Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/vi_diff.txt @ 16443:32a543152dc0 v8.1.1226
patch 8.1.1226: {not in Vi} remarks get in the way of useful help text
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6c60f47fb9251e686217d51cf81847e14d0dd26d
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Sun Apr 28 16:00:35 2019 +0200
patch 8.1.1226: {not in Vi} remarks get in the way of useful help text
Problem: {not in Vi} remarks get in the way of useful help text.
Solution: Make a list of all Vi options, instead of mentioning what Vi does
not have. Update the help text for options.
| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Sun, 28 Apr 2019 16:15:06 +0200 |
| parents | 5c5908e81e93 |
| children | 0e473e9e70c2 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
|
16443
32a543152dc0
patch 8.1.1226: {not in Vi} remarks get in the way of useful help text
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
14519
diff
changeset
|
1 *vi_diff.txt* For Vim version 8.1. Last change: 2019 Apr 28 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Differences between Vim and Vi *vi-differences* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 Throughout the help files differences between Vim and Vi/Ex are given in | |
| 10 curly braces, like "{not in Vi}". This file only lists what has not been | |
| 11 mentioned in other files and gives an overview. | |
| 12 | |
| 13 Vim is mostly POSIX 1003.2-1 compliant. The only command known to be missing | |
| 14 is ":open". There are probably a lot of small differences (either because Vim | |
| 15 is missing something or because Posix is beside the mark). | |
| 16 | |
| 166 | 17 1. Simulated command |simulated-command| |
| 7 | 18 2. Missing options |missing-options| |
| 19 3. Limits |limits| | |
| 20 4. The most interesting additions |vim-additions| | |
| 21 5. Other vim features |other-features| | |
|
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patch 8.1.1226: {not in Vi} remarks get in the way of useful help text
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
14519
diff
changeset
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22 6. Supported Vi features |vi-features| |
|
32a543152dc0
patch 8.1.1226: {not in Vi} remarks get in the way of useful help text
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
14519
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23 7. Command-line arguments |cmdline-arguments| |
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32a543152dc0
patch 8.1.1226: {not in Vi} remarks get in the way of useful help text
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
14519
diff
changeset
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24 8. POSIX compliance |posix-compliance| |
| 7 | 25 |
| 26 ============================================================================== | |
| 166 | 27 1. Simulated command *simulated-command* |
| 28 | |
| 1118 | 29 This command is in Vi, but Vim only simulates it: |
| 166 | 30 |
| 31 *:o* *:op* *:open* | |
| 32 :[range]o[pen] Works like |:visual|: end Ex mode. | |
| 33 {Vi: start editing in open mode} | |
| 7 | 34 |
| 166 | 35 :[range]o[pen] /pattern/ As above, additionally move the cursor to the |
| 36 column where "pattern" matches in the cursor | |
| 37 line. | |
| 7 | 38 |
| 166 | 39 Vim does not support open mode, since it's not really useful. For those |
| 40 situations where ":open" would start open mode Vim will leave Ex mode, which | |
| 41 allows executing the same commands, but updates the whole screen instead of | |
| 42 only one line. | |
| 7 | 43 |
| 44 ============================================================================== | |
| 45 2. Missing options *missing-options* | |
| 46 | |
| 47 These options are in the Unix Vi, but not in Vim. If you try to set one of | |
| 48 them you won't get an error message, but the value is not used and cannot be | |
| 49 printed. | |
| 50 | |
| 51 autoprint (ap) boolean (default on) *'autoprint'* *'ap'* | |
| 52 beautify (bf) boolean (default off) *'beautify'* *'bf'* | |
| 53 flash (fl) boolean (default ??) *'flash'* *'fl'* | |
| 54 graphic (gr) boolean (default off) *'graphic'* *'gr'* | |
| 55 hardtabs (ht) number (default 8) *'hardtabs'* *'ht'* | |
| 56 number of spaces that a <Tab> moves on the display | |
| 57 mesg boolean (default on) *'mesg'* | |
| 58 novice boolean (default off) *'novice'* | |
| 59 open boolean (default on) *'open'* | |
| 60 optimize (op) boolean (default off) *'optimize'* *'op'* | |
| 61 redraw boolean (default off) *'redraw'* | |
| 62 slowopen (slow) boolean (default off) *'slowopen'* *'slow'* | |
| 63 sourceany boolean (default off) *'sourceany'* | |
| 64 w300 number (default 23) *'w300'* | |
| 65 w1200 number (default 23) *'w1200'* | |
| 66 w9600 number (default 23) *'w9600'* | |
| 67 | |
| 68 ============================================================================== | |
| 69 3. Limits *limits* | |
| 70 | |
| 71 Vim has only a few limits for the files that can be edited {Vi: can not handle | |
| 72 <Nul> characters and characters above 128, has limited line length, many other | |
| 73 limits}. | |
| 74 *E340* | |
| 75 Maximum line length On machines with 16-bit ints (Amiga and MS-DOS real | |
| 76 mode): 32767, otherwise 2147483647 characters. | |
| 77 Longer lines are split. | |
| 78 Maximum number of lines 2147483647 lines. | |
| 79 Maximum file size 2147483647 bytes (2 Gbyte) when a long integer is | |
| 80 32 bits. Much more for 64 bit longs. Also limited | |
| 81 by available disk space for the |swap-file|. | |
| 82 *E75* | |
| 83 Length of a file path Unix and Win32: 1024 characters, otherwise 256 | |
| 84 characters (or as much as the system supports). | |
| 85 Length of an expanded string option | |
| 86 Unix and Win32: 1024 characters, otherwise 256 | |
| 87 characters | |
| 88 Maximum display width Unix and Win32: 1024 characters, otherwise 255 | |
| 89 characters | |
| 90 Maximum lhs of a mapping 50 characters. | |
| 625 | 91 Number of different highlighting types: over 30000 |
| 3082 | 92 Range of a Number variable: -2147483648 to 2147483647 (might be more on 64 |
| 93 bit systems) | |
| 2596 | 94 Maximum length of a line in a tags file: 512 bytes. |
| 7 | 95 |
| 96 Information for undo and text in registers is kept in memory, thus when making | |
| 97 (big) changes the amount of (virtual) memory available limits the number of | |
| 98 undo levels and the text that can be kept in registers. Other things are also | |
| 99 kept in memory: Command-line history, error messages for Quickfix mode, etc. | |
| 100 | |
| 101 Memory usage limits | |
| 102 ------------------- | |
| 103 | |
| 104 The option 'maxmem' ('mm') is used to set the maximum memory used for one | |
| 105 buffer (in kilobytes). 'maxmemtot' is used to set the maximum memory used for | |
| 106 all buffers (in kilobytes). The defaults depend on the system used. For the | |
| 107 Amiga and MS-DOS, 'maxmemtot' is set depending on the amount of memory | |
| 827 | 108 available. |
| 109 These are not hard limits, but tell Vim when to move text into a swap file. | |
| 110 If you don't like Vim to swap to a file, set 'maxmem' and 'maxmemtot' to a | |
| 111 very large value. The swap file will then only be used for recovery. If you | |
| 112 don't want a swap file at all, set 'updatecount' to 0, or use the "-n" | |
| 113 argument when starting Vim. | |
| 7 | 114 |
| 115 ============================================================================== | |
| 116 4. The most interesting additions *vim-additions* | |
| 117 | |
| 118 Vi compatibility. |'compatible'| | |
| 119 Although Vim is 99% Vi compatible, some things in Vi can be | |
| 120 considered to be a bug, or at least need improvement. But still, Vim | |
| 121 starts in a mode which behaves like the "real" Vi as much as possible. | |
| 122 To make Vim behave a little bit better, try resetting the 'compatible' | |
| 123 option: | |
| 124 :set nocompatible | |
| 125 Or start Vim with the "-N" argument: | |
| 126 vim -N | |
| 827 | 127 Vim starts with 'nocompatible' automatically if you have a .vimrc |
| 128 file. See |startup|. | |
| 7 | 129 The 'cpoptions' option can be used to set Vi compatibility on/off for |
| 130 a number of specific items. | |
| 131 | |
| 132 Support for different systems. | |
| 133 Vim can be used on: | |
| 134 - All Unix systems (it works on all systems it was tested on, although | |
| 135 the GUI and Perl interface may not work everywhere). | |
| 136 - Amiga (500, 1000, 1200, 2000, 3000, 4000, ...). | |
| 137 - MS-DOS in real-mode (no additional drivers required). | |
| 138 - In protected mode on Windows 3.1 and MS-DOS (DPMI driver required). | |
| 139 - Windows 95 and Windows NT, with support for long file names. | |
| 140 - OS/2 (needs emx.dll) | |
| 141 - Atari MiNT | |
| 142 - VMS | |
| 143 - BeOS | |
| 144 - Macintosh | |
| 145 - Risc OS | |
| 146 - IBM OS/390 | |
| 827 | 147 Note that on some systems features need to be disabled to reduce |
| 148 resource usage, esp. on MS-DOS. For some outdated systems you need to | |
| 149 use an older Vim version. | |
| 7 | 150 |
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151 Multi level persistent undo. |undo| |
| 7 | 152 'u' goes backward in time, 'CTRL-R' goes forward again. Set option |
| 153 'undolevels' to the number of changes to be remembered (default 1000). | |
| 5340 | 154 Set 'undolevels' to 0 for a Vi-compatible one level undo. Set it to |
| 7 | 155 -1 for no undo at all. |
| 156 When all changes in a buffer have been undone, the buffer is not | |
| 157 considered changed anymore. You can exit it with :q, without <!>. | |
| 827 | 158 When undoing a few changes and then making a new change Vim will |
| 159 create a branch in the undo tree. This means you can go back to any | |
| 1186 | 160 state of the text, there is no risk of a change causing text to be |
| 827 | 161 lost forever. |undo-tree| |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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162 The undo information is stored in a file when the 'undofile' option is |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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parents:
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163 set. This means you can exit Vim, start Vim on a previously edited |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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parents:
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164 file and undo changes that were made before exiting Vim. |
| 7 | 165 |
| 827 | 166 Graphical User Interface (GUI). |gui| |
| 7 | 167 Included support for GUI: menu's, mouse, scrollbars, etc. You can |
| 168 define your own menus. Better support for CTRL/SHIFT/ALT keys in | |
| 169 combination with special keys and mouse. Supported for various | |
| 170 platforms, such as X11 (with Motif and Athena interfaces), GTK, Win32 | |
| 171 (Windows 95 and later), BeOS, Amiga and Macintosh. | |
| 172 | |
| 173 Multiple windows and buffers. |windows.txt| | |
| 174 Vim can split the screen into several windows, each editing a | |
| 175 different buffer or the same buffer at a different location. Buffers | |
| 176 can still be loaded (and changed) but not displayed in a window. This | |
| 177 is called a hidden buffer. Many commands and options have been added | |
| 178 for this facility. | |
| 827 | 179 Vim can also use multiple tab pages, each with one or more windows. A |
| 180 line with tab labels can be used to quickly switch between these pages. | |
| 181 |tab-page| | |
| 7 | 182 |
| 183 Syntax highlighting. |:syntax| | |
| 184 Vim can highlight keywords, patterns and other things. This is | |
| 827 | 185 defined by a number of |:syntax| commands, and can be made to |
| 7 | 186 highlight most languages and file types. A number of files are |
| 187 included for highlighting the most common languages, like C, C++, | |
| 188 Java, Pascal, Makefiles, shell scripts, etc. The colors used for | |
| 189 highlighting can be defined for ordinary terminals, color terminals | |
| 827 | 190 and the GUI with the |:highlight| command. A convenient way to do |
| 191 this is using a |:colorscheme| command. | |
| 192 The highlighted text can be exported as HTML. |convert-to-HTML| | |
| 193 Other items that can be highlighted are matches with the search string | |
| 194 |'hlsearch'|, matching parens |matchparen| and the cursor line and | |
| 195 column |'cursorline'| |'cursorcolumn'|. | |
| 7 | 196 |
| 827 | 197 Spell checking. |spell| |
| 198 When the 'spell' option is set Vim will highlight spelling mistakes. | |
| 3750 | 199 About 50 languages are currently supported, selected with the |
| 1618 | 200 'spelllang' option. In source code only comments and strings are |
| 827 | 201 checked for spelling. |
| 202 | |
| 203 Folding. |folding| | |
| 7 | 204 A range of lines can be shown as one "folded" line. This allows |
| 205 overviewing a file and moving blocks of text around quickly. | |
| 206 Folds can be created manually, from the syntax of the file, by indent, | |
| 207 etc. | |
| 208 | |
| 827 | 209 Diff mode. |diff| |
| 210 Vim can show two versions of a file with the differences highlighted. | |
| 211 Parts of the text that are equal are folded away. Commands can be | |
| 212 used to move text from one version to the other. | |
| 213 | |
| 214 Plugins. |add-plugin| | |
| 7 | 215 The functionality can be extended by dropping a plugin file in the |
| 216 right directory. That's an easy way to start using Vim scripts | |
| 217 written by others. Plugins can be for all kind of files, or | |
| 218 specifically for a filetype. | |
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219 Packages make this even easier. |packages| |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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220 |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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221 Asynchronous communication and timers. |channel| |job| |timer| |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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222 Vim can exchange messages with other processes in the background. |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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223 This makes it possible to have servers do work and send back the |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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parents:
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224 results to Vim. |channel| |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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225 Vim can start a job, communicate with it and stop it. |job| |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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226 Timers can fire once or repeatedly and invoke a function to do any |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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227 work. |timer| |
| 7 | 228 |
| 229 Repeat a series of commands. |q| | |
| 827 | 230 "q{c}" starts recording typed characters into named register {c}. |
| 231 A subsequent "q" stops recording. The register can then be executed | |
| 232 with the "@{c}" command. This is very useful to repeat a complex | |
| 233 action. | |
| 7 | 234 |
| 235 Flexible insert mode. |ins-special-special| | |
| 236 The arrow keys can be used in insert mode to move around in the file. | |
| 237 This breaks the insert in two parts as far as undo and redo is | |
| 238 concerned. | |
| 239 | |
| 827 | 240 CTRL-O can be used to execute a single Normal mode command. This is |
| 241 almost the same as hitting <Esc>, typing the command and doing |a|. | |
| 7 | 242 |
| 243 Visual mode. |Visual-mode| | |
| 827 | 244 Visual mode can be used to first highlight a piece of text and then |
| 245 give a command to do something with it. This is an (easy to use) | |
| 246 alternative to first giving the operator and then moving to the end of | |
| 247 the text to be operated upon. | |
| 248 |v| and |V| are used to start Visual mode. |v| works on characters | |
| 249 and |V| on lines. Move the cursor to extend the Visual area. It is | |
| 250 shown highlighted on the screen. By typing "o" the other end of the | |
| 251 Visual area can be moved. The Visual area can be affected by an | |
| 252 operator: | |
| 7 | 253 d delete |
| 254 c change | |
| 255 y yank | |
| 256 > or < insert or delete indent | |
| 257 ! filter through external program | |
| 258 = filter through indent | |
| 827 | 259 : start |:| command for the Visual lines. |
| 7 | 260 gq format text to 'textwidth' columns |
| 261 J join lines | |
| 262 ~ swap case | |
| 263 u make lowercase | |
| 264 U make uppercase | |
| 265 | |
| 266 Block operators. |visual-block| | |
| 827 | 267 With Visual mode a rectangular block of text can be selected. Start |
| 268 Visual mode with CTRL-V. The block can be deleted ("d"), yanked ("y") | |
| 269 or its case can be changed ("~", "u" and "U"). A deleted or yanked | |
| 270 block can be put into the text with the "p" and "P" commands. | |
| 7 | 271 |
| 827 | 272 Help system. |:help| |
| 7 | 273 Help is displayed in a window. The usual commands can be used to |
| 274 move around, search for a string, etc. Tags can be used to jump | |
| 827 | 275 around in the help files, just like hypertext links. The |:help| |
| 7 | 276 command takes an argument to quickly jump to the info on a subject. |
| 277 <F1> is the quick access to the help system. The name of the help | |
| 278 index file can be set with the 'helpfile' option. | |
| 279 | |
| 280 Command-line editing and history. |cmdline-editing| | |
| 281 You can insert or delete at any place in the command-line using the | |
| 282 cursor keys. The right/left cursor keys can be used to move | |
| 283 forward/backward one character. The shifted right/left cursor keys | |
| 284 can be used to move forward/backward one word. CTRL-B/CTRL-E can be | |
| 285 used to go to the begin/end of the command-line. | |
| 286 |cmdline-history| | |
| 287 The command-lines are remembered. The up/down cursor keys can be used | |
| 288 to recall previous command-lines. The 'history' option can be set to | |
| 289 the number of lines that will be remembered. There is a separate | |
| 290 history for commands and for search patterns. | |
| 291 | |
| 292 Command-line completion. |cmdline-completion| | |
| 293 While entering a command-line (on the bottom line of the screen) | |
| 294 <Tab> can be typed to complete | |
| 295 what example ~ | |
| 296 - command :e<Tab> | |
| 297 - tag :ta scr<Tab> | |
| 298 - option :set sc<Tab> | |
| 299 - option value :set hf=<Tab> | |
| 300 - file name :e ve<Tab> | |
| 301 - etc. | |
| 302 | |
| 303 If there are multiple matches, CTRL-N (next) and CTRL-P (previous) | |
| 304 will walk through the matches. <Tab> works like CTRL-N, but wraps | |
| 305 around to the first match. | |
| 306 | |
| 307 The 'wildchar' option can be set to the character for command-line | |
| 308 completion, <Tab> is the default. CTRL-D can be typed after an | |
| 309 (incomplete) wildcard; all matches will be listed. CTRL-A will insert | |
| 310 all matches. CTRL-L will insert the longest common part of the | |
| 311 matches. | |
| 312 | |
| 827 | 313 Insert-mode completion. |ins-completion| |
| 314 In Insert mode the CTRL-N and CTRL-P keys can be used to complete a | |
| 315 word that appears elsewhere. |i_CTRL-N| | |
| 7 | 316 With CTRL-X another mode is entered, through which completion can be |
| 317 done for: | |
| 318 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-F| file names | |
| 319 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-K| words from 'dictionary' files | |
| 320 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-T| words from 'thesaurus' files | |
| 321 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-I| words from included files | |
| 322 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-L| whole lines | |
| 323 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-]| words from the tags file | |
| 324 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-D| definitions or macros | |
| 827 | 325 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-O| Omni completion: clever completion |
| 326 specifically for a file type | |
| 327 etc. | |
| 7 | 328 |
| 827 | 329 Long line support. |'wrap'| |'linebreak'| |
| 7 | 330 If the 'wrap' option is off, long lines will not wrap and only part |
| 331 of them will be shown. When the cursor is moved to a part that is not | |
| 332 shown, the screen will scroll horizontally. The minimum number of | |
| 827 | 333 columns to scroll can be set with the 'sidescroll' option. The |zh| |
| 334 and |zl| commands can be used to scroll sideways. | |
| 7 | 335 Alternatively, long lines are broken in between words when the |
| 336 'linebreak' option is set. This allows editing a single-line | |
| 337 paragraph conveniently (e.g. when the text is later read into a DTP | |
| 827 | 338 program). Move the cursor up/down with the |gk| and |gj| commands. |
| 7 | 339 |
| 340 Text formatting. |formatting| | |
| 341 The 'textwidth' option can be used to automatically limit the line | |
| 342 length. This supplements the 'wrapmargin' option of Vi, which was not | |
| 827 | 343 very useful. The |gq| operator can be used to format a piece of text |
| 344 (for example, |gqap| formats the current paragraph). Commands for | |
| 345 text alignment: |:center|, |:left| and |:right|. | |
| 7 | 346 |
| 827 | 347 Extended search patterns. |pattern| |
| 7 | 348 There are many extra items to match various text items. Examples: |
| 349 A "\n" can be used in a search pattern to match a line break. | |
| 350 "x\{2,4}" matches "x" 2 to 4 times. | |
| 351 "\s" matches a white space character. | |
| 352 | |
| 827 | 353 Directory, remote and archive browsing. |netrw| |
| 354 Vim can browse the file system. Simply edit a directory. Move around | |
| 355 in the list with the usual commands and press <Enter> to go to the | |
| 356 directory or file under the cursor. | |
| 357 This also works for remote files over ftp, http, ssh, etc. | |
| 358 Zip and tar archives can also be browsed. |tar| |zip| | |
| 359 | |
| 7 | 360 Edit-compile-edit speedup. |quickfix| |
| 827 | 361 The |:make| command can be used to run the compilation and jump to the |
| 362 first error. A file with compiler error messages is interpreted. Vim | |
| 363 jumps to the first error. | |
| 7 | 364 |
| 365 Each line in the error file is scanned for the name of a file, line | |
| 366 number and error message. The 'errorformat' option can be set to a | |
| 367 list of scanf-like strings to handle output from many compilers. | |
| 368 | |
| 827 | 369 The |:cn| command can be used to jump to the next error. |
| 370 |:cl| lists all the error messages. Other commands are available. | |
| 7 | 371 The 'makeef' option has the name of the file with error messages. |
| 372 The 'makeprg' option contains the name of the program to be executed | |
| 827 | 373 with the |:make| command. |
| 7 | 374 The 'shellpipe' option contains the string to be used to put the |
| 375 output of the compiler into the errorfile. | |
| 376 | |
| 827 | 377 Finding matches in files. |:vimgrep| |
| 378 Vim can search for a pattern in multiple files. This uses the | |
| 379 advanced Vim regexp pattern, works on all systems and also works to | |
| 380 search in compressed files. | |
| 381 | |
| 382 Improved indenting for programs. |'cindent'| | |
| 7 | 383 When the 'cindent' option is on the indent of each line is |
| 384 automatically adjusted. C syntax is mostly recognized. The indent | |
| 385 for various styles can be set with 'cinoptions'. The keys to trigger | |
| 386 indenting can be set with 'cinkeys'. | |
| 387 | |
| 388 Comments can be automatically formatted. The 'comments' option can be | |
| 389 set to the characters that start and end a comment. This works best | |
| 390 for C code, but also works for e-mail (">" at start of the line) and | |
| 827 | 391 other types of text. The |=| operator can be used to re-indent |
| 7 | 392 lines. |
| 393 | |
| 827 | 394 For many other languages an indent plugin is present to support |
| 395 automatic indenting. |30.3| | |
| 396 | |
| 397 Searching for words in included files. |include-search| | |
| 398 The |[i| command can be used to search for a match of the word under | |
| 7 | 399 the cursor in the current and included files. The 'include' option |
| 1668 | 400 can be set to a pattern that describes a command to include a file |
| 7 | 401 (the default is for C programs). |
| 827 | 402 The |[I| command lists all matches, the |[_CTRL-I| command jumps to |
| 7 | 403 a match. |
| 827 | 404 The |[d|, |[D| and |[_CTRL-D| commands do the same, but only for |
| 7 | 405 lines where the pattern given with the 'define' option matches. |
| 406 | |
| 827 | 407 Automatic commands. |autocommand| |
| 7 | 408 Commands can be automatically executed when reading a file, writing a |
| 409 file, jumping to another buffer, etc., depending on the file name. | |
| 410 This is useful to set options and mappings for C programs, | |
| 411 documentation, plain text, e-mail, etc. This also makes it possible | |
| 412 to edit compressed files. | |
| 413 | |
| 827 | 414 Scripts and Expressions. |expression| |
| 415 Commands have been added to form up a powerful script language. | |
| 7 | 416 |:if| Conditional execution, which can be used for example |
| 417 to set options depending on the value of $TERM. | |
| 418 |:while| Repeat a number of commands. | |
| 827 | 419 |:for| Loop over a list. |
| 7 | 420 |:echo| Print the result of an expression. |
| 421 |:let| Assign a value to an internal variable, option, etc. | |
| 827 | 422 Variable types are Number, String, List and Dictionary. |
| 7 | 423 |:execute| Execute a command formed by an expression. |
| 827 | 424 |:try| Catch exceptions. |
| 425 etc., etc. See |eval|. | |
| 426 Debugging and profiling are supported. |debug-scripts| |profile| | |
| 427 If this is not enough, an interface is provided to |Python|, |Ruby|, | |
|
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428 |Tcl|, |Lua|, |Perl| and |MzScheme|. |
| 7 | 429 |
| 827 | 430 Viminfo. |viminfo-file| |
| 7 | 431 The command-line history, marks and registers can be stored in a file |
| 432 that is read on startup. This can be used to repeat a search command | |
| 433 or command-line command after exiting and restarting Vim. It is also | |
| 827 | 434 possible to jump right back to where the last edit stopped with |'0|. |
| 7 | 435 The 'viminfo' option can be set to select which items to store in the |
| 436 .viminfo file. This is off by default. | |
| 437 | |
| 827 | 438 Printing. |printing| |
| 439 The |:hardcopy| command sends text to the printer. This can include | |
| 440 syntax highlighting. | |
| 441 | |
| 442 Mouse support. |mouse-using| | |
| 7 | 443 The mouse is supported in the GUI version, in an xterm for Unix, for |
| 1618 | 444 BSDs with sysmouse, for Linux with gpm, for MS-DOS, and Win32. It |
| 445 can be used to position the cursor, select the visual area, paste a | |
| 446 register, etc. | |
| 7 | 447 |
| 827 | 448 Usage of key names. |<>| |key-notation| |
| 7 | 449 Special keys now all have a name like <Up>, <End>, etc. |
| 450 This name can be used in mappings, to make it easy to edit them. | |
| 451 | |
| 827 | 452 Editing binary files. |edit-binary| |
| 7 | 453 Vim can edit binary files. You can change a few characters in an |
| 454 executable file, without corrupting it. Vim doesn't remove NUL | |
| 455 characters (they are represented as <NL> internally). | |
| 456 |-b| command-line argument to start editing a binary file | |
| 827 | 457 |'binary'| Option set by |-b|. Prevents adding an <EOL> for the |
| 7 | 458 last line in the file. |
| 459 | |
| 827 | 460 Multi-language support. |multi-lang| |
| 7 | 461 Files in double-byte or multi-byte encodings can be edited. There is |
| 462 UTF-8 support to be able to edit various languages at the same time, | |
| 463 without switching fonts. |UTF-8| | |
| 464 Messages and menus are available in different languages. | |
| 465 | |
| 827 | 466 Move cursor beyond lines. |
| 467 When the 'virtualedit' option is set the cursor can move all over the | |
| 468 screen, also where there is no text. This is useful to edit tables | |
| 469 and figures easily. | |
| 470 | |
| 7 | 471 ============================================================================== |
| 472 5. Other vim features *other-features* | |
| 473 | |
| 474 A random collection of nice extra features. | |
| 475 | |
| 476 | |
| 477 When Vim is started with "-s scriptfile", the characters read from | |
| 478 "scriptfile" are treated as if you typed them. If end of file is reached | |
| 479 before the editor exits, further characters are read from the console. | |
| 480 | |
| 481 The "-w" option can be used to record all typed characters in a script file. | |
| 482 This file can then be used to redo the editing, possibly on another file or | |
| 483 after changing some commands in the script file. | |
| 484 | |
| 485 The "-o" option opens a window for each argument. "-o4" opens four windows. | |
| 486 | |
| 487 Vi requires several termcap entries to be able to work full-screen. Vim only | |
| 488 requires the "cm" entry (cursor motion). | |
| 489 | |
| 490 | |
| 491 In command mode: | |
| 492 | |
| 493 When the 'showcmd' option is set, the command characters are shown in the last | |
| 494 line of the screen. They are removed when the command is finished. | |
| 495 | |
| 496 If the 'ruler' option is set, the current cursor position is shown in the | |
| 497 last line of the screen. | |
| 498 | |
| 499 "U" still works after having moved off the last changed line and after "u". | |
| 500 | |
| 501 Characters with the 8th bit set are displayed. The characters between '~' and | |
| 502 0xa0 are displayed as "~?", "~@", "~A", etc., unless they are included in the | |
| 503 'isprint' option. | |
| 504 | |
| 505 "][" goes to the next ending of a C function ('}' in column 1). | |
| 506 "[]" goes to the previous ending of a C function ('}' in column 1). | |
| 507 | |
| 508 "]f", "[f" and "gf" start editing the file whose name is under the cursor. | |
| 509 CTRL-W f splits the window and starts editing the file whose name is under | |
| 510 the cursor. | |
| 511 | |
| 512 "*" searches forward for the identifier under the cursor, "#" backward. | |
| 513 "K" runs the program defined by the 'keywordprg' option, with the identifier | |
| 514 under the cursor as argument. | |
| 515 | |
| 516 "%" can be preceded with a count. The cursor jumps to the line that | |
| 517 percentage down in the file. The normal "%" function to jump to the matching | |
| 518 brace skips braces inside quotes. | |
| 519 | |
| 520 With the CTRL-] command, the cursor may be in the middle of the identifier. | |
| 521 | |
| 522 The used tags are remembered. Commands that can be used with the tag stack | |
| 523 are CTRL-T, ":pop" and ":tag". ":tags" lists the tag stack. | |
| 524 | |
| 525 The 'tags' option can be set to a list of tag file names. Thus multiple | |
| 526 tag files can be used. For file names that start with "./", the "./" is | |
| 527 replaced with the path of the current file. This makes it possible to use a | |
| 528 tags file in the same directory as the file being edited. | |
| 529 | |
| 530 Previously used file names are remembered in the alternate file name list. | |
| 531 CTRL-^ accepts a count, which is an index in this list. | |
| 532 ":files" command shows the list of alternate file names. | |
| 533 "#<N>" is replaced with the <N>th alternate file name in the list. | |
| 534 "#<" is replaced with the current file name without extension. | |
| 535 | |
| 536 Search patterns have more features. The <NL> character is seen as part of the | |
| 537 search pattern and the substitute string of ":s". Vi sees it as the end of | |
| 538 the command. | |
| 539 | |
| 540 Searches can put the cursor on the end of a match and may include a character | |
| 541 offset. | |
| 542 | |
| 543 Count added to "~", ":next", ":Next", "n" and "N". | |
| 544 | |
| 545 The command ":next!" with 'autowrite' set does not write the file. In vi the | |
| 546 file was written, but this is considered to be a bug, because one does not | |
| 547 expect it and the file is not written with ":rewind!". | |
| 548 | |
| 549 In Vi when entering a <CR> in replace mode deletes a character only when 'ai' | |
| 550 is set (but does not show it until you hit <Esc>). Vim always deletes a | |
| 551 character (and shows it immediately). | |
| 552 | |
| 553 Added :wnext command. Same as ":write" followed by ":next". | |
| 554 | |
| 555 The ":w!" command always writes, also when the file is write protected. In Vi | |
| 5690 | 556 you would have to do ":!chmod +w %:S" and ":set noro". |
| 7 | 557 |
| 558 When 'tildeop' has been set, "~" is an operator (must be followed by a | |
| 559 movement command). | |
| 560 | |
| 561 With the "J" (join) command you can reset the 'joinspaces' option to have only | |
| 562 one space after a period (Vi inserts two spaces). | |
| 563 | |
| 564 "cw" can be used to change white space formed by several characters (Vi is | |
| 565 confusing: "cw" only changes one space, while "dw" deletes all white space). | |
| 566 | |
| 567 "o" and "O" accept a count for repeating the insert (Vi clears a part of | |
| 568 display). | |
| 569 | |
| 570 Flags after Ex commands not supported (no plans to include it). | |
| 571 | |
| 572 On non-UNIX systems ":cd" command shows current directory instead of going to | |
| 573 the home directory (there isn't one). ":pwd" prints the current directory on | |
| 574 all systems. | |
| 575 | |
| 576 After a ":cd" command the file names (in the argument list, opened files) | |
| 577 still point to the same files. In Vi ":cd" is not allowed in a changed file; | |
| 578 otherwise the meaning of file names change. | |
| 579 | |
| 580 ":source!" command reads Vi commands from a file. | |
| 581 | |
| 582 ":mkexrc" command writes current modified options and mappings to a ".exrc" | |
| 583 file. ":mkvimrc" writes to a ".vimrc" file. | |
| 584 | |
| 585 No check for "tail recursion" with mappings. This allows things like | |
| 586 ":map! foo ^]foo". | |
| 587 | |
| 588 When a mapping starts with number, vi loses the count typed before it (e.g. | |
| 589 when using the mapping ":map g 4G" the command "7g" goes to line 4). This is | |
| 590 considered a vi bug. Vim concatenates the counts (in the example it becomes | |
| 591 "74G"), as most people would expect. | |
| 592 | |
| 593 The :put! command inserts the contents of a register above the current line. | |
| 594 | |
| 595 The "p" and "P" commands of vi cannot be repeated with "." when the putted | |
| 596 text is less than a line. In Vim they can always be repeated. | |
| 597 | |
| 598 ":noremap" command can be used to enter a mapping that will not be remapped. | |
| 599 This is useful to exchange the meaning of two keys. ":cmap", ":cunmap" and | |
| 600 ":cnoremap" can be used for mapping in command-line editing only. ":imap", | |
| 601 ":iunmap" and ":inoremap" can be used for mapping in insert mode only. | |
| 602 Similar commands exist for abbreviations: ":noreabbrev", ":iabbrev" | |
| 603 ":cabbrev", ":iunabbrev", ":cunabbrev", ":inoreabbrev", ":cnoreabbrev". | |
| 604 | |
| 605 In Vi the command ":map foo bar" would remove a previous mapping | |
| 606 ":map bug foo". This is considered a bug, so it is not included in Vim. | |
| 607 ":unmap! foo" does remove ":map! bug foo", because unmapping would be very | |
| 608 difficult otherwise (this is vi compatible). | |
| 609 | |
| 610 The ':' register contains the last command-line. | |
| 611 The '%' register contains the current file name. | |
| 612 The '.' register contains the last inserted text. | |
| 613 | |
| 614 ":dis" command shows the contents of the yank registers. | |
| 615 | |
| 616 CTRL-O/CTRL-I can be used to jump to older/newer positions. These are the | |
| 617 same positions as used with the '' command, but may be in another file. The | |
| 618 ":jumps" command lists the older positions. | |
| 619 | |
| 620 If the 'shiftround' option is set, an indent is rounded to a multiple of | |
| 621 'shiftwidth' with ">" and "<" commands. | |
| 622 | |
| 623 The 'scrolljump' option can be set to the minimum number of lines to scroll | |
| 624 when the cursor gets off the screen. Use this when scrolling is slow. | |
| 625 | |
| 626 The 'scrolloff' option can be set to the minimum number of lines to keep | |
| 627 above and below the cursor. This gives some context to where you are | |
| 628 editing. When set to a large number the cursor line is always in the middle | |
| 629 of the window. | |
| 630 | |
| 631 Uppercase marks can be used to jump between files. The ":marks" command lists | |
| 632 all currently set marks. The commands "']" and "`]" jump to the end of the | |
| 633 previous operator or end of the text inserted with the put command. "'[" and | |
| 634 "`[" do jump to the start. | |
| 635 | |
| 636 The 'shelltype' option can be set to reflect the type of shell used on the | |
| 637 Amiga. | |
| 638 | |
| 639 The 'highlight' option can be set for the highlight mode to be used for | |
| 640 several commands. | |
| 641 | |
| 642 The CTRL-A (add) and CTRL-X (subtract) commands are new. The count to the | |
| 643 command (default 1) is added to/subtracted from the number at or after the | |
| 644 cursor. That number may be decimal, octal (starts with a '0') or hexadecimal | |
| 645 (starts with '0x'). Very useful in macros. | |
| 646 | |
| 647 With the :set command the prefix "inv" can be used to invert boolean options. | |
| 648 | |
| 649 In both Vi and Vim you can create a line break with the ":substitute" command | |
| 650 by using a CTRL-M. For Vi this means you cannot insert a real CTRL-M in the | |
| 651 text. With Vim you can put a real CTRL-M in the text by preceding it with a | |
| 652 CTRL-V. | |
| 653 | |
| 654 | |
| 655 In Insert mode: | |
| 656 | |
| 657 If the 'revins' option is set, insert happens backwards. This is for typing | |
| 658 Hebrew. When inserting normal characters the cursor will not be shifted and | |
| 659 the text moves rightwards. Backspace, CTRL-W and CTRL-U will also work in | |
| 660 the opposite direction. CTRL-B toggles the 'revins' option. In replace mode | |
| 661 'revins' has no effect. Only when enabled at compile time. | |
| 662 | |
| 663 The backspace key can be used just like CTRL-D to remove auto-indents. | |
| 664 | |
| 665 You can backspace, CTRL-U and CTRL-W over line breaks if the 'backspace' (bs) | |
| 666 option includes "eol". You can backspace over the start of insert if the | |
| 667 'backspace' option includes "start". | |
| 668 | |
| 3750 | 669 When the 'paste' option is set, a few options are reset and mapping in insert |
| 7 | 670 mode and abbreviation are disabled. This allows for pasting text in windowing |
| 671 systems without unexpected results. When the 'paste' option is reset, the old | |
| 672 option values are restored. | |
| 673 | |
| 674 CTRL-T/CTRL-D always insert/delete an indent in the current line, no matter | |
| 675 what column the cursor is in. | |
| 676 | |
| 677 CTRL-@ (insert previously inserted text) works always (Vi: only when typed as | |
| 678 first character). | |
| 679 | |
| 680 CTRL-A works like CTRL-@ but does not leave insert mode. | |
| 681 | |
| 682 CTRL-R {0-9a-z..} can be used to insert the contents of a register. | |
| 683 | |
| 684 When the 'smartindent' option is set, C programs will be better auto-indented. | |
| 685 With 'cindent' even more. | |
| 686 | |
| 687 CTRL-Y and CTRL-E can be used to copy a character from above/below the | |
| 688 current cursor position. | |
| 689 | |
| 690 After CTRL-V you can enter a three digit decimal number. This byte value is | |
| 691 inserted in the text as a single character. Useful for international | |
| 692 characters that are not on your keyboard. | |
| 693 | |
| 694 When the 'expandtab' (et) option is set, a <Tab> is expanded to the | |
| 695 appropriate number of spaces. | |
| 696 | |
| 697 The window always reflects the contents of the buffer (Vi does not do this | |
| 698 when changing text and in some other cases). | |
| 699 | |
| 700 If Vim is compiled with DIGRAPHS defined, digraphs are supported. A set of | |
| 701 normal digraphs is included. They are shown with the ":digraph" command. | |
| 702 More can be added with ":digraph {char1}{char2} {number}". A digraph is | |
| 703 entered with "CTRL-K {char1} {char2}" or "{char1} BS {char2}" (only when | |
| 704 'digraph' option is set). | |
| 705 | |
| 706 When repeating an insert, e.g. "10atest <Esc>" vi would only handle wrapmargin | |
| 707 for the first insert. Vim does it for all. | |
| 708 | |
| 709 A count to the "i" or "a" command is used for all the text. Vi uses the count | |
| 710 only for one line. "3iabc<NL>def<Esc>" would insert "abcabcabc<NL>def" in Vi | |
| 711 but "abc<NL>defabc<NL>defabc<NL>def" in Vim. | |
| 712 | |
| 713 | |
| 714 In Command-line mode: | |
| 715 | |
| 235 | 716 <Esc> terminates the command-line without executing it. In vi the command |
| 7 | 717 line would be executed, which is not what most people expect (hitting <Esc> |
| 718 should always get you back to command mode). To avoid problems with some | |
| 719 obscure macros, an <Esc> in a macro will execute the command. If you want a | |
| 720 typed <Esc> to execute the command like vi does you can fix this with | |
| 721 ":cmap ^V<Esc> ^V<CR>" | |
| 722 | |
| 723 General: | |
| 724 | |
| 725 The 'ttimeout' option is like 'timeout', but only works for cursor and | |
| 726 function keys, not for ordinary mapped characters. The 'timeoutlen' option | |
| 727 gives the number of milliseconds that is waited for. If the 'esckeys' option | |
| 728 is not set, cursor and function keys that start with <Esc> are not recognized | |
| 729 in insert mode. | |
| 730 | |
| 731 There is an option for each terminal string. Can be used when termcap is not | |
| 732 supported or to change individual strings. | |
| 733 | |
| 734 The 'fileformat' option can be set to select the <EOL>: "dos" <CR><NL>, "unix" | |
| 735 <NL> or "mac" <CR>. | |
| 736 When the 'fileformats' option is not empty, Vim tries to detect the type of | |
| 737 <EOL> automatically. The 'fileformat' option is set accordingly. | |
| 738 | |
| 739 On systems that have no job control (older Unix systems and non-Unix systems) | |
| 740 the CTRL-Z, ":stop" or ":suspend" command starts a new shell. | |
| 741 | |
| 742 If Vim is started on the Amiga without an interactive window for output, a | |
| 743 window is opened (and :sh still works). You can give a device to use for | |
| 744 editing with the |-d| argument, e.g. "-d con:20/20/600/150". | |
| 745 | |
| 746 The 'columns' and 'lines' options are used to set or get the width and height | |
| 747 of the display. | |
| 748 | |
| 749 Option settings are read from the first and last few lines of the file. | |
| 750 Option 'modelines' determines how many lines are tried (default is 5). Note | |
| 751 that this is different from the Vi versions that can execute any Ex command | |
| 752 in a modeline (a major security problem). |trojan-horse| | |
| 753 | |
| 754 If the 'insertmode' option is set (e.g. in .exrc), Vim starts in insert mode. | |
| 755 And it comes back there, when pressing <Esc>. | |
| 756 | |
| 757 Undo information is kept in memory. Available memory limits the number and | |
| 758 size of change that can be undone. This may be a problem with MS-DOS, is | |
| 759 hardly a problem on the Amiga and almost never with Unix and Win32. | |
| 760 | |
| 761 If the 'backup' or 'writebackup' option is set: Before a file is overwritten, | |
| 762 a backup file (.bak) is made. If the "backup" option is set it is left | |
| 763 behind. | |
| 764 | |
| 765 Vim creates a file ending in ".swp" to store parts of the file that have been | |
| 766 changed or that do not fit in memory. This file can be used to recover from | |
| 767 an aborted editing session with "vim -r file". Using the swap file can be | |
| 768 switched off by setting the 'updatecount' option to 0 or starting Vim with | |
| 769 the "-n" option. Use the 'directory' option for placing the .swp file | |
| 770 somewhere else. | |
| 771 | |
| 772 Vim is able to work correctly on filesystems with 8.3 file names, also when | |
| 773 using messydos or crossdos filesystems on the Amiga, or any 8.3 mounted | |
| 774 filesystem under Unix. See |'shortname'|. | |
| 775 | |
| 776 Error messages are shown at least one second (Vi overwrites error messages). | |
| 777 | |
| 778 If Vim gives the |hit-enter| prompt, you can hit any key. Characters other | |
| 779 than <CR>, <NL> and <Space> are interpreted as the (start of) a command. (Vi | |
| 780 only accepts a command starting with ':'). | |
| 781 | |
| 782 The contents of the numbered and unnamed registers is remembered when | |
| 783 changing files. | |
| 784 | |
| 785 The "No lines in buffer" message is a normal message instead of an error | |
| 786 message, since that may cause a mapping to be aborted. | |
| 787 | |
| 788 The AUX: device of the Amiga is supported. | |
| 789 | |
| 790 ============================================================================== | |
|
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791 6. Supported Vi features *vi-features* |
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792 |
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793 Vim supports nearly all Vi commands and mostly in the same way. That is when |
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794 the 'compatible' option is set and 'cpoptions' contains all flags. What the |
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795 effect is of resetting 'compatible' and removing flags from 'cpoptions' can be |
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796 found at the help for the specific command. |
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797 |
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798 Below is listed what features are present in Vi. Anything else has been added |
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799 by Vim. |
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800 |
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801 The following Ex commands are supported by Vi: ~ |
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802 |
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803 TODO |
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804 |
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805 `:set` but not `:set inv{option}`, `:set option&`, `:set all&`, |
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806 `:set option+=value`, |
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807 `:set option^=value` |
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808 `:set option-=value` |
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809 `:set option<` |
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810 |
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811 |
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812 The following Normal mode commands are supported by Vi: ~ |
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813 |
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814 TODO |
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815 |
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816 |
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817 The following options are supported by Vi: ~ |
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818 |
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819 'autoindent' 'ai' take indent for new line from previous line |
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820 'autowrite' 'aw' automatically write file if changed |
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821 'directory' 'dir' list of directory names for the swap file |
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822 'edcompatible' 'ed' toggle flags of ":substitute" command |
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823 'errorbells' 'eb' ring the bell for error messages |
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824 'ignorecase' 'ic' ignore case in search patterns |
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825 'lines' number of lines in the display |
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826 'lisp' automatic indenting for Lisp |
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827 'list' show <Tab> and <EOL> |
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828 'magic' changes special characters in search patterns |
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829 'modeline' 'ml' recognize 'modelines' at start or end of file |
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830 {called modelines in some Vi versions} |
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831 'number' 'nu' print the line number in front of each line |
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832 'paragraphs' 'para' nroff macros that separate paragraphs |
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833 'prompt' 'prompt' enable prompt in Ex mode |
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834 'readonly' 'ro' disallow writing the buffer {Vim sets 'readonly' |
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835 when editing a file with `:view`} |
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836 'remap' allow mappings to work recursively |
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837 'report' threshold for reporting nr. of lines changed |
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838 'scroll' 'scr' lines to scroll with CTRL-U and CTRL-D |
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839 'sections' 'sect' nroff macros that separate sections |
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840 'shell' 'sh' name of shell to use for external commands |
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841 'shiftwidth' 'sw' number of spaces to use for (auto)indent step |
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842 'showmatch' 'sm' briefly jump to matching bracket if insert one |
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843 'showmode' 'smd' message on status line to show current mode |
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844 'tabstop' 'ts' number of spaces that <Tab> in file uses |
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845 'taglength' 'tl' number of significant characters for a tag |
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846 'tags' 'tag' list of file names used by the tag command |
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847 'tagstack' 'tgst' push tags onto the tag stack {not in all versions |
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848 of Vi} |
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849 'term' name of the terminal |
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850 'terse' shorten some messages |
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851 'timeout' 'to' time out on mappings and key codes |
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852 'ttytype' 'tty' alias for 'term' |
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853 'verbose' 'vbs' give informative messages {only in some Vi |
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854 versions as a boolean option} |
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855 'warn' warn for shell command when buffer was changed |
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856 'window' 'wi' nr of lines to scroll for CTRL-F and CTRL-B |
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857 'wrapmargin' 'wm' chars from the right where wrapping starts |
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858 'wrapscan' 'ws' searches wrap around the end of the file |
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859 'writeany' 'wa' write to file with no need for "!" override |
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860 |
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861 Also see |missing-options|. |
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862 |
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863 ============================================================================== |
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864 7. Command-line arguments *cmdline-arguments* |
| 7 | 865 |
| 866 Different versions of Vi have different command-line arguments. This can be | |
| 867 confusing. To help you, this section gives an overview of the differences. | |
| 868 | |
| 869 Five variants of Vi will be considered here: | |
| 870 Elvis Elvis version 2.1b | |
| 871 Nvi Nvi version 1.79 | |
| 872 Posix Posix 1003.2 | |
| 873 Vi Vi version 3.7 (for Sun 4.1.x) | |
| 874 Vile Vile version 7.4 (incomplete) | |
| 875 Vim Vim version 5.2 | |
| 876 | |
| 877 Only Vim is able to accept options in between and after the file names. | |
| 878 | |
| 879 +{command} Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vi, Vim: Same as "-c {command}". | |
| 880 | |
| 881 - Nvi, Posix, Vi: Run Ex in batch mode. | |
| 882 Vim: Read file from stdin (use -s for batch mode). | |
| 883 | |
| 884 -- Vim: End of options, only file names are following. | |
| 885 | |
| 886 --cmd {command} Vim: execute {command} before sourcing vimrc files. | |
| 887 | |
| 888 --echo-wid Vim: GTK+ echoes the Window ID on stdout | |
| 889 | |
| 890 --help Vim: show help message and exit. | |
| 891 | |
| 892 --literal Vim: take file names literally, don't expand wildcards. | |
| 893 | |
| 894 --nofork Vim: same as |-f| | |
| 895 | |
| 896 --noplugin[s] Vim: Skip loading plugins. | |
| 897 | |
| 898 --remote Vim: edit the files in another Vim server | |
| 899 | |
| 900 --remote-expr {expr} Vim: evaluate {expr} in another Vim server | |
| 901 | |
| 902 --remote-send {keys} Vim: send {keys} to a Vim server and exit | |
| 903 | |
| 904 --remote-silent {file} Vim: edit the files in another Vim server if possible | |
| 905 | |
| 906 --remote-wait Vim: edit the files in another Vim server and wait for it | |
| 907 | |
| 908 --remote-wait-silent Vim: like --remote-wait, no complaints if not possible | |
| 909 | |
| 910 --role {role} Vim: GTK+ 2: set role of main window | |
| 911 | |
| 912 --serverlist Vim: Output a list of Vim servers and exit | |
| 913 | |
| 914 --servername {name} Vim: Specify Vim server name | |
| 915 | |
| 916 --socketid {id} Vim: GTK window socket to run Vim in | |
| 917 | |
| 1376 | 918 --windowid {id} Vim: Win32 window ID to run Vim in |
| 919 | |
| 7 | 920 --version Vim: show version message and exit. |
| 921 | |
| 922 -? Vile: print usage summary and exit. | |
| 923 | |
| 924 -a Elvis: Load all specified file names into a window (use -o for | |
| 925 Vim). | |
| 926 | |
| 927 -A Vim: Start in Arabic mode (when compiled with Arabic). | |
| 928 | |
| 929 -b {blksize} Elvis: Use {blksize} blocksize for the session file. | |
| 930 -b Vim: set 'binary' mode. | |
| 931 | |
| 932 -C Vim: Compatible mode. | |
| 933 | |
| 934 -c {command} Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vim: run {command} as an Ex command after | |
| 935 loading the edit buffer. | |
| 936 Vim: allow up to 10 "-c" arguments | |
| 937 | |
| 938 -d {device} Vim: Use {device} for I/O (Amiga only). {only when compiled | |
| 939 without the |+diff| feature} | |
| 940 -d Vim: start with 'diff' set. |vimdiff| | |
| 941 | |
| 942 -dev {device} Vim: Use {device} for I/O (Amiga only). | |
| 943 | |
| 944 -D Vim: debug mode. | |
| 945 | |
| 946 -e Elvis, Nvi, Vim: Start in Ex mode, as if the executable is | |
| 947 called "ex". | |
| 948 | |
| 949 -E Vim: Start in improved Ex mode |gQ|, like "exim". | |
| 950 | |
| 951 -f Vim: Run GUI in foreground (Amiga: don't open new window). | |
| 952 -f {session} Elvis: Use {session} as the session file. | |
| 953 | |
| 954 -F Vim: Start in Farsi mode (when compiled with Farsi). | |
| 955 Nvi: Fast start, don't read the entire file when editing | |
| 956 starts. | |
| 957 | |
| 958 -G {gui} Elvis: Use the {gui} as user interface. | |
| 959 | |
| 960 -g Vim: Start GUI. | |
| 961 -g N Vile: start editing at line N | |
| 962 | |
| 963 -h Vim: Give help message. | |
| 964 Vile: edit the help file | |
| 965 | |
| 966 -H Vim: start Hebrew mode (when compiled with it). | |
| 967 | |
| 968 -i Elvis: Start each window in Insert mode. | |
| 969 -i {viminfo} Vim: Use {viminfo} for viminfo file. | |
| 970 | |
| 971 -L Vim: Same as "-r" (also in some versions of Vi). | |
| 972 | |
| 973 -l Nvi, Vi, Vim: Set 'lisp' and 'showmatch' options. | |
| 974 | |
| 975 -m Vim: Modifications not allowed to be written, resets 'write' | |
| 976 option. | |
| 977 | |
| 978 -M Vim: Modifications not allowed, resets 'modifiable' and the | |
| 979 'write' option. | |
| 980 | |
| 981 -N Vim: No-compatible mode. | |
| 982 | |
| 983 -n Vim: No swap file used. | |
| 984 | |
| 985 -nb[args] Vim: open a NetBeans interface connection | |
| 986 | |
| 987 -O[N] Vim: Like -o, but use vertically split windows. | |
| 988 | |
| 989 -o[N] Vim: Open [N] windows, or one for each file. | |
| 990 | |
| 827 | 991 -p[N] Vim: Open [N] tab pages, or one for each file. |
| 992 | |
| 7 | 993 -P {parent-title} Win32 Vim: open Vim inside a parent application window |
| 994 | |
| 995 -q {name} Vim: Use {name} for quickfix error file. | |
| 996 -q{name} Vim: Idem. | |
| 997 | |
| 998 -R Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vile, Vim: Set the 'readonly' option. | |
| 999 | |
| 1000 -r Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vi, Vim: Recovery mode. | |
| 1001 | |
| 1002 -S Nvi: Set 'secure' option. | |
| 1003 -S {script} Vim: source script after starting up. | |
| 1004 | |
| 1005 -s Nvi, Posix, Vim: Same as "-" (silent mode), when in Ex mode. | |
| 1006 Elvis: Sets the 'safer' option. | |
| 1007 -s {scriptin} Vim: Read from script file {scriptin}; only when not in Ex | |
| 1008 mode. | |
| 1009 -s {pattern} Vile: search for {pattern} | |
| 1010 | |
| 1011 -t {tag} Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vi, Vim: Edit the file containing {tag}. | |
| 1012 -t{tag} Vim: Idem. | |
| 1013 | |
| 1014 -T {term} Vim: Set terminal name to {term}. | |
| 1015 | |
| 1016 -u {vimrc} Vim: Read initializations from {vimrc} file. | |
| 1017 | |
| 1018 -U {gvimrc} Vim: Read GUI initializations from {gvimrc} file. | |
| 1019 | |
| 1020 -v Nvi, Posix, Vi, Vim: Begin in Normal mode (visual mode, in Vi | |
| 1021 terms). | |
| 1022 Vile: View mode, no changes possible. | |
| 1023 | |
| 1024 -V Elvis, Vim: Verbose mode. | |
| 1025 -V{nr} Vim: Verbose mode with specified level. | |
| 1026 | |
| 1027 -w {size} Elvis, Posix, Nvi, Vi, Vim: Set value of 'window' to {size}. | |
| 1028 -w{size} Nvi, Vi: Same as "-w {size}". | |
| 1029 -w {name} Vim: Write to script file {name} (must start with non-digit). | |
| 1030 | |
| 1031 -W {name} Vim: Append to script file {name}. | |
| 1032 | |
| 1033 -x Vi, Vim: Ask for encryption key. See |encryption|. | |
| 1034 | |
| 1035 -X Vim: Don't connect to the X server. | |
| 1036 | |
| 1037 -y Vim: Start in easy mode, like |evim|. | |
| 1038 | |
| 1039 -Z Vim: restricted mode | |
| 1040 | |
| 1041 @{cmdfile} Vile: use {cmdfile} as startup file. | |
| 1042 | |
| 160 | 1043 ============================================================================== |
|
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1044 8. POSIX compliance *posix* *posix-compliance* |
| 160 | 1045 |
| 1118 | 1046 In 2005 the POSIX test suite was run to check the compatibility of Vim. Most |
| 164 | 1047 of the test was executed properly. There are the few things where Vim |
| 166 | 1048 is not POSIX compliant, even when run in Vi compatibility mode. |
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8061
abd64cf67bcf
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/38a55639d603823efcf2d2fdf542dbffdeb60b75
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7228
diff
changeset
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1049 *$VIM_POSIX* |
| 164 | 1050 Set the $VIM_POSIX environment variable to have 'cpoptions' include the POSIX |
| 1051 flags when Vim starts up. This makes Vim run as POSIX as it can. That's | |
| 166 | 1052 a bit different from being Vi compatible. |
| 164 | 1053 |
| 1054 This is where Vim does not behave as POSIX specifies and why: | |
| 1055 | |
| 160 | 1056 *posix-screen-size* |
| 164 | 1057 The $COLUMNS and $LINES environment variables are ignored by Vim if |
| 1058 the size can be obtained from the terminal in a more reliable way. | |
| 1059 Add the '|' flag to 'cpoptions' to have $COLUMNS and $LINES overrule | |
| 1060 sizes obtained in another way. | |
| 160 | 1061 |
| 164 | 1062 The "{" and "}" commands don't stop at a "{" in the original Vi, but |
| 1063 POSIX specifies it does. Add the '{' flag to 'cpoptions' if you want | |
| 1064 it the POSIX way. | |
| 1065 | |
| 1066 The "D", "o" and "O" commands accept a count. Also when repeated. | |
| 1067 Add the '#' flag to 'cpoptions' if you want to ignore the count. | |
| 160 | 1068 |
| 166 | 1069 The ":cd" command fails if the current buffer is modified when the '.' |
| 1070 flag is present in 'cpoptions'. | |
| 1071 | |
| 1072 There is no ATTENTION message, the "A" flag is added to 'shortmess'. | |
| 1073 | |
| 1074 These are remarks about running the POSIX test suite: | |
| 1075 - vi test 33 sometimes fails for unknown reasons | |
| 1076 - vi test 250 fails; behavior will be changed in a new revision | |
| 1077 http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag-review/msg01710.html | |
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2608
7d8af31066c8
Updated runtime files and translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
1078 (link no longer works, perhaps it's now: |
|
7d8af31066c8
Updated runtime files and translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
1079 https://www.opengroup.org/sophocles/show_mail.tpl?CALLER=show_archive.tpl&source=L&listname=austin-review-l&id=1711) |
| 166 | 1080 - vi test 310 fails; exit code non-zero when any error occurred? |
| 1081 - ex test 24 fails because test is wrong. Changed between SUSv2 and SUSv3. | |
| 1082 - ex tests 47, 48, 49, 72, 73 fail because .exrc file isn't read in silent | |
| 1083 mode and $EXINIT isn't used. | |
| 1084 - ex tests 76, 78 fail because echo is used instead of printf. (fixed) | |
| 1085 Also: problem with \s not changed to space. | |
| 1086 - ex test 355 fails because 'window' isn't used for "30z". | |
| 1087 - ex test 368 fails because shell command isn't echoed in silent mode. | |
| 1088 - ex test 394 fails because "=" command output isn't visible in silent mode. | |
| 1089 - ex test 411 fails because test file is wrong, contains stray ':'. | |
| 1090 - ex test 475 and 476 fail because reprint output isn't visible in silent mode. | |
| 1091 - ex test 480 and 481 fail because the tags file has spaces instead of a tab. | |
| 1092 - ex test 502 fails because .exrc isn't read in silent mode. | |
| 1093 - ex test 509 fails because .exrc isn't read in silent mode. and exit code is | |
| 1094 1 instead of 2. | |
| 1095 - ex test 534 fails because .exrc isn't read in silent mode. | |
| 1096 | |
| 160 | 1097 |
| 14519 | 1098 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |