Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/tabpage.txt @ 19484:0af19002b9a6
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| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Sat, 22 Feb 2020 19:15:05 +0100 |
| parents | 7be3663e2f2b |
| children | 22583b9d4efd |
| rev | line source |
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| 19404 | 1 *tabpage.txt* For Vim version 8.2. Last change: 2020 Feb 06 |
| 674 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 675 | 7 Editing with windows in multiple tab pages. *tab-page* *tabpage* |
| 674 | 8 |
| 9 The commands which have been added to use multiple tab pages are explained | |
| 10 here. Additionally, there are explanations for commands that work differently | |
| 11 when used in combination with more than one tab page. | |
| 12 | |
| 678 | 13 1. Introduction |tab-page-intro| |
| 14 2. Commands |tab-page-commands| | |
| 15 3. Other items |tab-page-other| | |
| 16 4. Setting 'tabline' |setting-tabline| | |
| 686 | 17 5. Setting 'guitablabel' |setting-guitablabel| |
| 674 | 18 |
| 19 {not able to use multiple tab pages when the |+windows| feature was disabled | |
| 20 at compile time} | |
| 21 | |
| 22 ============================================================================== | |
| 23 1. Introduction *tab-page-intro* | |
| 24 | |
| 25 A tab page holds one or more windows. You can easily switch between tab | |
| 26 pages, so that you have several collections of windows to work on different | |
| 27 things. | |
| 28 | |
| 29 Usually you will see a list of labels at the top of the Vim window, one for | |
| 30 each tab page. With the mouse you can click on the label to jump to that tab | |
| 31 page. There are other ways to move between tab pages, see below. | |
| 32 | |
| 33 Most commands work only in the current tab page. That includes the |CTRL-W| | |
| 698 | 34 commands, |:windo|, |:all| and |:ball| (when not using the |:tab| modifier). |
| 35 The commands that are aware of other tab pages than the current one are | |
| 36 mentioned below. | |
| 674 | 37 |
| 38 Tabs are also a nice way to edit a buffer temporarily without changing the | |
| 39 current window layout. Open a new tab page, do whatever you want to do and | |
| 40 close the tab page. | |
| 41 | |
| 42 ============================================================================== | |
| 43 2. Commands *tab-page-commands* | |
| 44 | |
| 45 OPENING A NEW TAB PAGE: | |
| 46 | |
| 47 When starting Vim "vim -p filename ..." opens each file argument in a separate | |
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48 tab page (up to 'tabpagemax'). See |-p| |
| 674 | 49 |
| 706 | 50 A double click with the mouse in the non-GUI tab pages line opens a new, empty |
| 51 tab page. It is placed left of the position of the click. The first click | |
| 52 may select another tab page first, causing an extra screen update. | |
| 53 | |
| 844 | 54 This also works in a few GUI versions, esp. Win32 and Motif. But only when |
| 55 clicking right of the labels. | |
| 56 | |
| 706 | 57 In the GUI tab pages line you can use the right mouse button to open menu. |
| 58 |tabline-menu|. | |
| 682 | 59 |
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60 For the related autocommands see |tabnew-autocmd|. |
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61 |
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62 :[count]tabe[dit] *:tabe* *:tabedit* *:tabnew* |
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63 :[count]tabnew |
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64 Open a new tab page with an empty window, after the current |
| 6398 | 65 tab page. If [count] is given the new tab page appears after |
| 66 the tab page [count] otherwise the new tab page will appear | |
| 67 after the current one. > | |
| 68 :tabnew " opens tabpage after the current one | |
| 69 :.tabnew " as above | |
| 70 :+tabnew " opens tabpage after the next tab page | |
| 71 " note: it is one further than :tabnew | |
| 72 :-tabnew " opens tabpage before the current one | |
| 73 :0tabnew " opens tabpage before the first one | |
| 74 :$tabnew " opens tabpage after the last one | |
| 674 | 75 |
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76 :[count]tabe[dit] [++opt] [+cmd] {file} |
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77 :[count]tabnew [++opt] [+cmd] {file} |
| 674 | 78 Open a new tab page and edit {file}, like with |:edit|. |
| 6398 | 79 For [count] see |:tabnew| above. |
| 674 | 80 |
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81 :[count]tabf[ind] [++opt] [+cmd] {file} *:tabf* *:tabfind* |
| 674 | 82 Open a new tab page and edit {file} in 'path', like with |
| 6398 | 83 |:find|. For [count] see |:tabnew| above. |
| 674 | 84 {not available when the |+file_in_path| feature was disabled |
| 85 at compile time} | |
| 86 | |
| 682 | 87 :[count]tab {cmd} *:tab* |
| 88 Execute {cmd} and when it opens a new window open a new tab | |
| 1118 | 89 page instead. Doesn't work for |:diffsplit|, |:diffpatch|, |
| 90 |:execute| and |:normal|. | |
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91 If [count] is given the new tab page appears after the tab |
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92 page [count] otherwise the new tab page will appear after the |
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93 current one. |
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94 Examples: > |
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95 :tab split " opens current buffer in new tab page |
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96 :tab help gt " opens tab page with help for "gt" |
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97 :.tab help gt " as above |
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98 :+tab help " opens tab page with help after the next |
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99 " tab page |
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100 :-tab help " opens tab page with help before the |
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101 " current one |
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102 :0tab help " opens tab page with help before the |
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103 " first one |
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104 :$tab help " opens tab page with help after the last |
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105 " one |
| 682 | 106 |
| 820 | 107 CTRL-W gf Open a new tab page and edit the file name under the cursor. |
| 108 See |CTRL-W_gf|. | |
| 109 | |
| 839 | 110 CTRL-W gF Open a new tab page and edit the file name under the cursor |
| 111 and jump to the line number following the file name. | |
| 112 See |CTRL-W_gF|. | |
| 674 | 113 |
| 114 CLOSING A TAB PAGE: | |
| 115 | |
| 682 | 116 Closing the last window of a tab page closes the tab page too, unless there is |
| 117 only one tab page. | |
| 674 | 118 |
| 119 Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in the "X" at | |
| 682 | 120 the top right to close the current tab page. A custom |'tabline'| may show |
| 121 something else. | |
| 674 | 122 |
| 123 *:tabc* *:tabclose* | |
| 124 :tabc[lose][!] Close current tab page. | |
| 125 This command fails when: | |
| 126 - There is only one tab page on the screen. *E784* | |
| 127 - When 'hidden' is not set, [!] is not used, a buffer has | |
| 128 changes, and there is no other window on this buffer. | |
| 129 Changes to the buffer are not written and won't get lost, so | |
| 6398 | 130 this is a "safe" command. > |
| 131 :tabclose " close the current tab page | |
| 674 | 132 |
| 6398 | 133 :{count}tabc[lose][!] |
| 674 | 134 :tabc[lose][!] {count} |
| 3750 | 135 Close tab page {count}. Fails in the same way as `:tabclose` |
| 6398 | 136 above. > |
| 137 :-tabclose " close the previous tab page | |
| 138 :+tabclose " close the next tab page | |
| 139 :1tabclose " close the first tab page | |
| 140 :$tabclose " close the last tab page | |
| 19404 | 141 :tabclose -2 " close the 2nd previous tab page |
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142 :tabclose + " close the next tab page |
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143 :tabclose 3 " close the third tab page |
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144 :tabclose $ " close the last tab page |
| 6398 | 145 < |
| 674 | 146 *:tabo* *:tabonly* |
| 147 :tabo[nly][!] Close all other tab pages. | |
| 148 When the 'hidden' option is set, all buffers in closed windows | |
| 149 become hidden. | |
| 150 When 'hidden' is not set, and the 'autowrite' option is set, | |
| 151 modified buffers are written. Otherwise, windows that have | |
| 152 buffers that are modified are not removed, unless the [!] is | |
| 153 given, then they become hidden. But modified buffers are | |
| 6398 | 154 never abandoned, so changes cannot get lost. > |
| 155 :tabonly " close all tab pages except the current | |
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156 " one |
| 6398 | 157 |
| 158 :{count}tabo[nly][!] | |
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159 :tabo[nly][!] {count} |
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160 Close all tab pages except {count} one. > |
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161 :.tabonly " as above |
| 6398 | 162 :-tabonly " close all tab pages except the previous |
| 163 " one | |
| 164 :+tabonly " close all tab pages except the next one | |
| 165 :1tabonly " close all tab pages except the first one | |
| 166 :$tabonly " close all tab pages except the last one | |
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167 :tabonly - " close all tab pages except the previous |
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168 " one |
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169 :tabonly +2 " close all tab pages except the two next |
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170 " one |
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171 :tabonly 1 " close all tab pages except the first one |
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172 :tabonly $ " close all tab pages except the last one |
| 674 | 173 |
| 174 | |
| 175 SWITCHING TO ANOTHER TAB PAGE: | |
| 176 | |
| 177 Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in a tab page | |
| 682 | 178 label to switch to that tab page. Click where there is no label to go to the |
| 179 next tab page. |'tabline'| | |
| 674 | 180 |
| 819 | 181 :tabn[ext] *:tabn* *:tabnext* *gt* |
| 1118 | 182 <C-PageDown> *CTRL-<PageDown>* *<C-PageDown>* |
| 183 gt *i_CTRL-<PageDown>* *i_<C-PageDown>* | |
| 828 | 184 Go to the next tab page. Wraps around from the last to the |
| 674 | 185 first one. |
| 186 | |
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187 :{count}tabn[ext] |
| 1118 | 188 :tabn[ext] {count} |
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189 Go to tab page {count}. The first tab page has number one. > |
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190 :-tabnext " go to the previous tab page |
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191 :+tabnext " go to the next tab page |
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192 :+2tabnext " go to the two next tab page |
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193 :1tabnext " go to the first tab page |
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194 :$tabnext " go to the last tab page |
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195 :tabnext $ " as above |
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196 :tabnext - " go to the previous tab page |
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197 :tabnext -1 " as above |
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198 :tabnext + " go to the next tab page |
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199 :tabnext +1 " as above |
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200 |
| 1118 | 201 {count}<C-PageDown> |
| 202 {count}gt Go to tab page {count}. The first tab page has number one. | |
| 674 | 203 |
| 204 | |
| 1118 | 205 :tabp[revious] *:tabp* *:tabprevious* *gT* *:tabN* |
| 206 :tabN[ext] *:tabNext* *CTRL-<PageUp>* | |
| 207 <C-PageUp> *<C-PageUp>* *i_CTRL-<PageUp>* *i_<C-PageUp>* | |
| 682 | 208 gT Go to the previous tab page. Wraps around from the first one |
| 209 to the last one. | |
| 210 | |
| 211 :tabp[revious] {count} | |
| 212 :tabN[ext] {count} | |
| 1118 | 213 {count}<C-PageUp> |
| 682 | 214 {count}gT Go {count} tab pages back. Wraps around from the first one |
| 14006 | 215 to the last one. Note that the use of {count} is different |
| 216 from |:tabnext|, where it is used as the tab page number. | |
| 682 | 217 |
| 685 | 218 :tabr[ewind] *:tabfir* *:tabfirst* *:tabr* *:tabrewind* |
| 686 | 219 :tabfir[st] Go to the first tab page. |
| 685 | 220 |
| 221 *:tabl* *:tablast* | |
| 222 :tabl[ast] Go to the last tab page. | |
| 223 | |
| 682 | 224 |
| 674 | 225 Other commands: |
| 226 *:tabs* | |
| 682 | 227 :tabs List the tab pages and the windows they contain. |
| 228 Shows a ">" for the current window. | |
| 229 Shows a "+" for modified buffers. | |
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230 For example: |
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231 Tab page 1 ~ |
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232 + tabpage.txt ~ |
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233 ex_docmd.c ~ |
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234 Tab page 2 ~ |
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235 > main.c ~ |
| 682 | 236 |
| 237 | |
| 238 REORDERING TAB PAGES: | |
| 239 | |
| 843 | 240 :tabm[ove] [N] *:tabm* *:tabmove* |
| 3662 | 241 :[N]tabm[ove] |
| 843 | 242 Move the current tab page to after tab page N. Use zero to |
| 14519 | 243 make the current tab page the first one. N is counted before |
| 244 the move, thus if the second tab is the current one, | |
| 14637 | 245 `:tabmove 1` and `:tabmove 2` have no effect. |
| 14519 | 246 Without N the tab page is made the last one. > |
| 6775 | 247 :.tabmove " do nothing |
| 6398 | 248 :-tabmove " move the tab page to the left |
| 6775 | 249 :+tabmove " move the tab page to the right |
| 6474 | 250 :0tabmove " move the tab page to the beginning of the tab |
| 6398 | 251 " list |
| 6775 | 252 :tabmove 0 " as above |
| 253 :tabmove " move the tab page to the last | |
| 254 :$tabmove " as above | |
| 255 :tabmove $ " as above | |
| 674 | 256 |
| 3662 | 257 :tabm[ove] +[N] |
| 258 :tabm[ove] -[N] | |
| 259 Move the current tab page N places to the right (with +) or to | |
| 6775 | 260 the left (with -). > |
| 261 :tabmove - " move the tab page to the left | |
| 262 :tabmove -1 " as above | |
| 263 :tabmove + " move the tab page to the right | |
| 264 :tabmove +1 " as above | |
| 265 | |
| 3662 | 266 |
| 267 Note that although it is possible to move a tab behind the N-th one by using | |
| 6775 | 268 :Ntabmove. And move it by N places by using :+Ntabmove. For clarification what |
| 269 +N means in this context see |[range]|. | |
| 3662 | 270 |
| 685 | 271 |
| 272 LOOPING OVER TAB PAGES: | |
| 273 | |
| 274 *:tabd* *:tabdo* | |
| 6474 | 275 :[range]tabd[o] {cmd} |
| 276 Execute {cmd} in each tab page or if [range] is given only in | |
| 277 tab pages which tab page number is in the [range]. It works | |
| 278 like doing this: > | |
| 685 | 279 :tabfirst |
| 280 :{cmd} | |
| 281 :tabnext | |
| 282 :{cmd} | |
| 283 etc. | |
| 284 < This only operates in the current window of each tab page. | |
| 285 When an error is detected on one tab page, further tab pages | |
| 286 will not be visited. | |
| 287 The last tab page (or where an error occurred) becomes the | |
| 288 current tab page. | |
| 289 {cmd} can contain '|' to concatenate several commands. | |
| 290 {cmd} must not open or close tab pages or reorder them. | |
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291 Also see |:windo|, |:argdo|, |:bufdo|, |:cdo|, |:ldo|, |:cfdo| |
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292 and |:lfdo| |
| 685 | 293 |
| 674 | 294 ============================================================================== |
| 295 3. Other items *tab-page-other* | |
| 296 | |
| 706 | 297 *tabline-menu* |
| 298 The GUI tab pages line has a popup menu. It is accessed with a right click. | |
| 299 The entries are: | |
| 300 Close Close the tab page under the mouse pointer. The | |
| 301 current one if there is no label under the mouse | |
| 302 pointer. | |
| 303 New Tab Open a tab page, editing an empty buffer. It appears | |
| 304 to the left of the mouse pointer. | |
| 1118 | 305 Open Tab... Like "New Tab" and additionally use a file selector to |
| 706 | 306 select a file to edit. |
| 307 | |
| 674 | 308 Diff mode works per tab page. You can see the diffs between several files |
| 309 within one tab page. Other tab pages can show differences between other | |
| 310 files. | |
| 311 | |
| 819 | 312 Variables local to a tab page start with "t:". |tabpage-variable| |
| 313 | |
| 824 | 314 Currently there is only one option local to a tab page: 'cmdheight'. |
| 315 | |
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316 *tabnew-autocmd* |
| 675 | 317 The TabLeave and TabEnter autocommand events can be used to do something when |
| 318 switching from one tab page to another. The exact order depends on what you | |
| 319 are doing. When creating a new tab page this works as if you create a new | |
| 320 window on the same buffer and then edit another buffer. Thus ":tabnew" | |
| 321 triggers: | |
| 322 WinLeave leave current window | |
| 323 TabLeave leave current tab page | |
| 6474 | 324 WinEnter enter window in new tab page |
| 675 | 325 TabEnter enter new tab page |
| 326 BufLeave leave current buffer | |
| 327 BufEnter enter new empty buffer | |
| 328 | |
| 678 | 329 When switching to another tab page the order is: |
| 675 | 330 BufLeave |
| 331 WinLeave | |
| 332 TabLeave | |
| 333 TabEnter | |
| 334 WinEnter | |
| 335 BufEnter | |
| 674 | 336 |
| 678 | 337 ============================================================================== |
| 338 4. Setting 'tabline' *setting-tabline* | |
| 339 | |
| 686 | 340 The 'tabline' option specifies what the line with tab pages labels looks like. |
| 341 It is only used when there is no GUI tab line. | |
| 342 | |
| 678 | 343 You can use the 'showtabline' option to specify when you want the line with |
| 344 tab page labels to appear: never, when there is more than one tab page or | |
| 345 always. | |
| 346 | |
| 347 The highlighting of the tab pages line is set with the groups TabLine | |
| 348 TabLineSel and TabLineFill. |hl-TabLine| |hl-TabLineSel| |hl-TabLineFill| | |
| 349 | |
| 1118 | 350 A "+" will be shown for a tab page that has a modified window. The number of |
| 351 windows in a tabpage is also shown. Thus "3+" means three windows and one of | |
| 352 them has a modified buffer. | |
| 353 | |
| 678 | 354 The 'tabline' option allows you to define your preferred way to tab pages |
| 355 labels. This isn't easy, thus an example will be given here. | |
| 356 | |
| 357 For basics see the 'statusline' option. The same items can be used in the | |
| 358 'tabline' option. Additionally, the |tabpagebuflist()|, |tabpagenr()| and | |
| 359 |tabpagewinnr()| functions are useful. | |
| 360 | |
| 1118 | 361 Since the number of tab labels will vary, you need to use an expression for |
| 362 the whole option. Something like: > | |
| 678 | 363 :set tabline=%!MyTabLine() |
| 364 | |
| 365 Then define the MyTabLine() function to list all the tab pages labels. A | |
| 366 convenient method is to split it in two parts: First go over all the tab | |
| 367 pages and define labels for them. Then get the label for each tab page. > | |
| 368 | |
| 369 function MyTabLine() | |
| 370 let s = '' | |
| 371 for i in range(tabpagenr('$')) | |
| 681 | 372 " select the highlighting |
| 678 | 373 if i + 1 == tabpagenr() |
| 374 let s .= '%#TabLineSel#' | |
| 375 else | |
| 376 let s .= '%#TabLine#' | |
| 377 endif | |
| 681 | 378 |
| 379 " set the tab page number (for mouse clicks) | |
| 380 let s .= '%' . (i + 1) . 'T' | |
| 381 | |
| 382 " the label is made by MyTabLabel() | |
| 678 | 383 let s .= ' %{MyTabLabel(' . (i + 1) . ')} ' |
| 384 endfor | |
| 681 | 385 |
| 386 " after the last tab fill with TabLineFill and reset tab page nr | |
| 387 let s .= '%#TabLineFill#%T' | |
| 388 | |
| 389 " right-align the label to close the current tab page | |
| 390 if tabpagenr('$') > 1 | |
| 391 let s .= '%=%#TabLine#%999Xclose' | |
| 392 endif | |
| 393 | |
| 678 | 394 return s |
| 395 endfunction | |
| 396 | |
| 397 Now the MyTabLabel() function is called for each tab page to get its label. > | |
| 398 | |
| 399 function MyTabLabel(n) | |
| 400 let buflist = tabpagebuflist(a:n) | |
| 401 let winnr = tabpagewinnr(a:n) | |
| 402 return bufname(buflist[winnr - 1]) | |
| 403 endfunction | |
| 404 | |
| 405 This is just a simplistic example that results in a tab pages line that | |
| 406 resembles the default, but without adding a + for a modified buffer or | |
| 1118 | 407 truncating the names. You will want to reduce the width of labels in a |
| 678 | 408 clever way when there is not enough room. Check the 'columns' option for the |
| 681 | 409 space available. |
| 674 | 410 |
| 686 | 411 ============================================================================== |
| 412 5. Setting 'guitablabel' *setting-guitablabel* | |
| 413 | |
| 414 When the GUI tab pages line is displayed, 'guitablabel' can be used to | |
| 415 specify the label to display for each tab page. Unlike 'tabline', which | |
| 416 specifies the whole tab pages line at once, 'guitablabel' is used for each | |
| 417 label separately. | |
| 418 | |
| 839 | 419 'guitabtooltip' is very similar and is used for the tooltip of the same label. |
| 420 This only appears when the mouse pointer hovers over the label, thus it | |
| 421 usually is longer. Only supported on some systems though. | |
| 422 | |
| 686 | 423 See the 'statusline' option for the format of the value. |
| 424 | |
| 425 The "%N" item can be used for the current tab page number. The |v:lnum| | |
| 839 | 426 variable is also set to this number when the option is evaluated. |
| 690 | 427 The items that use a file name refer to the current window of the tab page. |
| 686 | 428 |
| 839 | 429 Note that syntax highlighting is not used for the option. The %T and %X |
| 690 | 430 items are also ignored. |
| 686 | 431 |
| 690 | 432 A simple example that puts the tab page number and the buffer name in the |
| 433 label: > | |
| 686 | 434 :set guitablabel=%N\ %f |
| 435 | |
| 839 | 436 An example that resembles the default 'guitablabel': Show the number of |
| 1118 | 437 windows in the tab page and a '+' if there is a modified buffer: > |
| 686 | 438 |
| 690 | 439 function GuiTabLabel() |
| 686 | 440 let label = '' |
| 441 let bufnrlist = tabpagebuflist(v:lnum) | |
| 442 | |
| 443 " Add '+' if one of the buffers in the tab page is modified | |
| 444 for bufnr in bufnrlist | |
| 445 if getbufvar(bufnr, "&modified") | |
| 446 let label = '+' | |
| 447 break | |
| 448 endif | |
| 449 endfor | |
| 450 | |
| 451 " Append the number of windows in the tab page if more than one | |
| 452 let wincount = tabpagewinnr(v:lnum, '$') | |
| 453 if wincount > 1 | |
| 454 let label .= wincount | |
| 455 endif | |
| 456 if label != '' | |
| 457 let label .= ' ' | |
| 458 endif | |
| 459 | |
| 460 " Append the buffer name | |
| 461 return label . bufname(bufnrlist[tabpagewinnr(v:lnum) - 1]) | |
| 462 endfunction | |
| 690 | 463 |
| 686 | 464 set guitablabel=%{GuiTabLabel()} |
| 690 | 465 |
| 466 Note that the function must be defined before setting the option, otherwise | |
| 467 you get an error message for the function not being known. | |
| 468 | |
| 857 | 469 If you want to fall back to the default label, return an empty string. |
| 470 | |
| 471 If you want to show something specific for a tab page, you might want to use a | |
| 472 tab page local variable. |t:var| | |
| 473 | |
| 686 | 474 |
| 14421 | 475 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |