Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/vi_diff.txt @ 11498:370e833dcd4d v8.0.0632
patch 8.0.0632: the quotestar test is still a bit flaky
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/1c13c0fe3e7b15750464ffbc39a4648aa5c639be
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Sat Jun 10 16:30:32 2017 +0200
patch 8.0.0632: the quotestar test is still a bit flaky
Problem: The quotestar test is still a bit flaky.
Solution: Kill any existing server to make the retry work. Wait for the
register to be filled.
| author | Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Sat, 10 Jun 2017 16:45:03 +0200 |
| parents | 9f48eab77d62 |
| children | 1174611ad715 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
|
10198
9f48eab77d62
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/bb76f24af2010943387ce696a7092175b4ecccf2
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
9887
diff
changeset
|
1 *vi_diff.txt* For Vim version 8.0. Last change: 2016 Aug 16 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Differences between Vim and Vi *vi-differences* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 Throughout the help files differences between Vim and Vi/Ex are given in | |
| 10 curly braces, like "{not in Vi}". This file only lists what has not been | |
| 11 mentioned in other files and gives an overview. | |
| 12 | |
| 13 Vim is mostly POSIX 1003.2-1 compliant. The only command known to be missing | |
| 14 is ":open". There are probably a lot of small differences (either because Vim | |
| 15 is missing something or because Posix is beside the mark). | |
| 16 | |
| 166 | 17 1. Simulated command |simulated-command| |
| 7 | 18 2. Missing options |missing-options| |
| 19 3. Limits |limits| | |
| 20 4. The most interesting additions |vim-additions| | |
| 21 5. Other vim features |other-features| | |
| 22 6. Command-line arguments |cmdline-arguments| | |
| 160 | 23 7. POSIX compliance |posix-compliance| |
| 7 | 24 |
| 25 ============================================================================== | |
| 166 | 26 1. Simulated command *simulated-command* |
| 27 | |
| 1118 | 28 This command is in Vi, but Vim only simulates it: |
| 166 | 29 |
| 30 *:o* *:op* *:open* | |
| 31 :[range]o[pen] Works like |:visual|: end Ex mode. | |
| 32 {Vi: start editing in open mode} | |
| 7 | 33 |
| 166 | 34 :[range]o[pen] /pattern/ As above, additionally move the cursor to the |
| 35 column where "pattern" matches in the cursor | |
| 36 line. | |
| 7 | 37 |
| 166 | 38 Vim does not support open mode, since it's not really useful. For those |
| 39 situations where ":open" would start open mode Vim will leave Ex mode, which | |
| 40 allows executing the same commands, but updates the whole screen instead of | |
| 41 only one line. | |
| 7 | 42 |
| 43 ============================================================================== | |
| 44 2. Missing options *missing-options* | |
| 45 | |
| 46 These options are in the Unix Vi, but not in Vim. If you try to set one of | |
| 47 them you won't get an error message, but the value is not used and cannot be | |
| 48 printed. | |
| 49 | |
| 50 autoprint (ap) boolean (default on) *'autoprint'* *'ap'* | |
| 51 beautify (bf) boolean (default off) *'beautify'* *'bf'* | |
| 52 flash (fl) boolean (default ??) *'flash'* *'fl'* | |
| 53 graphic (gr) boolean (default off) *'graphic'* *'gr'* | |
| 54 hardtabs (ht) number (default 8) *'hardtabs'* *'ht'* | |
| 55 number of spaces that a <Tab> moves on the display | |
| 56 mesg boolean (default on) *'mesg'* | |
| 57 novice boolean (default off) *'novice'* | |
| 58 open boolean (default on) *'open'* | |
| 59 optimize (op) boolean (default off) *'optimize'* *'op'* | |
| 60 redraw boolean (default off) *'redraw'* | |
| 61 slowopen (slow) boolean (default off) *'slowopen'* *'slow'* | |
| 62 sourceany boolean (default off) *'sourceany'* | |
| 63 w300 number (default 23) *'w300'* | |
| 64 w1200 number (default 23) *'w1200'* | |
| 65 w9600 number (default 23) *'w9600'* | |
| 66 | |
| 67 ============================================================================== | |
| 68 3. Limits *limits* | |
| 69 | |
| 70 Vim has only a few limits for the files that can be edited {Vi: can not handle | |
| 71 <Nul> characters and characters above 128, has limited line length, many other | |
| 72 limits}. | |
| 73 *E340* | |
| 74 Maximum line length On machines with 16-bit ints (Amiga and MS-DOS real | |
| 75 mode): 32767, otherwise 2147483647 characters. | |
| 76 Longer lines are split. | |
| 77 Maximum number of lines 2147483647 lines. | |
| 78 Maximum file size 2147483647 bytes (2 Gbyte) when a long integer is | |
| 79 32 bits. Much more for 64 bit longs. Also limited | |
| 80 by available disk space for the |swap-file|. | |
| 81 *E75* | |
| 82 Length of a file path Unix and Win32: 1024 characters, otherwise 256 | |
| 83 characters (or as much as the system supports). | |
| 84 Length of an expanded string option | |
| 85 Unix and Win32: 1024 characters, otherwise 256 | |
| 86 characters | |
| 87 Maximum display width Unix and Win32: 1024 characters, otherwise 255 | |
| 88 characters | |
| 89 Maximum lhs of a mapping 50 characters. | |
| 625 | 90 Number of different highlighting types: over 30000 |
| 3082 | 91 Range of a Number variable: -2147483648 to 2147483647 (might be more on 64 |
| 92 bit systems) | |
| 2596 | 93 Maximum length of a line in a tags file: 512 bytes. |
| 7 | 94 |
| 95 Information for undo and text in registers is kept in memory, thus when making | |
| 96 (big) changes the amount of (virtual) memory available limits the number of | |
| 97 undo levels and the text that can be kept in registers. Other things are also | |
| 98 kept in memory: Command-line history, error messages for Quickfix mode, etc. | |
| 99 | |
| 100 Memory usage limits | |
| 101 ------------------- | |
| 102 | |
| 103 The option 'maxmem' ('mm') is used to set the maximum memory used for one | |
| 104 buffer (in kilobytes). 'maxmemtot' is used to set the maximum memory used for | |
| 105 all buffers (in kilobytes). The defaults depend on the system used. For the | |
| 106 Amiga and MS-DOS, 'maxmemtot' is set depending on the amount of memory | |
| 827 | 107 available. |
| 108 These are not hard limits, but tell Vim when to move text into a swap file. | |
| 109 If you don't like Vim to swap to a file, set 'maxmem' and 'maxmemtot' to a | |
| 110 very large value. The swap file will then only be used for recovery. If you | |
| 111 don't want a swap file at all, set 'updatecount' to 0, or use the "-n" | |
| 112 argument when starting Vim. | |
| 7 | 113 |
| 114 ============================================================================== | |
| 115 4. The most interesting additions *vim-additions* | |
| 116 | |
| 117 Vi compatibility. |'compatible'| | |
| 118 Although Vim is 99% Vi compatible, some things in Vi can be | |
| 119 considered to be a bug, or at least need improvement. But still, Vim | |
| 120 starts in a mode which behaves like the "real" Vi as much as possible. | |
| 121 To make Vim behave a little bit better, try resetting the 'compatible' | |
| 122 option: | |
| 123 :set nocompatible | |
| 124 Or start Vim with the "-N" argument: | |
| 125 vim -N | |
| 827 | 126 Vim starts with 'nocompatible' automatically if you have a .vimrc |
| 127 file. See |startup|. | |
| 7 | 128 The 'cpoptions' option can be used to set Vi compatibility on/off for |
| 129 a number of specific items. | |
| 130 | |
| 131 Support for different systems. | |
| 132 Vim can be used on: | |
| 133 - All Unix systems (it works on all systems it was tested on, although | |
| 134 the GUI and Perl interface may not work everywhere). | |
| 135 - Amiga (500, 1000, 1200, 2000, 3000, 4000, ...). | |
| 136 - MS-DOS in real-mode (no additional drivers required). | |
| 137 - In protected mode on Windows 3.1 and MS-DOS (DPMI driver required). | |
| 138 - Windows 95 and Windows NT, with support for long file names. | |
| 139 - OS/2 (needs emx.dll) | |
| 140 - Atari MiNT | |
| 141 - VMS | |
| 142 - BeOS | |
| 143 - Macintosh | |
| 144 - Risc OS | |
| 145 - IBM OS/390 | |
| 827 | 146 Note that on some systems features need to be disabled to reduce |
| 147 resource usage, esp. on MS-DOS. For some outdated systems you need to | |
| 148 use an older Vim version. | |
| 7 | 149 |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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parents:
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diff
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150 Multi level persistent undo. |undo| |
| 7 | 151 'u' goes backward in time, 'CTRL-R' goes forward again. Set option |
| 152 'undolevels' to the number of changes to be remembered (default 1000). | |
| 5340 | 153 Set 'undolevels' to 0 for a Vi-compatible one level undo. Set it to |
| 7 | 154 -1 for no undo at all. |
| 155 When all changes in a buffer have been undone, the buffer is not | |
| 156 considered changed anymore. You can exit it with :q, without <!>. | |
| 827 | 157 When undoing a few changes and then making a new change Vim will |
| 158 create a branch in the undo tree. This means you can go back to any | |
| 1186 | 159 state of the text, there is no risk of a change causing text to be |
| 827 | 160 lost forever. |undo-tree| |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
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161 The undo information is stored in a file when the 'undofile' option is |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
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162 set. This means you can exit Vim, start Vim on a previously edited |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
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163 file and undo changes that were made before exiting Vim. |
| 7 | 164 |
| 827 | 165 Graphical User Interface (GUI). |gui| |
| 7 | 166 Included support for GUI: menu's, mouse, scrollbars, etc. You can |
| 167 define your own menus. Better support for CTRL/SHIFT/ALT keys in | |
| 168 combination with special keys and mouse. Supported for various | |
| 169 platforms, such as X11 (with Motif and Athena interfaces), GTK, Win32 | |
| 170 (Windows 95 and later), BeOS, Amiga and Macintosh. | |
| 171 | |
| 172 Multiple windows and buffers. |windows.txt| | |
| 173 Vim can split the screen into several windows, each editing a | |
| 174 different buffer or the same buffer at a different location. Buffers | |
| 175 can still be loaded (and changed) but not displayed in a window. This | |
| 176 is called a hidden buffer. Many commands and options have been added | |
| 177 for this facility. | |
| 827 | 178 Vim can also use multiple tab pages, each with one or more windows. A |
| 179 line with tab labels can be used to quickly switch between these pages. | |
| 180 |tab-page| | |
| 7 | 181 |
| 182 Syntax highlighting. |:syntax| | |
| 183 Vim can highlight keywords, patterns and other things. This is | |
| 827 | 184 defined by a number of |:syntax| commands, and can be made to |
| 7 | 185 highlight most languages and file types. A number of files are |
| 186 included for highlighting the most common languages, like C, C++, | |
| 187 Java, Pascal, Makefiles, shell scripts, etc. The colors used for | |
| 188 highlighting can be defined for ordinary terminals, color terminals | |
| 827 | 189 and the GUI with the |:highlight| command. A convenient way to do |
| 190 this is using a |:colorscheme| command. | |
| 191 The highlighted text can be exported as HTML. |convert-to-HTML| | |
| 192 Other items that can be highlighted are matches with the search string | |
| 193 |'hlsearch'|, matching parens |matchparen| and the cursor line and | |
| 194 column |'cursorline'| |'cursorcolumn'|. | |
| 7 | 195 |
| 827 | 196 Spell checking. |spell| |
| 197 When the 'spell' option is set Vim will highlight spelling mistakes. | |
| 3750 | 198 About 50 languages are currently supported, selected with the |
| 1618 | 199 'spelllang' option. In source code only comments and strings are |
| 827 | 200 checked for spelling. |
| 201 | |
| 202 Folding. |folding| | |
| 7 | 203 A range of lines can be shown as one "folded" line. This allows |
| 204 overviewing a file and moving blocks of text around quickly. | |
| 205 Folds can be created manually, from the syntax of the file, by indent, | |
| 206 etc. | |
| 207 | |
| 827 | 208 Diff mode. |diff| |
| 209 Vim can show two versions of a file with the differences highlighted. | |
| 210 Parts of the text that are equal are folded away. Commands can be | |
| 211 used to move text from one version to the other. | |
| 212 | |
| 213 Plugins. |add-plugin| | |
| 7 | 214 The functionality can be extended by dropping a plugin file in the |
| 215 right directory. That's an easy way to start using Vim scripts | |
| 216 written by others. Plugins can be for all kind of files, or | |
| 217 specifically for a filetype. | |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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218 Packages make this even easier. |packages| |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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219 |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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220 Asynchronous communication and timers. |channel| |job| |timer| |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
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221 Vim can exchange messages with other processes in the background. |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
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parents:
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222 This makes it possible to have servers do work and send back the |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
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223 results to Vim. |channel| |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
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224 Vim can start a job, communicate with it and stop it. |job| |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
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225 Timers can fire once or repeatedly and invoke a function to do any |
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b4da19b7539f
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/dc1f1645cb495fa6bfbe216d7359f23539a0e25d
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
8061
diff
changeset
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226 work. |timer| |
| 7 | 227 |
| 228 Repeat a series of commands. |q| | |
| 827 | 229 "q{c}" starts recording typed characters into named register {c}. |
| 230 A subsequent "q" stops recording. The register can then be executed | |
| 231 with the "@{c}" command. This is very useful to repeat a complex | |
| 232 action. | |
| 7 | 233 |
| 234 Flexible insert mode. |ins-special-special| | |
| 235 The arrow keys can be used in insert mode to move around in the file. | |
| 236 This breaks the insert in two parts as far as undo and redo is | |
| 237 concerned. | |
| 238 | |
| 827 | 239 CTRL-O can be used to execute a single Normal mode command. This is |
| 240 almost the same as hitting <Esc>, typing the command and doing |a|. | |
| 7 | 241 |
| 242 Visual mode. |Visual-mode| | |
| 827 | 243 Visual mode can be used to first highlight a piece of text and then |
| 244 give a command to do something with it. This is an (easy to use) | |
| 245 alternative to first giving the operator and then moving to the end of | |
| 246 the text to be operated upon. | |
| 247 |v| and |V| are used to start Visual mode. |v| works on characters | |
| 248 and |V| on lines. Move the cursor to extend the Visual area. It is | |
| 249 shown highlighted on the screen. By typing "o" the other end of the | |
| 250 Visual area can be moved. The Visual area can be affected by an | |
| 251 operator: | |
| 7 | 252 d delete |
| 253 c change | |
| 254 y yank | |
| 255 > or < insert or delete indent | |
| 256 ! filter through external program | |
| 257 = filter through indent | |
| 827 | 258 : start |:| command for the Visual lines. |
| 7 | 259 gq format text to 'textwidth' columns |
| 260 J join lines | |
| 261 ~ swap case | |
| 262 u make lowercase | |
| 263 U make uppercase | |
| 264 | |
| 265 Block operators. |visual-block| | |
| 827 | 266 With Visual mode a rectangular block of text can be selected. Start |
| 267 Visual mode with CTRL-V. The block can be deleted ("d"), yanked ("y") | |
| 268 or its case can be changed ("~", "u" and "U"). A deleted or yanked | |
| 269 block can be put into the text with the "p" and "P" commands. | |
| 7 | 270 |
| 827 | 271 Help system. |:help| |
| 7 | 272 Help is displayed in a window. The usual commands can be used to |
| 273 move around, search for a string, etc. Tags can be used to jump | |
| 827 | 274 around in the help files, just like hypertext links. The |:help| |
| 7 | 275 command takes an argument to quickly jump to the info on a subject. |
| 276 <F1> is the quick access to the help system. The name of the help | |
| 277 index file can be set with the 'helpfile' option. | |
| 278 | |
| 279 Command-line editing and history. |cmdline-editing| | |
| 280 You can insert or delete at any place in the command-line using the | |
| 281 cursor keys. The right/left cursor keys can be used to move | |
| 282 forward/backward one character. The shifted right/left cursor keys | |
| 283 can be used to move forward/backward one word. CTRL-B/CTRL-E can be | |
| 284 used to go to the begin/end of the command-line. | |
| 285 |cmdline-history| | |
| 286 The command-lines are remembered. The up/down cursor keys can be used | |
| 287 to recall previous command-lines. The 'history' option can be set to | |
| 288 the number of lines that will be remembered. There is a separate | |
| 289 history for commands and for search patterns. | |
| 290 | |
| 291 Command-line completion. |cmdline-completion| | |
| 292 While entering a command-line (on the bottom line of the screen) | |
| 293 <Tab> can be typed to complete | |
| 294 what example ~ | |
| 295 - command :e<Tab> | |
| 296 - tag :ta scr<Tab> | |
| 297 - option :set sc<Tab> | |
| 298 - option value :set hf=<Tab> | |
| 299 - file name :e ve<Tab> | |
| 300 - etc. | |
| 301 | |
| 302 If there are multiple matches, CTRL-N (next) and CTRL-P (previous) | |
| 303 will walk through the matches. <Tab> works like CTRL-N, but wraps | |
| 304 around to the first match. | |
| 305 | |
| 306 The 'wildchar' option can be set to the character for command-line | |
| 307 completion, <Tab> is the default. CTRL-D can be typed after an | |
| 308 (incomplete) wildcard; all matches will be listed. CTRL-A will insert | |
| 309 all matches. CTRL-L will insert the longest common part of the | |
| 310 matches. | |
| 311 | |
| 827 | 312 Insert-mode completion. |ins-completion| |
| 313 In Insert mode the CTRL-N and CTRL-P keys can be used to complete a | |
| 314 word that appears elsewhere. |i_CTRL-N| | |
| 7 | 315 With CTRL-X another mode is entered, through which completion can be |
| 316 done for: | |
| 317 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-F| file names | |
| 318 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-K| words from 'dictionary' files | |
| 319 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-T| words from 'thesaurus' files | |
| 320 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-I| words from included files | |
| 321 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-L| whole lines | |
| 322 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-]| words from the tags file | |
| 323 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-D| definitions or macros | |
| 827 | 324 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-O| Omni completion: clever completion |
| 325 specifically for a file type | |
| 326 etc. | |
| 7 | 327 |
| 827 | 328 Long line support. |'wrap'| |'linebreak'| |
| 7 | 329 If the 'wrap' option is off, long lines will not wrap and only part |
| 330 of them will be shown. When the cursor is moved to a part that is not | |
| 331 shown, the screen will scroll horizontally. The minimum number of | |
| 827 | 332 columns to scroll can be set with the 'sidescroll' option. The |zh| |
| 333 and |zl| commands can be used to scroll sideways. | |
| 7 | 334 Alternatively, long lines are broken in between words when the |
| 335 'linebreak' option is set. This allows editing a single-line | |
| 336 paragraph conveniently (e.g. when the text is later read into a DTP | |
| 827 | 337 program). Move the cursor up/down with the |gk| and |gj| commands. |
| 7 | 338 |
| 339 Text formatting. |formatting| | |
| 340 The 'textwidth' option can be used to automatically limit the line | |
| 341 length. This supplements the 'wrapmargin' option of Vi, which was not | |
| 827 | 342 very useful. The |gq| operator can be used to format a piece of text |
| 343 (for example, |gqap| formats the current paragraph). Commands for | |
| 344 text alignment: |:center|, |:left| and |:right|. | |
| 7 | 345 |
| 827 | 346 Extended search patterns. |pattern| |
| 7 | 347 There are many extra items to match various text items. Examples: |
| 348 A "\n" can be used in a search pattern to match a line break. | |
| 349 "x\{2,4}" matches "x" 2 to 4 times. | |
| 350 "\s" matches a white space character. | |
| 351 | |
| 827 | 352 Directory, remote and archive browsing. |netrw| |
| 353 Vim can browse the file system. Simply edit a directory. Move around | |
| 354 in the list with the usual commands and press <Enter> to go to the | |
| 355 directory or file under the cursor. | |
| 356 This also works for remote files over ftp, http, ssh, etc. | |
| 357 Zip and tar archives can also be browsed. |tar| |zip| | |
| 358 | |
| 7 | 359 Edit-compile-edit speedup. |quickfix| |
| 827 | 360 The |:make| command can be used to run the compilation and jump to the |
| 361 first error. A file with compiler error messages is interpreted. Vim | |
| 362 jumps to the first error. | |
| 7 | 363 |
| 364 Each line in the error file is scanned for the name of a file, line | |
| 365 number and error message. The 'errorformat' option can be set to a | |
| 366 list of scanf-like strings to handle output from many compilers. | |
| 367 | |
| 827 | 368 The |:cn| command can be used to jump to the next error. |
| 369 |:cl| lists all the error messages. Other commands are available. | |
| 7 | 370 The 'makeef' option has the name of the file with error messages. |
| 371 The 'makeprg' option contains the name of the program to be executed | |
| 827 | 372 with the |:make| command. |
| 7 | 373 The 'shellpipe' option contains the string to be used to put the |
| 374 output of the compiler into the errorfile. | |
| 375 | |
| 827 | 376 Finding matches in files. |:vimgrep| |
| 377 Vim can search for a pattern in multiple files. This uses the | |
| 378 advanced Vim regexp pattern, works on all systems and also works to | |
| 379 search in compressed files. | |
| 380 | |
| 381 Improved indenting for programs. |'cindent'| | |
| 7 | 382 When the 'cindent' option is on the indent of each line is |
| 383 automatically adjusted. C syntax is mostly recognized. The indent | |
| 384 for various styles can be set with 'cinoptions'. The keys to trigger | |
| 385 indenting can be set with 'cinkeys'. | |
| 386 | |
| 387 Comments can be automatically formatted. The 'comments' option can be | |
| 388 set to the characters that start and end a comment. This works best | |
| 389 for C code, but also works for e-mail (">" at start of the line) and | |
| 827 | 390 other types of text. The |=| operator can be used to re-indent |
| 7 | 391 lines. |
| 392 | |
| 827 | 393 For many other languages an indent plugin is present to support |
| 394 automatic indenting. |30.3| | |
| 395 | |
| 396 Searching for words in included files. |include-search| | |
| 397 The |[i| command can be used to search for a match of the word under | |
| 7 | 398 the cursor in the current and included files. The 'include' option |
| 1668 | 399 can be set to a pattern that describes a command to include a file |
| 7 | 400 (the default is for C programs). |
| 827 | 401 The |[I| command lists all matches, the |[_CTRL-I| command jumps to |
| 7 | 402 a match. |
| 827 | 403 The |[d|, |[D| and |[_CTRL-D| commands do the same, but only for |
| 7 | 404 lines where the pattern given with the 'define' option matches. |
| 405 | |
| 827 | 406 Automatic commands. |autocommand| |
| 7 | 407 Commands can be automatically executed when reading a file, writing a |
| 408 file, jumping to another buffer, etc., depending on the file name. | |
| 409 This is useful to set options and mappings for C programs, | |
| 410 documentation, plain text, e-mail, etc. This also makes it possible | |
| 411 to edit compressed files. | |
| 412 | |
| 827 | 413 Scripts and Expressions. |expression| |
| 414 Commands have been added to form up a powerful script language. | |
| 7 | 415 |:if| Conditional execution, which can be used for example |
| 416 to set options depending on the value of $TERM. | |
| 417 |:while| Repeat a number of commands. | |
| 827 | 418 |:for| Loop over a list. |
| 7 | 419 |:echo| Print the result of an expression. |
| 420 |:let| Assign a value to an internal variable, option, etc. | |
| 827 | 421 Variable types are Number, String, List and Dictionary. |
| 7 | 422 |:execute| Execute a command formed by an expression. |
| 827 | 423 |:try| Catch exceptions. |
| 424 etc., etc. See |eval|. | |
| 425 Debugging and profiling are supported. |debug-scripts| |profile| | |
| 426 If this is not enough, an interface is provided to |Python|, |Ruby|, | |
|
2320
966a5609669e
Added Lua interfae. (Luis Carvalho)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
427 |Tcl|, |Lua|, |Perl| and |MzScheme|. |
| 7 | 428 |
| 827 | 429 Viminfo. |viminfo-file| |
| 7 | 430 The command-line history, marks and registers can be stored in a file |
| 431 that is read on startup. This can be used to repeat a search command | |
| 432 or command-line command after exiting and restarting Vim. It is also | |
| 827 | 433 possible to jump right back to where the last edit stopped with |'0|. |
| 7 | 434 The 'viminfo' option can be set to select which items to store in the |
| 435 .viminfo file. This is off by default. | |
| 436 | |
| 827 | 437 Printing. |printing| |
| 438 The |:hardcopy| command sends text to the printer. This can include | |
| 439 syntax highlighting. | |
| 440 | |
| 441 Mouse support. |mouse-using| | |
| 7 | 442 The mouse is supported in the GUI version, in an xterm for Unix, for |
| 1618 | 443 BSDs with sysmouse, for Linux with gpm, for MS-DOS, and Win32. It |
| 444 can be used to position the cursor, select the visual area, paste a | |
| 445 register, etc. | |
| 7 | 446 |
| 827 | 447 Usage of key names. |<>| |key-notation| |
| 7 | 448 Special keys now all have a name like <Up>, <End>, etc. |
| 449 This name can be used in mappings, to make it easy to edit them. | |
| 450 | |
| 827 | 451 Editing binary files. |edit-binary| |
| 7 | 452 Vim can edit binary files. You can change a few characters in an |
| 453 executable file, without corrupting it. Vim doesn't remove NUL | |
| 454 characters (they are represented as <NL> internally). | |
| 455 |-b| command-line argument to start editing a binary file | |
| 827 | 456 |'binary'| Option set by |-b|. Prevents adding an <EOL> for the |
| 7 | 457 last line in the file. |
| 458 | |
| 827 | 459 Multi-language support. |multi-lang| |
| 7 | 460 Files in double-byte or multi-byte encodings can be edited. There is |
| 461 UTF-8 support to be able to edit various languages at the same time, | |
| 462 without switching fonts. |UTF-8| | |
| 463 Messages and menus are available in different languages. | |
| 464 | |
| 827 | 465 Move cursor beyond lines. |
| 466 When the 'virtualedit' option is set the cursor can move all over the | |
| 467 screen, also where there is no text. This is useful to edit tables | |
| 468 and figures easily. | |
| 469 | |
| 7 | 470 ============================================================================== |
| 471 5. Other vim features *other-features* | |
| 472 | |
| 473 A random collection of nice extra features. | |
| 474 | |
| 475 | |
| 476 When Vim is started with "-s scriptfile", the characters read from | |
| 477 "scriptfile" are treated as if you typed them. If end of file is reached | |
| 478 before the editor exits, further characters are read from the console. | |
| 479 | |
| 480 The "-w" option can be used to record all typed characters in a script file. | |
| 481 This file can then be used to redo the editing, possibly on another file or | |
| 482 after changing some commands in the script file. | |
| 483 | |
| 484 The "-o" option opens a window for each argument. "-o4" opens four windows. | |
| 485 | |
| 486 Vi requires several termcap entries to be able to work full-screen. Vim only | |
| 487 requires the "cm" entry (cursor motion). | |
| 488 | |
| 489 | |
| 490 In command mode: | |
| 491 | |
| 492 When the 'showcmd' option is set, the command characters are shown in the last | |
| 493 line of the screen. They are removed when the command is finished. | |
| 494 | |
| 495 If the 'ruler' option is set, the current cursor position is shown in the | |
| 496 last line of the screen. | |
| 497 | |
| 498 "U" still works after having moved off the last changed line and after "u". | |
| 499 | |
| 500 Characters with the 8th bit set are displayed. The characters between '~' and | |
| 501 0xa0 are displayed as "~?", "~@", "~A", etc., unless they are included in the | |
| 502 'isprint' option. | |
| 503 | |
| 504 "][" goes to the next ending of a C function ('}' in column 1). | |
| 505 "[]" goes to the previous ending of a C function ('}' in column 1). | |
| 506 | |
| 507 "]f", "[f" and "gf" start editing the file whose name is under the cursor. | |
| 508 CTRL-W f splits the window and starts editing the file whose name is under | |
| 509 the cursor. | |
| 510 | |
| 511 "*" searches forward for the identifier under the cursor, "#" backward. | |
| 512 "K" runs the program defined by the 'keywordprg' option, with the identifier | |
| 513 under the cursor as argument. | |
| 514 | |
| 515 "%" can be preceded with a count. The cursor jumps to the line that | |
| 516 percentage down in the file. The normal "%" function to jump to the matching | |
| 517 brace skips braces inside quotes. | |
| 518 | |
| 519 With the CTRL-] command, the cursor may be in the middle of the identifier. | |
| 520 | |
| 521 The used tags are remembered. Commands that can be used with the tag stack | |
| 522 are CTRL-T, ":pop" and ":tag". ":tags" lists the tag stack. | |
| 523 | |
| 524 The 'tags' option can be set to a list of tag file names. Thus multiple | |
| 525 tag files can be used. For file names that start with "./", the "./" is | |
| 526 replaced with the path of the current file. This makes it possible to use a | |
| 527 tags file in the same directory as the file being edited. | |
| 528 | |
| 529 Previously used file names are remembered in the alternate file name list. | |
| 530 CTRL-^ accepts a count, which is an index in this list. | |
| 531 ":files" command shows the list of alternate file names. | |
| 532 "#<N>" is replaced with the <N>th alternate file name in the list. | |
| 533 "#<" is replaced with the current file name without extension. | |
| 534 | |
| 535 Search patterns have more features. The <NL> character is seen as part of the | |
| 536 search pattern and the substitute string of ":s". Vi sees it as the end of | |
| 537 the command. | |
| 538 | |
| 539 Searches can put the cursor on the end of a match and may include a character | |
| 540 offset. | |
| 541 | |
| 542 Count added to "~", ":next", ":Next", "n" and "N". | |
| 543 | |
| 544 The command ":next!" with 'autowrite' set does not write the file. In vi the | |
| 545 file was written, but this is considered to be a bug, because one does not | |
| 546 expect it and the file is not written with ":rewind!". | |
| 547 | |
| 548 In Vi when entering a <CR> in replace mode deletes a character only when 'ai' | |
| 549 is set (but does not show it until you hit <Esc>). Vim always deletes a | |
| 550 character (and shows it immediately). | |
| 551 | |
| 552 Added :wnext command. Same as ":write" followed by ":next". | |
| 553 | |
| 554 The ":w!" command always writes, also when the file is write protected. In Vi | |
| 5690 | 555 you would have to do ":!chmod +w %:S" and ":set noro". |
| 7 | 556 |
| 557 When 'tildeop' has been set, "~" is an operator (must be followed by a | |
| 558 movement command). | |
| 559 | |
| 560 With the "J" (join) command you can reset the 'joinspaces' option to have only | |
| 561 one space after a period (Vi inserts two spaces). | |
| 562 | |
| 563 "cw" can be used to change white space formed by several characters (Vi is | |
| 564 confusing: "cw" only changes one space, while "dw" deletes all white space). | |
| 565 | |
| 566 "o" and "O" accept a count for repeating the insert (Vi clears a part of | |
| 567 display). | |
| 568 | |
| 569 Flags after Ex commands not supported (no plans to include it). | |
| 570 | |
| 571 On non-UNIX systems ":cd" command shows current directory instead of going to | |
| 572 the home directory (there isn't one). ":pwd" prints the current directory on | |
| 573 all systems. | |
| 574 | |
| 575 After a ":cd" command the file names (in the argument list, opened files) | |
| 576 still point to the same files. In Vi ":cd" is not allowed in a changed file; | |
| 577 otherwise the meaning of file names change. | |
| 578 | |
| 579 ":source!" command reads Vi commands from a file. | |
| 580 | |
| 581 ":mkexrc" command writes current modified options and mappings to a ".exrc" | |
| 582 file. ":mkvimrc" writes to a ".vimrc" file. | |
| 583 | |
| 584 No check for "tail recursion" with mappings. This allows things like | |
| 585 ":map! foo ^]foo". | |
| 586 | |
| 587 When a mapping starts with number, vi loses the count typed before it (e.g. | |
| 588 when using the mapping ":map g 4G" the command "7g" goes to line 4). This is | |
| 589 considered a vi bug. Vim concatenates the counts (in the example it becomes | |
| 590 "74G"), as most people would expect. | |
| 591 | |
| 592 The :put! command inserts the contents of a register above the current line. | |
| 593 | |
| 594 The "p" and "P" commands of vi cannot be repeated with "." when the putted | |
| 595 text is less than a line. In Vim they can always be repeated. | |
| 596 | |
| 597 ":noremap" command can be used to enter a mapping that will not be remapped. | |
| 598 This is useful to exchange the meaning of two keys. ":cmap", ":cunmap" and | |
| 599 ":cnoremap" can be used for mapping in command-line editing only. ":imap", | |
| 600 ":iunmap" and ":inoremap" can be used for mapping in insert mode only. | |
| 601 Similar commands exist for abbreviations: ":noreabbrev", ":iabbrev" | |
| 602 ":cabbrev", ":iunabbrev", ":cunabbrev", ":inoreabbrev", ":cnoreabbrev". | |
| 603 | |
| 604 In Vi the command ":map foo bar" would remove a previous mapping | |
| 605 ":map bug foo". This is considered a bug, so it is not included in Vim. | |
| 606 ":unmap! foo" does remove ":map! bug foo", because unmapping would be very | |
| 607 difficult otherwise (this is vi compatible). | |
| 608 | |
| 609 The ':' register contains the last command-line. | |
| 610 The '%' register contains the current file name. | |
| 611 The '.' register contains the last inserted text. | |
| 612 | |
| 613 ":dis" command shows the contents of the yank registers. | |
| 614 | |
| 615 CTRL-O/CTRL-I can be used to jump to older/newer positions. These are the | |
| 616 same positions as used with the '' command, but may be in another file. The | |
| 617 ":jumps" command lists the older positions. | |
| 618 | |
| 619 If the 'shiftround' option is set, an indent is rounded to a multiple of | |
| 620 'shiftwidth' with ">" and "<" commands. | |
| 621 | |
| 622 The 'scrolljump' option can be set to the minimum number of lines to scroll | |
| 623 when the cursor gets off the screen. Use this when scrolling is slow. | |
| 624 | |
| 625 The 'scrolloff' option can be set to the minimum number of lines to keep | |
| 626 above and below the cursor. This gives some context to where you are | |
| 627 editing. When set to a large number the cursor line is always in the middle | |
| 628 of the window. | |
| 629 | |
| 630 Uppercase marks can be used to jump between files. The ":marks" command lists | |
| 631 all currently set marks. The commands "']" and "`]" jump to the end of the | |
| 632 previous operator or end of the text inserted with the put command. "'[" and | |
| 633 "`[" do jump to the start. | |
| 634 | |
| 635 The 'shelltype' option can be set to reflect the type of shell used on the | |
| 636 Amiga. | |
| 637 | |
| 638 The 'highlight' option can be set for the highlight mode to be used for | |
| 639 several commands. | |
| 640 | |
| 641 The CTRL-A (add) and CTRL-X (subtract) commands are new. The count to the | |
| 642 command (default 1) is added to/subtracted from the number at or after the | |
| 643 cursor. That number may be decimal, octal (starts with a '0') or hexadecimal | |
| 644 (starts with '0x'). Very useful in macros. | |
| 645 | |
| 646 With the :set command the prefix "inv" can be used to invert boolean options. | |
| 647 | |
| 648 In both Vi and Vim you can create a line break with the ":substitute" command | |
| 649 by using a CTRL-M. For Vi this means you cannot insert a real CTRL-M in the | |
| 650 text. With Vim you can put a real CTRL-M in the text by preceding it with a | |
| 651 CTRL-V. | |
| 652 | |
| 653 | |
| 654 In Insert mode: | |
| 655 | |
| 656 If the 'revins' option is set, insert happens backwards. This is for typing | |
| 657 Hebrew. When inserting normal characters the cursor will not be shifted and | |
| 658 the text moves rightwards. Backspace, CTRL-W and CTRL-U will also work in | |
| 659 the opposite direction. CTRL-B toggles the 'revins' option. In replace mode | |
| 660 'revins' has no effect. Only when enabled at compile time. | |
| 661 | |
| 662 The backspace key can be used just like CTRL-D to remove auto-indents. | |
| 663 | |
| 664 You can backspace, CTRL-U and CTRL-W over line breaks if the 'backspace' (bs) | |
| 665 option includes "eol". You can backspace over the start of insert if the | |
| 666 'backspace' option includes "start". | |
| 667 | |
| 3750 | 668 When the 'paste' option is set, a few options are reset and mapping in insert |
| 7 | 669 mode and abbreviation are disabled. This allows for pasting text in windowing |
| 670 systems without unexpected results. When the 'paste' option is reset, the old | |
| 671 option values are restored. | |
| 672 | |
| 673 CTRL-T/CTRL-D always insert/delete an indent in the current line, no matter | |
| 674 what column the cursor is in. | |
| 675 | |
| 676 CTRL-@ (insert previously inserted text) works always (Vi: only when typed as | |
| 677 first character). | |
| 678 | |
| 679 CTRL-A works like CTRL-@ but does not leave insert mode. | |
| 680 | |
| 681 CTRL-R {0-9a-z..} can be used to insert the contents of a register. | |
| 682 | |
| 683 When the 'smartindent' option is set, C programs will be better auto-indented. | |
| 684 With 'cindent' even more. | |
| 685 | |
| 686 CTRL-Y and CTRL-E can be used to copy a character from above/below the | |
| 687 current cursor position. | |
| 688 | |
| 689 After CTRL-V you can enter a three digit decimal number. This byte value is | |
| 690 inserted in the text as a single character. Useful for international | |
| 691 characters that are not on your keyboard. | |
| 692 | |
| 693 When the 'expandtab' (et) option is set, a <Tab> is expanded to the | |
| 694 appropriate number of spaces. | |
| 695 | |
| 696 The window always reflects the contents of the buffer (Vi does not do this | |
| 697 when changing text and in some other cases). | |
| 698 | |
| 699 If Vim is compiled with DIGRAPHS defined, digraphs are supported. A set of | |
| 700 normal digraphs is included. They are shown with the ":digraph" command. | |
| 701 More can be added with ":digraph {char1}{char2} {number}". A digraph is | |
| 702 entered with "CTRL-K {char1} {char2}" or "{char1} BS {char2}" (only when | |
| 703 'digraph' option is set). | |
| 704 | |
| 705 When repeating an insert, e.g. "10atest <Esc>" vi would only handle wrapmargin | |
| 706 for the first insert. Vim does it for all. | |
| 707 | |
| 708 A count to the "i" or "a" command is used for all the text. Vi uses the count | |
| 709 only for one line. "3iabc<NL>def<Esc>" would insert "abcabcabc<NL>def" in Vi | |
| 710 but "abc<NL>defabc<NL>defabc<NL>def" in Vim. | |
| 711 | |
| 712 | |
| 713 In Command-line mode: | |
| 714 | |
| 235 | 715 <Esc> terminates the command-line without executing it. In vi the command |
| 7 | 716 line would be executed, which is not what most people expect (hitting <Esc> |
| 717 should always get you back to command mode). To avoid problems with some | |
| 718 obscure macros, an <Esc> in a macro will execute the command. If you want a | |
| 719 typed <Esc> to execute the command like vi does you can fix this with | |
| 720 ":cmap ^V<Esc> ^V<CR>" | |
| 721 | |
| 722 General: | |
| 723 | |
| 724 The 'ttimeout' option is like 'timeout', but only works for cursor and | |
| 725 function keys, not for ordinary mapped characters. The 'timeoutlen' option | |
| 726 gives the number of milliseconds that is waited for. If the 'esckeys' option | |
| 727 is not set, cursor and function keys that start with <Esc> are not recognized | |
| 728 in insert mode. | |
| 729 | |
| 730 There is an option for each terminal string. Can be used when termcap is not | |
| 731 supported or to change individual strings. | |
| 732 | |
| 733 The 'fileformat' option can be set to select the <EOL>: "dos" <CR><NL>, "unix" | |
| 734 <NL> or "mac" <CR>. | |
| 735 When the 'fileformats' option is not empty, Vim tries to detect the type of | |
| 736 <EOL> automatically. The 'fileformat' option is set accordingly. | |
| 737 | |
| 738 On systems that have no job control (older Unix systems and non-Unix systems) | |
| 739 the CTRL-Z, ":stop" or ":suspend" command starts a new shell. | |
| 740 | |
| 741 If Vim is started on the Amiga without an interactive window for output, a | |
| 742 window is opened (and :sh still works). You can give a device to use for | |
| 743 editing with the |-d| argument, e.g. "-d con:20/20/600/150". | |
| 744 | |
| 745 The 'columns' and 'lines' options are used to set or get the width and height | |
| 746 of the display. | |
| 747 | |
| 748 Option settings are read from the first and last few lines of the file. | |
| 749 Option 'modelines' determines how many lines are tried (default is 5). Note | |
| 750 that this is different from the Vi versions that can execute any Ex command | |
| 751 in a modeline (a major security problem). |trojan-horse| | |
| 752 | |
| 753 If the 'insertmode' option is set (e.g. in .exrc), Vim starts in insert mode. | |
| 754 And it comes back there, when pressing <Esc>. | |
| 755 | |
| 756 Undo information is kept in memory. Available memory limits the number and | |
| 757 size of change that can be undone. This may be a problem with MS-DOS, is | |
| 758 hardly a problem on the Amiga and almost never with Unix and Win32. | |
| 759 | |
| 760 If the 'backup' or 'writebackup' option is set: Before a file is overwritten, | |
| 761 a backup file (.bak) is made. If the "backup" option is set it is left | |
| 762 behind. | |
| 763 | |
| 764 Vim creates a file ending in ".swp" to store parts of the file that have been | |
| 765 changed or that do not fit in memory. This file can be used to recover from | |
| 766 an aborted editing session with "vim -r file". Using the swap file can be | |
| 767 switched off by setting the 'updatecount' option to 0 or starting Vim with | |
| 768 the "-n" option. Use the 'directory' option for placing the .swp file | |
| 769 somewhere else. | |
| 770 | |
| 771 Vim is able to work correctly on filesystems with 8.3 file names, also when | |
| 772 using messydos or crossdos filesystems on the Amiga, or any 8.3 mounted | |
| 773 filesystem under Unix. See |'shortname'|. | |
| 774 | |
| 775 Error messages are shown at least one second (Vi overwrites error messages). | |
| 776 | |
| 777 If Vim gives the |hit-enter| prompt, you can hit any key. Characters other | |
| 778 than <CR>, <NL> and <Space> are interpreted as the (start of) a command. (Vi | |
| 779 only accepts a command starting with ':'). | |
| 780 | |
| 781 The contents of the numbered and unnamed registers is remembered when | |
| 782 changing files. | |
| 783 | |
| 784 The "No lines in buffer" message is a normal message instead of an error | |
| 785 message, since that may cause a mapping to be aborted. | |
| 786 | |
| 787 The AUX: device of the Amiga is supported. | |
| 788 | |
| 789 ============================================================================== | |
| 790 6. Command-line arguments *cmdline-arguments* | |
| 791 | |
| 792 Different versions of Vi have different command-line arguments. This can be | |
| 793 confusing. To help you, this section gives an overview of the differences. | |
| 794 | |
| 795 Five variants of Vi will be considered here: | |
| 796 Elvis Elvis version 2.1b | |
| 797 Nvi Nvi version 1.79 | |
| 798 Posix Posix 1003.2 | |
| 799 Vi Vi version 3.7 (for Sun 4.1.x) | |
| 800 Vile Vile version 7.4 (incomplete) | |
| 801 Vim Vim version 5.2 | |
| 802 | |
| 803 Only Vim is able to accept options in between and after the file names. | |
| 804 | |
| 805 +{command} Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vi, Vim: Same as "-c {command}". | |
| 806 | |
| 807 - Nvi, Posix, Vi: Run Ex in batch mode. | |
| 808 Vim: Read file from stdin (use -s for batch mode). | |
| 809 | |
| 810 -- Vim: End of options, only file names are following. | |
| 811 | |
| 812 --cmd {command} Vim: execute {command} before sourcing vimrc files. | |
| 813 | |
| 814 --echo-wid Vim: GTK+ echoes the Window ID on stdout | |
| 815 | |
| 816 --help Vim: show help message and exit. | |
| 817 | |
| 818 --literal Vim: take file names literally, don't expand wildcards. | |
| 819 | |
| 820 --nofork Vim: same as |-f| | |
| 821 | |
| 822 --noplugin[s] Vim: Skip loading plugins. | |
| 823 | |
| 824 --remote Vim: edit the files in another Vim server | |
| 825 | |
| 826 --remote-expr {expr} Vim: evaluate {expr} in another Vim server | |
| 827 | |
| 828 --remote-send {keys} Vim: send {keys} to a Vim server and exit | |
| 829 | |
| 830 --remote-silent {file} Vim: edit the files in another Vim server if possible | |
| 831 | |
| 832 --remote-wait Vim: edit the files in another Vim server and wait for it | |
| 833 | |
| 834 --remote-wait-silent Vim: like --remote-wait, no complaints if not possible | |
| 835 | |
| 836 --role {role} Vim: GTK+ 2: set role of main window | |
| 837 | |
| 838 --serverlist Vim: Output a list of Vim servers and exit | |
| 839 | |
| 840 --servername {name} Vim: Specify Vim server name | |
| 841 | |
| 842 --socketid {id} Vim: GTK window socket to run Vim in | |
| 843 | |
| 1376 | 844 --windowid {id} Vim: Win32 window ID to run Vim in |
| 845 | |
| 7 | 846 --version Vim: show version message and exit. |
| 847 | |
| 848 -? Vile: print usage summary and exit. | |
| 849 | |
| 850 -a Elvis: Load all specified file names into a window (use -o for | |
| 851 Vim). | |
| 852 | |
| 853 -A Vim: Start in Arabic mode (when compiled with Arabic). | |
| 854 | |
| 855 -b {blksize} Elvis: Use {blksize} blocksize for the session file. | |
| 856 -b Vim: set 'binary' mode. | |
| 857 | |
| 858 -C Vim: Compatible mode. | |
| 859 | |
| 860 -c {command} Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vim: run {command} as an Ex command after | |
| 861 loading the edit buffer. | |
| 862 Vim: allow up to 10 "-c" arguments | |
| 863 | |
| 864 -d {device} Vim: Use {device} for I/O (Amiga only). {only when compiled | |
| 865 without the |+diff| feature} | |
| 866 -d Vim: start with 'diff' set. |vimdiff| | |
| 867 | |
| 868 -dev {device} Vim: Use {device} for I/O (Amiga only). | |
| 869 | |
| 870 -D Vim: debug mode. | |
| 871 | |
| 872 -e Elvis, Nvi, Vim: Start in Ex mode, as if the executable is | |
| 873 called "ex". | |
| 874 | |
| 875 -E Vim: Start in improved Ex mode |gQ|, like "exim". | |
| 876 | |
| 877 -f Vim: Run GUI in foreground (Amiga: don't open new window). | |
| 878 -f {session} Elvis: Use {session} as the session file. | |
| 879 | |
| 880 -F Vim: Start in Farsi mode (when compiled with Farsi). | |
| 881 Nvi: Fast start, don't read the entire file when editing | |
| 882 starts. | |
| 883 | |
| 884 -G {gui} Elvis: Use the {gui} as user interface. | |
| 885 | |
| 886 -g Vim: Start GUI. | |
| 887 -g N Vile: start editing at line N | |
| 888 | |
| 889 -h Vim: Give help message. | |
| 890 Vile: edit the help file | |
| 891 | |
| 892 -H Vim: start Hebrew mode (when compiled with it). | |
| 893 | |
| 894 -i Elvis: Start each window in Insert mode. | |
| 895 -i {viminfo} Vim: Use {viminfo} for viminfo file. | |
| 896 | |
| 897 -L Vim: Same as "-r" (also in some versions of Vi). | |
| 898 | |
| 899 -l Nvi, Vi, Vim: Set 'lisp' and 'showmatch' options. | |
| 900 | |
| 901 -m Vim: Modifications not allowed to be written, resets 'write' | |
| 902 option. | |
| 903 | |
| 904 -M Vim: Modifications not allowed, resets 'modifiable' and the | |
| 905 'write' option. | |
| 906 | |
| 907 -N Vim: No-compatible mode. | |
| 908 | |
| 909 -n Vim: No swap file used. | |
| 910 | |
| 911 -nb[args] Vim: open a NetBeans interface connection | |
| 912 | |
| 913 -O[N] Vim: Like -o, but use vertically split windows. | |
| 914 | |
| 915 -o[N] Vim: Open [N] windows, or one for each file. | |
| 916 | |
| 827 | 917 -p[N] Vim: Open [N] tab pages, or one for each file. |
| 918 | |
| 7 | 919 -P {parent-title} Win32 Vim: open Vim inside a parent application window |
| 920 | |
| 921 -q {name} Vim: Use {name} for quickfix error file. | |
| 922 -q{name} Vim: Idem. | |
| 923 | |
| 924 -R Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vile, Vim: Set the 'readonly' option. | |
| 925 | |
| 926 -r Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vi, Vim: Recovery mode. | |
| 927 | |
| 928 -S Nvi: Set 'secure' option. | |
| 929 -S {script} Vim: source script after starting up. | |
| 930 | |
| 931 -s Nvi, Posix, Vim: Same as "-" (silent mode), when in Ex mode. | |
| 932 Elvis: Sets the 'safer' option. | |
| 933 -s {scriptin} Vim: Read from script file {scriptin}; only when not in Ex | |
| 934 mode. | |
| 935 -s {pattern} Vile: search for {pattern} | |
| 936 | |
| 937 -t {tag} Elvis, Nvi, Posix, Vi, Vim: Edit the file containing {tag}. | |
| 938 -t{tag} Vim: Idem. | |
| 939 | |
| 940 -T {term} Vim: Set terminal name to {term}. | |
| 941 | |
| 942 -u {vimrc} Vim: Read initializations from {vimrc} file. | |
| 943 | |
| 944 -U {gvimrc} Vim: Read GUI initializations from {gvimrc} file. | |
| 945 | |
| 946 -v Nvi, Posix, Vi, Vim: Begin in Normal mode (visual mode, in Vi | |
| 947 terms). | |
| 948 Vile: View mode, no changes possible. | |
| 949 | |
| 950 -V Elvis, Vim: Verbose mode. | |
| 951 -V{nr} Vim: Verbose mode with specified level. | |
| 952 | |
| 953 -w {size} Elvis, Posix, Nvi, Vi, Vim: Set value of 'window' to {size}. | |
| 954 -w{size} Nvi, Vi: Same as "-w {size}". | |
| 955 -w {name} Vim: Write to script file {name} (must start with non-digit). | |
| 956 | |
| 957 -W {name} Vim: Append to script file {name}. | |
| 958 | |
| 959 -x Vi, Vim: Ask for encryption key. See |encryption|. | |
| 960 | |
| 961 -X Vim: Don't connect to the X server. | |
| 962 | |
| 963 -y Vim: Start in easy mode, like |evim|. | |
| 964 | |
| 965 -Z Vim: restricted mode | |
| 966 | |
| 967 @{cmdfile} Vile: use {cmdfile} as startup file. | |
| 968 | |
| 160 | 969 ============================================================================== |
| 164 | 970 7. POSIX compliance *posix* *posix-compliance* |
| 160 | 971 |
| 1118 | 972 In 2005 the POSIX test suite was run to check the compatibility of Vim. Most |
| 164 | 973 of the test was executed properly. There are the few things where Vim |
| 166 | 974 is not POSIX compliant, even when run in Vi compatibility mode. |
|
8061
abd64cf67bcf
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/38a55639d603823efcf2d2fdf542dbffdeb60b75
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
7228
diff
changeset
|
975 *$VIM_POSIX* |
| 164 | 976 Set the $VIM_POSIX environment variable to have 'cpoptions' include the POSIX |
| 977 flags when Vim starts up. This makes Vim run as POSIX as it can. That's | |
| 166 | 978 a bit different from being Vi compatible. |
| 164 | 979 |
| 980 This is where Vim does not behave as POSIX specifies and why: | |
| 981 | |
| 160 | 982 *posix-screen-size* |
| 164 | 983 The $COLUMNS and $LINES environment variables are ignored by Vim if |
| 984 the size can be obtained from the terminal in a more reliable way. | |
| 985 Add the '|' flag to 'cpoptions' to have $COLUMNS and $LINES overrule | |
| 986 sizes obtained in another way. | |
| 160 | 987 |
| 164 | 988 The "{" and "}" commands don't stop at a "{" in the original Vi, but |
| 989 POSIX specifies it does. Add the '{' flag to 'cpoptions' if you want | |
| 990 it the POSIX way. | |
| 991 | |
| 992 The "D", "o" and "O" commands accept a count. Also when repeated. | |
| 993 Add the '#' flag to 'cpoptions' if you want to ignore the count. | |
| 160 | 994 |
| 166 | 995 The ":cd" command fails if the current buffer is modified when the '.' |
| 996 flag is present in 'cpoptions'. | |
| 997 | |
| 998 There is no ATTENTION message, the "A" flag is added to 'shortmess'. | |
| 999 | |
| 1000 These are remarks about running the POSIX test suite: | |
| 1001 - vi test 33 sometimes fails for unknown reasons | |
| 1002 - vi test 250 fails; behavior will be changed in a new revision | |
| 1003 http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag-review/msg01710.html | |
|
2608
7d8af31066c8
Updated runtime files and translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
1004 (link no longer works, perhaps it's now: |
|
7d8af31066c8
Updated runtime files and translations.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2596
diff
changeset
|
1005 https://www.opengroup.org/sophocles/show_mail.tpl?CALLER=show_archive.tpl&source=L&listname=austin-review-l&id=1711) |
| 166 | 1006 - vi test 310 fails; exit code non-zero when any error occurred? |
| 1007 - ex test 24 fails because test is wrong. Changed between SUSv2 and SUSv3. | |
| 1008 - ex tests 47, 48, 49, 72, 73 fail because .exrc file isn't read in silent | |
| 1009 mode and $EXINIT isn't used. | |
| 1010 - ex tests 76, 78 fail because echo is used instead of printf. (fixed) | |
| 1011 Also: problem with \s not changed to space. | |
| 1012 - ex test 355 fails because 'window' isn't used for "30z". | |
| 1013 - ex test 368 fails because shell command isn't echoed in silent mode. | |
| 1014 - ex test 394 fails because "=" command output isn't visible in silent mode. | |
| 1015 - ex test 411 fails because test file is wrong, contains stray ':'. | |
| 1016 - ex test 475 and 476 fail because reprint output isn't visible in silent mode. | |
| 1017 - ex test 480 and 481 fail because the tags file has spaces instead of a tab. | |
| 1018 - ex test 502 fails because .exrc isn't read in silent mode. | |
| 1019 - ex test 509 fails because .exrc isn't read in silent mode. and exit code is | |
| 1020 1 instead of 2. | |
| 1021 - ex test 534 fails because .exrc isn't read in silent mode. | |
| 1022 | |
| 160 | 1023 |
| 7 | 1024 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |