Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/terminal.txt @ 12192:6947d5bcf57f v8.0.0976
patch 8.0.0976: cannot send lines to a terminal job
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/b241208a13d3e9def36d749b1e824ae694aa85f8
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Sun Aug 20 18:09:14 2017 +0200
patch 8.0.0976: cannot send lines to a terminal job
Problem: Cannot send lines to a terminal job.
Solution: Make [range]terminal send selected lines to the job.
Use ++rows and ++cols for the terminal size.
author | Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org> |
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date | Sun, 20 Aug 2017 18:15:04 +0200 |
parents | b80c0172d1a8 |
children | 8d76a56861ec |
rev | line source |
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1 *terminal.txt* For Vim version 8.0. Last change: 2017 Aug 20 |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 Terminal window support *terminal* |
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8 |
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9 |
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10 WARNING: THIS IS ONLY PARTLY IMPLEMENTED, ANYTHING CAN STILL CHANGE |
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11 |
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12 The terminal feature is optional, use this to check if your Vim has it: > |
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13 echo has('terminal') |
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14 If the result is "1" you have it. |
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15 |
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16 |
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17 1. Basic use |terminal-use| |
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18 2. Remote testing |terminal-testing| |
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19 3. Debugging |terminal-debug| |
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20 |
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21 {Vi does not have any of these commands} |
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22 |
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23 ============================================================================== |
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24 1. Basic use *terminal-use* |
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25 |
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26 This feature is for running a terminal emulator in a Vim window. A job can be |
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27 started connected to the terminal emulator. For example, to run a shell: > |
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28 :term bash |
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29 |
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30 Or to run a debugger: > |
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31 :term gdb vim |
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32 |
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33 The job runs asynchronously from Vim, the window will be updated to show |
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34 output from the job, also while editing in any other window. |
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35 |
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36 |
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37 Typing ~ |
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38 |
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39 When the keyboard focus is in the terminal window, typed keys will be sent to |
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40 the job. This uses a pty when possible. You can click outside of the |
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41 terminal window to move keyboard focus elsewhere. |
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42 |
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43 CTRL-W can be used to navigate between windows and other CTRL-W commands, e.g.: |
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44 CTRL-W CTRL-W move focus to the next window |
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45 CTRL-W : enter an Ex command |
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46 See |CTRL-W| for more commands. |
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47 |
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48 Special in the terminal window: *CTRL-W_.* *CTRL-W_N* |
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49 CTRL-W . send a CTRL-W to the job in the terminal |
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50 CTRL-W N go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode| |
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51 CTRL-\ CTRL-N go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode| |
11914 | 52 CTRL-W " {reg} paste register {reg} *CTRL-W_quote* |
53 Also works with the = register to insert the result of | |
54 evaluating an expression. | |
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55 CTRL-W CTRL-C ends the job, see below |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C| |
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56 |
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57 See option 'termkey' for specifying another key instead of CTRL-W that |
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58 will work like CTRL-W. However, typing 'termkey' twice sends 'termkey' to |
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59 the job. For example: |
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60 'termkey' CTRL-W move focus to the next window |
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61 'termkey' : enter an Ex command |
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62 'termkey' 'termkey' send 'termkey' to the job in the terminal |
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63 'termkey' . send a CTRL-W to the job in the terminal |
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64 'termkey' N go to terminal Normal mode, see below |
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65 'termkey' CTRL-N same as CTRL-W N |
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66 'termkey' CTRL-C same as |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C| |
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67 *t_CTRL-\_CTRL-N* |
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68 The special key combination CTRL-\ CTRL-N can be used to switch to Normal |
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69 mode, just like this works in any other mode. |
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70 *t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C* |
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71 CTRL-W CTRL-C can be typed to forcefully end the job. On MS-Windows a |
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72 CTRL-BREAK will also kill the job. |
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73 |
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74 If you type CTRL-C the effect depends on what the pty has been configured to |
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75 do. For simple commands this causes a SIGINT to be sent to the job, which |
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76 would end it. Other commands may ignore the SIGINT or handle the CTRL-C |
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77 themselves (like Vim does). |
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78 |
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79 |
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80 Size and color ~ |
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81 |
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82 See option 'termsize' for controlling the size of the terminal window. |
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83 (TODO: scrolling when the terminal is larger than the window) |
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84 |
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85 The terminal uses the 'background' option to decide whether the terminal |
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86 window will start with a white or black background. The job running in the |
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87 terminal can change the colors. |
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88 |
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89 |
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90 Syntax ~ |
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91 |
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92 :[range]ter[minal] [options] [command] *:ter* *:terminal* |
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93 Open a new terminal window. |
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94 |
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95 If [command] is provided run it as a job and connect |
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96 the input and output to the terminal. |
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97 If [command] is not given the 'shell' option is used. |
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98 |
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99 A new buffer will be created, using [command] or |
11914 | 100 'shell' as the name, prefixed with a "!". If a buffer |
101 by this name already exists a number is added in | |
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102 parentheses. E.g. if "gdb" exists the second terminal |
11914 | 103 buffer will use "!gdb (1)". |
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104 |
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105 If [range] is given the specified lines are used as |
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106 input for the job. It will not be possible to type |
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107 keys in the terminal window. |
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108 |
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109 Two comma separated numbers are used as "rows,cols". |
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110 E.g. `:24,80gdb` opens a terminal with 24 rows and 80 |
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111 columns. However, if the terminal window spans the |
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112 Vim window with, there is no vertical split, the Vim |
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113 window width is used. |
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114 *term++close* *term++open* |
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115 Supported [options] are: |
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116 ++close The terminal window will close |
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117 automatically when the job terminates. |
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118 ++open When the job terminates and no window |
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119 shows it, a window will be opened. |
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120 Note that this can be interruptive. |
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121 ++curwin Open the terminal in the current |
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122 window, do not split the current |
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123 window. Fails if the current buffer |
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124 cannot be |abandon|ed. |
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125 ++hidden Open the terminal in a hidden buffer, |
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126 no window will be used. |
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127 ++rows={height} Use {height} for the terminal window |
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128 height. |
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129 ++cols={width} Use {width} for the terminal window |
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130 width. |
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131 |
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132 If you want to use more options use the |term_start()| |
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133 function. |
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134 |
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135 When the buffer associated with the terminal is unloaded or wiped out the job |
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136 is killed, similar to calling `job_stop(job, "kill")` |
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137 |
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138 By default the 'bufhidden' option of the buffer will be set to "hide". |
11914 | 139 So long as the job is running: If the window is closed the buffer becomes |
140 hidden. The command will not be stopped. The `:buffer` command can be used | |
141 to turn the current window into a terminal window. If there are unsaved | |
142 changes this fails, use ! to force, as usual. | |
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143 |
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144 To have a background job run without a window, and open the window when it's |
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145 done, use options like this: > |
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146 :term ++hidden ++open make |
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147 Note that the window will open at an unexpected moment, this will interrupt |
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148 what you are doing. |
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149 |
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150 *E947* *E948* |
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151 So long as the job is running, the buffer is considered modified and Vim |
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152 cannot be quit easily, see |abandon|. |
11914 | 153 |
154 When the job has finished and no changes were made to the buffer: closing the | |
155 window will wipe out the buffer. | |
156 | |
157 Before changes can be made to a terminal buffer, the 'modifiable' option must | |
158 be set. This is only possible when the job has finished. At the first change | |
159 the buffer will become a normal buffer and the highlighting is removed. | |
160 You may want to change the buffer name with |:file| to be able to write, since | |
161 the buffer name will still be set to the command. | |
162 | |
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163 |
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164 Resizing ~ |
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165 |
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166 The size of the terminal can be in one of three modes: |
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167 |
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168 1. The 'termsize' option is empty: The terminal size follows the window size. |
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169 The minimal size is 2 screen lines with 10 cells. |
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170 |
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171 2. The 'termsize' option is "rows*cols", where "rows" is the minimal number of |
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172 screen rows and "cols" is the minimal number of cells. |
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173 |
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174 3. The 'termsize' option is "rowsXcols" (where the x is upper or lower case). |
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175 The terminal size is fixed to the specified number of screen lines and |
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176 cells. If the window is bigger there will be unused empty space. |
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177 |
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178 If the window is smaller than the terminal size, only part of the terminal can |
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179 be seen (the lower-left part). |
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180 |
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181 The |term_getsize()| function can be used to get the current size of the |
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182 terminal. |term_setsize()| can be used only when in the first or second mode, |
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183 not when 'termsize' is "rowsXcols". |
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184 |
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185 |
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186 Terminal-Job and Terminal-Normal mode ~ |
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187 *Terminal-mode* |
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188 When the job is running the contents of the terminal is under control of the |
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189 job. That includes the cursor position. Typed keys are sent to the job. |
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190 The terminal contents can change at any time. This is called Terminal-Job |
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191 mode. |
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192 |
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193 Use CTRL-W N (or 'termkey' N) to switch to Terminal-Normal mode. Now the |
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194 contents of the terminal window is under control of Vim, the job output is |
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195 suspended. CTRL-\ CTRL-N does the same. |
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196 *E946* |
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197 In Terminal-Normal mode you can move the cursor around with the usual Vim |
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198 commands, Visually mark text, yank text, etc. But you cannot change the |
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199 contents of the buffer. The commands that would start insert mode, such as |
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200 'i' and 'a', return to Terminal-Job mode. The window will be updated to show |
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201 the contents of the terminal. |
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202 |
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203 In Terminal-Normal mode the statusline and window title show "(Terminal)". If |
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204 the job ends while in Terminal-Normal mode this changes to |
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205 "(Terminal-finished)". |
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206 |
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207 It is not possible to enter Insert mode from Terminal-Job mode. |
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208 |
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209 |
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210 Unix ~ |
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211 |
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212 On Unix a pty is used to make it possible to run all kinds of commands. You |
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213 can even run Vim in the terminal! That's used for debugging, see below. |
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214 |
11914 | 215 Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job: |
216 TERM name of the terminal, 'term' | |
217 ROWS number of rows in the terminal initially | |
218 LINES same as ROWS | |
219 COLUMNS number of columns in the terminal initially | |
220 COLORS number of colors, 't_Co' (256*256*256 in the GUI) | |
221 VIM_SERVERNAME v:servername | |
222 | |
223 The |client-server| feature can be used to communicate with the Vim instance | |
224 where the job was started. This only works when v:servername is not empty. | |
225 If needed you can set it with: > | |
226 call remote_startserver('vim-server') | |
227 | |
228 In the job you can then do something like: > | |
229 vim --servername $VIM_SERVERNAME --remote +123 some_file.c | |
230 This will open the file "some_file.c" and put the cursor on line 123. | |
231 | |
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232 |
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233 MS-Windows ~ |
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234 |
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235 On MS-Windows winpty is used to make it possible to run all kind of commands. |
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236 Obviously, they must be commands that run in a terminal, not open their own |
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237 window. |
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238 |
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239 You need the following two files from winpty: |
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240 |
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241 winpty.dll |
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242 winpty-agent.exe |
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243 |
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244 You can download them from the following page: |
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245 |
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246 https://github.com/rprichard/winpty |
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247 |
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248 Just put the files somewhere in your PATH. You can set the 'winptydll' option |
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249 to point to the right file, if needed. If you have both the 32-bit and 64-bit |
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250 version, rename to winpty32.dll and winpty64.dll to match the way Vim was |
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251 build. |
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252 |
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253 ============================================================================== |
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254 2. Remote testing *terminal-testing* |
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255 |
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256 Most Vim tests execute a script inside Vim. For some tests this does not |
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257 work, running the test interferes with the code being tested. To avoid this |
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258 Vim is executed in a terminal window. The test sends keystrokes to it and |
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259 inspects the resulting screen state. |
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260 |
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261 Functions ~ |
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262 |
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263 term_sendkeys() send keystrokes to a terminal |
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264 term_wait() wait for screen to be updated |
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265 term_scrape() inspect terminal screen |
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266 |
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267 |
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268 ============================================================================== |
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269 3. Debugging *terminal-debug* |
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270 |
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271 The Terminal debugging plugin can be used to debug a program with gdb and view |
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272 the source code in a Vim window. For example: > |
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273 |
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274 :TermDebug vim |
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275 |
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276 This opens three windows: |
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277 - A terminal window in which "gdb vim" is executed. Here you can directly |
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278 interact with gdb. |
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279 - A terminal window for the executed program. When "run" is used in gdb the |
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280 program I/O will happen in this window, so that it does not interfere with |
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281 controlling gdb. |
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282 - A normal Vim window used to show the source code. When gdb jumps to a |
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283 source file location this window will display the code, if possible. Values |
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284 of variables can be inspected, breakpoints set and cleared, etc. |
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285 |
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286 This uses two terminal windows. To open the gdb window: > |
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287 :term gdb [arguments] |
11914 | 288 To open the terminal to run the tested program |term_start()| is used. |
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289 |
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290 TODO |
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291 |
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292 |
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293 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |