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1 *tabpage.txt* For Vim version 7.0aa. Last change: 2006 Feb 25
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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7 Editing with windows in multiple tab pages. *tab-page* *tabpage*
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8
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9 The commands which have been added to use multiple tab pages are explained
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10 here. Additionally, there are explanations for commands that work differently
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11 when used in combination with more than one tab page.
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12
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13 1. Introduction |tab-page-intro|
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14 2. Commands |tab-page-commands|
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15 3. Other items |tab-page-other|
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16 4. Setting 'tabline' |setting-tabline|
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17 5. Setting 'guitablabel' |setting-guitablabel|
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18
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19 {Vi does not have any of these commands}
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20 {not able to use multiple tab pages when the |+windows| feature was disabled
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21 at compile time}
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22
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23 ==============================================================================
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24 1. Introduction *tab-page-intro*
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25
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26 A tab page holds one or more windows. You can easily switch between tab
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27 pages, so that you have several collections of windows to work on different
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28 things.
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29
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30 Usually you will see a list of labels at the top of the Vim window, one for
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31 each tab page. With the mouse you can click on the label to jump to that tab
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32 page. There are other ways to move between tab pages, see below.
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33
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34 Most commands work only in the current tab page. That includes the |CTRL-W|
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35 commands, |:windo|, |:all| and |:ball|. The commands that are aware of
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36 other tab pages than the current one are mentioned below.
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37
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38 Tabs are also a nice way to edit a buffer temporarily without changing the
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39 current window layout. Open a new tab page, do whatever you want to do and
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40 close the tab page.
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41
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42 ==============================================================================
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43 2. Commands *tab-page-commands*
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44
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45 OPENING A NEW TAB PAGE:
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46
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47 When starting Vim "vim -p filename ..." opens each file argument in a separate
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48 tab page (up to 10). |-p|
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49
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50 A double click with the mouse in the tab pages line opens a new, empty tab
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51 page. It is placed left of the position of the click. The first click may
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52 select another tab page first, causing an extra screen update.
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53
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54 :tabe[dit] *:tabe* *:tabedit* *:tabnew*
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55 :tabnew Open a new tab page with an empty window, after the current
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56 tab page.
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57
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58 :tabe[dit] [++opt] [+cmd] {file}
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59 :tabnew [++opt] [+cmd] {file}
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60 Open a new tab page and edit {file}, like with |:edit|.
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62 :tabf[ind] [++opt] [+cmd] {file} *:tabf* *:tabfind*
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63 Open a new tab page and edit {file} in 'path', like with
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64 |:find|.
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65 {not available when the |+file_in_path| feature was disabled
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66 at compile time}
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67
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68 :[count]tab {cmd} *:tab*
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69 Execute {cmd} and when it opens a new window open a new tab
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70 page instead. Doesn't work for |:diffsplit| or |:diffpatch|.
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71 When [count] is omitted the tab page appears after the current
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72 one. When [count] is specified the new tab page comes after
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73 tab page [count]. Use ":0tab cmd" to get the new tab page as
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74 the first one. Examples: >
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75 :tab split " opens current buffer in new tab page
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76 :tab help gt " opens tab page with help for "gt"
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77
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78
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79 CLOSING A TAB PAGE:
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80
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81 Closing the last window of a tab page closes the tab page too, unless there is
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82 only one tab page.
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83
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84 Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in the "X" at
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85 the top right to close the current tab page. A custom |'tabline'| may show
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86 something else.
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87
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88 *:tabc* *:tabclose*
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89 :tabc[lose][!] Close current tab page.
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90 This command fails when:
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91 - There is only one tab page on the screen. *E784*
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92 - When 'hidden' is not set, [!] is not used, a buffer has
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93 changes, and there is no other window on this buffer.
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94 Changes to the buffer are not written and won't get lost, so
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95 this is a "safe" command.
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96
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97 :tabc[lose][!] {count}
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98 Close tab page {count}. Fails in the same way as ':tabclose"
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99 above.
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100
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101 *:tabo* *:tabonly*
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102 :tabo[nly][!] Close all other tab pages.
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103 When the 'hidden' option is set, all buffers in closed windows
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104 become hidden.
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105 When 'hidden' is not set, and the 'autowrite' option is set,
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106 modified buffers are written. Otherwise, windows that have
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107 buffers that are modified are not removed, unless the [!] is
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108 given, then they become hidden. But modified buffers are
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109 never abandoned, so changes cannot get lost.
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110
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111
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112 SWITCHING TO ANOTHER TAB PAGE:
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113
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114 Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in a tab page
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115 label to switch to that tab page. Click where there is no label to go to the
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116 next tab page. |'tabline'|
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117
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118 :tabn[ext] *:tabn* *:tabnext* *gt*
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119 gt Go to the next tab page. Wraps around from the last to the
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120 first one.
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121
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122 :tabn[ext] {count}
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123 {count}gt Go to tab page {count}. The first tab page has number one.
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124
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125
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126 :tabp[revious] *:tabp* *:tabprevious* *gT*
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127 :tabN[ext] *:tabN* *:tabNext*
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128 gT Go to the previous tab page. Wraps around from the first one
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129 to the last one.
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130
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131 :tabp[revious] {count}
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132 :tabN[ext] {count}
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133 {count}gT Go {count} tab pages back. Wraps around from the first one
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134 to the last one.
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135
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136 :tabr[ewind] *:tabfir* *:tabfirst* *:tabr* *:tabrewind*
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137 :tabfir[st] Go to the first tab page.
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138
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139 *:tabl* *:tablast*
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140 :tabl[ast] Go to the last tab page.
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142
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143 Other commands:
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144 *:tabs*
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145 :tabs List the tab pages and the windows they contain.
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146 Shows a ">" for the current window.
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147 Shows a "+" for modified buffers.
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148
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149
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150 REORDERING TAB PAGES:
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151
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152 *:tabm* *:tabmove*
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153 :tabmove N Move the current tab page to after tab page N. Use zero to
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154 make the current tab page the first one. Without N the tab
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155 page is made the last one.
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157
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158 LOOPING OVER TAB PAGES:
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159
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160 *:tabd* *:tabdo*
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161 :tabd[o] {cmd} Execute {cmd} in each tab page.
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162 It works like doing this: >
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163 :tabfirst
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164 :{cmd}
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165 :tabnext
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166 :{cmd}
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167 etc.
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168 < This only operates in the current window of each tab page.
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169 When an error is detected on one tab page, further tab pages
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170 will not be visited.
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171 The last tab page (or where an error occurred) becomes the
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172 current tab page.
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173 {cmd} can contain '|' to concatenate several commands.
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174 {cmd} must not open or close tab pages or reorder them.
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175 {not in Vi} {not available when compiled without the
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176 |+listcmds| feature}
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177 Also see |:windo|, |:argdo| and |:bufdo|.
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178
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179 ==============================================================================
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180 3. Other items *tab-page-other*
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181
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182 Diff mode works per tab page. You can see the diffs between several files
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183 within one tab page. Other tab pages can show differences between other
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184 files.
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185
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186 The TabLeave and TabEnter autocommand events can be used to do something when
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187 switching from one tab page to another. The exact order depends on what you
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188 are doing. When creating a new tab page this works as if you create a new
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189 window on the same buffer and then edit another buffer. Thus ":tabnew"
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190 triggers:
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191 WinLeave leave current window
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192 TabLeave leave current tab page
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193 TabEnter enter new tab page
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194 WinEnter enter window in new tab page
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195 BufLeave leave current buffer
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196 BufEnter enter new empty buffer
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197
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198 When switching to another tab page the order is:
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199 BufLeave
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200 WinLeave
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201 TabLeave
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202 TabEnter
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203 WinEnter
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204 BufEnter
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205
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206 ==============================================================================
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207 4. Setting 'tabline' *setting-tabline*
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208
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209 The 'tabline' option specifies what the line with tab pages labels looks like.
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210 It is only used when there is no GUI tab line.
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211
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212 You can use the 'showtabline' option to specify when you want the line with
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213 tab page labels to appear: never, when there is more than one tab page or
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214 always.
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215
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216 The highlighting of the tab pages line is set with the groups TabLine
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217 TabLineSel and TabLineFill. |hl-TabLine| |hl-TabLineSel| |hl-TabLineFill|
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218
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219 The 'tabline' option allows you to define your preferred way to tab pages
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220 labels. This isn't easy, thus an example will be given here.
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221
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222 For basics see the 'statusline' option. The same items can be used in the
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223 'tabline' option. Additionally, the |tabpagebuflist()|, |tabpagenr()| and
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224 |tabpagewinnr()| functions are useful.
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225
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226 Since the number of tab labels will vary, you need to use an expresion for the
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227 whole option. Something like: >
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228 :set tabline=%!MyTabLine()
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229
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230 Then define the MyTabLine() function to list all the tab pages labels. A
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231 convenient method is to split it in two parts: First go over all the tab
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232 pages and define labels for them. Then get the label for each tab page. >
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233
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234 function MyTabLine()
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235 let s = ''
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236 for i in range(tabpagenr('$'))
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237 " select the highlighting
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238 if i + 1 == tabpagenr()
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239 let s .= '%#TabLineSel#'
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240 else
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241 let s .= '%#TabLine#'
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242 endif
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243
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244 " set the tab page number (for mouse clicks)
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245 let s .= '%' . (i + 1) . 'T'
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246
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247 " the label is made by MyTabLabel()
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248 let s .= ' %{MyTabLabel(' . (i + 1) . ')} '
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249 endfor
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250
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251 " after the last tab fill with TabLineFill and reset tab page nr
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252 let s .= '%#TabLineFill#%T'
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253
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254 " right-align the label to close the current tab page
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255 if tabpagenr('$') > 1
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256 let s .= '%=%#TabLine#%999Xclose'
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257 endif
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258
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259 return s
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260 endfunction
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261
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262 Now the MyTabLabel() function is called for each tab page to get its label. >
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263
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264 function MyTabLabel(n)
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265 let buflist = tabpagebuflist(a:n)
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266 let winnr = tabpagewinnr(a:n)
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267 return bufname(buflist[winnr - 1])
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268 endfunction
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269
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270 This is just a simplistic example that results in a tab pages line that
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271 resembles the default, but without adding a + for a modified buffer or
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272 trunctating the names. You will want to reduce the width of labels in a
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273 clever way when there is not enough room. Check the 'columns' option for the
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274 space available.
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275
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276 ==============================================================================
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277 5. Setting 'guitablabel' *setting-guitablabel*
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278
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279 When the GUI tab pages line is displayed, 'guitablabel' can be used to
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280 specify the label to display for each tab page. Unlike 'tabline', which
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281 specifies the whole tab pages line at once, 'guitablabel' is used for each
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282 label separately.
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283
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284 See the 'statusline' option for the format of the value.
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285
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286 The "%N" item can be used for the current tab page number. The |v:lnum|
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287 variable is also set to this number.
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288
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289 Note that syntax highlighting is not used for 'guitablabel'. The %T and %X
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290 are also ignored.
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291
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292 A simple example that puts the tab page number and the buffer name in the label: >
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293
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294 :set guitablabel=%N\ %f
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295
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296 An example that resembles the default: Show the number of windows in the tab
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297 page and a '+' if there is a modifed buffer: >
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298
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299 function! GuiTabLabel()
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300 let label = ''
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301 let bufnrlist = tabpagebuflist(v:lnum)
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302
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303 " Add '+' if one of the buffers in the tab page is modified
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304 for bufnr in bufnrlist
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305 if getbufvar(bufnr, "&modified")
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306 let label = '+'
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307 break
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308 endif
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309 endfor
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310
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311 " Append the number of windows in the tab page if more than one
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312 let wincount = tabpagewinnr(v:lnum, '$')
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313 if wincount > 1
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314 let label .= wincount
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315 endif
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316 if label != ''
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317 let label .= ' '
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318 endif
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319
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320 " Append the buffer name
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321 return label . bufname(bufnrlist[tabpagewinnr(v:lnum) - 1])
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322 endfunction
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323 set guitablabel=%{GuiTabLabel()}
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324 <
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325
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326 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
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