *E144* |
| 22958 | 145 :[range]z[+-^.=][count] Display several lines of text surrounding the line |
| 146 specified with [range], or around the current line | |
| 147 if there is no [range]. | |
| 7 | 148 |
| 22958 | 149 If there is a [count], that's how many lines you'll |
| 150 see; if there is no [count] and only one window then | |
| 151 twice the value of the 'scroll' option is used, | |
| 152 otherwise the current window height minus 3 is used. | |
| 153 This is the value of "scr" in the table below. | |
| 154 | |
| 155 If there is a [count] the 'window' option is set to | |
| 3237 | 156 its value. |
| 157 | |
| 7 | 158 :z can be used either alone or followed by any of |
| 21991 | 159 several marks. These have the following effect: |
| 7 | 160 |
| 2725 | 161 mark first line last line new cursor line ~ |
| 7 | 162 ---- ---------- --------- ------------ |
| 163 + current line 1 scr forward 1 scr forward | |
| 164 - 1 scr back current line current line | |
| 165 ^ 2 scr back 1 scr back 1 scr back | |
| 159 | 166 . 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd 1/2 scr fwd |
| 167 = 1/2 scr back 1/2 scr fwd current line | |
| 7 | 168 |
| 169 Specifying no mark at all is the same as "+". | |
| 170 If the mark is "=", a line of dashes is printed | |
| 171 around the current line. | |
| 172 | |
| 25773 | 173 *:z!* |
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174 :[range]z![+-^.=][count] |
| 25973 | 175 Like ":z", but when [count] is not specified, it |
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176 defaults to the Vim window height minus one. |
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177 |
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178 :[range]z[!]#[+-^.=][count] *:z#* |
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179 Like ":z" or ":z!", but number the lines. |
| 7 | 180 |
| 181 *:=* | |
| 169 | 182 := [flags] Print the last line number. |
| 183 See |ex-flags| for [flags]. | |
| 7 | 184 |
| 169 | 185 :{range}= [flags] Prints the last line number in {range}. For example, |
| 7 | 186 this prints the current line number: > |
| 187 :.= | |
| 169 | 188 < See |ex-flags| for [flags]. |
| 7 | 189 |
| 190 :norm[al][!] {commands} *:norm* *:normal* | |
| 191 Execute Normal mode commands {commands}. This makes | |
| 192 it possible to execute Normal mode commands typed on | |
| 2596 | 193 the command-line. {commands} are executed like they |
| 194 are typed. For undo all commands are undone together. | |
| 1125 | 195 Execution stops when an error is encountered. |
| 4073 | 196 |
| 7 | 197 If the [!] is given, mappings will not be used. |
| 4073 | 198 Without it, when this command is called from a |
| 199 non-remappable mapping (|:noremap|), the argument can | |
| 200 be mapped anyway. | |
| 201 | |
| 7 | 202 {commands} should be a complete command. If |
| 203 {commands} does not finish a command, the last one | |
| 204 will be aborted as if <Esc> or <C-C> was typed. | |
| 205 This implies that an insert command must be completed | |
| 206 (to start Insert mode, see |:startinsert|). A ":" | |
| 161 | 207 command must be completed as well. And you can't use |
| 208 "Q" or "gQ" to start Ex mode. | |
| 4073 | 209 |
| 210 The display is not updated while ":normal" is busy. | |
| 211 | |
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212 {commands} cannot start with a space. Put a count of |
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213 1 (one) before it, "1 " is one space. |
| 4073 | 214 |
| 7 | 215 The 'insertmode' option is ignored for {commands}. |
| 4073 | 216 |
| 7 | 217 This command cannot be followed by another command, |
| 218 since any '|' is considered part of the command. | |
| 4073 | 219 |
| 7 | 220 This command can be used recursively, but the depth is |
| 221 limited by 'maxmapdepth'. | |
| 4073 | 222 |
| 7 | 223 An alternative is to use |:execute|, which uses an |
| 224 expression as argument. This allows the use of | |
| 2264 | 225 printable characters to represent special characters. |
| 4073 | 226 |
| 2264 | 227 Example: > |
| 7 | 228 :exe "normal \<c-w>\<c-w>" |
| 229 | |
| 230 :{range}norm[al][!] {commands} *:normal-range* | |
| 231 Execute Normal mode commands {commands} for each line | |
| 232 in the {range}. Before executing the {commands}, the | |
| 233 cursor is positioned in the first column of the range, | |
| 234 for each line. Otherwise it's the same as the | |
| 235 ":normal" command without a range. | |
| 236 | |
| 237 *:sh* *:shell* *E371* | |
| 238 :sh[ell] This command starts a shell. When the shell exits | |
| 239 (after the "exit" command) you return to Vim. The | |
| 240 name for the shell command comes from 'shell' option. | |
| 241 *E360* | |
| 242 Note: This doesn't work when Vim on the Amiga was | |
| 243 started in QuickFix mode from a compiler, because the | |
| 244 compiler will have set stdin to a non-interactive | |
| 245 mode. | |
| 246 | |
| 247 *:!cmd* *:!* *E34* | |
| 248 :!{cmd} Execute {cmd} with the shell. See also the 'shell' | |
| 249 and 'shelltype' option. | |
| 5814 | 250 |
| 7 | 251 Any '!' in {cmd} is replaced with the previous |
| 252 external command (see also 'cpoptions'). But not when | |
| 253 there is a backslash before the '!', then that | |
| 254 backslash is removed. Example: ":!ls" followed by | |
| 255 ":!echo ! \! \\!" executes "echo ls ! \!". | |
| 5814 | 256 |
| 1624 | 257 A '|' in {cmd} is passed to the shell, you cannot use |
| 258 it to append a Vim command. See |:bar|. | |
| 5814 | 259 |
| 260 If {cmd} contains "%" it is expanded to the current | |
| 20753 | 261 file name, "#" is expanded to the alternate file name. |
| 262 Special characters in the file name are not escaped, | |
| 263 use quotes to avoid their special meaning: > | |
| 5814 | 264 :!ls "%" |
| 20753 | 265 < If the file name contains a "$" then single quotes |
| 266 might work better, but this only works if the file | |
| 267 name does not contain a single quote: > | |
| 5814 | 268 :!ls '%' |
| 269 < This should always work, but it's more typing: > | |
| 270 :exe "!ls " . shellescape(expand("%")) | |
| 20753 | 271 < To get a literal "%" or "#" prepend it with a |
| 272 backslash. For example, to list all files starting | |
| 273 with "%": > | |
| 274 :!ls \%* | |
| 5814 | 275 < |
| 7 | 276 A newline character ends {cmd}, what follows is |
| 277 interpreted as a following ":" command. However, if | |
| 278 there is a backslash before the newline it is removed | |
| 279 and {cmd} continues. It doesn't matter how many | |
| 280 backslashes are before the newline, only one is | |
| 281 removed. | |
| 5814 | 282 |
| 7 | 283 On Unix the command normally runs in a non-interactive |
| 284 shell. If you want an interactive shell to be used | |
| 285 (to use aliases) set 'shellcmdflag' to "-ic". | |
| 286 For Win32 also see |:!start|. | |
| 5814 | 287 |
| 5908 | 288 After the command has been executed, the timestamp and |
| 289 size of the current file is checked |timestamp|. | |
| 5814 | 290 |
| 7 | 291 Vim redraws the screen after the command is finished, |
| 292 because it may have printed any text. This requires a | |
| 293 hit-enter prompt, so that you can read any messages. | |
| 294 To avoid this use: > | |
| 295 :silent !{cmd} | |
| 296 < The screen is not redrawn then, thus you have to use | |
| 297 CTRL-L or ":redraw!" if the command did display | |
| 298 something. | |
| 299 Also see |shell-window|. | |
| 300 | |
| 301 *:!!* | |
| 302 :!! Repeat last ":!{cmd}". | |
| 303 | |
| 16944 | 304 *:ve* *:ver* *:version* |
| 7 | 305 :ve[rsion] Print the version number of the editor. If the |
| 306 compiler used understands "__DATE__" the compilation | |
| 307 date is mentioned. Otherwise a fixed release-date is | |
| 308 shown. | |
| 309 The following lines contain information about which | |
| 310 features were enabled when Vim was compiled. When | |
| 311 there is a preceding '+', the feature is included, | |
| 312 when there is a '-' it is excluded. To change this, | |
| 313 you have to edit feature.h and recompile Vim. | |
| 314 To check for this in an expression, see |has()|. | |
| 315 Here is an overview of the features. | |
| 316 The first column shows the smallest version in which | |
| 317 they are included: | |
| 13437 | 318 T tiny (always) |
| 7 | 319 S small |
| 320 N normal | |
| 321 B big | |
| 322 H huge | |
| 323 m manually enabled or depends on other features | |
| 18790 | 324 - never, feature was removed |
| 7 | 325 (none) system dependent |
| 326 Thus if a feature is marked with "N", it is included | |
| 327 in the normal, big and huge versions of Vim. | |
| 328 | |
| 329 *+feature-list* | |
| 5340 | 330 *+acl* |ACL| support included |
| 7 | 331 *+ARP* Amiga only: ARP support included |
| 332 B *+arabic* |Arabic| language support | |
| 19721 | 333 B *+autochdir* support 'autochdir' option |
| 13437 | 334 T *+autocmd* |:autocmd|, automatic commands |
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335 H *+autoservername* Automatically enable |clientserver| |
| 12909 | 336 m *+balloon_eval* |balloon-eval| support in the GUI. Included when |
| 337 compiling with supported GUI (Motif, GTK, GUI) and | |
| 338 either Netbeans/Sun Workshop integration or |+eval| | |
| 339 feature. | |
| 340 H *+balloon_eval_term* |balloon-eval| support in the terminal, | |
| 341 'balloonevalterm' | |
| 7 | 342 N *+browse* |:browse| command |
| 343 N *+builtin_terms* some terminals builtin |builtin-terms| | |
| 344 B *++builtin_terms* maximal terminals builtin |builtin-terms| | |
| 345 N *+byte_offset* support for 'o' flag in 'statusline' option, "go" | |
| 346 and ":goto" commands. | |
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347 m *+channel* inter process communication |channel| |
| 7 | 348 N *+cindent* |'cindent'|, C indenting |
| 349 N *+clientserver* Unix and Win32: Remote invocation |clientserver| | |
| 17758 | 350 *+clipboard* |clipboard| support compiled-in |
| 351 *+clipboard_working* |clipboard| support compiled-in and working | |
| 17909 | 352 T *+cmdline_compl* command line completion |cmdline-completion| |
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353 T *+cmdline_hist* command line history |cmdline-history| |
| 7 | 354 N *+cmdline_info* |'showcmd'| and |'ruler'| |
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355 S *+cmdwin* |cmdline-window| support |
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356 T *+comments* |'comments'| support |
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357 B *+conceal* "conceal" support, see |conceal| |:syn-conceal| etc. |
| 7 | 358 N *+cryptv* encryption support |encryption| |
| 359 B *+cscope* |cscope| support | |
| 13437 | 360 T *+cursorbind* |'cursorbind'| support |
| 500 | 361 m *+cursorshape* |termcap-cursor-shape| support |
| 362 m *+debug* Compiled for debugging. | |
| 7 | 363 N *+dialog_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI dialog. |
| 364 N *+dialog_con* Support for |:confirm| with console dialog. | |
| 365 N *+dialog_con_gui* Support for |:confirm| with GUI and console dialog. | |
| 366 N *+diff* |vimdiff| and 'diff' | |
| 367 N *+digraphs* |digraphs| *E196* | |
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368 *+directx* Win32 GUI only: DirectX and |'renderoptions'| |
| 7 | 369 *+dnd* Support for DnD into the "~ register |quote_~|. |
| 370 B *+emacs_tags* |emacs-tags| files | |
| 371 N *+eval* expression evaluation |eval.txt| | |
| 26438 | 372 T *+ex_extra* always on now, used to be for Vim's extra Ex commands |
| 7 | 373 N *+extra_search* |'hlsearch'| and |'incsearch'| options. |
| 18790 | 374 - *+farsi* Removed: |farsi| language |
| 7 | 375 N *+file_in_path* |gf|, |CTRL-W_f| and |<cfile>| |
| 376 N *+find_in_path* include file searches: |[I|, |:isearch|, | |
| 377 |CTRL-W_CTRL-I|, |:checkpath|, etc. | |
| 378 N *+folding* |folding| | |
| 379 *+footer* |gui-footer| | |
| 380 *+fork* Unix only: |fork| shell commands | |
| 1624 | 381 *+float* Floating point support |
| 7 | 382 N *+gettext* message translations |multi-lang| |
| 383 *+GUI_Athena* Unix only: Athena |GUI| | |
| 384 *+GUI_neXtaw* Unix only: neXtaw |GUI| | |
| 385 *+GUI_GTK* Unix only: GTK+ |GUI| | |
| 386 *+GUI_Motif* Unix only: Motif |GUI| | |
| 387 *+GUI_Photon* QNX only: Photon |GUI| | |
| 388 m *+hangul_input* Hangul input support |hangul| | |
| 557 | 389 *+iconv* Compiled with the |iconv()| function |
| 390 *+iconv/dyn* Likewise |iconv-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
| 17909 | 391 T *+insert_expand* |insert_expand| Insert mode completion |
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392 m *+ipv6* Support for IPv6 networking |channel| |
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393 m *+job* starting and stopping jobs |job| |
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394 T *+jumplist* |jumplist|; Always enabled since 8.2.3795 |
| 7 | 395 B *+keymap* |'keymap'| |
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396 N *+lambda* |lambda| and |closure| |
| 7 | 397 B *+langmap* |'langmap'| |
| 398 N *+libcall* |libcall()| | |
| 399 N *+linebreak* |'linebreak'|, |'breakat'| and |'showbreak'| | |
| 400 N *+lispindent* |'lisp'| | |
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401 T *+listcmds* Vim commands for the list of buffers |buffer-hidden| |
| 7 | 402 and argument list |:argdelete| |
| 17667 | 403 T *+localmap* Support for mappings local to a buffer |:map-local| |
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404 m *+lua* |Lua| interface |
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405 m *+lua/dyn* |Lua| interface |/dyn| |
| 7 | 406 N *+menu* |:menu| |
| 407 N *+mksession* |:mksession| | |
| 18016 | 408 T *+modify_fname* |filename-modifiers| |
| 18456 | 409 T *+mouse* Mouse handling |mouse-using| |
| 7 | 410 N *+mouseshape* |'mouseshape'| |
| 411 B *+mouse_dec* Unix only: Dec terminal mouse handling |dec-mouse| | |
| 412 N *+mouse_gpm* Unix only: Linux console mouse handling |gpm-mouse| | |
| 5929 | 413 N *+mouse_jsbterm* JSB mouse handling |jsbterm-mouse| |
| 7 | 414 B *+mouse_netterm* Unix only: netterm mouse handling |netterm-mouse| |
| 3996 | 415 N *+mouse_pterm* QNX only: pterm mouse handling |qnx-terminal| |
| 1624 | 416 N *+mouse_sysmouse* Unix only: *BSD console mouse handling |sysmouse| |
| 3750 | 417 B *+mouse_sgr* Unix only: sgr mouse handling |sgr-mouse| |
| 3996 | 418 B *+mouse_urxvt* Unix only: urxvt mouse handling |urxvt-mouse| |
| 419 N *+mouse_xterm* Unix only: xterm mouse handling |xterm-mouse| | |
| 23666 | 420 T *+multi_byte* Unicode support, 16 and 32 bit characters |multibyte| |
| 7 | 421 *+multi_byte_ime* Win32 input method for multibyte chars |multibyte-ime| |
| 3996 | 422 N *+multi_lang* non-English language support |multi-lang| |
| 14 | 423 m *+mzscheme* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme| |
| 625 | 424 m *+mzscheme/dyn* Mzscheme interface |mzscheme-dynamic| |/dyn| |
| 7 | 425 m *+netbeans_intg* |netbeans| |
| 26438 | 426 T *+num64* 64-bit Number support |Number| |
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427 Always enabled since 8.2.0271, use v:numbersize to |
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428 check the actual size of a Number. |
| 3996 | 429 m *+ole* Win32 GUI only: |ole-interface| |
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430 N *+packages* Loading |packages| |
| 3996 | 431 N *+path_extra* Up/downwards search in 'path' and 'tags' |
| 557 | 432 m *+perl* Perl interface |perl| |
| 433 m *+perl/dyn* Perl interface |perl-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
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434 N *+persistent_undo* Persistent undo |undo-persistence| |
| 18790 | 435 N *+popupwin* Popup windows |popup-window| |
| 3996 | 436 *+postscript* |:hardcopy| writes a PostScript file |
| 7 | 437 N *+printer* |:hardcopy| command |
| 179 | 438 H *+profile* |:profile| command |
| 2368 | 439 m *+python* Python 2 interface |python| |
| 3996 | 440 m *+python/dyn* Python 2 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| |
| 2368 | 441 m *+python3* Python 3 interface |python| |
| 3996 | 442 m *+python3/dyn* Python 3 interface |python-dynamic| |/dyn| |
| 7 | 443 N *+quickfix* |:make| and |quickfix| commands |
| 1624 | 444 N *+reltime* |reltime()| function, 'hlsearch'/'incsearch' timeout, |
| 445 'redrawtime' option | |
| 7 | 446 B *+rightleft* Right to left typing |'rightleft'| |
| 557 | 447 m *+ruby* Ruby interface |ruby| |
| 448 m *+ruby/dyn* Ruby interface |ruby-dynamic| |/dyn| | |
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449 T *+scrollbind* |'scrollbind'| |
| 7 | 450 B *+signs* |:sign| |
| 3996 | 451 N *+smartindent* |'smartindent'| |
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452 B *+sodium* compiled with libsodium for better encryption support |
| 17036 | 453 B *+sound* |sound_playevent()|, |sound_playfile()| functions, etc. |
| 454 N *+spell* spell checking support, see |spell| | |
| 3996 | 455 N *+startuptime* |--startuptime| argument |
| 456 N *+statusline* Options 'statusline', 'rulerformat' and special | |
| 7 | 457 formats of 'titlestring' and 'iconstring' |
| 18790 | 458 - *+sun_workshop* Removed: |workshop| |
| 7 | 459 N *+syntax* Syntax highlighting |syntax| |
| 460 *+system()* Unix only: opposite of |+fork| | |
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461 T *+tag_binary* binary searching in tags file |tag-binary-search| |
| 18790 | 462 - *+tag_old_static* Removed; method for static tags |tag-old-static| |
| 463 - *+tag_any_white* Removed; was to allow any white space in tags files | |
| 3996 | 464 m *+tcl* Tcl interface |tcl| |
| 557 | 465 m *+tcl/dyn* Tcl interface |tcl-dynamic| |/dyn| |
| 12045 | 466 m *+terminal* Support for terminal window |terminal| |
| 7 | 467 *+terminfo* uses |terminfo| instead of termcap |
| 468 N *+termresponse* support for |t_RV| and |v:termresponse| | |
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469 B *+termguicolors* 24-bit color in xterm-compatible terminals support |
| 3996 | 470 N *+textobjects* |text-objects| selection |
| 15194 | 471 N *+textprop* |text-properties| |
| 7 | 472 *+tgetent* non-Unix only: able to use external termcap |
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473 N *+timers* the |timer_start()| function |
| 26438 | 474 T *+title* Setting the window 'title' and 'icon'; Always enabled |
| 7 | 475 N *+toolbar* |gui-toolbar| |
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476 T *+user_commands* User-defined commands. |user-commands| |
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477 Always enabled since 8.1.1210. |
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478 B *+vartabs* Variable-width tabstops. |'vartabstop'| |
| 7 | 479 N *+viminfo* |'viminfo'| |
| 26438 | 480 T *+vertsplit* Vertically split windows |:vsplit|; Always enabled |
| 12499 | 481 since 8.0.1118. |
| 26438 | 482 T *+virtualedit* |'virtualedit'| Always enabled since 8.1.826. |
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483 T *+visual* Visual mode |Visual-mode| Always enabled since 7.4.200. |
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484 T *+visualextra* extra Visual mode commands |blockwise-operators| |
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485 T *+vreplace* |gR| and |gr| |
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486 *+vtp* on MS-Windows console: support for 'termguicolors' |
| 3996 | 487 N *+wildignore* |'wildignore'| |
| 7 | 488 N *+wildmenu* |'wildmenu'| |
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489 T *+windows* more than one window; Always enabled since 8.0.1118. |
| 3996 | 490 m *+writebackup* |'writebackup'| is default on |
| 491 m *+xim* X input method |xim| | |
| 7 | 492 *+xfontset* X fontset support |xfontset| |
| 5340 | 493 *+xpm* pixmap support |
| 3750 | 494 m *+xpm_w32* Win32 GUI only: pixmap support |w32-xpm-support| |
| 7 | 495 *+xsmp* XSMP (X session management) support |
| 496 *+xsmp_interact* interactive XSMP (X session management) support | |
| 497 N *+xterm_clipboard* Unix only: xterm clipboard handling | |
| 3996 | 498 m *+xterm_save* save and restore xterm screen |xterm-screens| |
| 499 N *+X11* Unix only: can restore window title |X11| | |
| 7 | 500 |
| 501 */dyn* *E370* *E448* | |
| 502 To some of the features "/dyn" is added when the | |
| 503 feature is only available when the related library can | |
| 504 be dynamically loaded. | |
| 505 | |
| 506 :ve[rsion] {nr} Is now ignored. This was previously used to check the | |
| 507 version number of a .vimrc file. It was removed, | |
| 508 because you can now use the ":if" command for | |
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509 version-dependent behavior. |
| 7 | 510 |
| 511 *:redi* *:redir* | |
| 512 :redi[r][!] > {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. The messages which | |
| 513 are the output of commands are written to that file, | |
| 514 until redirection ends. The messages are also still | |
| 515 shown on the screen. When [!] is included, an | |
| 516 existing file is overwritten. When [!] is omitted, | |
| 517 and {file} exists, this command fails. | |
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518 |
| 7 | 519 Only one ":redir" can be active at a time. Calls to |
| 520 ":redir" will close any active redirection before | |
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521 starting redirection to the new target. For recursive |
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522 use check out |execute()|. |
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523 |
| 7 | 524 To stop the messages and commands from being echoed to |
| 525 the screen, put the commands in a function and call it | |
| 526 with ":silent call Function()". | |
| 294 | 527 An alternative is to use the 'verbosefile' option, |
| 528 this can be used in combination with ":redir". | |
| 7 | 529 |
| 530 :redi[r] >> {file} Redirect messages to file {file}. Append if {file} | |
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531 already exists. |
| 7 | 532 |
| 1624 | 533 :redi[r] @{a-zA-Z} |
| 298 | 534 :redi[r] @{a-zA-Z}> Redirect messages to register {a-z}. Append to the |
| 7 | 535 contents of the register if its name is given |
| 1624 | 536 uppercase {A-Z}. The ">" after the register name is |
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537 optional. |
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538 :redi[r] @{a-z}>> Append messages to register {a-z}. |
| 7 | 539 |
| 18831 | 540 :redi[r] @*> |
| 1125 | 541 :redi[r] @+> Redirect messages to the selection or clipboard. For |
| 542 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register | |
| 543 name can be omitted. See |quotestar| and |quoteplus|. | |
| 18831 | 544 :redi[r] @*>> |
| 1125 | 545 :redi[r] @+>> Append messages to the selection or clipboard. |
| 7 | 546 |
| 298 | 547 :redi[r] @"> Redirect messages to the unnamed register. For |
| 548 backward compatibility, the ">" after the register | |
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549 name can be omitted. |
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550 :redi[r] @">> Append messages to the unnamed register. |
| 7 | 551 |
| 26708 | 552 :redi[r] => {var} Redirect messages to a variable. |
| 553 In legacy script: If the variable doesn't exist, then | |
| 554 it is created. If the variable exists, then it is | |
| 555 initialized to an empty string. After the redirection | |
| 556 starts, if the variable is removed or locked or the | |
| 557 variable type is changed, then further command output | |
| 558 messages will cause errors. | |
| 559 In Vim9 script: the variable must have been declared | |
| 560 as a string. | |
| 1125 | 561 The variable will remain empty until redirection ends. |
| 26708 | 562 Only string variables can be used. |
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563 To get the output of one command the |execute()| |
| 20115 | 564 function can be used instead of redirection. |
| 169 | 565 |
| 566 :redi[r] =>> {var} Append messages to an existing variable. Only string | |
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567 variables can be used. |
| 169 | 568 |
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569 :redi[r] END End redirecting messages. |
| 7 | 570 |
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571 *:filt* *:filter* |
| 11062 | 572 :filt[er][!] {pat} {command} |
| 573 :filt[er][!] /{pat}/ {command} | |
| 574 Restrict the output of {command} to lines matching | |
| 575 with {pat}. For example, to list only xml files: > | |
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576 :filter /\.xml$/ oldfiles |
| 11062 | 577 < If the [!] is given, restrict the output of {command} |
| 578 to lines that do NOT match {pat}. | |
| 579 | |
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580 {pat} is a Vim search pattern. Instead of enclosing |
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581 it in / any non-ID character (see |'isident'|) can be |
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582 used, so long as it does not appear in {pat}. Without |
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583 the enclosing character the pattern cannot include the |
| 24103 | 584 bar character. 'ignorecase' is not used. |
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585 |
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586 The pattern is matched against the relevant part of |
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587 the output, not necessarily the whole line. Only some |
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588 commands support filtering, try it out to check if it |
|
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589 works. Some of the commands that support filtering: |
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590 |:#| - filter whole line |
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591 |:clist| - filter by file name or module name |
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592 |:command| - filter by command name |
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593 |:files| - filter by file name |
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594 |:highlight| - filter by highlight group |
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595 |:jumps| - filter by file name |
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596 |:let| - filter by variable name |
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597 |:list| - filter whole line |
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598 |:llist| - filter by file name or module name |
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599 |:marks| - filter by text in the current file, |
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600 or file name for other files |
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601 |:oldfiles| - filter by file name |
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602 |:registers| - filter by register contents |
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603 (does not work multi-line) |
| 26591 | 604 |:set| - filter by option name |
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605 |
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606 Only normal messages are filtered, error messages are |
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607 not. |
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608 |
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609 *:sil* *:silent* *:silent!* |
| 7 | 610 :sil[ent][!] {command} Execute {command} silently. Normal messages will not |
| 611 be given or added to the message history. | |
| 612 When [!] is added, error messages will also be | |
| 613 skipped, and commands and mappings will not be aborted | |
| 614 when an error is detected. |v:errmsg| is still set. | |
| 615 When [!] is not used, an error message will cause | |
| 616 further messages to be displayed normally. | |
| 617 Redirection, started with |:redir|, will continue as | |
| 618 usual, although there might be small differences. | |
| 619 This will allow redirecting the output of a command | |
| 620 without seeing it on the screen. Example: > | |
| 621 :redir >/tmp/foobar | |
| 622 :silent g/Aap/p | |
| 623 :redir END | |
| 624 < To execute a Normal mode command silently, use the | |
| 625 |:normal| command. For example, to search for a | |
| 626 string without messages: > | |
| 627 :silent exe "normal /path\<CR>" | |
| 628 < ":silent!" is useful to execute a command that may | |
| 629 fail, but the failure is to be ignored. Example: > | |
| 630 :let v:errmsg = "" | |
| 631 :silent! /^begin | |
| 632 :if v:errmsg != "" | |
| 633 : ... pattern was not found | |
| 634 < ":silent" will also avoid the hit-enter prompt. When | |
| 635 using this for an external command, this may cause the | |
| 636 screen to be messed up. Use |CTRL-L| to clean it up | |
| 637 then. | |
| 638 ":silent menu ..." defines a menu that will not echo a | |
| 639 Command-line command. The command will still produce | |
| 640 messages though. Use ":silent" in the command itself | |
| 641 to avoid that: ":silent menu .... :silent command". | |
| 642 | |
| 1926 | 643 *:uns* *:unsilent* |
| 644 :uns[ilent] {command} Execute {command} not silently. Only makes a | |
| 645 difference when |:silent| was used to get to this | |
| 646 command. | |
| 647 Use this for giving a message even when |:silent| was | |
| 648 used. In this example |:silent| is used to avoid the | |
| 649 message about reading the file and |:unsilent| to be | |
| 650 able to list the first line of each file. > | |
| 651 :silent argdo unsilent echo expand('%') . ": " . getline(1) | |
| 652 < | |
| 653 | |
| 7 | 654 *:verb* *:verbose* |
| 655 :[count]verb[ose] {command} | |
| 656 Execute {command} with 'verbose' set to [count]. If | |
| 8 | 657 [count] is omitted one is used. ":0verbose" can be |
| 658 used to set 'verbose' to zero. | |
| 7 | 659 The additional use of ":silent" makes messages |
| 660 generated but not displayed. | |
| 661 The combination of ":silent" and ":verbose" can be | |
| 662 used to generate messages and check them with | |
| 663 |v:statusmsg| and friends. For example: > | |
| 664 :let v:statusmsg = "" | |
| 665 :silent verbose runtime foobar.vim | |
| 666 :if v:statusmsg != "" | |
| 667 : " foobar.vim could not be found | |
| 668 :endif | |
| 669 < When concatenating another command, the ":verbose" | |
| 670 only applies to the first one: > | |
| 671 :4verbose set verbose | set verbose | |
| 672 < verbose=4 ~ | |
| 673 verbose=0 ~ | |
| 294 | 674 For logging verbose messages in a file use the |
| 675 'verbosefile' option. | |
| 7 | 676 |
| 484 | 677 *:verbose-cmd* |
| 678 When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing the value of a Vim option or a key map or | |
| 502 | 679 an abbreviation or a user-defined function or a command or a highlight group |
| 680 or an autocommand will also display where it was last defined. If it was | |
| 681 defined manually then there will be no "Last set" message. When it was | |
| 682 defined while executing a function, user command or autocommand, the script in | |
| 683 which it was defined is reported. | |
|
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684 {not available when compiled without the |+eval| feature} |
| 484 | 685 |
| 7 | 686 *K* |
| 687 K Run a program to lookup the keyword under the | |
| 688 cursor. The name of the program is given with the | |
| 689 'keywordprg' (kp) option (default is "man"). The | |
| 690 keyword is formed of letters, numbers and the | |
| 691 characters in 'iskeyword'. The keyword under or | |
| 692 right of the cursor is used. The same can be done | |
| 693 with the command > | |
| 694 :!{program} {keyword} | |
| 695 < There is an example of a program to use in the tools | |
| 11062 | 696 directory of Vim. It is called "ref" and does a |
| 7 | 697 simple spelling check. |
| 698 Special cases: | |
|
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699 - If 'keywordprg' begins with ":" it is invoked as |
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|
700 a Vim Ex command with [count]. |
| 7 | 701 - If 'keywordprg' is empty, the ":help" command is |
| 702 used. It's a good idea to include more characters | |
| 703 in 'iskeyword' then, to be able to find more help. | |
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704 - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man" or starts with |
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705 ":", a [count] before "K" is inserted after |
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706 keywordprg and before the keyword. For example, |
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707 using "2K" while the cursor is on "mkdir", results |
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708 in: > |
| 7 | 709 !man 2 mkdir |
| 710 < - When 'keywordprg' is equal to "man -s", a count | |
| 711 before "K" is inserted after the "-s". If there is | |
| 712 no count, the "-s" is removed. | |
| 713 | |
| 714 *v_K* | |
| 715 {Visual}K Like "K", but use the visually highlighted text for | |
| 716 the keyword. Only works when the highlighted text is | |
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717 not more than one line. |
| 7 | 718 |
| 719 [N]gs *gs* *:sl* *:sleep* | |
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720 :[N]sl[eep] [N][m] Do nothing for [N] seconds. When [m] is included, |
| 237 | 721 sleep for [N] milliseconds. The count for "gs" always |
| 7 | 722 uses seconds. The default is one second. > |
| 723 :sleep "sleep for one second | |
| 724 :5sleep "sleep for five seconds | |
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725 :sleep 100m "sleep for 100 milliseconds |
| 7 | 726 10gs "sleep for ten seconds |
| 18972 | 727 < Can be interrupted with CTRL-C (CTRL-Break on |
| 728 MS-Windows). "gs" stands for "goto sleep". | |
| 140 | 729 While sleeping the cursor is positioned in the text, |
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730 if at a visible position. |
| 3153 | 731 Also process the received netbeans messages. {only |
| 732 available when compiled with the |+netbeans_intg| | |
| 733 feature} | |
| 734 | |
| 23666 | 735 *:sl!* *:sleep!* |
| 24911 | 736 :[N]sl[eep]! [N][m] Same as above, but hide the cursor. |
| 23666 | 737 |
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738 *:xrestore* *:xr* |
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739 :xr[estore] [display] Reinitializes the connection to the X11 server. Useful |
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740 after the X server restarts, e.g. when running Vim for |
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741 long time inside screen/tmux and connecting from |
| 16808 | 742 different machines. |
| 18831 | 743 [display] should be in the format of the $DISPLAY |
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744 environment variable (e.g. "localhost:10.0") |
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745 If [display] is omitted, then it reinitializes the |
|
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746 connection to the X11 server using the same value as |
|
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747 was used for the previous execution of this command. |
|
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748 If the value was never specified, then it uses the |
|
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749 value of $DISPLAY environment variable as it was when |
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750 Vim was started. |
| 18831 | 751 {only available when compiled with the |+clipboard| |
|
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752 feature} |
| 7 | 753 |
| 754 *g_CTRL-A* | |
| 755 g CTRL-A Only when Vim was compiled with MEM_PROFILING defined | |
| 756 (which is very rare): print memory usage statistics. | |
| 757 Only useful for debugging Vim. | |
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758 For incrementing in Visual mode see |v_g_CTRL-A|. |
| 7 | 759 |
| 760 ============================================================================== | |
| 2581 | 761 2. Using Vim like less or more *less* |
| 7 | 762 |
| 763 If you use the less or more program to view a file, you don't get syntax | |
| 764 highlighting. Thus you would like to use Vim instead. You can do this by | |
| 765 using the shell script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.sh". | |
| 766 | |
| 767 This shell script uses the Vim script "$VIMRUNTIME/macros/less.vim". It sets | |
| 768 up mappings to simulate the commands that less supports. Otherwise, you can | |
| 769 still use the Vim commands. | |
| 770 | |
| 771 This isn't perfect. For example, when viewing a short file Vim will still use | |
| 21250 | 772 the whole screen. But it works well enough for most uses, and you get syntax |
| 7 | 773 highlighting. |
| 774 | |
| 775 The "h" key will give you a short overview of the available commands. | |
| 776 | |
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777 If you want to set options differently when using less, define the |
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778 LessInitFunc in your vimrc, for example: > |
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779 |
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780 func LessInitFunc() |
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781 set nocursorcolumn nocursorline |
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782 endfunc |
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783 < |
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784 |
| 14432 | 785 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |