Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/eval.txt @ 8883:b7de875169e6 v7.4.1728
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/81edd171a9465cf99cede4fa4a7b7bca3d538b0f
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Thu Apr 14 13:51:37 2016 +0200
patch 7.4.1728
Problem: The help for functions require a space after the "(".
Solution: Make CTRL-] on a function name ignore the arguments. (Hirohito
Higashi)
| author | Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org> |
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| date | Thu, 14 Apr 2016 14:00:05 +0200 |
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1 *eval.txt* For Vim version 7.4. Last change: 2016 Apr 14 |
| 1621 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 7 | 5 |
| 6 | |
| 7 Expression evaluation *expression* *expr* *E15* *eval* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 Using expressions is introduced in chapter 41 of the user manual |usr_41.txt|. | |
| 10 | |
| 11 Note: Expression evaluation can be disabled at compile time. If this has been | |
| 1621 | 12 done, the features in this document are not available. See |+eval| and |
| 99 | 13 |no-eval-feature|. |
| 7 | 14 |
| 85 | 15 1. Variables |variables| |
| 16 1.1 Variable types | |
| 87 | 17 1.2 Function references |Funcref| |
| 161 | 18 1.3 Lists |Lists| |
| 99 | 19 1.4 Dictionaries |Dictionaries| |
| 20 1.5 More about variables |more-variables| | |
| 85 | 21 2. Expression syntax |expression-syntax| |
| 22 3. Internal variable |internal-variables| | |
| 23 4. Builtin Functions |functions| | |
| 24 5. Defining functions |user-functions| | |
| 25 6. Curly braces names |curly-braces-names| | |
| 26 7. Commands |expression-commands| | |
| 27 8. Exception handling |exception-handling| | |
| 28 9. Examples |eval-examples| | |
| 29 10. No +eval feature |no-eval-feature| | |
| 30 11. The sandbox |eval-sandbox| | |
| 634 | 31 12. Textlock |textlock| |
| 7 | 32 |
| 33 {Vi does not have any of these commands} | |
| 34 | |
| 35 ============================================================================== | |
| 36 1. Variables *variables* | |
| 37 | |
| 85 | 38 1.1 Variable types ~ |
| 114 | 39 *E712* |
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40 There are nine types of variables: |
| 1621 | 41 |
| 3082 | 42 Number A 32 or 64 bit signed number. |expr-number| *Number* |
| 99 | 43 Examples: -123 0x10 0177 |
| 44 | |
| 1621 | 45 Float A floating point number. |floating-point-format| *Float* |
| 46 {only when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 47 Examples: 123.456 1.15e-6 -1.1e3 | |
| 48 | |
| 99 | 49 String A NUL terminated string of 8-bit unsigned characters (bytes). |
| 1621 | 50 |expr-string| Examples: "ab\txx\"--" 'x-z''a,c' |
| 99 | 51 |
| 52 List An ordered sequence of items |List|. | |
| 53 Example: [1, 2, ['a', 'b']] | |
| 55 | 54 |
| 370 | 55 Dictionary An associative, unordered array: Each entry has a key and a |
| 56 value. |Dictionary| | |
| 57 Example: {'blue': "#0000ff", 'red': "#ff0000"} | |
| 58 | |
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59 Funcref A reference to a function |Funcref|. |
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60 Example: function("strlen") |
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61 |
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62 Special |v:false|, |v:true|, |v:none| and |v:null|. *Special* |
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63 |
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64 Job Used for a job, see |job_start()|. *Job* *Jobs* |
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65 |
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66 Channel Used for a channel, see |ch_open()|. *Channel* *Channels* |
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67 |
| 55 | 68 The Number and String types are converted automatically, depending on how they |
| 69 are used. | |
| 7 | 70 |
| 71 Conversion from a Number to a String is by making the ASCII representation of | |
| 2581 | 72 the Number. Examples: |
| 73 Number 123 --> String "123" ~ | |
| 74 Number 0 --> String "0" ~ | |
| 75 Number -1 --> String "-1" ~ | |
| 2152 | 76 *octal* |
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77 Conversion from a String to a Number is done by converting the first digits to |
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78 a number. Hexadecimal "0xf9", Octal "017", and Binary "0b10" numbers are |
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79 recognized. If the String doesn't start with digits, the result is zero. |
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80 Examples: |
| 2581 | 81 String "456" --> Number 456 ~ |
| 82 String "6bar" --> Number 6 ~ | |
| 83 String "foo" --> Number 0 ~ | |
| 84 String "0xf1" --> Number 241 ~ | |
| 85 String "0100" --> Number 64 ~ | |
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86 String "0b101" --> Number 5 ~ |
| 2581 | 87 String "-8" --> Number -8 ~ |
| 88 String "+8" --> Number 0 ~ | |
| 7 | 89 |
| 90 To force conversion from String to Number, add zero to it: > | |
| 91 :echo "0100" + 0 | |
| 782 | 92 < 64 ~ |
| 93 | |
| 94 To avoid a leading zero to cause octal conversion, or for using a different | |
| 95 base, use |str2nr()|. | |
| 7 | 96 |
| 97 For boolean operators Numbers are used. Zero is FALSE, non-zero is TRUE. | |
| 98 | |
| 99 Note that in the command > | |
| 100 :if "foo" | |
| 101 "foo" is converted to 0, which means FALSE. To test for a non-empty string, | |
| 3893 | 102 use empty(): > |
| 103 :if !empty("foo") | |
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104 < |
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105 *E745* *E728* *E703* *E729* *E730* *E731* *E908* *E910* *E913* |
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106 List, Dictionary, Funcref and Job types are not automatically converted. |
| 85 | 107 |
| 1621 | 108 *E805* *E806* *E808* |
| 109 When mixing Number and Float the Number is converted to Float. Otherwise | |
| 110 there is no automatic conversion of Float. You can use str2float() for String | |
| 111 to Float, printf() for Float to String and float2nr() for Float to Number. | |
| 112 | |
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113 *E891* *E892* *E893* *E894* *E907* *E911* *E914* |
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114 When expecting a Float a Number can also be used, but nothing else. |
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115 |
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116 *no-type-checking* |
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117 You will not get an error if you try to change the type of a variable. |
| 85 | 118 |
| 119 | |
| 87 | 120 1.2 Function references ~ |
| 153 | 121 *Funcref* *E695* *E718* |
| 1621 | 122 A Funcref variable is obtained with the |function()| function. It can be used |
| 114 | 123 in an expression in the place of a function name, before the parenthesis |
| 124 around the arguments, to invoke the function it refers to. Example: > | |
| 55 | 125 |
| 126 :let Fn = function("MyFunc") | |
| 127 :echo Fn() | |
| 114 | 128 < *E704* *E705* *E707* |
| 819 | 129 A Funcref variable must start with a capital, "s:", "w:", "t:" or "b:". You |
| 5340 | 130 can use "g:" but the following name must still start with a capital. You |
| 819 | 131 cannot have both a Funcref variable and a function with the same name. |
| 85 | 132 |
| 114 | 133 A special case is defining a function and directly assigning its Funcref to a |
| 134 Dictionary entry. Example: > | |
| 135 :function dict.init() dict | |
| 136 : let self.val = 0 | |
| 137 :endfunction | |
| 138 | |
| 139 The key of the Dictionary can start with a lower case letter. The actual | |
| 140 function name is not used here. Also see |numbered-function|. | |
| 141 | |
| 142 A Funcref can also be used with the |:call| command: > | |
| 143 :call Fn() | |
| 144 :call dict.init() | |
| 85 | 145 |
| 146 The name of the referenced function can be obtained with |string()|. > | |
| 119 | 147 :let func = string(Fn) |
| 85 | 148 |
| 149 You can use |call()| to invoke a Funcref and use a list variable for the | |
| 150 arguments: > | |
| 119 | 151 :let r = call(Fn, mylist) |
| 85 | 152 |
| 153 | |
| 87 | 154 1.3 Lists ~ |
| 5814 | 155 *list* *List* *Lists* *E686* |
| 55 | 156 A List is an ordered sequence of items. An item can be of any type. Items |
| 1621 | 157 can be accessed by their index number. Items can be added and removed at any |
| 55 | 158 position in the sequence. |
| 159 | |
| 85 | 160 |
| 161 List creation ~ | |
| 162 *E696* *E697* | |
| 55 | 163 A List is created with a comma separated list of items in square brackets. |
| 85 | 164 Examples: > |
| 165 :let mylist = [1, two, 3, "four"] | |
| 166 :let emptylist = [] | |
| 55 | 167 |
| 1621 | 168 An item can be any expression. Using a List for an item creates a |
| 842 | 169 List of Lists: > |
| 85 | 170 :let nestlist = [[11, 12], [21, 22], [31, 32]] |
| 55 | 171 |
| 172 An extra comma after the last item is ignored. | |
| 173 | |
| 85 | 174 |
| 175 List index ~ | |
| 176 *list-index* *E684* | |
| 55 | 177 An item in the List can be accessed by putting the index in square brackets |
| 85 | 178 after the List. Indexes are zero-based, thus the first item has index zero. > |
| 179 :let item = mylist[0] " get the first item: 1 | |
| 55 | 180 :let item = mylist[2] " get the third item: 3 |
| 85 | 181 |
| 87 | 182 When the resulting item is a list this can be repeated: > |
| 85 | 183 :let item = nestlist[0][1] " get the first list, second item: 12 |
| 55 | 184 < |
| 85 | 185 A negative index is counted from the end. Index -1 refers to the last item in |
| 186 the List, -2 to the last but one item, etc. > | |
| 55 | 187 :let last = mylist[-1] " get the last item: "four" |
| 188 | |
| 85 | 189 To avoid an error for an invalid index use the |get()| function. When an item |
| 87 | 190 is not available it returns zero or the default value you specify: > |
| 85 | 191 :echo get(mylist, idx) |
| 192 :echo get(mylist, idx, "NONE") | |
| 193 | |
| 194 | |
| 195 List concatenation ~ | |
| 196 | |
| 197 Two lists can be concatenated with the "+" operator: > | |
| 198 :let longlist = mylist + [5, 6] | |
| 119 | 199 :let mylist += [7, 8] |
| 85 | 200 |
| 201 To prepend or append an item turn the item into a list by putting [] around | |
| 202 it. To change a list in-place see |list-modification| below. | |
| 203 | |
| 204 | |
| 205 Sublist ~ | |
| 206 | |
| 55 | 207 A part of the List can be obtained by specifying the first and last index, |
| 208 separated by a colon in square brackets: > | |
| 85 | 209 :let shortlist = mylist[2:-1] " get List [3, "four"] |
| 55 | 210 |
| 211 Omitting the first index is similar to zero. Omitting the last index is | |
| 1156 | 212 similar to -1. > |
| 90 | 213 :let endlist = mylist[2:] " from item 2 to the end: [3, "four"] |
| 214 :let shortlist = mylist[2:2] " List with one item: [3] | |
| 215 :let otherlist = mylist[:] " make a copy of the List | |
| 85 | 216 |
| 842 | 217 If the first index is beyond the last item of the List or the second item is |
| 218 before the first item, the result is an empty list. There is no error | |
| 219 message. | |
| 220 | |
| 221 If the second index is equal to or greater than the length of the list the | |
| 222 length minus one is used: > | |
| 829 | 223 :let mylist = [0, 1, 2, 3] |
| 224 :echo mylist[2:8] " result: [2, 3] | |
| 225 | |
| 270 | 226 NOTE: mylist[s:e] means using the variable "s:e" as index. Watch out for |
| 1621 | 227 using a single letter variable before the ":". Insert a space when needed: |
| 270 | 228 mylist[s : e]. |
| 229 | |
| 85 | 230 |
| 231 List identity ~ | |
| 99 | 232 *list-identity* |
| 85 | 233 When variable "aa" is a list and you assign it to another variable "bb", both |
| 234 variables refer to the same list. Thus changing the list "aa" will also | |
| 235 change "bb": > | |
| 236 :let aa = [1, 2, 3] | |
| 237 :let bb = aa | |
| 238 :call add(aa, 4) | |
| 239 :echo bb | |
| 114 | 240 < [1, 2, 3, 4] |
| 85 | 241 |
| 242 Making a copy of a list is done with the |copy()| function. Using [:] also | |
| 243 works, as explained above. This creates a shallow copy of the list: Changing | |
| 87 | 244 a list item in the list will also change the item in the copied list: > |
| 85 | 245 :let aa = [[1, 'a'], 2, 3] |
| 246 :let bb = copy(aa) | |
| 114 | 247 :call add(aa, 4) |
| 85 | 248 :let aa[0][1] = 'aaa' |
| 249 :echo aa | |
| 114 | 250 < [[1, aaa], 2, 3, 4] > |
| 85 | 251 :echo bb |
| 114 | 252 < [[1, aaa], 2, 3] |
| 85 | 253 |
| 87 | 254 To make a completely independent list use |deepcopy()|. This also makes a |
| 114 | 255 copy of the values in the list, recursively. Up to a hundred levels deep. |
| 85 | 256 |
| 257 The operator "is" can be used to check if two variables refer to the same | |
| 114 | 258 List. "isnot" does the opposite. In contrast "==" compares if two lists have |
| 87 | 259 the same value. > |
| 260 :let alist = [1, 2, 3] | |
| 261 :let blist = [1, 2, 3] | |
| 262 :echo alist is blist | |
| 114 | 263 < 0 > |
| 87 | 264 :echo alist == blist |
| 114 | 265 < 1 |
| 85 | 266 |
| 323 | 267 Note about comparing lists: Two lists are considered equal if they have the |
| 268 same length and all items compare equal, as with using "==". There is one | |
| 388 | 269 exception: When comparing a number with a string they are considered |
| 270 different. There is no automatic type conversion, as with using "==" on | |
| 271 variables. Example: > | |
| 272 echo 4 == "4" | |
| 323 | 273 < 1 > |
| 388 | 274 echo [4] == ["4"] |
| 323 | 275 < 0 |
| 276 | |
| 388 | 277 Thus comparing Lists is more strict than comparing numbers and strings. You |
| 1621 | 278 can compare simple values this way too by putting them in a list: > |
| 388 | 279 |
| 280 :let a = 5 | |
| 281 :let b = "5" | |
| 1621 | 282 :echo a == b |
| 388 | 283 < 1 > |
| 1621 | 284 :echo [a] == [b] |
| 388 | 285 < 0 |
| 323 | 286 |
| 85 | 287 |
| 288 List unpack ~ | |
| 289 | |
| 290 To unpack the items in a list to individual variables, put the variables in | |
| 291 square brackets, like list items: > | |
| 292 :let [var1, var2] = mylist | |
| 293 | |
| 294 When the number of variables does not match the number of items in the list | |
| 295 this produces an error. To handle any extra items from the list append ";" | |
| 296 and a variable name: > | |
| 297 :let [var1, var2; rest] = mylist | |
| 298 | |
| 299 This works like: > | |
| 300 :let var1 = mylist[0] | |
| 301 :let var2 = mylist[1] | |
| 95 | 302 :let rest = mylist[2:] |
| 85 | 303 |
| 304 Except that there is no error if there are only two items. "rest" will be an | |
| 305 empty list then. | |
| 306 | |
| 307 | |
| 308 List modification ~ | |
| 309 *list-modification* | |
| 87 | 310 To change a specific item of a list use |:let| this way: > |
| 85 | 311 :let list[4] = "four" |
| 312 :let listlist[0][3] = item | |
| 313 | |
| 87 | 314 To change part of a list you can specify the first and last item to be |
| 114 | 315 modified. The value must at least have the number of items in the range: > |
| 87 | 316 :let list[3:5] = [3, 4, 5] |
| 317 | |
| 85 | 318 Adding and removing items from a list is done with functions. Here are a few |
| 319 examples: > | |
| 320 :call insert(list, 'a') " prepend item 'a' | |
| 321 :call insert(list, 'a', 3) " insert item 'a' before list[3] | |
| 322 :call add(list, "new") " append String item | |
| 114 | 323 :call add(list, [1, 2]) " append a List as one new item |
| 85 | 324 :call extend(list, [1, 2]) " extend the list with two more items |
| 325 :let i = remove(list, 3) " remove item 3 | |
| 108 | 326 :unlet list[3] " idem |
| 85 | 327 :let l = remove(list, 3, -1) " remove items 3 to last item |
| 108 | 328 :unlet list[3 : ] " idem |
| 114 | 329 :call filter(list, 'v:val !~ "x"') " remove items with an 'x' |
| 330 | |
| 331 Changing the order of items in a list: > | |
| 87 | 332 :call sort(list) " sort a list alphabetically |
| 333 :call reverse(list) " reverse the order of items | |
| 5747 | 334 :call uniq(sort(list)) " sort and remove duplicates |
| 87 | 335 |
| 85 | 336 |
| 337 For loop ~ | |
| 338 | |
| 87 | 339 The |:for| loop executes commands for each item in a list. A variable is set |
| 340 to each item in the list in sequence. Example: > | |
| 114 | 341 :for item in mylist |
| 342 : call Doit(item) | |
| 85 | 343 :endfor |
| 344 | |
| 345 This works like: > | |
| 346 :let index = 0 | |
| 347 :while index < len(mylist) | |
| 114 | 348 : let item = mylist[index] |
| 349 : :call Doit(item) | |
| 85 | 350 : let index = index + 1 |
| 351 :endwhile | |
| 352 | |
| 95 | 353 If all you want to do is modify each item in the list then the |map()| |
| 114 | 354 function will be a simpler method than a for loop. |
| 95 | 355 |
| 1621 | 356 Just like the |:let| command, |:for| also accepts a list of variables. This |
| 85 | 357 requires the argument to be a list of lists. > |
| 358 :for [lnum, col] in [[1, 3], [2, 8], [3, 0]] | |
| 359 : call Doit(lnum, col) | |
| 360 :endfor | |
| 361 | |
| 362 This works like a |:let| command is done for each list item. Again, the types | |
| 363 must remain the same to avoid an error. | |
| 364 | |
| 114 | 365 It is also possible to put remaining items in a List variable: > |
| 85 | 366 :for [i, j; rest] in listlist |
| 367 : call Doit(i, j) | |
| 368 : if !empty(rest) | |
| 369 : echo "remainder: " . string(rest) | |
| 370 : endif | |
| 371 :endfor | |
| 372 | |
| 373 | |
| 374 List functions ~ | |
| 114 | 375 *E714* |
| 85 | 376 Functions that are useful with a List: > |
| 87 | 377 :let r = call(funcname, list) " call a function with an argument list |
| 85 | 378 :if empty(list) " check if list is empty |
| 102 | 379 :let l = len(list) " number of items in list |
| 380 :let big = max(list) " maximum value in list | |
| 381 :let small = min(list) " minimum value in list | |
| 87 | 382 :let xs = count(list, 'x') " count nr of times 'x' appears in list |
| 383 :let i = index(list, 'x') " index of first 'x' in list | |
| 85 | 384 :let lines = getline(1, 10) " get ten text lines from buffer |
| 385 :call append('$', lines) " append text lines in buffer | |
| 95 | 386 :let list = split("a b c") " create list from items in a string |
| 387 :let string = join(list, ', ') " create string from list items | |
| 102 | 388 :let s = string(list) " String representation of list |
| 389 :call map(list, '">> " . v:val') " prepend ">> " to each item | |
| 99 | 390 |
| 258 | 391 Don't forget that a combination of features can make things simple. For |
| 392 example, to add up all the numbers in a list: > | |
| 393 :exe 'let sum = ' . join(nrlist, '+') | |
| 394 | |
| 99 | 395 |
| 396 1.4 Dictionaries ~ | |
| 5814 | 397 *dict* *Dictionaries* *Dictionary* |
| 99 | 398 A Dictionary is an associative array: Each entry has a key and a value. The |
| 114 | 399 entry can be located with the key. The entries are stored without a specific |
| 400 ordering. | |
| 99 | 401 |
| 402 | |
| 403 Dictionary creation ~ | |
| 114 | 404 *E720* *E721* *E722* *E723* |
| 99 | 405 A Dictionary is created with a comma separated list of entries in curly |
| 114 | 406 braces. Each entry has a key and a value, separated by a colon. Each key can |
| 407 only appear once. Examples: > | |
| 99 | 408 :let mydict = {1: 'one', 2: 'two', 3: 'three'} |
| 409 :let emptydict = {} | |
| 114 | 410 < *E713* *E716* *E717* |
| 99 | 411 A key is always a String. You can use a Number, it will be converted to a |
| 412 String automatically. Thus the String '4' and the number 4 will find the same | |
| 1621 | 413 entry. Note that the String '04' and the Number 04 are different, since the |
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414 Number will be converted to the String '4'. The empty string can be used as a |
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415 key. |
| 114 | 416 |
| 1621 | 417 A value can be any expression. Using a Dictionary for a value creates a |
| 99 | 418 nested Dictionary: > |
| 419 :let nestdict = {1: {11: 'a', 12: 'b'}, 2: {21: 'c'}} | |
| 420 | |
| 421 An extra comma after the last entry is ignored. | |
| 422 | |
| 423 | |
| 424 Accessing entries ~ | |
| 425 | |
| 426 The normal way to access an entry is by putting the key in square brackets: > | |
| 427 :let val = mydict["one"] | |
| 428 :let mydict["four"] = 4 | |
| 429 | |
| 114 | 430 You can add new entries to an existing Dictionary this way, unlike Lists. |
| 99 | 431 |
| 432 For keys that consist entirely of letters, digits and underscore the following | |
| 433 form can be used |expr-entry|: > | |
| 434 :let val = mydict.one | |
| 435 :let mydict.four = 4 | |
| 436 | |
| 437 Since an entry can be any type, also a List and a Dictionary, the indexing and | |
| 438 key lookup can be repeated: > | |
| 114 | 439 :echo dict.key[idx].key |
| 99 | 440 |
| 441 | |
| 442 Dictionary to List conversion ~ | |
| 443 | |
| 1621 | 444 You may want to loop over the entries in a dictionary. For this you need to |
| 99 | 445 turn the Dictionary into a List and pass it to |:for|. |
| 446 | |
| 447 Most often you want to loop over the keys, using the |keys()| function: > | |
| 448 :for key in keys(mydict) | |
| 449 : echo key . ': ' . mydict[key] | |
| 450 :endfor | |
| 451 | |
| 452 The List of keys is unsorted. You may want to sort them first: > | |
| 453 :for key in sort(keys(mydict)) | |
| 454 | |
| 455 To loop over the values use the |values()| function: > | |
| 456 :for v in values(mydict) | |
| 457 : echo "value: " . v | |
| 458 :endfor | |
| 459 | |
| 460 If you want both the key and the value use the |items()| function. It returns | |
| 1621 | 461 a List in which each item is a List with two items, the key and the value: > |
| 1156 | 462 :for [key, value] in items(mydict) |
| 463 : echo key . ': ' . value | |
| 99 | 464 :endfor |
| 465 | |
| 466 | |
| 467 Dictionary identity ~ | |
| 161 | 468 *dict-identity* |
| 99 | 469 Just like Lists you need to use |copy()| and |deepcopy()| to make a copy of a |
| 470 Dictionary. Otherwise, assignment results in referring to the same | |
| 471 Dictionary: > | |
| 472 :let onedict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} | |
| 473 :let adict = onedict | |
| 474 :let adict['a'] = 11 | |
| 475 :echo onedict['a'] | |
| 476 11 | |
| 477 | |
| 327 | 478 Two Dictionaries compare equal if all the key-value pairs compare equal. For |
| 479 more info see |list-identity|. | |
| 99 | 480 |
| 481 | |
| 482 Dictionary modification ~ | |
| 483 *dict-modification* | |
| 484 To change an already existing entry of a Dictionary, or to add a new entry, | |
| 485 use |:let| this way: > | |
| 486 :let dict[4] = "four" | |
| 487 :let dict['one'] = item | |
| 488 | |
| 108 | 489 Removing an entry from a Dictionary is done with |remove()| or |:unlet|. |
| 490 Three ways to remove the entry with key "aaa" from dict: > | |
| 491 :let i = remove(dict, 'aaa') | |
| 492 :unlet dict.aaa | |
| 493 :unlet dict['aaa'] | |
| 99 | 494 |
| 495 Merging a Dictionary with another is done with |extend()|: > | |
| 114 | 496 :call extend(adict, bdict) |
| 497 This extends adict with all entries from bdict. Duplicate keys cause entries | |
| 498 in adict to be overwritten. An optional third argument can change this. | |
| 119 | 499 Note that the order of entries in a Dictionary is irrelevant, thus don't |
| 500 expect ":echo adict" to show the items from bdict after the older entries in | |
| 501 adict. | |
| 99 | 502 |
| 503 Weeding out entries from a Dictionary can be done with |filter()|: > | |
| 1156 | 504 :call filter(dict, 'v:val =~ "x"') |
| 114 | 505 This removes all entries from "dict" with a value not matching 'x'. |
| 102 | 506 |
| 507 | |
| 508 Dictionary function ~ | |
| 4159 | 509 *Dictionary-function* *self* *E725* *E862* |
| 102 | 510 When a function is defined with the "dict" attribute it can be used in a |
| 1621 | 511 special way with a dictionary. Example: > |
| 102 | 512 :function Mylen() dict |
| 114 | 513 : return len(self.data) |
| 102 | 514 :endfunction |
| 114 | 515 :let mydict = {'data': [0, 1, 2, 3], 'len': function("Mylen")} |
| 516 :echo mydict.len() | |
| 102 | 517 |
| 518 This is like a method in object oriented programming. The entry in the | |
| 519 Dictionary is a |Funcref|. The local variable "self" refers to the dictionary | |
| 520 the function was invoked from. | |
| 521 | |
| 114 | 522 It is also possible to add a function without the "dict" attribute as a |
| 523 Funcref to a Dictionary, but the "self" variable is not available then. | |
| 524 | |
| 819 | 525 *numbered-function* *anonymous-function* |
| 102 | 526 To avoid the extra name for the function it can be defined and directly |
| 527 assigned to a Dictionary in this way: > | |
| 114 | 528 :let mydict = {'data': [0, 1, 2, 3]} |
| 6741 | 529 :function mydict.len() |
| 114 | 530 : return len(self.data) |
| 102 | 531 :endfunction |
| 114 | 532 :echo mydict.len() |
| 533 | |
| 534 The function will then get a number and the value of dict.len is a |Funcref| | |
| 1621 | 535 that references this function. The function can only be used through a |
| 114 | 536 |Funcref|. It will automatically be deleted when there is no |Funcref| |
| 537 remaining that refers to it. | |
| 538 | |
| 539 It is not necessary to use the "dict" attribute for a numbered function. | |
| 102 | 540 |
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541 If you get an error for a numbered function, you can find out what it is with |
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542 a trick. Assuming the function is 42, the command is: > |
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543 :function {42} |
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544 |
| 102 | 545 |
| 546 Functions for Dictionaries ~ | |
| 114 | 547 *E715* |
| 548 Functions that can be used with a Dictionary: > | |
| 102 | 549 :if has_key(dict, 'foo') " TRUE if dict has entry with key "foo" |
| 550 :if empty(dict) " TRUE if dict is empty | |
| 551 :let l = len(dict) " number of items in dict | |
| 552 :let big = max(dict) " maximum value in dict | |
| 553 :let small = min(dict) " minimum value in dict | |
| 554 :let xs = count(dict, 'x') " count nr of times 'x' appears in dict | |
| 555 :let s = string(dict) " String representation of dict | |
| 556 :call map(dict, '">> " . v:val') " prepend ">> " to each item | |
| 99 | 557 |
| 558 | |
| 559 1.5 More about variables ~ | |
| 85 | 560 *more-variables* |
| 7 | 561 If you need to know the type of a variable or expression, use the |type()| |
| 562 function. | |
| 563 | |
| 564 When the '!' flag is included in the 'viminfo' option, global variables that | |
| 565 start with an uppercase letter, and don't contain a lowercase letter, are | |
| 566 stored in the viminfo file |viminfo-file|. | |
| 567 | |
| 568 When the 'sessionoptions' option contains "global", global variables that | |
| 569 start with an uppercase letter and contain at least one lowercase letter are | |
| 570 stored in the session file |session-file|. | |
| 571 | |
| 572 variable name can be stored where ~ | |
| 573 my_var_6 not | |
| 574 My_Var_6 session file | |
| 575 MY_VAR_6 viminfo file | |
| 576 | |
| 577 | |
| 578 It's possible to form a variable name with curly braces, see | |
| 579 |curly-braces-names|. | |
| 580 | |
| 581 ============================================================================== | |
| 582 2. Expression syntax *expression-syntax* | |
| 583 | |
| 584 Expression syntax summary, from least to most significant: | |
| 585 | |
| 586 |expr1| expr2 ? expr1 : expr1 if-then-else | |
| 587 | |
| 588 |expr2| expr3 || expr3 .. logical OR | |
| 589 | |
| 590 |expr3| expr4 && expr4 .. logical AND | |
| 591 | |
| 592 |expr4| expr5 == expr5 equal | |
| 593 expr5 != expr5 not equal | |
| 594 expr5 > expr5 greater than | |
| 595 expr5 >= expr5 greater than or equal | |
| 596 expr5 < expr5 smaller than | |
| 597 expr5 <= expr5 smaller than or equal | |
| 598 expr5 =~ expr5 regexp matches | |
| 599 expr5 !~ expr5 regexp doesn't match | |
| 600 | |
| 601 expr5 ==? expr5 equal, ignoring case | |
| 602 expr5 ==# expr5 equal, match case | |
| 603 etc. As above, append ? for ignoring case, # for | |
| 604 matching case | |
| 605 | |
| 685 | 606 expr5 is expr5 same |List| instance |
| 607 expr5 isnot expr5 different |List| instance | |
| 79 | 608 |
| 609 |expr5| expr6 + expr6 .. number addition or list concatenation | |
| 7 | 610 expr6 - expr6 .. number subtraction |
| 611 expr6 . expr6 .. string concatenation | |
| 612 | |
| 613 |expr6| expr7 * expr7 .. number multiplication | |
| 614 expr7 / expr7 .. number division | |
| 615 expr7 % expr7 .. number modulo | |
| 616 | |
| 617 |expr7| ! expr7 logical NOT | |
| 618 - expr7 unary minus | |
| 619 + expr7 unary plus | |
| 102 | 620 |
| 685 | 621 |expr8| expr8[expr1] byte of a String or item of a |List| |
| 622 expr8[expr1 : expr1] substring of a String or sublist of a |List| | |
| 623 expr8.name entry in a |Dictionary| | |
| 624 expr8(expr1, ...) function call with |Funcref| variable | |
| 102 | 625 |
| 626 |expr9| number number constant | |
| 26 | 627 "string" string constant, backslash is special |
| 99 | 628 'string' string constant, ' is doubled |
| 685 | 629 [expr1, ...] |List| |
| 630 {expr1: expr1, ...} |Dictionary| | |
| 7 | 631 &option option value |
| 632 (expr1) nested expression | |
| 633 variable internal variable | |
| 634 va{ria}ble internal variable with curly braces | |
| 635 $VAR environment variable | |
| 636 @r contents of register 'r' | |
| 637 function(expr1, ...) function call | |
| 638 func{ti}on(expr1, ...) function call with curly braces | |
| 639 | |
| 640 | |
| 641 ".." indicates that the operations in this level can be concatenated. | |
| 642 Example: > | |
| 643 &nu || &list && &shell == "csh" | |
| 644 | |
| 645 All expressions within one level are parsed from left to right. | |
| 646 | |
| 647 | |
| 648 expr1 *expr1* *E109* | |
| 649 ----- | |
| 650 | |
| 651 expr2 ? expr1 : expr1 | |
| 652 | |
| 653 The expression before the '?' is evaluated to a number. If it evaluates to | |
| 654 non-zero, the result is the value of the expression between the '?' and ':', | |
| 655 otherwise the result is the value of the expression after the ':'. | |
| 656 Example: > | |
| 657 :echo lnum == 1 ? "top" : lnum | |
| 658 | |
| 659 Since the first expression is an "expr2", it cannot contain another ?:. The | |
| 660 other two expressions can, thus allow for recursive use of ?:. | |
| 661 Example: > | |
| 662 :echo lnum == 1 ? "top" : lnum == 1000 ? "last" : lnum | |
| 663 | |
| 664 To keep this readable, using |line-continuation| is suggested: > | |
| 665 :echo lnum == 1 | |
| 666 :\ ? "top" | |
| 667 :\ : lnum == 1000 | |
| 668 :\ ? "last" | |
| 669 :\ : lnum | |
| 670 | |
| 1156 | 671 You should always put a space before the ':', otherwise it can be mistaken for |
| 672 use in a variable such as "a:1". | |
| 673 | |
| 7 | 674 |
| 675 expr2 and expr3 *expr2* *expr3* | |
| 676 --------------- | |
| 677 | |
| 678 *expr-barbar* *expr-&&* | |
| 679 The "||" and "&&" operators take one argument on each side. The arguments | |
| 680 are (converted to) Numbers. The result is: | |
| 681 | |
| 682 input output ~ | |
| 683 n1 n2 n1 || n2 n1 && n2 ~ | |
| 684 zero zero zero zero | |
| 685 zero non-zero non-zero zero | |
| 686 non-zero zero non-zero zero | |
| 687 non-zero non-zero non-zero non-zero | |
| 688 | |
| 689 The operators can be concatenated, for example: > | |
| 690 | |
| 691 &nu || &list && &shell == "csh" | |
| 692 | |
| 693 Note that "&&" takes precedence over "||", so this has the meaning of: > | |
| 694 | |
| 695 &nu || (&list && &shell == "csh") | |
| 696 | |
| 697 Once the result is known, the expression "short-circuits", that is, further | |
| 698 arguments are not evaluated. This is like what happens in C. For example: > | |
| 699 | |
| 700 let a = 1 | |
| 701 echo a || b | |
| 702 | |
| 703 This is valid even if there is no variable called "b" because "a" is non-zero, | |
| 704 so the result must be non-zero. Similarly below: > | |
| 705 | |
| 706 echo exists("b") && b == "yes" | |
| 707 | |
| 708 This is valid whether "b" has been defined or not. The second clause will | |
| 709 only be evaluated if "b" has been defined. | |
| 710 | |
| 711 | |
| 712 expr4 *expr4* | |
| 713 ----- | |
| 714 | |
| 715 expr5 {cmp} expr5 | |
| 716 | |
| 717 Compare two expr5 expressions, resulting in a 0 if it evaluates to false, or 1 | |
| 718 if it evaluates to true. | |
| 719 | |
| 1621 | 720 *expr-==* *expr-!=* *expr->* *expr->=* |
| 7 | 721 *expr-<* *expr-<=* *expr-=~* *expr-!~* |
| 722 *expr-==#* *expr-!=#* *expr->#* *expr->=#* | |
| 723 *expr-<#* *expr-<=#* *expr-=~#* *expr-!~#* | |
| 724 *expr-==?* *expr-!=?* *expr->?* *expr->=?* | |
| 725 *expr-<?* *expr-<=?* *expr-=~?* *expr-!~?* | |
| 2908 | 726 *expr-is* *expr-isnot* *expr-is#* *expr-isnot#* |
| 727 *expr-is?* *expr-isnot?* | |
| 7 | 728 use 'ignorecase' match case ignore case ~ |
| 729 equal == ==# ==? | |
| 730 not equal != !=# !=? | |
| 731 greater than > ># >? | |
| 732 greater than or equal >= >=# >=? | |
| 733 smaller than < <# <? | |
| 734 smaller than or equal <= <=# <=? | |
| 735 regexp matches =~ =~# =~? | |
| 736 regexp doesn't match !~ !~# !~? | |
| 2908 | 737 same instance is is# is? |
| 738 different instance isnot isnot# isnot? | |
| 7 | 739 |
| 740 Examples: | |
| 741 "abc" ==# "Abc" evaluates to 0 | |
| 742 "abc" ==? "Abc" evaluates to 1 | |
| 743 "abc" == "Abc" evaluates to 1 if 'ignorecase' is set, 0 otherwise | |
| 744 | |
| 85 | 745 *E691* *E692* |
| 685 | 746 A |List| can only be compared with a |List| and only "equal", "not equal" and |
| 747 "is" can be used. This compares the values of the list, recursively. | |
| 748 Ignoring case means case is ignored when comparing item values. | |
| 79 | 749 |
| 114 | 750 *E735* *E736* |
| 685 | 751 A |Dictionary| can only be compared with a |Dictionary| and only "equal", "not |
| 752 equal" and "is" can be used. This compares the key/values of the |Dictionary| | |
| 114 | 753 recursively. Ignoring case means case is ignored when comparing item values. |
| 754 | |
| 85 | 755 *E693* *E694* |
| 685 | 756 A |Funcref| can only be compared with a |Funcref| and only "equal" and "not |
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757 equal" can be used. Case is never ignored. Whether arguments or a Dictionary |
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758 are bound (with a partial) is ignored. This is so that when a function is |
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759 made a member of a Dictionary it is still considered to be the same function. |
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760 To compare partials to see if they bind the same argument and Dictionary |
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761 values use string(): > |
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762 echo string(Partial1) == string(Partial2) |
| 685 | 763 |
| 2908 | 764 When using "is" or "isnot" with a |List| or a |Dictionary| this checks if the |
| 765 expressions are referring to the same |List| or |Dictionary| instance. A copy | |
| 766 of a |List| is different from the original |List|. When using "is" without | |
| 767 a |List| or a |Dictionary| it is equivalent to using "equal", using "isnot" | |
| 768 equivalent to using "not equal". Except that a different type means the | |
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769 values are different: > |
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770 echo 4 == '4' |
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771 1 |
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772 echo 4 is '4' |
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773 0 |
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774 echo 0 is [] |
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775 0 |
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776 "is#"/"isnot#" and "is?"/"isnot?" can be used to match and ignore case. |
| 79 | 777 |
| 7 | 778 When comparing a String with a Number, the String is converted to a Number, |
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779 and the comparison is done on Numbers. This means that: > |
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780 echo 0 == 'x' |
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781 1 |
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782 because 'x' converted to a Number is zero. However: > |
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783 echo [0] == ['x'] |
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784 0 |
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785 Inside a List or Dictionary this conversion is not used. |
| 7 | 786 |
| 787 When comparing two Strings, this is done with strcmp() or stricmp(). This | |
| 788 results in the mathematical difference (comparing byte values), not | |
| 789 necessarily the alphabetical difference in the local language. | |
| 790 | |
| 1621 | 791 When using the operators with a trailing '#', or the short version and |
| 1156 | 792 'ignorecase' is off, the comparing is done with strcmp(): case matters. |
| 7 | 793 |
| 794 When using the operators with a trailing '?', or the short version and | |
| 1156 | 795 'ignorecase' is set, the comparing is done with stricmp(): case is ignored. |
| 796 | |
| 797 'smartcase' is not used. | |
| 7 | 798 |
| 799 The "=~" and "!~" operators match the lefthand argument with the righthand | |
| 800 argument, which is used as a pattern. See |pattern| for what a pattern is. | |
| 801 This matching is always done like 'magic' was set and 'cpoptions' is empty, no | |
| 802 matter what the actual value of 'magic' or 'cpoptions' is. This makes scripts | |
| 803 portable. To avoid backslashes in the regexp pattern to be doubled, use a | |
| 804 single-quote string, see |literal-string|. | |
| 805 Since a string is considered to be a single line, a multi-line pattern | |
| 806 (containing \n, backslash-n) will not match. However, a literal NL character | |
| 807 can be matched like an ordinary character. Examples: | |
| 808 "foo\nbar" =~ "\n" evaluates to 1 | |
| 809 "foo\nbar" =~ "\\n" evaluates to 0 | |
| 810 | |
| 811 | |
| 812 expr5 and expr6 *expr5* *expr6* | |
| 813 --------------- | |
| 685 | 814 expr6 + expr6 .. Number addition or |List| concatenation *expr-+* |
| 79 | 815 expr6 - expr6 .. Number subtraction *expr--* |
| 816 expr6 . expr6 .. String concatenation *expr-.* | |
| 817 | |
| 692 | 818 For |Lists| only "+" is possible and then both expr6 must be a list. The |
| 685 | 819 result is a new list with the two lists Concatenated. |
| 79 | 820 |
| 3214 | 821 expr7 * expr7 .. Number multiplication *expr-star* |
| 822 expr7 / expr7 .. Number division *expr-/* | |
| 823 expr7 % expr7 .. Number modulo *expr-%* | |
| 7 | 824 |
| 825 For all, except ".", Strings are converted to Numbers. | |
| 3214 | 826 For bitwise operators see |and()|, |or()| and |xor()|. |
| 7 | 827 |
| 828 Note the difference between "+" and ".": | |
| 829 "123" + "456" = 579 | |
| 830 "123" . "456" = "123456" | |
| 831 | |
| 1621 | 832 Since '.' has the same precedence as '+' and '-', you need to read: > |
| 833 1 . 90 + 90.0 | |
| 834 As: > | |
| 835 (1 . 90) + 90.0 | |
| 836 That works, since the String "190" is automatically converted to the Number | |
| 837 190, which can be added to the Float 90.0. However: > | |
| 838 1 . 90 * 90.0 | |
| 839 Should be read as: > | |
| 840 1 . (90 * 90.0) | |
| 841 Since '.' has lower precedence than '*'. This does NOT work, since this | |
| 842 attempts to concatenate a Float and a String. | |
| 843 | |
| 844 When dividing a Number by zero the result depends on the value: | |
| 845 0 / 0 = -0x80000000 (like NaN for Float) | |
| 846 >0 / 0 = 0x7fffffff (like positive infinity) | |
| 847 <0 / 0 = -0x7fffffff (like negative infinity) | |
| 848 (before Vim 7.2 it was always 0x7fffffff) | |
| 849 | |
| 7 | 850 When the righthand side of '%' is zero, the result is 0. |
| 851 | |
| 685 | 852 None of these work for |Funcref|s. |
| 79 | 853 |
| 1621 | 854 . and % do not work for Float. *E804* |
| 855 | |
| 7 | 856 |
| 857 expr7 *expr7* | |
| 858 ----- | |
| 859 ! expr7 logical NOT *expr-!* | |
| 860 - expr7 unary minus *expr-unary--* | |
| 861 + expr7 unary plus *expr-unary-+* | |
| 862 | |
| 863 For '!' non-zero becomes zero, zero becomes one. | |
| 864 For '-' the sign of the number is changed. | |
| 865 For '+' the number is unchanged. | |
| 866 | |
| 867 A String will be converted to a Number first. | |
| 868 | |
| 1621 | 869 These three can be repeated and mixed. Examples: |
| 7 | 870 !-1 == 0 |
| 871 !!8 == 1 | |
| 872 --9 == 9 | |
| 873 | |
| 874 | |
| 875 expr8 *expr8* | |
| 876 ----- | |
| 685 | 877 expr8[expr1] item of String or |List| *expr-[]* *E111* |
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878 *E909* *subscript* |
| 102 | 879 If expr8 is a Number or String this results in a String that contains the |
| 880 expr1'th single byte from expr8. expr8 is used as a String, expr1 as a | |
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881 Number. This doesn't recognize multi-byte encodings, see |byteidx()| for |
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882 an alternative, or use `split()` to turn the string into a list of characters. |
| 55 | 883 |
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884 Index zero gives the first byte. This is like it works in C. Careful: |
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885 text column numbers start with one! Example, to get the byte under the |
| 55 | 886 cursor: > |
| 823 | 887 :let c = getline(".")[col(".") - 1] |
| 7 | 888 |
| 889 If the length of the String is less than the index, the result is an empty | |
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890 String. A negative index always results in an empty string (reason: backward |
| 55 | 891 compatibility). Use [-1:] to get the last byte. |
| 892 | |
| 685 | 893 If expr8 is a |List| then it results the item at index expr1. See |list-index| |
| 55 | 894 for possible index values. If the index is out of range this results in an |
| 1621 | 895 error. Example: > |
| 55 | 896 :let item = mylist[-1] " get last item |
| 897 | |
| 685 | 898 Generally, if a |List| index is equal to or higher than the length of the |
| 899 |List|, or more negative than the length of the |List|, this results in an | |
| 900 error. | |
| 55 | 901 |
| 99 | 902 |
| 102 | 903 expr8[expr1a : expr1b] substring or sublist *expr-[:]* |
| 904 | |
| 905 If expr8 is a Number or String this results in the substring with the bytes | |
| 906 from expr1a to and including expr1b. expr8 is used as a String, expr1a and | |
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907 expr1b are used as a Number. This doesn't recognize multi-byte encodings, see |
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908 |byteidx()| for computing the indexes. |
| 55 | 909 |
| 910 If expr1a is omitted zero is used. If expr1b is omitted the length of the | |
| 911 string minus one is used. | |
| 912 | |
| 913 A negative number can be used to measure from the end of the string. -1 is | |
| 914 the last character, -2 the last but one, etc. | |
| 915 | |
| 916 If an index goes out of range for the string characters are omitted. If | |
| 917 expr1b is smaller than expr1a the result is an empty string. | |
| 918 | |
| 919 Examples: > | |
| 920 :let c = name[-1:] " last byte of a string | |
| 921 :let c = name[-2:-2] " last but one byte of a string | |
| 922 :let s = line(".")[4:] " from the fifth byte to the end | |
| 923 :let s = s[:-3] " remove last two bytes | |
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924 < |
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925 *sublist* *slice* |
| 685 | 926 If expr8 is a |List| this results in a new |List| with the items indicated by |
| 1621 | 927 the indexes expr1a and expr1b. This works like with a String, as explained |
| 685 | 928 just above, except that indexes out of range cause an error. Examples: > |
| 55 | 929 :let l = mylist[:3] " first four items |
| 930 :let l = mylist[4:4] " List with one item | |
| 931 :let l = mylist[:] " shallow copy of a List | |
| 932 | |
| 685 | 933 Using expr8[expr1] or expr8[expr1a : expr1b] on a |Funcref| results in an |
| 934 error. | |
| 935 | |
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936 Watch out for confusion between a namespace and a variable followed by a colon |
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937 for a sublist: > |
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938 mylist[n:] " uses variable n |
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939 mylist[s:] " uses namespace s:, error! |
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940 |
| 685 | 941 |
| 942 expr8.name entry in a |Dictionary| *expr-entry* | |
| 943 | |
| 944 If expr8 is a |Dictionary| and it is followed by a dot, then the following | |
| 945 name will be used as a key in the |Dictionary|. This is just like: | |
| 946 expr8[name]. | |
| 99 | 947 |
| 948 The name must consist of alphanumeric characters, just like a variable name, | |
| 949 but it may start with a number. Curly braces cannot be used. | |
| 950 | |
| 951 There must not be white space before or after the dot. | |
| 952 | |
| 953 Examples: > | |
| 954 :let dict = {"one": 1, 2: "two"} | |
| 955 :echo dict.one | |
| 956 :echo dict .2 | |
| 957 | |
| 958 Note that the dot is also used for String concatenation. To avoid confusion | |
| 959 always put spaces around the dot for String concatenation. | |
| 960 | |
| 961 | |
| 685 | 962 expr8(expr1, ...) |Funcref| function call |
| 102 | 963 |
| 964 When expr8 is a |Funcref| type variable, invoke the function it refers to. | |
| 965 | |
| 966 | |
| 967 | |
| 968 *expr9* | |
| 7 | 969 number |
| 970 ------ | |
| 3224 | 971 number number constant *expr-number* |
| 972 *hex-number* *octal-number* | |
| 7 | 973 |
| 974 Decimal, Hexadecimal (starting with 0x or 0X), or Octal (starting with 0). | |
| 975 | |
| 1621 | 976 *floating-point-format* |
| 977 Floating point numbers can be written in two forms: | |
| 978 | |
| 979 [-+]{N}.{M} | |
| 6530 | 980 [-+]{N}.{M}[eE][-+]{exp} |
| 1621 | 981 |
| 982 {N} and {M} are numbers. Both {N} and {M} must be present and can only | |
| 983 contain digits. | |
| 984 [-+] means there is an optional plus or minus sign. | |
| 985 {exp} is the exponent, power of 10. | |
| 986 Only a decimal point is accepted, not a comma. No matter what the current | |
| 987 locale is. | |
| 988 {only when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 989 | |
| 990 Examples: | |
| 991 123.456 | |
| 992 +0.0001 | |
| 993 55.0 | |
| 994 -0.123 | |
| 995 1.234e03 | |
| 996 1.0E-6 | |
| 997 -3.1416e+88 | |
| 998 | |
| 999 These are INVALID: | |
| 1000 3. empty {M} | |
| 1001 1e40 missing .{M} | |
| 1002 | |
| 1698 | 1003 *float-pi* *float-e* |
| 1004 A few useful values to copy&paste: > | |
| 1005 :let pi = 3.14159265359 | |
| 1006 :let e = 2.71828182846 | |
| 1007 | |
| 1621 | 1008 Rationale: |
| 1009 Before floating point was introduced, the text "123.456" was interpreted as | |
| 1010 the two numbers "123" and "456", both converted to a string and concatenated, | |
| 1011 resulting in the string "123456". Since this was considered pointless, and we | |
| 1698 | 1012 could not find it intentionally being used in Vim scripts, this backwards |
| 1621 | 1013 incompatibility was accepted in favor of being able to use the normal notation |
| 1014 for floating point numbers. | |
| 1015 | |
| 1016 *floating-point-precision* | |
| 1017 The precision and range of floating points numbers depends on what "double" | |
| 1018 means in the library Vim was compiled with. There is no way to change this at | |
| 1019 runtime. | |
| 1020 | |
| 1021 The default for displaying a |Float| is to use 6 decimal places, like using | |
| 1022 printf("%g", f). You can select something else when using the |printf()| | |
| 1023 function. Example: > | |
| 1024 :echo printf('%.15e', atan(1)) | |
| 1025 < 7.853981633974483e-01 | |
| 1026 | |
| 1027 | |
| 7 | 1028 |
| 6884 | 1029 string *string* *String* *expr-string* *E114* |
| 7 | 1030 ------ |
| 1031 "string" string constant *expr-quote* | |
| 1032 | |
| 1033 Note that double quotes are used. | |
| 1034 | |
| 1035 A string constant accepts these special characters: | |
| 1036 \... three-digit octal number (e.g., "\316") | |
| 1037 \.. two-digit octal number (must be followed by non-digit) | |
| 1038 \. one-digit octal number (must be followed by non-digit) | |
| 1039 \x.. byte specified with two hex numbers (e.g., "\x1f") | |
| 1040 \x. byte specified with one hex number (must be followed by non-hex char) | |
| 1041 \X.. same as \x.. | |
| 1042 \X. same as \x. | |
| 1621 | 1043 \u.... character specified with up to 4 hex numbers, stored according to the |
| 7 | 1044 current value of 'encoding' (e.g., "\u02a4") |
| 6840 | 1045 \U.... same as \u but allows up to 8 hex numbers. |
| 7 | 1046 \b backspace <BS> |
| 1047 \e escape <Esc> | |
| 1048 \f formfeed <FF> | |
| 1049 \n newline <NL> | |
| 1050 \r return <CR> | |
| 1051 \t tab <Tab> | |
| 1052 \\ backslash | |
| 1053 \" double quote | |
| 2152 | 1054 \<xxx> Special key named "xxx". e.g. "\<C-W>" for CTRL-W. This is for use |
| 1055 in mappings, the 0x80 byte is escaped. Don't use <Char-xxxx> to get a | |
| 1056 utf-8 character, use \uxxxx as mentioned above. | |
| 7 | 1057 |
| 1156 | 1058 Note that "\xff" is stored as the byte 255, which may be invalid in some |
| 1059 encodings. Use "\u00ff" to store character 255 according to the current value | |
| 1060 of 'encoding'. | |
| 1061 | |
| 7 | 1062 Note that "\000" and "\x00" force the end of the string. |
| 1063 | |
| 1064 | |
| 1065 literal-string *literal-string* *E115* | |
| 1066 --------------- | |
| 26 | 1067 'string' string constant *expr-'* |
| 7 | 1068 |
| 1069 Note that single quotes are used. | |
| 1070 | |
| 1621 | 1071 This string is taken as it is. No backslashes are removed or have a special |
| 99 | 1072 meaning. The only exception is that two quotes stand for one quote. |
| 26 | 1073 |
| 1074 Single quoted strings are useful for patterns, so that backslashes do not need | |
| 1621 | 1075 to be doubled. These two commands are equivalent: > |
| 26 | 1076 if a =~ "\\s*" |
| 1077 if a =~ '\s*' | |
| 7 | 1078 |
| 1079 | |
| 1080 option *expr-option* *E112* *E113* | |
| 1081 ------ | |
| 1082 &option option value, local value if possible | |
| 1083 &g:option global option value | |
| 1084 &l:option local option value | |
| 1085 | |
| 1086 Examples: > | |
| 1087 echo "tabstop is " . &tabstop | |
| 1088 if &insertmode | |
| 1089 | |
| 1090 Any option name can be used here. See |options|. When using the local value | |
| 1091 and there is no buffer-local or window-local value, the global value is used | |
| 1092 anyway. | |
| 1093 | |
| 1094 | |
| 1156 | 1095 register *expr-register* *@r* |
| 7 | 1096 -------- |
| 1097 @r contents of register 'r' | |
| 1098 | |
| 1099 The result is the contents of the named register, as a single string. | |
| 1100 Newlines are inserted where required. To get the contents of the unnamed | |
| 1621 | 1101 register use @" or @@. See |registers| for an explanation of the available |
| 336 | 1102 registers. |
| 1103 | |
| 1104 When using the '=' register you get the expression itself, not what it | |
| 1105 evaluates to. Use |eval()| to evaluate it. | |
| 7 | 1106 |
| 1107 | |
| 1108 nesting *expr-nesting* *E110* | |
| 1109 ------- | |
| 1110 (expr1) nested expression | |
| 1111 | |
| 1112 | |
| 1113 environment variable *expr-env* | |
| 1114 -------------------- | |
| 1115 $VAR environment variable | |
| 1116 | |
| 1117 The String value of any environment variable. When it is not defined, the | |
| 1118 result is an empty string. | |
| 1119 *expr-env-expand* | |
| 1120 Note that there is a difference between using $VAR directly and using | |
| 1121 expand("$VAR"). Using it directly will only expand environment variables that | |
| 1122 are known inside the current Vim session. Using expand() will first try using | |
| 1123 the environment variables known inside the current Vim session. If that | |
| 1124 fails, a shell will be used to expand the variable. This can be slow, but it | |
| 1125 does expand all variables that the shell knows about. Example: > | |
| 6180 | 1126 :echo $shell |
| 1127 :echo expand("$shell") | |
| 1128 The first one probably doesn't echo anything, the second echoes the $shell | |
| 7 | 1129 variable (if your shell supports it). |
| 1130 | |
| 1131 | |
| 1132 internal variable *expr-variable* | |
| 1133 ----------------- | |
| 1134 variable internal variable | |
| 1135 See below |internal-variables|. | |
| 1136 | |
| 1137 | |
| 170 | 1138 function call *expr-function* *E116* *E118* *E119* *E120* |
| 7 | 1139 ------------- |
| 1140 function(expr1, ...) function call | |
| 1141 See below |functions|. | |
| 1142 | |
| 1143 | |
| 1144 ============================================================================== | |
| 2596 | 1145 3. Internal variable *internal-variables* *E461* |
| 1146 | |
| 7 | 1147 An internal variable name can be made up of letters, digits and '_'. But it |
| 1148 cannot start with a digit. It's also possible to use curly braces, see | |
| 1149 |curly-braces-names|. | |
| 1150 | |
| 1151 An internal variable is created with the ":let" command |:let|. | |
| 87 | 1152 An internal variable is explicitly destroyed with the ":unlet" command |
| 1153 |:unlet|. | |
| 1154 Using a name that is not an internal variable or refers to a variable that has | |
| 1155 been destroyed results in an error. | |
| 7 | 1156 |
| 1157 There are several name spaces for variables. Which one is to be used is | |
| 1158 specified by what is prepended: | |
| 1159 | |
| 1160 (nothing) In a function: local to a function; otherwise: global | |
| 1161 |buffer-variable| b: Local to the current buffer. | |
| 1162 |window-variable| w: Local to the current window. | |
| 819 | 1163 |tabpage-variable| t: Local to the current tab page. |
| 7 | 1164 |global-variable| g: Global. |
| 1165 |local-variable| l: Local to a function. | |
| 1166 |script-variable| s: Local to a |:source|'ed Vim script. | |
| 1167 |function-argument| a: Function argument (only inside a function). | |
| 5815 | 1168 |vim-variable| v: Global, predefined by Vim. |
| 7 | 1169 |
| 685 | 1170 The scope name by itself can be used as a |Dictionary|. For example, to |
| 1171 delete all script-local variables: > | |
| 133 | 1172 :for k in keys(s:) |
| 1173 : unlet s:[k] | |
| 1174 :endfor | |
| 1175 < | |
| 4358 | 1176 *buffer-variable* *b:var* *b:* |
| 7 | 1177 A variable name that is preceded with "b:" is local to the current buffer. |
| 1178 Thus you can have several "b:foo" variables, one for each buffer. | |
| 1179 This kind of variable is deleted when the buffer is wiped out or deleted with | |
| 1180 |:bdelete|. | |
| 1181 | |
| 1182 One local buffer variable is predefined: | |
| 4264 | 1183 *b:changedtick* *changetick* |
| 7 | 1184 b:changedtick The total number of changes to the current buffer. It is |
| 1185 incremented for each change. An undo command is also a change | |
| 1186 in this case. This can be used to perform an action only when | |
| 1187 the buffer has changed. Example: > | |
| 1188 :if my_changedtick != b:changedtick | |
| 1621 | 1189 : let my_changedtick = b:changedtick |
| 1190 : call My_Update() | |
| 7 | 1191 :endif |
| 1192 < | |
| 4358 | 1193 *window-variable* *w:var* *w:* |
| 7 | 1194 A variable name that is preceded with "w:" is local to the current window. It |
| 1195 is deleted when the window is closed. | |
| 1196 | |
| 4437 | 1197 *tabpage-variable* *t:var* *t:* |
| 819 | 1198 A variable name that is preceded with "t:" is local to the current tab page, |
| 1199 It is deleted when the tab page is closed. {not available when compiled | |
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1200 without the |+windows| feature} |
| 819 | 1201 |
| 4358 | 1202 *global-variable* *g:var* *g:* |
| 7 | 1203 Inside functions global variables are accessed with "g:". Omitting this will |
| 1621 | 1204 access a variable local to a function. But "g:" can also be used in any other |
| 7 | 1205 place if you like. |
| 1206 | |
| 4358 | 1207 *local-variable* *l:var* *l:* |
| 7 | 1208 Inside functions local variables are accessed without prepending anything. |
| 1156 | 1209 But you can also prepend "l:" if you like. However, without prepending "l:" |
| 1210 you may run into reserved variable names. For example "count". By itself it | |
| 1211 refers to "v:count". Using "l:count" you can have a local variable with the | |
| 1212 same name. | |
| 7 | 1213 |
| 1214 *script-variable* *s:var* | |
| 1215 In a Vim script variables starting with "s:" can be used. They cannot be | |
| 1216 accessed from outside of the scripts, thus are local to the script. | |
| 1217 | |
| 1218 They can be used in: | |
| 1219 - commands executed while the script is sourced | |
| 1220 - functions defined in the script | |
| 1221 - autocommands defined in the script | |
| 1222 - functions and autocommands defined in functions and autocommands which were | |
| 1223 defined in the script (recursively) | |
| 1224 - user defined commands defined in the script | |
| 1225 Thus not in: | |
| 1226 - other scripts sourced from this one | |
| 1227 - mappings | |
|
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1228 - menus |
| 7 | 1229 - etc. |
| 1230 | |
| 1156 | 1231 Script variables can be used to avoid conflicts with global variable names. |
| 1232 Take this example: > | |
| 7 | 1233 |
| 1234 let s:counter = 0 | |
| 1235 function MyCounter() | |
| 1236 let s:counter = s:counter + 1 | |
| 1237 echo s:counter | |
| 1238 endfunction | |
| 1239 command Tick call MyCounter() | |
| 1240 | |
| 1241 You can now invoke "Tick" from any script, and the "s:counter" variable in | |
| 1242 that script will not be changed, only the "s:counter" in the script where | |
| 1243 "Tick" was defined is used. | |
| 1244 | |
| 1245 Another example that does the same: > | |
| 1246 | |
| 1247 let s:counter = 0 | |
| 1248 command Tick let s:counter = s:counter + 1 | echo s:counter | |
| 1249 | |
| 1250 When calling a function and invoking a user-defined command, the context for | |
| 9 | 1251 script variables is set to the script where the function or command was |
| 7 | 1252 defined. |
| 1253 | |
| 1254 The script variables are also available when a function is defined inside a | |
| 1255 function that is defined in a script. Example: > | |
| 1256 | |
| 1257 let s:counter = 0 | |
| 1258 function StartCounting(incr) | |
| 1259 if a:incr | |
| 1260 function MyCounter() | |
| 1261 let s:counter = s:counter + 1 | |
| 1262 endfunction | |
| 1263 else | |
| 1264 function MyCounter() | |
| 1265 let s:counter = s:counter - 1 | |
| 1266 endfunction | |
| 1267 endif | |
| 1268 endfunction | |
| 1269 | |
| 1270 This defines the MyCounter() function either for counting up or counting down | |
| 1271 when calling StartCounting(). It doesn't matter from where StartCounting() is | |
| 1272 called, the s:counter variable will be accessible in MyCounter(). | |
| 1273 | |
| 1274 When the same script is sourced again it will use the same script variables. | |
| 1275 They will remain valid as long as Vim is running. This can be used to | |
| 1276 maintain a counter: > | |
| 1277 | |
| 1278 if !exists("s:counter") | |
| 1279 let s:counter = 1 | |
| 1280 echo "script executed for the first time" | |
| 1281 else | |
| 1282 let s:counter = s:counter + 1 | |
| 1283 echo "script executed " . s:counter . " times now" | |
| 1284 endif | |
| 1285 | |
| 1286 Note that this means that filetype plugins don't get a different set of script | |
| 1287 variables for each buffer. Use local buffer variables instead |b:var|. | |
| 1288 | |
| 1289 | |
| 4358 | 1290 Predefined Vim variables: *vim-variable* *v:var* *v:* |
| 7 | 1291 |
| 189 | 1292 *v:beval_col* *beval_col-variable* |
| 1293 v:beval_col The number of the column, over which the mouse pointer is. | |
| 1294 This is the byte index in the |v:beval_lnum| line. | |
| 1295 Only valid while evaluating the 'balloonexpr' option. | |
| 1296 | |
| 1297 *v:beval_bufnr* *beval_bufnr-variable* | |
| 1298 v:beval_bufnr The number of the buffer, over which the mouse pointer is. Only | |
| 1299 valid while evaluating the 'balloonexpr' option. | |
| 1300 | |
| 1301 *v:beval_lnum* *beval_lnum-variable* | |
| 1302 v:beval_lnum The number of the line, over which the mouse pointer is. Only | |
| 1303 valid while evaluating the 'balloonexpr' option. | |
| 1304 | |
| 1305 *v:beval_text* *beval_text-variable* | |
| 374 | 1306 v:beval_text The text under or after the mouse pointer. Usually a word as |
| 1307 it is useful for debugging a C program. 'iskeyword' applies, | |
| 1308 but a dot and "->" before the position is included. When on a | |
| 1309 ']' the text before it is used, including the matching '[' and | |
| 189 | 1310 word before it. When on a Visual area within one line the |
| 1311 highlighted text is used. | |
| 1312 Only valid while evaluating the 'balloonexpr' option. | |
| 1313 | |
| 1314 *v:beval_winnr* *beval_winnr-variable* | |
| 1315 v:beval_winnr The number of the window, over which the mouse pointer is. Only | |
| 2709 | 1316 valid while evaluating the 'balloonexpr' option. The first |
| 1317 window has number zero (unlike most other places where a | |
| 1318 window gets a number). | |
| 189 | 1319 |
| 844 | 1320 *v:char* *char-variable* |
|
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1322 character when using <expr> in an abbreviation |:map-<expr>|. |
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1323 It is also used by the |InsertCharPre| and |InsertEnter| events. |
| 844 | 1324 |
| 7 | 1325 *v:charconvert_from* *charconvert_from-variable* |
| 1326 v:charconvert_from | |
| 1327 The name of the character encoding of a file to be converted. | |
| 1328 Only valid while evaluating the 'charconvert' option. | |
| 1329 | |
| 1330 *v:charconvert_to* *charconvert_to-variable* | |
| 1331 v:charconvert_to | |
| 1332 The name of the character encoding of a file after conversion. | |
| 1333 Only valid while evaluating the 'charconvert' option. | |
| 1334 | |
| 1335 *v:cmdarg* *cmdarg-variable* | |
| 1336 v:cmdarg This variable is used for two purposes: | |
| 1337 1. The extra arguments given to a file read/write command. | |
| 1338 Currently these are "++enc=" and "++ff=". This variable is | |
| 1339 set before an autocommand event for a file read/write | |
| 1340 command is triggered. There is a leading space to make it | |
| 1341 possible to append this variable directly after the | |
| 1621 | 1342 read/write command. Note: The "+cmd" argument isn't |
| 7 | 1343 included here, because it will be executed anyway. |
| 1344 2. When printing a PostScript file with ":hardcopy" this is | |
| 1345 the argument for the ":hardcopy" command. This can be used | |
| 1346 in 'printexpr'. | |
| 1347 | |
| 1348 *v:cmdbang* *cmdbang-variable* | |
| 1349 v:cmdbang Set like v:cmdarg for a file read/write command. When a "!" | |
| 1350 was used the value is 1, otherwise it is 0. Note that this | |
| 1351 can only be used in autocommands. For user commands |<bang>| | |
| 1352 can be used. | |
| 1353 | |
| 6909 | 1354 *v:completed_item* *completed_item-variable* |
| 1355 v:completed_item | |
| 1356 |Dictionary| containing the |complete-items| for the most | |
| 1357 recently completed word after |CompleteDone|. The | |
| 1358 |Dictionary| is empty if the completion failed. | |
| 1359 | |
| 7 | 1360 *v:count* *count-variable* |
| 1361 v:count The count given for the last Normal mode command. Can be used | |
| 1621 | 1362 to get the count before a mapping. Read-only. Example: > |
| 7 | 1363 :map _x :<C-U>echo "the count is " . v:count<CR> |
| 1364 < Note: The <C-U> is required to remove the line range that you | |
| 1365 get when typing ':' after a count. | |
|
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1366 When there are two counts, as in "3d2w", they are multiplied, |
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1367 just like what happens in the command, "d6w" for the example. |
| 667 | 1368 Also used for evaluating the 'formatexpr' option. |
| 7 | 1369 "count" also works, for backwards compatibility. |
| 1370 | |
| 1371 *v:count1* *count1-variable* | |
| 1372 v:count1 Just like "v:count", but defaults to one when no count is | |
| 1373 used. | |
| 1374 | |
| 1375 *v:ctype* *ctype-variable* | |
| 1376 v:ctype The current locale setting for characters of the runtime | |
| 1377 environment. This allows Vim scripts to be aware of the | |
| 1378 current locale encoding. Technical: it's the value of | |
| 1379 LC_CTYPE. When not using a locale the value is "C". | |
| 1380 This variable can not be set directly, use the |:language| | |
| 1381 command. | |
| 1382 See |multi-lang|. | |
| 1383 | |
| 1384 *v:dying* *dying-variable* | |
| 1621 | 1385 v:dying Normally zero. When a deadly signal is caught it's set to |
| 7 | 1386 one. When multiple signals are caught the number increases. |
| 1387 Can be used in an autocommand to check if Vim didn't | |
| 1388 terminate normally. {only works on Unix} | |
| 1389 Example: > | |
| 1390 :au VimLeave * if v:dying | echo "\nAAAAaaaarrrggghhhh!!!\n" | endif | |
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1391 < Note: if another deadly signal is caught when v:dying is one, |
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1392 VimLeave autocommands will not be executed. |
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1393 |
| 7 | 1394 *v:errmsg* *errmsg-variable* |
| 1395 v:errmsg Last given error message. It's allowed to set this variable. | |
| 1396 Example: > | |
| 1397 :let v:errmsg = "" | |
| 1398 :silent! next | |
| 1399 :if v:errmsg != "" | |
| 1400 : ... handle error | |
| 1401 < "errmsg" also works, for backwards compatibility. | |
| 1402 | |
|
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1403 *v:errors* *errors-variable* |
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1404 v:errors Errors found by assert functions, such as |assert_true()|. |
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1405 This is a list of strings. |
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1406 The assert functions append an item when an assert fails. |
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1407 To remove old results make it empty: > |
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1408 :let v:errors = [] |
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1409 < If v:errors is set to anything but a list it is made an empty |
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1410 list by the assert function. |
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1411 |
| 7 | 1412 *v:exception* *exception-variable* |
| 1413 v:exception The value of the exception most recently caught and not | |
| 1414 finished. See also |v:throwpoint| and |throw-variables|. | |
| 1415 Example: > | |
| 1416 :try | |
| 1417 : throw "oops" | |
| 1418 :catch /.*/ | |
| 1419 : echo "caught" v:exception | |
| 1420 :endtry | |
| 1421 < Output: "caught oops". | |
| 1422 | |
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1423 *v:false* *false-variable* |
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1424 v:false A Number with value zero. Used to put "false" in JSON. See |
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1425 |json_encode()|. |
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1426 When used as a string this evaluates to "false". > |
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1427 echo v:false |
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1428 < false ~ |
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1429 |
| 179 | 1430 *v:fcs_reason* *fcs_reason-variable* |
| 1431 v:fcs_reason The reason why the |FileChangedShell| event was triggered. | |
| 1432 Can be used in an autocommand to decide what to do and/or what | |
| 1433 to set v:fcs_choice to. Possible values: | |
| 1434 deleted file no longer exists | |
| 1435 conflict file contents, mode or timestamp was | |
| 1436 changed and buffer is modified | |
| 1437 changed file contents has changed | |
| 1438 mode mode of file changed | |
| 1439 time only file timestamp changed | |
| 1440 | |
| 1441 *v:fcs_choice* *fcs_choice-variable* | |
| 1442 v:fcs_choice What should happen after a |FileChangedShell| event was | |
| 1443 triggered. Can be used in an autocommand to tell Vim what to | |
| 1444 do with the affected buffer: | |
| 1445 reload Reload the buffer (does not work if | |
| 1446 the file was deleted). | |
| 1447 ask Ask the user what to do, as if there | |
| 1448 was no autocommand. Except that when | |
| 1449 only the timestamp changed nothing | |
| 1450 will happen. | |
| 1451 <empty> Nothing, the autocommand should do | |
| 1452 everything that needs to be done. | |
| 1453 The default is empty. If another (invalid) value is used then | |
| 1454 Vim behaves like it is empty, there is no warning message. | |
| 1455 | |
| 7 | 1456 *v:fname_in* *fname_in-variable* |
| 579 | 1457 v:fname_in The name of the input file. Valid while evaluating: |
| 7 | 1458 option used for ~ |
| 1459 'charconvert' file to be converted | |
| 1460 'diffexpr' original file | |
| 1461 'patchexpr' original file | |
| 1462 'printexpr' file to be printed | |
| 593 | 1463 And set to the swap file name for |SwapExists|. |
| 7 | 1464 |
| 1465 *v:fname_out* *fname_out-variable* | |
| 1466 v:fname_out The name of the output file. Only valid while | |
| 1467 evaluating: | |
| 1468 option used for ~ | |
| 1469 'charconvert' resulting converted file (*) | |
| 1470 'diffexpr' output of diff | |
| 1471 'patchexpr' resulting patched file | |
| 1472 (*) When doing conversion for a write command (e.g., ":w | |
| 1621 | 1473 file") it will be equal to v:fname_in. When doing conversion |
| 7 | 1474 for a read command (e.g., ":e file") it will be a temporary |
| 1475 file and different from v:fname_in. | |
| 1476 | |
| 1477 *v:fname_new* *fname_new-variable* | |
| 1478 v:fname_new The name of the new version of the file. Only valid while | |
| 1479 evaluating 'diffexpr'. | |
| 1480 | |
| 1481 *v:fname_diff* *fname_diff-variable* | |
| 1482 v:fname_diff The name of the diff (patch) file. Only valid while | |
| 1483 evaluating 'patchexpr'. | |
| 1484 | |
| 1485 *v:folddashes* *folddashes-variable* | |
| 1486 v:folddashes Used for 'foldtext': dashes representing foldlevel of a closed | |
| 1487 fold. | |
| 29 | 1488 Read-only in the |sandbox|. |fold-foldtext| |
| 7 | 1489 |
| 1490 *v:foldlevel* *foldlevel-variable* | |
| 1491 v:foldlevel Used for 'foldtext': foldlevel of closed fold. | |
| 29 | 1492 Read-only in the |sandbox|. |fold-foldtext| |
| 7 | 1493 |
| 1494 *v:foldend* *foldend-variable* | |
| 1495 v:foldend Used for 'foldtext': last line of closed fold. | |
| 29 | 1496 Read-only in the |sandbox|. |fold-foldtext| |
| 7 | 1497 |
| 1498 *v:foldstart* *foldstart-variable* | |
| 1499 v:foldstart Used for 'foldtext': first line of closed fold. | |
| 29 | 1500 Read-only in the |sandbox|. |fold-foldtext| |
| 7 | 1501 |
| 5460 | 1502 *v:hlsearch* *hlsearch-variable* |
| 6413 | 1503 v:hlsearch Variable that indicates whether search highlighting is on. |
| 1504 Setting it makes sense only if 'hlsearch' is enabled which | |
| 1505 requires |+extra_search|. Setting this variable to zero acts | |
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1506 like the |:nohlsearch| command, setting it to one acts like > |
| 5460 | 1507 let &hlsearch = &hlsearch |
| 6918 | 1508 < Note that the value is restored when returning from a |
| 1509 function. |function-search-undo|. | |
| 1510 | |
| 11 | 1511 *v:insertmode* *insertmode-variable* |
| 1512 v:insertmode Used for the |InsertEnter| and |InsertChange| autocommand | |
| 1513 events. Values: | |
| 1514 i Insert mode | |
| 1515 r Replace mode | |
| 1516 v Virtual Replace mode | |
| 1517 | |
| 102 | 1518 *v:key* *key-variable* |
| 685 | 1519 v:key Key of the current item of a |Dictionary|. Only valid while |
| 102 | 1520 evaluating the expression used with |map()| and |filter()|. |
| 1521 Read-only. | |
| 1522 | |
| 7 | 1523 *v:lang* *lang-variable* |
| 1524 v:lang The current locale setting for messages of the runtime | |
| 1525 environment. This allows Vim scripts to be aware of the | |
| 1526 current language. Technical: it's the value of LC_MESSAGES. | |
| 1527 The value is system dependent. | |
| 1528 This variable can not be set directly, use the |:language| | |
| 1529 command. | |
| 1530 It can be different from |v:ctype| when messages are desired | |
| 1531 in a different language than what is used for character | |
| 1532 encoding. See |multi-lang|. | |
| 1533 | |
| 1534 *v:lc_time* *lc_time-variable* | |
| 1535 v:lc_time The current locale setting for time messages of the runtime | |
| 1536 environment. This allows Vim scripts to be aware of the | |
| 1537 current language. Technical: it's the value of LC_TIME. | |
| 1538 This variable can not be set directly, use the |:language| | |
| 1539 command. See |multi-lang|. | |
| 1540 | |
| 1541 *v:lnum* *lnum-variable* | |
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1542 v:lnum Line number for the 'foldexpr' |fold-expr|, 'formatexpr' and |
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1543 'indentexpr' expressions, tab page number for 'guitablabel' |
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1544 and 'guitabtooltip'. Only valid while one of these |
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1545 expressions is being evaluated. Read-only when in the |
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1546 |sandbox|. |
| 7 | 1547 |
| 1029 | 1548 *v:mouse_win* *mouse_win-variable* |
| 1549 v:mouse_win Window number for a mouse click obtained with |getchar()|. | |
| 1550 First window has number 1, like with |winnr()|. The value is | |
| 1551 zero when there was no mouse button click. | |
| 1552 | |
| 1553 *v:mouse_lnum* *mouse_lnum-variable* | |
| 1554 v:mouse_lnum Line number for a mouse click obtained with |getchar()|. | |
| 1555 This is the text line number, not the screen line number. The | |
| 1556 value is zero when there was no mouse button click. | |
| 1557 | |
| 1558 *v:mouse_col* *mouse_col-variable* | |
| 1559 v:mouse_col Column number for a mouse click obtained with |getchar()|. | |
| 1560 This is the screen column number, like with |virtcol()|. The | |
| 1561 value is zero when there was no mouse button click. | |
| 1562 | |
|
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1563 *v:none* *none-variable* |
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1564 v:none An empty String. Used to put an empty item in JSON. See |
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1565 |json_encode()|. |
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1566 When used as a number this evaluates to zero. |
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1567 When used as a string this evaluates to "none". > |
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1568 echo v:none |
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1569 < none ~ |
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1570 |
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1571 *v:null* *null-variable* |
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1572 v:null An empty String. Used to put "null" in JSON. See |
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1573 |json_encode()|. |
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1574 When used as a number this evaluates to zero. |
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1575 When used as a string this evaluates to "null". > |
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1576 echo v:null |
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1577 < null ~ |
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1578 |
| 1733 | 1579 *v:oldfiles* *oldfiles-variable* |
| 1580 v:oldfiles List of file names that is loaded from the |viminfo| file on | |
| 1581 startup. These are the files that Vim remembers marks for. | |
| 1582 The length of the List is limited by the ' argument of the | |
| 1583 'viminfo' option (default is 100). | |
| 5618 | 1584 When the |viminfo| file is not used the List is empty. |
| 1733 | 1585 Also see |:oldfiles| and |c_#<|. |
| 1586 The List can be modified, but this has no effect on what is | |
| 1587 stored in the |viminfo| file later. If you use values other | |
| 1588 than String this will cause trouble. | |
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1589 {only when compiled with the |+viminfo| feature} |
| 1733 | 1590 |
| 6935 | 1591 *v:option_new* |
| 1592 v:option_new New value of the option. Valid while executing an |OptionSet| | |
| 1593 autocommand. | |
| 1594 *v:option_old* | |
| 1595 v:option_old Old value of the option. Valid while executing an |OptionSet| | |
| 1596 autocommand. | |
| 1597 *v:option_type* | |
| 1598 v:option_type Scope of the set command. Valid while executing an | |
| 1599 |OptionSet| autocommand. Can be either "global" or "local" | |
| 1490 | 1600 *v:operator* *operator-variable* |
| 1601 v:operator The last operator given in Normal mode. This is a single | |
| 1602 character except for commands starting with <g> or <z>, | |
| 1603 in which case it is two characters. Best used alongside | |
| 1604 |v:prevcount| and |v:register|. Useful if you want to cancel | |
| 1605 Operator-pending mode and then use the operator, e.g.: > | |
| 1606 :omap O <Esc>:call MyMotion(v:operator)<CR> | |
| 1607 < The value remains set until another operator is entered, thus | |
| 1608 don't expect it to be empty. | |
| 1609 v:operator is not set for |:delete|, |:yank| or other Ex | |
| 1610 commands. | |
| 1611 Read-only. | |
| 1612 | |
| 7 | 1613 *v:prevcount* *prevcount-variable* |
| 1614 v:prevcount The count given for the last but one Normal mode command. | |
| 1615 This is the v:count value of the previous command. Useful if | |
| 1490 | 1616 you want to cancel Visual or Operator-pending mode and then |
| 1617 use the count, e.g.: > | |
| 7 | 1618 :vmap % <Esc>:call MyFilter(v:prevcount)<CR> |
| 1619 < Read-only. | |
| 1620 | |
| 170 | 1621 *v:profiling* *profiling-variable* |
| 1621 | 1622 v:profiling Normally zero. Set to one after using ":profile start". |
| 170 | 1623 See |profiling|. |
| 1624 | |
| 7 | 1625 *v:progname* *progname-variable* |
| 1626 v:progname Contains the name (with path removed) with which Vim was | |
| 3492 | 1627 invoked. Allows you to do special initialisations for |view|, |
| 1628 |evim| etc., or any other name you might symlink to Vim. | |
| 7 | 1629 Read-only. |
| 1630 | |
| 5780 | 1631 *v:progpath* *progpath-variable* |
| 1632 v:progpath Contains the command with which Vim was invoked, including the | |
| 1633 path. Useful if you want to message a Vim server using a | |
| 1634 |--remote-expr|. | |
| 5782 | 1635 To get the full path use: > |
| 1636 echo exepath(v:progpath) | |
| 1637 < NOTE: This does not work when the command is a relative path | |
| 1638 and the current directory has changed. | |
| 5780 | 1639 Read-only. |
| 1640 | |
| 7 | 1641 *v:register* *register-variable* |
|
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1642 v:register The name of the register in effect for the current normal mode |
| 3492 | 1643 command (regardless of whether that command actually used a |
| 1644 register). Or for the currently executing normal mode mapping | |
| 1645 (use this in custom commands that take a register). | |
| 1646 If none is supplied it is the default register '"', unless | |
| 1647 'clipboard' contains "unnamed" or "unnamedplus", then it is | |
| 1648 '*' or '+'. | |
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1649 Also see |getreg()| and |setreg()| |
| 7 | 1650 |
| 540 | 1651 *v:scrollstart* *scrollstart-variable* |
| 1652 v:scrollstart String describing the script or function that caused the | |
| 1653 screen to scroll up. It's only set when it is empty, thus the | |
| 1654 first reason is remembered. It is set to "Unknown" for a | |
| 1655 typed command. | |
| 1656 This can be used to find out why your script causes the | |
| 1657 hit-enter prompt. | |
| 1658 | |
| 7 | 1659 *v:servername* *servername-variable* |
| 1660 v:servername The resulting registered |x11-clientserver| name if any. | |
| 1661 Read-only. | |
| 1662 | |
| 1621 | 1663 |
| 1664 v:searchforward *v:searchforward* *searchforward-variable* | |
| 1665 Search direction: 1 after a forward search, 0 after a | |
| 1666 backward search. It is reset to forward when directly setting | |
| 1667 the last search pattern, see |quote/|. | |
| 1668 Note that the value is restored when returning from a | |
| 1669 function. |function-search-undo|. | |
| 1670 Read-write. | |
| 1671 | |
| 7 | 1672 *v:shell_error* *shell_error-variable* |
| 1673 v:shell_error Result of the last shell command. When non-zero, the last | |
| 1674 shell command had an error. When zero, there was no problem. | |
| 1675 This only works when the shell returns the error code to Vim. | |
| 1676 The value -1 is often used when the command could not be | |
| 1677 executed. Read-only. | |
| 1678 Example: > | |
| 1679 :!mv foo bar | |
| 1680 :if v:shell_error | |
| 1681 : echo 'could not rename "foo" to "bar"!' | |
| 1682 :endif | |
| 1683 < "shell_error" also works, for backwards compatibility. | |
| 1684 | |
| 1685 *v:statusmsg* *statusmsg-variable* | |
| 1686 v:statusmsg Last given status message. It's allowed to set this variable. | |
| 1687 | |
| 579 | 1688 *v:swapname* *swapname-variable* |
| 1689 v:swapname Only valid when executing |SwapExists| autocommands: Name of | |
| 1690 the swap file found. Read-only. | |
| 1691 | |
| 1692 *v:swapchoice* *swapchoice-variable* | |
| 1693 v:swapchoice |SwapExists| autocommands can set this to the selected choice | |
| 1694 for handling an existing swap file: | |
| 1695 'o' Open read-only | |
| 1696 'e' Edit anyway | |
| 1697 'r' Recover | |
| 1698 'd' Delete swapfile | |
| 1699 'q' Quit | |
| 1700 'a' Abort | |
| 1621 | 1701 The value should be a single-character string. An empty value |
| 579 | 1702 results in the user being asked, as would happen when there is |
| 1703 no SwapExists autocommand. The default is empty. | |
| 1704 | |
| 590 | 1705 *v:swapcommand* *swapcommand-variable* |
| 625 | 1706 v:swapcommand Normal mode command to be executed after a file has been |
| 590 | 1707 opened. Can be used for a |SwapExists| autocommand to have |
| 1621 | 1708 another Vim open the file and jump to the right place. For |
| 590 | 1709 example, when jumping to a tag the value is ":tag tagname\r". |
| 716 | 1710 For ":edit +cmd file" the value is ":cmd\r". |
| 590 | 1711 |
| 7 | 1712 *v:termresponse* *termresponse-variable* |
| 1713 v:termresponse The escape sequence returned by the terminal for the |t_RV| | |
| 1621 | 1714 termcap entry. It is set when Vim receives an escape sequence |
| 7 | 1715 that starts with ESC [ or CSI and ends in a 'c', with only |
| 1716 digits, ';' and '.' in between. | |
| 1717 When this option is set, the TermResponse autocommand event is | |
| 1718 fired, so that you can react to the response from the | |
| 1719 terminal. | |
| 1720 The response from a new xterm is: "<Esc>[ Pp ; Pv ; Pc c". Pp | |
| 1721 is the terminal type: 0 for vt100 and 1 for vt220. Pv is the | |
| 1722 patch level (since this was introduced in patch 95, it's | |
| 1723 always 95 or bigger). Pc is always zero. | |
| 1724 {only when compiled with |+termresponse| feature} | |
| 1725 | |
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1726 *v:testing* *testing-variable* |
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1727 v:testing Must be set before using `garbagecollect_for_testing()`. |
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1728 |
| 7 | 1729 *v:this_session* *this_session-variable* |
| 1730 v:this_session Full filename of the last loaded or saved session file. See | |
| 1731 |:mksession|. It is allowed to set this variable. When no | |
| 1732 session file has been saved, this variable is empty. | |
| 1733 "this_session" also works, for backwards compatibility. | |
| 1734 | |
| 1735 *v:throwpoint* *throwpoint-variable* | |
| 1736 v:throwpoint The point where the exception most recently caught and not | |
| 1621 | 1737 finished was thrown. Not set when commands are typed. See |
| 7 | 1738 also |v:exception| and |throw-variables|. |
| 1739 Example: > | |
| 1740 :try | |
| 1741 : throw "oops" | |
| 1742 :catch /.*/ | |
| 1743 : echo "Exception from" v:throwpoint | |
| 1744 :endtry | |
| 1745 < Output: "Exception from test.vim, line 2" | |
| 1746 | |
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1747 *v:true* *true-variable* |
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1748 v:true A Number with value one. Used to put "true" in JSON. See |
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1749 |json_encode()|. |
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1750 When used as a string this evaluates to "true". > |
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1751 echo v:true |
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1752 < true ~ |
| 102 | 1753 *v:val* *val-variable* |
| 1621 | 1754 v:val Value of the current item of a |List| or |Dictionary|. Only |
| 685 | 1755 valid while evaluating the expression used with |map()| and |
| 102 | 1756 |filter()|. Read-only. |
| 1757 | |
| 7 | 1758 *v:version* *version-variable* |
| 1759 v:version Version number of Vim: Major version number times 100 plus | |
| 1760 minor version number. Version 5.0 is 500. Version 5.1 (5.01) | |
| 1761 is 501. Read-only. "version" also works, for backwards | |
| 1762 compatibility. | |
| 1763 Use |has()| to check if a certain patch was included, e.g.: > | |
| 5786 | 1764 if has("patch-7.4.123") |
| 7 | 1765 < Note that patch numbers are specific to the version, thus both |
| 1766 version 5.0 and 5.1 may have a patch 123, but these are | |
| 1767 completely different. | |
| 1768 | |
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1769 *v:vim_did_enter* *vim_did_enter-variable* |
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1770 v:vim_did_enter Zero until most of startup is done. It is set to one just |
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1771 before |VimEnter| autocommands are triggered. |
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1772 |
| 7 | 1773 *v:warningmsg* *warningmsg-variable* |
| 1774 v:warningmsg Last given warning message. It's allowed to set this variable. | |
| 1775 | |
| 2609 | 1776 *v:windowid* *windowid-variable* |
| 1777 v:windowid When any X11 based GUI is running or when running in a | |
| 1778 terminal and Vim connects to the X server (|-X|) this will be | |
| 2616 | 1779 set to the window ID. |
| 1780 When an MS-Windows GUI is running this will be set to the | |
| 1781 window handle. | |
| 1782 Otherwise the value is zero. | |
| 1783 Note: for windows inside Vim use |winnr()|. | |
| 2609 | 1784 |
| 7 | 1785 ============================================================================== |
| 1786 4. Builtin Functions *functions* | |
| 1787 | |
| 1788 See |function-list| for a list grouped by what the function is used for. | |
| 1789 | |
| 236 | 1790 (Use CTRL-] on the function name to jump to the full explanation.) |
| 7 | 1791 |
| 1792 USAGE RESULT DESCRIPTION ~ | |
| 1793 | |
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1794 abs({expr}) Float or Number absolute value of {expr} |
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1795 acos({expr}) Float arc cosine of {expr} |
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1796 add({list}, {item}) List append {item} to |List| {list} |
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1797 alloc_fail({id}, {countdown}, {repeat}) |
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1798 none make memory allocation fail |
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1799 and({expr}, {expr}) Number bitwise AND |
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1800 append({lnum}, {string}) Number append {string} below line {lnum} |
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1801 append({lnum}, {list}) Number append lines {list} below line {lnum} |
| 7 | 1802 argc() Number number of files in the argument list |
| 55 | 1803 argidx() Number current index in the argument list |
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1804 arglistid([{winnr} [, {tabnr}]]) Number argument list id |
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1805 argv({nr}) String {nr} entry of the argument list |
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1806 argv() List the argument list |
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1807 assert_equal({exp}, {act} [, {msg}]) none assert {exp} is equal to {act} |
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1808 assert_exception({error} [, {msg}]) none assert {error} is in v:exception |
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1809 assert_fails({cmd} [, {error}]) none assert {cmd} fails |
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1810 assert_false({actual} [, {msg}]) none assert {actual} is false |
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1811 assert_match({pat}, {text} [, {msg}]) none assert {pat} matches {text} |
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1812 assert_notequal({exp}, {act} [, {msg}]) none assert {exp} is not equal {act} |
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1813 assert_notmatch({pat}, {text} [, {msg}]) none assert {pat} not matches {text} |
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1814 assert_true({actual} [, {msg}]) none assert {actual} is true |
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1815 asin({expr}) Float arc sine of {expr} |
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1816 atan({expr}) Float arc tangent of {expr} |
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1817 atan2({expr}, {expr}) Float arc tangent of {expr1} / {expr2} |
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1818 browse({save}, {title}, {initdir}, {default}) |
| 7 | 1819 String put up a file requester |
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1820 browsedir({title}, {initdir}) String put up a directory requester |
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1821 bufexists({expr}) Number TRUE if buffer {expr} exists |
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1822 buflisted({expr}) Number TRUE if buffer {expr} is listed |
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1823 bufloaded({expr}) Number TRUE if buffer {expr} is loaded |
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1824 bufname({expr}) String Name of the buffer {expr} |
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1825 bufnr({expr} [, {create}]) Number Number of the buffer {expr} |
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1826 bufwinnr({expr}) Number window number of buffer {expr} |
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1827 byte2line({byte}) Number line number at byte count {byte} |
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1828 byteidx({expr}, {nr}) Number byte index of {nr}'th char in {expr} |
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1829 byteidxcomp({expr}, {nr}) Number byte index of {nr}'th char in {expr} |
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1830 call({func}, {arglist} [, {dict}]) |
| 102 | 1831 any call {func} with arguments {arglist} |
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1832 ceil({expr}) Float round {expr} up |
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1833 ch_close({handle}) none close {handle} |
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1834 ch_evalexpr({handle}, {expr} [, {options}]) |
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1835 any evaluate {expr} on JSON {handle} |
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1836 ch_evalraw({handle}, {string} [, {options}]) |
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1837 any evaluate {string} on raw {handle} |
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1838 ch_getbufnr({handle}, {what}) Number get buffer number for {handle}/{what} |
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1839 ch_getjob({channel}) Job get the Job of {channel} |
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1840 ch_info({handle}) String info about channel {handle} |
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1841 ch_log({msg} [, {handle}]) none write {msg} in the channel log file |
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1842 ch_logfile({fname} [, {mode}]) none start logging channel activity |
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1843 ch_open({address} [, {options}]) |
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1844 Channel open a channel to {address} |
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1845 ch_read({handle} [, {options}]) String read from {handle} |
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1846 ch_readraw({handle} [, {options}]) |
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1847 String read raw from {handle} |
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1848 ch_sendexpr({handle}, {expr} [, {options}]) |
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1849 any send {expr} over JSON {handle} |
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1850 ch_sendraw({handle}, {string} [, {options}]) |
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1851 any send {string} over raw {handle} |
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1852 ch_setoptions({handle}, {options}) |
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1853 none set options for {handle} |
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1854 ch_status({handle}) String status of channel {handle} |
| 1621 | 1855 changenr() Number current change number |
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1856 char2nr({expr}[, {utf8}]) Number ASCII/UTF8 value of first char in {expr} |
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1857 cindent({lnum}) Number C indent for line {lnum} |
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1858 clearmatches() none clear all matches |
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1859 col({expr}) Number column nr of cursor or mark |
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1860 complete({startcol}, {matches}) none set Insert mode completion |
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1861 complete_add({expr}) Number add completion match |
| 1621 | 1862 complete_check() Number check for key typed during completion |
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1863 confirm({msg} [, {choices} [, {default} [, {type}]]]) |
| 7 | 1864 Number number of choice picked by user |
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1865 copy({expr}) any make a shallow copy of {expr} |
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1866 cos({expr}) Float cosine of {expr} |
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1867 cosh({expr}) Float hyperbolic cosine of {expr} |
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1868 count({list}, {expr} [, {ic} [, {start}]]) |
| 95 | 1869 Number count how many {expr} are in {list} |
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1870 cscope_connection([{num} , {dbpath} [, {prepend}]]) |
| 7 | 1871 Number checks existence of cscope connection |
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1872 cursor({lnum}, {col} [, {off}]) |
| 6385 | 1873 Number move cursor to {lnum}, {col}, {off} |
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1874 cursor({list}) Number move cursor to position in {list} |
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1875 deepcopy({expr} [, {noref}]) any make a full copy of {expr} |
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1876 delete({fname} [, {flags}]) Number delete the file or directory {fname} |
| 7 | 1877 did_filetype() Number TRUE if FileType autocommand event used |
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1878 diff_filler({lnum}) Number diff filler lines about {lnum} |
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1879 diff_hlID({lnum}, {col}) Number diff highlighting at {lnum}/{col} |
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1880 disable_char_avail_for_testing({expr}) |
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1881 none test without typeahead |
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1882 empty({expr}) Number TRUE if {expr} is empty |
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1883 escape({string}, {chars}) String escape {chars} in {string} with '\' |
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1884 eval({string}) any evaluate {string} into its value |
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1885 eventhandler() Number TRUE if inside an event handler |
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1886 executable({expr}) Number 1 if executable {expr} exists |
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1887 exepath({expr}) String full path of the command {expr} |
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1888 exists({expr}) Number TRUE if {expr} exists |
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1889 extend({expr1}, {expr2} [, {expr3}]) |
| 824 | 1890 List/Dict insert items of {expr2} into {expr1} |
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1891 exp({expr}) Float exponential of {expr} |
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1892 expand({expr} [, {nosuf} [, {list}]]) |
| 3398 | 1893 any expand special keywords in {expr} |
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1894 feedkeys({string} [, {mode}]) Number add key sequence to typeahead buffer |
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1895 filereadable({file}) Number TRUE if {file} is a readable file |
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1896 filewritable({file}) Number TRUE if {file} is a writable file |
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1897 filter({expr}, {string}) List/Dict remove items from {expr} where |
| 102 | 1898 {string} is 0 |
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1899 finddir({name}[, {path}[, {count}]]) |
| 824 | 1900 String find directory {name} in {path} |
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1901 findfile({name}[, {path}[, {count}]]) |
| 824 | 1902 String find file {name} in {path} |
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1903 float2nr({expr}) Number convert Float {expr} to a Number |
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1904 floor({expr}) Float round {expr} down |
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1905 fmod({expr1}, {expr2}) Float remainder of {expr1} / {expr2} |
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1906 fnameescape({fname}) String escape special characters in {fname} |
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1907 fnamemodify({fname}, {mods}) String modify file name |
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1908 foldclosed({lnum}) Number first line of fold at {lnum} if closed |
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1909 foldclosedend({lnum}) Number last line of fold at {lnum} if closed |
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1910 foldlevel({lnum}) Number fold level at {lnum} |
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1911 foldtext() String line displayed for closed fold |
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1912 foldtextresult({lnum}) String text for closed fold at {lnum} |
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1913 foreground() Number bring the Vim window to the foreground |
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1914 function({name} [, {arglist}] [, {dict}]) |
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1915 Funcref reference to function {name} |
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1916 garbagecollect([{atexit}]) none free memory, breaking cyclic references |
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1917 garbagecollect_for_testing() none free memory right now |
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1918 get({list}, {idx} [, {def}]) any get item {idx} from {list} or {def} |
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1919 get({dict}, {key} [, {def}]) any get item {key} from {dict} or {def} |
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1920 getbufline({expr}, {lnum} [, {end}]) |
| 435 | 1921 List lines {lnum} to {end} of buffer {expr} |
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1922 getbufvar({expr}, {varname} [, {def}]) |
| 4157 | 1923 any variable {varname} in buffer {expr} |
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1924 getchar([expr]) Number get one character from the user |
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1925 getcharmod() Number modifiers for the last typed character |
| 7013 | 1926 getcharsearch() Dict last character search |
| 7 | 1927 getcmdline() String return the current command-line |
| 1928 getcmdpos() Number return cursor position in command-line | |
| 6153 | 1929 getcmdtype() String return current command-line type |
| 1930 getcmdwintype() String return current command-line window type | |
| 5944 | 1931 getcurpos() List position of the cursor |
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1932 getcwd([{winnr} [, {tabnr}]]) String get the current working directory |
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1933 getfontname([{name}]) String name of font being used |
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1934 getfperm({fname}) String file permissions of file {fname} |
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1935 getfsize({fname}) Number size in bytes of file {fname} |
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1936 getftime({fname}) Number last modification time of file |
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1937 getftype({fname}) String description of type of file {fname} |
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1938 getline({lnum}) String line {lnum} of current buffer |
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1939 getline({lnum}, {end}) List lines {lnum} to {end} of current buffer |
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1940 getloclist({nr}) List list of location list items |
| 1326 | 1941 getmatches() List list of current matches |
| 1548 | 1942 getpid() Number process ID of Vim |
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1943 getpos({expr}) List position of cursor, mark, etc. |
| 230 | 1944 getqflist() List list of quickfix items |
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1945 getreg([{regname} [, 1 [, {list}]]]) |
| 5796 | 1946 String or List contents of register |
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1947 getregtype([{regname}]) String type of register |
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1948 gettabvar({nr}, {varname} [, {def}]) |
| 4157 | 1949 any variable {varname} in tab {nr} or {def} |
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1950 gettabwinvar({tabnr}, {winnr}, {name} [, {def}]) |
| 831 | 1951 any {name} in {winnr} in tab page {tabnr} |
| 7 | 1952 getwinposx() Number X coord in pixels of GUI Vim window |
| 1953 getwinposy() Number Y coord in pixels of GUI Vim window | |
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1954 getwinvar({nr}, {varname} [, {def}]) |
| 4157 | 1955 any variable {varname} in window {nr} |
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1956 glob({expr} [, {nosuf} [, {list} [, {alllinks}]]]) |
| 3398 | 1957 any expand file wildcards in {expr} |
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1958 glob2regpat({expr}) String convert a glob pat into a search pat |
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1959 globpath({path}, {expr} [, {nosuf} [, {list} [, {alllinks}]]]) |
| 1754 | 1960 String do glob({expr}) for all dirs in {path} |
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1961 has({feature}) Number TRUE if feature {feature} supported |
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1962 has_key({dict}, {key}) Number TRUE if {dict} has entry {key} |
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1963 haslocaldir([{winnr} [, {tabnr}]]) |
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1964 Number TRUE if the window executed |:lcd| |
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1965 hasmapto({what} [, {mode} [, {abbr}]]) |
| 782 | 1966 Number TRUE if mapping to {what} exists |
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1967 histadd({history}, {item}) String add an item to a history |
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1968 histdel({history} [, {item}]) String remove an item from a history |
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1969 histget({history} [, {index}]) String get the item {index} from a history |
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1970 histnr({history}) Number highest index of a history |
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1971 hlexists({name}) Number TRUE if highlight group {name} exists |
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1972 hlID({name}) Number syntax ID of highlight group {name} |
| 7 | 1973 hostname() String name of the machine Vim is running on |
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1974 iconv({expr}, {from}, {to}) String convert encoding of {expr} |
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1975 indent({lnum}) Number indent of line {lnum} |
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1976 index({list}, {expr} [, {start} [, {ic}]]) |
| 95 | 1977 Number index in {list} where {expr} appears |
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1978 input({prompt} [, {text} [, {completion}]]) |
| 531 | 1979 String get input from the user |
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1980 inputdialog({prompt} [, {text} [, {completion}]]]) |
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1981 String like input() but in a GUI dialog |
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1982 inputlist({textlist}) Number let the user pick from a choice list |
| 55 | 1983 inputrestore() Number restore typeahead |
| 1984 inputsave() Number save and clear typeahead | |
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1985 inputsecret({prompt} [, {text}]) String like input() but hiding the text |
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1986 insert({list}, {item} [, {idx}]) List insert {item} in {list} [before {idx}] |
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1987 invert({expr}) Number bitwise invert |
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1988 isdirectory({directory}) Number TRUE if {directory} is a directory |
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1989 islocked({expr}) Number TRUE if {expr} is locked |
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1990 isnan({expr}) Number TRUE if {expr} is NaN |
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1991 items({dict}) List key-value pairs in {dict} |
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1992 job_getchannel({job}) Channel get the channel handle for {job} |
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1993 job_info({job}) Dict get information about {job} |
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1994 job_setoptions({job}, {options}) none set options for {job} |
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1995 job_start({command} [, {options}]) |
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1996 Job start a job |
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1997 job_status({job}) String get the status of {job} |
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1998 job_stop({job} [, {how}]) Number stop {job} |
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1999 join({list} [, {sep}]) String join {list} items into one String |
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2000 js_decode({string}) any decode JS style JSON |
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2001 js_encode({expr}) String encode JS style JSON |
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2002 json_decode({string}) any decode JSON |
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2003 json_encode({expr}) String encode JSON |
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2004 keys({dict}) List keys in {dict} |
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2005 len({expr}) Number the length of {expr} |
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2006 libcall({lib}, {func}, {arg}) String call {func} in library {lib} with {arg} |
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2007 libcallnr({lib}, {func}, {arg}) Number idem, but return a Number |
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2008 line({expr}) Number line nr of cursor, last line or mark |
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2009 line2byte({lnum}) Number byte count of line {lnum} |
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2010 lispindent({lnum}) Number Lisp indent for line {lnum} |
| 7 | 2011 localtime() Number current time |
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2012 log({expr}) Float natural logarithm (base e) of {expr} |
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2013 log10({expr}) Float logarithm of Float {expr} to base 10 |
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2014 luaeval({expr}[, {expr}]) any evaluate |Lua| expression |
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2015 map({expr}, {string}) List/Dict change each item in {expr} to {expr} |
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2016 maparg({name}[, {mode} [, {abbr} [, {dict}]]]) |
| 3224 | 2017 String or Dict |
| 2018 rhs of mapping {name} in mode {mode} | |
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2019 mapcheck({name}[, {mode} [, {abbr}]]) |
| 782 | 2020 String check for mappings matching {name} |
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2021 match({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) |
| 7 | 2022 Number position where {pat} matches in {expr} |
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2023 matchadd({group}, {pattern}[, {priority}[, {id} [, {dict}]]]) |
| 1326 | 2024 Number highlight {pattern} with {group} |
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2025 matchaddpos({group}, {pos}[, {priority}[, {id}[, {dict}]]]) |
| 5979 | 2026 Number highlight positions with {group} |
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2027 matcharg({nr}) List arguments of |:match| |
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2028 matchdelete({id}) Number delete match identified by {id} |
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2029 matchend({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) |
| 7 | 2030 Number position where {pat} ends in {expr} |
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2031 matchlist({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) |
| 158 | 2032 List match and submatches of {pat} in {expr} |
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2033 matchstr({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) |
| 19 | 2034 String {count}'th match of {pat} in {expr} |
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2035 matchstrpos({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) |
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2036 List {count}'th match of {pat} in {expr} |
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2037 max({list}) Number maximum value of items in {list} |
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2038 min({list}) Number minimum value of items in {list} |
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2039 mkdir({name} [, {path} [, {prot}]]) |
| 168 | 2040 Number create directory {name} |
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2041 mode([expr]) String current editing mode |
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2042 mzeval({expr}) any evaluate |MzScheme| expression |
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2043 nextnonblank({lnum}) Number line nr of non-blank line >= {lnum} |
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2044 nr2char({expr}[, {utf8}]) String single char with ASCII/UTF8 value {expr} |
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2045 or({expr}, {expr}) Number bitwise OR |
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2046 pathshorten({expr}) String shorten directory names in a path |
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2047 perleval({expr}) any evaluate |Perl| expression |
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2048 pow({x}, {y}) Float {x} to the power of {y} |
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2049 prevnonblank({lnum}) Number line nr of non-blank line <= {lnum} |
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2050 printf({fmt}, {expr1}...) String format text |
| 1621 | 2051 pumvisible() Number whether popup menu is visible |
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2052 pyeval({expr}) any evaluate |Python| expression |
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2053 py3eval({expr}) any evaluate |python3| expression |
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2054 range({expr} [, {max} [, {stride}]]) |
| 99 | 2055 List items from {expr} to {max} |
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2056 readfile({fname} [, {binary} [, {max}]]) |
| 168 | 2057 List get list of lines from file {fname} |
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2058 reltime([{start} [, {end}]]) List get time value |
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2059 reltimefloat({time}) Float turn the time value into a Float |
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2060 reltimestr({time}) String turn time value into a String |
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2061 remote_expr({server}, {string} [, {idvar}]) |
| 7 | 2062 String send expression |
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2063 remote_foreground({server}) Number bring Vim server to the foreground |
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2064 remote_peek({serverid} [, {retvar}]) |
| 7 | 2065 Number check for reply string |
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2066 remote_read({serverid}) String read reply string |
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2067 remote_send({server}, {string} [, {idvar}]) |
| 7 | 2068 String send key sequence |
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2069 remove({list}, {idx} [, {end}]) any remove items {idx}-{end} from {list} |
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2070 remove({dict}, {key}) any remove entry {key} from {dict} |
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2071 rename({from}, {to}) Number rename (move) file from {from} to {to} |
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2072 repeat({expr}, {count}) String repeat {expr} {count} times |
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2073 resolve({filename}) String get filename a shortcut points to |
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2074 reverse({list}) List reverse {list} in-place |
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2075 round({expr}) Float round off {expr} |
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2076 screenattr({row}, {col}) Number attribute at screen position |
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2077 screenchar({row}, {col}) Number character at screen position |
| 3986 | 2078 screencol() Number current cursor column |
| 2079 screenrow() Number current cursor row | |
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2080 search({pattern} [, {flags} [, {stopline} [, {timeout}]]]) |
| 1496 | 2081 Number search for {pattern} |
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2082 searchdecl({name} [, {global} [, {thisblock}]]) |
| 1621 | 2083 Number search for variable declaration |
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2084 searchpair({start}, {middle}, {end} [, {flags} [, {skip} [...]]]) |
| 55 | 2085 Number search for other end of start/end pair |
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2086 searchpairpos({start}, {middle}, {end} [, {flags} [, {skip} [...]]]) |
| 667 | 2087 List search for other end of start/end pair |
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2088 searchpos({pattern} [, {flags} [, {stopline} [, {timeout}]]]) |
| 667 | 2089 List search for {pattern} |
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2090 server2client({clientid}, {string}) |
| 7 | 2091 Number send reply string |
| 2092 serverlist() String get a list of available servers | |
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2093 setbufvar({expr}, {varname}, {val}) |
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2094 none set {varname} in buffer {expr} to {val} |
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2095 setcharsearch({dict}) Dict set character search from {dict} |
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2096 setcmdpos({pos}) Number set cursor position in command-line |
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2097 setfperm({fname}, {mode}) Number set {fname} file permissions to {mode} |
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2098 setline({lnum}, {line}) Number set line {lnum} to {line} |
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2099 setloclist({nr}, {list}[, {action}]) |
| 647 | 2100 Number modify location list using {list} |
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2101 setmatches({list}) Number restore a list of matches |
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2102 setpos({expr}, {list}) Number set the {expr} position to {list} |
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2103 setqflist({list}[, {action}]) Number modify quickfix list using {list} |
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2104 setreg({n}, {v}[, {opt}]) Number set register to value and type |
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2105 settabvar({nr}, {varname}, {val}) none set {varname} in tab page {nr} to {val} |
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2106 settabwinvar({tabnr}, {winnr}, {varname}, {val}) |
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2107 none set {varname} in window {winnr} in tab |
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2108 page {tabnr} to {val} |
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2109 setwinvar({nr}, {varname}, {val}) none set {varname} in window {nr} to {val} |
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2110 sha256({string}) String SHA256 checksum of {string} |
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2111 shellescape({string} [, {special}]) |
| 1661 | 2112 String escape {string} for use as shell |
| 985 | 2113 command argument |
| 3875 | 2114 shiftwidth() Number effective value of 'shiftwidth' |
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2115 simplify({filename}) String simplify filename as much as possible |
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2116 sin({expr}) Float sine of {expr} |
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2117 sinh({expr}) Float hyperbolic sine of {expr} |
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2118 sort({list} [, {func} [, {dict}]]) |
| 2902 | 2119 List sort {list}, using {func} to compare |
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2120 soundfold({word}) String sound-fold {word} |
| 344 | 2121 spellbadword() String badly spelled word at cursor |
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2122 spellsuggest({word} [, {max} [, {capital}]]) |
| 537 | 2123 List spelling suggestions |
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2124 split({expr} [, {pat} [, {keepempty}]]) |
| 685 | 2125 List make |List| from {pat} separated {expr} |
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2126 sqrt({expr}) Float square root of {expr} |
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2127 str2float({expr}) Float convert String to Float |
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2128 str2nr({expr} [, {base}]) Number convert String to Number |
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2129 strchars({expr} [, {skipcc}]) Number character length of the String {expr} |
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2130 strdisplaywidth({expr} [, {col}]) Number display length of the String {expr} |
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2131 strftime({format}[, {time}]) String time in specified format |
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2132 stridx({haystack}, {needle}[, {start}]) |
| 133 | 2133 Number index of {needle} in {haystack} |
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2134 string({expr}) String String representation of {expr} value |
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2135 strlen({expr}) Number length of the String {expr} |
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2136 strpart({src}, {start}[, {len}]) |
| 7 | 2137 String {len} characters of {src} at {start} |
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2138 strridx({haystack}, {needle} [, {start}]) |
| 140 | 2139 Number last index of {needle} in {haystack} |
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2140 strtrans({expr}) String translate string to make it printable |
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2141 strwidth({expr}) Number display cell length of the String {expr} |
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2142 submatch({nr}[, {list}]) String or List |
| 5794 | 2143 specific match in ":s" or substitute() |
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2144 substitute({expr}, {pat}, {sub}, {flags}) |
| 7 | 2145 String all {pat} in {expr} replaced with {sub} |
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2146 synID({lnum}, {col}, {trans}) Number syntax ID at {lnum} and {col} |
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2147 synIDattr({synID}, {what} [, {mode}]) |
| 7 | 2148 String attribute {what} of syntax ID {synID} |
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2149 synIDtrans({synID}) Number translated syntax ID of {synID} |
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2150 synconcealed({lnum}, {col}) List info about concealing |
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2151 synstack({lnum}, {col}) List stack of syntax IDs at {lnum} and {col} |
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2152 system({expr} [, {input}]) String output of shell command/filter {expr} |
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2153 systemlist({expr} [, {input}]) List output of shell command/filter {expr} |
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2154 tabpagebuflist([{arg}]) List list of buffer numbers in tab page |
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2155 tabpagenr([{arg}]) Number number of current or last tab page |
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2156 tabpagewinnr({tabarg}[, {arg}]) Number number of current window in tab page |
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2157 taglist({expr}) List list of tags matching {expr} |
| 1621 | 2158 tagfiles() List tags files used |
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2159 tan({expr}) Float tangent of {expr} |
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2160 tanh({expr}) Float hyperbolic tangent of {expr} |
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2161 tempname() String name for a temporary file |
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2162 timer_start({time}, {callback} [, {options}]) |
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2163 Number create a timer |
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2164 timer_stop({timer}) none stop a timer |
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2165 tolower({expr}) String the String {expr} switched to lowercase |
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2166 toupper({expr}) String the String {expr} switched to uppercase |
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2167 tr({src}, {fromstr}, {tostr}) String translate chars of {src} in {fromstr} |
| 15 | 2168 to chars in {tostr} |
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2169 trunc({expr}) Float truncate Float {expr} |
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2170 type({name}) Number type of variable {name} |
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2171 undofile({name}) String undo file name for {name} |
|
2280
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2172 undotree() List undo file tree |
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2173 uniq({list} [, {func} [, {dict}]]) |
| 5747 | 2174 List remove adjacent duplicates from a list |
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2175 values({dict}) List values in {dict} |
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2176 virtcol({expr}) Number screen column of cursor or mark |
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2177 visualmode([expr]) String last visual mode used |
| 4151 | 2178 wildmenumode() Number whether 'wildmenu' mode is active |
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2179 win_findbuf({bufnr}) List find windows containing {bufnr} |
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2180 win_getid([{win} [, {tab}]]) Number get window ID for {win} in {tab} |
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2181 win_gotoid({expr}) Number go to window with ID {expr} |
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2182 win_id2tabwin({expr}) List get tab and window nr from window ID |
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2183 win_id2win({expr}) Number get window nr from window ID |
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2184 winbufnr({nr}) Number buffer number of window {nr} |
| 7 | 2185 wincol() Number window column of the cursor |
|
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2186 winheight({nr}) Number height of window {nr} |
| 7 | 2187 winline() Number window line of the cursor |
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2188 winnr([{expr}]) Number number of current window |
| 55 | 2189 winrestcmd() String returns command to restore window sizes |
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2190 winrestview({dict}) none restore view of current window |
| 712 | 2191 winsaveview() Dict save view of current window |
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2192 winwidth({nr}) Number width of window {nr} |
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2193 wordcount() Dict get byte/char/word statistics |
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2194 writefile({list}, {fname} [, {flags}]) |
| 158 | 2195 Number write list of lines to file {fname} |
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2196 xor({expr}, {expr}) Number bitwise XOR |
| 7 | 2197 |
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2198 |
| 1621 | 2199 abs({expr}) *abs()* |
| 2200 Return the absolute value of {expr}. When {expr} evaluates to | |
| 2201 a |Float| abs() returns a |Float|. When {expr} can be | |
| 2202 converted to a |Number| abs() returns a |Number|. Otherwise | |
| 2203 abs() gives an error message and returns -1. | |
| 2204 Examples: > | |
| 2205 echo abs(1.456) | |
| 2206 < 1.456 > | |
| 2207 echo abs(-5.456) | |
| 2208 < 5.456 > | |
| 2209 echo abs(-4) | |
| 2210 < 4 | |
| 2211 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 2212 | |
|
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2213 |
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2214 acos({expr}) *acos()* |
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2215 Return the arc cosine of {expr} measured in radians, as a |
|
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2216 |Float| in the range of [0, pi]. |
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2217 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number| in the range |
|
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2218 [-1, 1]. |
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2219 Examples: > |
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2220 :echo acos(0) |
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2221 < 1.570796 > |
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2222 :echo acos(-0.5) |
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2223 < 2.094395 |
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2224 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
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2225 |
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2226 |
| 82 | 2227 add({list}, {expr}) *add()* |
| 685 | 2228 Append the item {expr} to |List| {list}. Returns the |
| 2229 resulting |List|. Examples: > | |
| 82 | 2230 :let alist = add([1, 2, 3], item) |
| 2231 :call add(mylist, "woodstock") | |
| 685 | 2232 < Note that when {expr} is a |List| it is appended as a single |
| 692 | 2233 item. Use |extend()| to concatenate |Lists|. |
| 85 | 2234 Use |insert()| to add an item at another position. |
| 55 | 2235 |
| 82 | 2236 |
|
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2237 alloc_fail({id}, {countdown}, {repeat}) *alloc_fail()* |
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2238 This is for testing: If the memory allocation with {id} is |
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2239 called, then decrement {countdown}, and when it reaches zero |
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2240 let memory allocation fail {repeat} times. When {repeat} is |
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2241 smaller than one it fails one time. |
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2242 |
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2243 |
| 3214 | 2244 and({expr}, {expr}) *and()* |
| 2245 Bitwise AND on the two arguments. The arguments are converted | |
| 2246 to a number. A List, Dict or Float argument causes an error. | |
| 2247 Example: > | |
| 2248 :let flag = and(bits, 0x80) | |
| 2249 | |
| 2250 | |
| 82 | 2251 append({lnum}, {expr}) *append()* |
| 685 | 2252 When {expr} is a |List|: Append each item of the |List| as a |
| 2253 text line below line {lnum} in the current buffer. | |
| 153 | 2254 Otherwise append {expr} as one text line below line {lnum} in |
| 2255 the current buffer. | |
| 2256 {lnum} can be zero to insert a line before the first one. | |
| 82 | 2257 Returns 1 for failure ({lnum} out of range or out of memory), |
| 1621 | 2258 0 for success. Example: > |
| 55 | 2259 :let failed = append(line('$'), "# THE END") |
| 82 | 2260 :let failed = append(0, ["Chapter 1", "the beginning"]) |
| 55 | 2261 < |
| 7 | 2262 *argc()* |
| 2263 argc() The result is the number of files in the argument list of the | |
| 2264 current window. See |arglist|. | |
| 2265 | |
| 2266 *argidx()* | |
| 2267 argidx() The result is the current index in the argument list. 0 is | |
| 2268 the first file. argc() - 1 is the last one. See |arglist|. | |
| 2269 | |
| 5942 | 2270 *arglistid()* |
|
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2271 arglistid([{winnr} [, {tabnr}]]) |
| 5942 | 2272 Return the argument list ID. This is a number which |
| 2273 identifies the argument list being used. Zero is used for the | |
| 6153 | 2274 global argument list. See |arglist|. |
| 2275 Return -1 if the arguments are invalid. | |
| 5942 | 2276 |
| 2277 Without arguments use the current window. | |
| 2278 With {winnr} only use this window in the current tab page. | |
| 2279 With {winnr} and {tabnr} use the window in the specified tab | |
| 2280 page. | |
| 2281 | |
| 7 | 2282 *argv()* |
| 818 | 2283 argv([{nr}]) The result is the {nr}th file in the argument list of the |
| 7 | 2284 current window. See |arglist|. "argv(0)" is the first one. |
| 2285 Example: > | |
| 2286 :let i = 0 | |
| 2287 :while i < argc() | |
| 1621 | 2288 : let f = escape(fnameescape(argv(i)), '.') |
| 7 | 2289 : exe 'amenu Arg.' . f . ' :e ' . f . '<CR>' |
| 2290 : let i = i + 1 | |
| 2291 :endwhile | |
| 818 | 2292 < Without the {nr} argument a |List| with the whole |arglist| is |
| 2293 returned. | |
| 2294 | |
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2295 *assert_equal()* |
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2296 assert_equal({expected}, {actual} [, {msg}]) |
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2297 When {expected} and {actual} are not equal an error message is |
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2298 added to |v:errors|. |
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2299 There is no automatic conversion, the String "4" is different |
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2300 from the Number 4. And the number 4 is different from the |
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2301 Float 4.0. The value of 'ignorecase' is not used here, case |
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2302 always matters. |
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2303 When {msg} is omitted an error in the form "Expected |
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2304 {expected} but got {actual}" is produced. |
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2305 Example: > |
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2306 assert_equal('foo', 'bar') |
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2307 < Will result in a string to be added to |v:errors|: |
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2308 test.vim line 12: Expected 'foo' but got 'bar' ~ |
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2309 |
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2310 assert_exception({error} [, {msg}]) *assert_exception()* |
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2311 When v:exception does not contain the string {error} an error |
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2312 message is added to |v:errors|. |
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2313 This can be used to assert that a command throws an exception. |
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2314 Using the error number, followed by a colon, avoids problems |
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2315 with translations: > |
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2316 try |
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2317 commandthatfails |
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2318 call assert_false(1, 'command should have failed') |
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2319 catch |
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2320 call assert_exception('E492:') |
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2321 endtry |
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2322 |
|
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2323 assert_fails({cmd} [, {error}]) *assert_fails()* |
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2324 Run {cmd} and add an error message to |v:errors| if it does |
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2325 NOT produce an error. |
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2326 When {error} is given it must match |v:errmsg|. |
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2327 |
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2328 assert_false({actual} [, {msg}]) *assert_false()* |
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2329 When {actual} is not false an error message is added to |
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2330 |v:errors|, like with |assert_equal()|. |
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2331 A value is false when it is zero. When {actual} is not a |
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2332 number the assert fails. |
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2333 When {msg} is omitted an error in the form "Expected False but |
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2334 got {actual}" is produced. |
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2335 |
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2336 *assert_match()* |
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2337 assert_match({pattern}, {actual} [, {msg}]) |
|
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2338 When {pattern} does not match {actual} an error message is |
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|
2339 added to |v:errors|. |
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2340 |
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2341 {pattern} is used as with |=~|: The matching is always done |
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2342 like 'magic' was set and 'cpoptions' is empty, no matter what |
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2343 the actual value of 'magic' or 'cpoptions' is. |
|
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2344 |
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2345 {actual} is used as a string, automatic conversion applies. |
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2346 Use "^" and "$" to match with the start and end of the text. |
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2347 Use both to match the whole text. |
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2348 |
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2349 When {msg} is omitted an error in the form "Pattern {pattern} |
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2350 does not match {actual}" is produced. |
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2351 Example: > |
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2352 assert_match('^f.*o$', 'foobar') |
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2353 < Will result in a string to be added to |v:errors|: |
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2354 test.vim line 12: Pattern '^f.*o$' does not match 'foobar' ~ |
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2355 |
|
8831
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2356 *assert_notequal()* |
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2357 assert_notequal({expected}, {actual} [, {msg}]) |
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2358 The opposite of `assert_equal()`: add an error message to |
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2359 |v:errors| when {expected} and {actual} are equal. |
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2360 |
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2361 *assert_notmatch()* |
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2362 assert_notmatch({pattern}, {actual} [, {msg}]) |
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2363 The opposite of `assert_match()`: add an error message to |
|
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2364 |v:errors| when {pattern} matches {actual}. |
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2365 |
|
7584
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2366 assert_true({actual} [, {msg}]) *assert_true()* |
|
7277
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2367 When {actual} is not true an error message is added to |
|
7584
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2368 |v:errors|, like with |assert_equal()|. |
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2369 A value is true when it is a non-zero number. When {actual} |
|
7277
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2370 is not a number the assert fails. |
|
7279
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2371 When {msg} is omitted an error in the form "Expected True but |
|
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2372 got {actual}" is produced. |
|
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2373 |
|
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2374 asin({expr}) *asin()* |
|
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2375 Return the arc sine of {expr} measured in radians, as a |Float| |
|
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2376 in the range of [-pi/2, pi/2]. |
|
2337
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2377 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number| in the range |
|
2206
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2378 [-1, 1]. |
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2379 Examples: > |
|
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2380 :echo asin(0.8) |
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2381 < 0.927295 > |
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2382 :echo asin(-0.5) |
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2383 < -0.523599 |
|
2570
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2384 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
|
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2385 |
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2386 |
| 1621 | 2387 atan({expr}) *atan()* |
| 2388 Return the principal value of the arc tangent of {expr}, in | |
| 2389 the range [-pi/2, +pi/2] radians, as a |Float|. | |
| 2390 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 2391 Examples: > | |
| 2392 :echo atan(100) | |
| 2393 < 1.560797 > | |
| 2394 :echo atan(-4.01) | |
| 2395 < -1.326405 | |
| 2396 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 2397 | |
|
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2398 |
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2399 atan2({expr1}, {expr2}) *atan2()* |
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2400 Return the arc tangent of {expr1} / {expr2}, measured in |
|
2337
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2401 radians, as a |Float| in the range [-pi, pi]. |
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2402 {expr1} and {expr2} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. |
|
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2403 Examples: > |
|
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2404 :echo atan2(-1, 1) |
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2405 < -0.785398 > |
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2406 :echo atan2(1, -1) |
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2407 < 2.356194 |
|
2570
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2408 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
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2409 |
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2410 |
| 7 | 2411 *browse()* |
| 2412 browse({save}, {title}, {initdir}, {default}) | |
| 2413 Put up a file requester. This only works when "has("browse")" | |
| 2414 returns non-zero (only in some GUI versions). | |
| 2415 The input fields are: | |
| 2416 {save} when non-zero, select file to write | |
| 2417 {title} title for the requester | |
| 2418 {initdir} directory to start browsing in | |
| 2419 {default} default file name | |
| 2420 When the "Cancel" button is hit, something went wrong, or | |
| 2421 browsing is not possible, an empty string is returned. | |
| 2422 | |
| 29 | 2423 *browsedir()* |
| 2424 browsedir({title}, {initdir}) | |
| 2425 Put up a directory requester. This only works when | |
| 2426 "has("browse")" returns non-zero (only in some GUI versions). | |
| 2427 On systems where a directory browser is not supported a file | |
| 2428 browser is used. In that case: select a file in the directory | |
| 2429 to be used. | |
| 2430 The input fields are: | |
| 2431 {title} title for the requester | |
| 2432 {initdir} directory to start browsing in | |
| 2433 When the "Cancel" button is hit, something went wrong, or | |
| 2434 browsing is not possible, an empty string is returned. | |
| 2435 | |
| 7 | 2436 bufexists({expr}) *bufexists()* |
| 2437 The result is a Number, which is non-zero if a buffer called | |
| 2438 {expr} exists. | |
| 9 | 2439 If the {expr} argument is a number, buffer numbers are used. |
| 7 | 2440 If the {expr} argument is a string it must match a buffer name |
| 9 | 2441 exactly. The name can be: |
| 2442 - Relative to the current directory. | |
| 2443 - A full path. | |
| 1621 | 2444 - The name of a buffer with 'buftype' set to "nofile". |
| 9 | 2445 - A URL name. |
| 7 | 2446 Unlisted buffers will be found. |
| 2447 Note that help files are listed by their short name in the | |
| 2448 output of |:buffers|, but bufexists() requires using their | |
| 2449 long name to be able to find them. | |
| 1621 | 2450 bufexists() may report a buffer exists, but to use the name |
| 2451 with a |:buffer| command you may need to use |expand()|. Esp | |
| 2452 for MS-Windows 8.3 names in the form "c:\DOCUME~1" | |
| 7 | 2453 Use "bufexists(0)" to test for the existence of an alternate |
| 2454 file name. | |
| 2455 *buffer_exists()* | |
| 2456 Obsolete name: buffer_exists(). | |
| 2457 | |
| 2458 buflisted({expr}) *buflisted()* | |
| 2459 The result is a Number, which is non-zero if a buffer called | |
| 2460 {expr} exists and is listed (has the 'buflisted' option set). | |
| 9 | 2461 The {expr} argument is used like with |bufexists()|. |
| 7 | 2462 |
| 2463 bufloaded({expr}) *bufloaded()* | |
| 2464 The result is a Number, which is non-zero if a buffer called | |
| 2465 {expr} exists and is loaded (shown in a window or hidden). | |
| 9 | 2466 The {expr} argument is used like with |bufexists()|. |
| 7 | 2467 |
| 2468 bufname({expr}) *bufname()* | |
| 2469 The result is the name of a buffer, as it is displayed by the | |
| 2470 ":ls" command. | |
| 2471 If {expr} is a Number, that buffer number's name is given. | |
| 2472 Number zero is the alternate buffer for the current window. | |
| 2473 If {expr} is a String, it is used as a |file-pattern| to match | |
| 1621 | 2474 with the buffer names. This is always done like 'magic' is |
| 7 | 2475 set and 'cpoptions' is empty. When there is more than one |
| 2476 match an empty string is returned. | |
| 2477 "" or "%" can be used for the current buffer, "#" for the | |
| 2478 alternate buffer. | |
| 2479 A full match is preferred, otherwise a match at the start, end | |
| 1156 | 2480 or middle of the buffer name is accepted. If you only want a |
| 2481 full match then put "^" at the start and "$" at the end of the | |
| 2482 pattern. | |
| 7 | 2483 Listed buffers are found first. If there is a single match |
| 2484 with a listed buffer, that one is returned. Next unlisted | |
| 2485 buffers are searched for. | |
| 2486 If the {expr} is a String, but you want to use it as a buffer | |
| 2487 number, force it to be a Number by adding zero to it: > | |
| 2488 :echo bufname("3" + 0) | |
| 2489 < If the buffer doesn't exist, or doesn't have a name, an empty | |
| 2490 string is returned. > | |
| 2491 bufname("#") alternate buffer name | |
| 2492 bufname(3) name of buffer 3 | |
| 2493 bufname("%") name of current buffer | |
| 2494 bufname("file2") name of buffer where "file2" matches. | |
| 2495 < *buffer_name()* | |
| 2496 Obsolete name: buffer_name(). | |
| 2497 | |
| 2498 *bufnr()* | |
| 707 | 2499 bufnr({expr} [, {create}]) |
| 2500 The result is the number of a buffer, as it is displayed by | |
| 7 | 2501 the ":ls" command. For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| |
| 707 | 2502 above. |
| 2503 If the buffer doesn't exist, -1 is returned. Or, if the | |
| 2504 {create} argument is present and not zero, a new, unlisted, | |
| 2505 buffer is created and its number is returned. | |
| 7 | 2506 bufnr("$") is the last buffer: > |
| 2507 :let last_buffer = bufnr("$") | |
| 2508 < The result is a Number, which is the highest buffer number | |
| 2509 of existing buffers. Note that not all buffers with a smaller | |
| 2510 number necessarily exist, because ":bwipeout" may have removed | |
| 2511 them. Use bufexists() to test for the existence of a buffer. | |
| 2512 *buffer_number()* | |
| 2513 Obsolete name: buffer_number(). | |
| 2514 *last_buffer_nr()* | |
| 2515 Obsolete name for bufnr("$"): last_buffer_nr(). | |
| 2516 | |
| 2517 bufwinnr({expr}) *bufwinnr()* | |
| 2518 The result is a Number, which is the number of the first | |
| 2519 window associated with buffer {expr}. For the use of {expr}, | |
| 1621 | 2520 see |bufname()| above. If buffer {expr} doesn't exist or |
| 7 | 2521 there is no such window, -1 is returned. Example: > |
| 2522 | |
| 2523 echo "A window containing buffer 1 is " . (bufwinnr(1)) | |
| 2524 | |
| 2525 < The number can be used with |CTRL-W_w| and ":wincmd w" | |
| 2526 |:wincmd|. | |
| 1156 | 2527 Only deals with the current tab page. |
| 7 | 2528 |
| 2529 byte2line({byte}) *byte2line()* | |
| 2530 Return the line number that contains the character at byte | |
| 2531 count {byte} in the current buffer. This includes the | |
| 2532 end-of-line character, depending on the 'fileformat' option | |
| 2533 for the current buffer. The first character has byte count | |
| 2534 one. | |
| 2535 Also see |line2byte()|, |go| and |:goto|. | |
| 2536 {not available when compiled without the |+byte_offset| | |
| 2537 feature} | |
| 2538 | |
| 18 | 2539 byteidx({expr}, {nr}) *byteidx()* |
| 2540 Return byte index of the {nr}'th character in the string | |
| 2541 {expr}. Use zero for the first character, it returns zero. | |
| 2542 This function is only useful when there are multibyte | |
| 2543 characters, otherwise the returned value is equal to {nr}. | |
| 5413 | 2544 Composing characters are not counted separately, their byte |
| 2545 length is added to the preceding base character. See | |
| 2546 |byteidxcomp()| below for counting composing characters | |
| 2547 separately. | |
| 18 | 2548 Example : > |
| 2549 echo matchstr(str, ".", byteidx(str, 3)) | |
| 2550 < will display the fourth character. Another way to do the | |
| 2551 same: > | |
| 2552 let s = strpart(str, byteidx(str, 3)) | |
| 2553 echo strpart(s, 0, byteidx(s, 1)) | |
| 2554 < If there are less than {nr} characters -1 is returned. | |
| 2555 If there are exactly {nr} characters the length of the string | |
| 5413 | 2556 in bytes is returned. |
| 2557 | |
| 2558 byteidxcomp({expr}, {nr}) *byteidxcomp()* | |
| 2559 Like byteidx(), except that a composing character is counted | |
| 2560 as a separate character. Example: > | |
| 2561 let s = 'e' . nr2char(0x301) | |
| 2562 echo byteidx(s, 1) | |
| 2563 echo byteidxcomp(s, 1) | |
| 2564 echo byteidxcomp(s, 2) | |
| 2565 < The first and third echo result in 3 ('e' plus composing | |
| 2566 character is 3 bytes), the second echo results in 1 ('e' is | |
| 2567 one byte). | |
| 2568 Only works different from byteidx() when 'encoding' is set to | |
| 2569 a Unicode encoding. | |
| 18 | 2570 |
| 102 | 2571 call({func}, {arglist} [, {dict}]) *call()* *E699* |
| 685 | 2572 Call function {func} with the items in |List| {arglist} as |
| 79 | 2573 arguments. |
| 685 | 2574 {func} can either be a |Funcref| or the name of a function. |
| 79 | 2575 a:firstline and a:lastline are set to the cursor line. |
| 2576 Returns the return value of the called function. | |
| 102 | 2577 {dict} is for functions with the "dict" attribute. It will be |
| 2578 used to set the local variable "self". |Dictionary-function| | |
| 79 | 2579 |
| 1621 | 2580 ceil({expr}) *ceil()* |
| 2581 Return the smallest integral value greater than or equal to | |
| 2582 {expr} as a |Float| (round up). | |
| 2583 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 2584 Examples: > | |
| 2585 echo ceil(1.456) | |
| 2586 < 2.0 > | |
| 2587 echo ceil(-5.456) | |
| 2588 < -5.0 > | |
| 2589 echo ceil(4.0) | |
| 2590 < 4.0 | |
| 2591 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 2592 | |
| 777 | 2593 changenr() *changenr()* |
| 2594 Return the number of the most recent change. This is the same | |
| 2595 number as what is displayed with |:undolist| and can be used | |
| 2596 with the |:undo| command. | |
| 2597 When a change was made it is the number of that change. After | |
| 2598 redo it is the number of the redone change. After undo it is | |
| 2599 one less than the number of the undone change. | |
| 2600 | |
| 4051 | 2601 char2nr({expr}[, {utf8}]) *char2nr()* |
| 7 | 2602 Return number value of the first char in {expr}. Examples: > |
| 2603 char2nr(" ") returns 32 | |
| 2604 char2nr("ABC") returns 65 | |
| 4051 | 2605 < When {utf8} is omitted or zero, the current 'encoding' is used. |
| 2606 Example for "utf-8": > | |
| 1156 | 2607 char2nr("á") returns 225 |
| 2608 char2nr("á"[0]) returns 195 | |
| 4051 | 2609 < With {utf8} set to 1, always treat as utf-8 characters. |
| 2610 A combining character is a separate character. | |
| 2965 | 2611 |nr2char()| does the opposite. |
| 7 | 2612 |
| 2613 cindent({lnum}) *cindent()* | |
| 2614 Get the amount of indent for line {lnum} according the C | |
| 2615 indenting rules, as with 'cindent'. | |
| 2616 The indent is counted in spaces, the value of 'tabstop' is | |
| 2617 relevant. {lnum} is used just like in |getline()|. | |
| 2618 When {lnum} is invalid or Vim was not compiled the |+cindent| | |
| 2619 feature, -1 is returned. | |
| 548 | 2620 See |C-indenting|. |
| 7 | 2621 |
| 1326 | 2622 clearmatches() *clearmatches()* |
| 2623 Clears all matches previously defined by |matchadd()| and the | |
| 2624 |:match| commands. | |
| 2625 | |
| 7 | 2626 *col()* |
| 24 | 2627 col({expr}) The result is a Number, which is the byte index of the column |
| 7 | 2628 position given with {expr}. The accepted positions are: |
| 2629 . the cursor position | |
| 2630 $ the end of the cursor line (the result is the | |
| 3513 | 2631 number of bytes in the cursor line plus one) |
| 7 | 2632 'x position of mark x (if the mark is not set, 0 is |
| 2633 returned) | |
| 6447 | 2634 v In Visual mode: the start of the Visual area (the |
| 2635 cursor is the end). When not in Visual mode | |
| 2636 returns the cursor position. Differs from |'<| in | |
| 2637 that it's updated right away. | |
| 1317 | 2638 Additionally {expr} can be [lnum, col]: a |List| with the line |
| 2639 and column number. Most useful when the column is "$", to get | |
| 1621 | 2640 the last column of a specific line. When "lnum" or "col" is |
| 1317 | 2641 out of range then col() returns zero. |
| 1156 | 2642 To get the line number use |line()|. To get both use |
| 703 | 2643 |getpos()|. |
| 7 | 2644 For the screen column position use |virtcol()|. |
| 2645 Note that only marks in the current file can be used. | |
| 2646 Examples: > | |
| 2647 col(".") column of cursor | |
| 2648 col("$") length of cursor line plus one | |
| 2649 col("'t") column of mark t | |
| 2650 col("'" . markname) column of mark markname | |
| 1621 | 2651 < The first column is 1. 0 is returned for an error. |
| 1156 | 2652 For an uppercase mark the column may actually be in another |
| 2653 buffer. | |
| 7 | 2654 For the cursor position, when 'virtualedit' is active, the |
| 2655 column is one higher if the cursor is after the end of the | |
| 2656 line. This can be used to obtain the column in Insert mode: > | |
| 2657 :imap <F2> <C-O>:let save_ve = &ve<CR> | |
| 2658 \<C-O>:set ve=all<CR> | |
| 2659 \<C-O>:echo col(".") . "\n" <Bar> | |
| 2660 \let &ve = save_ve<CR> | |
| 2661 < | |
| 464 | 2662 |
| 724 | 2663 complete({startcol}, {matches}) *complete()* *E785* |
| 2664 Set the matches for Insert mode completion. | |
| 2665 Can only be used in Insert mode. You need to use a mapping | |
| 1156 | 2666 with CTRL-R = |i_CTRL-R|. It does not work after CTRL-O or |
| 2667 with an expression mapping. | |
| 724 | 2668 {startcol} is the byte offset in the line where the completed |
| 2669 text start. The text up to the cursor is the original text | |
| 2670 that will be replaced by the matches. Use col('.') for an | |
| 2671 empty string. "col('.') - 1" will replace one character by a | |
| 2672 match. | |
| 2673 {matches} must be a |List|. Each |List| item is one match. | |
| 2674 See |complete-items| for the kind of items that are possible. | |
| 2675 Note that the after calling this function you need to avoid | |
|
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2676 inserting anything that would cause completion to stop. |
| 724 | 2677 The match can be selected with CTRL-N and CTRL-P as usual with |
| 2678 Insert mode completion. The popup menu will appear if | |
| 2679 specified, see |ins-completion-menu|. | |
| 2680 Example: > | |
| 1156 | 2681 inoremap <F5> <C-R>=ListMonths()<CR> |
| 724 | 2682 |
| 2683 func! ListMonths() | |
| 2684 call complete(col('.'), ['January', 'February', 'March', | |
| 2685 \ 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', | |
| 2686 \ 'October', 'November', 'December']) | |
| 2687 return '' | |
| 2688 endfunc | |
| 2689 < This isn't very useful, but it shows how it works. Note that | |
| 2690 an empty string is returned to avoid a zero being inserted. | |
| 2691 | |
| 464 | 2692 complete_add({expr}) *complete_add()* |
| 2693 Add {expr} to the list of matches. Only to be used by the | |
| 2694 function specified with the 'completefunc' option. | |
| 2695 Returns 0 for failure (empty string or out of memory), | |
| 2696 1 when the match was added, 2 when the match was already in | |
| 2697 the list. | |
| 1621 | 2698 See |complete-functions| for an explanation of {expr}. It is |
| 786 | 2699 the same as one item in the list that 'omnifunc' would return. |
| 464 | 2700 |
| 2701 complete_check() *complete_check()* | |
| 2702 Check for a key typed while looking for completion matches. | |
| 2703 This is to be used when looking for matches takes some time. | |
| 2704 Returns non-zero when searching for matches is to be aborted, | |
| 2705 zero otherwise. | |
| 2706 Only to be used by the function specified with the | |
| 2707 'completefunc' option. | |
| 2708 | |
| 7 | 2709 *confirm()* |
| 2710 confirm({msg} [, {choices} [, {default} [, {type}]]]) | |
| 2711 Confirm() offers the user a dialog, from which a choice can be | |
| 2712 made. It returns the number of the choice. For the first | |
| 2713 choice this is 1. | |
| 2714 Note: confirm() is only supported when compiled with dialog | |
| 2715 support, see |+dialog_con| and |+dialog_gui|. | |
|
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2716 |
| 7 | 2717 {msg} is displayed in a |dialog| with {choices} as the |
| 2718 alternatives. When {choices} is missing or empty, "&OK" is | |
| 2719 used (and translated). | |
| 2720 {msg} is a String, use '\n' to include a newline. Only on | |
| 2721 some systems the string is wrapped when it doesn't fit. | |
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2722 |
| 7 | 2723 {choices} is a String, with the individual choices separated |
| 2724 by '\n', e.g. > | |
| 2725 confirm("Save changes?", "&Yes\n&No\n&Cancel") | |
| 2726 < The letter after the '&' is the shortcut key for that choice. | |
| 2727 Thus you can type 'c' to select "Cancel". The shortcut does | |
| 2728 not need to be the first letter: > | |
| 2729 confirm("file has been modified", "&Save\nSave &All") | |
| 2730 < For the console, the first letter of each choice is used as | |
| 2731 the default shortcut key. | |
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2732 |
| 7 | 2733 The optional {default} argument is the number of the choice |
| 2734 that is made if the user hits <CR>. Use 1 to make the first | |
| 2735 choice the default one. Use 0 to not set a default. If | |
| 2736 {default} is omitted, 1 is used. | |
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2737 |
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2738 The optional {type} argument gives the type of dialog. This |
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2739 is only used for the icon of the GTK, Mac, Motif and Win32 |
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2740 GUI. It can be one of these values: "Error", "Question", |
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2741 "Info", "Warning" or "Generic". Only the first character is |
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2742 relevant. When {type} is omitted, "Generic" is used. |
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2743 |
| 7 | 2744 If the user aborts the dialog by pressing <Esc>, CTRL-C, |
| 2745 or another valid interrupt key, confirm() returns 0. | |
| 2746 | |
| 2747 An example: > | |
| 2748 :let choice = confirm("What do you want?", "&Apples\n&Oranges\n&Bananas", 2) | |
| 2749 :if choice == 0 | |
| 2750 : echo "make up your mind!" | |
| 2751 :elseif choice == 3 | |
| 2752 : echo "tasteful" | |
| 2753 :else | |
| 2754 : echo "I prefer bananas myself." | |
| 2755 :endif | |
| 2756 < In a GUI dialog, buttons are used. The layout of the buttons | |
| 2757 depends on the 'v' flag in 'guioptions'. If it is included, | |
| 1621 | 2758 the buttons are always put vertically. Otherwise, confirm() |
| 7 | 2759 tries to put the buttons in one horizontal line. If they |
| 2760 don't fit, a vertical layout is used anyway. For some systems | |
| 2761 the horizontal layout is always used. | |
| 2762 | |
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2763 ch_close({handle}) *ch_close()* |
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2764 Close {handle}. See |channel-close|. |
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2765 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. |
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2766 |
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2767 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
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2768 |
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2769 ch_evalexpr({handle}, {expr} [, {options}]) *ch_evalexpr()* |
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2770 Send {expr} over {handle}. The {expr} is encoded |
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2771 according to the type of channel. The function cannot be used |
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2772 with a raw channel. See |channel-use|. |
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2773 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. |
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2774 *E917* |
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2775 {options} must be a Dictionary. It must not have a "callback" |
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2776 entry. It can have a "timeout" entry to specify the timeout |
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2777 for this specific request. |
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2778 |
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2779 ch_evalexpr() waits for a response and returns the decoded |
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2780 expression. When there is an error or timeout it returns an |
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2781 empty string. |
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2782 |
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2783 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
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2784 |
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2785 ch_evalraw({handle}, {string} [, {options}]) *ch_evalraw()* |
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2786 Send {string} over {handle}. |
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2787 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. |
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2788 |
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2789 Works like |ch_evalexpr()|, but does not encode the request or |
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2790 decode the response. The caller is responsible for the |
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2791 correct contents. Also does not add a newline for a channel |
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2792 in NL mode, the caller must do that. The NL in the response |
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2793 is removed. |
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2794 See |channel-use|. |
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2795 |
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2796 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
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2797 |
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2798 ch_getbufnr({handle}, {what}) *ch_getbufnr()* |
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2799 Get the buffer number that {handle} is using for {what}. |
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|
2800 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. |
|
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|
2801 {what} can be "err" for stderr, "out" for stdout or empty for |
|
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|
2802 socket output. |
|
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|
2803 Returns -1 when there is no buffer. |
|
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|
2804 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
|
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|
2805 |
|
8178
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|
2806 ch_getjob({channel}) *ch_getjob()* |
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|
2807 Get the Job associated with {channel}. |
|
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|
2808 If there is no job calling |job_status()| on the returned Job |
|
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|
2809 will result in "fail". |
|
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|
2810 |
|
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|
2811 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| and |
|
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|
2812 |+job| features} |
|
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|
2813 |
|
8669
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|
2814 ch_info({handle}) *ch_info()* |
|
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|
2815 Returns a Dictionary with information about {handle}. The |
|
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|
2816 items are: |
|
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|
2817 "id" number of the channel |
|
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|
2818 "status" "open" (any part is open) or "closed" |
|
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|
2819 When opened with ch_open(): |
|
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2820 "hostname" the hostname of the address |
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|
2821 "port" the port of the address |
|
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|
2822 "sock_status" "open" or "closed" |
|
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|
2823 "sock_mode" "NL", "RAW", "JSON" or "JS" |
|
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|
2824 "sock_io" "socket" |
|
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|
2825 "sock_timeout" timeout in msec |
|
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|
2826 When opened with job_start(): |
|
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|
2827 "out_status" "open" or "closed" |
|
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|
2828 "out_mode" "NL", "RAW", "JSON" or "JS" |
|
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|
2829 "out_io" "null", "pipe", "file" or "buffer" |
|
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diff
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|
2830 "out_timeout" timeout in msec |
|
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changeset
|
2831 "err_status" "open" or "closed" |
|
06848fe9c816
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|
2832 "err_mode" "NL", "RAW", "JSON" or "JS" |
|
06848fe9c816
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|
2833 "err_io" "out", "null", "pipe", "file" or "buffer" |
|
06848fe9c816
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diff
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|
2834 "err_timeout" timeout in msec |
|
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|
2835 "in_status" "open" or "closed" |
|
06848fe9c816
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|
2836 "in_mode" "NL", "RAW", "JSON" or "JS" |
|
06848fe9c816
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|
2837 "in_io" "null", "pipe", "file" or "buffer" |
|
06848fe9c816
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diff
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|
2838 "in_timeout" timeout in msec |
|
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|
2839 |
|
8440
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|
2840 ch_log({msg} [, {handle}]) *ch_log()* |
|
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diff
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|
2841 Write {msg} in the channel log file, if it was opened with |
|
f5da459c5698
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changeset
|
2842 |ch_logfile()|. |
|
8440
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|
2843 When {handle} is passed the channel number is used for the |
|
4c6ad81d41fe
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|
2844 message. |
|
4c6ad81d41fe
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|
2845 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. The |
|
4c6ad81d41fe
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|
2846 Channel must open. |
|
8148
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|
2847 |
|
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|
2848 ch_logfile({fname} [, {mode}]) *ch_logfile()* |
|
8031
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diff
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|
2849 Start logging channel activity to {fname}. |
|
8061
abd64cf67bcf
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|
2850 When {fname} is an empty string: stop logging. |
|
abd64cf67bcf
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|
2851 |
|
8031
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diff
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|
2852 When {mode} is omitted or "a" append to the file. |
|
ece323e2b57f
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|
2853 When {mode} is "w" start with an empty file. |
|
8061
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|
2854 |
|
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diff
changeset
|
2855 The file is flushed after every message, on Unix you can use |
|
abd64cf67bcf
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diff
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|
2856 "tail -f" to see what is going on in real time. |
|
8031
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|
2857 |
|
8392
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|
2858 |
|
8148
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|
2859 ch_open({address} [, {options}]) *ch_open()* |
|
7788
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changeset
|
2860 Open a channel to {address}. See |channel|. |
|
8748
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|
2861 Returns a Channel. Use |ch_status()| to check for failure. |
|
7788
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|
2862 |
|
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|
2863 {address} has the form "hostname:port", e.g., |
|
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|
2864 "localhost:8765". |
|
192ae655ac91
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|
2865 |
|
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|
2866 If {options} is given it must be a |Dictionary|. |
|
b1a19a2f73f0
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|
2867 See |channel-open-options|. |
|
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|
2868 |
|
7957
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|
2869 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
|
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|
2870 |
|
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|
2871 ch_read({handle} [, {options}]) *ch_read()* |
|
4c6ad81d41fe
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|
2872 Read from {handle} and return the received message. |
|
4c6ad81d41fe
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|
2873 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. |
|
8748
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changeset
|
2874 See |channel-more|. |
|
b1a19a2f73f0
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|
2875 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
|
8178
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|
2876 |
|
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|
2877 ch_readraw({handle} [, {options}]) *ch_readraw()* |
|
8178
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|
2878 Like ch_read() but for a JS and JSON channel does not decode |
|
8748
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|
2879 the message. See |channel-more|. |
|
b1a19a2f73f0
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|
2880 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
|
8178
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|
2881 |
|
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|
2882 ch_sendexpr({handle}, {expr} [, {options}]) *ch_sendexpr()* |
|
4c6ad81d41fe
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diff
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|
2883 Send {expr} over {handle}. The {expr} is encoded |
|
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|
2884 according to the type of channel. The function cannot be used |
|
8748
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|
2885 with a raw channel. |
|
b1a19a2f73f0
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diff
changeset
|
2886 See |channel-use|. *E912* |
|
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|
2887 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. |
|
7895
bff95e0d8885
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|
2888 |
|
7957
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|
2889 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
|
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|
2890 |
|
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|
2891 ch_sendraw({handle}, {string} [, {options}]) *ch_sendraw()* |
|
4c6ad81d41fe
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|
2892 Send {string} over {handle}. |
|
7992
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|
2893 Works like |ch_sendexpr()|, but does not encode the request or |
|
78106b0f2c56
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|
2894 decode the response. The caller is responsible for the |
|
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|
2895 correct contents. Also does not add a newline for a channel |
|
18a3f0f05244
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|
2896 in NL mode, the caller must do that. The NL in the response |
|
18a3f0f05244
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2897 is removed. |
|
18a3f0f05244
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|
2898 See |channel-use|. |
|
7895
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2899 |
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2900 {only available when compiled with the |+channel| feature} |
|
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2901 |
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2902 ch_setoptions({handle}, {options}) *ch_setoptions()* |
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2903 Set options on {handle}: |
|
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|
2904 "callback" the channel callback |
|
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|
2905 "timeout" default read timeout in msec |
|
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|
2906 "mode" mode for the whole channel |
|
8148
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|
2907 See |ch_open()| for more explanation. |
|
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|
2908 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. |
|
8148
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|
2909 |
|
8178
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|
2910 Note that changing the mode may cause queued messages to be |
|
e77efd7a7dad
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|
2911 lost. |
|
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|
2912 |
|
8148
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|
2913 These options cannot be changed: |
|
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|
2914 "waittime" only applies to "ch_open()| |
|
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2915 |
|
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|
2916 ch_status({handle}) *ch_status()* |
|
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|
2917 Return the status of {handle}: |
|
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|
2918 "fail" failed to open the channel |
|
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|
2919 "open" channel can be used |
|
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|
2920 "closed" channel can not be used |
|
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|
2921 {handle} can be Channel or a Job that has a Channel. |
|
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|
2922 |
| 55 | 2923 *copy()* |
| 1621 | 2924 copy({expr}) Make a copy of {expr}. For Numbers and Strings this isn't |
| 55 | 2925 different from using {expr} directly. |
| 685 | 2926 When {expr} is a |List| a shallow copy is created. This means |
| 2927 that the original |List| can be changed without changing the | |
| 1621 | 2928 copy, and vice versa. But the items are identical, thus |
|
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|
2929 changing an item changes the contents of both |Lists|. |
|
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|
2930 A |Dictionary| is copied in a similar way as a |List|. |
|
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|
2931 Also see |deepcopy()|. |
| 55 | 2932 |
| 1621 | 2933 cos({expr}) *cos()* |
| 2934 Return the cosine of {expr}, measured in radians, as a |Float|. | |
| 2935 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 2936 Examples: > | |
| 2937 :echo cos(100) | |
| 2938 < 0.862319 > | |
| 2939 :echo cos(-4.01) | |
| 2940 < -0.646043 | |
| 2941 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 2942 | |
|
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2943 |
|
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|
2944 cosh({expr}) *cosh()* |
|
2337
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2945 Return the hyperbolic cosine of {expr} as a |Float| in the range |
|
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|
2946 [1, inf]. |
|
2337
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2947 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. |
|
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2948 Examples: > |
|
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|
2949 :echo cosh(0.5) |
|
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|
2950 < 1.127626 > |
|
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|
2951 :echo cosh(-0.5) |
|
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|
2952 < -1.127626 |
|
2570
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|
2953 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
|
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|
2954 |
| 1621 | 2955 |
| 102 | 2956 count({comp}, {expr} [, {ic} [, {start}]]) *count()* |
| 79 | 2957 Return the number of times an item with value {expr} appears |
| 685 | 2958 in |List| or |Dictionary| {comp}. |
| 102 | 2959 If {start} is given then start with the item with this index. |
| 685 | 2960 {start} can only be used with a |List|. |
| 79 | 2961 When {ic} is given and it's non-zero then case is ignored. |
| 2962 | |
| 2963 | |
| 7 | 2964 *cscope_connection()* |
| 2965 cscope_connection([{num} , {dbpath} [, {prepend}]]) | |
| 2966 Checks for the existence of a |cscope| connection. If no | |
| 2967 parameters are specified, then the function returns: | |
| 2968 0, if cscope was not available (not compiled in), or | |
| 2969 if there are no cscope connections; | |
| 2970 1, if there is at least one cscope connection. | |
| 2971 | |
| 2972 If parameters are specified, then the value of {num} | |
| 2973 determines how existence of a cscope connection is checked: | |
| 2974 | |
| 2975 {num} Description of existence check | |
| 2976 ----- ------------------------------ | |
| 2977 0 Same as no parameters (e.g., "cscope_connection()"). | |
| 2978 1 Ignore {prepend}, and use partial string matches for | |
| 2979 {dbpath}. | |
| 2980 2 Ignore {prepend}, and use exact string matches for | |
| 2981 {dbpath}. | |
| 2982 3 Use {prepend}, use partial string matches for both | |
| 2983 {dbpath} and {prepend}. | |
| 2984 4 Use {prepend}, use exact string matches for both | |
| 2985 {dbpath} and {prepend}. | |
| 2986 | |
| 2987 Note: All string comparisons are case sensitive! | |
| 2988 | |
| 2989 Examples. Suppose we had the following (from ":cs show"): > | |
| 2990 | |
| 2991 # pid database name prepend path | |
| 2992 0 27664 cscope.out /usr/local | |
| 2993 < | |
| 2994 Invocation Return Val ~ | |
| 2995 ---------- ---------- > | |
| 2996 cscope_connection() 1 | |
| 2997 cscope_connection(1, "out") 1 | |
| 2998 cscope_connection(2, "out") 0 | |
| 2999 cscope_connection(3, "out") 0 | |
| 3000 cscope_connection(3, "out", "local") 1 | |
| 3001 cscope_connection(4, "out") 0 | |
| 3002 cscope_connection(4, "out", "local") 0 | |
| 3003 cscope_connection(4, "cscope.out", "/usr/local") 1 | |
| 3004 < | |
| 703 | 3005 cursor({lnum}, {col} [, {off}]) *cursor()* |
| 3006 cursor({list}) | |
| 1156 | 3007 Positions the cursor at the column (byte count) {col} in the |
| 3008 line {lnum}. The first column is one. | |
| 5938 | 3009 |
| 703 | 3010 When there is one argument {list} this is used as a |List| |
| 5938 | 3011 with two, three or four item: |
|
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|
3012 [{lnum}, {col}] |
| 5938 | 3013 [{lnum}, {col}, {off}] |
| 3014 [{lnum}, {col}, {off}, {curswant}] | |
| 6009 | 3015 This is like the return value of |getpos()| or |getcurpos()|, |
| 5944 | 3016 but without the first item. |
| 5938 | 3017 |
| 7 | 3018 Does not change the jumplist. |
| 3019 If {lnum} is greater than the number of lines in the buffer, | |
| 3020 the cursor will be positioned at the last line in the buffer. | |
| 3021 If {lnum} is zero, the cursor will stay in the current line. | |
| 493 | 3022 If {col} is greater than the number of bytes in the line, |
| 7 | 3023 the cursor will be positioned at the last character in the |
| 3024 line. | |
| 3025 If {col} is zero, the cursor will stay in the current column. | |
| 5944 | 3026 If {curswant} is given it is used to set the preferred column |
| 6180 | 3027 for vertical movement. Otherwise {col} is used. |
| 6385 | 3028 |
| 703 | 3029 When 'virtualedit' is used {off} specifies the offset in |
| 3030 screen columns from the start of the character. E.g., a | |
| 1266 | 3031 position within a <Tab> or after the last character. |
| 1851 | 3032 Returns 0 when the position could be set, -1 otherwise. |
| 7 | 3033 |
| 55 | 3034 |
| 164 | 3035 deepcopy({expr}[, {noref}]) *deepcopy()* *E698* |
| 1621 | 3036 Make a copy of {expr}. For Numbers and Strings this isn't |
| 55 | 3037 different from using {expr} directly. |
| 685 | 3038 When {expr} is a |List| a full copy is created. This means |
| 3039 that the original |List| can be changed without changing the | |
|
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|
3040 copy, and vice versa. When an item is a |List| or |
|
ece323e2b57f
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diff
changeset
|
3041 |Dictionary|, a copy for it is made, recursively. Thus |
|
ece323e2b57f
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diff
changeset
|
3042 changing an item in the copy does not change the contents of |
|
ece323e2b57f
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changeset
|
3043 the original |List|. |
|
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changeset
|
3044 A |Dictionary| is copied in a similar way as a |List|. |
| 685 | 3045 When {noref} is omitted or zero a contained |List| or |
| 3046 |Dictionary| is only copied once. All references point to | |
| 3047 this single copy. With {noref} set to 1 every occurrence of a | |
| 3048 |List| or |Dictionary| results in a new copy. This also means | |
| 3049 that a cyclic reference causes deepcopy() to fail. | |
| 114 | 3050 *E724* |
| 3051 Nesting is possible up to 100 levels. When there is an item | |
| 164 | 3052 that refers back to a higher level making a deep copy with |
| 3053 {noref} set to 1 will fail. | |
| 55 | 3054 Also see |copy()|. |
| 3055 | |
|
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|
3056 delete({fname} [, {flags}]) *delete()* |
|
228ff048db20
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|
3057 Without {flags} or with {flags} empty: Deletes the file by the |
|
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|
3058 name {fname}. This also works when {fname} is a symbolic link. |
|
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|
3059 |
|
228ff048db20
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parents:
7597
diff
changeset
|
3060 When {flags} is "d": Deletes the directory by the name |
|
7629
befbed72da87
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/43a34f9f74fdce462fa250baab620264c28b6165
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7615
diff
changeset
|
3061 {fname}. This fails when directory {fname} is not empty. |
|
7615
228ff048db20
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/da440d21a6b94d7f525fa7be9b1417c78dd9aa4c
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7597
diff
changeset
|
3062 |
|
228ff048db20
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/da440d21a6b94d7f525fa7be9b1417c78dd9aa4c
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7597
diff
changeset
|
3063 When {flags} is "rf": Deletes the directory by the name |
|
7629
befbed72da87
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/43a34f9f74fdce462fa250baab620264c28b6165
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7615
diff
changeset
|
3064 {fname} and everything in it, recursively. BE CAREFUL! |
|
befbed72da87
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/43a34f9f74fdce462fa250baab620264c28b6165
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7615
diff
changeset
|
3065 A symbolic link itself is deleted, not what it points to. |
|
7615
228ff048db20
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/da440d21a6b94d7f525fa7be9b1417c78dd9aa4c
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7597
diff
changeset
|
3066 |
|
228ff048db20
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/da440d21a6b94d7f525fa7be9b1417c78dd9aa4c
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7597
diff
changeset
|
3067 The result is a Number, which is 0 if the delete operation was |
|
228ff048db20
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/da440d21a6b94d7f525fa7be9b1417c78dd9aa4c
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7597
diff
changeset
|
3068 successful and -1 when the deletion failed or partly failed. |
|
228ff048db20
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/da440d21a6b94d7f525fa7be9b1417c78dd9aa4c
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7597
diff
changeset
|
3069 |
| 685 | 3070 Use |remove()| to delete an item from a |List|. |
| 4229 | 3071 To delete a line from the buffer use |:delete|. Use |:exe| |
| 3072 when the line number is in a variable. | |
| 7 | 3073 |
| 3074 *did_filetype()* | |
| 3075 did_filetype() Returns non-zero when autocommands are being executed and the | |
| 3076 FileType event has been triggered at least once. Can be used | |
| 3077 to avoid triggering the FileType event again in the scripts | |
| 3078 that detect the file type. |FileType| | |
| 3079 When editing another file, the counter is reset, thus this | |
| 3080 really checks if the FileType event has been triggered for the | |
| 3081 current buffer. This allows an autocommand that starts | |
| 3082 editing another buffer to set 'filetype' and load a syntax | |
| 3083 file. | |
| 3084 | |
| 32 | 3085 diff_filler({lnum}) *diff_filler()* |
| 3086 Returns the number of filler lines above line {lnum}. | |
| 3087 These are the lines that were inserted at this point in | |
| 3088 another diff'ed window. These filler lines are shown in the | |
| 3089 display but don't exist in the buffer. | |
| 3090 {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current | |
| 3091 line, "'m" mark m, etc. | |
| 3092 Returns 0 if the current window is not in diff mode. | |
| 3093 | |
| 3094 diff_hlID({lnum}, {col}) *diff_hlID()* | |
| 3095 Returns the highlight ID for diff mode at line {lnum} column | |
| 3096 {col} (byte index). When the current line does not have a | |
| 3097 diff change zero is returned. | |
| 3098 {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current | |
| 3099 line, "'m" mark m, etc. | |
| 3100 {col} is 1 for the leftmost column, {lnum} is 1 for the first | |
| 3101 line. | |
| 3102 The highlight ID can be used with |synIDattr()| to obtain | |
| 3103 syntax information about the highlighting. | |
| 3104 | |
|
8031
ece323e2b57f
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parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
3105 *disable_char_avail_for_testing()* |
|
ece323e2b57f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6463ca229cb9412581419497924c85fcbfc854ab
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
3106 disable_char_avail_for_testing({expr}) |
|
ece323e2b57f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6463ca229cb9412581419497924c85fcbfc854ab
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
3107 When {expr} is 1 the internal char_avail() function will |
|
ece323e2b57f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6463ca229cb9412581419497924c85fcbfc854ab
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
3108 return FALSE. When {expr} is 0 the char_avail() function will |
|
ece323e2b57f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6463ca229cb9412581419497924c85fcbfc854ab
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
3109 function normally. |
|
ece323e2b57f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6463ca229cb9412581419497924c85fcbfc854ab
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
3110 Only use this for a test where typeahead causes the test not |
|
ece323e2b57f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6463ca229cb9412581419497924c85fcbfc854ab
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
3111 to work. E.g., to trigger the CursorMovedI autocommand event. |
|
ece323e2b57f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6463ca229cb9412581419497924c85fcbfc854ab
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
3112 |
| 85 | 3113 empty({expr}) *empty()* |
| 3114 Return the Number 1 if {expr} is empty, zero otherwise. | |
|
7957
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Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7935
diff
changeset
|
3115 - A |List| or |Dictionary| is empty when it does not have any |
|
b74549818500
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/835dc636a5350f610b62f110227d2363b5b2880a
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7935
diff
changeset
|
3116 items. |
|
b74549818500
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/835dc636a5350f610b62f110227d2363b5b2880a
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7935
diff
changeset
|
3117 - A Number and Float is empty when its value is zero. |
|
b74549818500
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/835dc636a5350f610b62f110227d2363b5b2880a
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7935
diff
changeset
|
3118 - |v:false|, |v:none| and |v:null| are empty, |v:true| is not. |
|
b74549818500
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/835dc636a5350f610b62f110227d2363b5b2880a
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7935
diff
changeset
|
3119 - A Job is empty when it failed to start. |
|
8061
abd64cf67bcf
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/38a55639d603823efcf2d2fdf542dbffdeb60b75
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8031
diff
changeset
|
3120 - A Channel is empty when it is closed. |
|
7957
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parents:
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changeset
|
3121 |
|
2033
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
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1998
diff
changeset
|
3122 For a long |List| this is much faster than comparing the |
| 685 | 3123 length with zero. |
| 85 | 3124 |
| 7 | 3125 escape({string}, {chars}) *escape()* |
| 3126 Escape the characters in {chars} that occur in {string} with a | |
| 3127 backslash. Example: > | |
| 3128 :echo escape('c:\program files\vim', ' \') | |
| 3129 < results in: > | |
| 3130 c:\\program\ files\\vim | |
| 1621 | 3131 < Also see |shellescape()|. |
| 3132 | |
| 3133 *eval()* | |
| 95 | 3134 eval({string}) Evaluate {string} and return the result. Especially useful to |
| 3135 turn the result of |string()| back into the original value. | |
| 1621 | 3136 This works for Numbers, Floats, Strings and composites of |
| 3137 them. Also works for |Funcref|s that refer to existing | |
| 3138 functions. | |
| 95 | 3139 |
| 7 | 3140 eventhandler() *eventhandler()* |
| 3141 Returns 1 when inside an event handler. That is that Vim got | |
| 3142 interrupted while waiting for the user to type a character, | |
| 3143 e.g., when dropping a file on Vim. This means interactive | |
| 3144 commands cannot be used. Otherwise zero is returned. | |
| 3145 | |
| 3146 executable({expr}) *executable()* | |
| 3147 This function checks if an executable with the name {expr} | |
| 3148 exists. {expr} must be the name of the program without any | |
| 10 | 3149 arguments. |
| 3150 executable() uses the value of $PATH and/or the normal | |
| 3151 searchpath for programs. *PATHEXT* | |
| 3152 On MS-DOS and MS-Windows the ".exe", ".bat", etc. can | |
| 3153 optionally be included. Then the extensions in $PATHEXT are | |
| 1621 | 3154 tried. Thus if "foo.exe" does not exist, "foo.exe.bat" can be |
| 3155 found. If $PATHEXT is not set then ".exe;.com;.bat;.cmd" is | |
| 10 | 3156 used. A dot by itself can be used in $PATHEXT to try using |
| 1621 | 3157 the name without an extension. When 'shell' looks like a |
| 10 | 3158 Unix shell, then the name is also tried without adding an |
| 3159 extension. | |
| 3160 On MS-DOS and MS-Windows it only checks if the file exists and | |
| 3161 is not a directory, not if it's really executable. | |
| 819 | 3162 On MS-Windows an executable in the same directory as Vim is |
| 3163 always found. Since this directory is added to $PATH it | |
| 3164 should also work to execute it |win32-PATH|. | |
| 7 | 3165 The result is a Number: |
| 3166 1 exists | |
| 3167 0 does not exist | |
| 3168 -1 not implemented on this system | |
| 3169 | |
| 5782 | 3170 exepath({expr}) *exepath()* |
| 3171 If {expr} is an executable and is either an absolute path, a | |
| 3172 relative path or found in $PATH, return the full path. | |
| 3173 Note that the current directory is used when {expr} starts | |
| 3174 with "./", which may be a problem for Vim: > | |
| 3175 echo exepath(v:progpath) | |
| 5814 | 3176 < If {expr} cannot be found in $PATH or is not executable then |
| 5782 | 3177 an empty string is returned. |
| 3178 | |
| 7 | 3179 *exists()* |
| 3180 exists({expr}) The result is a Number, which is non-zero if {expr} is | |
| 3181 defined, zero otherwise. The {expr} argument is a string, | |
| 3182 which contains one of these: | |
| 3183 &option-name Vim option (only checks if it exists, | |
| 3184 not if it really works) | |
| 3185 +option-name Vim option that works. | |
| 3186 $ENVNAME environment variable (could also be | |
| 3187 done by comparing with an empty | |
| 3188 string) | |
| 3189 *funcname built-in function (see |functions|) | |
| 3190 or user defined function (see | |
| 5862 | 3191 |user-functions|). Also works for a |
| 3192 variable that is a Funcref. | |
| 7 | 3193 varname internal variable (see |
| 1621 | 3194 |internal-variables|). Also works |
| 685 | 3195 for |curly-braces-names|, |Dictionary| |
| 3196 entries, |List| items, etc. Beware | |
| 1668 | 3197 that evaluating an index may cause an |
| 3198 error message for an invalid | |
| 3199 expression. E.g.: > | |
| 3200 :let l = [1, 2, 3] | |
| 3201 :echo exists("l[5]") | |
| 3202 < 0 > | |
| 3203 :echo exists("l[xx]") | |
| 3204 < E121: Undefined variable: xx | |
| 3205 0 | |
| 7 | 3206 :cmdname Ex command: built-in command, user |
| 3207 command or command modifier |:command|. | |
| 3208 Returns: | |
| 3209 1 for match with start of a command | |
| 3210 2 full match with a command | |
| 3211 3 matches several user commands | |
| 3212 To check for a supported command | |
| 3213 always check the return value to be 2. | |
| 864 | 3214 :2match The |:2match| command. |
| 3215 :3match The |:3match| command. | |
| 7 | 3216 #event autocommand defined for this event |
| 3217 #event#pattern autocommand defined for this event and | |
| 3218 pattern (the pattern is taken | |
| 3219 literally and compared to the | |
| 3220 autocommand patterns character by | |
| 3221 character) | |
| 613 | 3222 #group autocommand group exists |
| 3223 #group#event autocommand defined for this group and | |
| 3224 event. | |
| 3225 #group#event#pattern | |
| 856 | 3226 autocommand defined for this group, |
| 613 | 3227 event and pattern. |
| 615 | 3228 ##event autocommand for this event is |
| 3229 supported. | |
| 7 | 3230 For checking for a supported feature use |has()|. |
| 3231 | |
| 3232 Examples: > | |
| 3233 exists("&shortname") | |
| 3234 exists("$HOSTNAME") | |
| 3235 exists("*strftime") | |
| 3236 exists("*s:MyFunc") | |
| 3237 exists("bufcount") | |
| 3238 exists(":Make") | |
| 613 | 3239 exists("#CursorHold") |
| 7 | 3240 exists("#BufReadPre#*.gz") |
| 613 | 3241 exists("#filetypeindent") |
| 3242 exists("#filetypeindent#FileType") | |
| 3243 exists("#filetypeindent#FileType#*") | |
| 615 | 3244 exists("##ColorScheme") |
| 7 | 3245 < There must be no space between the symbol (&/$/*/#) and the |
| 3246 name. | |
| 867 | 3247 There must be no extra characters after the name, although in |
| 3248 a few cases this is ignored. That may become more strict in | |
| 3249 the future, thus don't count on it! | |
| 3250 Working example: > | |
| 3251 exists(":make") | |
| 3252 < NOT working example: > | |
| 3253 exists(":make install") | |
| 859 | 3254 |
| 3255 < Note that the argument must be a string, not the name of the | |
| 3256 variable itself. For example: > | |
| 7 | 3257 exists(bufcount) |
| 3258 < This doesn't check for existence of the "bufcount" variable, | |
| 853 | 3259 but gets the value of "bufcount", and checks if that exists. |
| 7 | 3260 |
|
2206
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
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2154
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changeset
|
3261 exp({expr}) *exp()* |
|
2337
a0f87fc19d1d
Better conceal in help. (partly by Dominique Pelle)
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parents:
2320
diff
changeset
|
3262 Return the exponential of {expr} as a |Float| in the range |
|
2206
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
3263 [0, inf]. |
|
2337
a0f87fc19d1d
Better conceal in help. (partly by Dominique Pelle)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2320
diff
changeset
|
3264 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. |
|
2206
a8afba7027ae
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
3265 Examples: > |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
3266 :echo exp(2) |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
3267 < 7.389056 > |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
3268 :echo exp(-1) |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
3269 < 0.367879 |
|
2570
71b56b4e7785
Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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2569
diff
changeset
|
3270 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
|
2206
a8afba7027ae
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
3271 |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3272 |
|
3410
94601b379f38
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
3273 expand({expr} [, {nosuf} [, {list}]]) *expand()* |
| 7 | 3274 Expand wildcards and the following special keywords in {expr}. |
|
3410
94601b379f38
Updated runtime files. Add Dutch translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
3275 'wildignorecase' applies. |
|
94601b379f38
Updated runtime files. Add Dutch translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
3276 |
|
94601b379f38
Updated runtime files. Add Dutch translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
3277 If {list} is given and it is non-zero, a List will be returned. |
|
94601b379f38
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
3278 Otherwise the result is a String and when there are several |
|
94601b379f38
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
3279 matches, they are separated by <NL> characters. [Note: in |
|
94601b379f38
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
3280 version 5.0 a space was used, which caused problems when a |
|
94601b379f38
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
3281 file name contains a space] |
| 7 | 3282 |
| 1621 | 3283 If the expansion fails, the result is an empty string. A name |
| 4869 | 3284 for a non-existing file is not included, unless {expr} does |
| 3285 not start with '%', '#' or '<', see below. | |
| 7 | 3286 |
| 3287 When {expr} starts with '%', '#' or '<', the expansion is done | |
| 3288 like for the |cmdline-special| variables with their associated | |
| 3289 modifiers. Here is a short overview: | |
| 3290 | |
| 3291 % current file name | |
| 3292 # alternate file name | |
| 3293 #n alternate file name n | |
| 3294 <cfile> file name under the cursor | |
| 3295 <afile> autocmd file name | |
| 3296 <abuf> autocmd buffer number (as a String!) | |
| 3297 <amatch> autocmd matched name | |
| 5734 | 3298 <sfile> sourced script file or function name |
| 2662 | 3299 <slnum> sourced script file line number |
| 7 | 3300 <cword> word under the cursor |
| 3301 <cWORD> WORD under the cursor | |
| 3302 <client> the {clientid} of the last received | |
| 3303 message |server2client()| | |
| 3304 Modifiers: | |
| 3305 :p expand to full path | |
| 3306 :h head (last path component removed) | |
| 3307 :t tail (last path component only) | |
| 3308 :r root (one extension removed) | |
| 3309 :e extension only | |
| 3310 | |
| 3311 Example: > | |
| 3312 :let &tags = expand("%:p:h") . "/tags" | |
| 3313 < Note that when expanding a string that starts with '%', '#' or | |
| 3314 '<', any following text is ignored. This does NOT work: > | |
| 3315 :let doesntwork = expand("%:h.bak") | |
| 3316 < Use this: > | |
| 3317 :let doeswork = expand("%:h") . ".bak" | |
| 3318 < Also note that expanding "<cfile>" and others only returns the | |
| 3319 referenced file name without further expansion. If "<cfile>" | |
| 3320 is "~/.cshrc", you need to do another expand() to have the | |
| 3321 "~/" expanded into the path of the home directory: > | |
| 3322 :echo expand(expand("<cfile>")) | |
| 3323 < | |
| 3324 There cannot be white space between the variables and the | |
| 3325 following modifier. The |fnamemodify()| function can be used | |
| 3326 to modify normal file names. | |
| 3327 | |
| 3328 When using '%' or '#', and the current or alternate file name | |
| 3329 is not defined, an empty string is used. Using "%:p" in a | |
| 3330 buffer with no name, results in the current directory, with a | |
| 3331 '/' added. | |
| 3332 | |
| 3333 When {expr} does not start with '%', '#' or '<', it is | |
| 3334 expanded like a file name is expanded on the command line. | |
| 3335 'suffixes' and 'wildignore' are used, unless the optional | |
| 3398 | 3336 {nosuf} argument is given and it is non-zero. |
| 3337 Names for non-existing files are included. The "**" item can | |
| 3338 be used to search in a directory tree. For example, to find | |
| 3339 all "README" files in the current directory and below: > | |
| 444 | 3340 :echo expand("**/README") |
| 3341 < | |
| 7 | 3342 Expand() can also be used to expand variables and environment |
| 3343 variables that are only known in a shell. But this can be | |
| 6180 | 3344 slow, because a shell may be used to do the expansion. See |
| 3345 |expr-env-expand|. | |
| 7 | 3346 The expanded variable is still handled like a list of file |
| 1621 | 3347 names. When an environment variable cannot be expanded, it is |
| 7 | 3348 left unchanged. Thus ":echo expand('$FOOBAR')" results in |
| 3349 "$FOOBAR". | |
| 3350 | |
| 3351 See |glob()| for finding existing files. See |system()| for | |
| 3352 getting the raw output of an external command. | |
| 3353 | |
| 102 | 3354 extend({expr1}, {expr2} [, {expr3}]) *extend()* |
| 692 | 3355 {expr1} and {expr2} must be both |Lists| or both |
| 3356 |Dictionaries|. | |
| 3357 | |
| 3358 If they are |Lists|: Append {expr2} to {expr1}. | |
| 102 | 3359 If {expr3} is given insert the items of {expr2} before item |
| 3360 {expr3} in {expr1}. When {expr3} is zero insert before the | |
| 3361 first item. When {expr3} is equal to len({expr1}) then | |
| 3362 {expr2} is appended. | |
| 79 | 3363 Examples: > |
| 3364 :echo sort(extend(mylist, [7, 5])) | |
| 3365 :call extend(mylist, [2, 3], 1) | |
| 1699 | 3366 < When {expr1} is the same List as {expr2} then the number of |
| 3367 items copied is equal to the original length of the List. | |
| 3368 E.g., when {expr3} is 1 you get N new copies of the first item | |
| 3369 (where N is the original length of the List). | |
| 3370 Use |add()| to concatenate one item to a list. To concatenate | |
| 82 | 3371 two lists into a new list use the + operator: > |
| 79 | 3372 :let newlist = [1, 2, 3] + [4, 5] |
| 102 | 3373 < |
| 692 | 3374 If they are |Dictionaries|: |
| 102 | 3375 Add all entries from {expr2} to {expr1}. |
| 3376 If a key exists in both {expr1} and {expr2} then {expr3} is | |
| 3377 used to decide what to do: | |
| 3378 {expr3} = "keep": keep the value of {expr1} | |
| 3379 {expr3} = "force": use the value of {expr2} | |
| 856 | 3380 {expr3} = "error": give an error message *E737* |
| 102 | 3381 When {expr3} is omitted then "force" is assumed. |
| 3382 | |
| 3383 {expr1} is changed when {expr2} is not empty. If necessary | |
| 3384 make a copy of {expr1} first. | |
| 3385 {expr2} remains unchanged. | |
| 6823 | 3386 When {expr1} is locked and {expr2} is not empty the operation |
| 3387 fails. | |
| 102 | 3388 Returns {expr1}. |
| 3389 | |
| 79 | 3390 |
| 842 | 3391 feedkeys({string} [, {mode}]) *feedkeys()* |
| 3392 Characters in {string} are queued for processing as if they | |
| 6549 | 3393 come from a mapping or were typed by the user. |
| 3394 By default the string is added to the end of the typeahead | |
| 3395 buffer, thus if a mapping is still being executed the | |
| 3396 characters come after them. Use the 'i' flag to insert before | |
| 3397 other characters, they will be executed next, before any | |
| 3398 characters from a mapping. | |
| 842 | 3399 The function does not wait for processing of keys contained in |
| 3400 {string}. | |
| 3401 To include special keys into {string}, use double-quotes | |
| 3402 and "\..." notation |expr-quote|. For example, | |
| 1215 | 3403 feedkeys("\<CR>") simulates pressing of the <Enter> key. But |
| 842 | 3404 feedkeys('\<CR>') pushes 5 characters. |
| 3405 If {mode} is absent, keys are remapped. | |
| 3406 {mode} is a String, which can contain these character flags: | |
| 843 | 3407 'm' Remap keys. This is default. |
| 3408 'n' Do not remap keys. | |
| 3409 't' Handle keys as if typed; otherwise they are handled as | |
| 3410 if coming from a mapping. This matters for undo, | |
| 3411 opening folds, etc. | |
| 6549 | 3412 'i' Insert the string instead of appending (see above). |
|
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39251e981d1f
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parents:
7659
diff
changeset
|
3413 'x' Execute commands until typeahead is empty. This is |
|
39251e981d1f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/25281634cda03ce302aaf9f906a9520b5f81f91e
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7659
diff
changeset
|
3414 similar to using ":normal!". You can call feedkeys() |
|
39251e981d1f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/25281634cda03ce302aaf9f906a9520b5f81f91e
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7659
diff
changeset
|
3415 several times without 'x' and then one time with 'x' |
|
39251e981d1f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/25281634cda03ce302aaf9f906a9520b5f81f91e
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7659
diff
changeset
|
3416 (possibly with an empty {string}) to execute all the |
|
8876
47f17f66da3d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/03413f44167c4b5cd0012def9bb331e2518c83cf
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8831
diff
changeset
|
3417 typeahead. Note that when Vim ends in Insert mode it |
|
47f17f66da3d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/03413f44167c4b5cd0012def9bb331e2518c83cf
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8831
diff
changeset
|
3418 will behave as if <Esc> is typed, to avoid getting |
|
47f17f66da3d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/03413f44167c4b5cd0012def9bb331e2518c83cf
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8831
diff
changeset
|
3419 stuck, waiting for a character to be typed before the |
|
47f17f66da3d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/03413f44167c4b5cd0012def9bb331e2518c83cf
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8831
diff
changeset
|
3420 script continues. |
| 842 | 3421 Return value is always 0. |
| 3422 | |
| 7 | 3423 filereadable({file}) *filereadable()* |
| 3424 The result is a Number, which is TRUE when a file with the | |
| 3425 name {file} exists, and can be read. If {file} doesn't exist, | |
| 3426 or is a directory, the result is FALSE. {file} is any | |
| 3427 expression, which is used as a String. | |
| 1156 | 3428 If you don't care about the file being readable you can use |
| 3429 |glob()|. | |
| 7 | 3430 *file_readable()* |
| 3431 Obsolete name: file_readable(). | |
| 3432 | |
| 95 | 3433 |
| 1156 | 3434 filewritable({file}) *filewritable()* |
| 3435 The result is a Number, which is 1 when a file with the | |
| 3436 name {file} exists, and can be written. If {file} doesn't | |
| 1621 | 3437 exist, or is not writable, the result is 0. If {file} is a |
| 1156 | 3438 directory, and we can write to it, the result is 2. |
| 3439 | |
| 3440 | |
| 102 | 3441 filter({expr}, {string}) *filter()* |
| 685 | 3442 {expr} must be a |List| or a |Dictionary|. |
| 102 | 3443 For each item in {expr} evaluate {string} and when the result |
| 685 | 3444 is zero remove the item from the |List| or |Dictionary|. |
| 102 | 3445 Inside {string} |v:val| has the value of the current item. |
| 685 | 3446 For a |Dictionary| |v:key| has the key of the current item. |
| 102 | 3447 Examples: > |
| 3448 :call filter(mylist, 'v:val !~ "OLD"') | |
| 3449 < Removes the items where "OLD" appears. > | |
| 3450 :call filter(mydict, 'v:key >= 8') | |
| 3451 < Removes the items with a key below 8. > | |
| 3452 :call filter(var, 0) | |
| 685 | 3453 < Removes all the items, thus clears the |List| or |Dictionary|. |
| 99 | 3454 |
| 102 | 3455 Note that {string} is the result of expression and is then |
| 3456 used as an expression again. Often it is good to use a | |
| 3457 |literal-string| to avoid having to double backslashes. | |
| 3458 | |
| 685 | 3459 The operation is done in-place. If you want a |List| or |
| 3460 |Dictionary| to remain unmodified make a copy first: > | |
| 650 | 3461 :let l = filter(copy(mylist), 'v:val =~ "KEEP"') |
| 102 | 3462 |
| 685 | 3463 < Returns {expr}, the |List| or |Dictionary| that was filtered. |
| 648 | 3464 When an error is encountered while evaluating {string} no |
| 3465 further items in {expr} are processed. | |
| 95 | 3466 |
| 3467 | |
| 19 | 3468 finddir({name}[, {path}[, {count}]]) *finddir()* |
| 1095 | 3469 Find directory {name} in {path}. Supports both downwards and |
| 3470 upwards recursive directory searches. See |file-searching| | |
| 3471 for the syntax of {path}. | |
| 3472 Returns the path of the first found match. When the found | |
| 3473 directory is below the current directory a relative path is | |
| 3474 returned. Otherwise a full path is returned. | |
| 19 | 3475 If {path} is omitted or empty then 'path' is used. |
| 3476 If the optional {count} is given, find {count}'s occurrence of | |
| 794 | 3477 {name} in {path} instead of the first one. |
| 809 | 3478 When {count} is negative return all the matches in a |List|. |
| 19 | 3479 This is quite similar to the ex-command |:find|. |
|
2570
71b56b4e7785
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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2569
diff
changeset
|
3480 {only available when compiled with the |+file_in_path| |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3481 feature} |
| 794 | 3482 |
| 3483 findfile({name}[, {path}[, {count}]]) *findfile()* | |
| 3484 Just like |finddir()|, but find a file instead of a directory. | |
| 3485 Uses 'suffixesadd'. | |
| 19 | 3486 Example: > |
| 3487 :echo findfile("tags.vim", ".;") | |
| 1156 | 3488 < Searches from the directory of the current file upwards until |
| 3489 it finds the file "tags.vim". | |
| 7 | 3490 |
| 1621 | 3491 float2nr({expr}) *float2nr()* |
| 3492 Convert {expr} to a Number by omitting the part after the | |
| 3493 decimal point. | |
| 3494 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a Number. | |
| 3495 When the value of {expr} is out of range for a |Number| the | |
| 3496 result is truncated to 0x7fffffff or -0x7fffffff. NaN results | |
| 3497 in -0x80000000. | |
| 3498 Examples: > | |
| 3499 echo float2nr(3.95) | |
| 3500 < 3 > | |
| 3501 echo float2nr(-23.45) | |
| 3502 < -23 > | |
| 3503 echo float2nr(1.0e100) | |
| 3504 < 2147483647 > | |
| 3505 echo float2nr(-1.0e150) | |
| 3506 < -2147483647 > | |
| 3507 echo float2nr(1.0e-100) | |
| 3508 < 0 | |
| 3509 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 3510 | |
| 3511 | |
| 3512 floor({expr}) *floor()* | |
| 3513 Return the largest integral value less than or equal to | |
| 3514 {expr} as a |Float| (round down). | |
| 3515 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 3516 Examples: > | |
| 3517 echo floor(1.856) | |
| 3518 < 1.0 > | |
| 3519 echo floor(-5.456) | |
| 3520 < -6.0 > | |
| 3521 echo floor(4.0) | |
| 3522 < 4.0 | |
| 3523 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 3524 | |
|
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3525 |
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3526 fmod({expr1}, {expr2}) *fmod()* |
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3527 Return the remainder of {expr1} / {expr2}, even if the |
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3528 division is not representable. Returns {expr1} - i * {expr2} |
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3529 for some integer i such that if {expr2} is non-zero, the |
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3530 result has the same sign as {expr1} and magnitude less than |
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3531 the magnitude of {expr2}. If {expr2} is zero, the value |
|
2337
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3532 returned is zero. The value returned is a |Float|. |
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|
3533 {expr1} and {expr2} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. |
|
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3534 Examples: > |
|
a8afba7027ae
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|
3535 :echo fmod(12.33, 1.22) |
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|
3536 < 0.13 > |
|
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|
3537 :echo fmod(-12.33, 1.22) |
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|
3538 < -0.13 |
|
2570
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2569
diff
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|
3539 {only available when compiled with |+float| feature} |
|
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parents:
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|
3540 |
|
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|
3541 |
| 1586 | 3542 fnameescape({string}) *fnameescape()* |
| 1621 | 3543 Escape {string} for use as file name command argument. All |
| 1586 | 3544 characters that have a special meaning, such as '%' and '|' |
| 3545 are escaped with a backslash. | |
| 1621 | 3546 For most systems the characters escaped are |
| 3547 " \t\n*?[{`$\\%#'\"|!<". For systems where a backslash | |
| 3548 appears in a filename, it depends on the value of 'isfname'. | |
| 1700 | 3549 A leading '+' and '>' is also escaped (special after |:edit| |
| 3550 and |:write|). And a "-" by itself (special after |:cd|). | |
| 1586 | 3551 Example: > |
| 1700 | 3552 :let fname = '+some str%nge|name' |
| 1586 | 3553 :exe "edit " . fnameescape(fname) |
| 3554 < results in executing: > | |
| 1700 | 3555 edit \+some\ str\%nge\|name |
| 1586 | 3556 |
| 7 | 3557 fnamemodify({fname}, {mods}) *fnamemodify()* |
| 3558 Modify file name {fname} according to {mods}. {mods} is a | |
| 3559 string of characters like it is used for file names on the | |
| 3560 command line. See |filename-modifiers|. | |
| 3561 Example: > | |
| 3562 :echo fnamemodify("main.c", ":p:h") | |
| 3563 < results in: > | |
| 3564 /home/mool/vim/vim/src | |
| 1621 | 3565 < Note: Environment variables don't work in {fname}, use |
| 7 | 3566 |expand()| first then. |
| 3567 | |
| 3568 foldclosed({lnum}) *foldclosed()* | |
| 3569 The result is a Number. If the line {lnum} is in a closed | |
| 3570 fold, the result is the number of the first line in that fold. | |
| 3571 If the line {lnum} is not in a closed fold, -1 is returned. | |
| 3572 | |
| 3573 foldclosedend({lnum}) *foldclosedend()* | |
| 3574 The result is a Number. If the line {lnum} is in a closed | |
| 3575 fold, the result is the number of the last line in that fold. | |
| 3576 If the line {lnum} is not in a closed fold, -1 is returned. | |
| 3577 | |
| 3578 foldlevel({lnum}) *foldlevel()* | |
| 3579 The result is a Number, which is the foldlevel of line {lnum} | |
| 1621 | 3580 in the current buffer. For nested folds the deepest level is |
| 7 | 3581 returned. If there is no fold at line {lnum}, zero is |
| 3582 returned. It doesn't matter if the folds are open or closed. | |
| 3583 When used while updating folds (from 'foldexpr') -1 is | |
| 3584 returned for lines where folds are still to be updated and the | |
| 3585 foldlevel is unknown. As a special case the level of the | |
| 3586 previous line is usually available. | |
| 3587 | |
| 3588 *foldtext()* | |
| 3589 foldtext() Returns a String, to be displayed for a closed fold. This is | |
| 3590 the default function used for the 'foldtext' option and should | |
| 3591 only be called from evaluating 'foldtext'. It uses the | |
| 3592 |v:foldstart|, |v:foldend| and |v:folddashes| variables. | |
| 3593 The returned string looks like this: > | |
| 3594 +-- 45 lines: abcdef | |
| 1621 | 3595 < The number of dashes depends on the foldlevel. The "45" is |
| 7 | 3596 the number of lines in the fold. "abcdef" is the text in the |
| 3597 first non-blank line of the fold. Leading white space, "//" | |
| 3598 or "/*" and the text from the 'foldmarker' and 'commentstring' | |
| 3599 options is removed. | |
| 3600 {not available when compiled without the |+folding| feature} | |
| 3601 | |
| 29 | 3602 foldtextresult({lnum}) *foldtextresult()* |
| 3603 Returns the text that is displayed for the closed fold at line | |
| 3604 {lnum}. Evaluates 'foldtext' in the appropriate context. | |
| 3605 When there is no closed fold at {lnum} an empty string is | |
| 3606 returned. | |
| 3607 {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. Thus "." is the current | |
| 3608 line, "'m" mark m, etc. | |
| 3609 Useful when exporting folded text, e.g., to HTML. | |
| 3610 {not available when compiled without the |+folding| feature} | |
| 3611 | |
| 7 | 3612 *foreground()* |
| 1621 | 3613 foreground() Move the Vim window to the foreground. Useful when sent from |
| 7 | 3614 a client to a Vim server. |remote_send()| |
| 3615 On Win32 systems this might not work, the OS does not always | |
| 3616 allow a window to bring itself to the foreground. Use | |
| 3617 |remote_foreground()| instead. | |
| 3618 {only in the Win32, Athena, Motif and GTK GUI versions and the | |
| 3619 Win32 console version} | |
| 3620 | |
| 82 | 3621 |
|
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diff
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|
3622 *function()* *E700* *E922* *E923* |
|
c337c813c64d
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diff
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|
3623 function({name} [, {arglist}] [, {dict}]) |
| 685 | 3624 Return a |Funcref| variable that refers to function {name}. |
|
8577
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8538
diff
changeset
|
3625 {name} can be the name of a user defined function or an |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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diff
changeset
|
3626 internal function. |
|
63dc856bd13d
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3627 |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
3628 {name} can also be a Funcref, also a partial. When it is a |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
3629 partial the dict stored in it will be used and the {dict} |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
3630 argument is not allowed. E.g.: > |
|
63dc856bd13d
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
3631 let FuncWithArg = function(dict.Func, [arg]) |
|
63dc856bd13d
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8538
diff
changeset
|
3632 let Broken = function(dict.Func, [arg], dict) |
|
63dc856bd13d
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
3633 < |
|
8538
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
3634 When {arglist} or {dict} is present this creates a partial. |
|
c337c813c64d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/1735bc988c546cc962c5f94792815b4d7cb79710
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parents:
8536
diff
changeset
|
3635 That mans the argument list and/or the dictionary is stored in |
|
c337c813c64d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/1735bc988c546cc962c5f94792815b4d7cb79710
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parents:
8536
diff
changeset
|
3636 the Funcref and will be used when the Funcref is called. |
|
c337c813c64d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/1735bc988c546cc962c5f94792815b4d7cb79710
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8536
diff
changeset
|
3637 |
|
c337c813c64d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/1735bc988c546cc962c5f94792815b4d7cb79710
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parents:
8536
diff
changeset
|
3638 The arguments are passed to the function in front of other |
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3639 arguments. Example: > |
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3640 func Callback(arg1, arg2, name) |
|
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3641 ... |
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3642 let Func = function('Callback', ['one', 'two']) |
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3643 ... |
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3644 call Func('name') |
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3645 < Invokes the function as with: > |
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3646 call Callback('one', 'two', 'name') |
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3647 |
|
8669
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3648 < The function() call can be nested to add more arguments to the |
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3649 Funcref. The extra arguments are appended to the list of |
|
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3650 arguments. Example: > |
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3651 func Callback(arg1, arg2, name) |
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3652 ... |
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3653 let Func = function('Callback', ['one']) |
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3654 let Func2 = function(Func, ['two']) |
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3655 ... |
|
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3656 call Func2('name') |
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3657 < Invokes the function as with: > |
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3658 call Callback('one', 'two', 'name') |
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3659 |
|
8538
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3660 < The Dictionary is only useful when calling a "dict" function. |
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3661 In that case the {dict} is passed in as "self". Example: > |
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3662 function Callback() dict |
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3663 echo "called for " . self.name |
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3664 endfunction |
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3665 ... |
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3666 let context = {"name": "example"} |
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3667 let Func = function('Callback', context) |
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3668 ... |
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3669 call Func() " will echo: called for example |
|
8577
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3670 < The use of function() is not needed when there are no extra |
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3671 arguments, these two are equivalent: > |
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3672 let Func = function('Callback', context) |
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3673 let Func = context.Callback |
|
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3674 |
|
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3675 < The argument list and the Dictionary can be combined: > |
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3676 function Callback(arg1, count) dict |
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3677 ... |
|
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3678 let context = {"name": "example"} |
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3679 let Func = function('Callback', ['one'], context) |
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3680 ... |
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3681 call Func(500) |
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3682 < Invokes the function as with: > |
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3683 call context.Callback('one', 500) |
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3684 |
| 82 | 3685 |
| 3224 | 3686 garbagecollect([{atexit}]) *garbagecollect()* |
|
8881
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3687 Cleanup unused |Lists|, |Dictionaries|, |Channels| and |Jobs| |
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3688 that have circular references. |
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3689 |
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3690 There is hardly ever a need to invoke this function, as it is |
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3691 automatically done when Vim runs out of memory or is waiting |
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3692 for the user to press a key after 'updatetime'. Items without |
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3693 circular references are always freed when they become unused. |
| 685 | 3694 This is useful if you have deleted a very big |List| and/or |
| 3695 |Dictionary| with circular references in a script that runs | |
| 3696 for a long time. | |
|
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3697 |
| 3224 | 3698 When the optional {atexit} argument is one, garbage |
| 1405 | 3699 collection will also be done when exiting Vim, if it wasn't |
| 3700 done before. This is useful when checking for memory leaks. | |
| 370 | 3701 |
|
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3702 garbagecollect_for_testing() *garbagecollect_for_testing()* |
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3703 Like garbagecollect(), but executed right away. This must |
|
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3704 only be called directly to avoid any structure to exist |
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3705 internally, and |v:testing| must have been set before calling |
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3706 any function. |
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3707 |
| 140 | 3708 get({list}, {idx} [, {default}]) *get()* |
| 685 | 3709 Get item {idx} from |List| {list}. When this item is not |
| 82 | 3710 available return {default}. Return zero when {default} is |
| 3711 omitted. | |
| 102 | 3712 get({dict}, {key} [, {default}]) |
| 685 | 3713 Get item with key {key} from |Dictionary| {dict}. When this |
| 102 | 3714 item is not available return {default}. Return zero when |
| 3715 {default} is omitted. | |
| 3716 | |
| 435 | 3717 *getbufline()* |
| 3718 getbufline({expr}, {lnum} [, {end}]) | |
| 685 | 3719 Return a |List| with the lines starting from {lnum} to {end} |
| 3720 (inclusive) in the buffer {expr}. If {end} is omitted, a | |
| 3721 |List| with only the line {lnum} is returned. | |
| 435 | 3722 |
| 3723 For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. | |
| 3724 | |
| 448 | 3725 For {lnum} and {end} "$" can be used for the last line of the |
| 3726 buffer. Otherwise a number must be used. | |
| 435 | 3727 |
| 3728 When {lnum} is smaller than 1 or bigger than the number of | |
| 685 | 3729 lines in the buffer, an empty |List| is returned. |
| 435 | 3730 |
| 3731 When {end} is greater than the number of lines in the buffer, | |
| 3732 it is treated as {end} is set to the number of lines in the | |
| 685 | 3733 buffer. When {end} is before {lnum} an empty |List| is |
| 435 | 3734 returned. |
| 3735 | |
| 448 | 3736 This function works only for loaded buffers. For unloaded and |
| 685 | 3737 non-existing buffers, an empty |List| is returned. |
| 435 | 3738 |
| 3739 Example: > | |
| 3740 :let lines = getbufline(bufnr("myfile"), 1, "$") | |
| 82 | 3741 |
| 4157 | 3742 getbufvar({expr}, {varname} [, {def}]) *getbufvar()* |
| 82 | 3743 The result is the value of option or local buffer variable |
| 3744 {varname} in buffer {expr}. Note that the name without "b:" | |
| 3745 must be used. | |
| 1668 | 3746 When {varname} is empty returns a dictionary with all the |
| 3747 buffer-local variables. | |
| 216 | 3748 This also works for a global or buffer-local option, but it |
| 3749 doesn't work for a global variable, window-local variable or | |
| 3750 window-local option. | |
| 82 | 3751 For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. |
| 4157 | 3752 When the buffer or variable doesn't exist {def} or an empty |
| 3753 string is returned, there is no error message. | |
| 82 | 3754 Examples: > |
| 3755 :let bufmodified = getbufvar(1, "&mod") | |
| 3756 :echo "todo myvar = " . getbufvar("todo", "myvar") | |
| 3757 < | |
| 7 | 3758 getchar([expr]) *getchar()* |
| 867 | 3759 Get a single character from the user or input stream. |
| 7 | 3760 If [expr] is omitted, wait until a character is available. |
| 3761 If [expr] is 0, only get a character when one is available. | |
| 867 | 3762 Return zero otherwise. |
| 7 | 3763 If [expr] is 1, only check if a character is available, it is |
| 867 | 3764 not consumed. Return zero if no character available. |
| 3765 | |
| 5555 | 3766 Without [expr] and when [expr] is 0 a whole character or |
| 867 | 3767 special key is returned. If it is an 8-bit character, the |
| 3768 result is a number. Use nr2char() to convert it to a String. | |
| 3769 Otherwise a String is returned with the encoded character. | |
| 3770 For a special key it's a sequence of bytes starting with 0x80 | |
| 872 | 3771 (decimal: 128). This is the same value as the string |
| 3772 "\<Key>", e.g., "\<Left>". The returned value is also a | |
| 3773 String when a modifier (shift, control, alt) was used that is | |
| 3774 not included in the character. | |
| 867 | 3775 |
| 5968 | 3776 When [expr] is 0 and Esc is typed, there will be a short delay |
| 3777 while Vim waits to see if this is the start of an escape | |
| 3778 sequence. | |
| 3779 | |
| 5555 | 3780 When [expr] is 1 only the first byte is returned. For a |
| 872 | 3781 one-byte character it is the character itself as a number. |
| 3782 Use nr2char() to convert it to a String. | |
| 867 | 3783 |
| 3224 | 3784 Use getcharmod() to obtain any additional modifiers. |
| 3785 | |
| 1029 | 3786 When the user clicks a mouse button, the mouse event will be |
| 3787 returned. The position can then be found in |v:mouse_col|, | |
| 3788 |v:mouse_lnum| and |v:mouse_win|. This example positions the | |
| 3789 mouse as it would normally happen: > | |
| 3790 let c = getchar() | |
| 1621 | 3791 if c == "\<LeftMouse>" && v:mouse_win > 0 |
| 1029 | 3792 exe v:mouse_win . "wincmd w" |
| 3793 exe v:mouse_lnum | |
| 3794 exe "normal " . v:mouse_col . "|" | |
| 3795 endif | |
| 3796 < | |
| 7 | 3797 There is no prompt, you will somehow have to make clear to the |
| 3798 user that a character has to be typed. | |
| 3799 There is no mapping for the character. | |
| 3800 Key codes are replaced, thus when the user presses the <Del> | |
| 3801 key you get the code for the <Del> key, not the raw character | |
| 3802 sequence. Examples: > | |
| 3803 getchar() == "\<Del>" | |
| 3804 getchar() == "\<S-Left>" | |
| 3805 < This example redefines "f" to ignore case: > | |
| 3806 :nmap f :call FindChar()<CR> | |
| 3807 :function FindChar() | |
| 3808 : let c = nr2char(getchar()) | |
| 3809 : while col('.') < col('$') - 1 | |
| 3810 : normal l | |
| 3811 : if getline('.')[col('.') - 1] ==? c | |
| 3812 : break | |
| 3813 : endif | |
| 3814 : endwhile | |
| 3815 :endfunction | |
| 6421 | 3816 < |
| 6647 | 3817 You may also receive synthetic characters, such as |
| 6421 | 3818 |<CursorHold>|. Often you will want to ignore this and get |
| 3819 another character: > | |
| 3820 :function GetKey() | |
| 3821 : let c = getchar() | |
| 3822 : while c == "\<CursorHold>" | |
| 3823 : let c = getchar() | |
| 3824 : endwhile | |
| 3825 : return c | |
| 3826 :endfunction | |
| 7 | 3827 |
| 3828 getcharmod() *getcharmod()* | |
| 3829 The result is a Number which is the state of the modifiers for | |
| 3830 the last obtained character with getchar() or in another way. | |
| 3831 These values are added together: | |
| 3832 2 shift | |
| 3833 4 control | |
| 3834 8 alt (meta) | |
| 3224 | 3835 16 meta (when it's different from ALT) |
| 3836 32 mouse double click | |
| 3837 64 mouse triple click | |
| 3838 96 mouse quadruple click (== 32 + 64) | |
| 3839 128 command (Macintosh only) | |
| 7 | 3840 Only the modifiers that have not been included in the |
| 1621 | 3841 character itself are obtained. Thus Shift-a results in "A" |
|
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3842 without a modifier. |
| 7 | 3843 |
| 6991 | 3844 getcharsearch() *getcharsearch()* |
| 3845 Return the current character search information as a {dict} | |
| 3846 with the following entries: | |
| 3847 | |
| 3848 char character previously used for a character | |
| 3849 search (|t|, |f|, |T|, or |F|); empty string | |
| 3850 if no character search has been performed | |
| 3851 forward direction of character search; 1 for forward, | |
| 3852 0 for backward | |
| 3853 until type of character search; 1 for a |t| or |T| | |
| 3854 character search, 0 for an |f| or |F| | |
| 3855 character search | |
| 3856 | |
| 3857 This can be useful to always have |;| and |,| search | |
| 3858 forward/backward regardless of the direction of the previous | |
| 3859 character search: > | |
| 3860 :nnoremap <expr> ; getcharsearch().forward ? ';' : ',' | |
| 3861 :nnoremap <expr> , getcharsearch().forward ? ',' : ';' | |
| 3862 < Also see |setcharsearch()|. | |
| 3863 | |
| 7 | 3864 getcmdline() *getcmdline()* |
| 3865 Return the current command-line. Only works when the command | |
| 3866 line is being edited, thus requires use of |c_CTRL-\_e| or | |
| 3867 |c_CTRL-R_=|. | |
| 3868 Example: > | |
| 3869 :cmap <F7> <C-\>eescape(getcmdline(), ' \')<CR> | |
| 531 | 3870 < Also see |getcmdtype()|, |getcmdpos()| and |setcmdpos()|. |
| 7 | 3871 |
| 95 | 3872 getcmdpos() *getcmdpos()* |
| 7 | 3873 Return the position of the cursor in the command line as a |
| 3874 byte count. The first column is 1. | |
| 3875 Only works when editing the command line, thus requires use of | |
| 3456 | 3876 |c_CTRL-\_e| or |c_CTRL-R_=| or an expression mapping. |
| 3877 Returns 0 otherwise. | |
| 531 | 3878 Also see |getcmdtype()|, |setcmdpos()| and |getcmdline()|. |
| 3879 | |
| 3880 getcmdtype() *getcmdtype()* | |
| 3881 Return the current command-line type. Possible return values | |
| 3882 are: | |
| 532 | 3883 : normal Ex command |
| 3884 > debug mode command |debug-mode| | |
| 3885 / forward search command | |
| 3886 ? backward search command | |
| 3887 @ |input()| command | |
| 3888 - |:insert| or |:append| command | |
| 6213 | 3889 = |i_CTRL-R_=| |
| 531 | 3890 Only works when editing the command line, thus requires use of |
| 3456 | 3891 |c_CTRL-\_e| or |c_CTRL-R_=| or an expression mapping. |
| 3892 Returns an empty string otherwise. | |
| 531 | 3893 Also see |getcmdpos()|, |setcmdpos()| and |getcmdline()|. |
| 7 | 3894 |
| 6153 | 3895 getcmdwintype() *getcmdwintype()* |
| 3896 Return the current |command-line-window| type. Possible return | |
| 3897 values are the same as |getcmdtype()|. Returns an empty string | |
| 3898 when not in the command-line window. | |
| 3899 | |
| 5944 | 3900 *getcurpos()* |
| 3901 getcurpos() Get the position of the cursor. This is like getpos('.'), but | |
| 3902 includes an extra item in the list: | |
|
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3903 [bufnum, lnum, col, off, curswant] ~ |
| 5944 | 3904 The "curswant" number is the preferred column when moving the |
| 3905 cursor vertically. | |
| 3906 This can be used to save and restore the cursor position: > | |
| 3907 let save_cursor = getcurpos() | |
| 3908 MoveTheCursorAround | |
| 3909 call setpos('.', save_cursor) | |
| 6153 | 3910 < |
| 7 | 3911 *getcwd()* |
|
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3912 getcwd([{winnr} [, {tabnr}]]) |
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3913 The result is a String, which is the name of the current |
| 7 | 3914 working directory. |
|
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3915 Without arguments, for the current window. |
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3916 |
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3917 With {winnr} return the local current directory of this window |
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3918 in the current tab page. |
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3919 With {winnr} and {tabnr} return the local current directory of |
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3920 the window in the specified tab page. |
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3921 Return an empty string if the arguments are invalid. |
| 7 | 3922 |
| 3923 getfsize({fname}) *getfsize()* | |
| 3924 The result is a Number, which is the size in bytes of the | |
| 3925 given file {fname}. | |
| 3926 If {fname} is a directory, 0 is returned. | |
| 3927 If the file {fname} can't be found, -1 is returned. | |
| 1293 | 3928 If the size of {fname} is too big to fit in a Number then -2 |
| 3929 is returned. | |
| 7 | 3930 |
| 37 | 3931 getfontname([{name}]) *getfontname()* |
| 3932 Without an argument returns the name of the normal font being | |
| 3933 used. Like what is used for the Normal highlight group | |
| 3934 |hl-Normal|. | |
| 3935 With an argument a check is done whether {name} is a valid | |
| 3936 font name. If not then an empty string is returned. | |
| 3937 Otherwise the actual font name is returned, or {name} if the | |
| 3938 GUI does not support obtaining the real name. | |
| 824 | 3939 Only works when the GUI is running, thus not in your vimrc or |
| 819 | 3940 gvimrc file. Use the |GUIEnter| autocommand to use this |
| 3941 function just after the GUI has started. | |
| 37 | 3942 Note that the GTK 2 GUI accepts any font name, thus checking |
| 3943 for a valid name does not work. | |
| 3944 | |
| 20 | 3945 getfperm({fname}) *getfperm()* |
| 3946 The result is a String, which is the read, write, and execute | |
| 3947 permissions of the given file {fname}. | |
| 3948 If {fname} does not exist or its directory cannot be read, an | |
| 3949 empty string is returned. | |
| 3950 The result is of the form "rwxrwxrwx", where each group of | |
| 3951 "rwx" flags represent, in turn, the permissions of the owner | |
| 3952 of the file, the group the file belongs to, and other users. | |
| 3953 If a user does not have a given permission the flag for this | |
| 3750 | 3954 is replaced with the string "-". Examples: > |
| 20 | 3955 :echo getfperm("/etc/passwd") |
| 3750 | 3956 :echo getfperm(expand("~/.vimrc")) |
| 20 | 3957 < This will hopefully (from a security point of view) display |
| 3958 the string "rw-r--r--" or even "rw-------". | |
| 205 | 3959 |
|
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3960 For setting permissins use |setfperm()|. |
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3961 |
| 7 | 3962 getftime({fname}) *getftime()* |
| 3963 The result is a Number, which is the last modification time of | |
| 3964 the given file {fname}. The value is measured as seconds | |
| 3965 since 1st Jan 1970, and may be passed to strftime(). See also | |
| 3966 |localtime()| and |strftime()|. | |
| 3967 If the file {fname} can't be found -1 is returned. | |
| 3968 | |
| 20 | 3969 getftype({fname}) *getftype()* |
| 3970 The result is a String, which is a description of the kind of | |
| 3971 file of the given file {fname}. | |
| 3972 If {fname} does not exist an empty string is returned. | |
| 3973 Here is a table over different kinds of files and their | |
| 3974 results: | |
| 3975 Normal file "file" | |
| 3976 Directory "dir" | |
| 3977 Symbolic link "link" | |
| 3978 Block device "bdev" | |
| 3979 Character device "cdev" | |
| 3980 Socket "socket" | |
| 3981 FIFO "fifo" | |
| 3982 All other "other" | |
| 3983 Example: > | |
| 3984 getftype("/home") | |
| 3985 < Note that a type such as "link" will only be returned on | |
| 3986 systems that support it. On some systems only "dir" and | |
|
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3987 "file" are returned. On MS-Windows a symbolic link to a |
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|
3988 directory returns "dir" instead of "link". |
| 20 | 3989 |
| 7 | 3990 *getline()* |
| 82 | 3991 getline({lnum} [, {end}]) |
| 3992 Without {end} the result is a String, which is line {lnum} | |
| 3993 from the current buffer. Example: > | |
| 7 | 3994 getline(1) |
| 3995 < When {lnum} is a String that doesn't start with a | |
| 3996 digit, line() is called to translate the String into a Number. | |
| 3997 To get the line under the cursor: > | |
| 3998 getline(".") | |
| 3999 < When {lnum} is smaller than 1 or bigger than the number of | |
| 4000 lines in the buffer, an empty string is returned. | |
| 4001 | |
| 685 | 4002 When {end} is given the result is a |List| where each item is |
| 4003 a line from the current buffer in the range {lnum} to {end}, | |
| 82 | 4004 including line {end}. |
| 4005 {end} is used in the same way as {lnum}. | |
| 4006 Non-existing lines are silently omitted. | |
| 685 | 4007 When {end} is before {lnum} an empty |List| is returned. |
| 82 | 4008 Example: > |
| 4009 :let start = line('.') | |
| 4010 :let end = search("^$") - 1 | |
| 4011 :let lines = getline(start, end) | |
| 4012 | |
| 1156 | 4013 < To get lines from another buffer see |getbufline()| |
| 4014 | |
| 647 | 4015 getloclist({nr}) *getloclist()* |
| 4016 Returns a list with all the entries in the location list for | |
| 4017 window {nr}. When {nr} is zero the current window is used. | |
| 4018 For a location list window, the displayed location list is | |
| 648 | 4019 returned. For an invalid window number {nr}, an empty list is |
|
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|
4020 returned. Otherwise, same as |getqflist()|. |
| 82 | 4021 |
| 1326 | 4022 getmatches() *getmatches()* |
| 4023 Returns a |List| with all matches previously defined by | |
| 4024 |matchadd()| and the |:match| commands. |getmatches()| is | |
| 4025 useful in combination with |setmatches()|, as |setmatches()| | |
| 4026 can restore a list of matches saved by |getmatches()|. | |
| 4027 Example: > | |
| 4028 :echo getmatches() | |
| 4029 < [{'group': 'MyGroup1', 'pattern': 'TODO', | |
| 4030 'priority': 10, 'id': 1}, {'group': 'MyGroup2', | |
| 4031 'pattern': 'FIXME', 'priority': 10, 'id': 2}] > | |
| 4032 :let m = getmatches() | |
| 4033 :call clearmatches() | |
| 4034 :echo getmatches() | |
| 4035 < [] > | |
| 4036 :call setmatches(m) | |
| 4037 :echo getmatches() | |
| 4038 < [{'group': 'MyGroup1', 'pattern': 'TODO', | |
| 4039 'priority': 10, 'id': 1}, {'group': 'MyGroup2', | |
| 4040 'pattern': 'FIXME', 'priority': 10, 'id': 2}] > | |
| 4041 :unlet m | |
| 4042 < | |
| 5968 | 4043 *getpid()* |
| 4044 getpid() Return a Number which is the process ID of the Vim process. | |
| 4045 On Unix and MS-Windows this is a unique number, until Vim | |
| 4046 exits. On MS-DOS it's always zero. | |
| 4047 | |
| 4048 *getpos()* | |
| 4049 getpos({expr}) Get the position for {expr}. For possible values of {expr} | |
| 4050 see |line()|. For getting the cursor position see | |
| 4051 |getcurpos()|. | |
| 4052 The result is a |List| with four numbers: | |
| 4053 [bufnum, lnum, col, off] | |
| 4054 "bufnum" is zero, unless a mark like '0 or 'A is used, then it | |
| 4055 is the buffer number of the mark. | |
| 4056 "lnum" and "col" are the position in the buffer. The first | |
| 4057 column is 1. | |
| 4058 The "off" number is zero, unless 'virtualedit' is used. Then | |
| 4059 it is the offset in screen columns from the start of the | |
| 4060 character. E.g., a position within a <Tab> or after the last | |
| 4061 character. | |
| 4062 Note that for '< and '> Visual mode matters: when it is "V" | |
| 4063 (visual line mode) the column of '< is zero and the column of | |
| 4064 '> is a large number. | |
| 4065 This can be used to save and restore the position of a mark: > | |
| 4066 let save_a_mark = getpos("'a") | |
| 4067 ... | |
| 6421 | 4068 call setpos("'a", save_a_mark) |
| 5968 | 4069 < Also see |getcurpos()| and |setpos()|. |
| 4070 | |
| 1326 | 4071 |
| 230 | 4072 getqflist() *getqflist()* |
| 4073 Returns a list with all the current quickfix errors. Each | |
| 4074 list item is a dictionary with these entries: | |
| 4075 bufnr number of buffer that has the file name, use | |
| 4076 bufname() to get the name | |
| 4077 lnum line number in the buffer (first line is 1) | |
| 4078 col column number (first column is 1) | |
| 233 | 4079 vcol non-zero: "col" is visual column |
| 4080 zero: "col" is byte index | |
| 230 | 4081 nr error number |
| 1065 | 4082 pattern search pattern used to locate the error |
| 230 | 4083 text description of the error |
| 4084 type type of the error, 'E', '1', etc. | |
| 4085 valid non-zero: recognized error message | |
| 4086 | |
| 515 | 4087 When there is no error list or it's empty an empty list is |
| 1065 | 4088 returned. Quickfix list entries with non-existing buffer |
| 4089 number are returned with "bufnr" set to zero. | |
| 515 | 4090 |
| 230 | 4091 Useful application: Find pattern matches in multiple files and |
| 4092 do something with them: > | |
| 4093 :vimgrep /theword/jg *.c | |
| 4094 :for d in getqflist() | |
| 4095 : echo bufname(d.bufnr) ':' d.lnum '=' d.text | |
| 4096 :endfor | |
| 4097 | |
| 4098 | |
| 5796 | 4099 getreg([{regname} [, 1 [, {list}]]]) *getreg()* |
| 7 | 4100 The result is a String, which is the contents of register |
| 236 | 4101 {regname}. Example: > |
| 7 | 4102 :let cliptext = getreg('*') |
| 4103 < getreg('=') returns the last evaluated value of the expression | |
| 236 | 4104 register. (For use in maps.) |
| 282 | 4105 getreg('=', 1) returns the expression itself, so that it can |
| 4106 be restored with |setreg()|. For other registers the extra | |
| 4107 argument is ignored, thus you can always give it. | |
| 5796 | 4108 If {list} is present and non-zero result type is changed to |
| 4109 |List|. Each list item is one text line. Use it if you care | |
| 4110 about zero bytes possibly present inside register: without | |
| 4111 third argument both NLs and zero bytes are represented as NLs | |
| 4112 (see |NL-used-for-Nul|). | |
| 7 | 4113 If {regname} is not specified, |v:register| is used. |
| 4114 | |
| 82 | 4115 |
| 7 | 4116 getregtype([{regname}]) *getregtype()* |
| 4117 The result is a String, which is type of register {regname}. | |
| 4118 The value will be one of: | |
| 4119 "v" for |characterwise| text | |
| 4120 "V" for |linewise| text | |
| 4121 "<CTRL-V>{width}" for |blockwise-visual| text | |
| 5596 | 4122 "" for an empty or unknown register |
| 7 | 4123 <CTRL-V> is one character with value 0x16. |
| 4124 If {regname} is not specified, |v:register| is used. | |
| 4125 | |
| 4157 | 4126 gettabvar({tabnr}, {varname} [, {def}]) *gettabvar()* |
|
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4127 Get the value of a tab-local variable {varname} in tab page |
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4128 {tabnr}. |t:var| |
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4129 Tabs are numbered starting with one. |
| 6197 | 4130 When {varname} is empty a dictionary with all tab-local |
| 4131 variables is returned. | |
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4132 Note that the name without "t:" must be used. |
| 4157 | 4133 When the tab or variable doesn't exist {def} or an empty |
| 4134 string is returned, there is no error message. | |
| 4135 | |
| 4136 gettabwinvar({tabnr}, {winnr}, {varname} [, {def}]) *gettabwinvar()* | |
| 1156 | 4137 Get the value of window-local variable {varname} in window |
| 4138 {winnr} in tab page {tabnr}. | |
| 4139 When {varname} starts with "&" get the value of a window-local | |
| 4140 option. | |
| 4157 | 4141 When {varname} is empty a dictionary with all window-local |
| 4142 variables is returned. | |
| 4143 Note that {varname} must be the name without "w:". | |
| 831 | 4144 Tabs are numbered starting with one. For the current tabpage |
| 4145 use |getwinvar()|. | |
| 4146 When {winnr} is zero the current window is used. | |
| 4147 This also works for a global option, buffer-local option and | |
| 4148 window-local option, but it doesn't work for a global variable | |
| 4149 or buffer-local variable. | |
| 4157 | 4150 When the tab, window or variable doesn't exist {def} or an |
| 4151 empty string is returned, there is no error message. | |
| 831 | 4152 Examples: > |
| 4153 :let list_is_on = gettabwinvar(1, 2, '&list') | |
| 4154 :echo "myvar = " . gettabwinvar(3, 1, 'myvar') | |
| 1266 | 4155 < |
| 7 | 4156 *getwinposx()* |
| 4157 getwinposx() The result is a Number, which is the X coordinate in pixels of | |
| 4158 the left hand side of the GUI Vim window. The result will be | |
| 4159 -1 if the information is not available. | |
| 4160 | |
| 4161 *getwinposy()* | |
| 4162 getwinposy() The result is a Number, which is the Y coordinate in pixels of | |
| 1621 | 4163 the top of the GUI Vim window. The result will be -1 if the |
| 7 | 4164 information is not available. |
| 4165 | |
| 4157 | 4166 getwinvar({winnr}, {varname} [, {def}]) *getwinvar()* |
| 831 | 4167 Like |gettabwinvar()| for the current tabpage. |
| 7 | 4168 Examples: > |
| 4169 :let list_is_on = getwinvar(2, '&list') | |
| 4170 :echo "myvar = " . getwinvar(1, 'myvar') | |
| 4171 < | |
| 6663 | 4172 glob({expr} [, {nosuf} [, {list} [, {alllinks}]]]) *glob()* |
| 1754 | 4173 Expand the file wildcards in {expr}. See |wildcards| for the |
| 1156 | 4174 use of special characters. |
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4175 |
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4176 Unless the optional {nosuf} argument is given and is non-zero, |
| 1754 | 4177 the 'suffixes' and 'wildignore' options apply: Names matching |
| 4178 one of the patterns in 'wildignore' will be skipped and | |
| 4179 'suffixes' affect the ordering of matches. | |
| 2662 | 4180 'wildignorecase' always applies. |
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4181 |
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|
4182 When {list} is present and it is non-zero the result is a List |
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4183 with all matching files. The advantage of using a List is, |
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4184 you also get filenames containing newlines correctly. |
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4185 Otherwise the result is a String and when there are several |
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4186 matches, they are separated by <NL> characters. |
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|
4187 |
|
94601b379f38
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3398
diff
changeset
|
4188 If the expansion fails, the result is an empty String or List. |
| 6663 | 4189 |
| 3445 | 4190 A name for a non-existing file is not included. A symbolic |
| 4191 link is only included if it points to an existing file. | |
| 6663 | 4192 However, when the {alllinks} argument is present and it is |
| 4193 non-zero then all symbolic links are included. | |
| 7 | 4194 |
| 4195 For most systems backticks can be used to get files names from | |
| 4196 any external command. Example: > | |
| 4197 :let tagfiles = glob("`find . -name tags -print`") | |
| 4198 :let &tags = substitute(tagfiles, "\n", ",", "g") | |
| 4199 < The result of the program inside the backticks should be one | |
| 1621 | 4200 item per line. Spaces inside an item are allowed. |
| 7 | 4201 |
| 4202 See |expand()| for expanding special Vim variables. See | |
| 4203 |system()| for getting the raw output of an external command. | |
| 4204 | |
| 6697 | 4205 glob2regpat({expr}) *glob2regpat()* |
| 4206 Convert a file pattern, as used by glob(), into a search | |
| 4207 pattern. The result can be used to match with a string that | |
| 4208 is a file name. E.g. > | |
| 4209 if filename =~ glob2regpat('Make*.mak') | |
| 4210 < This is equivalent to: > | |
| 4211 if filename =~ '^Make.*\.mak$' | |
|
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|
4212 < When {expr} is an empty string the result is "^$", match an |
|
192ae655ac91
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/3b5f929b18492fec291d1ec95a91f54e5912c03b
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parents:
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diff
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|
4213 empty string. |
|
192ae655ac91
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/3b5f929b18492fec291d1ec95a91f54e5912c03b
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parents:
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diff
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|
4214 |
| 6663 | 4215 *globpath()* |
|
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parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
4216 globpath({path}, {expr} [, {nosuf} [, {list} [, {alllinks}]]]) |
| 7 | 4217 Perform glob() on all directories in {path} and concatenate |
| 4218 the results. Example: > | |
| 4219 :echo globpath(&rtp, "syntax/c.vim") | |
| 5873 | 4220 < |
| 4221 {path} is a comma-separated list of directory names. Each | |
| 7 | 4222 directory name is prepended to {expr} and expanded like with |
| 1754 | 4223 |glob()|. A path separator is inserted when needed. |
| 7 | 4224 To add a comma inside a directory name escape it with a |
| 4225 backslash. Note that on MS-Windows a directory may have a | |
| 4226 trailing backslash, remove it if you put a comma after it. | |
| 4227 If the expansion fails for one of the directories, there is no | |
| 4228 error message. | |
| 5873 | 4229 |
| 4230 Unless the optional {nosuf} argument is given and is non-zero, | |
| 1754 | 4231 the 'suffixes' and 'wildignore' options apply: Names matching |
| 4232 one of the patterns in 'wildignore' will be skipped and | |
| 4233 'suffixes' affect the ordering of matches. | |
| 7 | 4234 |
| 5873 | 4235 When {list} is present and it is non-zero the result is a List |
| 4236 with all matching files. The advantage of using a List is, you | |
| 4237 also get filenames containing newlines correctly. Otherwise | |
| 4238 the result is a String and when there are several matches, | |
| 4239 they are separated by <NL> characters. Example: > | |
| 4240 :echo globpath(&rtp, "syntax/c.vim", 0, 1) | |
| 4241 < | |
|
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parents:
8019
diff
changeset
|
4242 {alllinks} is used as with |glob()|. |
| 6663 | 4243 |
| 444 | 4244 The "**" item can be used to search in a directory tree. |
| 4245 For example, to find all "README.txt" files in the directories | |
| 4246 in 'runtimepath' and below: > | |
| 4247 :echo globpath(&rtp, "**/README.txt") | |
| 1668 | 4248 < Upwards search and limiting the depth of "**" is not |
| 4249 supported, thus using 'path' will not always work properly. | |
| 4250 | |
| 7 | 4251 *has()* |
| 4252 has({feature}) The result is a Number, which is 1 if the feature {feature} is | |
| 4253 supported, zero otherwise. The {feature} argument is a | |
| 4254 string. See |feature-list| below. | |
| 4255 Also see |exists()|. | |
| 4256 | |
| 102 | 4257 |
| 4258 has_key({dict}, {key}) *has_key()* | |
| 685 | 4259 The result is a Number, which is 1 if |Dictionary| {dict} has |
| 4260 an entry with key {key}. Zero otherwise. | |
| 102 | 4261 |
|
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|
4262 haslocaldir([{winnr} [, {tabnr}]]) *haslocaldir()* |
|
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|
4263 The result is a Number, which is 1 when the window has set a |
|
d4370fef0175
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parents:
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|
4264 local path via |:lcd|, and 0 otherwise. |
|
d4370fef0175
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parents:
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|
4265 |
|
d4370fef0175
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parents:
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changeset
|
4266 Without arguments use the current window. |
|
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parents:
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|
4267 With {winnr} use this window in the current tab page. |
|
d4370fef0175
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parents:
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|
4268 With {winnr} and {tabnr} use the window in the specified tab |
|
d4370fef0175
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Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7651
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|
4269 page. |
|
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/c970330676eaae7ba7cd05cfa46df5a413853ef9
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
4270 Return 0 if the arguments are invalid. |
| 102 | 4271 |
| 782 | 4272 hasmapto({what} [, {mode} [, {abbr}]]) *hasmapto()* |
| 7 | 4273 The result is a Number, which is 1 if there is a mapping that |
| 4274 contains {what} in somewhere in the rhs (what it is mapped to) | |
| 4275 and this mapping exists in one of the modes indicated by | |
| 4276 {mode}. | |
| 782 | 4277 When {abbr} is there and it is non-zero use abbreviations |
| 786 | 4278 instead of mappings. Don't forget to specify Insert and/or |
| 4279 Command-line mode. | |
| 7 | 4280 Both the global mappings and the mappings local to the current |
| 4281 buffer are checked for a match. | |
| 4282 If no matching mapping is found 0 is returned. | |
| 4283 The following characters are recognized in {mode}: | |
| 4284 n Normal mode | |
| 4285 v Visual mode | |
| 4286 o Operator-pending mode | |
| 4287 i Insert mode | |
| 4288 l Language-Argument ("r", "f", "t", etc.) | |
| 4289 c Command-line mode | |
| 4290 When {mode} is omitted, "nvo" is used. | |
| 4291 | |
| 4292 This function is useful to check if a mapping already exists | |
| 1621 | 4293 to a function in a Vim script. Example: > |
| 7 | 4294 :if !hasmapto('\ABCdoit') |
| 4295 : map <Leader>d \ABCdoit | |
| 4296 :endif | |
| 4297 < This installs the mapping to "\ABCdoit" only if there isn't | |
| 4298 already a mapping to "\ABCdoit". | |
| 4299 | |
| 4300 histadd({history}, {item}) *histadd()* | |
| 4301 Add the String {item} to the history {history} which can be | |
| 4302 one of: *hist-names* | |
| 4303 "cmd" or ":" command line history | |
| 4304 "search" or "/" search pattern history | |
| 1621 | 4305 "expr" or "=" typed expression history |
| 7 | 4306 "input" or "@" input line history |
| 3682 | 4307 "debug" or ">" debug command history |
| 4308 The {history} string does not need to be the whole name, one | |
| 4309 character is sufficient. | |
| 7 | 4310 If {item} does already exist in the history, it will be |
| 4311 shifted to become the newest entry. | |
| 4312 The result is a Number: 1 if the operation was successful, | |
| 4313 otherwise 0 is returned. | |
| 4314 | |
| 4315 Example: > | |
| 4316 :call histadd("input", strftime("%Y %b %d")) | |
| 4317 :let date=input("Enter date: ") | |
| 4318 < This function is not available in the |sandbox|. | |
| 4319 | |
| 4320 histdel({history} [, {item}]) *histdel()* | |
| 236 | 4321 Clear {history}, i.e. delete all its entries. See |hist-names| |
| 7 | 4322 for the possible values of {history}. |
| 4323 | |
| 1668 | 4324 If the parameter {item} evaluates to a String, it is used as a |
| 4325 regular expression. All entries matching that expression will | |
| 4326 be removed from the history (if there are any). | |
| 7 | 4327 Upper/lowercase must match, unless "\c" is used |/\c|. |
| 1668 | 4328 If {item} evaluates to a Number, it will be interpreted as |
| 4329 an index, see |:history-indexing|. The respective entry will | |
| 4330 be removed if it exists. | |
| 7 | 4331 |
| 4332 The result is a Number: 1 for a successful operation, | |
| 4333 otherwise 0 is returned. | |
| 4334 | |
| 4335 Examples: | |
| 4336 Clear expression register history: > | |
| 4337 :call histdel("expr") | |
| 4338 < | |
| 4339 Remove all entries starting with "*" from the search history: > | |
| 4340 :call histdel("/", '^\*') | |
| 4341 < | |
| 4342 The following three are equivalent: > | |
| 4343 :call histdel("search", histnr("search")) | |
| 4344 :call histdel("search", -1) | |
| 4345 :call histdel("search", '^'.histget("search", -1).'$') | |
| 4346 < | |
| 4347 To delete the last search pattern and use the last-but-one for | |
| 4348 the "n" command and 'hlsearch': > | |
| 4349 :call histdel("search", -1) | |
| 4350 :let @/ = histget("search", -1) | |
| 4351 | |
| 4352 histget({history} [, {index}]) *histget()* | |
| 4353 The result is a String, the entry with Number {index} from | |
| 4354 {history}. See |hist-names| for the possible values of | |
| 4355 {history}, and |:history-indexing| for {index}. If there is | |
| 4356 no such entry, an empty String is returned. When {index} is | |
| 4357 omitted, the most recent item from the history is used. | |
| 4358 | |
| 4359 Examples: | |
| 4360 Redo the second last search from history. > | |
| 4361 :execute '/' . histget("search", -2) | |
| 4362 | |
| 4363 < Define an Ex command ":H {num}" that supports re-execution of | |
| 4364 the {num}th entry from the output of |:history|. > | |
| 4365 :command -nargs=1 H execute histget("cmd", 0+<args>) | |
| 4366 < | |
| 4367 histnr({history}) *histnr()* | |
| 4368 The result is the Number of the current entry in {history}. | |
| 4369 See |hist-names| for the possible values of {history}. | |
| 4370 If an error occurred, -1 is returned. | |
| 4371 | |
| 4372 Example: > | |
| 4373 :let inp_index = histnr("expr") | |
| 4374 < | |
| 4375 hlexists({name}) *hlexists()* | |
| 4376 The result is a Number, which is non-zero if a highlight group | |
| 4377 called {name} exists. This is when the group has been | |
| 4378 defined in some way. Not necessarily when highlighting has | |
| 4379 been defined for it, it may also have been used for a syntax | |
| 4380 item. | |
| 4381 *highlight_exists()* | |
| 4382 Obsolete name: highlight_exists(). | |
| 4383 | |
| 4384 *hlID()* | |
| 4385 hlID({name}) The result is a Number, which is the ID of the highlight group | |
| 4386 with name {name}. When the highlight group doesn't exist, | |
| 4387 zero is returned. | |
| 4388 This can be used to retrieve information about the highlight | |
| 1621 | 4389 group. For example, to get the background color of the |
| 7 | 4390 "Comment" group: > |
| 4391 :echo synIDattr(synIDtrans(hlID("Comment")), "bg") | |
| 4392 < *highlightID()* | |
| 4393 Obsolete name: highlightID(). | |
| 4394 | |
| 4395 hostname() *hostname()* | |
| 4396 The result is a String, which is the name of the machine on | |
| 236 | 4397 which Vim is currently running. Machine names greater than |
| 7 | 4398 256 characters long are truncated. |
| 4399 | |
| 4400 iconv({expr}, {from}, {to}) *iconv()* | |
| 4401 The result is a String, which is the text {expr} converted | |
| 4402 from encoding {from} to encoding {to}. | |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
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1998
diff
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|
4403 When the conversion completely fails an empty string is |
|
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
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|
4404 returned. When some characters could not be converted they |
|
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
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|
4405 are replaced with "?". |
| 7 | 4406 The encoding names are whatever the iconv() library function |
| 4407 can accept, see ":!man 3 iconv". | |
| 4408 Most conversions require Vim to be compiled with the |+iconv| | |
| 4409 feature. Otherwise only UTF-8 to latin1 conversion and back | |
| 4410 can be done. | |
| 4411 This can be used to display messages with special characters, | |
| 4412 no matter what 'encoding' is set to. Write the message in | |
| 4413 UTF-8 and use: > | |
| 4414 echo iconv(utf8_str, "utf-8", &enc) | |
| 4415 < Note that Vim uses UTF-8 for all Unicode encodings, conversion | |
| 4416 from/to UCS-2 is automatically changed to use UTF-8. You | |
| 4417 cannot use UCS-2 in a string anyway, because of the NUL bytes. | |
|
2570
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2569
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|
4418 {only available when compiled with the |+multi_byte| feature} |
| 7 | 4419 |
| 4420 *indent()* | |
| 4421 indent({lnum}) The result is a Number, which is indent of line {lnum} in the | |
| 4422 current buffer. The indent is counted in spaces, the value | |
| 4423 of 'tabstop' is relevant. {lnum} is used just like in | |
| 4424 |getline()|. | |
| 4425 When {lnum} is invalid -1 is returned. | |
| 4426 | |
| 79 | 4427 |
| 95 | 4428 index({list}, {expr} [, {start} [, {ic}]]) *index()* |
| 685 | 4429 Return the lowest index in |List| {list} where the item has a |
|
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parents:
1998
diff
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|
4430 value equal to {expr}. There is no automatic conversion, so |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
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|
4431 the String "4" is different from the Number 4. And the number |
|
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
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|
4432 4 is different from the Float 4.0. The value of 'ignorecase' |
|
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
4433 is not used here, case always matters. |
| 153 | 4434 If {start} is given then start looking at the item with index |
| 4435 {start} (may be negative for an item relative to the end). | |
| 79 | 4436 When {ic} is given and it is non-zero, ignore case. Otherwise |
| 4437 case must match. | |
| 4438 -1 is returned when {expr} is not found in {list}. | |
| 4439 Example: > | |
| 4440 :let idx = index(words, "the") | |
| 87 | 4441 :if index(numbers, 123) >= 0 |
| 79 | 4442 |
| 4443 | |
| 531 | 4444 input({prompt} [, {text} [, {completion}]]) *input()* |
| 7 | 4445 The result is a String, which is whatever the user typed on |
|
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Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
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|
4446 the command-line. The {prompt} argument is either a prompt |
|
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
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|
4447 string, or a blank string (for no prompt). A '\n' can be used |
|
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
4448 in the prompt to start a new line. |
| 531 | 4449 The highlighting set with |:echohl| is used for the prompt. |
| 4450 The input is entered just like a command-line, with the same | |
| 1621 | 4451 editing commands and mappings. There is a separate history |
| 531 | 4452 for lines typed for input(). |
| 4453 Example: > | |
| 4454 :if input("Coffee or beer? ") == "beer" | |
| 4455 : echo "Cheers!" | |
| 4456 :endif | |
| 4457 < | |
|
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1998
diff
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|
4458 If the optional {text} argument is present and not empty, this |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
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|
4459 is used for the default reply, as if the user typed this. |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
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1998
diff
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|
4460 Example: > |
| 531 | 4461 :let color = input("Color? ", "white") |
| 4462 | |
| 4463 < The optional {completion} argument specifies the type of | |
| 4464 completion supported for the input. Without it completion is | |
| 1621 | 4465 not performed. The supported completion types are the same as |
| 531 | 4466 that can be supplied to a user-defined command using the |
| 1621 | 4467 "-complete=" argument. Refer to |:command-completion| for |
| 531 | 4468 more information. Example: > |
| 4469 let fname = input("File: ", "", "file") | |
| 4470 < | |
| 4471 NOTE: This function must not be used in a startup file, for | |
| 4472 the versions that only run in GUI mode (e.g., the Win32 GUI). | |
| 7 | 4473 Note: When input() is called from within a mapping it will |
| 4474 consume remaining characters from that mapping, because a | |
| 4475 mapping is handled like the characters were typed. | |
| 4476 Use |inputsave()| before input() and |inputrestore()| | |
| 4477 after input() to avoid that. Another solution is to avoid | |
| 4478 that further characters follow in the mapping, e.g., by using | |
| 4479 |:execute| or |:normal|. | |
| 4480 | |
| 531 | 4481 Example with a mapping: > |
| 7 | 4482 :nmap \x :call GetFoo()<CR>:exe "/" . Foo<CR> |
| 4483 :function GetFoo() | |
| 4484 : call inputsave() | |
| 4485 : let g:Foo = input("enter search pattern: ") | |
| 4486 : call inputrestore() | |
| 4487 :endfunction | |
| 4488 | |
| 4489 inputdialog({prompt} [, {text} [, {cancelreturn}]]) *inputdialog()* | |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
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|
4490 Like |input()|, but when the GUI is running and text dialogs |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
4491 are supported, a dialog window pops up to input the text. |
| 7 | 4492 Example: > |
| 3875 | 4493 :let n = inputdialog("value for shiftwidth", shiftwidth()) |
| 4494 :if n != "" | |
| 4495 : let &sw = n | |
| 4496 :endif | |
| 7 | 4497 < When the dialog is cancelled {cancelreturn} is returned. When |
| 4498 omitted an empty string is returned. | |
| 4499 Hitting <Enter> works like pressing the OK button. Hitting | |
| 4500 <Esc> works like pressing the Cancel button. | |
| 531 | 4501 NOTE: Command-line completion is not supported. |
| 7 | 4502 |
| 519 | 4503 inputlist({textlist}) *inputlist()* |
| 819 | 4504 {textlist} must be a |List| of strings. This |List| is |
| 4505 displayed, one string per line. The user will be prompted to | |
| 4506 enter a number, which is returned. | |
| 519 | 4507 The user can also select an item by clicking on it with the |
| 1621 | 4508 mouse. For the first string 0 is returned. When clicking |
| 519 | 4509 above the first item a negative number is returned. When |
| 4510 clicking on the prompt one more than the length of {textlist} | |
| 4511 is returned. | |
|
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parents:
1998
diff
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|
4512 Make sure {textlist} has less than 'lines' entries, otherwise |
| 1621 | 4513 it won't work. It's a good idea to put the entry number at |
| 1156 | 4514 the start of the string. And put a prompt in the first item. |
| 4515 Example: > | |
| 519 | 4516 let color = inputlist(['Select color:', '1. red', |
| 4517 \ '2. green', '3. blue']) | |
| 4518 | |
| 7 | 4519 inputrestore() *inputrestore()* |
|
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diff
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|
4520 Restore typeahead that was saved with a previous |inputsave()|. |
| 7 | 4521 Should be called the same number of times inputsave() is |
| 4522 called. Calling it more often is harmless though. | |
| 4523 Returns 1 when there is nothing to restore, 0 otherwise. | |
| 4524 | |
| 4525 inputsave() *inputsave()* | |
| 4526 Preserve typeahead (also from mappings) and clear it, so that | |
| 4527 a following prompt gets input from the user. Should be | |
| 4528 followed by a matching inputrestore() after the prompt. Can | |
| 4529 be used several times, in which case there must be just as | |
| 4530 many inputrestore() calls. | |
| 4531 Returns 1 when out of memory, 0 otherwise. | |
| 4532 | |
| 4533 inputsecret({prompt} [, {text}]) *inputsecret()* | |
| 4534 This function acts much like the |input()| function with but | |
| 4535 two exceptions: | |
| 4536 a) the user's response will be displayed as a sequence of | |
| 4537 asterisks ("*") thereby keeping the entry secret, and | |
| 4538 b) the user's response will not be recorded on the input | |
| 4539 |history| stack. | |
| 4540 The result is a String, which is whatever the user actually | |
| 4541 typed on the command-line in response to the issued prompt. | |
| 531 | 4542 NOTE: Command-line completion is not supported. |
| 7 | 4543 |
| 55 | 4544 insert({list}, {item} [, {idx}]) *insert()* |
| 685 | 4545 Insert {item} at the start of |List| {list}. |
| 55 | 4546 If {idx} is specified insert {item} before the item with index |
| 1621 | 4547 {idx}. If {idx} is zero it goes before the first item, just |
| 55 | 4548 like omitting {idx}. A negative {idx} is also possible, see |
| 4549 |list-index|. -1 inserts just before the last item. | |
| 685 | 4550 Returns the resulting |List|. Examples: > |
| 55 | 4551 :let mylist = insert([2, 3, 5], 1) |
| 4552 :call insert(mylist, 4, -1) | |
| 4553 :call insert(mylist, 6, len(mylist)) | |
| 82 | 4554 < The last example can be done simpler with |add()|. |
| 685 | 4555 Note that when {item} is a |List| it is inserted as a single |
| 692 | 4556 item. Use |extend()| to concatenate |Lists|. |
| 55 | 4557 |
| 3214 | 4558 invert({expr}) *invert()* |
| 4559 Bitwise invert. The argument is converted to a number. A | |
| 4560 List, Dict or Float argument causes an error. Example: > | |
| 4561 :let bits = invert(bits) | |
| 4562 | |
| 7 | 4563 isdirectory({directory}) *isdirectory()* |
| 4564 The result is a Number, which is non-zero when a directory | |
| 4565 with the name {directory} exists. If {directory} doesn't | |
| 4566 exist, or isn't a directory, the result is FALSE. {directory} | |
| 4567 is any expression, which is used as a String. | |
| 4568 | |
| 819 | 4569 islocked({expr}) *islocked()* *E786* |
| 148 | 4570 The result is a Number, which is non-zero when {expr} is the |
| 4571 name of a locked variable. | |
| 685 | 4572 {expr} must be the name of a variable, |List| item or |
| 4573 |Dictionary| entry, not the variable itself! Example: > | |
| 148 | 4574 :let alist = [0, ['a', 'b'], 2, 3] |
| 4575 :lockvar 1 alist | |
| 4576 :echo islocked('alist') " 1 | |
| 4577 :echo islocked('alist[1]') " 0 | |
| 4578 | |
| 4579 < When {expr} is a variable that does not exist you get an error | |
| 843 | 4580 message. Use |exists()| to check for existence. |
| 148 | 4581 |
|
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4582 isnan({expr}) *isnan()* |
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4583 Return non-zero if {expr} is a float with value NaN. > |
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4584 echo isnan(0.0 / 0.0) |
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4585 < 1 ~ |
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4586 |
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4587 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
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4588 |
| 140 | 4589 items({dict}) *items()* |
| 685 | 4590 Return a |List| with all the key-value pairs of {dict}. Each |
| 4591 |List| item is a list with two items: the key of a {dict} | |
| 4592 entry and the value of this entry. The |List| is in arbitrary | |
| 4593 order. | |
| 140 | 4594 |
|
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4595 job_getchannel({job}) *job_getchannel()* |
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4596 Get the channel handle that {job} is using. |
|
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4597 To check if the job has no channel: > |
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4598 if string(job_getchannel()) == 'channel fail' |
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4599 < |
|
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4600 {only available when compiled with the |+job| feature} |
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4601 |
|
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4602 job_info({job}) *job_info()* |
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4603 Returns a Dictionary with information about {job}: |
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4604 "status" what |job_status()| returns |
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4605 "channel" what |job_getchannel()| returns |
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4606 "exitval" only valid when "status" is "dead" |
|
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4607 "exit_cb" function to be called on exit |
|
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4608 "stoponexit" |job-stoponexit| |
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4609 |
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4610 job_setoptions({job}, {options}) *job_setoptions()* |
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4611 Change options for {job}. Supported are: |
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4612 "stoponexit" |job-stoponexit| |
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4613 "exit_cb" |job-exit_cb| |
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4614 |
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4615 job_start({command} [, {options}]) *job_start()* |
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4616 Start a job and return a Job object. Unlike |system()| and |
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4617 |:!cmd| this does not wait for the job to finish. |
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4618 |
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4619 {command} can be a String. This works best on MS-Windows. On |
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4620 Unix it is split up in white-separated parts to be passed to |
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4621 execvp(). Arguments in double quotes can contain white space. |
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4622 |
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4623 {command} can be a List, where the first item is the executable |
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4624 and further items are the arguments. All items are converted |
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4625 to String. This works best on Unix. |
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4626 |
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4627 On MS-Windows, job_start() makes a GUI application hidden. If |
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4628 want to show it, Use |:!start| instead. |
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4629 |
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4630 The command is executed directly, not through a shell, the |
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4631 'shell' option is not used. To use the shell: > |
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4632 let job = job_start(["/bin/sh", "-c", "echo hello"]) |
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4633 < Or: > |
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4634 let job = job_start('/bin/sh -c "echo hello"') |
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4635 < Note that this will start two processes, the shell and the |
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|
4636 command it executes. If you don't want this use the "exec" |
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|
4637 shell command. |
|
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4638 |
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4639 On Unix $PATH is used to search for the executable only when |
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4640 the command does not contain a slash. |
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4641 |
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4642 The job will use the same terminal as Vim. If it reads from |
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|
4643 stdin the job and Vim will be fighting over input, that |
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|
4644 doesn't work. Redirect stdin and stdout to avoid problems: > |
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4645 let job = job_start(['sh', '-c', "myserver </dev/null >/dev/null"]) |
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|
4646 < |
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|
4647 The returned Job object can be used to get the status with |
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4648 |job_status()| and stop the job with |job_stop()|. |
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4649 |
|
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4650 {options} must be a Dictionary. It can contain many optional |
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|
4651 items, see |job-options|. |
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4652 |
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|
4653 {only available when compiled with the |+job| feature} |
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4654 |
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|
4655 job_status({job}) *job_status()* *E916* |
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4656 Returns a String with the status of {job}: |
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|
4657 "run" job is running |
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|
4658 "fail" job failed to start |
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|
4659 "dead" job died or was stopped after running |
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4660 |
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4661 If an exit callback was set with the "exit_cb" option and the |
|
8178
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|
4662 job is now detected to be "dead" the callback will be invoked. |
|
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|
4663 |
|
8502
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|
4664 For more information see |job_info()|. |
|
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4665 |
|
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|
4666 {only available when compiled with the |+job| feature} |
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|
4667 |
|
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|
4668 job_stop({job} [, {how}]) *job_stop()* |
|
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|
4669 Stop the {job}. This can also be used to signal the job. |
|
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|
4670 |
|
8251
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|
4671 When {how} is omitted or is "term" the job will be terminated. |
|
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|
4672 For Unix SIGTERM is sent. On MS-Windows the job will be |
|
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|
4673 terminated forcedly (there is no "gentle" way). |
|
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|
4674 This goes to the process group, thus children may also be |
|
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|
4675 affected. |
|
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|
4676 |
|
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|
4677 Effect for Unix: |
|
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|
4678 "term" SIGTERM (default) |
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|
4679 "hup" SIGHUP |
|
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|
4680 "quit" SIGQUIT |
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|
4681 "int" SIGINT |
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|
4682 "kill" SIGKILL (strongest way to stop) |
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4683 number signal with that number |
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|
4684 |
|
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|
4685 Effect for MS-Windows: |
|
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|
4686 "term" terminate process forcedly (default) |
|
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|
4687 "hup" CTRL_BREAK |
|
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|
4688 "quit" CTRL_BREAK |
|
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|
4689 "int" CTRL_C |
|
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|
4690 "kill" terminate process forcedly |
|
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|
4691 Others CTRL_BREAK |
|
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|
4692 |
|
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|
4693 On Unix the signal is sent to the process group. This means |
|
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|
4694 that when the job is "sh -c command" it affects both the shell |
|
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|
4695 and the command. |
|
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|
4696 |
|
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|
4697 The result is a Number: 1 if the operation could be executed, |
|
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|
4698 0 if "how" is not supported on the system. |
|
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|
4699 Note that even when the operation was executed, whether the |
|
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|
4700 job was actually stopped needs to be checked with |
|
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|
4701 job_status(). |
|
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|
4702 The status of the job isn't checked, the operation will even |
|
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|
4703 be done when Vim thinks the job isn't running. |
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|
4704 |
|
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|
4705 {only available when compiled with the |+job| feature} |
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|
4706 |
| 95 | 4707 join({list} [, {sep}]) *join()* |
| 4708 Join the items in {list} together into one String. | |
| 4709 When {sep} is specified it is put in between the items. If | |
| 4710 {sep} is omitted a single space is used. | |
| 4711 Note that {sep} is not added at the end. You might want to | |
| 4712 add it there too: > | |
| 4713 let lines = join(mylist, "\n") . "\n" | |
| 692 | 4714 < String items are used as-is. |Lists| and |Dictionaries| are |
| 95 | 4715 converted into a string like with |string()|. |
| 4716 The opposite function is |split()|. | |
| 4717 | |
|
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|
4718 js_decode({string}) *js_decode()* |
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|
4719 This is similar to |json_decode()| with these differences: |
|
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4720 - Object key names do not have to be in quotes. |
|
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|
4721 - Empty items in an array (between two commas) are allowed and |
|
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|
4722 result in v:none items. |
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|
4723 |
|
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|
4724 js_encode({expr}) *js_encode()* |
|
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|
4725 This is similar to |json_encode()| with these differences: |
|
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|
4726 - Object key names are not in quotes. |
|
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|
4727 - v:none items in an array result in an empty item between |
|
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|
4728 commas. |
|
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|
4729 For example, the Vim object: |
|
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|
4730 [1,v:none,{"one":1},v:none] ~ |
|
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|
4731 Will be encoded as: |
|
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|
4732 [1,,{one:1},,] ~ |
|
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|
4733 While json_encode() would produce: |
|
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|
4734 [1,null,{"one":1},null] ~ |
|
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|
4735 This encoding is valid for JavaScript. It is more efficient |
|
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|
4736 than JSON, especially when using an array with optional items. |
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|
4737 |
|
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|
4738 |
|
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|
4739 json_decode({string}) *json_decode()* |
|
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|
4740 This parses a JSON formatted string and returns the equivalent |
|
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|
4741 in Vim values. See |json_encode()| for the relation between |
|
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|
4742 JSON and Vim values. |
|
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|
4743 The decoding is permissive: |
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|
4744 - A trailing comma in an array and object is ignored. |
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|
4745 - More floating point numbers are recognized, e.g. "1." for |
|
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|
4746 "1.0". |
|
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|
4747 The result must be a valid Vim type: |
|
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|
4748 - An empty object member name is not allowed. |
|
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|
4749 - Duplicate object member names are not allowed. |
|
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4750 |
|
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|
4751 json_encode({expr}) *json_encode()* |
|
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|
4752 Encode {expr} as JSON and return this as a string. |
|
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|
4753 The encoding is specified in: |
|
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|
4754 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159.html |
|
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|
4755 Vim values are converted as follows: |
|
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|
4756 Number decimal number |
|
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|
4757 Float floating point number |
|
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|
4758 Float nan "NaN" |
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|
4759 Float inf "Infinity" |
|
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|
4760 String in double quotes (possibly null) |
|
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|
4761 Funcref not possible, error |
|
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|
4762 List as an array (possibly null); when |
|
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|
4763 used recursively: [] |
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|
4764 Dict as an object (possibly null); when |
|
8883
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4765 used recursively: {} |
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4766 v:false "false" |
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4767 v:true "true" |
|
7967
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4768 v:none "null" |
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4769 v:null "null" |
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4770 Note that NaN and Infinity are passed on as values. This is |
|
ff900e499f79
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4771 missing in the JSON standard, but several implementations do |
|
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4772 allow it. If not then you will get an error. |
|
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|
4773 |
| 99 | 4774 keys({dict}) *keys()* |
| 685 | 4775 Return a |List| with all the keys of {dict}. The |List| is in |
| 99 | 4776 arbitrary order. |
| 4777 | |
| 85 | 4778 *len()* *E701* |
| 55 | 4779 len({expr}) The result is a Number, which is the length of the argument. |
| 4780 When {expr} is a String or a Number the length in bytes is | |
| 4781 used, as with |strlen()|. | |
| 685 | 4782 When {expr} is a |List| the number of items in the |List| is |
| 55 | 4783 returned. |
| 685 | 4784 When {expr} is a |Dictionary| the number of entries in the |
| 4785 |Dictionary| is returned. | |
| 55 | 4786 Otherwise an error is given. |
| 4787 | |
| 7 | 4788 *libcall()* *E364* *E368* |
| 4789 libcall({libname}, {funcname}, {argument}) | |
| 4790 Call function {funcname} in the run-time library {libname} | |
| 4791 with single argument {argument}. | |
| 4792 This is useful to call functions in a library that you | |
| 4793 especially made to be used with Vim. Since only one argument | |
| 4794 is possible, calling standard library functions is rather | |
| 4795 limited. | |
| 4796 The result is the String returned by the function. If the | |
| 4797 function returns NULL, this will appear as an empty string "" | |
| 4798 to Vim. | |
| 4799 If the function returns a number, use libcallnr()! | |
| 4800 If {argument} is a number, it is passed to the function as an | |
| 4801 int; if {argument} is a string, it is passed as a | |
| 4802 null-terminated string. | |
| 4803 This function will fail in |restricted-mode|. | |
| 4804 | |
| 4805 libcall() allows you to write your own 'plug-in' extensions to | |
| 4806 Vim without having to recompile the program. It is NOT a | |
| 4807 means to call system functions! If you try to do so Vim will | |
| 4808 very probably crash. | |
| 4809 | |
| 4810 For Win32, the functions you write must be placed in a DLL | |
| 4811 and use the normal C calling convention (NOT Pascal which is | |
| 4812 used in Windows System DLLs). The function must take exactly | |
| 4813 one parameter, either a character pointer or a long integer, | |
| 4814 and must return a character pointer or NULL. The character | |
| 4815 pointer returned must point to memory that will remain valid | |
| 4816 after the function has returned (e.g. in static data in the | |
| 4817 DLL). If it points to allocated memory, that memory will | |
| 4818 leak away. Using a static buffer in the function should work, | |
| 4819 it's then freed when the DLL is unloaded. | |
| 4820 | |
| 4821 WARNING: If the function returns a non-valid pointer, Vim may | |
| 1621 | 4822 crash! This also happens if the function returns a number, |
| 7 | 4823 because Vim thinks it's a pointer. |
| 4824 For Win32 systems, {libname} should be the filename of the DLL | |
| 4825 without the ".DLL" suffix. A full path is only required if | |
| 4826 the DLL is not in the usual places. | |
| 4827 For Unix: When compiling your own plugins, remember that the | |
| 4828 object code must be compiled as position-independent ('PIC'). | |
|
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4829 {only in Win32 and some Unix versions, when the |+libcall| |
| 7 | 4830 feature is present} |
| 4831 Examples: > | |
| 4832 :echo libcall("libc.so", "getenv", "HOME") | |
| 4833 < | |
| 4834 *libcallnr()* | |
| 4835 libcallnr({libname}, {funcname}, {argument}) | |
|
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|
4836 Just like |libcall()|, but used for a function that returns an |
| 7 | 4837 int instead of a string. |
| 4838 {only in Win32 on some Unix versions, when the |+libcall| | |
| 4839 feature is present} | |
| 1621 | 4840 Examples: > |
| 4841 :echo libcallnr("/usr/lib/libc.so", "getpid", "") | |
| 7 | 4842 :call libcallnr("libc.so", "printf", "Hello World!\n") |
| 4843 :call libcallnr("libc.so", "sleep", 10) | |
| 4844 < | |
| 4845 *line()* | |
| 4846 line({expr}) The result is a Number, which is the line number of the file | |
| 4847 position given with {expr}. The accepted positions are: | |
| 4848 . the cursor position | |
| 4849 $ the last line in the current buffer | |
| 4850 'x position of mark x (if the mark is not set, 0 is | |
| 4851 returned) | |
| 665 | 4852 w0 first line visible in current window |
| 4853 w$ last line visible in current window | |
| 1609 | 4854 v In Visual mode: the start of the Visual area (the |
| 4855 cursor is the end). When not in Visual mode | |
| 4856 returns the cursor position. Differs from |'<| in | |
| 4857 that it's updated right away. | |
| 1156 | 4858 Note that a mark in another file can be used. The line number |
| 4859 then applies to another buffer. | |
| 703 | 4860 To get the column number use |col()|. To get both use |
| 4861 |getpos()|. | |
| 7 | 4862 Examples: > |
| 4863 line(".") line number of the cursor | |
| 4864 line("'t") line number of mark t | |
| 4865 line("'" . marker) line number of mark marker | |
| 4866 < *last-position-jump* | |
| 4867 This autocommand jumps to the last known position in a file | |
| 4868 just after opening it, if the '" mark is set: > | |
|
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|
4869 :au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 1 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g`\"" | endif |
| 9 | 4870 |
| 7 | 4871 line2byte({lnum}) *line2byte()* |
| 4872 Return the byte count from the start of the buffer for line | |
| 4873 {lnum}. This includes the end-of-line character, depending on | |
| 4874 the 'fileformat' option for the current buffer. The first | |
| 3237 | 4875 line returns 1. 'encoding' matters, 'fileencoding' is ignored. |
| 7 | 4876 This can also be used to get the byte count for the line just |
| 4877 below the last line: > | |
| 4878 line2byte(line("$") + 1) | |
| 3237 | 4879 < This is the buffer size plus one. If 'fileencoding' is empty |
| 4880 it is the file size plus one. | |
| 7 | 4881 When {lnum} is invalid, or the |+byte_offset| feature has been |
| 4882 disabled at compile time, -1 is returned. | |
| 4883 Also see |byte2line()|, |go| and |:goto|. | |
| 4884 | |
| 4885 lispindent({lnum}) *lispindent()* | |
| 4886 Get the amount of indent for line {lnum} according the lisp | |
| 4887 indenting rules, as with 'lisp'. | |
| 4888 The indent is counted in spaces, the value of 'tabstop' is | |
| 4889 relevant. {lnum} is used just like in |getline()|. | |
| 4890 When {lnum} is invalid or Vim was not compiled the | |
| 4891 |+lispindent| feature, -1 is returned. | |
| 4892 | |
| 4893 localtime() *localtime()* | |
| 4894 Return the current time, measured as seconds since 1st Jan | |
| 4895 1970. See also |strftime()| and |getftime()|. | |
| 4896 | |
| 95 | 4897 |
|
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4898 log({expr}) *log()* |
|
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4899 Return the natural logarithm (base e) of {expr} as a |Float|. |
|
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4900 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number| in the range |
|
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4901 (0, inf]. |
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4902 Examples: > |
|
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4903 :echo log(10) |
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4904 < 2.302585 > |
|
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4905 :echo log(exp(5)) |
|
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4906 < 5.0 |
|
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4907 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
|
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4908 |
|
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4909 |
| 1621 | 4910 log10({expr}) *log10()* |
| 4911 Return the logarithm of Float {expr} to base 10 as a |Float|. | |
| 4912 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 4913 Examples: > | |
| 4914 :echo log10(1000) | |
| 4915 < 3.0 > | |
| 4916 :echo log10(0.01) | |
| 4917 < -2.0 | |
| 4918 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 4919 | |
| 3492 | 4920 luaeval({expr}[, {expr}]) *luaeval()* |
| 4921 Evaluate Lua expression {expr} and return its result converted | |
| 4922 to Vim data structures. Second {expr} may hold additional | |
| 4923 argument accessible as _A inside first {expr}. | |
| 4924 Strings are returned as they are. | |
| 4925 Boolean objects are converted to numbers. | |
| 4926 Numbers are converted to |Float| values if vim was compiled | |
| 4927 with |+float| and to numbers otherwise. | |
| 4928 Dictionaries and lists obtained by vim.eval() are returned | |
| 4929 as-is. | |
| 4930 Other objects are returned as zero without any errors. | |
| 4931 See |lua-luaeval| for more details. | |
| 4932 {only available when compiled with the |+lua| feature} | |
| 4933 | |
| 102 | 4934 map({expr}, {string}) *map()* |
| 685 | 4935 {expr} must be a |List| or a |Dictionary|. |
| 102 | 4936 Replace each item in {expr} with the result of evaluating |
| 4937 {string}. | |
| 4938 Inside {string} |v:val| has the value of the current item. | |
| 1998 | 4939 For a |Dictionary| |v:key| has the key of the current item |
| 4940 and for a |List| |v:key| has the index of the current item. | |
| 102 | 4941 Example: > |
| 4942 :call map(mylist, '"> " . v:val . " <"') | |
| 95 | 4943 < This puts "> " before and " <" after each item in "mylist". |
| 102 | 4944 |
| 158 | 4945 Note that {string} is the result of an expression and is then |
| 102 | 4946 used as an expression again. Often it is good to use a |
| 158 | 4947 |literal-string| to avoid having to double backslashes. You |
| 4948 still have to double ' quotes | |
| 102 | 4949 |
| 685 | 4950 The operation is done in-place. If you want a |List| or |
| 4951 |Dictionary| to remain unmodified make a copy first: > | |
| 3682 | 4952 :let tlist = map(copy(mylist), ' v:val . "\t"') |
| 102 | 4953 |
| 685 | 4954 < Returns {expr}, the |List| or |Dictionary| that was filtered. |
| 648 | 4955 When an error is encountered while evaluating {string} no |
| 4956 further items in {expr} are processed. | |
| 95 | 4957 |
| 4958 | |
| 2610 | 4959 maparg({name}[, {mode} [, {abbr} [, {dict}]]]) *maparg()* |
| 4960 When {dict} is omitted or zero: Return the rhs of mapping | |
| 4961 {name} in mode {mode}. The returned String has special | |
| 4962 characters translated like in the output of the ":map" command | |
| 4963 listing. | |
| 4964 | |
| 4965 When there is no mapping for {name}, an empty String is | |
| 4966 returned. | |
| 4967 | |
| 4968 The {name} can have special key names, like in the ":map" | |
| 4969 command. | |
| 4970 | |
| 644 | 4971 {mode} can be one of these strings: |
| 7 | 4972 "n" Normal |
| 2610 | 4973 "v" Visual (including Select) |
| 7 | 4974 "o" Operator-pending |
| 4975 "i" Insert | |
| 4976 "c" Cmd-line | |
| 2610 | 4977 "s" Select |
| 4978 "x" Visual | |
| 7 | 4979 "l" langmap |language-mapping| |
| 4980 "" Normal, Visual and Operator-pending | |
| 644 | 4981 When {mode} is omitted, the modes for "" are used. |
| 2610 | 4982 |
| 782 | 4983 When {abbr} is there and it is non-zero use abbreviations |
| 4984 instead of mappings. | |
| 2610 | 4985 |
| 4986 When {dict} is there and it is non-zero return a dictionary | |
| 4987 containing all the information of the mapping with the | |
| 4988 following items: | |
| 4989 "lhs" The {lhs} of the mapping. | |
| 4990 "rhs" The {rhs} of the mapping as typed. | |
| 4991 "silent" 1 for a |:map-silent| mapping, else 0. | |
| 2625 | 4992 "noremap" 1 if the {rhs} of the mapping is not remappable. |
| 2610 | 4993 "expr" 1 for an expression mapping (|:map-<expr>|). |
| 4994 "buffer" 1 for a buffer local mapping (|:map-local|). | |
| 4995 "mode" Modes for which the mapping is defined. In | |
| 4996 addition to the modes mentioned above, these | |
| 4997 characters will be used: | |
| 4998 " " Normal, Visual and Operator-pending | |
| 4999 "!" Insert and Commandline mode | |
| 2642 | 5000 (|mapmode-ic|) |
| 2625 | 5001 "sid" The script local ID, used for <sid> mappings |
| 5002 (|<SID>|). | |
| 5555 | 5003 "nowait" Do not wait for other, longer mappings. |
| 5004 (|:map-<nowait>|). | |
| 2610 | 5005 |
| 7 | 5006 The mappings local to the current buffer are checked first, |
| 5007 then the global mappings. | |
| 626 | 5008 This function can be used to map a key even when it's already |
| 5009 mapped, and have it do the original mapping too. Sketch: > | |
| 5010 exe 'nnoremap <Tab> ==' . maparg('<Tab>', 'n') | |
| 5011 | |
| 7 | 5012 |
| 782 | 5013 mapcheck({name}[, {mode} [, {abbr}]]) *mapcheck()* |
| 7 | 5014 Check if there is a mapping that matches with {name} in mode |
| 5015 {mode}. See |maparg()| for {mode} and special names in | |
| 5016 {name}. | |
| 782 | 5017 When {abbr} is there and it is non-zero use abbreviations |
| 5018 instead of mappings. | |
| 7 | 5019 A match happens with a mapping that starts with {name} and |
| 5020 with a mapping which is equal to the start of {name}. | |
| 5021 | |
| 1621 | 5022 matches mapping "a" "ab" "abc" ~ |
| 7 | 5023 mapcheck("a") yes yes yes |
| 5024 mapcheck("abc") yes yes yes | |
| 5025 mapcheck("ax") yes no no | |
| 5026 mapcheck("b") no no no | |
| 5027 | |
| 5028 The difference with maparg() is that mapcheck() finds a | |
| 5029 mapping that matches with {name}, while maparg() only finds a | |
| 5030 mapping for {name} exactly. | |
| 5031 When there is no mapping that starts with {name}, an empty | |
| 5032 String is returned. If there is one, the rhs of that mapping | |
| 5033 is returned. If there are several mappings that start with | |
| 5034 {name}, the rhs of one of them is returned. | |
| 5035 The mappings local to the current buffer are checked first, | |
| 5036 then the global mappings. | |
| 5037 This function can be used to check if a mapping can be added | |
| 5038 without being ambiguous. Example: > | |
| 5039 :if mapcheck("_vv") == "" | |
| 5040 : map _vv :set guifont=7x13<CR> | |
| 5041 :endif | |
| 5042 < This avoids adding the "_vv" mapping when there already is a | |
| 5043 mapping for "_v" or for "_vvv". | |
| 5044 | |
| 19 | 5045 match({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) *match()* |
| 685 | 5046 When {expr} is a |List| then this returns the index of the |
| 5047 first item where {pat} matches. Each item is used as a | |
| 692 | 5048 String, |Lists| and |Dictionaries| are used as echoed. |
| 1621 | 5049 Otherwise, {expr} is used as a String. The result is a |
| 95 | 5050 Number, which gives the index (byte offset) in {expr} where |
| 5051 {pat} matches. | |
| 685 | 5052 A match at the first character or |List| item returns zero. |
| 19 | 5053 If there is no match -1 is returned. |
| 2833 | 5054 For getting submatches see |matchlist()|. |
| 19 | 5055 Example: > |
| 95 | 5056 :echo match("testing", "ing") " results in 4 |
| 714 | 5057 :echo match([1, 'x'], '\a') " results in 1 |
| 95 | 5058 < See |string-match| for how {pat} is used. |
| 170 | 5059 *strpbrk()* |
| 1621 | 5060 Vim doesn't have a strpbrk() function. But you can do: > |
| 170 | 5061 :let sepidx = match(line, '[.,;: \t]') |
| 5062 < *strcasestr()* | |
| 5063 Vim doesn't have a strcasestr() function. But you can add | |
| 5064 "\c" to the pattern to ignore case: > | |
| 5065 :let idx = match(haystack, '\cneedle') | |
| 5066 < | |
| 95 | 5067 If {start} is given, the search starts from byte index |
| 685 | 5068 {start} in a String or item {start} in a |List|. |
| 7 | 5069 The result, however, is still the index counted from the |
| 236 | 5070 first character/item. Example: > |
| 7 | 5071 :echo match("testing", "ing", 2) |
| 5072 < result is again "4". > | |
| 5073 :echo match("testing", "ing", 4) | |
| 5074 < result is again "4". > | |
| 5075 :echo match("testing", "t", 2) | |
| 5076 < result is "3". | |
| 694 | 5077 For a String, if {start} > 0 then it is like the string starts |
| 703 | 5078 {start} bytes later, thus "^" will match at {start}. Except |
| 5079 when {count} is given, then it's like matches before the | |
| 5080 {start} byte are ignored (this is a bit complicated to keep it | |
| 5081 backwards compatible). | |
| 95 | 5082 For a String, if {start} < 0, it will be set to 0. For a list |
| 5083 the index is counted from the end. | |
| 697 | 5084 If {start} is out of range ({start} > strlen({expr}) for a |
| 5085 String or {start} > len({expr}) for a |List|) -1 is returned. | |
| 95 | 5086 |
| 694 | 5087 When {count} is given use the {count}'th match. When a match |
| 697 | 5088 is found in a String the search for the next one starts one |
| 694 | 5089 character further. Thus this example results in 1: > |
| 5090 echo match("testing", "..", 0, 2) | |
| 5091 < In a |List| the search continues in the next item. | |
| 703 | 5092 Note that when {count} is added the way {start} works changes, |
| 5093 see above. | |
| 694 | 5094 |
| 7 | 5095 See |pattern| for the patterns that are accepted. |
| 5096 The 'ignorecase' option is used to set the ignore-caseness of | |
| 1621 | 5097 the pattern. 'smartcase' is NOT used. The matching is always |
| 7 | 5098 done like 'magic' is set and 'cpoptions' is empty. |
| 5099 | |
| 1326 | 5100 *matchadd()* *E798* *E799* *E801* |
|
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|
5101 matchadd({group}, {pattern}[, {priority}[, {id}[, {dict}]]]) |
| 1326 | 5102 Defines a pattern to be highlighted in the current window (a |
| 5103 "match"). It will be highlighted with {group}. Returns an | |
| 5104 identification number (ID), which can be used to delete the | |
| 5105 match using |matchdelete()|. | |
| 5466 | 5106 Matching is case sensitive and magic, unless case sensitivity |
| 5107 or magicness are explicitly overridden in {pattern}. The | |
| 5108 'magic', 'smartcase' and 'ignorecase' options are not used. | |
|
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5109 The "Conceal" value is special, it causes the match to be |
|
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|
5110 concealed. |
| 1326 | 5111 |
| 5112 The optional {priority} argument assigns a priority to the | |
| 1621 | 5113 match. A match with a high priority will have its |
| 1326 | 5114 highlighting overrule that of a match with a lower priority. |
| 5115 A priority is specified as an integer (negative numbers are no | |
| 5116 exception). If the {priority} argument is not specified, the | |
| 5117 default priority is 10. The priority of 'hlsearch' is zero, | |
| 5118 hence all matches with a priority greater than zero will | |
| 5119 overrule it. Syntax highlighting (see 'syntax') is a separate | |
| 5120 mechanism, and regardless of the chosen priority a match will | |
| 5121 always overrule syntax highlighting. | |
| 5122 | |
| 5123 The optional {id} argument allows the request for a specific | |
| 5124 match ID. If a specified ID is already taken, an error | |
| 5125 message will appear and the match will not be added. An ID | |
| 5126 is specified as a positive integer (zero excluded). IDs 1, 2 | |
| 5127 and 3 are reserved for |:match|, |:2match| and |:3match|, | |
| 6947 | 5128 respectively. If the {id} argument is not specified or -1, |
| 1326 | 5129 |matchadd()| automatically chooses a free ID. |
| 5130 | |
|
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|
5131 The optional {dict} argument allows for further custom |
|
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|
5132 values. Currently this is used to specify a match specific |
| 6947 | 5133 conceal character that will be shown for |hl-Conceal| |
| 5134 highlighted matches. The dict can have the following members: | |
| 5135 | |
| 5136 conceal Special character to show instead of the | |
|
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|
5137 match (only for |hl-Conceal| highlighted |
| 6947 | 5138 matches, see |:syn-cchar|) |
| 5139 | |
| 1326 | 5140 The number of matches is not limited, as it is the case with |
| 5141 the |:match| commands. | |
| 5142 | |
| 5143 Example: > | |
| 5144 :highlight MyGroup ctermbg=green guibg=green | |
| 5145 :let m = matchadd("MyGroup", "TODO") | |
| 5146 < Deletion of the pattern: > | |
| 5147 :call matchdelete(m) | |
| 5148 | |
| 5149 < A list of matches defined by |matchadd()| and |:match| are | |
| 1621 | 5150 available from |getmatches()|. All matches can be deleted in |
| 1326 | 5151 one operation by |clearmatches()|. |
| 819 | 5152 |
| 6947 | 5153 matchaddpos({group}, {pos}[, {priority}[, {id}[, {dict}]]]) *matchaddpos()* |
| 5979 | 5154 Same as |matchadd()|, but requires a list of positions {pos} |
| 5155 instead of a pattern. This command is faster than |matchadd()| | |
| 5156 because it does not require to handle regular expressions and | |
| 5157 sets buffer line boundaries to redraw screen. It is supposed | |
| 5158 to be used when fast match additions and deletions are | |
| 5159 required, for example to highlight matching parentheses. | |
| 5160 | |
| 5161 The list {pos} can contain one of these items: | |
| 6007 | 5162 - A number. This whole line will be highlighted. The first |
| 5979 | 5163 line has number 1. |
| 5164 - A list with one number, e.g., [23]. The whole line with this | |
| 5165 number will be highlighted. | |
| 5166 - A list with two numbers, e.g., [23, 11]. The first number is | |
| 6007 | 5167 the line number, the second one is the column number (first |
| 5168 column is 1, the value must correspond to the byte index as | |
| 5169 |col()| would return). The character at this position will | |
| 5170 be highlighted. | |
| 5979 | 5171 - A list with three numbers, e.g., [23, 11, 3]. As above, but |
| 6007 | 5172 the third number gives the length of the highlight in bytes. |
| 5979 | 5173 |
| 5174 The maximum number of positions is 8. | |
| 5175 | |
| 5176 Example: > | |
| 5177 :highlight MyGroup ctermbg=green guibg=green | |
| 5178 :let m = matchaddpos("MyGroup", [[23, 24], 34]) | |
| 5179 < Deletion of the pattern: > | |
| 5180 :call matchdelete(m) | |
| 5181 | |
| 5182 < Matches added by |matchaddpos()| are returned by | |
| 5183 |getmatches()| with an entry "pos1", "pos2", etc., with the | |
| 5184 value a list like the {pos} item. | |
| 5185 These matches cannot be set via |setmatches()|, however they | |
| 5186 can still be deleted by |clearmatches()|. | |
| 5187 | |
| 819 | 5188 matcharg({nr}) *matcharg()* |
| 856 | 5189 Selects the {nr} match item, as set with a |:match|, |
| 819 | 5190 |:2match| or |:3match| command. |
| 5191 Return a |List| with two elements: | |
| 5192 The name of the highlight group used | |
| 5193 The pattern used. | |
| 5194 When {nr} is not 1, 2 or 3 returns an empty |List|. | |
| 5195 When there is no match item set returns ['', '']. | |
| 1326 | 5196 This is useful to save and restore a |:match|. |
| 5197 Highlighting matches using the |:match| commands are limited | |
| 5198 to three matches. |matchadd()| does not have this limitation. | |
| 5199 | |
| 5200 matchdelete({id}) *matchdelete()* *E802* *E803* | |
| 5201 Deletes a match with ID {id} previously defined by |matchadd()| | |
| 1621 | 5202 or one of the |:match| commands. Returns 0 if successful, |
| 1326 | 5203 otherwise -1. See example for |matchadd()|. All matches can |
| 5204 be deleted in one operation by |clearmatches()|. | |
| 819 | 5205 |
| 19 | 5206 matchend({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) *matchend()* |
|
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5207 Same as |match()|, but return the index of first character |
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|
5208 after the match. Example: > |
| 7 | 5209 :echo matchend("testing", "ing") |
| 5210 < results in "7". | |
| 170 | 5211 *strspn()* *strcspn()* |
| 5212 Vim doesn't have a strspn() or strcspn() function, but you can | |
| 5213 do it with matchend(): > | |
| 5214 :let span = matchend(line, '[a-zA-Z]') | |
| 5215 :let span = matchend(line, '[^a-zA-Z]') | |
| 5216 < Except that -1 is returned when there are no matches. | |
| 5217 | |
|
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|
5218 The {start}, if given, has the same meaning as for |match()|. > |
| 7 | 5219 :echo matchend("testing", "ing", 2) |
| 5220 < results in "7". > | |
| 5221 :echo matchend("testing", "ing", 5) | |
| 5222 < result is "-1". | |
|
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5223 When {expr} is a |List| the result is equal to |match()|. |
| 7 | 5224 |
| 158 | 5225 matchlist({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) *matchlist()* |
|
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5226 Same as |match()|, but return a |List|. The first item in the |
| 158 | 5227 list is the matched string, same as what matchstr() would |
| 5228 return. Following items are submatches, like "\1", "\2", etc. | |
| 842 | 5229 in |:substitute|. When an optional submatch didn't match an |
| 5230 empty string is used. Example: > | |
| 5231 echo matchlist('acd', '\(a\)\?\(b\)\?\(c\)\?\(.*\)') | |
| 5232 < Results in: ['acd', 'a', '', 'c', 'd', '', '', '', '', ''] | |
| 158 | 5233 When there is no match an empty list is returned. |
| 5234 | |
| 19 | 5235 matchstr({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) *matchstr()* |
| 1621 | 5236 Same as |match()|, but return the matched string. Example: > |
| 7 | 5237 :echo matchstr("testing", "ing") |
| 5238 < results in "ing". | |
| 5239 When there is no match "" is returned. | |
|
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|
5240 The {start}, if given, has the same meaning as for |match()|. > |
| 7 | 5241 :echo matchstr("testing", "ing", 2) |
| 5242 < results in "ing". > | |
| 5243 :echo matchstr("testing", "ing", 5) | |
| 5244 < result is "". | |
| 685 | 5245 When {expr} is a |List| then the matching item is returned. |
| 95 | 5246 The type isn't changed, it's not necessarily a String. |
| 7 | 5247 |
|
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5248 matchstrpos({expr}, {pat}[, {start}[, {count}]]) *matchstrpos()* |
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5249 Same as |matchstr()|, but return the matched string, the start |
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5250 position and the end position of the match. Example: > |
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5251 :echo matchstrpos("testing", "ing") |
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5252 < results in ["ing", 4, 7]. |
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5253 When there is no match ["", -1, -1] is returned. |
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5254 The {start}, if given, has the same meaning as for |match()|. > |
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5255 :echo matchstrpos("testing", "ing", 2) |
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5256 < results in ["ing", 4, 7]. > |
|
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5257 :echo matchstrpos("testing", "ing", 5) |
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5258 < result is ["", -1, -1]. |
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5259 When {expr} is a |List| then the matching item, the index |
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5260 of first item where {pat} matches, the start position and the |
|
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|
5261 end position of the match are returned. > |
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|
5262 :echo matchstrpos([1, '__x'], '\a') |
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|
5263 < result is ["x", 1, 2, 3]. |
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5264 The type isn't changed, it's not necessarily a String. |
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|
5265 |
| 87 | 5266 *max()* |
| 5267 max({list}) Return the maximum value of all items in {list}. | |
| 5268 If {list} is not a list or one of the items in {list} cannot | |
| 5269 be used as a Number this results in an error. | |
| 685 | 5270 An empty |List| results in zero. |
| 87 | 5271 |
| 5272 *min()* | |
| 1215 | 5273 min({list}) Return the minimum value of all items in {list}. |
| 87 | 5274 If {list} is not a list or one of the items in {list} cannot |
| 5275 be used as a Number this results in an error. | |
| 685 | 5276 An empty |List| results in zero. |
| 87 | 5277 |
| 843 | 5278 *mkdir()* *E739* |
| 168 | 5279 mkdir({name} [, {path} [, {prot}]]) |
| 5280 Create directory {name}. | |
| 5281 If {path} is "p" then intermediate directories are created as | |
| 5282 necessary. Otherwise it must be "". | |
| 5283 If {prot} is given it is used to set the protection bits of | |
| 5284 the new directory. The default is 0755 (rwxr-xr-x: r/w for | |
| 1621 | 5285 the user readable for others). Use 0700 to make it unreadable |
| 1702 | 5286 for others. This is only used for the last part of {name}. |
| 5287 Thus if you create /tmp/foo/bar then /tmp/foo will be created | |
| 5288 with 0755. | |
| 5289 Example: > | |
| 5290 :call mkdir($HOME . "/tmp/foo/bar", "p", 0700) | |
| 5291 < This function is not available in the |sandbox|. | |
| 168 | 5292 Not available on all systems. To check use: > |
| 5293 :if exists("*mkdir") | |
| 5294 < | |
| 7 | 5295 *mode()* |
| 1621 | 5296 mode([expr]) Return a string that indicates the current mode. |
| 1661 | 5297 If [expr] is supplied and it evaluates to a non-zero Number or |
| 5298 a non-empty String (|non-zero-arg|), then the full mode is | |
| 5299 returned, otherwise only the first letter is returned. Note | |
| 5300 that " " and "0" are also non-empty strings. | |
| 1621 | 5301 |
| 7 | 5302 n Normal |
| 1621 | 5303 no Operator-pending |
| 7 | 5304 v Visual by character |
| 5305 V Visual by line | |
| 5306 CTRL-V Visual blockwise | |
| 5307 s Select by character | |
| 5308 S Select by line | |
| 5309 CTRL-S Select blockwise | |
| 5310 i Insert | |
| 1621 | 5311 R Replace |R| |
| 5312 Rv Virtual Replace |gR| | |
| 7 | 5313 c Command-line |
| 1621 | 5314 cv Vim Ex mode |gQ| |
| 5315 ce Normal Ex mode |Q| | |
| 7 | 5316 r Hit-enter prompt |
| 1621 | 5317 rm The -- more -- prompt |
| 5318 r? A |:confirm| query of some sort | |
| 5319 ! Shell or external command is executing | |
| 5320 This is useful in the 'statusline' option or when used | |
| 5321 with |remote_expr()| In most other places it always returns | |
| 5322 "c" or "n". | |
| 5323 Also see |visualmode()|. | |
| 7 | 5324 |
|
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|
5325 mzeval({expr}) *mzeval()* |
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|
5326 Evaluate MzScheme expression {expr} and return its result |
| 3492 | 5327 converted to Vim data structures. |
|
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5328 Numbers and strings are returned as they are. |
|
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|
5329 Pairs (including lists and improper lists) and vectors are |
|
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5330 returned as Vim |Lists|. |
|
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|
5331 Hash tables are represented as Vim |Dictionary| type with keys |
|
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|
5332 converted to strings. |
|
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|
5333 All other types are converted to string with display function. |
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|
5334 Examples: > |
|
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|
5335 :mz (define l (list 1 2 3)) |
|
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|
5336 :mz (define h (make-hash)) (hash-set! h "list" l) |
|
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|
5337 :echo mzeval("l") |
|
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|
5338 :echo mzeval("h") |
|
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|
5339 < |
|
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|
5340 {only available when compiled with the |+mzscheme| feature} |
|
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|
5341 |
| 7 | 5342 nextnonblank({lnum}) *nextnonblank()* |
| 5343 Return the line number of the first line at or below {lnum} | |
| 5344 that is not blank. Example: > | |
| 5345 if getline(nextnonblank(1)) =~ "Java" | |
| 5346 < When {lnum} is invalid or there is no non-blank line at or | |
| 5347 below it, zero is returned. | |
| 5348 See also |prevnonblank()|. | |
| 5349 | |
| 4051 | 5350 nr2char({expr}[, {utf8}]) *nr2char()* |
| 7 | 5351 Return a string with a single character, which has the number |
| 5352 value {expr}. Examples: > | |
| 5353 nr2char(64) returns "@" | |
| 5354 nr2char(32) returns " " | |
| 4051 | 5355 < When {utf8} is omitted or zero, the current 'encoding' is used. |
| 5356 Example for "utf-8": > | |
| 7 | 5357 nr2char(300) returns I with bow character |
| 4051 | 5358 < With {utf8} set to 1, always return utf-8 characters. |
| 5359 Note that a NUL character in the file is specified with | |
| 7 | 5360 nr2char(10), because NULs are represented with newline |
| 5361 characters. nr2char(0) is a real NUL and terminates the | |
| 119 | 5362 string, thus results in an empty string. |
| 7 | 5363 |
| 3214 | 5364 or({expr}, {expr}) *or()* |
| 5365 Bitwise OR on the two arguments. The arguments are converted | |
| 5366 to a number. A List, Dict or Float argument causes an error. | |
| 5367 Example: > | |
| 5368 :let bits = or(bits, 0x80) | |
| 5369 | |
| 5370 | |
| 819 | 5371 pathshorten({expr}) *pathshorten()* |
| 5372 Shorten directory names in the path {expr} and return the | |
| 5373 result. The tail, the file name, is kept as-is. The other | |
| 5374 components in the path are reduced to single letters. Leading | |
| 5375 '~' and '.' characters are kept. Example: > | |
| 5376 :echo pathshorten('~/.vim/autoload/myfile.vim') | |
| 5377 < ~/.v/a/myfile.vim ~ | |
| 5378 It doesn't matter if the path exists or not. | |
| 5379 | |
|
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|
5380 perleval({expr}) *perleval()* |
|
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|
5381 Evaluate Perl expression {expr} in scalar context and return |
|
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|
5382 its result converted to Vim data structures. If value can't be |
|
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5383 converted, it is returned as a string Perl representation. |
|
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5384 Note: If you want an array or hash, {expr} must return a |
|
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5385 reference to it. |
|
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|
5386 Example: > |
|
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|
5387 :echo perleval('[1 .. 4]') |
|
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|
5388 < [1, 2, 3, 4] |
|
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|
5389 {only available when compiled with the |+perl| feature} |
|
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changeset
|
5390 |
| 1621 | 5391 pow({x}, {y}) *pow()* |
| 5392 Return the power of {x} to the exponent {y} as a |Float|. | |
| 5393 {x} and {y} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 5394 Examples: > | |
| 5395 :echo pow(3, 3) | |
| 5396 < 27.0 > | |
| 5397 :echo pow(2, 16) | |
| 5398 < 65536.0 > | |
| 5399 :echo pow(32, 0.20) | |
| 5400 < 2.0 | |
| 5401 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 5402 | |
| 667 | 5403 prevnonblank({lnum}) *prevnonblank()* |
| 5404 Return the line number of the first line at or above {lnum} | |
| 5405 that is not blank. Example: > | |
| 5406 let ind = indent(prevnonblank(v:lnum - 1)) | |
| 5407 < When {lnum} is invalid or there is no non-blank line at or | |
| 5408 above it, zero is returned. | |
| 5409 Also see |nextnonblank()|. | |
| 5410 | |
| 5411 | |
| 449 | 5412 printf({fmt}, {expr1} ...) *printf()* |
| 5413 Return a String with {fmt}, where "%" items are replaced by | |
| 5414 the formatted form of their respective arguments. Example: > | |
| 452 | 5415 printf("%4d: E%d %.30s", lnum, errno, msg) |
| 449 | 5416 < May result in: |
| 452 | 5417 " 99: E42 asdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfasdfas" ~ |
| 449 | 5418 |
| 5419 Often used items are: | |
| 856 | 5420 %s string |
| 3914 | 5421 %6S string right-aligned in 6 display cells |
| 653 | 5422 %6s string right-aligned in 6 bytes |
| 1621 | 5423 %.9s string truncated to 9 bytes |
| 5424 %c single byte | |
| 5425 %d decimal number | |
| 5426 %5d decimal number padded with spaces to 5 characters | |
| 5427 %x hex number | |
| 5428 %04x hex number padded with zeros to at least 4 characters | |
| 5429 %X hex number using upper case letters | |
| 5430 %o octal number | |
| 5431 %f floating point number in the form 123.456 | |
| 5432 %e floating point number in the form 1.234e3 | |
| 5433 %E floating point number in the form 1.234E3 | |
| 5434 %g floating point number, as %f or %e depending on value | |
| 5435 %G floating point number, as %f or %E depending on value | |
| 5436 %% the % character itself | |
| 449 | 5437 |
| 5438 Conversion specifications start with '%' and end with the | |
| 5439 conversion type. All other characters are copied unchanged to | |
| 5440 the result. | |
| 5441 | |
| 5442 The "%" starts a conversion specification. The following | |
| 452 | 5443 arguments appear in sequence: |
| 5444 | |
| 5445 % [flags] [field-width] [.precision] type | |
| 5446 | |
| 856 | 5447 flags |
| 452 | 5448 Zero or more of the following flags: |
| 5449 | |
| 449 | 5450 # The value should be converted to an "alternate |
| 5451 form". For c, d, and s conversions, this option | |
| 5452 has no effect. For o conversions, the precision | |
| 5453 of the number is increased to force the first | |
| 5454 character of the output string to a zero (except | |
| 5455 if a zero value is printed with an explicit | |
| 5456 precision of zero). | |
| 5457 For x and X conversions, a non-zero result has | |
| 5458 the string "0x" (or "0X" for X conversions) | |
| 5459 prepended to it. | |
| 452 | 5460 |
| 449 | 5461 0 (zero) Zero padding. For all conversions the converted |
| 5462 value is padded on the left with zeros rather | |
| 5463 than blanks. If a precision is given with a | |
| 5464 numeric conversion (d, o, x, and X), the 0 flag | |
| 5465 is ignored. | |
| 452 | 5466 |
| 449 | 5467 - A negative field width flag; the converted value |
| 5468 is to be left adjusted on the field boundary. | |
| 5469 The converted value is padded on the right with | |
| 5470 blanks, rather than on the left with blanks or | |
| 5471 zeros. A - overrides a 0 if both are given. | |
| 452 | 5472 |
| 449 | 5473 ' ' (space) A blank should be left before a positive |
| 5474 number produced by a signed conversion (d). | |
| 452 | 5475 |
| 449 | 5476 + A sign must always be placed before a number |
| 1621 | 5477 produced by a signed conversion. A + overrides |
| 449 | 5478 a space if both are used. |
| 452 | 5479 |
| 5480 field-width | |
| 5481 An optional decimal digit string specifying a minimum | |
| 653 | 5482 field width. If the converted value has fewer bytes |
| 5483 than the field width, it will be padded with spaces on | |
| 5484 the left (or right, if the left-adjustment flag has | |
| 5485 been given) to fill out the field width. | |
| 452 | 5486 |
| 5487 .precision | |
| 5488 An optional precision, in the form of a period '.' | |
| 5489 followed by an optional digit string. If the digit | |
| 5490 string is omitted, the precision is taken as zero. | |
| 5491 This gives the minimum number of digits to appear for | |
| 5492 d, o, x, and X conversions, or the maximum number of | |
| 653 | 5493 bytes to be printed from a string for s conversions. |
| 1621 | 5494 For floating point it is the number of digits after |
| 5495 the decimal point. | |
| 452 | 5496 |
| 5497 type | |
| 5498 A character that specifies the type of conversion to | |
| 5499 be applied, see below. | |
| 5500 | |
| 449 | 5501 A field width or precision, or both, may be indicated by an |
| 5502 asterisk '*' instead of a digit string. In this case, a | |
| 1621 | 5503 Number argument supplies the field width or precision. A |
| 449 | 5504 negative field width is treated as a left adjustment flag |
| 5505 followed by a positive field width; a negative precision is | |
| 5506 treated as though it were missing. Example: > | |
| 452 | 5507 :echo printf("%d: %.*s", nr, width, line) |
| 449 | 5508 < This limits the length of the text used from "line" to |
| 452 | 5509 "width" bytes. |
| 449 | 5510 |
| 856 | 5511 The conversion specifiers and their meanings are: |
| 452 | 5512 |
| 1621 | 5513 *printf-d* *printf-o* *printf-x* *printf-X* |
| 5514 doxX The Number argument is converted to signed decimal | |
| 449 | 5515 (d), unsigned octal (o), or unsigned hexadecimal (x |
| 5516 and X) notation. The letters "abcdef" are used for | |
| 5517 x conversions; the letters "ABCDEF" are used for X | |
| 452 | 5518 conversions. |
| 5519 The precision, if any, gives the minimum number of | |
| 5520 digits that must appear; if the converted value | |
| 5521 requires fewer digits, it is padded on the left with | |
| 5522 zeros. | |
| 5523 In no case does a non-existent or small field width | |
| 5524 cause truncation of a numeric field; if the result of | |
| 5525 a conversion is wider than the field width, the field | |
| 5526 is expanded to contain the conversion result. | |
| 5527 | |
| 1621 | 5528 *printf-c* |
| 452 | 5529 c The Number argument is converted to a byte, and the |
| 5530 resulting character is written. | |
| 5531 | |
| 1621 | 5532 *printf-s* |
| 452 | 5533 s The text of the String argument is used. If a |
| 5534 precision is specified, no more bytes than the number | |
| 5535 specified are used. | |
| 6583 | 5536 *printf-S* |
| 3914 | 5537 S The text of the String argument is used. If a |
| 5538 precision is specified, no more display cells than the | |
| 5539 number specified are used. Without the |+multi_byte| | |
| 5540 feature works just like 's'. | |
| 452 | 5541 |
| 1621 | 5542 *printf-f* *E807* |
| 5543 f The Float argument is converted into a string of the | |
| 5544 form 123.456. The precision specifies the number of | |
| 5545 digits after the decimal point. When the precision is | |
| 5546 zero the decimal point is omitted. When the precision | |
| 5547 is not specified 6 is used. A really big number | |
| 5548 (out of range or dividing by zero) results in "inf". | |
| 5549 "0.0 / 0.0" results in "nan". | |
| 5550 Example: > | |
| 5551 echo printf("%.2f", 12.115) | |
| 5552 < 12.12 | |
| 5553 Note that roundoff depends on the system libraries. | |
| 5554 Use |round()| when in doubt. | |
| 5555 | |
| 5556 *printf-e* *printf-E* | |
| 5557 e E The Float argument is converted into a string of the | |
| 5558 form 1.234e+03 or 1.234E+03 when using 'E'. The | |
| 5559 precision specifies the number of digits after the | |
| 5560 decimal point, like with 'f'. | |
| 5561 | |
| 5562 *printf-g* *printf-G* | |
| 5563 g G The Float argument is converted like with 'f' if the | |
| 5564 value is between 0.001 (inclusive) and 10000000.0 | |
| 5565 (exclusive). Otherwise 'e' is used for 'g' and 'E' | |
| 5566 for 'G'. When no precision is specified superfluous | |
| 5567 zeroes and '+' signs are removed, except for the zero | |
| 5568 immediately after the decimal point. Thus 10000000.0 | |
| 5569 results in 1.0e7. | |
| 5570 | |
| 5571 *printf-%* | |
| 449 | 5572 % A '%' is written. No argument is converted. The |
| 5573 complete conversion specification is "%%". | |
| 452 | 5574 |
| 1668 | 5575 When a Number argument is expected a String argument is also |
| 5576 accepted and automatically converted. | |
| 5577 When a Float or String argument is expected a Number argument | |
| 5578 is also accepted and automatically converted. | |
| 5579 Any other argument type results in an error message. | |
| 449 | 5580 |
| 459 | 5581 *E766* *E767* |
| 449 | 5582 The number of {exprN} arguments must exactly match the number |
| 5583 of "%" items. If there are not sufficient or too many | |
| 452 | 5584 arguments an error is given. Up to 18 arguments can be used. |
| 449 | 5585 |
| 5586 | |
| 667 | 5587 pumvisible() *pumvisible()* |
| 5588 Returns non-zero when the popup menu is visible, zero | |
| 5589 otherwise. See |ins-completion-menu|. | |
| 712 | 5590 This can be used to avoid some things that would remove the |
| 5591 popup menu. | |
| 7 | 5592 |
|
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|
5593 *E860* |
| 3682 | 5594 py3eval({expr}) *py3eval()* |
| 5595 Evaluate Python expression {expr} and return its result | |
| 5596 converted to Vim data structures. | |
| 5597 Numbers and strings are returned as they are (strings are | |
| 6647 | 5598 copied though, Unicode strings are additionally converted to |
| 3682 | 5599 'encoding'). |
| 5600 Lists are represented as Vim |List| type. | |
| 5601 Dictionaries are represented as Vim |Dictionary| type with | |
| 5602 keys converted to strings. | |
| 5603 {only available when compiled with the |+python3| feature} | |
| 5604 | |
| 5605 *E858* *E859* | |
| 5606 pyeval({expr}) *pyeval()* | |
| 5607 Evaluate Python expression {expr} and return its result | |
| 5608 converted to Vim data structures. | |
| 5609 Numbers and strings are returned as they are (strings are | |
| 5610 copied though). | |
| 5611 Lists are represented as Vim |List| type. | |
| 3830 | 5612 Dictionaries are represented as Vim |Dictionary| type, |
| 5613 non-string keys result in error. | |
| 3682 | 5614 {only available when compiled with the |+python| feature} |
| 5615 | |
| 114 | 5616 *E726* *E727* |
| 99 | 5617 range({expr} [, {max} [, {stride}]]) *range()* |
| 685 | 5618 Returns a |List| with Numbers: |
| 99 | 5619 - If only {expr} is specified: [0, 1, ..., {expr} - 1] |
| 5620 - If {max} is specified: [{expr}, {expr} + 1, ..., {max}] | |
| 5621 - If {stride} is specified: [{expr}, {expr} + {stride}, ..., | |
| 5622 {max}] (increasing {expr} with {stride} each time, not | |
| 5623 producing a value past {max}). | |
| 336 | 5624 When the maximum is one before the start the result is an |
| 5625 empty list. When the maximum is more than one before the | |
| 5626 start this is an error. | |
| 99 | 5627 Examples: > |
| 856 | 5628 range(4) " [0, 1, 2, 3] |
| 99 | 5629 range(2, 4) " [2, 3, 4] |
| 5630 range(2, 9, 3) " [2, 5, 8] | |
| 856 | 5631 range(2, -2, -1) " [2, 1, 0, -1, -2] |
| 336 | 5632 range(0) " [] |
| 5633 range(2, 0) " error! | |
| 99 | 5634 < |
| 158 | 5635 *readfile()* |
| 168 | 5636 readfile({fname} [, {binary} [, {max}]]) |
| 685 | 5637 Read file {fname} and return a |List|, each line of the file |
| 5638 as an item. Lines broken at NL characters. Macintosh files | |
| 158 | 5639 separated with CR will result in a single long line (unless a |
| 5640 NL appears somewhere). | |
|
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|
5641 All NUL characters are replaced with a NL character. |
| 6918 | 5642 When {binary} contains "b" binary mode is used: |
| 158 | 5643 - When the last line ends in a NL an extra empty list item is |
| 5644 added. | |
| 5645 - No CR characters are removed. | |
| 5646 Otherwise: | |
| 5647 - CR characters that appear before a NL are removed. | |
| 5648 - Whether the last line ends in a NL or not does not matter. | |
|
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|
5649 - When 'encoding' is Unicode any UTF-8 byte order mark is |
|
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|
5650 removed from the text. |
| 168 | 5651 When {max} is given this specifies the maximum number of lines |
| 5652 to be read. Useful if you only want to check the first ten | |
| 5653 lines of a file: > | |
| 5654 :for line in readfile(fname, '', 10) | |
| 5655 : if line =~ 'Date' | echo line | endif | |
| 5656 :endfor | |
| 233 | 5657 < When {max} is negative -{max} lines from the end of the file |
| 5658 are returned, or as many as there are. | |
| 5659 When {max} is zero the result is an empty list. | |
| 168 | 5660 Note that without {max} the whole file is read into memory. |
| 5661 Also note that there is no recognition of encoding. Read a | |
| 5662 file into a buffer if you need to. | |
| 158 | 5663 When the file can't be opened an error message is given and |
| 5664 the result is an empty list. | |
| 5665 Also see |writefile()|. | |
| 5666 | |
| 794 | 5667 reltime([{start} [, {end}]]) *reltime()* |
| 5668 Return an item that represents a time value. The format of | |
| 5669 the item depends on the system. It can be passed to | |
|
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|
5670 |reltimestr()| to convert it to a string or |reltimefloat()| |
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|
5671 to convert to a Float. |
| 794 | 5672 Without an argument it returns the current time. |
| 5673 With one argument is returns the time passed since the time | |
| 5674 specified in the argument. | |
| 843 | 5675 With two arguments it returns the time passed between {start} |
| 794 | 5676 and {end}. |
| 5677 The {start} and {end} arguments must be values returned by | |
| 5678 reltime(). | |
|
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|
5679 {only available when compiled with the |+reltime| feature} |
| 794 | 5680 |
|
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|
5681 reltimefloat({time}) *reltimefloat()* |
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|
5682 Return a Float that represents the time value of {time}. |
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|
5683 Example: > |
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|
5684 let start = reltime() |
|
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|
5685 call MyFunction() |
|
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|
5686 let seconds = reltimefloat(reltime(start)) |
|
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|
5687 < See the note of reltimestr() about overhead. |
|
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|
5688 Also see |profiling|. |
|
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|
5689 {only available when compiled with the |+reltime| feature} |
|
47f17f66da3d
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
5690 |
| 794 | 5691 reltimestr({time}) *reltimestr()* |
| 5692 Return a String that represents the time value of {time}. | |
| 5693 This is the number of seconds, a dot and the number of | |
| 5694 microseconds. Example: > | |
| 5695 let start = reltime() | |
| 5696 call MyFunction() | |
| 5697 echo reltimestr(reltime(start)) | |
| 5698 < Note that overhead for the commands will be added to the time. | |
| 5699 The accuracy depends on the system. | |
| 1156 | 5700 Leading spaces are used to make the string align nicely. You |
| 5701 can use split() to remove it. > | |
| 5702 echo split(reltimestr(reltime(start)))[0] | |
| 5703 < Also see |profiling|. | |
|
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diff
changeset
|
5704 {only available when compiled with the |+reltime| feature} |
| 794 | 5705 |
| 7 | 5706 *remote_expr()* *E449* |
| 5707 remote_expr({server}, {string} [, {idvar}]) | |
| 1621 | 5708 Send the {string} to {server}. The string is sent as an |
| 7 | 5709 expression and the result is returned after evaluation. |
| 714 | 5710 The result must be a String or a |List|. A |List| is turned |
| 5711 into a String by joining the items with a line break in | |
| 5712 between (not at the end), like with join(expr, "\n"). | |
| 7 | 5713 If {idvar} is present, it is taken as the name of a |
| 5714 variable and a {serverid} for later use with | |
| 5715 remote_read() is stored there. | |
| 5716 See also |clientserver| |RemoteReply|. | |
| 5717 This function is not available in the |sandbox|. | |
| 5718 {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} | |
| 5719 Note: Any errors will cause a local error message to be issued | |
| 5720 and the result will be the empty string. | |
| 5721 Examples: > | |
| 5722 :echo remote_expr("gvim", "2+2") | |
| 5723 :echo remote_expr("gvim1", "b:current_syntax") | |
| 5724 < | |
| 5725 | |
| 5726 remote_foreground({server}) *remote_foreground()* | |
| 5727 Move the Vim server with the name {server} to the foreground. | |
| 5728 This works like: > | |
| 5729 remote_expr({server}, "foreground()") | |
| 5730 < Except that on Win32 systems the client does the work, to work | |
| 5731 around the problem that the OS doesn't always allow the server | |
| 5732 to bring itself to the foreground. | |
| 574 | 5733 Note: This does not restore the window if it was minimized, |
| 5734 like foreground() does. | |
| 7 | 5735 This function is not available in the |sandbox|. |
| 5736 {only in the Win32, Athena, Motif and GTK GUI versions and the | |
| 5737 Win32 console version} | |
| 5738 | |
| 5739 | |
| 5740 remote_peek({serverid} [, {retvar}]) *remote_peek()* | |
| 5741 Returns a positive number if there are available strings | |
| 5742 from {serverid}. Copies any reply string into the variable | |
| 1621 | 5743 {retvar} if specified. {retvar} must be a string with the |
| 7 | 5744 name of a variable. |
| 5745 Returns zero if none are available. | |
| 5746 Returns -1 if something is wrong. | |
| 5747 See also |clientserver|. | |
| 5748 This function is not available in the |sandbox|. | |
| 5749 {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} | |
| 5750 Examples: > | |
| 5751 :let repl = "" | |
| 5752 :echo "PEEK: ".remote_peek(id, "repl").": ".repl | |
| 5753 | |
| 5754 remote_read({serverid}) *remote_read()* | |
| 5755 Return the oldest available reply from {serverid} and consume | |
| 5756 it. It blocks until a reply is available. | |
| 5757 See also |clientserver|. | |
| 5758 This function is not available in the |sandbox|. | |
| 5759 {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} | |
| 5760 Example: > | |
| 5761 :echo remote_read(id) | |
| 5762 < | |
| 5763 *remote_send()* *E241* | |
| 5764 remote_send({server}, {string} [, {idvar}]) | |
| 1621 | 5765 Send the {string} to {server}. The string is sent as input |
| 22 | 5766 keys and the function returns immediately. At the Vim server |
| 5767 the keys are not mapped |:map|. | |
| 667 | 5768 If {idvar} is present, it is taken as the name of a variable |
| 5769 and a {serverid} for later use with remote_read() is stored | |
| 5770 there. | |
| 7 | 5771 See also |clientserver| |RemoteReply|. |
| 5772 This function is not available in the |sandbox|. | |
| 5773 {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} | |
| 5774 Note: Any errors will be reported in the server and may mess | |
| 5775 up the display. | |
| 5776 Examples: > | |
| 5777 :echo remote_send("gvim", ":DropAndReply ".file, "serverid"). | |
| 5778 \ remote_read(serverid) | |
| 5779 | |
| 5780 :autocmd NONE RemoteReply * | |
| 5781 \ echo remote_read(expand("<amatch>")) | |
| 5782 :echo remote_send("gvim", ":sleep 10 | echo ". | |
| 5783 \ 'server2client(expand("<client>"), "HELLO")<CR>') | |
| 82 | 5784 < |
| 79 | 5785 remove({list}, {idx} [, {end}]) *remove()* |
| 685 | 5786 Without {end}: Remove the item at {idx} from |List| {list} and |
|
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|
5787 return the item. |
| 79 | 5788 With {end}: Remove items from {idx} to {end} (inclusive) and |
|
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|
5789 return a List with these items. When {idx} points to the same |
| 79 | 5790 item as {end} a list with one item is returned. When {end} |
| 5791 points to an item before {idx} this is an error. | |
| 5792 See |list-index| for possible values of {idx} and {end}. | |
| 55 | 5793 Example: > |
| 5794 :echo "last item: " . remove(mylist, -1) | |
| 79 | 5795 :call remove(mylist, 0, 9) |
| 99 | 5796 remove({dict}, {key}) |
| 5797 Remove the entry from {dict} with key {key}. Example: > | |
| 5798 :echo "removed " . remove(dict, "one") | |
| 5799 < If there is no {key} in {dict} this is an error. | |
| 5800 | |
| 5801 Use |delete()| to remove a file. | |
| 55 | 5802 |
| 7 | 5803 rename({from}, {to}) *rename()* |
| 5804 Rename the file by the name {from} to the name {to}. This | |
| 5805 should also work to move files across file systems. The | |
| 5806 result is a Number, which is 0 if the file was renamed | |
| 5807 successfully, and non-zero when the renaming failed. | |
| 1851 | 5808 NOTE: If {to} exists it is overwritten without warning. |
| 7 | 5809 This function is not available in the |sandbox|. |
| 5810 | |
| 18 | 5811 repeat({expr}, {count}) *repeat()* |
| 5812 Repeat {expr} {count} times and return the concatenated | |
| 5813 result. Example: > | |
| 843 | 5814 :let separator = repeat('-', 80) |
| 18 | 5815 < When {count} is zero or negative the result is empty. |
| 685 | 5816 When {expr} is a |List| the result is {expr} concatenated |
| 1621 | 5817 {count} times. Example: > |
| 79 | 5818 :let longlist = repeat(['a', 'b'], 3) |
| 5819 < Results in ['a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'a', 'b']. | |
| 18 | 5820 |
| 82 | 5821 |
| 7 | 5822 resolve({filename}) *resolve()* *E655* |
| 5823 On MS-Windows, when {filename} is a shortcut (a .lnk file), | |
| 5824 returns the path the shortcut points to in a simplified form. | |
| 5825 On Unix, repeat resolving symbolic links in all path | |
| 5826 components of {filename} and return the simplified result. | |
| 5827 To cope with link cycles, resolving of symbolic links is | |
| 5828 stopped after 100 iterations. | |
| 5829 On other systems, return the simplified {filename}. | |
| 5830 The simplification step is done as by |simplify()|. | |
| 5831 resolve() keeps a leading path component specifying the | |
| 5832 current directory (provided the result is still a relative | |
| 5833 path name) and also keeps a trailing path separator. | |
| 5834 | |
| 82 | 5835 *reverse()* |
| 1621 | 5836 reverse({list}) Reverse the order of items in {list} in-place. Returns |
| 82 | 5837 {list}. |
| 5838 If you want a list to remain unmodified make a copy first: > | |
| 5839 :let revlist = reverse(copy(mylist)) | |
| 5840 | |
| 1621 | 5841 round({expr}) *round()* |
| 1668 | 5842 Round off {expr} to the nearest integral value and return it |
| 1621 | 5843 as a |Float|. If {expr} lies halfway between two integral |
| 5844 values, then use the larger one (away from zero). | |
| 5845 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 5846 Examples: > | |
| 5847 echo round(0.456) | |
| 5848 < 0.0 > | |
| 5849 echo round(4.5) | |
| 5850 < 5.0 > | |
| 5851 echo round(-4.5) | |
| 5852 < -5.0 | |
| 5853 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 3996 | 5854 |
|
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5855 screenattr(row, col) *screenattr()* |
|
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5856 Like screenchar(), but return the attribute. This is a rather |
|
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5857 arbitrary number that can only be used to compare to the |
|
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|
5858 attribute at other positions. |
|
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5859 |
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5860 screenchar(row, col) *screenchar()* |
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|
5861 The result is a Number, which is the character at position |
|
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|
5862 [row, col] on the screen. This works for every possible |
|
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|
5863 screen position, also status lines, window separators and the |
|
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|
5864 command line. The top left position is row one, column one |
|
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|
5865 The character excludes composing characters. For double-byte |
|
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5866 encodings it may only be the first byte. |
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5867 This is mainly to be used for testing. |
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|
5868 Returns -1 when row or col is out of range. |
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5869 |
| 3996 | 5870 screencol() *screencol()* |
| 5871 The result is a Number, which is the current screen column of | |
| 5872 the cursor. The leftmost column has number 1. | |
| 5873 This function is mainly used for testing. | |
| 5874 | |
| 5875 Note: Always returns the current screen column, thus if used | |
| 5876 in a command (e.g. ":echo screencol()") it will return the | |
| 5877 column inside the command line, which is 1 when the command is | |
| 5878 executed. To get the cursor position in the file use one of | |
| 5879 the following mappings: > | |
| 5880 nnoremap <expr> GG ":echom ".screencol()."\n" | |
| 5881 nnoremap <silent> GG :echom screencol()<CR> | |
| 5882 < | |
| 5883 screenrow() *screenrow()* | |
| 5884 The result is a Number, which is the current screen row of the | |
| 5885 cursor. The top line has number one. | |
| 5886 This function is mainly used for testing. | |
| 5887 | |
| 5888 Note: Same restrictions as with |screencol()|. | |
| 5889 | |
| 1496 | 5890 search({pattern} [, {flags} [, {stopline} [, {timeout}]]]) *search()* |
| 7 | 5891 Search for regexp pattern {pattern}. The search starts at the |
| 119 | 5892 cursor position (you can use |cursor()| to set it). |
| 707 | 5893 |
| 3967 | 5894 When a match has been found its line number is returned. |
| 3312 | 5895 If there is no match a 0 is returned and the cursor doesn't |
| 5896 move. No error message is given. | |
| 5897 | |
| 7 | 5898 {flags} is a String, which can contain these character flags: |
|
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|
5899 'b' search Backward instead of forward |
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|
5900 'c' accept a match at the Cursor position |
| 712 | 5901 'e' move to the End of the match |
| 20 | 5902 'n' do Not move the cursor |
|
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|
5903 'p' return number of matching sub-Pattern (see below) |
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|
5904 's' Set the ' mark at the previous location of the cursor |
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5905 'w' Wrap around the end of the file |
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5906 'W' don't Wrap around the end of the file |
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|
5907 'z' start searching at the cursor column instead of zero |
| 7 | 5908 If neither 'w' or 'W' is given, the 'wrapscan' option applies. |
| 5909 | |
| 444 | 5910 If the 's' flag is supplied, the ' mark is set, only if the |
| 5911 cursor is moved. The 's' flag cannot be combined with the 'n' | |
| 5912 flag. | |
| 5913 | |
| 1156 | 5914 'ignorecase', 'smartcase' and 'magic' are used. |
|
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|
5915 |
|
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5916 When the 'z' flag is not given, searching always starts in |
|
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|
5917 column zero and then matches before the cursor are skipped. |
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5918 When the 'c' flag is present in 'cpo' the next search starts |
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5919 after the match. Without the 'c' flag the next search starts |
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|
5920 one column further. |
| 1156 | 5921 |
| 692 | 5922 When the {stopline} argument is given then the search stops |
| 5923 after searching this line. This is useful to restrict the | |
| 5924 search to a range of lines. Examples: > | |
| 5925 let match = search('(', 'b', line("w0")) | |
| 5926 let end = search('END', '', line("w$")) | |
| 5927 < When {stopline} is used and it is not zero this also implies | |
| 5928 that the search does not wrap around the end of the file. | |
| 1496 | 5929 A zero value is equal to not giving the argument. |
| 5930 | |
| 5931 When the {timeout} argument is given the search stops when | |
| 3513 | 5932 more than this many milliseconds have passed. Thus when |
| 1496 | 5933 {timeout} is 500 the search stops after half a second. |
| 5934 The value must not be negative. A zero value is like not | |
| 5935 giving the argument. | |
|
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|
5936 {only available when compiled with the |+reltime| feature} |
| 692 | 5937 |
| 714 | 5938 *search()-sub-match* |
| 5939 With the 'p' flag the returned value is one more than the | |
| 5940 first sub-match in \(\). One if none of them matched but the | |
| 5941 whole pattern did match. | |
| 712 | 5942 To get the column number too use |searchpos()|. |
| 5943 | |
| 20 | 5944 The cursor will be positioned at the match, unless the 'n' |
| 707 | 5945 flag is used. |
| 7 | 5946 |
| 5947 Example (goes over all files in the argument list): > | |
| 5948 :let n = 1 | |
| 5949 :while n <= argc() " loop over all files in arglist | |
| 5950 : exe "argument " . n | |
| 5951 : " start at the last char in the file and wrap for the | |
| 5952 : " first search to find match at start of file | |
| 5953 : normal G$ | |
| 5954 : let flags = "w" | |
| 5955 : while search("foo", flags) > 0 | |
| 1621 | 5956 : s/foo/bar/g |
| 7 | 5957 : let flags = "W" |
| 5958 : endwhile | |
| 5959 : update " write the file if modified | |
| 5960 : let n = n + 1 | |
| 5961 :endwhile | |
| 5962 < | |
| 712 | 5963 Example for using some flags: > |
| 5964 :echo search('\<if\|\(else\)\|\(endif\)', 'ncpe') | |
| 5965 < This will search for the keywords "if", "else", and "endif" | |
| 5966 under or after the cursor. Because of the 'p' flag, it | |
| 5967 returns 1, 2, or 3 depending on which keyword is found, or 0 | |
| 5968 if the search fails. With the cursor on the first word of the | |
| 5969 line: | |
| 5970 if (foo == 0) | let foo = foo + 1 | endif ~ | |
| 5971 the function returns 1. Without the 'c' flag, the function | |
| 5972 finds the "endif" and returns 3. The same thing happens | |
| 5973 without the 'e' flag if the cursor is on the "f" of "if". | |
| 5974 The 'n' flag tells the function not to move the cursor. | |
| 5975 | |
| 504 | 5976 |
| 523 | 5977 searchdecl({name} [, {global} [, {thisblock}]]) *searchdecl()* |
| 5978 Search for the declaration of {name}. | |
| 856 | 5979 |
| 523 | 5980 With a non-zero {global} argument it works like |gD|, find |
| 5981 first match in the file. Otherwise it works like |gd|, find | |
| 5982 first match in the function. | |
| 5983 | |
| 5984 With a non-zero {thisblock} argument matches in a {} block | |
| 5985 that ends before the cursor position are ignored. Avoids | |
| 5986 finding variable declarations only valid in another scope. | |
| 5987 | |
| 504 | 5988 Moves the cursor to the found match. |
| 5989 Returns zero for success, non-zero for failure. | |
| 5990 Example: > | |
| 5991 if searchdecl('myvar') == 0 | |
| 5992 echo getline('.') | |
| 5993 endif | |
| 5994 < | |
| 7 | 5995 *searchpair()* |
| 1496 | 5996 searchpair({start}, {middle}, {end} [, {flags} [, {skip} |
| 5997 [, {stopline} [, {timeout}]]]]) | |
| 7 | 5998 Search for the match of a nested start-end pair. This can be |
| 5999 used to find the "endif" that matches an "if", while other | |
| 6000 if/endif pairs in between are ignored. | |
| 677 | 6001 The search starts at the cursor. The default is to search |
| 6002 forward, include 'b' in {flags} to search backward. | |
| 6003 If a match is found, the cursor is positioned at it and the | |
| 6004 line number is returned. If no match is found 0 or -1 is | |
| 6005 returned and the cursor doesn't move. No error message is | |
| 6006 given. | |
| 7 | 6007 |
| 6008 {start}, {middle} and {end} are patterns, see |pattern|. They | |
| 6009 must not contain \( \) pairs. Use of \%( \) is allowed. When | |
| 6010 {middle} is not empty, it is found when searching from either | |
| 6011 direction, but only when not in a nested start-end pair. A | |
| 6012 typical use is: > | |
| 6013 searchpair('\<if\>', '\<else\>', '\<endif\>') | |
| 6014 < By leaving {middle} empty the "else" is skipped. | |
| 6015 | |
| 712 | 6016 {flags} 'b', 'c', 'n', 's', 'w' and 'W' are used like with |
| 6017 |search()|. Additionally: | |
| 7 | 6018 'r' Repeat until no more matches found; will find the |
| 1621 | 6019 outer pair. Implies the 'W' flag. |
| 6020 'm' Return number of matches instead of line number with | |
| 712 | 6021 the match; will be > 1 when 'r' is used. |
| 1621 | 6022 Note: it's nearly always a good idea to use the 'W' flag, to |
| 6023 avoid wrapping around the end of the file. | |
| 7 | 6024 |
| 6025 When a match for {start}, {middle} or {end} is found, the | |
| 6026 {skip} expression is evaluated with the cursor positioned on | |
| 6027 the start of the match. It should return non-zero if this | |
| 6028 match is to be skipped. E.g., because it is inside a comment | |
| 6029 or a string. | |
| 6030 When {skip} is omitted or empty, every match is accepted. | |
| 6031 When evaluating {skip} causes an error the search is aborted | |
| 6032 and -1 returned. | |
| 6033 | |
| 1496 | 6034 For {stopline} and {timeout} see |search()|. |
| 692 | 6035 |
| 7 | 6036 The value of 'ignorecase' is used. 'magic' is ignored, the |
| 6037 patterns are used like it's on. | |
| 6038 | |
| 6039 The search starts exactly at the cursor. A match with | |
| 6040 {start}, {middle} or {end} at the next character, in the | |
| 6041 direction of searching, is the first one found. Example: > | |
| 6042 if 1 | |
| 6043 if 2 | |
| 6044 endif 2 | |
| 6045 endif 1 | |
| 6046 < When starting at the "if 2", with the cursor on the "i", and | |
| 6047 searching forwards, the "endif 2" is found. When starting on | |
| 6048 the character just before the "if 2", the "endif 1" will be | |
| 1621 | 6049 found. That's because the "if 2" will be found first, and |
| 7 | 6050 then this is considered to be a nested if/endif from "if 2" to |
| 6051 "endif 2". | |
| 6052 When searching backwards and {end} is more than one character, | |
| 6053 it may be useful to put "\zs" at the end of the pattern, so | |
| 6054 that when the cursor is inside a match with the end it finds | |
| 6055 the matching start. | |
| 6056 | |
| 6057 Example, to find the "endif" command in a Vim script: > | |
| 6058 | |
| 6059 :echo searchpair('\<if\>', '\<el\%[seif]\>', '\<en\%[dif]\>', 'W', | |
| 6060 \ 'getline(".") =~ "^\\s*\""') | |
| 6061 | |
| 6062 < The cursor must be at or after the "if" for which a match is | |
| 6063 to be found. Note that single-quote strings are used to avoid | |
| 6064 having to double the backslashes. The skip expression only | |
| 6065 catches comments at the start of a line, not after a command. | |
| 6066 Also, a word "en" or "if" halfway a line is considered a | |
| 6067 match. | |
| 6068 Another example, to search for the matching "{" of a "}": > | |
| 6069 | |
| 6070 :echo searchpair('{', '', '}', 'bW') | |
| 6071 | |
| 6072 < This works when the cursor is at or before the "}" for which a | |
| 6073 match is to be found. To reject matches that syntax | |
| 6074 highlighting recognized as strings: > | |
| 6075 | |
| 6076 :echo searchpair('{', '', '}', 'bW', | |
| 6077 \ 'synIDattr(synID(line("."), col("."), 0), "name") =~? "string"') | |
| 6078 < | |
| 667 | 6079 *searchpairpos()* |
| 1496 | 6080 searchpairpos({start}, {middle}, {end} [, {flags} [, {skip} |
| 6081 [, {stopline} [, {timeout}]]]]) | |
|
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|
6082 Same as |searchpair()|, but returns a |List| with the line and |
| 685 | 6083 column position of the match. The first element of the |List| |
| 6084 is the line number and the second element is the byte index of | |
| 667 | 6085 the column position of the match. If no match is found, |
|
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|
6086 returns [0, 0]. > |
|
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|
6087 |
| 667 | 6088 :let [lnum,col] = searchpairpos('{', '', '}', 'n') |
| 6089 < | |
| 6090 See |match-parens| for a bigger and more useful example. | |
| 6091 | |
| 1496 | 6092 searchpos({pattern} [, {flags} [, {stopline} [, {timeout}]]]) *searchpos()* |
| 692 | 6093 Same as |search()|, but returns a |List| with the line and |
| 685 | 6094 column position of the match. The first element of the |List| |
| 6095 is the line number and the second element is the byte index of | |
| 6096 the column position of the match. If no match is found, | |
| 6097 returns [0, 0]. | |
| 714 | 6098 Example: > |
| 6099 :let [lnum, col] = searchpos('mypattern', 'n') | |
| 6100 | |
| 6101 < When the 'p' flag is given then there is an extra item with | |
| 6102 the sub-pattern match number |search()-sub-match|. Example: > | |
| 6103 :let [lnum, col, submatch] = searchpos('\(\l\)\|\(\u\)', 'np') | |
| 6104 < In this example "submatch" is 2 when a lowercase letter is | |
| 6105 found |/\l|, 3 when an uppercase letter is found |/\u|. | |
| 6106 | |
|
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changeset
|
6107 server2client({clientid}, {string}) *server2client()* |
| 7 | 6108 Send a reply string to {clientid}. The most recent {clientid} |
| 6109 that sent a string can be retrieved with expand("<client>"). | |
| 6110 {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} | |
| 6111 Note: | |
| 6112 This id has to be stored before the next command can be | |
| 236 | 6113 received. I.e. before returning from the received command and |
| 7 | 6114 before calling any commands that waits for input. |
| 6115 See also |clientserver|. | |
| 6116 Example: > | |
| 6117 :echo server2client(expand("<client>"), "HELLO") | |
| 6118 < | |
| 6119 serverlist() *serverlist()* | |
| 6120 Return a list of available server names, one per line. | |
| 6121 When there are no servers or the information is not available | |
| 6122 an empty string is returned. See also |clientserver|. | |
| 6123 {only available when compiled with the |+clientserver| feature} | |
| 6124 Example: > | |
| 6125 :echo serverlist() | |
| 6126 < | |
| 6127 setbufvar({expr}, {varname}, {val}) *setbufvar()* | |
| 6128 Set option or local variable {varname} in buffer {expr} to | |
| 6129 {val}. | |
| 6130 This also works for a global or local window option, but it | |
| 6131 doesn't work for a global or local window variable. | |
| 6132 For a local window option the global value is unchanged. | |
| 6133 For the use of {expr}, see |bufname()| above. | |
| 6134 Note that the variable name without "b:" must be used. | |
| 6135 Examples: > | |
| 6136 :call setbufvar(1, "&mod", 1) | |
| 6137 :call setbufvar("todo", "myvar", "foobar") | |
| 6138 < This function is not available in the |sandbox|. | |
| 6139 | |
|
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6140 setcharsearch({dict}) *setcharsearch()* |
| 6991 | 6141 Set the current character search information to {dict}, |
| 6142 which contains one or more of the following entries: | |
| 6143 | |
| 6144 char character which will be used for a subsequent | |
| 6145 |,| or |;| command; an empty string clears the | |
| 6146 character search | |
| 6147 forward direction of character search; 1 for forward, | |
| 6148 0 for backward | |
| 6149 until type of character search; 1 for a |t| or |T| | |
| 6150 character search, 0 for an |f| or |F| | |
| 6151 character search | |
| 6152 | |
| 6153 This can be useful to save/restore a user's character search | |
| 6154 from a script: > | |
| 6155 :let prevsearch = getcharsearch() | |
| 6156 :" Perform a command which clobbers user's search | |
| 6157 :call setcharsearch(prevsearch) | |
| 6158 < Also see |getcharsearch()|. | |
| 6159 | |
| 7 | 6160 setcmdpos({pos}) *setcmdpos()* |
| 6161 Set the cursor position in the command line to byte position | |
| 1621 | 6162 {pos}. The first position is 1. |
| 7 | 6163 Use |getcmdpos()| to obtain the current position. |
| 6164 Only works while editing the command line, thus you must use | |
| 99 | 6165 |c_CTRL-\_e|, |c_CTRL-R_=| or |c_CTRL-R_CTRL-R| with '='. For |
| 6166 |c_CTRL-\_e| and |c_CTRL-R_CTRL-R| with '=' the position is | |
| 6167 set after the command line is set to the expression. For | |
| 6168 |c_CTRL-R_=| it is set after evaluating the expression but | |
| 6169 before inserting the resulting text. | |
| 7 | 6170 When the number is too big the cursor is put at the end of the |
| 6171 line. A number smaller than one has undefined results. | |
| 6172 Returns 0 when successful, 1 when not editing the command | |
| 6173 line. | |
| 6174 | |
|
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6175 setfperm({fname}, {mode}) *setfperm()* *chmod* |
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6176 Set the file permissions for {fname} to {mode}. |
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6177 {mode} must be a string with 9 characters. It is of the form |
|
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6178 "rwxrwxrwx", where each group of "rwx" flags represent, in |
|
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6179 turn, the permissions of the owner of the file, the group the |
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6180 file belongs to, and other users. A '-' character means the |
|
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6181 permission is off, any other character means on. Multi-byte |
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6182 characters are not supported. |
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|
6183 |
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|
6184 For example "rw-r-----" means read-write for the user, |
|
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6185 readable by the group, not accessible by others. "xx-x-----" |
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|
6186 would do the same thing. |
|
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|
6187 |
|
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|
6188 Returns non-zero for success, zero for failure. |
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6189 |
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|
6190 To read permissions see |getfperm()|. |
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6191 |
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diff
changeset
|
6192 |
| 1621 | 6193 setline({lnum}, {text}) *setline()* |
| 3312 | 6194 Set line {lnum} of the current buffer to {text}. To insert |
| 6195 lines use |append()|. | |
| 236 | 6196 {lnum} is used like with |getline()|. |
| 1621 | 6197 When {lnum} is just below the last line the {text} will be |
| 282 | 6198 added as a new line. |
| 236 | 6199 If this succeeds, 0 is returned. If this fails (most likely |
| 6200 because {lnum} is invalid) 1 is returned. Example: > | |
| 7 | 6201 :call setline(5, strftime("%c")) |
| 1621 | 6202 < When {text} is a |List| then line {lnum} and following lines |
| 282 | 6203 will be set to the items in the list. Example: > |
| 6204 :call setline(5, ['aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc']) | |
| 6205 < This is equivalent to: > | |
| 3465 | 6206 :for [n, l] in [[5, 'aaa'], [6, 'bbb'], [7, 'ccc']] |
| 282 | 6207 : call setline(n, l) |
| 6208 :endfor | |
| 7 | 6209 < Note: The '[ and '] marks are not set. |
| 6210 | |
| 647 | 6211 setloclist({nr}, {list} [, {action}]) *setloclist()* |
| 6212 Create or replace or add to the location list for window {nr}. | |
| 6213 When {nr} is zero the current window is used. For a location | |
| 648 | 6214 list window, the displayed location list is modified. For an |
| 6215 invalid window number {nr}, -1 is returned. | |
| 1326 | 6216 Otherwise, same as |setqflist()|. |
| 6217 Also see |location-list|. | |
| 6218 | |
| 6219 setmatches({list}) *setmatches()* | |
| 6220 Restores a list of matches saved by |getmatches()|. Returns 0 | |
| 1621 | 6221 if successful, otherwise -1. All current matches are cleared |
| 1326 | 6222 before the list is restored. See example for |getmatches()|. |
| 230 | 6223 |
| 707 | 6224 *setpos()* |
| 6225 setpos({expr}, {list}) | |
| 6226 Set the position for {expr}. Possible values: | |
| 6227 . the cursor | |
| 6228 'x mark x | |
| 6229 | |
| 5938 | 6230 {list} must be a |List| with four or five numbers: |
| 707 | 6231 [bufnum, lnum, col, off] |
| 5938 | 6232 [bufnum, lnum, col, off, curswant] |
| 707 | 6233 |
| 1621 | 6234 "bufnum" is the buffer number. Zero can be used for the |
| 856 | 6235 current buffer. Setting the cursor is only possible for |
| 707 | 6236 the current buffer. To set a mark in another buffer you can |
| 6237 use the |bufnr()| function to turn a file name into a buffer | |
| 6238 number. | |
| 798 | 6239 Does not change the jumplist. |
| 707 | 6240 |
| 6241 "lnum" and "col" are the position in the buffer. The first | |
|
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|
6242 column is 1. Use a zero "lnum" to delete a mark. If "col" is |
|
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diff
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|
6243 smaller than 1 then 1 is used. |
| 707 | 6244 |
| 6245 The "off" number is only used when 'virtualedit' is set. Then | |
| 6246 it is the offset in screen columns from the start of the | |
| 1266 | 6247 character. E.g., a position within a <Tab> or after the last |
| 707 | 6248 character. |
| 6249 | |
| 5938 | 6250 The "curswant" number is only used when setting the cursor |
| 6251 position. It sets the preferred column for when moving the | |
| 6252 cursor vertically. When the "curswant" number is missing the | |
| 6253 preferred column is not set. When it is present and setting a | |
| 6254 mark position it is not used. | |
| 6255 | |
| 5555 | 6256 Note that for '< and '> changing the line number may result in |
| 6257 the marks to be effectively be swapped, so that '< is always | |
| 6258 before '>. | |
| 6259 | |
| 1533 | 6260 Returns 0 when the position could be set, -1 otherwise. |
| 6261 An error message is given if {expr} is invalid. | |
| 6262 | |
| 5944 | 6263 Also see |getpos()| and |getcurpos()|. |
| 707 | 6264 |
| 1156 | 6265 This does not restore the preferred column for moving |
| 5938 | 6266 vertically; if you set the cursor position with this, |j| and |
| 6267 |k| motions will jump to previous columns! Use |cursor()| to | |
| 6268 also set the preferred column. Also see the "curswant" key in | |
| 6269 |winrestview()|. | |
| 1156 | 6270 |
| 707 | 6271 |
| 277 | 6272 setqflist({list} [, {action}]) *setqflist()* |
| 647 | 6273 Create or replace or add to the quickfix list using the items |
| 6274 in {list}. Each item in {list} is a dictionary. | |
| 6275 Non-dictionary items in {list} are ignored. Each dictionary | |
| 6276 item can contain the following entries: | |
| 230 | 6277 |
| 1065 | 6278 bufnr buffer number; must be the number of a valid |
| 1621 | 6279 buffer |
| 1065 | 6280 filename name of a file; only used when "bufnr" is not |
| 1621 | 6281 present or it is invalid. |
| 230 | 6282 lnum line number in the file |
| 233 | 6283 pattern search pattern used to locate the error |
| 230 | 6284 col column number |
| 233 | 6285 vcol when non-zero: "col" is visual column |
| 856 | 6286 when zero: "col" is byte index |
| 233 | 6287 nr error number |
| 230 | 6288 text description of the error |
| 233 | 6289 type single-character error type, 'E', 'W', etc. |
| 6290 | |
| 6291 The "col", "vcol", "nr", "type" and "text" entries are | |
| 6292 optional. Either "lnum" or "pattern" entry can be used to | |
| 6293 locate a matching error line. | |
| 1065 | 6294 If the "filename" and "bufnr" entries are not present or |
| 6295 neither the "lnum" or "pattern" entries are present, then the | |
| 6296 item will not be handled as an error line. | |
| 230 | 6297 If both "pattern" and "lnum" are present then "pattern" will |
| 6298 be used. | |
| 2152 | 6299 If you supply an empty {list}, the quickfix list will be |
| 6300 cleared. | |
| 1065 | 6301 Note that the list is not exactly the same as what |
| 6302 |getqflist()| returns. | |
| 230 | 6303 |
| 277 | 6304 If {action} is set to 'a', then the items from {list} are |
| 6305 added to the existing quickfix list. If there is no existing | |
| 6306 list, then a new list is created. If {action} is set to 'r', | |
| 6307 then the items from the current quickfix list are replaced | |
| 6308 with the items from {list}. If {action} is not present or is | |
| 6309 set to ' ', then a new list is created. | |
| 6310 | |
| 230 | 6311 Returns zero for success, -1 for failure. |
| 6312 | |
| 6313 This function can be used to create a quickfix list | |
| 6314 independent of the 'errorformat' setting. Use a command like | |
| 6315 ":cc 1" to jump to the first position. | |
| 6316 | |
| 6317 | |
| 7 | 6318 *setreg()* |
|
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|
6319 setreg({regname}, {value} [, {options}]) |
| 7 | 6320 Set the register {regname} to {value}. |
| 5798 | 6321 {value} may be any value returned by |getreg()|, including |
| 6322 a |List|. | |
| 7 | 6323 If {options} contains "a" or {regname} is upper case, |
| 6324 then the value is appended. | |
| 2423 | 6325 {options} can also contain a register type specification: |
| 7 | 6326 "c" or "v" |characterwise| mode |
| 6327 "l" or "V" |linewise| mode | |
| 6328 "b" or "<CTRL-V>" |blockwise-visual| mode | |
| 6329 If a number immediately follows "b" or "<CTRL-V>" then this is | |
| 6330 used as the width of the selection - if it is not specified | |
| 6331 then the width of the block is set to the number of characters | |
| 1266 | 6332 in the longest line (counting a <Tab> as 1 character). |
| 7 | 6333 |
| 6334 If {options} contains no register settings, then the default | |
| 5798 | 6335 is to use character mode unless {value} ends in a <NL> for |
| 6336 string {value} and linewise mode for list {value}. Blockwise | |
| 6337 mode is never selected automatically. | |
| 6338 Returns zero for success, non-zero for failure. | |
| 6339 | |
| 6340 *E883* | |
| 6180 | 6341 Note: you may not use |List| containing more than one item to |
| 5798 | 6342 set search and expression registers. Lists containing no |
| 6343 items act like empty strings. | |
| 7 | 6344 |
| 6345 Examples: > | |
| 6346 :call setreg(v:register, @*) | |
| 6347 :call setreg('*', @%, 'ac') | |
| 6348 :call setreg('a', "1\n2\n3", 'b5') | |
| 6349 | |
| 6350 < This example shows using the functions to save and restore a | |
| 5798 | 6351 register (note: you may not reliably restore register value |
| 6352 without using the third argument to |getreg()| as without it | |
| 6353 newlines are represented as newlines AND Nul bytes are | |
| 6354 represented as newlines as well, see |NL-used-for-Nul|). > | |
| 6355 :let var_a = getreg('a', 1, 1) | |
| 7 | 6356 :let var_amode = getregtype('a') |
| 6357 .... | |
| 6358 :call setreg('a', var_a, var_amode) | |
| 6359 | |
| 6360 < You can also change the type of a register by appending | |
| 6361 nothing: > | |
| 6362 :call setreg('a', '', 'al') | |
| 6363 | |
|
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6364 settabvar({tabnr}, {varname}, {val}) *settabvar()* |
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|
6365 Set tab-local variable {varname} to {val} in tab page {tabnr}. |
|
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6366 |t:var| |
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|
6367 Note that the variable name without "t:" must be used. |
|
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|
6368 Tabs are numbered starting with one. |
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|
6369 This function is not available in the |sandbox|. |
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6370 |
| 831 | 6371 settabwinvar({tabnr}, {winnr}, {varname}, {val}) *settabwinvar()* |
| 6372 Set option or local variable {varname} in window {winnr} to | |
| 6373 {val}. | |
| 6374 Tabs are numbered starting with one. For the current tabpage | |
| 6375 use |setwinvar()|. | |
| 6376 When {winnr} is zero the current window is used. | |
| 7 | 6377 This also works for a global or local buffer option, but it |
| 6378 doesn't work for a global or local buffer variable. | |
| 6379 For a local buffer option the global value is unchanged. | |
| 6380 Note that the variable name without "w:" must be used. | |
| 831 | 6381 Examples: > |
| 6382 :call settabwinvar(1, 1, "&list", 0) | |
| 6383 :call settabwinvar(3, 2, "myvar", "foobar") | |
| 6384 < This function is not available in the |sandbox|. | |
| 6385 | |
| 6386 setwinvar({nr}, {varname}, {val}) *setwinvar()* | |
| 6387 Like |settabwinvar()| for the current tab page. | |
| 7 | 6388 Examples: > |
| 6389 :call setwinvar(1, "&list", 0) | |
| 6390 :call setwinvar(2, "myvar", "foobar") | |
| 6391 | |
| 4126 | 6392 sha256({string}) *sha256()* |
| 6647 | 6393 Returns a String with 64 hex characters, which is the SHA256 |
| 4126 | 6394 checksum of {string}. |
| 6395 {only available when compiled with the |+cryptv| feature} | |
| 6396 | |
| 1661 | 6397 shellescape({string} [, {special}]) *shellescape()* |
|
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diff
changeset
|
6398 Escape {string} for use as a shell command argument. |
| 985 | 6399 On MS-Windows and MS-DOS, when 'shellslash' is not set, it |
| 1661 | 6400 will enclose {string} in double quotes and double all double |
| 985 | 6401 quotes within {string}. |
| 6402 For other systems, it will enclose {string} in single quotes | |
| 6403 and replace all "'" with "'\''". | |
| 1661 | 6404 When the {special} argument is present and it's a non-zero |
| 6405 Number or a non-empty String (|non-zero-arg|), then special | |
| 1698 | 6406 items such as "!", "%", "#" and "<cword>" will be preceded by |
| 6407 a backslash. This backslash will be removed again by the |:!| | |
| 1661 | 6408 command. |
| 1698 | 6409 The "!" character will be escaped (again with a |non-zero-arg| |
| 6410 {special}) when 'shell' contains "csh" in the tail. That is | |
| 6411 because for csh and tcsh "!" is used for history replacement | |
| 6412 even when inside single quotes. | |
| 6413 The <NL> character is also escaped. With a |non-zero-arg| | |
| 6414 {special} and 'shell' containing "csh" in the tail it's | |
| 6415 escaped a second time. | |
| 1661 | 6416 Example of use with a |:!| command: > |
| 6417 :exe '!dir ' . shellescape(expand('<cfile>'), 1) | |
| 6418 < This results in a directory listing for the file under the | |
| 6419 cursor. Example of use with |system()|: > | |
| 6420 :call system("chmod +w -- " . shellescape(expand("%"))) | |
| 5690 | 6421 < See also |::S|. |
| 985 | 6422 |
| 6423 | |
| 3875 | 6424 shiftwidth() *shiftwidth()* |
| 6425 Returns the effective value of 'shiftwidth'. This is the | |
| 6426 'shiftwidth' value unless it is zero, in which case it is the | |
|
7782
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/009d84a34f3678ec93921bee3bc05be2fd606264
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6427 'tabstop' value. This function was introduced with patch |
|
3a99194bd187
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6428 7.3.694 in 2012, everybody should have it by now. |
| 3875 | 6429 |
| 6430 | |
| 7 | 6431 simplify({filename}) *simplify()* |
| 6432 Simplify the file name as much as possible without changing | |
| 6433 the meaning. Shortcuts (on MS-Windows) or symbolic links (on | |
| 6434 Unix) are not resolved. If the first path component in | |
| 6435 {filename} designates the current directory, this will be | |
| 6436 valid for the result as well. A trailing path separator is | |
| 6437 not removed either. | |
| 6438 Example: > | |
| 6439 simplify("./dir/.././/file/") == "./file/" | |
| 6440 < Note: The combination "dir/.." is only removed if "dir" is | |
| 6441 a searchable directory or does not exist. On Unix, it is also | |
| 6442 removed when "dir" is a symbolic link within the same | |
| 6443 directory. In order to resolve all the involved symbolic | |
| 6444 links before simplifying the path name, use |resolve()|. | |
| 6445 | |
| 82 | 6446 |
| 1621 | 6447 sin({expr}) *sin()* |
| 6448 Return the sine of {expr}, measured in radians, as a |Float|. | |
| 6449 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 6450 Examples: > | |
| 6451 :echo sin(100) | |
| 6452 < -0.506366 > | |
| 6453 :echo sin(-4.01) | |
| 6454 < 0.763301 | |
| 6455 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 6456 | |
| 6457 | |
|
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|
6458 sinh({expr}) *sinh()* |
|
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Better conceal in help. (partly by Dominique Pelle)
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parents:
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|
6459 Return the hyperbolic sine of {expr} as a |Float| in the range |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
6460 [-inf, inf]. |
|
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Better conceal in help. (partly by Dominique Pelle)
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parents:
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changeset
|
6461 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. |
|
2206
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changeset
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6462 Examples: > |
|
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6463 :echo sinh(0.5) |
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|
6464 < 0.521095 > |
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|
6465 :echo sinh(-0.9) |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
6466 < -1.026517 |
|
2570
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changeset
|
6467 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
|
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parents:
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changeset
|
6468 |
|
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Add extra floating point functions.
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|
6469 |
| 2902 | 6470 sort({list} [, {func} [, {dict}]]) *sort()* *E702* |
| 5747 | 6471 Sort the items in {list} in-place. Returns {list}. |
| 6472 | |
| 6473 If you want a list to remain unmodified make a copy first: > | |
| 82 | 6474 :let sortedlist = sort(copy(mylist)) |
| 5968 | 6475 |
| 6009 | 6476 < When {func} is omitted, is empty or zero, then sort() uses the |
| 6477 string representation of each item to sort on. Numbers sort | |
| 6478 after Strings, |Lists| after Numbers. For sorting text in the | |
| 6479 current buffer use |:sort|. | |
| 6480 | |
| 6180 | 6481 When {func} is given and it is '1' or 'i' then case is |
| 6009 | 6482 ignored. |
| 6483 | |
| 6484 When {func} is given and it is 'n' then all items will be | |
| 6485 sorted numerical (Implementation detail: This uses the | |
| 6486 strtod() function to parse numbers, Strings, Lists, Dicts and | |
| 6487 Funcrefs will be considered as being 0). | |
| 6488 | |
|
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6489 When {func} is given and it is 'N' then all items will be |
|
6ffc75d807bd
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/b00da1d6d1655cb6e415f84ecc3be5ff3b790811
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parents:
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changeset
|
6490 sorted numerical. This is like 'n' but a string containing |
|
6ffc75d807bd
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/b00da1d6d1655cb6e415f84ecc3be5ff3b790811
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6491 digits will be used as the number they represent. |
|
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/b00da1d6d1655cb6e415f84ecc3be5ff3b790811
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|
6492 |
|
7707
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/13d5aeef56e3140a8eb8f40c7062aa1c5700f76e
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6493 When {func} is given and it is 'f' then all items will be |
|
41768bcebc9b
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/13d5aeef56e3140a8eb8f40c7062aa1c5700f76e
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6494 sorted numerical. All values must be a Number or a Float. |
|
41768bcebc9b
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/13d5aeef56e3140a8eb8f40c7062aa1c5700f76e
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parents:
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changeset
|
6495 |
| 685 | 6496 When {func} is a |Funcref| or a function name, this function |
| 6497 is called to compare items. The function is invoked with two | |
|
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parents:
1998
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changeset
|
6498 items as argument and must return zero if they are equal, 1 or |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
6499 bigger if the first one sorts after the second one, -1 or |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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diff
changeset
|
6500 smaller if the first one sorts before the second one. |
| 5747 | 6501 |
| 6502 {dict} is for functions with the "dict" attribute. It will be | |
| 6503 used to set the local variable "self". |Dictionary-function| | |
| 6504 | |
|
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changeset
|
6505 The sort is stable, items which compare equal (as number or as |
|
b8f703a4e55f
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changeset
|
6506 string) will keep their relative position. E.g., when sorting |
| 6051 | 6507 on numbers, text strings will sort next to each other, in the |
|
6032
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Updated runtime files. Overhauled HTML indent script.
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diff
changeset
|
6508 same order as they were originally. |
|
b8f703a4e55f
Updated runtime files. Overhauled HTML indent script.
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parents:
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changeset
|
6509 |
| 5747 | 6510 Also see |uniq()|. |
| 6511 | |
|
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|
6512 Example: > |
| 82 | 6513 func MyCompare(i1, i2) |
| 6514 return a:i1 == a:i2 ? 0 : a:i1 > a:i2 ? 1 : -1 | |
| 6515 endfunc | |
| 6516 let sortedlist = sort(mylist, "MyCompare") | |
|
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parents:
1998
diff
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|
6517 < A shorter compare version for this specific simple case, which |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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diff
changeset
|
6518 ignores overflow: > |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
6519 func MyCompare(i1, i2) |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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parents:
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diff
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|
6520 return a:i1 - a:i2 |
|
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diff
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|
6521 endfunc |
| 344 | 6522 < |
| 374 | 6523 *soundfold()* |
| 6524 soundfold({word}) | |
| 6525 Return the sound-folded equivalent of {word}. Uses the first | |
| 1621 | 6526 language in 'spelllang' for the current window that supports |
| 375 | 6527 soundfolding. 'spell' must be set. When no sound folding is |
| 6528 possible the {word} is returned unmodified. | |
| 374 | 6529 This can be used for making spelling suggestions. Note that |
| 6530 the method can be quite slow. | |
| 6531 | |
| 344 | 6532 *spellbadword()* |
| 532 | 6533 spellbadword([{sentence}]) |
| 6534 Without argument: The result is the badly spelled word under | |
| 6535 or after the cursor. The cursor is moved to the start of the | |
| 6536 bad word. When no bad word is found in the cursor line the | |
| 6537 result is an empty string and the cursor doesn't move. | |
| 6538 | |
| 6539 With argument: The result is the first word in {sentence} that | |
| 6540 is badly spelled. If there are no spelling mistakes the | |
| 6541 result is an empty string. | |
| 6542 | |
| 6543 The return value is a list with two items: | |
| 6544 - The badly spelled word or an empty string. | |
| 6545 - The type of the spelling error: | |
| 856 | 6546 "bad" spelling mistake |
| 532 | 6547 "rare" rare word |
| 6548 "local" word only valid in another region | |
| 6549 "caps" word should start with Capital | |
| 6550 Example: > | |
| 6551 echo spellbadword("the quik brown fox") | |
| 6552 < ['quik', 'bad'] ~ | |
| 6553 | |
| 6554 The spelling information for the current window is used. The | |
| 6555 'spell' option must be set and the value of 'spelllang' is | |
| 6556 used. | |
| 344 | 6557 |
| 6558 *spellsuggest()* | |
| 537 | 6559 spellsuggest({word} [, {max} [, {capital}]]) |
| 685 | 6560 Return a |List| with spelling suggestions to replace {word}. |
| 344 | 6561 When {max} is given up to this number of suggestions are |
| 6562 returned. Otherwise up to 25 suggestions are returned. | |
| 6563 | |
| 537 | 6564 When the {capital} argument is given and it's non-zero only |
| 6565 suggestions with a leading capital will be given. Use this | |
| 6566 after a match with 'spellcapcheck'. | |
| 6567 | |
| 344 | 6568 {word} can be a badly spelled word followed by other text. |
| 6569 This allows for joining two words that were split. The | |
| 359 | 6570 suggestions also include the following text, thus you can |
| 6571 replace a line. | |
| 6572 | |
| 6573 {word} may also be a good word. Similar words will then be | |
| 537 | 6574 returned. {word} itself is not included in the suggestions, |
| 6575 although it may appear capitalized. | |
| 344 | 6576 |
| 6577 The spelling information for the current window is used. The | |
| 375 | 6578 'spell' option must be set and the values of 'spelllang' and |
| 6579 'spellsuggest' are used. | |
| 344 | 6580 |
| 82 | 6581 |
| 282 | 6582 split({expr} [, {pattern} [, {keepempty}]]) *split()* |
| 685 | 6583 Make a |List| out of {expr}. When {pattern} is omitted or |
| 6584 empty each white-separated sequence of characters becomes an | |
| 6585 item. | |
| 82 | 6586 Otherwise the string is split where {pattern} matches, |
| 3920 | 6587 removing the matched characters. 'ignorecase' is not used |
| 6588 here, add \c to ignore case. |/\c| | |
| 282 | 6589 When the first or last item is empty it is omitted, unless the |
| 6590 {keepempty} argument is given and it's non-zero. | |
| 293 | 6591 Other empty items are kept when {pattern} matches at least one |
| 6592 character or when {keepempty} is non-zero. | |
| 82 | 6593 Example: > |
| 95 | 6594 :let words = split(getline('.'), '\W\+') |
| 282 | 6595 < To split a string in individual characters: > |
| 236 | 6596 :for c in split(mystring, '\zs') |
|
7100
f717d96a39b3
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parents:
7013
diff
changeset
|
6597 < If you want to keep the separator you can also use '\zs' at |
|
f717d96a39b3
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/12969c04fe7bd27dc0cbf37709eb40a86d4a27f9
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7013
diff
changeset
|
6598 the end of the pattern: > |
| 258 | 6599 :echo split('abc:def:ghi', ':\zs') |
| 6600 < ['abc:', 'def:', 'ghi'] ~ | |
| 282 | 6601 Splitting a table where the first element can be empty: > |
| 6602 :let items = split(line, ':', 1) | |
| 6603 < The opposite function is |join()|. | |
| 82 | 6604 |
| 6605 | |
| 1621 | 6606 sqrt({expr}) *sqrt()* |
| 6607 Return the non-negative square root of Float {expr} as a | |
| 6608 |Float|. | |
| 6609 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. When {expr} | |
| 6610 is negative the result is NaN (Not a Number). | |
| 6611 Examples: > | |
| 6612 :echo sqrt(100) | |
| 6613 < 10.0 > | |
| 6614 :echo sqrt(-4.01) | |
| 6615 < nan | |
| 1668 | 6616 "nan" may be different, it depends on system libraries. |
| 1621 | 6617 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
| 6618 | |
| 6619 | |
|
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parents:
8881
diff
changeset
|
6620 str2float({expr}) *str2float()* |
| 1621 | 6621 Convert String {expr} to a Float. This mostly works the same |
| 6622 as when using a floating point number in an expression, see | |
| 6623 |floating-point-format|. But it's a bit more permissive. | |
| 6624 E.g., "1e40" is accepted, while in an expression you need to | |
| 6625 write "1.0e40". | |
| 6626 Text after the number is silently ignored. | |
| 6627 The decimal point is always '.', no matter what the locale is | |
| 6628 set to. A comma ends the number: "12,345.67" is converted to | |
| 6629 12.0. You can strip out thousands separators with | |
| 6630 |substitute()|: > | |
| 6631 let f = str2float(substitute(text, ',', '', 'g')) | |
| 6632 < {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 6633 | |
| 6634 | |
|
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Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6635 str2nr({expr} [, {base}]) *str2nr()* |
| 782 | 6636 Convert string {expr} to a number. |
|
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/fa7353428f705f7a13465a1943dddeede4083023
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parents:
7384
diff
changeset
|
6637 {base} is the conversion base, it can be 2, 8, 10 or 16. |
| 782 | 6638 When {base} is omitted base 10 is used. This also means that |
| 6639 a leading zero doesn't cause octal conversion to be used, as | |
| 6640 with the default String to Number conversion. | |
| 6641 When {base} is 16 a leading "0x" or "0X" is ignored. With a | |
|
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/fa7353428f705f7a13465a1943dddeede4083023
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diff
changeset
|
6642 different base the result will be zero. Similarly, when |
|
05cf4cc72a9f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/fa7353428f705f7a13465a1943dddeede4083023
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parents:
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changeset
|
6643 {base} is 8 a leading "0" is ignored, and when {base} is 2 a |
|
05cf4cc72a9f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/fa7353428f705f7a13465a1943dddeede4083023
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7384
diff
changeset
|
6644 leading "0b" or "0B" is ignored. |
| 782 | 6645 Text after the number is silently ignored. |
| 856 | 6646 |
| 782 | 6647 |
| 6884 | 6648 strchars({expr} [, {skipcc}]) *strchars()* |
|
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Added strwidth() and strchars() functions.
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parents:
2337
diff
changeset
|
6649 The result is a Number, which is the number of characters |
| 6884 | 6650 in String {expr}. |
| 6651 When {skipcc} is omitted or zero, composing characters are | |
| 6652 counted separately. | |
| 6653 When {skipcc} set to 1, Composing characters are ignored. | |
|
2339
01e4b4d37842
Added strdisplaywidth() function.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6654 Also see |strlen()|, |strdisplaywidth()| and |strwidth()|. |
|
01e4b4d37842
Added strdisplaywidth() function.
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parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6655 |
| 6918 | 6656 |
| 6657 {skipcc} is only available after 7.4.755. For backward | |
| 6658 compatibility, you can define a wrapper function: > | |
| 6659 if has("patch-7.4.755") | |
| 6660 function s:strchars(str, skipcc) | |
| 6661 return strchars(a:str, a:skipcc) | |
| 6662 endfunction | |
| 6663 else | |
| 6664 function s:strchars(str, skipcc) | |
| 6665 if a:skipcc | |
| 6666 return strlen(substitute(a:str, ".", "x", "g")) | |
| 6667 else | |
| 6668 return strchars(a:str) | |
| 6669 endif | |
| 6670 endfunction | |
| 6671 endif | |
| 6672 < | |
| 6673 | |
|
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6674 strdisplaywidth({expr}[, {col}]) *strdisplaywidth()* |
|
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parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6675 The result is a Number, which is the number of display cells |
| 6884 | 6676 String {expr} occupies on the screen when it starts at {col}. |
|
2339
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Added strdisplaywidth() function.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6677 When {col} is omitted zero is used. Otherwise it is the |
|
01e4b4d37842
Added strdisplaywidth() function.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6678 screen column where to start. This matters for Tab |
|
01e4b4d37842
Added strdisplaywidth() function.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6679 characters. |
|
2343
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parents:
2339
diff
changeset
|
6680 The option settings of the current window are used. This |
|
0703d2fd5749
Last few changes for the 7.3a BETA release.
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parents:
2339
diff
changeset
|
6681 matters for anything that's displayed differently, such as |
|
0703d2fd5749
Last few changes for the 7.3a BETA release.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2339
diff
changeset
|
6682 'tabstop' and 'display'. |
|
2339
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Added strdisplaywidth() function.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6683 When {expr} contains characters with East Asian Width Class |
|
01e4b4d37842
Added strdisplaywidth() function.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6684 Ambiguous, this function's return value depends on 'ambiwidth'. |
|
01e4b4d37842
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6685 Also see |strlen()|, |strwidth()| and |strchars()|. |
|
2338
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6686 |
| 7 | 6687 strftime({format} [, {time}]) *strftime()* |
| 6688 The result is a String, which is a formatted date and time, as | |
| 6689 specified by the {format} string. The given {time} is used, | |
| 6690 or the current time if no time is given. The accepted | |
| 6691 {format} depends on your system, thus this is not portable! | |
| 6692 See the manual page of the C function strftime() for the | |
| 6693 format. The maximum length of the result is 80 characters. | |
| 6694 See also |localtime()| and |getftime()|. | |
| 6695 The language can be changed with the |:language| command. | |
| 6696 Examples: > | |
| 6697 :echo strftime("%c") Sun Apr 27 11:49:23 1997 | |
| 6698 :echo strftime("%Y %b %d %X") 1997 Apr 27 11:53:25 | |
| 6699 :echo strftime("%y%m%d %T") 970427 11:53:55 | |
| 6700 :echo strftime("%H:%M") 11:55 | |
| 6701 :echo strftime("%c", getftime("file.c")) | |
| 6702 Show mod time of file.c. | |
| 82 | 6703 < Not available on all systems. To check use: > |
| 6704 :if exists("*strftime") | |
| 6705 | |
| 133 | 6706 stridx({haystack}, {needle} [, {start}]) *stridx()* |
| 6707 The result is a Number, which gives the byte index in | |
| 6708 {haystack} of the first occurrence of the String {needle}. | |
| 140 | 6709 If {start} is specified, the search starts at index {start}. |
| 6710 This can be used to find a second match: > | |
| 2662 | 6711 :let colon1 = stridx(line, ":") |
| 6712 :let colon2 = stridx(line, ":", colon1 + 1) | |
| 140 | 6713 < The search is done case-sensitive. |
| 205 | 6714 For pattern searches use |match()|. |
| 133 | 6715 -1 is returned if the {needle} does not occur in {haystack}. |
| 140 | 6716 See also |strridx()|. |
| 6717 Examples: > | |
| 7 | 6718 :echo stridx("An Example", "Example") 3 |
| 6719 :echo stridx("Starting point", "Start") 0 | |
| 6720 :echo stridx("Starting point", "start") -1 | |
| 856 | 6721 < *strstr()* *strchr()* |
| 170 | 6722 stridx() works similar to the C function strstr(). When used |
| 6723 with a single character it works similar to strchr(). | |
| 6724 | |
| 55 | 6725 *string()* |
| 95 | 6726 string({expr}) Return {expr} converted to a String. If {expr} is a Number, |
| 1621 | 6727 Float, String or a composition of them, then the result can be |
| 6728 parsed back with |eval()|. | |
| 55 | 6729 {expr} type result ~ |
|
8748
b1a19a2f73f0
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Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8738
diff
changeset
|
6730 String 'string' (single quotes are doubled) |
| 95 | 6731 Number 123 |
| 1621 | 6732 Float 123.123456 or 1.123456e8 |
| 99 | 6733 Funcref function('name') |
| 95 | 6734 List [item, item] |
| 323 | 6735 Dictionary {key: value, key: value} |
|
8748
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8738
diff
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|
6736 |
|
b1a19a2f73f0
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/4f3f668c8486444e53163c29d2fc79bf47eb3c82
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8738
diff
changeset
|
6737 When a List or Dictionary has a recursive reference it is |
|
b1a19a2f73f0
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/4f3f668c8486444e53163c29d2fc79bf47eb3c82
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8738
diff
changeset
|
6738 replaced by "[...]" or "{...}". Using eval() on the result |
|
b1a19a2f73f0
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/4f3f668c8486444e53163c29d2fc79bf47eb3c82
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8738
diff
changeset
|
6739 will then fail. |
|
b1a19a2f73f0
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/4f3f668c8486444e53163c29d2fc79bf47eb3c82
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8738
diff
changeset
|
6740 |
| 1156 | 6741 Also see |strtrans()|. |
| 55 | 6742 |
| 7 | 6743 *strlen()* |
| 6744 strlen({expr}) The result is a Number, which is the length of the String | |
| 502 | 6745 {expr} in bytes. |
| 55 | 6746 If the argument is a Number it is first converted to a String. |
| 6747 For other types an error is given. | |
| 6870 | 6748 If you want to count the number of multi-byte characters use |
| 6749 |strchars()|. | |
| 6750 Also see |len()|, |strdisplaywidth()| and |strwidth()|. | |
| 7 | 6751 |
| 6752 strpart({src}, {start}[, {len}]) *strpart()* | |
| 6753 The result is a String, which is part of {src}, starting from | |
| 574 | 6754 byte {start}, with the byte length {len}. |
| 7 | 6755 When non-existing bytes are included, this doesn't result in |
| 6756 an error, the bytes are simply omitted. | |
| 6757 If {len} is missing, the copy continues from {start} till the | |
| 6758 end of the {src}. > | |
| 6759 strpart("abcdefg", 3, 2) == "de" | |
| 6760 strpart("abcdefg", -2, 4) == "ab" | |
| 6761 strpart("abcdefg", 5, 4) == "fg" | |
| 1621 | 6762 strpart("abcdefg", 3) == "defg" |
| 7 | 6763 < Note: To get the first character, {start} must be 0. For |
| 6764 example, to get three bytes under and after the cursor: > | |
| 823 | 6765 strpart(getline("."), col(".") - 1, 3) |
| 7 | 6766 < |
| 140 | 6767 strridx({haystack}, {needle} [, {start}]) *strridx()* |
| 6768 The result is a Number, which gives the byte index in | |
| 6769 {haystack} of the last occurrence of the String {needle}. | |
| 6770 When {start} is specified, matches beyond this index are | |
| 6771 ignored. This can be used to find a match before a previous | |
| 6772 match: > | |
| 6773 :let lastcomma = strridx(line, ",") | |
| 6774 :let comma2 = strridx(line, ",", lastcomma - 1) | |
| 6775 < The search is done case-sensitive. | |
| 133 | 6776 For pattern searches use |match()|. |
| 6777 -1 is returned if the {needle} does not occur in {haystack}. | |
| 22 | 6778 If the {needle} is empty the length of {haystack} is returned. |
| 236 | 6779 See also |stridx()|. Examples: > |
| 7 | 6780 :echo strridx("an angry armadillo", "an") 3 |
| 856 | 6781 < *strrchr()* |
| 170 | 6782 When used with a single character it works similar to the C |
| 6783 function strrchr(). | |
| 6784 | |
| 7 | 6785 strtrans({expr}) *strtrans()* |
| 6786 The result is a String, which is {expr} with all unprintable | |
| 6787 characters translated into printable characters |'isprint'|. | |
| 6788 Like they are shown in a window. Example: > | |
| 6789 echo strtrans(@a) | |
| 6790 < This displays a newline in register a as "^@" instead of | |
| 6791 starting a new line. | |
| 6792 | |
|
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da6ec32d8d8f
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2337
diff
changeset
|
6793 strwidth({expr}) *strwidth()* |
|
da6ec32d8d8f
Added strwidth() and strchars() functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2337
diff
changeset
|
6794 The result is a Number, which is the number of display cells |
|
da6ec32d8d8f
Added strwidth() and strchars() functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2337
diff
changeset
|
6795 String {expr} occupies. A Tab character is counted as one |
|
2339
01e4b4d37842
Added strdisplaywidth() function.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6796 cell, alternatively use |strdisplaywidth()|. |
|
2338
da6ec32d8d8f
Added strwidth() and strchars() functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2337
diff
changeset
|
6797 When {expr} contains characters with East Asian Width Class |
|
da6ec32d8d8f
Added strwidth() and strchars() functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2337
diff
changeset
|
6798 Ambiguous, this function's return value depends on 'ambiwidth'. |
|
2339
01e4b4d37842
Added strdisplaywidth() function.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2338
diff
changeset
|
6799 Also see |strlen()|, |strdisplaywidth()| and |strchars()|. |
|
2338
da6ec32d8d8f
Added strwidth() and strchars() functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2337
diff
changeset
|
6800 |
| 5794 | 6801 submatch({nr}[, {list}]) *submatch()* |
| 2908 | 6802 Only for an expression in a |:substitute| command or |
| 6803 substitute() function. | |
| 6804 Returns the {nr}'th submatch of the matched text. When {nr} | |
| 6805 is 0 the whole matched text is returned. | |
| 5794 | 6806 Note that a NL in the string can stand for a line break of a |
| 6807 multi-line match or a NUL character in the text. | |
| 2908 | 6808 Also see |sub-replace-expression|. |
| 5794 | 6809 |
| 6810 If {list} is present and non-zero then submatch() returns | |
| 6811 a list of strings, similar to |getline()| with two arguments. | |
| 6812 NL characters in the text represent NUL characters in the | |
| 6813 text. | |
| 6814 Only returns more than one item for |:substitute|, inside | |
| 6815 |substitute()| this list will always contain one or zero | |
| 6816 items, since there are no real line breaks. | |
| 6817 | |
| 7 | 6818 Example: > |
| 6819 :s/\d\+/\=submatch(0) + 1/ | |
| 6820 < This finds the first number in the line and adds one to it. | |
| 6821 A line break is included as a newline character. | |
| 6822 | |
| 6823 substitute({expr}, {pat}, {sub}, {flags}) *substitute()* | |
| 6824 The result is a String, which is a copy of {expr}, in which | |
| 2908 | 6825 the first match of {pat} is replaced with {sub}. |
| 6826 When {flags} is "g", all matches of {pat} in {expr} are | |
| 6827 replaced. Otherwise {flags} should be "". | |
| 6828 | |
| 6829 This works like the ":substitute" command (without any flags). | |
| 6830 But the matching with {pat} is always done like the 'magic' | |
| 6831 option is set and 'cpoptions' is empty (to make scripts | |
| 3967 | 6832 portable). 'ignorecase' is still relevant, use |/\c| or |/\C| |
| 6833 if you want to ignore or match case and ignore 'ignorecase'. | |
| 6834 'smartcase' is not used. See |string-match| for how {pat} is | |
| 6835 used. | |
| 2908 | 6836 |
| 6837 A "~" in {sub} is not replaced with the previous {sub}. | |
| 7 | 6838 Note that some codes in {sub} have a special meaning |
| 1621 | 6839 |sub-replace-special|. For example, to replace something with |
| 7 | 6840 "\n" (two characters), use "\\\\n" or '\\n'. |
| 2908 | 6841 |
| 7 | 6842 When {pat} does not match in {expr}, {expr} is returned |
| 6843 unmodified. | |
| 2908 | 6844 |
| 7 | 6845 Example: > |
| 6846 :let &path = substitute(&path, ",\\=[^,]*$", "", "") | |
| 6847 < This removes the last component of the 'path' option. > | |
| 6848 :echo substitute("testing", ".*", "\\U\\0", "") | |
| 6849 < results in "TESTING". | |
| 2908 | 6850 |
| 6851 When {sub} starts with "\=", the remainder is interpreted as | |
| 6852 an expression. See |sub-replace-expression|. Example: > | |
| 2833 | 6853 :echo substitute(s, '%\(\x\x\)', |
| 6854 \ '\=nr2char("0x" . submatch(1))', 'g') | |
| 7 | 6855 |
| 32 | 6856 synID({lnum}, {col}, {trans}) *synID()* |
| 7 | 6857 The result is a Number, which is the syntax ID at the position |
| 32 | 6858 {lnum} and {col} in the current window. |
| 7 | 6859 The syntax ID can be used with |synIDattr()| and |
| 6860 |synIDtrans()| to obtain syntax information about text. | |
| 419 | 6861 |
| 32 | 6862 {col} is 1 for the leftmost column, {lnum} is 1 for the first |
| 419 | 6863 line. 'synmaxcol' applies, in a longer line zero is returned. |
|
7147
c590de398af9
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parents:
7100
diff
changeset
|
6864 Note that when the position is after the last character, |
|
c590de398af9
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/ca63501fbcd1cf9c8aa9ff12c093c95b62a89ed7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7100
diff
changeset
|
6865 that's where the cursor can be in Insert mode, synID() returns |
|
c590de398af9
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/ca63501fbcd1cf9c8aa9ff12c093c95b62a89ed7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7100
diff
changeset
|
6866 zero. |
| 419 | 6867 |
| 7 | 6868 When {trans} is non-zero, transparent items are reduced to the |
| 1621 | 6869 item that they reveal. This is useful when wanting to know |
| 7 | 6870 the effective color. When {trans} is zero, the transparent |
| 6871 item is returned. This is useful when wanting to know which | |
| 6872 syntax item is effective (e.g. inside parens). | |
| 6873 Warning: This function can be very slow. Best speed is | |
| 6874 obtained by going through the file in forward direction. | |
| 6875 | |
| 6876 Example (echoes the name of the syntax item under the cursor): > | |
| 6877 :echo synIDattr(synID(line("."), col("."), 1), "name") | |
| 6878 < | |
|
2401
e7751177126b
Add the synconcealed() function and use it for :TOhtml. (Benjamin Fritz)
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parents:
2350
diff
changeset
|
6879 |
| 7 | 6880 synIDattr({synID}, {what} [, {mode}]) *synIDattr()* |
| 6881 The result is a String, which is the {what} attribute of | |
| 6882 syntax ID {synID}. This can be used to obtain information | |
| 6883 about a syntax item. | |
| 6884 {mode} can be "gui", "cterm" or "term", to get the attributes | |
| 1621 | 6885 for that mode. When {mode} is omitted, or an invalid value is |
| 7 | 6886 used, the attributes for the currently active highlighting are |
| 6887 used (GUI, cterm or term). | |
| 6888 Use synIDtrans() to follow linked highlight groups. | |
| 6889 {what} result | |
| 6890 "name" the name of the syntax item | |
| 6891 "fg" foreground color (GUI: color name used to set | |
| 6892 the color, cterm: color number as a string, | |
| 6893 term: empty string) | |
| 1755 | 6894 "bg" background color (as with "fg") |
|
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diff
changeset
|
6895 "font" font name (only available in the GUI) |
|
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diff
changeset
|
6896 |highlight-font| |
| 1755 | 6897 "sp" special color (as with "fg") |highlight-guisp| |
| 7 | 6898 "fg#" like "fg", but for the GUI and the GUI is |
| 6899 running the name in "#RRGGBB" form | |
| 6900 "bg#" like "fg#" for "bg" | |
| 1755 | 6901 "sp#" like "fg#" for "sp" |
| 7 | 6902 "bold" "1" if bold |
| 6903 "italic" "1" if italic | |
| 6904 "reverse" "1" if reverse | |
| 6905 "inverse" "1" if inverse (= reverse) | |
|
2106
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diff
changeset
|
6906 "standout" "1" if standout |
| 7 | 6907 "underline" "1" if underlined |
| 205 | 6908 "undercurl" "1" if undercurled |
| 7 | 6909 |
| 6910 Example (echoes the color of the syntax item under the | |
| 6911 cursor): > | |
| 6912 :echo synIDattr(synIDtrans(synID(line("."), col("."), 1)), "fg") | |
| 6913 < | |
| 6914 synIDtrans({synID}) *synIDtrans()* | |
| 6915 The result is a Number, which is the translated syntax ID of | |
| 6916 {synID}. This is the syntax group ID of what is being used to | |
| 6917 highlight the character. Highlight links given with | |
| 6918 ":highlight link" are followed. | |
| 6919 | |
|
2608
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2596
diff
changeset
|
6920 synconcealed({lnum}, {col}) *synconcealed()* |
|
7d8af31066c8
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2596
diff
changeset
|
6921 The result is a List. The first item in the list is 0 if the |
|
7d8af31066c8
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6922 character at the position {lnum} and {col} is not part of a |
|
7d8af31066c8
Updated runtime files and translations.
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parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
6923 concealable region, 1 if it is. The second item in the list is |
|
7d8af31066c8
Updated runtime files and translations.
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parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
6924 a string. If the first item is 1, the second item contains the |
|
7d8af31066c8
Updated runtime files and translations.
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parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
6925 text which will be displayed in place of the concealed text, |
|
7d8af31066c8
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parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
6926 depending on the current setting of 'conceallevel'. The third |
|
7d8af31066c8
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2596
diff
changeset
|
6927 and final item in the list is a unique number representing the |
|
7d8af31066c8
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diff
changeset
|
6928 specific syntax region matched. This allows detection of the |
|
7d8af31066c8
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
6929 beginning of a new concealable region if there are two |
|
7d8af31066c8
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parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
6930 consecutive regions with the same replacement character. |
|
7d8af31066c8
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parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
6931 For an example use see $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/2html.vim . |
|
7d8af31066c8
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changeset
|
6932 |
|
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diff
changeset
|
6933 |
| 1500 | 6934 synstack({lnum}, {col}) *synstack()* |
| 6935 Return a |List|, which is the stack of syntax items at the | |
| 6936 position {lnum} and {col} in the current window. Each item in | |
| 6937 the List is an ID like what |synID()| returns. | |
| 6938 The first item in the List is the outer region, following are | |
| 6939 items contained in that one. The last one is what |synID()| | |
| 6940 returns, unless not the whole item is highlighted or it is a | |
| 6941 transparent item. | |
| 6942 This function is useful for debugging a syntax file. | |
| 6943 Example that shows the syntax stack under the cursor: > | |
| 6944 for id in synstack(line("."), col(".")) | |
| 6945 echo synIDattr(id, "name") | |
| 6946 endfor | |
|
2290
22529abcd646
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2281
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changeset
|
6947 < When the position specified with {lnum} and {col} is invalid |
|
22529abcd646
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2281
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changeset
|
6948 nothing is returned. The position just after the last |
|
22529abcd646
Fixed ":s" message. Docs updates.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2281
diff
changeset
|
6949 character in a line and the first column in an empty line are |
|
22529abcd646
Fixed ":s" message. Docs updates.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2281
diff
changeset
|
6950 valid positions. |
| 1500 | 6951 |
| 24 | 6952 system({expr} [, {input}]) *system()* *E677* |
| 5808 | 6953 Get the output of the shell command {expr} as a string. See |
| 6954 |systemlist()| to get the output as a List. | |
| 5806 | 6955 |
| 6956 When {input} is given and is a string this string is written | |
| 6957 to a file and passed as stdin to the command. The string is | |
| 6958 written as-is, you need to take care of using the correct line | |
| 6959 separators yourself. | |
| 6960 If {input} is given and is a |List| it is written to the file | |
| 6961 in a way |writefile()| does with {binary} set to "b" (i.e. | |
| 6962 with a newline between each list item with newlines inside | |
| 6963 list items converted to NULs). | |
| 6964 Pipes are not used. | |
| 6965 | |
| 6183 | 6966 When prepended by |:silent| the shell will not be set to |
| 6967 cooked mode. This is meant to be used for commands that do | |
| 6968 not need the user to type. It avoids stray characters showing | |
| 6969 up on the screen which require |CTRL-L| to remove. > | |
| 6970 :silent let f = system('ls *.vim') | |
| 6971 < | |
| 5690 | 6972 Note: Use |shellescape()| or |::S| with |expand()| or |
| 6973 |fnamemodify()| to escape special characters in a command | |
| 6974 argument. Newlines in {expr} may cause the command to fail. | |
| 6975 The characters in 'shellquote' and 'shellxquote' may also | |
| 6976 cause trouble. | |
| 7 | 6977 This is not to be used for interactive commands. |
| 1661 | 6978 |
| 7 | 6979 The result is a String. Example: > |
| 1661 | 6980 :let files = system("ls " . shellescape(expand('%:h'))) |
| 5690 | 6981 :let files = system('ls ' . expand('%:h:S')) |
| 7 | 6982 |
| 6983 < To make the result more system-independent, the shell output | |
| 6984 is filtered to replace <CR> with <NL> for Macintosh, and | |
| 6985 <CR><NL> with <NL> for DOS-like systems. | |
| 5277 | 6986 To avoid the string being truncated at a NUL, all NUL |
| 6987 characters are replaced with SOH (0x01). | |
| 6988 | |
| 7 | 6989 The command executed is constructed using several options: |
| 6990 'shell' 'shellcmdflag' 'shellxquote' {expr} 'shellredir' {tmp} 'shellxquote' | |
| 6991 ({tmp} is an automatically generated file name). | |
| 6992 For Unix and OS/2 braces are put around {expr} to allow for | |
| 6993 concatenated commands. | |
| 6994 | |
| 794 | 6995 The command will be executed in "cooked" mode, so that a |
| 6996 CTRL-C will interrupt the command (on Unix at least). | |
| 6997 | |
| 7 | 6998 The resulting error code can be found in |v:shell_error|. |
| 6999 This function will fail in |restricted-mode|. | |
| 625 | 7000 |
| 7001 Note that any wrong value in the options mentioned above may | |
| 7002 make the function fail. It has also been reported to fail | |
| 7003 when using a security agent application. | |
| 7 | 7004 Unlike ":!cmd" there is no automatic check for changed files. |
| 7005 Use |:checktime| to force a check. | |
| 7006 | |
| 205 | 7007 |
| 5808 | 7008 systemlist({expr} [, {input}]) *systemlist()* |
| 7009 Same as |system()|, but returns a |List| with lines (parts of | |
| 7010 output separated by NL) with NULs transformed into NLs. Output | |
| 7011 is the same as |readfile()| will output with {binary} argument | |
| 7012 set to "b". | |
| 7013 | |
|
8577
63dc856bd13d
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Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7014 Returns an empty string on error. |
| 5808 | 7015 |
| 7016 | |
| 677 | 7017 tabpagebuflist([{arg}]) *tabpagebuflist()* |
| 685 | 7018 The result is a |List|, where each item is the number of the |
| 677 | 7019 buffer associated with each window in the current tab page. |
| 7020 {arg} specifies the number of tab page to be used. When | |
| 7021 omitted the current tab page is used. | |
| 7022 When {arg} is invalid the number zero is returned. | |
| 7023 To get a list of all buffers in all tabs use this: > | |
| 3445 | 7024 let buflist = [] |
| 677 | 7025 for i in range(tabpagenr('$')) |
| 3445 | 7026 call extend(buflist, tabpagebuflist(i + 1)) |
| 677 | 7027 endfor |
| 7028 < Note that a buffer may appear in more than one window. | |
| 7029 | |
| 7030 | |
| 7031 tabpagenr([{arg}]) *tabpagenr()* | |
| 674 | 7032 The result is a Number, which is the number of the current |
| 7033 tab page. The first tab page has number 1. | |
| 7034 When the optional argument is "$", the number of the last tab | |
| 7035 page is returned (the tab page count). | |
| 7036 The number can be used with the |:tab| command. | |
| 7037 | |
| 7038 | |
| 5763 | 7039 tabpagewinnr({tabarg} [, {arg}]) *tabpagewinnr()* |
|
2569
f612f6b0b883
Docs fix for tabpagewinnr(). (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
7040 Like |winnr()| but for tab page {tabarg}. |
| 677 | 7041 {tabarg} specifies the number of tab page to be used. |
| 7042 {arg} is used like with |winnr()|: | |
| 7043 - When omitted the current window number is returned. This is | |
| 7044 the window which will be used when going to this tab page. | |
| 7045 - When "$" the number of windows is returned. | |
| 7046 - When "#" the previous window nr is returned. | |
| 7047 Useful examples: > | |
| 7048 tabpagewinnr(1) " current window of tab page 1 | |
| 7049 tabpagewinnr(4, '$') " number of windows in tab page 4 | |
| 7050 < When {tabarg} is invalid zero is returned. | |
| 7051 | |
| 805 | 7052 *tagfiles()* |
| 7053 tagfiles() Returns a |List| with the file names used to search for tags | |
| 7054 for the current buffer. This is the 'tags' option expanded. | |
| 7055 | |
| 7056 | |
| 205 | 7057 taglist({expr}) *taglist()* |
| 7058 Returns a list of tags matching the regular expression {expr}. | |
| 438 | 7059 Each list item is a dictionary with at least the following |
| 7060 entries: | |
| 648 | 7061 name Name of the tag. |
| 7062 filename Name of the file where the tag is | |
| 1156 | 7063 defined. It is either relative to the |
| 7064 current directory or a full path. | |
| 205 | 7065 cmd Ex command used to locate the tag in |
| 7066 the file. | |
| 648 | 7067 kind Type of the tag. The value for this |
| 205 | 7068 entry depends on the language specific |
| 1156 | 7069 kind values. Only available when |
| 7070 using a tags file generated by | |
| 7071 Exuberant ctags or hdrtag. | |
| 648 | 7072 static A file specific tag. Refer to |
| 205 | 7073 |static-tag| for more information. |
| 1156 | 7074 More entries may be present, depending on the content of the |
| 7075 tags file: access, implementation, inherits and signature. | |
| 7076 Refer to the ctags documentation for information about these | |
| 7077 fields. For C code the fields "struct", "class" and "enum" | |
| 7078 may appear, they give the name of the entity the tag is | |
| 7079 contained in. | |
| 452 | 7080 |
| 216 | 7081 The ex-command 'cmd' can be either an ex search pattern, a |
| 7082 line number or a line number followed by a byte number. | |
| 205 | 7083 |
| 7084 If there are no matching tags, then an empty list is returned. | |
| 7085 | |
| 7086 To get an exact tag match, the anchors '^' and '$' should be | |
| 4073 | 7087 used in {expr}. This also make the function work faster. |
| 7088 Refer to |tag-regexp| for more information about the tag | |
| 7089 search regular expression pattern. | |
| 205 | 7090 |
| 7091 Refer to |'tags'| for information about how the tags file is | |
| 7092 located by Vim. Refer to |tags-file-format| for the format of | |
| 7093 the tags file generated by the different ctags tools. | |
| 7094 | |
| 7 | 7095 tempname() *tempname()* *temp-file-name* |
| 7096 The result is a String, which is the name of a file that | |
| 1621 | 7097 doesn't exist. It can be used for a temporary file. The name |
| 7 | 7098 is different for at least 26 consecutive calls. Example: > |
| 7099 :let tmpfile = tempname() | |
| 7100 :exe "redir > " . tmpfile | |
|
2033
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
7101 < For Unix, the file will be in a private directory |tempfile|. |
| 7 | 7102 For MS-Windows forward slashes are used when the 'shellslash' |
| 7103 option is set or when 'shellcmdflag' starts with '-'. | |
| 7104 | |
|
2206
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Add extra floating point functions.
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parents:
2154
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changeset
|
7105 |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
7106 tan({expr}) *tan()* |
|
2337
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Better conceal in help. (partly by Dominique Pelle)
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
7107 Return the tangent of {expr}, measured in radians, as a |Float| |
|
2206
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
7108 in the range [-inf, inf]. |
|
2337
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Better conceal in help. (partly by Dominique Pelle)
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
7109 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. |
|
2206
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parents:
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changeset
|
7110 Examples: > |
|
a8afba7027ae
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parents:
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changeset
|
7111 :echo tan(10) |
|
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parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7112 < 0.648361 > |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
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parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7113 :echo tan(-4.01) |
|
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Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7114 < -1.181502 |
|
2570
71b56b4e7785
Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2569
diff
changeset
|
7115 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
|
2206
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parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7116 |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
7117 |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7118 tanh({expr}) *tanh()* |
|
2337
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Better conceal in help. (partly by Dominique Pelle)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2320
diff
changeset
|
7119 Return the hyperbolic tangent of {expr} as a |Float| in the |
|
2206
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7120 range [-1, 1]. |
|
2337
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Better conceal in help. (partly by Dominique Pelle)
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
7121 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. |
|
2206
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
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changeset
|
7122 Examples: > |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7123 :echo tanh(0.5) |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7124 < 0.462117 > |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7125 :echo tanh(-1) |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7126 < -0.761594 |
|
2570
71b56b4e7785
Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2569
diff
changeset
|
7127 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} |
|
2206
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7128 |
|
a8afba7027ae
Add extra floating point functions.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
7129 |
|
8577
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7130 *timer_start()* |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7131 timer_start({time}, {callback} [, {options}]) |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
7132 Create a timer and return the timer ID. |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7133 |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7134 {time} is the waiting time in milliseconds. This is the |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7135 minimum time before invoking the callback. When the system is |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7136 busy or Vim is not waiting for input the time will be longer. |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7137 |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7138 {callback} is the function to call. It can be the name of a |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7139 function or a Funcref. It is called with one argument, which |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7140 is the timer ID. The callback is only invoked when Vim is |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7141 waiting for input. |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7142 |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7143 {options} is a dictionary. Supported entries: |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7144 "repeat" Number of times to repeat calling the |
|
8883
b7de875169e6
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/81edd171a9465cf99cede4fa4a7b7bca3d538b0f
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parents:
8881
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changeset
|
7145 callback. -1 means forever. |
|
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63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7146 |
|
63dc856bd13d
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
7147 Example: > |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7148 func MyHandler(timer) |
|
63dc856bd13d
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diff
changeset
|
7149 echo 'Handler called' |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
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changeset
|
7150 endfunc |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7151 let timer = timer_start(500, 'MyHandler', |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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8538
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changeset
|
7152 \ {'repeat': 3}) |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7153 < This will invoke MyHandler() three times at 500 msec |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7154 intervals. |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7155 {only available when compiled with the |+timers| feature} |
|
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
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parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7156 |
|
8669
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/03602ec28ed25739e88b2c835adb0662d3720bb2
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parents:
8577
diff
changeset
|
7157 timer_stop({timer}) *timer_stop()* |
|
06848fe9c816
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/03602ec28ed25739e88b2c835adb0662d3720bb2
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parents:
8577
diff
changeset
|
7158 Stop a timer. {timer} is an ID returned by timer_start(). |
|
06848fe9c816
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/03602ec28ed25739e88b2c835adb0662d3720bb2
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parents:
8577
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|
7159 The timer callback will no longer be invoked. |
|
06848fe9c816
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/03602ec28ed25739e88b2c835adb0662d3720bb2
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|
7160 |
| 7 | 7161 tolower({expr}) *tolower()* |
| 7162 The result is a copy of the String given, with all uppercase | |
| 7163 characters turned into lowercase (just like applying |gu| to | |
| 7164 the string). | |
| 7165 | |
| 7166 toupper({expr}) *toupper()* | |
| 7167 The result is a copy of the String given, with all lowercase | |
| 7168 characters turned into uppercase (just like applying |gU| to | |
| 7169 the string). | |
| 7170 | |
| 15 | 7171 tr({src}, {fromstr}, {tostr}) *tr()* |
| 7172 The result is a copy of the {src} string with all characters | |
| 7173 which appear in {fromstr} replaced by the character in that | |
| 7174 position in the {tostr} string. Thus the first character in | |
| 7175 {fromstr} is translated into the first character in {tostr} | |
| 7176 and so on. Exactly like the unix "tr" command. | |
| 7177 This code also deals with multibyte characters properly. | |
| 7178 | |
| 7179 Examples: > | |
| 7180 echo tr("hello there", "ht", "HT") | |
| 7181 < returns "Hello THere" > | |
| 7182 echo tr("<blob>", "<>", "{}") | |
| 7183 < returns "{blob}" | |
| 7184 | |
| 1621 | 7185 trunc({expr}) *trunc()* |
| 1668 | 7186 Return the largest integral value with magnitude less than or |
| 1621 | 7187 equal to {expr} as a |Float| (truncate towards zero). |
| 7188 {expr} must evaluate to a |Float| or a |Number|. | |
| 7189 Examples: > | |
| 7190 echo trunc(1.456) | |
| 7191 < 1.0 > | |
| 7192 echo trunc(-5.456) | |
| 7193 < -5.0 > | |
| 7194 echo trunc(4.0) | |
| 7195 < 4.0 | |
| 7196 {only available when compiled with the |+float| feature} | |
| 7197 | |
| 87 | 7198 *type()* |
| 7199 type({expr}) The result is a Number, depending on the type of {expr}: | |
| 153 | 7200 Number: 0 |
| 7201 String: 1 | |
| 7202 Funcref: 2 | |
| 7203 List: 3 | |
| 7204 Dictionary: 4 | |
| 1621 | 7205 Float: 5 |
|
7742
5f6f35a3cb12
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/705ada1aff27ecd9c47c690df817d043c2ceb5e2
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changeset
|
7206 Boolean: 6 (v:false and v:true) |
|
5f6f35a3cb12
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parents:
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changeset
|
7207 None 7 (v:null and v:none) |
|
7957
b74549818500
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parents:
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|
7208 Job 8 |
|
8061
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/38a55639d603823efcf2d2fdf542dbffdeb60b75
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|
7209 Channel 9 |
| 153 | 7210 To avoid the magic numbers it should be used this way: > |
| 87 | 7211 :if type(myvar) == type(0) |
| 7212 :if type(myvar) == type("") | |
| 7213 :if type(myvar) == type(function("tr")) | |
| 7214 :if type(myvar) == type([]) | |
| 153 | 7215 :if type(myvar) == type({}) |
| 1621 | 7216 :if type(myvar) == type(0.0) |
|
7742
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/705ada1aff27ecd9c47c690df817d043c2ceb5e2
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parents:
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changeset
|
7217 :if type(myvar) == type(v:false) |
|
8031
ece323e2b57f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6463ca229cb9412581419497924c85fcbfc854ab
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parents:
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changeset
|
7218 :if type(myvar) == type(v:none) |
| 7 | 7219 |
|
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|
7220 undofile({name}) *undofile()* |
|
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7221 Return the name of the undo file that would be used for a file |
|
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|
7222 with name {name} when writing. This uses the 'undodir' |
|
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|
7223 option, finding directories that exist. It does not check if |
|
2250
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7224 the undo file exists. |
|
2249
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7225 {name} is always expanded to the full path, since that is what |
|
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7226 is used internally. |
|
3507
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7227 If {name} is empty undofile() returns an empty string, since a |
|
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More runtime file fixes for 'compatible' mode.
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7228 buffer without a file name will not write an undo file. |
|
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7229 Useful in combination with |:wundo| and |:rundo|. |
|
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|
7230 When compiled without the +persistent_undo option this always |
|
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7231 returns an empty string. |
|
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7232 |
|
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7233 undotree() *undotree()* |
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7234 Return the current state of the undo tree in a dictionary with |
|
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7235 the following items: |
|
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|
7236 "seq_last" The highest undo sequence number used. |
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7237 "seq_cur" The sequence number of the current position in |
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7238 the undo tree. This differs from "seq_last" |
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7239 when some changes were undone. |
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7240 "time_cur" Time last used for |:earlier| and related |
|
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7241 commands. Use |strftime()| to convert to |
|
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7242 something readable. |
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|
7243 "save_last" Number of the last file write. Zero when no |
|
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7244 write yet. |
|
2281
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|
7245 "save_cur" Number of the current position in the undo |
|
e41433ea71df
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|
7246 tree. |
|
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7247 "synced" Non-zero when the last undo block was synced. |
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7248 This happens when waiting from input from the |
|
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7249 user. See |undo-blocks|. |
|
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7250 "entries" A list of dictionaries with information about |
|
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7251 undo blocks. |
|
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|
7252 |
|
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|
7253 The first item in the "entries" list is the oldest undo item. |
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7254 Each List item is a Dictionary with these items: |
|
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7255 "seq" Undo sequence number. Same as what appears in |
|
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|
7256 |:undolist|. |
|
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|
7257 "time" Timestamp when the change happened. Use |
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|
7258 |strftime()| to convert to something readable. |
|
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|
7259 "newhead" Only appears in the item that is the last one |
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|
7260 that was added. This marks the last change |
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|
7261 and where further changes will be added. |
|
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|
7262 "curhead" Only appears in the item that is the last one |
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|
7263 that was undone. This marks the current |
|
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|
7264 position in the undo tree, the block that will |
|
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|
7265 be used by a redo command. When nothing was |
|
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|
7266 undone after the last change this item will |
|
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|
7267 not appear anywhere. |
|
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|
7268 "save" Only appears on the last block before a file |
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|
7269 write. The number is the write count. The |
|
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|
7270 first write has number 1, the last one the |
|
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|
7271 "save_last" mentioned above. |
|
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|
7272 "alt" Alternate entry. This is again a List of undo |
|
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|
7273 blocks. Each item may again have an "alt" |
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|
7274 item. |
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|
7275 |
| 5747 | 7276 uniq({list} [, {func} [, {dict}]]) *uniq()* *E882* |
| 7277 Remove second and succeeding copies of repeated adjacent | |
| 7278 {list} items in-place. Returns {list}. If you want a list | |
| 7279 to remain unmodified make a copy first: > | |
| 7280 :let newlist = uniq(copy(mylist)) | |
| 7281 < The default compare function uses the string representation of | |
| 7282 each item. For the use of {func} and {dict} see |sort()|. | |
| 7283 | |
| 140 | 7284 values({dict}) *values()* |
| 1621 | 7285 Return a |List| with all the values of {dict}. The |List| is |
| 685 | 7286 in arbitrary order. |
| 140 | 7287 |
| 7288 | |
| 7 | 7289 virtcol({expr}) *virtcol()* |
| 7290 The result is a Number, which is the screen column of the file | |
| 7291 position given with {expr}. That is, the last screen position | |
| 7292 occupied by the character at that position, when the screen | |
| 7293 would be of unlimited width. When there is a <Tab> at the | |
| 7294 position, the returned Number will be the column at the end of | |
| 7295 the <Tab>. For example, for a <Tab> in column 1, with 'ts' | |
| 3445 | 7296 set to 8, it returns 8. |conceal| is ignored. |
| 1317 | 7297 For the byte position use |col()|. |
| 7298 For the use of {expr} see |col()|. | |
| 7299 When 'virtualedit' is used {expr} can be [lnum, col, off], where | |
| 703 | 7300 "off" is the offset in screen columns from the start of the |
| 1266 | 7301 character. E.g., a position within a <Tab> or after the last |
| 2965 | 7302 character. When "off" is omitted zero is used. |
| 7 | 7303 When Virtual editing is active in the current mode, a position |
| 7304 beyond the end of the line can be returned. |'virtualedit'| | |
| 7305 The accepted positions are: | |
| 7306 . the cursor position | |
| 7307 $ the end of the cursor line (the result is the | |
| 7308 number of displayed characters in the cursor line | |
| 7309 plus one) | |
| 7310 'x position of mark x (if the mark is not set, 0 is | |
| 7311 returned) | |
| 6447 | 7312 v In Visual mode: the start of the Visual area (the |
| 7313 cursor is the end). When not in Visual mode | |
| 7314 returns the cursor position. Differs from |'<| in | |
| 7315 that it's updated right away. | |
| 7 | 7316 Note that only marks in the current file can be used. |
| 7317 Examples: > | |
| 7318 virtcol(".") with text "foo^Lbar", with cursor on the "^L", returns 5 | |
| 7319 virtcol("$") with text "foo^Lbar", returns 9 | |
| 1621 | 7320 virtcol("'t") with text " there", with 't at 'h', returns 6 |
| 7321 < The first column is 1. 0 is returned for an error. | |
| 1156 | 7322 A more advanced example that echoes the maximum length of |
| 7323 all lines: > | |
| 7324 echo max(map(range(1, line('$')), "virtcol([v:val, '$'])")) | |
| 7325 | |
| 7 | 7326 |
| 7327 visualmode([expr]) *visualmode()* | |
| 7328 The result is a String, which describes the last Visual mode | |
| 856 | 7329 used in the current buffer. Initially it returns an empty |
| 7330 string, but once Visual mode has been used, it returns "v", | |
| 7331 "V", or "<CTRL-V>" (a single CTRL-V character) for | |
| 7332 character-wise, line-wise, or block-wise Visual mode | |
| 7333 respectively. | |
| 7 | 7334 Example: > |
| 7335 :exe "normal " . visualmode() | |
| 7336 < This enters the same Visual mode as before. It is also useful | |
| 7337 in scripts if you wish to act differently depending on the | |
| 7338 Visual mode that was used. | |
| 1621 | 7339 If Visual mode is active, use |mode()| to get the Visual mode |
| 7340 (e.g., in a |:vmap|). | |
| 1661 | 7341 *non-zero-arg* |
| 7342 If [expr] is supplied and it evaluates to a non-zero Number or | |
| 7343 a non-empty String, then the Visual mode will be cleared and | |
| 1621 | 7344 the old value is returned. Note that " " and "0" are also |
| 1661 | 7345 non-empty strings, thus cause the mode to be cleared. A List, |
| 7346 Dictionary or Float is not a Number or String, thus does not | |
| 7347 cause the mode to be cleared. | |
| 7 | 7348 |
| 4151 | 7349 wildmenumode() *wildmenumode()* |
| 7350 Returns non-zero when the wildmenu is active and zero | |
| 7351 otherwise. See 'wildmenu' and 'wildmode'. | |
| 7352 This can be used in mappings to handle the 'wildcharm' option | |
| 7353 gracefully. (Makes only sense with |mapmode-c| mappings). | |
| 7354 | |
| 7355 For example to make <c-j> work like <down> in wildmode, use: > | |
| 7356 :cnoremap <expr> <C-j> wildmenumode() ? "\<Down>\<Tab>" : "\<c-j>" | |
| 7357 < | |
| 7358 (Note, this needs the 'wildcharm' option set appropriately). | |
| 7359 | |
| 7360 | |
|
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diff
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|
7361 win_findbuf({bufnr}) *win_findbuf()* |
|
09041d2fd7d0
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/9cdf86b86f5fdb5a45b682f336846f9d9a9c6f1f
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diff
changeset
|
7362 Returns a list with window IDs for windows that contain buffer |
|
09041d2fd7d0
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/9cdf86b86f5fdb5a45b682f336846f9d9a9c6f1f
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|
7363 {bufnr}. When there is none the list is empty. |
|
09041d2fd7d0
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/9cdf86b86f5fdb5a45b682f336846f9d9a9c6f1f
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changeset
|
7364 |
|
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changeset
|
7365 win_getid([{win} [, {tab}]]) *win_getid()* |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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diff
changeset
|
7366 Get the window ID for the specified window. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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|
7367 When {win} is missing use the current window. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/86edef664efccbfe685906c854b9cdd04e56f2d5
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|
7368 With {win} this is the window number. The top window has |
|
485d4d8a97f6
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/86edef664efccbfe685906c854b9cdd04e56f2d5
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|
7369 number 1. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/86edef664efccbfe685906c854b9cdd04e56f2d5
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|
7370 Without {tab} use the current tab, otherwise the tab with |
|
485d4d8a97f6
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/86edef664efccbfe685906c854b9cdd04e56f2d5
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changeset
|
7371 number {tab}. The first tab has number one. |
|
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diff
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|
7372 Return zero if the window cannot be found. |
|
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diff
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|
7373 |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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diff
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|
7374 win_gotoid({expr}) *win_gotoid()* |
|
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diff
changeset
|
7375 Go to window with ID {expr}. This may also change the current |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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diff
changeset
|
7376 tabpage. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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diff
changeset
|
7377 Return 1 if successful, 0 if the window cannot be found. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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diff
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|
7378 |
|
8876
47f17f66da3d
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parents:
8831
diff
changeset
|
7379 win_id2tabwin({expr}) *win_id2tabwin()* |
|
8534
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parents:
8512
diff
changeset
|
7380 Return a list with the tab number and window number of window |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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diff
changeset
|
7381 with ID {expr}: [tabnr, winnr]. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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diff
changeset
|
7382 Return [0, 0] if the window cannot be found. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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parents:
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diff
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|
7383 |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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parents:
8512
diff
changeset
|
7384 win_id2win({expr}) *win_id2win()* |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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parents:
8512
diff
changeset
|
7385 Return the window number of window with ID {expr}. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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parents:
8512
diff
changeset
|
7386 Return 0 if the window cannot be found in the current tabpage. |
|
485d4d8a97f6
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parents:
8512
diff
changeset
|
7387 |
| 7 | 7388 *winbufnr()* |
| 7389 winbufnr({nr}) The result is a Number, which is the number of the buffer | |
| 236 | 7390 associated with window {nr}. When {nr} is zero, the number of |
| 7 | 7391 the buffer in the current window is returned. When window |
| 7392 {nr} doesn't exist, -1 is returned. | |
| 7393 Example: > | |
| 7394 :echo "The file in the current window is " . bufname(winbufnr(0)) | |
| 7395 < | |
| 7396 *wincol()* | |
| 7397 wincol() The result is a Number, which is the virtual column of the | |
| 7398 cursor in the window. This is counting screen cells from the | |
| 7399 left side of the window. The leftmost column is one. | |
| 7400 | |
| 7401 winheight({nr}) *winheight()* | |
| 7402 The result is a Number, which is the height of window {nr}. | |
| 7403 When {nr} is zero, the height of the current window is | |
| 7404 returned. When window {nr} doesn't exist, -1 is returned. | |
| 7405 An existing window always has a height of zero or more. | |
| 7406 Examples: > | |
| 7407 :echo "The current window has " . winheight(0) . " lines." | |
| 7408 < | |
| 7409 *winline()* | |
| 7410 winline() The result is a Number, which is the screen line of the cursor | |
| 1621 | 7411 in the window. This is counting screen lines from the top of |
| 7 | 7412 the window. The first line is one. |
| 531 | 7413 If the cursor was moved the view on the file will be updated |
| 7414 first, this may cause a scroll. | |
| 7 | 7415 |
| 7416 *winnr()* | |
| 20 | 7417 winnr([{arg}]) The result is a Number, which is the number of the current |
| 7418 window. The top window has number 1. | |
| 7419 When the optional argument is "$", the number of the | |
| 3967 | 7420 last window is returned (the window count). > |
| 7421 let window_count = winnr('$') | |
| 7422 < When the optional argument is "#", the number of the last | |
| 20 | 7423 accessed window is returned (where |CTRL-W_p| goes to). |
| 1156 | 7424 If there is no previous window or it is in another tab page 0 |
| 7425 is returned. | |
| 20 | 7426 The number can be used with |CTRL-W_w| and ":wincmd w" |
| 7427 |:wincmd|. | |
| 1156 | 7428 Also see |tabpagewinnr()|. |
| 7 | 7429 |
| 7430 *winrestcmd()* | |
| 7431 winrestcmd() Returns a sequence of |:resize| commands that should restore | |
| 7432 the current window sizes. Only works properly when no windows | |
| 712 | 7433 are opened or closed and the current window and tab page is |
| 7434 unchanged. | |
| 7 | 7435 Example: > |
| 7436 :let cmd = winrestcmd() | |
| 7437 :call MessWithWindowSizes() | |
| 7438 :exe cmd | |
| 712 | 7439 < |
| 7440 *winrestview()* | |
| 7441 winrestview({dict}) | |
| 7442 Uses the |Dictionary| returned by |winsaveview()| to restore | |
| 7443 the view of the current window. | |
| 5940 | 7444 Note: The {dict} does not have to contain all values, that are |
| 7445 returned by |winsaveview()|. If values are missing, those | |
| 7446 settings won't be restored. So you can use: > | |
| 7447 :call winrestview({'curswant': 4}) | |
| 7448 < | |
| 7449 This will only set the curswant value (the column the cursor | |
| 7450 wants to move on vertical movements) of the cursor to column 5 | |
| 7451 (yes, that is 5), while all other settings will remain the | |
| 7452 same. This is useful, if you set the cursor position manually. | |
| 7453 | |
| 712 | 7454 If you have changed the values the result is unpredictable. |
| 7455 If the window size changed the result won't be the same. | |
| 7456 | |
| 7457 *winsaveview()* | |
| 7458 winsaveview() Returns a |Dictionary| that contains information to restore | |
| 7459 the view of the current window. Use |winrestview()| to | |
| 7460 restore the view. | |
| 7461 This is useful if you have a mapping that jumps around in the | |
| 7462 buffer and you want to go back to the original view. | |
| 7463 This does not save fold information. Use the 'foldenable' | |
| 798 | 7464 option to temporarily switch off folding, so that folds are |
|
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|
7465 not opened when moving around. This may have side effects. |
| 712 | 7466 The return value includes: |
| 7467 lnum cursor line number | |
| 5940 | 7468 col cursor column (Note: the first column |
| 7469 zero, as opposed to what getpos() | |
| 7470 returns) | |
| 712 | 7471 coladd cursor column offset for 'virtualedit' |
| 7472 curswant column for vertical movement | |
| 7473 topline first line in the window | |
| 7474 topfill filler lines, only in diff mode | |
| 7475 leftcol first column displayed | |
| 7476 skipcol columns skipped | |
| 7477 Note that no option values are saved. | |
| 7478 | |
| 7 | 7479 |
| 7480 winwidth({nr}) *winwidth()* | |
| 7481 The result is a Number, which is the width of window {nr}. | |
| 7482 When {nr} is zero, the width of the current window is | |
| 7483 returned. When window {nr} doesn't exist, -1 is returned. | |
| 7484 An existing window always has a width of zero or more. | |
| 7485 Examples: > | |
| 7486 :echo "The current window has " . winwidth(0) . " columns." | |
| 7487 :if winwidth(0) <= 50 | |
| 7488 : exe "normal 50\<C-W>|" | |
| 7489 :endif | |
| 7490 < | |
|
7480
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diff
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|
7491 wordcount() *wordcount()* |
|
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|
7492 The result is a dictionary of byte/chars/word statistics for |
|
a49163681559
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|
7493 the current buffer. This is the same info as provided by |
|
a49163681559
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parents:
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|
7494 |g_CTRL-G| |
|
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|
7495 The return value includes: |
|
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|
7496 bytes Number of bytes in the buffer |
|
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|
7497 chars Number of chars in the buffer |
|
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|
7498 words Number of words in the buffer |
|
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|
7499 cursor_bytes Number of bytes before cursor position |
|
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|
7500 (not in Visual mode) |
|
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|
7501 cursor_chars Number of chars before cursor position |
|
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|
7502 (not in Visual mode) |
|
a49163681559
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|
7503 cursor_words Number of words before cursor position |
|
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|
7504 (not in Visual mode) |
|
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|
7505 visual_bytes Number of bytes visually selected |
|
a49163681559
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|
7506 (only in Visual mode) |
|
a49163681559
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diff
changeset
|
7507 visual_chars Number of chars visually selected |
|
a49163681559
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|
7508 (only in Visual mode) |
|
a49163681559
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|
7509 visual_words Number of chars visually selected |
|
a49163681559
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changeset
|
7510 (only in Visual mode) |
|
a49163681559
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|
7511 |
|
a49163681559
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|
7512 |
| 158 | 7513 *writefile()* |
| 6341 | 7514 writefile({list}, {fname} [, {flags}]) |
| 685 | 7515 Write |List| {list} to file {fname}. Each list item is |
| 158 | 7516 separated with a NL. Each list item must be a String or |
| 7517 Number. | |
| 6341 | 7518 When {flags} contains "b" then binary mode is used: There will |
| 158 | 7519 not be a NL after the last list item. An empty item at the |
| 7520 end does cause the last line in the file to end in a NL. | |
| 6341 | 7521 |
| 7522 When {flags} contains "a" then append mode is used, lines are | |
| 7523 append to the file: > | |
| 7524 :call writefile(["foo"], "event.log", "a") | |
| 7525 :call writefile(["bar"], "event.log", "a") | |
| 7526 > | |
| 7527 < All NL characters are replaced with a NUL character. | |
| 158 | 7528 Inserting CR characters needs to be done before passing {list} |
| 7529 to writefile(). | |
| 7530 An existing file is overwritten, if possible. | |
| 7531 When the write fails -1 is returned, otherwise 0. There is an | |
| 7532 error message if the file can't be created or when writing | |
| 7533 fails. | |
| 7534 Also see |readfile()|. | |
| 7535 To copy a file byte for byte: > | |
| 7536 :let fl = readfile("foo", "b") | |
| 7537 :call writefile(fl, "foocopy", "b") | |
| 3214 | 7538 |
| 7539 | |
| 7540 xor({expr}, {expr}) *xor()* | |
| 7541 Bitwise XOR on the two arguments. The arguments are converted | |
| 7542 to a number. A List, Dict or Float argument causes an error. | |
| 7543 Example: > | |
| 7544 :let bits = xor(bits, 0x80) | |
| 3256 | 7545 < |
| 3214 | 7546 |
| 7 | 7547 |
| 7548 *feature-list* | |
| 6009 | 7549 There are four types of features: |
| 7 | 7550 1. Features that are only supported when they have been enabled when Vim |
| 7551 was compiled |+feature-list|. Example: > | |
| 7552 :if has("cindent") | |
| 7553 2. Features that are only supported when certain conditions have been met. | |
| 7554 Example: > | |
| 7555 :if has("gui_running") | |
| 7556 < *has-patch* | |
| 5814 | 7557 3. Included patches. The "patch123" feature means that patch 123 has been |
| 7558 included. Note that this form does not check the version of Vim, you need | |
| 7559 to inspect |v:version| for that. | |
| 7560 Example (checking version 6.2.148 or later): > | |
| 7 | 7561 :if v:version > 602 || v:version == 602 && has("patch148") |
| 5814 | 7562 < Note that it's possible for patch 147 to be omitted even though 148 is |
| 7563 included. | |
| 7564 | |
| 7565 4. Beyond a certain version or at a certain version and including a specific | |
| 5862 | 7566 patch. The "patch-7.4.237" feature means that the Vim version is 7.5 or |
| 7567 later, or it is version 7.4 and patch 237 was included. | |
| 7568 Note that this only works for patch 7.4.237 and later, before that you | |
| 7569 need to use the example above that checks v:version. Example: > | |
| 7570 :if has("patch-7.4.248") | |
| 5814 | 7571 < Note that it's possible for patch 147 to be omitted even though 148 is |
| 1156 | 7572 included. |
| 7 | 7573 |
| 5340 | 7574 acl Compiled with |ACL| support. |
| 7 | 7575 all_builtin_terms Compiled with all builtin terminals enabled. |
| 7576 amiga Amiga version of Vim. | |
| 7577 arabic Compiled with Arabic support |Arabic|. | |
| 7578 arp Compiled with ARP support (Amiga). | |
| 613 | 7579 autocmd Compiled with autocommand support. |autocommand| |
| 7 | 7580 balloon_eval Compiled with |balloon-eval| support. |
| 435 | 7581 balloon_multiline GUI supports multiline balloons. |
| 7 | 7582 beos BeOS version of Vim. |
| 7583 browse Compiled with |:browse| support, and browse() will | |
| 7584 work. | |
| 3682 | 7585 browsefilter Compiled with support for |browsefilter|. |
| 7 | 7586 builtin_terms Compiled with some builtin terminals. |
| 7587 byte_offset Compiled with support for 'o' in 'statusline' | |
| 7588 cindent Compiled with 'cindent' support. | |
| 7589 clientserver Compiled with remote invocation support |clientserver|. | |
| 7590 clipboard Compiled with 'clipboard' support. | |
| 7591 cmdline_compl Compiled with |cmdline-completion| support. | |
| 7592 cmdline_hist Compiled with |cmdline-history| support. | |
| 7593 cmdline_info Compiled with 'showcmd' and 'ruler' support. | |
| 7594 comments Compiled with |'comments'| support. | |
| 2681 | 7595 compatible Compiled to be very Vi compatible. |
| 7 | 7596 cryptv Compiled with encryption support |encryption|. |
| 7597 cscope Compiled with |cscope| support. | |
| 7598 debug Compiled with "DEBUG" defined. | |
| 7599 dialog_con Compiled with console dialog support. | |
| 7600 dialog_gui Compiled with GUI dialog support. | |
| 7601 diff Compiled with |vimdiff| and 'diff' support. | |
| 7602 digraphs Compiled with support for digraphs. | |
| 6110 | 7603 directx Compiled with support for Direct-X and 'renderoptions'. |
| 7 | 7604 dnd Compiled with support for the "~ register |quote_~|. |
| 2681 | 7605 dos16 16 bits DOS version of Vim. |
| 7 | 7606 dos32 32 bits DOS (DJGPP) version of Vim. |
| 7607 ebcdic Compiled on a machine with ebcdic character set. | |
| 7608 emacs_tags Compiled with support for Emacs tags. | |
| 7609 eval Compiled with expression evaluation support. Always | |
| 7610 true, of course! | |
|
7876
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Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7788
diff
changeset
|
7611 ex_extra |+ex_extra|, always true now |
| 7 | 7612 extra_search Compiled with support for |'incsearch'| and |
| 7613 |'hlsearch'| | |
| 7614 farsi Compiled with Farsi support |farsi|. | |
| 7615 file_in_path Compiled with support for |gf| and |<cfile>| | |
| 168 | 7616 filterpipe When 'shelltemp' is off pipes are used for shell |
| 7617 read/write/filter commands | |
| 7 | 7618 find_in_path Compiled with support for include file searches |
| 7619 |+find_in_path|. | |
| 1621 | 7620 float Compiled with support for |Float|. |
| 7 | 7621 fname_case Case in file names matters (for Amiga, MS-DOS, and |
| 7622 Windows this is not present). | |
| 7623 folding Compiled with |folding| support. | |
| 7624 footer Compiled with GUI footer support. |gui-footer| | |
| 7625 fork Compiled to use fork()/exec() instead of system(). | |
| 7626 gettext Compiled with message translation |multi-lang| | |
| 7627 gui Compiled with GUI enabled. | |
| 7628 gui_athena Compiled with Athena GUI. | |
| 2681 | 7629 gui_gnome Compiled with Gnome support (gui_gtk is also defined). |
| 7 | 7630 gui_gtk Compiled with GTK+ GUI (any version). |
| 7631 gui_gtk2 Compiled with GTK+ 2 GUI (gui_gtk is also defined). | |
|
8218
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8178
diff
changeset
|
7632 gui_gtk3 Compiled with GTK+ 3 GUI (gui_gtk is also defined). |
| 7 | 7633 gui_mac Compiled with Macintosh GUI. |
| 7634 gui_motif Compiled with Motif GUI. | |
| 7635 gui_photon Compiled with Photon GUI. | |
| 2681 | 7636 gui_running Vim is running in the GUI, or it will start soon. |
| 7 | 7637 gui_win32 Compiled with MS Windows Win32 GUI. |
| 7638 gui_win32s idem, and Win32s system being used (Windows 3.1) | |
| 7639 hangul_input Compiled with Hangul input support. |hangul| | |
| 7640 iconv Can use iconv() for conversion. | |
| 7641 insert_expand Compiled with support for CTRL-X expansion commands in | |
| 7642 Insert mode. | |
| 7643 jumplist Compiled with |jumplist| support. | |
| 7644 keymap Compiled with 'keymap' support. | |
| 7645 langmap Compiled with 'langmap' support. | |
| 7646 libcall Compiled with |libcall()| support. | |
| 5995 | 7647 linebreak Compiled with 'linebreak', 'breakat', 'showbreak' and |
| 7648 'breakindent' support. | |
| 7 | 7649 lispindent Compiled with support for lisp indenting. |
| 7650 listcmds Compiled with commands for the buffer list |:files| | |
| 7651 and the argument list |arglist|. | |
| 7652 localmap Compiled with local mappings and abbr. |:map-local| | |
|
2320
966a5609669e
Added Lua interfae. (Luis Carvalho)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2290
diff
changeset
|
7653 lua Compiled with Lua interface |Lua|. |
|
8094
18a3f0f05244
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/910b8aac5dc4693c4508b7acd2cef0bbfac04242
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8078
diff
changeset
|
7654 mac Any Macintosh version of Vim. |
|
8078
7676818d486b
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/f8df7addc5f741c16fa2a458f8777ac1fdf2e01e
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
|
7655 macunix Compiled for OS X, with darwin |
|
7676818d486b
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/f8df7addc5f741c16fa2a458f8777ac1fdf2e01e
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
|
7656 osx Compiled for OS X, with or without darwin |
| 7 | 7657 menu Compiled with support for |:menu|. |
| 7658 mksession Compiled with support for |:mksession|. | |
| 7659 modify_fname Compiled with file name modifiers. |filename-modifiers| | |
| 7660 mouse Compiled with support mouse. | |
| 7661 mouse_dec Compiled with support for Dec terminal mouse. | |
| 7662 mouse_gpm Compiled with support for gpm (Linux console mouse) | |
| 7663 mouse_netterm Compiled with support for netterm mouse. | |
| 7664 mouse_pterm Compiled with support for qnx pterm mouse. | |
| 1621 | 7665 mouse_sysmouse Compiled with support for sysmouse (*BSD console mouse) |
| 3750 | 7666 mouse_sgr Compiled with support for sgr mouse. |
| 3224 | 7667 mouse_urxvt Compiled with support for urxvt mouse. |
| 7 | 7668 mouse_xterm Compiled with support for xterm mouse. |
| 2681 | 7669 mouseshape Compiled with support for 'mouseshape'. |
| 1768 | 7670 multi_byte Compiled with support for 'encoding' |
| 7671 multi_byte_encoding 'encoding' is set to a multi-byte encoding. | |
| 7 | 7672 multi_byte_ime Compiled with support for IME input method. |
| 7673 multi_lang Compiled with support for multiple languages. | |
| 14 | 7674 mzscheme Compiled with MzScheme interface |mzscheme|. |
| 2681 | 7675 netbeans_enabled Compiled with support for |netbeans| and connected. |
| 7 | 7676 netbeans_intg Compiled with support for |netbeans|. |
| 7677 ole Compiled with OLE automation support for Win32. | |
| 7678 os2 OS/2 version of Vim. | |
| 7679 path_extra Compiled with up/downwards search in 'path' and 'tags' | |
| 7680 perl Compiled with Perl interface. | |
|
2214
f8222d1f9a73
Included patch for persistent undo. Lots of changes and added test.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2210
diff
changeset
|
7681 persistent_undo Compiled with support for persistent undo history. |
| 7 | 7682 postscript Compiled with PostScript file printing. |
| 7683 printer Compiled with |:hardcopy| support. | |
| 170 | 7684 profile Compiled with |:profile| support. |
| 2826 | 7685 python Compiled with Python 2.x interface. |has-python| |
| 7686 python3 Compiled with Python 3.x interface. |has-python| | |
| 7 | 7687 qnx QNX version of Vim. |
| 7688 quickfix Compiled with |quickfix| support. | |
| 857 | 7689 reltime Compiled with |reltime()| support. |
| 7 | 7690 rightleft Compiled with 'rightleft' support. |
| 7691 ruby Compiled with Ruby interface |ruby|. | |
| 7692 scrollbind Compiled with 'scrollbind' support. | |
| 7693 showcmd Compiled with 'showcmd' support. | |
| 7694 signs Compiled with |:sign| support. | |
| 7695 smartindent Compiled with 'smartindent' support. | |
| 2681 | 7696 spell Compiled with spell checking support |spell|. |
| 1989 | 7697 startuptime Compiled with |--startuptime| support. |
| 7 | 7698 statusline Compiled with support for 'statusline', 'rulerformat' |
| 7699 and special formats of 'titlestring' and 'iconstring'. | |
| 7700 sun_workshop Compiled with support for Sun |workshop|. | |
| 314 | 7701 syntax Compiled with syntax highlighting support |syntax|. |
| 7 | 7702 syntax_items There are active syntax highlighting items for the |
| 7703 current buffer. | |
| 7704 system Compiled to use system() instead of fork()/exec(). | |
| 7705 tag_binary Compiled with binary searching in tags files | |
| 7706 |tag-binary-search|. | |
| 7707 tag_old_static Compiled with support for old static tags | |
| 7708 |tag-old-static|. | |
| 7709 tag_any_white Compiled with support for any white characters in tags | |
| 7710 files |tag-any-white|. | |
| 7711 tcl Compiled with Tcl interface. | |
| 7712 terminfo Compiled with terminfo instead of termcap. | |
| 7713 termresponse Compiled with support for |t_RV| and |v:termresponse|. | |
| 7714 textobjects Compiled with support for |text-objects|. | |
| 7715 tgetent Compiled with tgetent support, able to use a termcap | |
| 7716 or terminfo file. | |
|
8577
63dc856bd13d
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/975b5271eed4fa0500c24a8f37be0b1797cb9db7
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8538
diff
changeset
|
7717 timers Compiled with |timer_start()| support. |
| 7 | 7718 title Compiled with window title support |'title'|. |
| 7719 toolbar Compiled with support for |gui-toolbar|. | |
| 7720 unix Unix version of Vim. | |
| 7721 user_commands User-defined commands. | |
| 2681 | 7722 vertsplit Compiled with vertically split windows |:vsplit|. |
| 2581 | 7723 vim_starting True while initial source'ing takes place. |startup| |
|
8748
b1a19a2f73f0
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/4f3f668c8486444e53163c29d2fc79bf47eb3c82
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8738
diff
changeset
|
7724 *vim_starting* |
| 2681 | 7725 viminfo Compiled with viminfo support. |
| 7 | 7726 virtualedit Compiled with 'virtualedit' option. |
| 7727 visual Compiled with Visual mode. | |
| 7728 visualextra Compiled with extra Visual mode commands. | |
| 7729 |blockwise-operators|. | |
| 7730 vms VMS version of Vim. | |
| 7731 vreplace Compiled with |gR| and |gr| commands. | |
| 7732 wildignore Compiled with 'wildignore' option. | |
| 7733 wildmenu Compiled with 'wildmenu' option. | |
|
2698
b6471224d2af
Updated runtime files and translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2681
diff
changeset
|
7734 win32 Win32 version of Vim (MS-Windows 95 and later, 32 or |
|
b6471224d2af
Updated runtime files and translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2681
diff
changeset
|
7735 64 bits) |
| 2681 | 7736 win32unix Win32 version of Vim, using Unix files (Cygwin) |
| 7 | 7737 win64 Win64 version of Vim (MS-Windows 64 bit). |
| 7738 win95 Win32 version for MS-Windows 95/98/ME. | |
| 2681 | 7739 winaltkeys Compiled with 'winaltkeys' option. |
| 7740 windows Compiled with support for more than one window. | |
| 7 | 7741 writebackup Compiled with 'writebackup' default on. |
| 7742 xfontset Compiled with X fontset support |xfontset|. | |
| 7743 xim Compiled with X input method support |xim|. | |
| 5340 | 7744 xpm Compiled with pixmap support. |
| 7745 xpm_w32 Compiled with pixmap support for Win32. (Only for | |
| 7746 backward compatibility. Use "xpm" instead.) | |
| 7 | 7747 xsmp Compiled with X session management support. |
| 7748 xsmp_interact Compiled with interactive X session management support. | |
| 7749 xterm_clipboard Compiled with support for xterm clipboard. | |
| 7750 xterm_save Compiled with support for saving and restoring the | |
| 7751 xterm screen. | |
| 7752 x11 Compiled with X11 support. | |
| 7753 | |
| 7754 *string-match* | |
| 7755 Matching a pattern in a String | |
| 7756 | |
| 7757 A regexp pattern as explained at |pattern| is normally used to find a match in | |
| 7758 the buffer lines. When a pattern is used to find a match in a String, almost | |
| 7759 everything works in the same way. The difference is that a String is handled | |
| 7760 like it is one line. When it contains a "\n" character, this is not seen as a | |
| 7761 line break for the pattern. It can be matched with a "\n" in the pattern, or | |
| 7762 with ".". Example: > | |
| 7763 :let a = "aaaa\nxxxx" | |
| 7764 :echo matchstr(a, "..\n..") | |
| 7765 aa | |
| 7766 xx | |
| 7767 :echo matchstr(a, "a.x") | |
| 7768 a | |
| 7769 x | |
| 7770 | |
| 7771 Don't forget that "^" will only match at the first character of the String and | |
| 7772 "$" at the last character of the string. They don't match after or before a | |
| 7773 "\n". | |
| 7774 | |
| 7775 ============================================================================== | |
| 7776 5. Defining functions *user-functions* | |
| 7777 | |
| 7778 New functions can be defined. These can be called just like builtin | |
| 7779 functions. The function executes a sequence of Ex commands. Normal mode | |
| 7780 commands can be executed with the |:normal| command. | |
| 7781 | |
| 7782 The function name must start with an uppercase letter, to avoid confusion with | |
| 7783 builtin functions. To prevent from using the same name in different scripts | |
| 7784 avoid obvious, short names. A good habit is to start the function name with | |
| 7785 the name of the script, e.g., "HTMLcolor()". | |
| 7786 | |
| 504 | 7787 It's also possible to use curly braces, see |curly-braces-names|. And the |
| 7788 |autoload| facility is useful to define a function only when it's called. | |
| 7 | 7789 |
| 7790 *local-function* | |
| 7791 A function local to a script must start with "s:". A local script function | |
| 7792 can only be called from within the script and from functions, user commands | |
| 7793 and autocommands defined in the script. It is also possible to call the | |
| 1698 | 7794 function from a mapping defined in the script, but then |<SID>| must be used |
| 7 | 7795 instead of "s:" when the mapping is expanded outside of the script. |
| 5862 | 7796 There are only script-local functions, no buffer-local or window-local |
| 7797 functions. | |
| 7 | 7798 |
| 7799 *:fu* *:function* *E128* *E129* *E123* | |
| 7800 :fu[nction] List all functions and their arguments. | |
| 7801 | |
| 7802 :fu[nction] {name} List function {name}. | |
| 685 | 7803 {name} can also be a |Dictionary| entry that is a |
| 7804 |Funcref|: > | |
| 114 | 7805 :function dict.init |
| 504 | 7806 |
| 7807 :fu[nction] /{pattern} List functions with a name matching {pattern}. | |
| 7808 Example that lists all functions ending with "File": > | |
| 7809 :function /File$ | |
| 482 | 7810 < |
| 7811 *:function-verbose* | |
| 7812 When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing a function will also display where it was | |
| 7813 last defined. Example: > | |
| 7814 | |
| 7815 :verbose function SetFileTypeSH | |
| 7816 function SetFileTypeSH(name) | |
| 7817 Last set from /usr/share/vim/vim-7.0/filetype.vim | |
| 7818 < | |
| 484 | 7819 See |:verbose-cmd| for more information. |
| 482 | 7820 |
| 5862 | 7821 *E124* *E125* *E853* *E884* |
| 102 | 7822 :fu[nction][!] {name}([arguments]) [range] [abort] [dict] |
| 7 | 7823 Define a new function by the name {name}. The name |
| 7824 must be made of alphanumeric characters and '_', and | |
| 5862 | 7825 must start with a capital or "s:" (see above). Note |
| 7826 that using "b:" or "g:" is not allowed. (since patch | |
| 7827 7.4.260 E884 is given if the function name has a colon | |
| 7828 in the name, e.g. for "foo:bar()". Before that patch | |
| 7829 no error was given). | |
| 114 | 7830 |
| 685 | 7831 {name} can also be a |Dictionary| entry that is a |
| 7832 |Funcref|: > | |
| 114 | 7833 :function dict.init(arg) |
| 1621 | 7834 < "dict" must be an existing dictionary. The entry |
| 114 | 7835 "init" is added if it didn't exist yet. Otherwise [!] |
| 1621 | 7836 is required to overwrite an existing function. The |
| 114 | 7837 result is a |Funcref| to a numbered function. The |
| 7838 function can only be used with a |Funcref| and will be | |
| 7839 deleted if there are no more references to it. | |
| 7 | 7840 *E127* *E122* |
| 7841 When a function by this name already exists and [!] is | |
| 7842 not used an error message is given. When [!] is used, | |
| 7843 an existing function is silently replaced. Unless it | |
| 7844 is currently being executed, that is an error. | |
| 133 | 7845 |
| 7846 For the {arguments} see |function-argument|. | |
| 7847 | |
| 5618 | 7848 *:func-range* *a:firstline* *a:lastline* |
| 7 | 7849 When the [range] argument is added, the function is |
| 7850 expected to take care of a range itself. The range is | |
| 7851 passed as "a:firstline" and "a:lastline". If [range] | |
| 7852 is excluded, ":{range}call" will call the function for | |
| 7853 each line in the range, with the cursor on the start | |
| 7854 of each line. See |function-range-example|. | |
| 3967 | 7855 The cursor is still moved to the first line of the |
| 7856 range, as is the case with all Ex commands. | |
| 5618 | 7857 *:func-abort* |
| 7 | 7858 When the [abort] argument is added, the function will |
| 7859 abort as soon as an error is detected. | |
| 5618 | 7860 *:func-dict* |
| 102 | 7861 When the [dict] argument is added, the function must |
| 1621 | 7862 be invoked through an entry in a |Dictionary|. The |
| 102 | 7863 local variable "self" will then be set to the |
| 7864 dictionary. See |Dictionary-function|. | |
| 7 | 7865 |
| 1621 | 7866 *function-search-undo* |
| 653 | 7867 The last used search pattern and the redo command "." |
| 1621 | 7868 will not be changed by the function. This also |
| 7869 implies that the effect of |:nohlsearch| is undone | |
| 7870 when the function returns. | |
| 653 | 7871 |
| 7 | 7872 *:endf* *:endfunction* *E126* *E193* |
| 7873 :endf[unction] The end of a function definition. Must be on a line | |
| 7874 by its own, without other commands. | |
| 7875 | |
| 7876 *:delf* *:delfunction* *E130* *E131* | |
| 7877 :delf[unction] {name} Delete function {name}. | |
| 685 | 7878 {name} can also be a |Dictionary| entry that is a |
| 7879 |Funcref|: > | |
| 114 | 7880 :delfunc dict.init |
| 1621 | 7881 < This will remove the "init" entry from "dict". The |
| 114 | 7882 function is deleted if there are no more references to |
| 7883 it. | |
| 7 | 7884 *:retu* *:return* *E133* |
| 7885 :retu[rn] [expr] Return from a function. When "[expr]" is given, it is | |
| 7886 evaluated and returned as the result of the function. | |
| 7887 If "[expr]" is not given, the number 0 is returned. | |
| 7888 When a function ends without an explicit ":return", | |
| 7889 the number 0 is returned. | |
| 7890 Note that there is no check for unreachable lines, | |
| 7891 thus there is no warning if commands follow ":return". | |
| 7892 | |
| 7893 If the ":return" is used after a |:try| but before the | |
| 7894 matching |:finally| (if present), the commands | |
| 7895 following the ":finally" up to the matching |:endtry| | |
| 7896 are executed first. This process applies to all | |
| 7897 nested ":try"s inside the function. The function | |
| 7898 returns at the outermost ":endtry". | |
| 7899 | |
| 133 | 7900 *function-argument* *a:var* |
| 1621 | 7901 An argument can be defined by giving its name. In the function this can then |
| 133 | 7902 be used as "a:name" ("a:" for argument). |
| 1156 | 7903 *a:0* *a:1* *a:000* *E740* *...* |
| 133 | 7904 Up to 20 arguments can be given, separated by commas. After the named |
| 7905 arguments an argument "..." can be specified, which means that more arguments | |
| 7906 may optionally be following. In the function the extra arguments can be used | |
| 7907 as "a:1", "a:2", etc. "a:0" is set to the number of extra arguments (which | |
| 685 | 7908 can be 0). "a:000" is set to a |List| that contains these arguments. Note |
| 7909 that "a:1" is the same as "a:000[0]". | |
| 148 | 7910 *E742* |
| 7911 The a: scope and the variables in it cannot be changed, they are fixed. | |
| 1698 | 7912 However, if a |List| or |Dictionary| is used, you can change their contents. |
| 685 | 7913 Thus you can pass a |List| to a function and have the function add an item to |
| 7914 it. If you want to make sure the function cannot change a |List| or | |
| 7915 |Dictionary| use |:lockvar|. | |
| 133 | 7916 |
| 7917 When not using "...", the number of arguments in a function call must be equal | |
| 7918 to the number of named arguments. When using "...", the number of arguments | |
| 7919 may be larger. | |
| 7920 | |
| 7921 It is also possible to define a function without any arguments. You must | |
| 7922 still supply the () then. The body of the function follows in the next lines, | |
| 7923 until the matching |:endfunction|. It is allowed to define another function | |
| 7924 inside a function body. | |
| 7925 | |
| 7926 *local-variables* | |
| 7 | 7927 Inside a function variables can be used. These are local variables, which |
| 7928 will disappear when the function returns. Global variables need to be | |
| 7929 accessed with "g:". | |
| 7930 | |
| 7931 Example: > | |
| 7932 :function Table(title, ...) | |
| 7933 : echohl Title | |
| 7934 : echo a:title | |
| 7935 : echohl None | |
| 140 | 7936 : echo a:0 . " items:" |
| 7937 : for s in a:000 | |
| 7938 : echon ' ' . s | |
| 7939 : endfor | |
| 7 | 7940 :endfunction |
| 7941 | |
| 7942 This function can then be called with: > | |
| 140 | 7943 call Table("Table", "line1", "line2") |
| 7944 call Table("Empty Table") | |
| 7 | 7945 |
| 1156 | 7946 To return more than one value, return a |List|: > |
| 7947 :function Compute(n1, n2) | |
| 7 | 7948 : if a:n2 == 0 |
| 1156 | 7949 : return ["fail", 0] |
| 7 | 7950 : endif |
| 1156 | 7951 : return ["ok", a:n1 / a:n2] |
| 7 | 7952 :endfunction |
| 7953 | |
| 7954 This function can then be called with: > | |
| 1156 | 7955 :let [success, div] = Compute(102, 6) |
| 7 | 7956 :if success == "ok" |
| 7957 : echo div | |
| 7958 :endif | |
| 1156 | 7959 < |
| 786 | 7960 *:cal* *:call* *E107* *E117* |
| 7 | 7961 :[range]cal[l] {name}([arguments]) |
| 7962 Call a function. The name of the function and its arguments | |
| 7963 are as specified with |:function|. Up to 20 arguments can be | |
| 1156 | 7964 used. The returned value is discarded. |
| 7 | 7965 Without a range and for functions that accept a range, the |
| 7966 function is called once. When a range is given the cursor is | |
| 7967 positioned at the start of the first line before executing the | |
| 7968 function. | |
| 7969 When a range is given and the function doesn't handle it | |
| 7970 itself, the function is executed for each line in the range, | |
| 7971 with the cursor in the first column of that line. The cursor | |
| 7972 is left at the last line (possibly moved by the last function | |
| 1621 | 7973 call). The arguments are re-evaluated for each line. Thus |
| 7 | 7974 this works: |
| 7975 *function-range-example* > | |
| 7976 :function Mynumber(arg) | |
| 7977 : echo line(".") . " " . a:arg | |
| 7978 :endfunction | |
| 7979 :1,5call Mynumber(getline(".")) | |
| 7980 < | |
| 7981 The "a:firstline" and "a:lastline" are defined anyway, they | |
| 7982 can be used to do something different at the start or end of | |
| 7983 the range. | |
| 7984 | |
| 7985 Example of a function that handles the range itself: > | |
| 7986 | |
| 7987 :function Cont() range | |
| 7988 : execute (a:firstline + 1) . "," . a:lastline . 's/^/\t\\ ' | |
| 7989 :endfunction | |
| 7990 :4,8call Cont() | |
| 7991 < | |
| 7992 This function inserts the continuation character "\" in front | |
| 7993 of all the lines in the range, except the first one. | |
| 7994 | |
| 1156 | 7995 When the function returns a composite value it can be further |
| 7996 dereferenced, but the range will not be used then. Example: > | |
| 7997 :4,8call GetDict().method() | |
| 7998 < Here GetDict() gets the range but method() does not. | |
| 7999 | |
| 7 | 8000 *E132* |
| 8001 The recursiveness of user functions is restricted with the |'maxfuncdepth'| | |
| 8002 option. | |
| 8003 | |
| 161 | 8004 |
| 8005 AUTOMATICALLY LOADING FUNCTIONS ~ | |
| 7 | 8006 *autoload-functions* |
| 8007 When using many or large functions, it's possible to automatically define them | |
| 161 | 8008 only when they are used. There are two methods: with an autocommand and with |
| 8009 the "autoload" directory in 'runtimepath'. | |
| 8010 | |
| 8011 | |
| 8012 Using an autocommand ~ | |
| 8013 | |
| 170 | 8014 This is introduced in the user manual, section |41.14|. |
| 8015 | |
| 161 | 8016 The autocommand is useful if you have a plugin that is a long Vim script file. |
| 8017 You can define the autocommand and quickly quit the script with |:finish|. | |
| 1621 | 8018 That makes Vim startup faster. The autocommand should then load the same file |
| 161 | 8019 again, setting a variable to skip the |:finish| command. |
| 8020 | |
| 8021 Use the FuncUndefined autocommand event with a pattern that matches the | |
| 8022 function(s) to be defined. Example: > | |
| 7 | 8023 |
| 8024 :au FuncUndefined BufNet* source ~/vim/bufnetfuncs.vim | |
| 8025 | |
| 8026 The file "~/vim/bufnetfuncs.vim" should then define functions that start with | |
| 8027 "BufNet". Also see |FuncUndefined|. | |
| 8028 | |
| 161 | 8029 |
| 8030 Using an autoload script ~ | |
| 168 | 8031 *autoload* *E746* |
| 170 | 8032 This is introduced in the user manual, section |41.15|. |
| 8033 | |
| 161 | 8034 Using a script in the "autoload" directory is simpler, but requires using |
| 8035 exactly the right file name. A function that can be autoloaded has a name | |
| 8036 like this: > | |
| 8037 | |
| 270 | 8038 :call filename#funcname() |
| 161 | 8039 |
| 8040 When such a function is called, and it is not defined yet, Vim will search the | |
| 8041 "autoload" directories in 'runtimepath' for a script file called | |
| 8042 "filename.vim". For example "~/.vim/autoload/filename.vim". That file should | |
| 8043 then define the function like this: > | |
| 8044 | |
| 270 | 8045 function filename#funcname() |
| 161 | 8046 echo "Done!" |
| 8047 endfunction | |
| 8048 | |
| 530 | 8049 The file name and the name used before the # in the function must match |
| 161 | 8050 exactly, and the defined function must have the name exactly as it will be |
| 8051 called. | |
| 8052 | |
| 270 | 8053 It is possible to use subdirectories. Every # in the function name works like |
| 8054 a path separator. Thus when calling a function: > | |
| 8055 | |
| 8056 :call foo#bar#func() | |
| 161 | 8057 |
| 8058 Vim will look for the file "autoload/foo/bar.vim" in 'runtimepath'. | |
| 8059 | |
| 168 | 8060 This also works when reading a variable that has not been set yet: > |
| 8061 | |
| 270 | 8062 :let l = foo#bar#lvar |
| 168 | 8063 |
| 557 | 8064 However, when the autoload script was already loaded it won't be loaded again |
| 8065 for an unknown variable. | |
| 8066 | |
| 168 | 8067 When assigning a value to such a variable nothing special happens. This can |
| 8068 be used to pass settings to the autoload script before it's loaded: > | |
| 8069 | |
| 270 | 8070 :let foo#bar#toggle = 1 |
| 8071 :call foo#bar#func() | |
| 168 | 8072 |
| 164 | 8073 Note that when you make a mistake and call a function that is supposed to be |
| 8074 defined in an autoload script, but the script doesn't actually define the | |
| 8075 function, the script will be sourced every time you try to call the function. | |
| 168 | 8076 And you will get an error message every time. |
| 8077 | |
| 8078 Also note that if you have two script files, and one calls a function in the | |
| 1621 | 8079 other and vice versa, before the used function is defined, it won't work. |
| 168 | 8080 Avoid using the autoload functionality at the toplevel. |
| 161 | 8081 |
| 794 | 8082 Hint: If you distribute a bunch of scripts you can pack them together with the |
| 8083 |vimball| utility. Also read the user manual |distribute-script|. | |
| 8084 | |
| 7 | 8085 ============================================================================== |
| 8086 6. Curly braces names *curly-braces-names* | |
| 8087 | |
|
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parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
8088 In most places where you can use a variable, you can use a "curly braces name" |
|
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parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
8089 variable. This is a regular variable name with one or more expressions |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
8090 wrapped in braces {} like this: > |
| 7 | 8091 my_{adjective}_variable |
| 8092 | |
| 8093 When Vim encounters this, it evaluates the expression inside the braces, puts | |
| 8094 that in place of the expression, and re-interprets the whole as a variable | |
| 8095 name. So in the above example, if the variable "adjective" was set to | |
| 8096 "noisy", then the reference would be to "my_noisy_variable", whereas if | |
| 8097 "adjective" was set to "quiet", then it would be to "my_quiet_variable". | |
| 8098 | |
| 8099 One application for this is to create a set of variables governed by an option | |
| 1621 | 8100 value. For example, the statement > |
| 7 | 8101 echo my_{&background}_message |
| 8102 | |
| 8103 would output the contents of "my_dark_message" or "my_light_message" depending | |
| 8104 on the current value of 'background'. | |
| 8105 | |
| 8106 You can use multiple brace pairs: > | |
| 8107 echo my_{adverb}_{adjective}_message | |
| 8108 ..or even nest them: > | |
| 8109 echo my_{ad{end_of_word}}_message | |
| 8110 where "end_of_word" is either "verb" or "jective". | |
| 8111 | |
| 8112 However, the expression inside the braces must evaluate to a valid single | |
| 236 | 8113 variable name, e.g. this is invalid: > |
| 7 | 8114 :let foo='a + b' |
| 8115 :echo c{foo}d | |
| 8116 .. since the result of expansion is "ca + bd", which is not a variable name. | |
| 8117 | |
| 8118 *curly-braces-function-names* | |
| 8119 You can call and define functions by an evaluated name in a similar way. | |
| 8120 Example: > | |
| 8121 :let func_end='whizz' | |
| 8122 :call my_func_{func_end}(parameter) | |
| 8123 | |
| 8124 This would call the function "my_func_whizz(parameter)". | |
| 8125 | |
|
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parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
8126 This does NOT work: > |
|
94601b379f38
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
8127 :let i = 3 |
|
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Updated runtime files. Add Dutch translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
8128 :let @{i} = '' " error |
|
94601b379f38
Updated runtime files. Add Dutch translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
3398
diff
changeset
|
8129 :echo @{i} " error |
|
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diff
changeset
|
8130 |
| 7 | 8131 ============================================================================== |
| 8132 7. Commands *expression-commands* | |
| 8133 | |
| 8134 :let {var-name} = {expr1} *:let* *E18* | |
| 8135 Set internal variable {var-name} to the result of the | |
| 8136 expression {expr1}. The variable will get the type | |
| 8137 from the {expr}. If {var-name} didn't exist yet, it | |
| 8138 is created. | |
| 8139 | |
| 85 | 8140 :let {var-name}[{idx}] = {expr1} *E689* |
| 8141 Set a list item to the result of the expression | |
| 8142 {expr1}. {var-name} must refer to a list and {idx} | |
| 8143 must be a valid index in that list. For nested list | |
| 8144 the index can be repeated. | |
| 1621 | 8145 This cannot be used to add an item to a |List|. |
| 8146 This cannot be used to set a byte in a String. You | |
| 8147 can do that like this: > | |
| 8148 :let var = var[0:2] . 'X' . var[4:] | |
| 8149 < | |
| 114 | 8150 *E711* *E719* |
| 8151 :let {var-name}[{idx1}:{idx2}] = {expr1} *E708* *E709* *E710* | |
| 685 | 8152 Set a sequence of items in a |List| to the result of |
| 8153 the expression {expr1}, which must be a list with the | |
| 87 | 8154 correct number of items. |
| 8155 {idx1} can be omitted, zero is used instead. | |
| 8156 {idx2} can be omitted, meaning the end of the list. | |
| 8157 When the selected range of items is partly past the | |
| 8158 end of the list, items will be added. | |
| 8159 | |
| 153 | 8160 *:let+=* *:let-=* *:let.=* *E734* |
| 114 | 8161 :let {var} += {expr1} Like ":let {var} = {var} + {expr1}". |
| 8162 :let {var} -= {expr1} Like ":let {var} = {var} - {expr1}". | |
| 8163 :let {var} .= {expr1} Like ":let {var} = {var} . {expr1}". | |
| 8164 These fail if {var} was not set yet and when the type | |
| 8165 of {var} and {expr1} don't fit the operator. | |
| 8166 | |
| 8167 | |
| 7 | 8168 :let ${env-name} = {expr1} *:let-environment* *:let-$* |
| 8169 Set environment variable {env-name} to the result of | |
| 8170 the expression {expr1}. The type is always String. | |
| 114 | 8171 :let ${env-name} .= {expr1} |
| 8172 Append {expr1} to the environment variable {env-name}. | |
| 8173 If the environment variable didn't exist yet this | |
| 8174 works like "=". | |
| 7 | 8175 |
| 8176 :let @{reg-name} = {expr1} *:let-register* *:let-@* | |
| 8177 Write the result of the expression {expr1} in register | |
| 8178 {reg-name}. {reg-name} must be a single letter, and | |
| 8179 must be the name of a writable register (see | |
| 8180 |registers|). "@@" can be used for the unnamed | |
| 8181 register, "@/" for the search pattern. | |
| 8182 If the result of {expr1} ends in a <CR> or <NL>, the | |
| 8183 register will be linewise, otherwise it will be set to | |
| 8184 characterwise. | |
| 8185 This can be used to clear the last search pattern: > | |
| 8186 :let @/ = "" | |
| 8187 < This is different from searching for an empty string, | |
| 8188 that would match everywhere. | |
| 8189 | |
| 114 | 8190 :let @{reg-name} .= {expr1} |
| 1621 | 8191 Append {expr1} to register {reg-name}. If the |
| 114 | 8192 register was empty it's like setting it to {expr1}. |
| 8193 | |
| 1156 | 8194 :let &{option-name} = {expr1} *:let-option* *:let-&* |
| 7 | 8195 Set option {option-name} to the result of the |
| 68 | 8196 expression {expr1}. A String or Number value is |
| 8197 always converted to the type of the option. | |
| 7 | 8198 For an option local to a window or buffer the effect |
| 8199 is just like using the |:set| command: both the local | |
| 555 | 8200 value and the global value are changed. |
| 68 | 8201 Example: > |
| 8202 :let &path = &path . ',/usr/local/include' | |
| 7 | 8203 |
| 114 | 8204 :let &{option-name} .= {expr1} |
| 8205 For a string option: Append {expr1} to the value. | |
| 8206 Does not insert a comma like |:set+=|. | |
| 8207 | |
| 8208 :let &{option-name} += {expr1} | |
| 8209 :let &{option-name} -= {expr1} | |
| 8210 For a number or boolean option: Add or subtract | |
| 8211 {expr1}. | |
| 8212 | |
| 7 | 8213 :let &l:{option-name} = {expr1} |
| 114 | 8214 :let &l:{option-name} .= {expr1} |
| 8215 :let &l:{option-name} += {expr1} | |
| 8216 :let &l:{option-name} -= {expr1} | |
| 7 | 8217 Like above, but only set the local value of an option |
| 8218 (if there is one). Works like |:setlocal|. | |
| 8219 | |
| 8220 :let &g:{option-name} = {expr1} | |
| 114 | 8221 :let &g:{option-name} .= {expr1} |
| 8222 :let &g:{option-name} += {expr1} | |
| 8223 :let &g:{option-name} -= {expr1} | |
| 7 | 8224 Like above, but only set the global value of an option |
| 8225 (if there is one). Works like |:setglobal|. | |
| 8226 | |
| 85 | 8227 :let [{name1}, {name2}, ...] = {expr1} *:let-unpack* *E687* *E688* |
| 685 | 8228 {expr1} must evaluate to a |List|. The first item in |
| 68 | 8229 the list is assigned to {name1}, the second item to |
| 8230 {name2}, etc. | |
| 8231 The number of names must match the number of items in | |
| 685 | 8232 the |List|. |
| 68 | 8233 Each name can be one of the items of the ":let" |
| 8234 command as mentioned above. | |
| 8235 Example: > | |
| 8236 :let [s, item] = GetItem(s) | |
| 114 | 8237 < Detail: {expr1} is evaluated first, then the |
| 8238 assignments are done in sequence. This matters if | |
| 8239 {name2} depends on {name1}. Example: > | |
| 8240 :let x = [0, 1] | |
| 8241 :let i = 0 | |
| 8242 :let [i, x[i]] = [1, 2] | |
| 8243 :echo x | |
| 8244 < The result is [0, 2]. | |
| 8245 | |
| 8246 :let [{name1}, {name2}, ...] .= {expr1} | |
| 8247 :let [{name1}, {name2}, ...] += {expr1} | |
| 8248 :let [{name1}, {name2}, ...] -= {expr1} | |
| 8249 Like above, but append/add/subtract the value for each | |
| 685 | 8250 |List| item. |
| 68 | 8251 |
| 8252 :let [{name}, ..., ; {lastname}] = {expr1} | |
| 685 | 8253 Like |:let-unpack| above, but the |List| may have more |
| 114 | 8254 items than there are names. A list of the remaining |
| 8255 items is assigned to {lastname}. If there are no | |
| 8256 remaining items {lastname} is set to an empty list. | |
| 68 | 8257 Example: > |
| 8258 :let [a, b; rest] = ["aval", "bval", 3, 4] | |
| 8259 < | |
| 114 | 8260 :let [{name}, ..., ; {lastname}] .= {expr1} |
| 8261 :let [{name}, ..., ; {lastname}] += {expr1} | |
| 8262 :let [{name}, ..., ; {lastname}] -= {expr1} | |
| 8263 Like above, but append/add/subtract the value for each | |
| 685 | 8264 |List| item. |
| 2596 | 8265 |
| 8266 *E121* | |
| 1621 | 8267 :let {var-name} .. List the value of variable {var-name}. Multiple |
| 123 | 8268 variable names may be given. Special names recognized |
| 8269 here: *E738* | |
| 777 | 8270 g: global variables |
| 8271 b: local buffer variables | |
| 8272 w: local window variables | |
| 819 | 8273 t: local tab page variables |
| 777 | 8274 s: script-local variables |
| 8275 l: local function variables | |
| 123 | 8276 v: Vim variables. |
| 7 | 8277 |
| 55 | 8278 :let List the values of all variables. The type of the |
| 8279 variable is indicated before the value: | |
| 8280 <nothing> String | |
| 8281 # Number | |
| 856 | 8282 * Funcref |
| 7 | 8283 |
| 148 | 8284 |
| 1156 | 8285 :unl[et][!] {name} ... *:unlet* *:unl* *E108* *E795* |
| 148 | 8286 Remove the internal variable {name}. Several variable |
| 8287 names can be given, they are all removed. The name | |
| 685 | 8288 may also be a |List| or |Dictionary| item. |
| 7 | 8289 With [!] no error message is given for non-existing |
| 8290 variables. | |
| 685 | 8291 One or more items from a |List| can be removed: > |
| 108 | 8292 :unlet list[3] " remove fourth item |
| 8293 :unlet list[3:] " remove fourth item to last | |
| 685 | 8294 < One item from a |Dictionary| can be removed at a time: > |
| 108 | 8295 :unlet dict['two'] |
| 8296 :unlet dict.two | |
| 1668 | 8297 < This is especially useful to clean up used global |
| 8298 variables and script-local variables (these are not | |
| 8299 deleted when the script ends). Function-local | |
| 8300 variables are automatically deleted when the function | |
| 8301 ends. | |
| 7 | 8302 |
| 148 | 8303 :lockv[ar][!] [depth] {name} ... *:lockvar* *:lockv* |
| 8304 Lock the internal variable {name}. Locking means that | |
| 8305 it can no longer be changed (until it is unlocked). | |
| 8306 A locked variable can be deleted: > | |
| 8307 :lockvar v | |
| 8308 :let v = 'asdf' " fails! | |
| 8309 :unlet v | |
| 8310 < *E741* | |
| 8311 If you try to change a locked variable you get an | |
| 6530 | 8312 error message: "E741: Value is locked: {name}" |
| 148 | 8313 |
| 685 | 8314 [depth] is relevant when locking a |List| or |
| 8315 |Dictionary|. It specifies how deep the locking goes: | |
| 8316 1 Lock the |List| or |Dictionary| itself, | |
| 148 | 8317 cannot add or remove items, but can |
| 8318 still change their values. | |
| 8319 2 Also lock the values, cannot change | |
| 685 | 8320 the items. If an item is a |List| or |
| 8321 |Dictionary|, cannot add or remove | |
| 148 | 8322 items, but can still change the |
| 8323 values. | |
| 685 | 8324 3 Like 2 but for the |List| / |
| 8325 |Dictionary| in the |List| / | |
| 8326 |Dictionary|, one level deeper. | |
| 8327 The default [depth] is 2, thus when {name} is a |List| | |
| 8328 or |Dictionary| the values cannot be changed. | |
| 148 | 8329 *E743* |
| 8330 For unlimited depth use [!] and omit [depth]. | |
| 8331 However, there is a maximum depth of 100 to catch | |
| 8332 loops. | |
| 8333 | |
| 685 | 8334 Note that when two variables refer to the same |List| |
| 8335 and you lock one of them, the |List| will also be | |
| 819 | 8336 locked when used through the other variable. |
| 8337 Example: > | |
| 148 | 8338 :let l = [0, 1, 2, 3] |
| 8339 :let cl = l | |
| 8340 :lockvar l | |
| 8341 :let cl[1] = 99 " won't work! | |
| 8342 < You may want to make a copy of a list to avoid this. | |
| 8343 See |deepcopy()|. | |
| 8344 | |
| 8345 | |
| 8346 :unlo[ckvar][!] [depth] {name} ... *:unlockvar* *:unlo* | |
| 8347 Unlock the internal variable {name}. Does the | |
| 8348 opposite of |:lockvar|. | |
| 8349 | |
| 8350 | |
| 7 | 8351 :if {expr1} *:if* *:endif* *:en* *E171* *E579* *E580* |
| 8352 :en[dif] Execute the commands until the next matching ":else" | |
| 8353 or ":endif" if {expr1} evaluates to non-zero. | |
| 8354 | |
| 8355 From Vim version 4.5 until 5.0, every Ex command in | |
| 8356 between the ":if" and ":endif" is ignored. These two | |
| 8357 commands were just to allow for future expansions in a | |
|
7659
07f11de5efca
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Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7653
diff
changeset
|
8358 backward compatible way. Nesting was allowed. Note |
| 7 | 8359 that any ":else" or ":elseif" was ignored, the "else" |
| 8360 part was not executed either. | |
| 8361 | |
| 8362 You can use this to remain compatible with older | |
| 8363 versions: > | |
| 8364 :if version >= 500 | |
| 8365 : version-5-specific-commands | |
| 8366 :endif | |
| 8367 < The commands still need to be parsed to find the | |
| 8368 "endif". Sometimes an older Vim has a problem with a | |
| 8369 new command. For example, ":silent" is recognized as | |
| 8370 a ":substitute" command. In that case ":execute" can | |
| 8371 avoid problems: > | |
| 8372 :if version >= 600 | |
| 8373 : execute "silent 1,$delete" | |
| 8374 :endif | |
| 8375 < | |
| 8376 NOTE: The ":append" and ":insert" commands don't work | |
| 8377 properly in between ":if" and ":endif". | |
| 8378 | |
| 8379 *:else* *:el* *E581* *E583* | |
| 8380 :el[se] Execute the commands until the next matching ":else" | |
| 8381 or ":endif" if they previously were not being | |
| 8382 executed. | |
| 8383 | |
| 8384 *:elseif* *:elsei* *E582* *E584* | |
| 8385 :elsei[f] {expr1} Short for ":else" ":if", with the addition that there | |
| 8386 is no extra ":endif". | |
| 8387 | |
| 8388 :wh[ile] {expr1} *:while* *:endwhile* *:wh* *:endw* | |
| 114 | 8389 *E170* *E585* *E588* *E733* |
| 7 | 8390 :endw[hile] Repeat the commands between ":while" and ":endwhile", |
| 8391 as long as {expr1} evaluates to non-zero. | |
| 8392 When an error is detected from a command inside the | |
| 8393 loop, execution continues after the "endwhile". | |
| 75 | 8394 Example: > |
| 8395 :let lnum = 1 | |
| 8396 :while lnum <= line("$") | |
| 8397 :call FixLine(lnum) | |
| 8398 :let lnum = lnum + 1 | |
| 8399 :endwhile | |
| 8400 < | |
| 7 | 8401 NOTE: The ":append" and ":insert" commands don't work |
| 99 | 8402 properly inside a ":while" and ":for" loop. |
| 75 | 8403 |
| 114 | 8404 :for {var} in {list} *:for* *E690* *E732* |
| 75 | 8405 :endfo[r] *:endfo* *:endfor* |
| 8406 Repeat the commands between ":for" and ":endfor" for | |
| 158 | 8407 each item in {list}. Variable {var} is set to the |
| 79 | 8408 value of each item. |
| 8409 When an error is detected for a command inside the | |
| 75 | 8410 loop, execution continues after the "endfor". |
| 464 | 8411 Changing {list} inside the loop affects what items are |
| 8412 used. Make a copy if this is unwanted: > | |
| 79 | 8413 :for item in copy(mylist) |
| 8414 < When not making a copy, Vim stores a reference to the | |
| 8415 next item in the list, before executing the commands | |
| 1621 | 8416 with the current item. Thus the current item can be |
| 79 | 8417 removed without effect. Removing any later item means |
| 8418 it will not be found. Thus the following example | |
| 8419 works (an inefficient way to make a list empty): > | |
|
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diff
changeset
|
8420 for item in mylist |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
8421 call remove(mylist, 0) |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
8422 endfor |
| 87 | 8423 < Note that reordering the list (e.g., with sort() or |
| 8424 reverse()) may have unexpected effects. | |
| 8425 Note that the type of each list item should be | |
| 75 | 8426 identical to avoid errors for the type of {var} |
| 8427 changing. Unlet the variable at the end of the loop | |
|
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1998
diff
changeset
|
8428 to allow multiple item types: > |
|
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
8429 for item in ["foo", ["bar"]] |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
8430 echo item |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
8431 unlet item " E706 without this |
|
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
8432 endfor |
| 75 | 8433 |
| 8434 :for [{var1}, {var2}, ...] in {listlist} | |
| 8435 :endfo[r] | |
| 8436 Like ":for" above, but each item in {listlist} must be | |
| 8437 a list, of which each item is assigned to {var1}, | |
| 8438 {var2}, etc. Example: > | |
| 8439 :for [lnum, col] in [[1, 3], [2, 5], [3, 8]] | |
| 8440 :echo getline(lnum)[col] | |
| 8441 :endfor | |
| 8442 < | |
| 7 | 8443 *:continue* *:con* *E586* |
| 75 | 8444 :con[tinue] When used inside a ":while" or ":for" loop, jumps back |
| 8445 to the start of the loop. | |
| 8446 If it is used after a |:try| inside the loop but | |
| 8447 before the matching |:finally| (if present), the | |
| 8448 commands following the ":finally" up to the matching | |
| 8449 |:endtry| are executed first. This process applies to | |
| 8450 all nested ":try"s inside the loop. The outermost | |
| 8451 ":endtry" then jumps back to the start of the loop. | |
| 7 | 8452 |
| 8453 *:break* *:brea* *E587* | |
| 75 | 8454 :brea[k] When used inside a ":while" or ":for" loop, skips to |
| 8455 the command after the matching ":endwhile" or | |
| 8456 ":endfor". | |
| 8457 If it is used after a |:try| inside the loop but | |
| 8458 before the matching |:finally| (if present), the | |
| 8459 commands following the ":finally" up to the matching | |
| 8460 |:endtry| are executed first. This process applies to | |
| 8461 all nested ":try"s inside the loop. The outermost | |
| 8462 ":endtry" then jumps to the command after the loop. | |
| 7 | 8463 |
| 8464 :try *:try* *:endt* *:endtry* *E600* *E601* *E602* | |
| 8465 :endt[ry] Change the error handling for the commands between | |
| 8466 ":try" and ":endtry" including everything being | |
| 8467 executed across ":source" commands, function calls, | |
| 8468 or autocommand invocations. | |
| 8469 | |
| 8470 When an error or interrupt is detected and there is | |
| 8471 a |:finally| command following, execution continues | |
| 8472 after the ":finally". Otherwise, or when the | |
| 8473 ":endtry" is reached thereafter, the next | |
| 8474 (dynamically) surrounding ":try" is checked for | |
| 8475 a corresponding ":finally" etc. Then the script | |
| 8476 processing is terminated. (Whether a function | |
| 8477 definition has an "abort" argument does not matter.) | |
| 8478 Example: > | |
| 8479 :try | edit too much | finally | echo "cleanup" | endtry | |
| 8480 :echo "impossible" " not reached, script terminated above | |
| 8481 < | |
| 8482 Moreover, an error or interrupt (dynamically) inside | |
| 8483 ":try" and ":endtry" is converted to an exception. It | |
| 8484 can be caught as if it were thrown by a |:throw| | |
| 8485 command (see |:catch|). In this case, the script | |
| 8486 processing is not terminated. | |
| 8487 | |
| 8488 The value "Vim:Interrupt" is used for an interrupt | |
| 8489 exception. An error in a Vim command is converted | |
| 8490 to a value of the form "Vim({command}):{errmsg}", | |
| 8491 other errors are converted to a value of the form | |
| 8492 "Vim:{errmsg}". {command} is the full command name, | |
| 8493 and {errmsg} is the message that is displayed if the | |
| 8494 error exception is not caught, always beginning with | |
| 8495 the error number. | |
| 8496 Examples: > | |
| 8497 :try | sleep 100 | catch /^Vim:Interrupt$/ | endtry | |
| 8498 :try | edit | catch /^Vim(edit):E\d\+/ | echo "error" | endtry | |
| 8499 < | |
| 8500 *:cat* *:catch* *E603* *E604* *E605* | |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
8501 :cat[ch] /{pattern}/ The following commands until the next |:catch|, |
| 7 | 8502 |:finally|, or |:endtry| that belongs to the same |
| 8503 |:try| as the ":catch" are executed when an exception | |
| 8504 matching {pattern} is being thrown and has not yet | |
| 8505 been caught by a previous ":catch". Otherwise, these | |
| 8506 commands are skipped. | |
| 8507 When {pattern} is omitted all errors are caught. | |
| 8508 Examples: > | |
| 8509 :catch /^Vim:Interrupt$/ " catch interrupts (CTRL-C) | |
| 8510 :catch /^Vim\%((\a\+)\)\=:E/ " catch all Vim errors | |
| 8511 :catch /^Vim\%((\a\+)\)\=:/ " catch errors and interrupts | |
| 8512 :catch /^Vim(write):/ " catch all errors in :write | |
| 8513 :catch /^Vim\%((\a\+)\)\=:E123/ " catch error E123 | |
| 8514 :catch /my-exception/ " catch user exception | |
| 8515 :catch /.*/ " catch everything | |
| 8516 :catch " same as /.*/ | |
| 8517 < | |
| 8518 Another character can be used instead of / around the | |
| 8519 {pattern}, so long as it does not have a special | |
| 8520 meaning (e.g., '|' or '"') and doesn't occur inside | |
| 8521 {pattern}. | |
| 5814 | 8522 Information about the exception is available in |
| 8523 |v:exception|. Also see |throw-variables|. | |
| 7 | 8524 NOTE: It is not reliable to ":catch" the TEXT of |
| 8525 an error message because it may vary in different | |
| 8526 locales. | |
| 8527 | |
| 8528 *:fina* *:finally* *E606* *E607* | |
| 8529 :fina[lly] The following commands until the matching |:endtry| | |
| 8530 are executed whenever the part between the matching | |
| 8531 |:try| and the ":finally" is left: either by falling | |
| 8532 through to the ":finally" or by a |:continue|, | |
| 8533 |:break|, |:finish|, or |:return|, or by an error or | |
| 8534 interrupt or exception (see |:throw|). | |
| 8535 | |
| 8536 *:th* *:throw* *E608* | |
| 8537 :th[row] {expr1} The {expr1} is evaluated and thrown as an exception. | |
| 8538 If the ":throw" is used after a |:try| but before the | |
| 8539 first corresponding |:catch|, commands are skipped | |
| 8540 until the first ":catch" matching {expr1} is reached. | |
| 8541 If there is no such ":catch" or if the ":throw" is | |
| 8542 used after a ":catch" but before the |:finally|, the | |
| 8543 commands following the ":finally" (if present) up to | |
| 8544 the matching |:endtry| are executed. If the ":throw" | |
| 8545 is after the ":finally", commands up to the ":endtry" | |
| 8546 are skipped. At the ":endtry", this process applies | |
| 8547 again for the next dynamically surrounding ":try" | |
| 8548 (which may be found in a calling function or sourcing | |
| 8549 script), until a matching ":catch" has been found. | |
| 8550 If the exception is not caught, the command processing | |
| 8551 is terminated. | |
| 8552 Example: > | |
| 8553 :try | throw "oops" | catch /^oo/ | echo "caught" | endtry | |
| 2725 | 8554 < Note that "catch" may need to be on a separate line |
| 8555 for when an error causes the parsing to skip the whole | |
| 8556 line and not see the "|" that separates the commands. | |
| 7 | 8557 |
| 8558 *:ec* *:echo* | |
| 8559 :ec[ho] {expr1} .. Echoes each {expr1}, with a space in between. The | |
| 8560 first {expr1} starts on a new line. | |
| 8561 Also see |:comment|. | |
| 8562 Use "\n" to start a new line. Use "\r" to move the | |
| 8563 cursor to the first column. | |
| 8564 Uses the highlighting set by the |:echohl| command. | |
| 8565 Cannot be followed by a comment. | |
| 8566 Example: > | |
| 8567 :echo "the value of 'shell' is" &shell | |
| 1156 | 8568 < *:echo-redraw* |
| 8569 A later redraw may make the message disappear again. | |
| 8570 And since Vim mostly postpones redrawing until it's | |
| 8571 finished with a sequence of commands this happens | |
| 8572 quite often. To avoid that a command from before the | |
| 8573 ":echo" causes a redraw afterwards (redraws are often | |
| 8574 postponed until you type something), force a redraw | |
| 8575 with the |:redraw| command. Example: > | |
| 7 | 8576 :new | redraw | echo "there is a new window" |
| 8577 < | |
| 8578 *:echon* | |
| 8579 :echon {expr1} .. Echoes each {expr1}, without anything added. Also see | |
| 8580 |:comment|. | |
| 8581 Uses the highlighting set by the |:echohl| command. | |
| 8582 Cannot be followed by a comment. | |
| 8583 Example: > | |
| 8584 :echon "the value of 'shell' is " &shell | |
| 8585 < | |
| 8586 Note the difference between using ":echo", which is a | |
| 8587 Vim command, and ":!echo", which is an external shell | |
| 8588 command: > | |
| 8589 :!echo % --> filename | |
| 8590 < The arguments of ":!" are expanded, see |:_%|. > | |
| 8591 :!echo "%" --> filename or "filename" | |
| 8592 < Like the previous example. Whether you see the double | |
| 8593 quotes or not depends on your 'shell'. > | |
| 8594 :echo % --> nothing | |
| 8595 < The '%' is an illegal character in an expression. > | |
| 8596 :echo "%" --> % | |
| 8597 < This just echoes the '%' character. > | |
| 8598 :echo expand("%") --> filename | |
| 8599 < This calls the expand() function to expand the '%'. | |
| 8600 | |
| 8601 *:echoh* *:echohl* | |
| 8602 :echoh[l] {name} Use the highlight group {name} for the following | |
| 8603 |:echo|, |:echon| and |:echomsg| commands. Also used | |
| 8604 for the |input()| prompt. Example: > | |
| 8605 :echohl WarningMsg | echo "Don't panic!" | echohl None | |
| 8606 < Don't forget to set the group back to "None", | |
| 8607 otherwise all following echo's will be highlighted. | |
| 8608 | |
| 8609 *:echom* *:echomsg* | |
| 8610 :echom[sg] {expr1} .. Echo the expression(s) as a true message, saving the | |
| 8611 message in the |message-history|. | |
| 8612 Spaces are placed between the arguments as with the | |
| 8613 |:echo| command. But unprintable characters are | |
| 8614 displayed, not interpreted. | |
| 1156 | 8615 The parsing works slightly different from |:echo|, |
| 8616 more like |:execute|. All the expressions are first | |
| 8617 evaluated and concatenated before echoing anything. | |
| 8618 The expressions must evaluate to a Number or String, a | |
| 8619 Dictionary or List causes an error. | |
| 7 | 8620 Uses the highlighting set by the |:echohl| command. |
| 8621 Example: > | |
| 8622 :echomsg "It's a Zizzer Zazzer Zuzz, as you can plainly see." | |
| 1156 | 8623 < See |:echo-redraw| to avoid the message disappearing |
| 8624 when the screen is redrawn. | |
| 7 | 8625 *:echoe* *:echoerr* |
| 8626 :echoe[rr] {expr1} .. Echo the expression(s) as an error message, saving the | |
| 8627 message in the |message-history|. When used in a | |
| 8628 script or function the line number will be added. | |
| 8629 Spaces are placed between the arguments as with the | |
| 1621 | 8630 :echo command. When used inside a try conditional, |
| 7 | 8631 the message is raised as an error exception instead |
| 8632 (see |try-echoerr|). | |
| 8633 Example: > | |
| 8634 :echoerr "This script just failed!" | |
| 8635 < If you just want a highlighted message use |:echohl|. | |
| 8636 And to get a beep: > | |
| 8637 :exe "normal \<Esc>" | |
| 8638 < | |
| 8639 *:exe* *:execute* | |
| 8640 :exe[cute] {expr1} .. Executes the string that results from the evaluation | |
| 2152 | 8641 of {expr1} as an Ex command. |
| 8642 Multiple arguments are concatenated, with a space in | |
| 8643 between. To avoid the extra space use the "." | |
| 8644 operator to concatenate strings into one argument. | |
| 8645 {expr1} is used as the processed command, command line | |
| 8646 editing keys are not recognized. | |
| 7 | 8647 Cannot be followed by a comment. |
| 8648 Examples: > | |
| 2152 | 8649 :execute "buffer" nextbuf |
| 8650 :execute "normal" count . "w" | |
| 7 | 8651 < |
| 8652 ":execute" can be used to append a command to commands | |
| 8653 that don't accept a '|'. Example: > | |
| 8654 :execute '!ls' | echo "theend" | |
| 8655 | |
| 8656 < ":execute" is also a nice way to avoid having to type | |
| 8657 control characters in a Vim script for a ":normal" | |
| 8658 command: > | |
| 8659 :execute "normal ixxx\<Esc>" | |
| 8660 < This has an <Esc> character, see |expr-string|. | |
| 8661 | |
| 1621 | 8662 Be careful to correctly escape special characters in |
| 8663 file names. The |fnameescape()| function can be used | |
| 1661 | 8664 for Vim commands, |shellescape()| for |:!| commands. |
| 8665 Examples: > | |
| 1621 | 8666 :execute "e " . fnameescape(filename) |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
5690
diff
changeset
|
8667 :execute "!ls " . shellescape(filename, 1) |
| 1621 | 8668 < |
| 7 | 8669 Note: The executed string may be any command-line, but |
| 5763 | 8670 starting or ending "if", "while" and "for" does not |
| 8671 always work, because when commands are skipped the | |
| 8672 ":execute" is not evaluated and Vim loses track of | |
| 8673 where blocks start and end. Also "break" and | |
| 8674 "continue" should not be inside ":execute". | |
| 8675 This example does not work, because the ":execute" is | |
| 8676 not evaluated and Vim does not see the "while", and | |
| 8677 gives an error for finding an ":endwhile": > | |
| 8678 :if 0 | |
| 8679 : execute 'while i > 5' | |
| 8680 : echo "test" | |
| 8681 : endwhile | |
| 8682 :endif | |
| 7 | 8683 < |
| 8684 It is allowed to have a "while" or "if" command | |
| 8685 completely in the executed string: > | |
| 8686 :execute 'while i < 5 | echo i | let i = i + 1 | endwhile' | |
| 8687 < | |
| 8688 | |
|
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
8689 *:exe-comment* |
| 7 | 8690 ":execute", ":echo" and ":echon" cannot be followed by |
| 8691 a comment directly, because they see the '"' as the | |
| 8692 start of a string. But, you can use '|' followed by a | |
| 8693 comment. Example: > | |
| 8694 :echo "foo" | "this is a comment | |
| 8695 | |
| 8696 ============================================================================== | |
| 8697 8. Exception handling *exception-handling* | |
| 8698 | |
| 8699 The Vim script language comprises an exception handling feature. This section | |
| 8700 explains how it can be used in a Vim script. | |
| 8701 | |
| 8702 Exceptions may be raised by Vim on an error or on interrupt, see | |
| 8703 |catch-errors| and |catch-interrupt|. You can also explicitly throw an | |
| 8704 exception by using the ":throw" command, see |throw-catch|. | |
| 8705 | |
| 8706 | |
| 8707 TRY CONDITIONALS *try-conditionals* | |
| 8708 | |
| 8709 Exceptions can be caught or can cause cleanup code to be executed. You can | |
| 8710 use a try conditional to specify catch clauses (that catch exceptions) and/or | |
| 8711 a finally clause (to be executed for cleanup). | |
| 8712 A try conditional begins with a |:try| command and ends at the matching | |
| 8713 |:endtry| command. In between, you can use a |:catch| command to start | |
| 8714 a catch clause, or a |:finally| command to start a finally clause. There may | |
| 8715 be none or multiple catch clauses, but there is at most one finally clause, | |
| 8716 which must not be followed by any catch clauses. The lines before the catch | |
| 8717 clauses and the finally clause is called a try block. > | |
| 8718 | |
| 8719 :try | |
| 1621 | 8720 : ... |
| 8721 : ... TRY BLOCK | |
| 8722 : ... | |
| 7 | 8723 :catch /{pattern}/ |
| 1621 | 8724 : ... |
| 8725 : ... CATCH CLAUSE | |
| 8726 : ... | |
| 7 | 8727 :catch /{pattern}/ |
| 1621 | 8728 : ... |
| 8729 : ... CATCH CLAUSE | |
| 8730 : ... | |
| 7 | 8731 :finally |
| 1621 | 8732 : ... |
| 8733 : ... FINALLY CLAUSE | |
| 8734 : ... | |
| 7 | 8735 :endtry |
| 8736 | |
| 8737 The try conditional allows to watch code for exceptions and to take the | |
| 8738 appropriate actions. Exceptions from the try block may be caught. Exceptions | |
| 8739 from the try block and also the catch clauses may cause cleanup actions. | |
| 8740 When no exception is thrown during execution of the try block, the control | |
| 8741 is transferred to the finally clause, if present. After its execution, the | |
| 8742 script continues with the line following the ":endtry". | |
| 8743 When an exception occurs during execution of the try block, the remaining | |
| 8744 lines in the try block are skipped. The exception is matched against the | |
| 8745 patterns specified as arguments to the ":catch" commands. The catch clause | |
| 8746 after the first matching ":catch" is taken, other catch clauses are not | |
| 8747 executed. The catch clause ends when the next ":catch", ":finally", or | |
| 8748 ":endtry" command is reached - whatever is first. Then, the finally clause | |
| 8749 (if present) is executed. When the ":endtry" is reached, the script execution | |
| 8750 continues in the following line as usual. | |
| 8751 When an exception that does not match any of the patterns specified by the | |
| 8752 ":catch" commands is thrown in the try block, the exception is not caught by | |
| 8753 that try conditional and none of the catch clauses is executed. Only the | |
| 8754 finally clause, if present, is taken. The exception pends during execution of | |
| 8755 the finally clause. It is resumed at the ":endtry", so that commands after | |
| 8756 the ":endtry" are not executed and the exception might be caught elsewhere, | |
| 8757 see |try-nesting|. | |
| 8758 When during execution of a catch clause another exception is thrown, the | |
| 1621 | 8759 remaining lines in that catch clause are not executed. The new exception is |
| 7 | 8760 not matched against the patterns in any of the ":catch" commands of the same |
| 8761 try conditional and none of its catch clauses is taken. If there is, however, | |
| 8762 a finally clause, it is executed, and the exception pends during its | |
| 8763 execution. The commands following the ":endtry" are not executed. The new | |
| 8764 exception might, however, be caught elsewhere, see |try-nesting|. | |
| 8765 When during execution of the finally clause (if present) an exception is | |
| 1621 | 8766 thrown, the remaining lines in the finally clause are skipped. If the finally |
| 7 | 8767 clause has been taken because of an exception from the try block or one of the |
| 8768 catch clauses, the original (pending) exception is discarded. The commands | |
| 8769 following the ":endtry" are not executed, and the exception from the finally | |
| 8770 clause is propagated and can be caught elsewhere, see |try-nesting|. | |
| 8771 | |
| 8772 The finally clause is also executed, when a ":break" or ":continue" for | |
| 8773 a ":while" loop enclosing the complete try conditional is executed from the | |
| 8774 try block or a catch clause. Or when a ":return" or ":finish" is executed | |
| 8775 from the try block or a catch clause of a try conditional in a function or | |
| 8776 sourced script, respectively. The ":break", ":continue", ":return", or | |
| 8777 ":finish" pends during execution of the finally clause and is resumed when the | |
| 8778 ":endtry" is reached. It is, however, discarded when an exception is thrown | |
| 8779 from the finally clause. | |
| 8780 When a ":break" or ":continue" for a ":while" loop enclosing the complete | |
| 8781 try conditional or when a ":return" or ":finish" is encountered in the finally | |
| 8782 clause, the rest of the finally clause is skipped, and the ":break", | |
| 8783 ":continue", ":return" or ":finish" is executed as usual. If the finally | |
| 8784 clause has been taken because of an exception or an earlier ":break", | |
| 8785 ":continue", ":return", or ":finish" from the try block or a catch clause, | |
| 8786 this pending exception or command is discarded. | |
| 8787 | |
| 8788 For examples see |throw-catch| and |try-finally|. | |
| 8789 | |
| 8790 | |
| 8791 NESTING OF TRY CONDITIONALS *try-nesting* | |
| 8792 | |
| 8793 Try conditionals can be nested arbitrarily. That is, a complete try | |
| 8794 conditional can be put into the try block, a catch clause, or the finally | |
| 8795 clause of another try conditional. If the inner try conditional does not | |
| 8796 catch an exception thrown in its try block or throws a new exception from one | |
| 8797 of its catch clauses or its finally clause, the outer try conditional is | |
| 8798 checked according to the rules above. If the inner try conditional is in the | |
| 8799 try block of the outer try conditional, its catch clauses are checked, but | |
| 1621 | 8800 otherwise only the finally clause is executed. It does not matter for |
| 7 | 8801 nesting, whether the inner try conditional is directly contained in the outer |
| 8802 one, or whether the outer one sources a script or calls a function containing | |
| 8803 the inner try conditional. | |
| 8804 | |
| 8805 When none of the active try conditionals catches an exception, just their | |
| 8806 finally clauses are executed. Thereafter, the script processing terminates. | |
| 8807 An error message is displayed in case of an uncaught exception explicitly | |
| 8808 thrown by a ":throw" command. For uncaught error and interrupt exceptions | |
| 8809 implicitly raised by Vim, the error message(s) or interrupt message are shown | |
| 8810 as usual. | |
| 8811 | |
| 8812 For examples see |throw-catch|. | |
| 8813 | |
| 8814 | |
| 8815 EXAMINING EXCEPTION HANDLING CODE *except-examine* | |
| 8816 | |
| 8817 Exception handling code can get tricky. If you are in doubt what happens, set | |
| 8818 'verbose' to 13 or use the ":13verbose" command modifier when sourcing your | |
| 8819 script file. Then you see when an exception is thrown, discarded, caught, or | |
| 8820 finished. When using a verbosity level of at least 14, things pending in | |
| 8821 a finally clause are also shown. This information is also given in debug mode | |
| 8822 (see |debug-scripts|). | |
| 8823 | |
| 8824 | |
| 8825 THROWING AND CATCHING EXCEPTIONS *throw-catch* | |
| 8826 | |
| 8827 You can throw any number or string as an exception. Use the |:throw| command | |
| 8828 and pass the value to be thrown as argument: > | |
| 8829 :throw 4711 | |
| 8830 :throw "string" | |
| 8831 < *throw-expression* | |
| 8832 You can also specify an expression argument. The expression is then evaluated | |
| 8833 first, and the result is thrown: > | |
| 8834 :throw 4705 + strlen("string") | |
| 8835 :throw strpart("strings", 0, 6) | |
| 8836 | |
| 8837 An exception might be thrown during evaluation of the argument of the ":throw" | |
| 8838 command. Unless it is caught there, the expression evaluation is abandoned. | |
| 8839 The ":throw" command then does not throw a new exception. | |
| 8840 Example: > | |
| 8841 | |
| 8842 :function! Foo(arg) | |
| 8843 : try | |
| 8844 : throw a:arg | |
| 8845 : catch /foo/ | |
| 8846 : endtry | |
| 8847 : return 1 | |
| 8848 :endfunction | |
| 8849 : | |
| 8850 :function! Bar() | |
| 8851 : echo "in Bar" | |
| 8852 : return 4710 | |
| 8853 :endfunction | |
| 8854 : | |
| 8855 :throw Foo("arrgh") + Bar() | |
| 8856 | |
| 8857 This throws "arrgh", and "in Bar" is not displayed since Bar() is not | |
| 8858 executed. > | |
| 8859 :throw Foo("foo") + Bar() | |
| 8860 however displays "in Bar" and throws 4711. | |
| 8861 | |
| 8862 Any other command that takes an expression as argument might also be | |
| 1621 | 8863 abandoned by an (uncaught) exception during the expression evaluation. The |
| 7 | 8864 exception is then propagated to the caller of the command. |
| 8865 Example: > | |
| 8866 | |
| 8867 :if Foo("arrgh") | |
| 8868 : echo "then" | |
| 8869 :else | |
| 8870 : echo "else" | |
| 8871 :endif | |
| 8872 | |
| 8873 Here neither of "then" or "else" is displayed. | |
| 8874 | |
| 8875 *catch-order* | |
| 8876 Exceptions can be caught by a try conditional with one or more |:catch| | |
| 8877 commands, see |try-conditionals|. The values to be caught by each ":catch" | |
| 8878 command can be specified as a pattern argument. The subsequent catch clause | |
| 8879 gets executed when a matching exception is caught. | |
| 8880 Example: > | |
| 8881 | |
| 8882 :function! Foo(value) | |
| 8883 : try | |
| 8884 : throw a:value | |
| 8885 : catch /^\d\+$/ | |
| 8886 : echo "Number thrown" | |
| 8887 : catch /.*/ | |
| 8888 : echo "String thrown" | |
| 8889 : endtry | |
| 8890 :endfunction | |
| 8891 : | |
| 8892 :call Foo(0x1267) | |
| 8893 :call Foo('string') | |
| 8894 | |
| 8895 The first call to Foo() displays "Number thrown", the second "String thrown". | |
| 8896 An exception is matched against the ":catch" commands in the order they are | |
| 8897 specified. Only the first match counts. So you should place the more | |
| 8898 specific ":catch" first. The following order does not make sense: > | |
| 8899 | |
| 8900 : catch /.*/ | |
| 8901 : echo "String thrown" | |
| 8902 : catch /^\d\+$/ | |
| 8903 : echo "Number thrown" | |
| 8904 | |
| 8905 The first ":catch" here matches always, so that the second catch clause is | |
| 8906 never taken. | |
| 8907 | |
| 8908 *throw-variables* | |
| 8909 If you catch an exception by a general pattern, you may access the exact value | |
| 8910 in the variable |v:exception|: > | |
| 8911 | |
| 8912 : catch /^\d\+$/ | |
| 8913 : echo "Number thrown. Value is" v:exception | |
| 8914 | |
| 8915 You may also be interested where an exception was thrown. This is stored in | |
| 8916 |v:throwpoint|. Note that "v:exception" and "v:throwpoint" are valid for the | |
| 8917 exception most recently caught as long it is not finished. | |
| 8918 Example: > | |
| 8919 | |
| 8920 :function! Caught() | |
| 8921 : if v:exception != "" | |
| 8922 : echo 'Caught "' . v:exception . '" in ' . v:throwpoint | |
| 8923 : else | |
| 8924 : echo 'Nothing caught' | |
| 8925 : endif | |
| 8926 :endfunction | |
| 8927 : | |
| 8928 :function! Foo() | |
| 8929 : try | |
| 8930 : try | |
| 8931 : try | |
| 8932 : throw 4711 | |
| 8933 : finally | |
| 8934 : call Caught() | |
| 8935 : endtry | |
| 8936 : catch /.*/ | |
| 8937 : call Caught() | |
| 8938 : throw "oops" | |
| 8939 : endtry | |
| 8940 : catch /.*/ | |
| 8941 : call Caught() | |
| 8942 : finally | |
| 8943 : call Caught() | |
| 8944 : endtry | |
| 8945 :endfunction | |
| 8946 : | |
| 8947 :call Foo() | |
| 8948 | |
| 8949 This displays > | |
| 8950 | |
| 8951 Nothing caught | |
| 8952 Caught "4711" in function Foo, line 4 | |
| 8953 Caught "oops" in function Foo, line 10 | |
| 8954 Nothing caught | |
| 8955 | |
| 8956 A practical example: The following command ":LineNumber" displays the line | |
| 8957 number in the script or function where it has been used: > | |
| 8958 | |
| 8959 :function! LineNumber() | |
| 8960 : return substitute(v:throwpoint, '.*\D\(\d\+\).*', '\1', "") | |
| 8961 :endfunction | |
| 8962 :command! LineNumber try | throw "" | catch | echo LineNumber() | endtry | |
| 8963 < | |
| 8964 *try-nested* | |
| 8965 An exception that is not caught by a try conditional can be caught by | |
| 8966 a surrounding try conditional: > | |
| 8967 | |
| 8968 :try | |
| 8969 : try | |
| 8970 : throw "foo" | |
| 8971 : catch /foobar/ | |
| 8972 : echo "foobar" | |
| 8973 : finally | |
| 8974 : echo "inner finally" | |
| 8975 : endtry | |
| 8976 :catch /foo/ | |
| 8977 : echo "foo" | |
| 8978 :endtry | |
| 8979 | |
| 8980 The inner try conditional does not catch the exception, just its finally | |
| 8981 clause is executed. The exception is then caught by the outer try | |
| 8982 conditional. The example displays "inner finally" and then "foo". | |
| 8983 | |
| 8984 *throw-from-catch* | |
| 8985 You can catch an exception and throw a new one to be caught elsewhere from the | |
| 8986 catch clause: > | |
| 8987 | |
| 8988 :function! Foo() | |
| 8989 : throw "foo" | |
| 8990 :endfunction | |
| 8991 : | |
| 8992 :function! Bar() | |
| 8993 : try | |
| 8994 : call Foo() | |
| 8995 : catch /foo/ | |
| 8996 : echo "Caught foo, throw bar" | |
| 8997 : throw "bar" | |
| 8998 : endtry | |
| 8999 :endfunction | |
| 9000 : | |
| 9001 :try | |
| 9002 : call Bar() | |
| 9003 :catch /.*/ | |
| 9004 : echo "Caught" v:exception | |
| 9005 :endtry | |
| 9006 | |
| 9007 This displays "Caught foo, throw bar" and then "Caught bar". | |
| 9008 | |
| 9009 *rethrow* | |
| 9010 There is no real rethrow in the Vim script language, but you may throw | |
| 9011 "v:exception" instead: > | |
| 9012 | |
| 9013 :function! Bar() | |
| 9014 : try | |
| 9015 : call Foo() | |
| 9016 : catch /.*/ | |
| 9017 : echo "Rethrow" v:exception | |
| 9018 : throw v:exception | |
| 9019 : endtry | |
| 9020 :endfunction | |
| 9021 < *try-echoerr* | |
| 9022 Note that this method cannot be used to "rethrow" Vim error or interrupt | |
| 9023 exceptions, because it is not possible to fake Vim internal exceptions. | |
| 9024 Trying so causes an error exception. You should throw your own exception | |
| 9025 denoting the situation. If you want to cause a Vim error exception containing | |
| 9026 the original error exception value, you can use the |:echoerr| command: > | |
| 9027 | |
| 9028 :try | |
| 9029 : try | |
| 9030 : asdf | |
| 9031 : catch /.*/ | |
| 9032 : echoerr v:exception | |
| 9033 : endtry | |
| 9034 :catch /.*/ | |
| 9035 : echo v:exception | |
| 9036 :endtry | |
| 9037 | |
| 9038 This code displays | |
| 9039 | |
| 1621 | 9040 Vim(echoerr):Vim:E492: Not an editor command: asdf ~ |
| 7 | 9041 |
| 9042 | |
| 9043 CLEANUP CODE *try-finally* | |
| 9044 | |
| 9045 Scripts often change global settings and restore them at their end. If the | |
| 9046 user however interrupts the script by pressing CTRL-C, the settings remain in | |
| 1621 | 9047 an inconsistent state. The same may happen to you in the development phase of |
| 7 | 9048 a script when an error occurs or you explicitly throw an exception without |
| 9049 catching it. You can solve these problems by using a try conditional with | |
| 9050 a finally clause for restoring the settings. Its execution is guaranteed on | |
| 9051 normal control flow, on error, on an explicit ":throw", and on interrupt. | |
| 9052 (Note that errors and interrupts from inside the try conditional are converted | |
| 1621 | 9053 to exceptions. When not caught, they terminate the script after the finally |
| 7 | 9054 clause has been executed.) |
| 9055 Example: > | |
| 9056 | |
| 9057 :try | |
| 9058 : let s:saved_ts = &ts | |
| 9059 : set ts=17 | |
| 9060 : | |
| 9061 : " Do the hard work here. | |
| 9062 : | |
| 9063 :finally | |
| 9064 : let &ts = s:saved_ts | |
| 9065 : unlet s:saved_ts | |
| 9066 :endtry | |
| 9067 | |
| 9068 This method should be used locally whenever a function or part of a script | |
| 9069 changes global settings which need to be restored on failure or normal exit of | |
| 9070 that function or script part. | |
| 9071 | |
| 9072 *break-finally* | |
| 9073 Cleanup code works also when the try block or a catch clause is left by | |
| 9074 a ":continue", ":break", ":return", or ":finish". | |
| 9075 Example: > | |
| 9076 | |
| 9077 :let first = 1 | |
| 9078 :while 1 | |
| 9079 : try | |
| 9080 : if first | |
| 9081 : echo "first" | |
| 9082 : let first = 0 | |
| 9083 : continue | |
| 9084 : else | |
| 9085 : throw "second" | |
| 9086 : endif | |
| 9087 : catch /.*/ | |
| 9088 : echo v:exception | |
| 9089 : break | |
| 9090 : finally | |
| 9091 : echo "cleanup" | |
| 9092 : endtry | |
| 9093 : echo "still in while" | |
| 9094 :endwhile | |
| 9095 :echo "end" | |
| 9096 | |
| 9097 This displays "first", "cleanup", "second", "cleanup", and "end". > | |
| 9098 | |
| 9099 :function! Foo() | |
| 9100 : try | |
| 9101 : return 4711 | |
| 9102 : finally | |
| 9103 : echo "cleanup\n" | |
| 9104 : endtry | |
| 9105 : echo "Foo still active" | |
| 9106 :endfunction | |
| 9107 : | |
| 9108 :echo Foo() "returned by Foo" | |
| 9109 | |
| 9110 This displays "cleanup" and "4711 returned by Foo". You don't need to add an | |
| 1621 | 9111 extra ":return" in the finally clause. (Above all, this would override the |
| 7 | 9112 return value.) |
| 9113 | |
| 9114 *except-from-finally* | |
| 9115 Using either of ":continue", ":break", ":return", ":finish", or ":throw" in | |
| 9116 a finally clause is possible, but not recommended since it abandons the | |
| 9117 cleanup actions for the try conditional. But, of course, interrupt and error | |
| 9118 exceptions might get raised from a finally clause. | |
| 9119 Example where an error in the finally clause stops an interrupt from | |
| 9120 working correctly: > | |
| 9121 | |
| 9122 :try | |
| 9123 : try | |
| 9124 : echo "Press CTRL-C for interrupt" | |
| 9125 : while 1 | |
| 9126 : endwhile | |
| 9127 : finally | |
| 9128 : unlet novar | |
| 9129 : endtry | |
| 9130 :catch /novar/ | |
| 9131 :endtry | |
| 9132 :echo "Script still running" | |
| 9133 :sleep 1 | |
| 9134 | |
| 9135 If you need to put commands that could fail into a finally clause, you should | |
| 9136 think about catching or ignoring the errors in these commands, see | |
| 9137 |catch-errors| and |ignore-errors|. | |
| 9138 | |
| 9139 | |
| 9140 CATCHING ERRORS *catch-errors* | |
| 9141 | |
| 9142 If you want to catch specific errors, you just have to put the code to be | |
| 9143 watched in a try block and add a catch clause for the error message. The | |
| 9144 presence of the try conditional causes all errors to be converted to an | |
| 9145 exception. No message is displayed and |v:errmsg| is not set then. To find | |
| 9146 the right pattern for the ":catch" command, you have to know how the format of | |
| 9147 the error exception is. | |
| 9148 Error exceptions have the following format: > | |
| 9149 | |
| 9150 Vim({cmdname}):{errmsg} | |
| 9151 or > | |
| 9152 Vim:{errmsg} | |
| 9153 | |
| 9154 {cmdname} is the name of the command that failed; the second form is used when | |
| 1621 | 9155 the command name is not known. {errmsg} is the error message usually produced |
| 7 | 9156 when the error occurs outside try conditionals. It always begins with |
| 9157 a capital "E", followed by a two or three-digit error number, a colon, and | |
| 9158 a space. | |
| 9159 | |
| 9160 Examples: | |
| 9161 | |
| 9162 The command > | |
| 9163 :unlet novar | |
| 9164 normally produces the error message > | |
| 9165 E108: No such variable: "novar" | |
| 9166 which is converted inside try conditionals to an exception > | |
| 9167 Vim(unlet):E108: No such variable: "novar" | |
| 9168 | |
| 9169 The command > | |
| 9170 :dwim | |
| 9171 normally produces the error message > | |
| 9172 E492: Not an editor command: dwim | |
| 9173 which is converted inside try conditionals to an exception > | |
| 9174 Vim:E492: Not an editor command: dwim | |
| 9175 | |
| 9176 You can catch all ":unlet" errors by a > | |
| 9177 :catch /^Vim(unlet):/ | |
| 9178 or all errors for misspelled command names by a > | |
| 9179 :catch /^Vim:E492:/ | |
| 9180 | |
| 9181 Some error messages may be produced by different commands: > | |
| 9182 :function nofunc | |
| 9183 and > | |
| 9184 :delfunction nofunc | |
| 9185 both produce the error message > | |
| 9186 E128: Function name must start with a capital: nofunc | |
| 9187 which is converted inside try conditionals to an exception > | |
| 9188 Vim(function):E128: Function name must start with a capital: nofunc | |
| 9189 or > | |
| 9190 Vim(delfunction):E128: Function name must start with a capital: nofunc | |
| 9191 respectively. You can catch the error by its number independently on the | |
| 9192 command that caused it if you use the following pattern: > | |
| 9193 :catch /^Vim(\a\+):E128:/ | |
| 9194 | |
| 9195 Some commands like > | |
| 9196 :let x = novar | |
| 9197 produce multiple error messages, here: > | |
| 9198 E121: Undefined variable: novar | |
| 9199 E15: Invalid expression: novar | |
| 9200 Only the first is used for the exception value, since it is the most specific | |
| 9201 one (see |except-several-errors|). So you can catch it by > | |
| 9202 :catch /^Vim(\a\+):E121:/ | |
| 9203 | |
| 9204 You can catch all errors related to the name "nofunc" by > | |
| 9205 :catch /\<nofunc\>/ | |
| 9206 | |
| 9207 You can catch all Vim errors in the ":write" and ":read" commands by > | |
| 9208 :catch /^Vim(\(write\|read\)):E\d\+:/ | |
| 9209 | |
| 9210 You can catch all Vim errors by the pattern > | |
| 9211 :catch /^Vim\((\a\+)\)\=:E\d\+:/ | |
| 9212 < | |
| 9213 *catch-text* | |
| 9214 NOTE: You should never catch the error message text itself: > | |
| 9215 :catch /No such variable/ | |
| 6647 | 9216 only works in the English locale, but not when the user has selected |
| 7 | 9217 a different language by the |:language| command. It is however helpful to |
| 9218 cite the message text in a comment: > | |
| 9219 :catch /^Vim(\a\+):E108:/ " No such variable | |
| 9220 | |
| 9221 | |
| 9222 IGNORING ERRORS *ignore-errors* | |
| 9223 | |
| 9224 You can ignore errors in a specific Vim command by catching them locally: > | |
| 9225 | |
| 9226 :try | |
| 9227 : write | |
| 9228 :catch | |
| 9229 :endtry | |
| 9230 | |
| 9231 But you are strongly recommended NOT to use this simple form, since it could | |
| 9232 catch more than you want. With the ":write" command, some autocommands could | |
| 9233 be executed and cause errors not related to writing, for instance: > | |
| 9234 | |
| 9235 :au BufWritePre * unlet novar | |
| 9236 | |
| 9237 There could even be such errors you are not responsible for as a script | |
| 9238 writer: a user of your script might have defined such autocommands. You would | |
| 9239 then hide the error from the user. | |
| 9240 It is much better to use > | |
| 9241 | |
| 9242 :try | |
| 9243 : write | |
| 9244 :catch /^Vim(write):/ | |
| 9245 :endtry | |
| 9246 | |
| 9247 which only catches real write errors. So catch only what you'd like to ignore | |
| 9248 intentionally. | |
| 9249 | |
| 9250 For a single command that does not cause execution of autocommands, you could | |
| 9251 even suppress the conversion of errors to exceptions by the ":silent!" | |
| 9252 command: > | |
| 9253 :silent! nunmap k | |
| 9254 This works also when a try conditional is active. | |
| 9255 | |
| 9256 | |
| 9257 CATCHING INTERRUPTS *catch-interrupt* | |
| 9258 | |
| 9259 When there are active try conditionals, an interrupt (CTRL-C) is converted to | |
| 1621 | 9260 the exception "Vim:Interrupt". You can catch it like every exception. The |
| 7 | 9261 script is not terminated, then. |
| 9262 Example: > | |
| 9263 | |
| 9264 :function! TASK1() | |
| 9265 : sleep 10 | |
| 9266 :endfunction | |
| 9267 | |
| 9268 :function! TASK2() | |
| 9269 : sleep 20 | |
| 9270 :endfunction | |
| 9271 | |
| 9272 :while 1 | |
| 9273 : let command = input("Type a command: ") | |
| 9274 : try | |
| 9275 : if command == "" | |
| 9276 : continue | |
| 9277 : elseif command == "END" | |
| 9278 : break | |
| 9279 : elseif command == "TASK1" | |
| 9280 : call TASK1() | |
| 9281 : elseif command == "TASK2" | |
| 9282 : call TASK2() | |
| 9283 : else | |
| 9284 : echo "\nIllegal command:" command | |
| 9285 : continue | |
| 9286 : endif | |
| 9287 : catch /^Vim:Interrupt$/ | |
| 9288 : echo "\nCommand interrupted" | |
| 9289 : " Caught the interrupt. Continue with next prompt. | |
| 9290 : endtry | |
| 9291 :endwhile | |
| 9292 | |
| 9293 You can interrupt a task here by pressing CTRL-C; the script then asks for | |
| 1621 | 9294 a new command. If you press CTRL-C at the prompt, the script is terminated. |
| 7 | 9295 |
| 9296 For testing what happens when CTRL-C would be pressed on a specific line in | |
| 9297 your script, use the debug mode and execute the |>quit| or |>interrupt| | |
| 9298 command on that line. See |debug-scripts|. | |
| 9299 | |
| 9300 | |
| 9301 CATCHING ALL *catch-all* | |
| 9302 | |
| 9303 The commands > | |
| 9304 | |
| 9305 :catch /.*/ | |
| 9306 :catch // | |
| 9307 :catch | |
| 9308 | |
| 9309 catch everything, error exceptions, interrupt exceptions and exceptions | |
| 9310 explicitly thrown by the |:throw| command. This is useful at the top level of | |
| 9311 a script in order to catch unexpected things. | |
| 9312 Example: > | |
| 9313 | |
| 9314 :try | |
| 9315 : | |
| 9316 : " do the hard work here | |
| 9317 : | |
| 9318 :catch /MyException/ | |
| 9319 : | |
| 9320 : " handle known problem | |
| 9321 : | |
| 9322 :catch /^Vim:Interrupt$/ | |
| 9323 : echo "Script interrupted" | |
| 9324 :catch /.*/ | |
| 9325 : echo "Internal error (" . v:exception . ")" | |
| 9326 : echo " - occurred at " . v:throwpoint | |
| 9327 :endtry | |
| 9328 :" end of script | |
| 9329 | |
| 9330 Note: Catching all might catch more things than you want. Thus, you are | |
| 9331 strongly encouraged to catch only for problems that you can really handle by | |
| 9332 specifying a pattern argument to the ":catch". | |
| 9333 Example: Catching all could make it nearly impossible to interrupt a script | |
| 9334 by pressing CTRL-C: > | |
| 9335 | |
| 9336 :while 1 | |
| 9337 : try | |
| 9338 : sleep 1 | |
| 9339 : catch | |
| 9340 : endtry | |
| 9341 :endwhile | |
| 9342 | |
| 9343 | |
| 9344 EXCEPTIONS AND AUTOCOMMANDS *except-autocmd* | |
| 9345 | |
| 9346 Exceptions may be used during execution of autocommands. Example: > | |
| 9347 | |
| 9348 :autocmd User x try | |
| 9349 :autocmd User x throw "Oops!" | |
| 9350 :autocmd User x catch | |
| 9351 :autocmd User x echo v:exception | |
| 9352 :autocmd User x endtry | |
| 9353 :autocmd User x throw "Arrgh!" | |
| 9354 :autocmd User x echo "Should not be displayed" | |
| 9355 : | |
| 9356 :try | |
| 9357 : doautocmd User x | |
| 9358 :catch | |
| 9359 : echo v:exception | |
| 9360 :endtry | |
| 9361 | |
| 9362 This displays "Oops!" and "Arrgh!". | |
| 9363 | |
| 9364 *except-autocmd-Pre* | |
| 9365 For some commands, autocommands get executed before the main action of the | |
| 9366 command takes place. If an exception is thrown and not caught in the sequence | |
| 9367 of autocommands, the sequence and the command that caused its execution are | |
| 9368 abandoned and the exception is propagated to the caller of the command. | |
| 9369 Example: > | |
| 9370 | |
| 9371 :autocmd BufWritePre * throw "FAIL" | |
| 9372 :autocmd BufWritePre * echo "Should not be displayed" | |
| 9373 : | |
| 9374 :try | |
| 9375 : write | |
| 9376 :catch | |
| 9377 : echo "Caught:" v:exception "from" v:throwpoint | |
| 9378 :endtry | |
| 9379 | |
| 9380 Here, the ":write" command does not write the file currently being edited (as | |
| 9381 you can see by checking 'modified'), since the exception from the BufWritePre | |
| 9382 autocommand abandons the ":write". The exception is then caught and the | |
| 9383 script displays: > | |
| 9384 | |
| 9385 Caught: FAIL from BufWrite Auto commands for "*" | |
| 9386 < | |
| 9387 *except-autocmd-Post* | |
| 9388 For some commands, autocommands get executed after the main action of the | |
| 9389 command has taken place. If this main action fails and the command is inside | |
| 9390 an active try conditional, the autocommands are skipped and an error exception | |
| 9391 is thrown that can be caught by the caller of the command. | |
| 9392 Example: > | |
| 9393 | |
| 9394 :autocmd BufWritePost * echo "File successfully written!" | |
| 9395 : | |
| 9396 :try | |
| 9397 : write /i/m/p/o/s/s/i/b/l/e | |
| 9398 :catch | |
| 9399 : echo v:exception | |
| 9400 :endtry | |
| 9401 | |
| 9402 This just displays: > | |
| 9403 | |
| 9404 Vim(write):E212: Can't open file for writing (/i/m/p/o/s/s/i/b/l/e) | |
| 9405 | |
| 9406 If you really need to execute the autocommands even when the main action | |
| 9407 fails, trigger the event from the catch clause. | |
| 9408 Example: > | |
| 9409 | |
| 9410 :autocmd BufWritePre * set noreadonly | |
| 9411 :autocmd BufWritePost * set readonly | |
| 9412 : | |
| 9413 :try | |
| 9414 : write /i/m/p/o/s/s/i/b/l/e | |
| 9415 :catch | |
| 9416 : doautocmd BufWritePost /i/m/p/o/s/s/i/b/l/e | |
| 9417 :endtry | |
| 9418 < | |
| 9419 You can also use ":silent!": > | |
| 9420 | |
| 9421 :let x = "ok" | |
| 9422 :let v:errmsg = "" | |
| 9423 :autocmd BufWritePost * if v:errmsg != "" | |
| 9424 :autocmd BufWritePost * let x = "after fail" | |
| 9425 :autocmd BufWritePost * endif | |
| 9426 :try | |
| 9427 : silent! write /i/m/p/o/s/s/i/b/l/e | |
| 9428 :catch | |
| 9429 :endtry | |
| 9430 :echo x | |
| 9431 | |
| 9432 This displays "after fail". | |
| 9433 | |
| 9434 If the main action of the command does not fail, exceptions from the | |
| 9435 autocommands will be catchable by the caller of the command: > | |
| 9436 | |
| 9437 :autocmd BufWritePost * throw ":-(" | |
| 9438 :autocmd BufWritePost * echo "Should not be displayed" | |
| 9439 : | |
| 9440 :try | |
| 9441 : write | |
| 9442 :catch | |
| 9443 : echo v:exception | |
| 9444 :endtry | |
| 9445 < | |
| 9446 *except-autocmd-Cmd* | |
| 9447 For some commands, the normal action can be replaced by a sequence of | |
| 9448 autocommands. Exceptions from that sequence will be catchable by the caller | |
| 9449 of the command. | |
| 9450 Example: For the ":write" command, the caller cannot know whether the file | |
| 1621 | 9451 had actually been written when the exception occurred. You need to tell it in |
| 7 | 9452 some way. > |
| 9453 | |
| 9454 :if !exists("cnt") | |
| 9455 : let cnt = 0 | |
| 9456 : | |
| 9457 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * if &modified | |
| 9458 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * let cnt = cnt + 1 | |
| 9459 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * if cnt % 3 == 2 | |
| 9460 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * throw "BufWriteCmdError" | |
| 9461 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * endif | |
| 9462 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * write | set nomodified | |
| 9463 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * if cnt % 3 == 0 | |
| 9464 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * throw "BufWriteCmdError" | |
| 9465 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * endif | |
| 9466 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * echo "File successfully written!" | |
| 9467 : autocmd BufWriteCmd * endif | |
| 9468 :endif | |
| 9469 : | |
| 9470 :try | |
| 9471 : write | |
| 9472 :catch /^BufWriteCmdError$/ | |
| 9473 : if &modified | |
| 9474 : echo "Error on writing (file contents not changed)" | |
| 9475 : else | |
| 9476 : echo "Error after writing" | |
| 9477 : endif | |
| 9478 :catch /^Vim(write):/ | |
| 9479 : echo "Error on writing" | |
| 9480 :endtry | |
| 9481 | |
| 9482 When this script is sourced several times after making changes, it displays | |
| 9483 first > | |
| 9484 File successfully written! | |
| 9485 then > | |
| 9486 Error on writing (file contents not changed) | |
| 9487 then > | |
| 9488 Error after writing | |
| 9489 etc. | |
| 9490 | |
| 9491 *except-autocmd-ill* | |
| 9492 You cannot spread a try conditional over autocommands for different events. | |
| 9493 The following code is ill-formed: > | |
| 9494 | |
| 9495 :autocmd BufWritePre * try | |
| 9496 : | |
| 9497 :autocmd BufWritePost * catch | |
| 9498 :autocmd BufWritePost * echo v:exception | |
| 9499 :autocmd BufWritePost * endtry | |
| 9500 : | |
| 9501 :write | |
| 9502 | |
| 9503 | |
| 9504 EXCEPTION HIERARCHIES AND PARAMETERIZED EXCEPTIONS *except-hier-param* | |
| 9505 | |
| 9506 Some programming languages allow to use hierarchies of exception classes or to | |
| 9507 pass additional information with the object of an exception class. You can do | |
| 9508 similar things in Vim. | |
| 9509 In order to throw an exception from a hierarchy, just throw the complete | |
| 9510 class name with the components separated by a colon, for instance throw the | |
| 9511 string "EXCEPT:MATHERR:OVERFLOW" for an overflow in a mathematical library. | |
| 9512 When you want to pass additional information with your exception class, add | |
| 9513 it in parentheses, for instance throw the string "EXCEPT:IO:WRITEERR(myfile)" | |
| 9514 for an error when writing "myfile". | |
| 9515 With the appropriate patterns in the ":catch" command, you can catch for | |
| 9516 base classes or derived classes of your hierarchy. Additional information in | |
| 9517 parentheses can be cut out from |v:exception| with the ":substitute" command. | |
| 9518 Example: > | |
| 9519 | |
| 9520 :function! CheckRange(a, func) | |
| 9521 : if a:a < 0 | |
| 9522 : throw "EXCEPT:MATHERR:RANGE(" . a:func . ")" | |
| 9523 : endif | |
| 9524 :endfunction | |
| 9525 : | |
| 9526 :function! Add(a, b) | |
| 9527 : call CheckRange(a:a, "Add") | |
| 9528 : call CheckRange(a:b, "Add") | |
| 9529 : let c = a:a + a:b | |
| 9530 : if c < 0 | |
| 9531 : throw "EXCEPT:MATHERR:OVERFLOW" | |
| 9532 : endif | |
| 9533 : return c | |
| 9534 :endfunction | |
| 9535 : | |
| 9536 :function! Div(a, b) | |
| 9537 : call CheckRange(a:a, "Div") | |
| 9538 : call CheckRange(a:b, "Div") | |
| 9539 : if (a:b == 0) | |
| 9540 : throw "EXCEPT:MATHERR:ZERODIV" | |
| 9541 : endif | |
| 9542 : return a:a / a:b | |
| 9543 :endfunction | |
| 9544 : | |
| 9545 :function! Write(file) | |
| 9546 : try | |
| 1621 | 9547 : execute "write" fnameescape(a:file) |
| 7 | 9548 : catch /^Vim(write):/ |
| 9549 : throw "EXCEPT:IO(" . getcwd() . ", " . a:file . "):WRITEERR" | |
| 9550 : endtry | |
| 9551 :endfunction | |
| 9552 : | |
| 9553 :try | |
| 9554 : | |
| 9555 : " something with arithmetics and I/O | |
| 9556 : | |
| 9557 :catch /^EXCEPT:MATHERR:RANGE/ | |
| 9558 : let function = substitute(v:exception, '.*(\(\a\+\)).*', '\1', "") | |
| 9559 : echo "Range error in" function | |
| 9560 : | |
| 9561 :catch /^EXCEPT:MATHERR/ " catches OVERFLOW and ZERODIV | |
| 9562 : echo "Math error" | |
| 9563 : | |
| 9564 :catch /^EXCEPT:IO/ | |
| 9565 : let dir = substitute(v:exception, '.*(\(.\+\),\s*.\+).*', '\1', "") | |
| 9566 : let file = substitute(v:exception, '.*(.\+,\s*\(.\+\)).*', '\1', "") | |
| 9567 : if file !~ '^/' | |
| 9568 : let file = dir . "/" . file | |
| 9569 : endif | |
| 9570 : echo 'I/O error for "' . file . '"' | |
| 9571 : | |
| 9572 :catch /^EXCEPT/ | |
| 9573 : echo "Unspecified error" | |
| 9574 : | |
| 9575 :endtry | |
| 9576 | |
| 9577 The exceptions raised by Vim itself (on error or when pressing CTRL-C) use | |
| 9578 a flat hierarchy: they are all in the "Vim" class. You cannot throw yourself | |
| 9579 exceptions with the "Vim" prefix; they are reserved for Vim. | |
| 9580 Vim error exceptions are parameterized with the name of the command that | |
| 9581 failed, if known. See |catch-errors|. | |
| 9582 | |
| 9583 | |
| 9584 PECULIARITIES | |
| 9585 *except-compat* | |
| 9586 The exception handling concept requires that the command sequence causing the | |
| 9587 exception is aborted immediately and control is transferred to finally clauses | |
| 9588 and/or a catch clause. | |
| 9589 | |
| 9590 In the Vim script language there are cases where scripts and functions | |
| 9591 continue after an error: in functions without the "abort" flag or in a command | |
| 9592 after ":silent!", control flow goes to the following line, and outside | |
| 9593 functions, control flow goes to the line following the outermost ":endwhile" | |
| 9594 or ":endif". On the other hand, errors should be catchable as exceptions | |
| 9595 (thus, requiring the immediate abortion). | |
| 9596 | |
| 9597 This problem has been solved by converting errors to exceptions and using | |
| 9598 immediate abortion (if not suppressed by ":silent!") only when a try | |
| 1621 | 9599 conditional is active. This is no restriction since an (error) exception can |
| 9600 be caught only from an active try conditional. If you want an immediate | |
| 7 | 9601 termination without catching the error, just use a try conditional without |
| 9602 catch clause. (You can cause cleanup code being executed before termination | |
| 9603 by specifying a finally clause.) | |
| 9604 | |
| 9605 When no try conditional is active, the usual abortion and continuation | |
| 9606 behavior is used instead of immediate abortion. This ensures compatibility of | |
| 9607 scripts written for Vim 6.1 and earlier. | |
| 9608 | |
| 9609 However, when sourcing an existing script that does not use exception handling | |
| 9610 commands (or when calling one of its functions) from inside an active try | |
| 9611 conditional of a new script, you might change the control flow of the existing | |
| 9612 script on error. You get the immediate abortion on error and can catch the | |
| 9613 error in the new script. If however the sourced script suppresses error | |
| 9614 messages by using the ":silent!" command (checking for errors by testing | |
| 1621 | 9615 |v:errmsg| if appropriate), its execution path is not changed. The error is |
| 9616 not converted to an exception. (See |:silent|.) So the only remaining cause | |
| 7 | 9617 where this happens is for scripts that don't care about errors and produce |
| 9618 error messages. You probably won't want to use such code from your new | |
| 9619 scripts. | |
| 9620 | |
| 9621 *except-syntax-err* | |
| 9622 Syntax errors in the exception handling commands are never caught by any of | |
| 9623 the ":catch" commands of the try conditional they belong to. Its finally | |
| 9624 clauses, however, is executed. | |
| 9625 Example: > | |
| 9626 | |
| 9627 :try | |
| 9628 : try | |
| 9629 : throw 4711 | |
| 9630 : catch /\(/ | |
| 9631 : echo "in catch with syntax error" | |
| 9632 : catch | |
| 9633 : echo "inner catch-all" | |
| 9634 : finally | |
| 9635 : echo "inner finally" | |
| 9636 : endtry | |
| 9637 :catch | |
| 9638 : echo 'outer catch-all caught "' . v:exception . '"' | |
| 9639 : finally | |
| 9640 : echo "outer finally" | |
| 9641 :endtry | |
| 9642 | |
| 9643 This displays: > | |
| 9644 inner finally | |
| 9645 outer catch-all caught "Vim(catch):E54: Unmatched \(" | |
| 9646 outer finally | |
| 9647 The original exception is discarded and an error exception is raised, instead. | |
| 9648 | |
| 9649 *except-single-line* | |
| 9650 The ":try", ":catch", ":finally", and ":endtry" commands can be put on | |
| 9651 a single line, but then syntax errors may make it difficult to recognize the | |
| 9652 "catch" line, thus you better avoid this. | |
| 9653 Example: > | |
| 9654 :try | unlet! foo # | catch | endtry | |
| 9655 raises an error exception for the trailing characters after the ":unlet!" | |
| 9656 argument, but does not see the ":catch" and ":endtry" commands, so that the | |
| 9657 error exception is discarded and the "E488: Trailing characters" message gets | |
| 9658 displayed. | |
| 9659 | |
| 9660 *except-several-errors* | |
| 9661 When several errors appear in a single command, the first error message is | |
| 9662 usually the most specific one and therefor converted to the error exception. | |
| 9663 Example: > | |
| 9664 echo novar | |
| 9665 causes > | |
| 9666 E121: Undefined variable: novar | |
| 9667 E15: Invalid expression: novar | |
| 9668 The value of the error exception inside try conditionals is: > | |
| 9669 Vim(echo):E121: Undefined variable: novar | |
| 9670 < *except-syntax-error* | |
| 9671 But when a syntax error is detected after a normal error in the same command, | |
| 9672 the syntax error is used for the exception being thrown. | |
| 9673 Example: > | |
| 9674 unlet novar # | |
| 9675 causes > | |
| 9676 E108: No such variable: "novar" | |
| 9677 E488: Trailing characters | |
| 9678 The value of the error exception inside try conditionals is: > | |
| 9679 Vim(unlet):E488: Trailing characters | |
| 9680 This is done because the syntax error might change the execution path in a way | |
| 9681 not intended by the user. Example: > | |
| 9682 try | |
| 9683 try | unlet novar # | catch | echo v:exception | endtry | |
| 9684 catch /.*/ | |
| 9685 echo "outer catch:" v:exception | |
| 9686 endtry | |
| 9687 This displays "outer catch: Vim(unlet):E488: Trailing characters", and then | |
| 9688 a "E600: Missing :endtry" error message is given, see |except-single-line|. | |
| 9689 | |
| 9690 ============================================================================== | |
| 9691 9. Examples *eval-examples* | |
| 9692 | |
| 1156 | 9693 Printing in Binary ~ |
| 7 | 9694 > |
|
2033
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1998
diff
changeset
|
9695 :" The function Nr2Bin() returns the binary string representation of a number. |
| 1156 | 9696 :func Nr2Bin(nr) |
| 7 | 9697 : let n = a:nr |
| 9698 : let r = "" | |
| 9699 : while n | |
| 1156 | 9700 : let r = '01'[n % 2] . r |
| 9701 : let n = n / 2 | |
| 7 | 9702 : endwhile |
| 9703 : return r | |
| 9704 :endfunc | |
| 9705 | |
| 1156 | 9706 :" The function String2Bin() converts each character in a string to a |
| 9707 :" binary string, separated with dashes. | |
| 9708 :func String2Bin(str) | |
| 7 | 9709 : let out = '' |
| 1156 | 9710 : for ix in range(strlen(a:str)) |
| 9711 : let out = out . '-' . Nr2Bin(char2nr(a:str[ix])) | |
| 9712 : endfor | |
| 9713 : return out[1:] | |
| 7 | 9714 :endfunc |
| 9715 | |
| 9716 Example of its use: > | |
| 1156 | 9717 :echo Nr2Bin(32) |
| 9718 result: "100000" > | |
| 9719 :echo String2Bin("32") | |
| 9720 result: "110011-110010" | |
| 9721 | |
| 9722 | |
| 9723 Sorting lines ~ | |
| 9724 | |
| 9725 This example sorts lines with a specific compare function. > | |
| 9726 | |
| 9727 :func SortBuffer() | |
| 9728 : let lines = getline(1, '$') | |
| 9729 : call sort(lines, function("Strcmp")) | |
| 9730 : call setline(1, lines) | |
| 7 | 9731 :endfunction |
| 9732 | |
| 1156 | 9733 As a one-liner: > |
| 9734 :call setline(1, sort(getline(1, '$'), function("Strcmp"))) | |
| 9735 | |
| 9736 | |
| 9737 scanf() replacement ~ | |
| 7 | 9738 *sscanf* |
| 9739 There is no sscanf() function in Vim. If you need to extract parts from a | |
| 9740 line, you can use matchstr() and substitute() to do it. This example shows | |
| 9741 how to get the file name, line number and column number out of a line like | |
| 9742 "foobar.txt, 123, 45". > | |
| 9743 :" Set up the match bit | |
| 9744 :let mx='\(\f\+\),\s*\(\d\+\),\s*\(\d\+\)' | |
| 9745 :"get the part matching the whole expression | |
| 9746 :let l = matchstr(line, mx) | |
| 9747 :"get each item out of the match | |
| 9748 :let file = substitute(l, mx, '\1', '') | |
| 9749 :let lnum = substitute(l, mx, '\2', '') | |
| 9750 :let col = substitute(l, mx, '\3', '') | |
| 9751 | |
| 9752 The input is in the variable "line", the results in the variables "file", | |
| 9753 "lnum" and "col". (idea from Michael Geddes) | |
| 9754 | |
| 1156 | 9755 |
| 9756 getting the scriptnames in a Dictionary ~ | |
| 9757 *scriptnames-dictionary* | |
| 9758 The |:scriptnames| command can be used to get a list of all script files that | |
| 9759 have been sourced. There is no equivalent function or variable for this | |
| 9760 (because it's rarely needed). In case you need to manipulate the list this | |
| 9761 code can be used: > | |
| 9762 " Get the output of ":scriptnames" in the scriptnames_output variable. | |
| 9763 let scriptnames_output = '' | |
| 9764 redir => scriptnames_output | |
| 9765 silent scriptnames | |
| 9766 redir END | |
| 9767 | |
| 1621 | 9768 " Split the output into lines and parse each line. Add an entry to the |
| 1156 | 9769 " "scripts" dictionary. |
| 9770 let scripts = {} | |
| 9771 for line in split(scriptnames_output, "\n") | |
| 9772 " Only do non-blank lines. | |
| 9773 if line =~ '\S' | |
| 9774 " Get the first number in the line. | |
| 1621 | 9775 let nr = matchstr(line, '\d\+') |
| 1156 | 9776 " Get the file name, remove the script number " 123: ". |
| 1621 | 9777 let name = substitute(line, '.\+:\s*', '', '') |
| 1156 | 9778 " Add an item to the Dictionary |
| 1621 | 9779 let scripts[nr] = name |
| 1156 | 9780 endif |
| 9781 endfor | |
| 9782 unlet scriptnames_output | |
| 9783 | |
| 7 | 9784 ============================================================================== |
| 9785 10. No +eval feature *no-eval-feature* | |
| 9786 | |
| 9787 When the |+eval| feature was disabled at compile time, none of the expression | |
| 9788 evaluation commands are available. To prevent this from causing Vim scripts | |
| 9789 to generate all kinds of errors, the ":if" and ":endif" commands are still | |
| 9790 recognized, though the argument of the ":if" and everything between the ":if" | |
| 9791 and the matching ":endif" is ignored. Nesting of ":if" blocks is allowed, but | |
| 9792 only if the commands are at the start of the line. The ":else" command is not | |
| 9793 recognized. | |
| 9794 | |
| 9795 Example of how to avoid executing commands when the |+eval| feature is | |
| 9796 missing: > | |
| 9797 | |
| 9798 :if 1 | |
| 9799 : echo "Expression evaluation is compiled in" | |
| 9800 :else | |
| 9801 : echo "You will _never_ see this message" | |
| 9802 :endif | |
| 9803 | |
| 9804 ============================================================================== | |
| 9805 11. The sandbox *eval-sandbox* *sandbox* *E48* | |
| 9806 | |
|
2350
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2345
diff
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|
9807 The 'foldexpr', 'formatexpr', 'includeexpr', 'indentexpr', 'statusline' and |
|
06feaf4fe36a
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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diff
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|
9808 'foldtext' options may be evaluated in a sandbox. This means that you are |
|
06feaf4fe36a
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2345
diff
changeset
|
9809 protected from these expressions having nasty side effects. This gives some |
|
06feaf4fe36a
Rename some "python3" symbols to "py3", as the command name.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2345
diff
changeset
|
9810 safety for when these options are set from a modeline. It is also used when |
|
06feaf4fe36a
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2345
diff
changeset
|
9811 the command from a tags file is executed and for CTRL-R = in the command line. |
| 29 | 9812 The sandbox is also used for the |:sandbox| command. |
| 7 | 9813 |
| 9814 These items are not allowed in the sandbox: | |
| 9815 - changing the buffer text | |
| 9816 - defining or changing mapping, autocommands, functions, user commands | |
| 9817 - setting certain options (see |option-summary|) | |
| 1156 | 9818 - setting certain v: variables (see |v:var|) *E794* |
| 7 | 9819 - executing a shell command |
| 9820 - reading or writing a file | |
| 9821 - jumping to another buffer or editing a file | |
| 625 | 9822 - executing Python, Perl, etc. commands |
| 29 | 9823 This is not guaranteed 100% secure, but it should block most attacks. |
| 9824 | |
| 9825 *:san* *:sandbox* | |
| 401 | 9826 :san[dbox] {cmd} Execute {cmd} in the sandbox. Useful to evaluate an |
| 29 | 9827 option that may have been set from a modeline, e.g. |
| 9828 'foldexpr'. | |
| 9829 | |
| 634 | 9830 *sandbox-option* |
| 9831 A few options contain an expression. When this expression is evaluated it may | |
| 790 | 9832 have to be done in the sandbox to avoid a security risk. But the sandbox is |
| 634 | 9833 restrictive, thus this only happens when the option was set from an insecure |
| 9834 location. Insecure in this context are: | |
| 843 | 9835 - sourcing a .vimrc or .exrc in the current directory |
| 634 | 9836 - while executing in the sandbox |
| 9837 - value coming from a modeline | |
| 9838 | |
| 9839 Note that when in the sandbox and saving an option value and restoring it, the | |
| 9840 option will still be marked as it was set in the sandbox. | |
| 9841 | |
| 9842 ============================================================================== | |
| 9843 12. Textlock *textlock* | |
| 9844 | |
| 9845 In a few situations it is not allowed to change the text in the buffer, jump | |
| 9846 to another window and some other things that might confuse or break what Vim | |
| 9847 is currently doing. This mostly applies to things that happen when Vim is | |
| 1621 | 9848 actually doing something else. For example, evaluating the 'balloonexpr' may |
| 634 | 9849 happen any moment the mouse cursor is resting at some position. |
| 9850 | |
| 9851 This is not allowed when the textlock is active: | |
| 9852 - changing the buffer text | |
| 9853 - jumping to another buffer or window | |
| 9854 - editing another file | |
| 9855 - closing a window or quitting Vim | |
| 9856 - etc. | |
| 9857 | |
| 7 | 9858 |
| 9859 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |