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| author | Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 22 Feb 2012 19:13:08 +0100 |
| parents | 3502a7f991fc |
| children | 11d40fc82f11 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 3082 | 1 *motion.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2011 Jul 19 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Cursor motions *cursor-motions* *navigation* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 These commands move the cursor position. If the new position is off of the | |
| 10 screen, the screen is scrolled to show the cursor (see also 'scrolljump' and | |
| 11 'scrolloff' options). | |
| 12 | |
| 13 1. Motions and operators |operator| | |
| 14 2. Left-right motions |left-right-motions| | |
| 15 3. Up-down motions |up-down-motions| | |
| 16 4. Word motions |word-motions| | |
| 17 5. Text object motions |object-motions| | |
| 18 6. Text object selection |object-select| | |
| 19 7. Marks |mark-motions| | |
| 20 8. Jumps |jump-motions| | |
| 21 9. Various motions |various-motions| | |
| 22 | |
| 23 General remarks: | |
| 24 | |
| 25 If you want to know where you are in the file use the "CTRL-G" command | |
| 26 |CTRL-G| or the "g CTRL-G" command |g_CTRL-G|. If you set the 'ruler' option, | |
| 27 the cursor position is continuously shown in the status line (which slows down | |
| 28 Vim a little). | |
| 29 | |
| 30 Experienced users prefer the hjkl keys because they are always right under | |
| 31 their fingers. Beginners often prefer the arrow keys, because they do not | |
| 32 know what the hjkl keys do. The mnemonic value of hjkl is clear from looking | |
| 33 at the keyboard. Think of j as an arrow pointing downwards. | |
| 34 | |
| 35 The 'virtualedit' option can be set to make it possible to move the cursor to | |
| 36 positions where there is no character or halfway a character. | |
| 37 | |
| 38 ============================================================================== | |
| 39 1. Motions and operators *operator* | |
| 40 | |
| 41 The motion commands can be used after an operator command, to have the command | |
| 42 operate on the text that was moved over. That is the text between the cursor | |
| 43 position before and after the motion. Operators are generally used to delete | |
| 44 or change text. The following operators are available: | |
| 45 | |
| 46 |c| c change | |
| 47 |d| d delete | |
| 48 |y| y yank into register (does not change the text) | |
| 49 |~| ~ swap case (only if 'tildeop' is set) | |
| 50 |g~| g~ swap case | |
| 51 |gu| gu make lowercase | |
| 52 |gU| gU make uppercase | |
| 53 |!| ! filter through an external program | |
| 54 |=| = filter through 'equalprg' or C-indenting if empty | |
| 55 |gq| gq text formatting | |
| 56 |g?| g? ROT13 encoding | |
| 57 |>| > shift right | |
| 58 |<| < shift left | |
| 59 |zf| zf define a fold | |
| 593 | 60 |g@| g@ call function set with the 'operatorfunc' option |
| 7 | 61 |
| 62 If the motion includes a count and the operator also had a count before it, | |
| 63 the two counts are multiplied. For example: "2d3w" deletes six words. | |
| 64 | |
| 65 After applying the operator the cursor is mostly left at the start of the text | |
| 66 that was operated upon. For example, "yfe" doesn't move the cursor, but "yFe" | |
| 67 moves the cursor leftwards to the "e" where the yank started. | |
| 68 | |
| 69 *linewise* *characterwise* | |
| 70 The operator either affects whole lines, or the characters between the start | |
| 71 and end position. Generally, motions that move between lines affect lines | |
| 72 (are linewise), and motions that move within a line affect characters (are | |
| 73 characterwise). However, there are some exceptions. | |
| 74 | |
| 75 *exclusive* *inclusive* | |
| 456 | 76 A character motion is either inclusive or exclusive. When inclusive, the |
| 77 start and end position of the motion are included in the operation. When | |
| 78 exclusive, the last character towards the end of the buffer is not included. | |
| 79 Linewise motions always include the start and end position. | |
| 7 | 80 |
| 456 | 81 Which motions are linewise, inclusive or exclusive is mentioned with the |
| 82 command. There are however, two general exceptions: | |
| 7 | 83 1. If the motion is exclusive and the end of the motion is in column 1, the |
| 84 end of the motion is moved to the end of the previous line and the motion | |
| 85 becomes inclusive. Example: "}" moves to the first line after a paragraph, | |
| 86 but "d}" will not include that line. | |
| 20 | 87 *exclusive-linewise* |
| 7 | 88 2. If the motion is exclusive, the end of the motion is in column 1 and the |
| 89 start of the motion was at or before the first non-blank in the line, the | |
| 90 motion becomes linewise. Example: If a paragraph begins with some blanks | |
| 91 and you do "d}" while standing on the first non-blank, all the lines of | |
| 92 the paragraph are deleted, including the blanks. If you do a put now, the | |
| 93 deleted lines will be inserted below the cursor position. | |
| 94 | |
| 95 Note that when the operator is pending (the operator command is typed, but the | |
| 96 motion isn't yet), a special set of mappings can be used. See |:omap|. | |
| 97 | |
| 98 Instead of first giving the operator and then a motion you can use Visual | |
| 99 mode: mark the start of the text with "v", move the cursor to the end of the | |
| 100 text that is to be affected and then hit the operator. The text between the | |
| 101 start and the cursor position is highlighted, so you can see what text will | |
| 102 be operated upon. This allows much more freedom, but requires more key | |
| 103 strokes and has limited redo functionality. See the chapter on Visual mode | |
| 104 |Visual-mode|. | |
| 105 | |
| 106 You can use a ":" command for a motion. For example "d:call FindEnd()". | |
| 107 But this can't be redone with "." if the command is more than one line. | |
| 108 This can be repeated: > | |
| 109 d:call search("f")<CR> | |
| 110 This cannot be repeated: > | |
| 111 d:if 1<CR> | |
| 112 call search("f")<CR> | |
| 113 endif<CR> | |
| 114 | |
| 115 | |
| 116 FORCING A MOTION TO BE LINEWISE, CHARACTERWISE OR BLOCKWISE | |
| 117 | |
| 118 When a motion is not of the type you would like to use, you can force another | |
| 119 type by using "v", "V" or CTRL-V just after the operator. | |
| 120 Example: > | |
| 121 dj | |
| 122 deletes two lines > | |
| 123 dvj | |
| 124 deletes from the cursor position until the character below the cursor > | |
| 125 d<C-V>j | |
| 126 deletes the character under the cursor and the character below the cursor. > | |
| 127 | |
| 128 Be careful with forcing a linewise movement to be used characterwise or | |
| 129 blockwise, the column may not always be defined. | |
| 130 | |
| 131 *o_v* | |
| 132 v When used after an operator, before the motion command: Force | |
| 133 the operator to work characterwise, also when the motion is | |
| 134 linewise. If the motion was linewise, it will become | |
| 135 |exclusive|. | |
| 136 If the motion already was characterwise, toggle | |
| 137 inclusive/exclusive. This can be used to make an exclusive | |
| 138 motion inclusive and an inclusive motion exclusive. | |
| 139 | |
| 140 *o_V* | |
| 141 V When used after an operator, before the motion command: Force | |
| 142 the operator to work linewise, also when the motion is | |
| 143 characterwise. | |
| 144 | |
| 145 *o_CTRL-V* | |
| 146 CTRL-V When used after an operator, before the motion command: Force | |
| 147 the operator to work blockwise. This works like Visual block | |
| 148 mode selection, with the corners defined by the cursor | |
| 149 position before and after the motion. | |
| 150 | |
| 151 ============================================================================== | |
| 152 2. Left-right motions *left-right-motions* | |
| 153 | |
|
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154 These commands move the cursor to the specified column in the current line. |
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155 They stop at the first column and at the end of the line, except "$", which |
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156 may move to one of the next lines. See 'whichwrap' option to make some of the |
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157 commands move across line boundaries. |
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158 |
| 7 | 159 h or *h* |
| 160 <Left> or *<Left>* | |
| 161 CTRL-H or *CTRL-H* *<BS>* | |
| 162 <BS> [count] characters to the left. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 163 Note: If you prefer <BS> to delete a character, use | |
| 164 the mapping: | |
| 165 :map CTRL-V<BS> X | |
| 166 (to enter "CTRL-V<BS>" type the CTRL-V key, followed | |
| 167 by the <BS> key) | |
| 168 See |:fixdel| if the <BS> key does not do what you | |
| 169 want. | |
| 170 | |
| 171 l or *l* | |
| 172 <Right> or *<Right>* *<Space>* | |
| 173 <Space> [count] characters to the right. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 174 | |
| 175 *0* | |
| 176 0 To the first character of the line. |exclusive| | |
| 1121 | 177 motion. |
| 7 | 178 |
| 179 *<Home>* *<kHome>* | |
| 180 <Home> To the first character of the line. |exclusive| | |
| 1121 | 181 motion. When moving up or down next, stay in same |
| 182 TEXT column (if possible). Most other commands stay | |
| 183 in the same SCREEN column. <Home> works like "1|", | |
| 184 which differs from "0" when the line starts with a | |
| 185 <Tab>. {not in Vi} | |
| 7 | 186 |
| 187 *^* | |
| 188 ^ To the first non-blank character of the line. | |
| 189 |exclusive| motion. | |
| 190 | |
| 191 *$* *<End>* *<kEnd>* | |
| 192 $ or <End> To the end of the line. When a count is given also go | |
| 193 [count - 1] lines downward |inclusive|. | |
| 194 In Visual mode the cursor goes to just after the last | |
| 195 character in the line. | |
| 196 When 'virtualedit' is active, "$" may move the cursor | |
| 197 back from past the end of the line to the last | |
| 198 character in the line. | |
| 199 | |
| 200 *g_* | |
| 201 g_ To the last non-blank character of the line and | |
| 202 [count - 1] lines downward |inclusive|. {not in Vi} | |
| 203 | |
| 204 *g0* *g<Home>* | |
| 205 g0 or g<Home> When lines wrap ('wrap' on): To the first character of | |
| 206 the screen line. |exclusive| motion. Differs from | |
| 207 "0" when a line is wider than the screen. | |
| 208 When lines don't wrap ('wrap' off): To the leftmost | |
| 209 character of the current line that is on the screen. | |
| 210 Differs from "0" when the first character of the line | |
| 211 is not on the screen. {not in Vi} | |
| 212 | |
| 213 *g^* | |
| 214 g^ When lines wrap ('wrap' on): To the first non-blank | |
| 215 character of the screen line. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 216 Differs from "^" when a line is wider than the screen. | |
| 217 When lines don't wrap ('wrap' off): To the leftmost | |
| 218 non-blank character of the current line that is on the | |
| 219 screen. Differs from "^" when the first non-blank | |
| 220 character of the line is not on the screen. {not in | |
| 221 Vi} | |
| 222 | |
| 223 *gm* | |
| 224 gm Like "g0", but half a screenwidth to the right (or as | |
| 225 much as possible). {not in Vi} | |
| 226 | |
| 227 *g$* *g<End>* | |
| 228 g$ or g<End> When lines wrap ('wrap' on): To the last character of | |
| 229 the screen line and [count - 1] screen lines downward | |
| 230 |inclusive|. Differs from "$" when a line is wider | |
| 231 than the screen. | |
| 232 When lines don't wrap ('wrap' off): To the rightmost | |
| 233 character of the current line that is visible on the | |
| 234 screen. Differs from "$" when the last character of | |
| 235 the line is not on the screen or when a count is used. | |
| 236 Additionally, vertical movements keep the column, | |
| 237 instead of going to the end of the line. | |
| 238 {not in Vi} | |
| 239 | |
| 240 *bar* | |
| 241 | To screen column [count] in the current line. | |
|
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242 |exclusive| motion. Ceci n'est pas une pipe. |
| 7 | 243 |
| 244 *f* | |
| 245 f{char} To [count]'th occurrence of {char} to the right. The | |
| 246 cursor is placed on {char} |inclusive|. | |
| 247 {char} can be entered as a digraph |digraph-arg|. | |
| 248 When 'encoding' is set to Unicode, composing | |
| 249 characters may be used, see |utf-8-char-arg|. | |
| 250 |:lmap| mappings apply to {char}. The CTRL-^ command | |
| 251 in Insert mode can be used to switch this on/off | |
| 252 |i_CTRL-^|. | |
| 253 | |
| 254 *F* | |
| 255 F{char} To the [count]'th occurrence of {char} to the left. | |
| 456 | 256 The cursor is placed on {char} |exclusive|. |
| 7 | 257 {char} can be entered like with the |f| command. |
| 258 | |
| 259 *t* | |
| 260 t{char} Till before [count]'th occurrence of {char} to the | |
| 261 right. The cursor is placed on the character left of | |
| 262 {char} |inclusive|. | |
| 263 {char} can be entered like with the |f| command. | |
| 264 | |
| 265 *T* | |
| 266 T{char} Till after [count]'th occurrence of {char} to the | |
| 267 left. The cursor is placed on the character right of | |
| 456 | 268 {char} |exclusive|. |
| 7 | 269 {char} can be entered like with the |f| command. |
| 270 | |
| 271 *;* | |
| 2925 | 272 ; Repeat latest f, t, F or T [count] times. See |cpo-;| |
| 7 | 273 |
| 274 *,* | |
| 275 , Repeat latest f, t, F or T in opposite direction | |
| 2925 | 276 [count] times. See also |cpo-;| |
| 7 | 277 |
| 278 ============================================================================== | |
| 279 3. Up-down motions *up-down-motions* | |
| 280 | |
| 281 k or *k* | |
| 282 <Up> or *<Up>* *CTRL-P* | |
| 283 CTRL-P [count] lines upward |linewise|. | |
| 284 | |
| 285 j or *j* | |
| 286 <Down> or *<Down>* | |
| 287 CTRL-J or *CTRL-J* | |
| 288 <NL> or *<NL>* *CTRL-N* | |
| 289 CTRL-N [count] lines downward |linewise|. | |
| 290 | |
| 291 gk or *gk* *g<Up>* | |
| 292 g<Up> [count] display lines upward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 293 Differs from 'k' when lines wrap, and when used with | |
| 294 an operator, because it's not linewise. {not in Vi} | |
| 295 | |
| 296 gj or *gj* *g<Down>* | |
| 297 g<Down> [count] display lines downward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 298 Differs from 'j' when lines wrap, and when used with | |
| 299 an operator, because it's not linewise. {not in Vi} | |
| 300 | |
| 301 *-* | |
| 302 - <minus> [count] lines upward, on the first non-blank | |
| 303 character |linewise|. | |
| 304 | |
| 305 + or *+* | |
| 306 CTRL-M or *CTRL-M* *<CR>* | |
| 307 <CR> [count] lines downward, on the first non-blank | |
| 308 character |linewise|. | |
| 309 | |
| 310 *_* | |
| 311 _ <underscore> [count] - 1 lines downward, on the first non-blank | |
| 312 character |linewise|. | |
| 313 | |
| 314 *G* | |
| 315 G Goto line [count], default last line, on the first | |
| 316 non-blank character |linewise|. If 'startofline' not | |
| 317 set, keep the same column. | |
| 2152 | 318 G is a one of |jump-motions|. |
| 7 | 319 |
| 320 *<C-End>* | |
| 321 <C-End> Goto line [count], default last line, on the last | |
| 322 character |inclusive|. {not in Vi} | |
| 323 | |
| 324 <C-Home> or *gg* *<C-Home>* | |
| 325 gg Goto line [count], default first line, on the first | |
| 326 non-blank character |linewise|. If 'startofline' not | |
| 327 set, keep the same column. | |
| 328 | |
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329 :[range] Set the cursor on the last line number in [range]. |
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330 [range] can also be just one line number, e.g., ":1" |
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331 or ":'m". |
| 2152 | 332 In contrast with |G| this command does not modify the |
| 333 |jumplist|. | |
| 7 | 334 *N%* |
| 335 {count}% Go to {count} percentage in the file, on the first | |
| 336 non-blank in the line |linewise|. To compute the new | |
| 337 line number this formula is used: | |
| 338 ({count} * number-of-lines + 99) / 100 | |
| 339 See also 'startofline' option. {not in Vi} | |
| 340 | |
| 341 :[range]go[to] [count] *:go* *:goto* *go* | |
| 342 [count]go Go to {count} byte in the buffer. Default [count] is | |
| 343 one, start of the file. When giving [range], the | |
| 344 last number in it used as the byte count. End-of-line | |
| 345 characters are counted depending on the current | |
| 346 'fileformat' setting. | |
| 2908 | 347 Also see the |line2byte()| function, and the 'o' |
| 348 option in 'statusline'. | |
| 7 | 349 {not in Vi} |
| 350 {not available when compiled without the | |
| 351 |+byte_offset| feature} | |
| 352 | |
| 353 These commands move to the specified line. They stop when reaching the first | |
| 354 or the last line. The first two commands put the cursor in the same column | |
| 355 (if possible) as it was after the last command that changed the column, | |
| 356 except after the "$" command, then the cursor will be put on the last | |
| 357 character of the line. | |
| 358 | |
| 161 | 359 If "k", "-" or CTRL-P is used with a [count] and there are less than [count] |
| 360 lines above the cursor and the 'cpo' option includes the "-" flag it is an | |
| 361 error. |cpo--|. | |
| 362 | |
| 7 | 363 ============================================================================== |
| 364 4. Word motions *word-motions* | |
| 365 | |
| 366 <S-Right> or *<S-Right>* *w* | |
| 367 w [count] words forward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 368 | |
| 369 <C-Right> or *<C-Right>* *W* | |
| 370 W [count] WORDS forward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 371 | |
| 372 *e* | |
| 373 e Forward to the end of word [count] |inclusive|. | |
| 1621 | 374 Does not stop in an empty line. |
| 7 | 375 |
| 376 *E* | |
| 377 E Forward to the end of WORD [count] |inclusive|. | |
| 1621 | 378 Does not stop in an empty line. |
| 7 | 379 |
| 380 <S-Left> or *<S-Left>* *b* | |
| 381 b [count] words backward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 382 | |
| 383 <C-Left> or *<C-Left>* *B* | |
| 384 B [count] WORDS backward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 385 | |
| 386 *ge* | |
| 387 ge Backward to the end of word [count] |inclusive|. | |
| 388 | |
| 389 *gE* | |
| 390 gE Backward to the end of WORD [count] |inclusive|. | |
| 391 | |
| 392 These commands move over words or WORDS. | |
| 393 *word* | |
| 394 A word consists of a sequence of letters, digits and underscores, or a | |
| 395 sequence of other non-blank characters, separated with white space (spaces, | |
| 625 | 396 tabs, <EOL>). This can be changed with the 'iskeyword' option. An empty line |
| 397 is also considered to be a word. | |
| 7 | 398 *WORD* |
| 399 A WORD consists of a sequence of non-blank characters, separated with white | |
| 625 | 400 space. An empty line is also considered to be a WORD. |
| 7 | 401 |
| 402 A sequence of folded lines is counted for one word of a single character. | |
| 403 "w" and "W", "e" and "E" move to the start/end of the first word or WORD after | |
| 404 a range of folded lines. "b" and "B" move to the start of the first word or | |
| 405 WORD before the fold. | |
| 406 | |
| 407 Special case: "cw" and "cW" are treated like "ce" and "cE" if the cursor is | |
| 408 on a non-blank. This is because "cw" is interpreted as change-word, and a | |
| 409 word does not include the following white space. {Vi: "cw" when on a blank | |
| 410 followed by other blanks changes only the first blank; this is probably a | |
| 411 bug, because "dw" deletes all the blanks} | |
| 412 | |
| 413 Another special case: When using the "w" motion in combination with an | |
| 414 operator and the last word moved over is at the end of a line, the end of | |
| 415 that word becomes the end of the operated text, not the first word in the | |
| 416 next line. | |
| 417 | |
| 418 The original Vi implementation of "e" is buggy. For example, the "e" command | |
| 419 will stop on the first character of a line if the previous line was empty. | |
| 420 But when you use "2e" this does not happen. In Vim "ee" and "2e" are the | |
| 421 same, which is more logical. However, this causes a small incompatibility | |
| 422 between Vi and Vim. | |
| 423 | |
| 424 ============================================================================== | |
| 425 5. Text object motions *object-motions* | |
| 426 | |
| 427 *(* | |
| 428 ( [count] sentences backward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 429 | |
| 430 *)* | |
| 431 ) [count] sentences forward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 432 | |
| 433 *{* | |
| 434 { [count] paragraphs backward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 435 | |
| 436 *}* | |
| 437 } [count] paragraphs forward. |exclusive| motion. | |
| 438 | |
| 439 *]]* | |
| 440 ]] [count] sections forward or to the next '{' in the | |
| 20 | 441 first column. When used after an operator, then also |
| 442 stops below a '}' in the first column. |exclusive| | |
| 443 Note that |exclusive-linewise| often applies. | |
| 7 | 444 |
| 445 *][* | |
| 446 ][ [count] sections forward or to the next '}' in the | |
| 20 | 447 first column. |exclusive| |
| 448 Note that |exclusive-linewise| often applies. | |
| 7 | 449 |
| 450 *[[* | |
| 451 [[ [count] sections backward or to the previous '{' in | |
| 20 | 452 the first column. |exclusive| |
| 453 Note that |exclusive-linewise| often applies. | |
| 7 | 454 |
| 455 *[]* | |
| 456 [] [count] sections backward or to the previous '}' in | |
| 20 | 457 the first column. |exclusive| |
| 458 Note that |exclusive-linewise| often applies. | |
| 7 | 459 |
| 460 These commands move over three kinds of text objects. | |
| 461 | |
| 462 *sentence* | |
| 463 A sentence is defined as ending at a '.', '!' or '?' followed by either the | |
| 464 end of a line, or by a space or tab. Any number of closing ')', ']', '"' | |
| 465 and ''' characters may appear after the '.', '!' or '?' before the spaces, | |
| 466 tabs or end of line. A paragraph and section boundary is also a sentence | |
| 467 boundary. | |
| 468 If the 'J' flag is present in 'cpoptions', at least two spaces have to | |
| 469 follow the punctuation mark; <Tab>s are not recognized as white space. | |
| 470 The definition of a sentence cannot be changed. | |
| 471 | |
| 472 *paragraph* | |
| 473 A paragraph begins after each empty line, and also at each of a set of | |
| 474 paragraph macros, specified by the pairs of characters in the 'paragraphs' | |
| 1621 | 475 option. The default is "IPLPPPQPP TPHPLIPpLpItpplpipbp", which corresponds to |
| 476 the macros ".IP", ".LP", etc. (These are nroff macros, so the dot must be in | |
| 477 the first column). A section boundary is also a paragraph boundary. | |
| 164 | 478 Note that a blank line (only containing white space) is NOT a paragraph |
| 479 boundary. | |
| 480 Also note that this does not include a '{' or '}' in the first column. When | |
| 481 the '{' flag is in 'cpoptions' then '{' in the first column is used as a | |
| 482 paragraph boundary |posix|. | |
| 7 | 483 |
| 484 *section* | |
| 485 A section begins after a form-feed (<C-L>) in the first column and at each of | |
| 486 a set of section macros, specified by the pairs of characters in the | |
| 487 'sections' option. The default is "SHNHH HUnhsh", which defines a section to | |
| 488 start at the nroff macros ".SH", ".NH", ".H", ".HU", ".nh" and ".sh". | |
| 489 | |
| 490 The "]" and "[" commands stop at the '{' or '}' in the first column. This is | |
| 491 useful to find the start or end of a function in a C program. Note that the | |
| 492 first character of the command determines the search direction and the | |
| 493 second character the type of brace found. | |
| 494 | |
| 495 If your '{' or '}' are not in the first column, and you would like to use "[[" | |
| 496 and "]]" anyway, try these mappings: > | |
| 497 :map [[ ?{<CR>w99[{ | |
| 498 :map ][ /}<CR>b99]} | |
| 499 :map ]] j0[[%/{<CR> | |
| 500 :map [] k$][%?}<CR> | |
| 501 [type these literally, see |<>|] | |
| 502 | |
| 503 ============================================================================== | |
| 504 6. Text object selection *object-select* *text-objects* | |
| 505 *v_a* *v_i* | |
| 506 | |
| 507 This is a series of commands that can only be used while in Visual mode or | |
| 508 after an operator. The commands that start with "a" select "a"n object | |
| 509 including white space, the commands starting with "i" select an "inner" object | |
| 510 without white space, or just the white space. Thus the "inner" commands | |
| 511 always select less text than the "a" commands. | |
| 512 | |
| 513 These commands are {not in Vi}. | |
| 514 These commands are not available when the |+textobjects| feature has been | |
| 515 disabled at compile time. | |
| 516 *v_aw* *aw* | |
| 517 aw "a word", select [count] words (see |word|). | |
| 518 Leading or trailing white space is included, but not | |
| 519 counted. | |
| 520 When used in Visual linewise mode "aw" switches to | |
| 521 Visual characterwise mode. | |
| 522 | |
| 523 *v_iw* *iw* | |
| 524 iw "inner word", select [count] words (see |word|). | |
| 525 White space between words is counted too. | |
| 526 When used in Visual linewise mode "iw" switches to | |
| 527 Visual characterwise mode. | |
| 528 | |
| 529 *v_aW* *aW* | |
| 530 aW "a WORD", select [count] WORDs (see |WORD|). | |
| 531 Leading or trailing white space is included, but not | |
| 532 counted. | |
| 533 When used in Visual linewise mode "aW" switches to | |
| 534 Visual characterwise mode. | |
| 535 | |
| 536 *v_iW* *iW* | |
| 537 iW "inner WORD", select [count] WORDs (see |WORD|). | |
| 538 White space between words is counted too. | |
| 539 When used in Visual linewise mode "iW" switches to | |
| 540 Visual characterwise mode. | |
| 541 | |
| 542 *v_as* *as* | |
| 543 as "a sentence", select [count] sentences (see | |
| 544 |sentence|). | |
| 545 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 546 | |
| 547 *v_is* *is* | |
| 548 is "inner sentence", select [count] sentences (see | |
| 549 |sentence|). | |
| 550 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 551 | |
| 552 *v_ap* *ap* | |
| 553 ap "a paragraph", select [count] paragraphs (see | |
| 554 |paragraph|). | |
| 555 Exception: a blank line (only containing white space) | |
| 556 is also a paragraph boundary. | |
| 557 When used in Visual mode it is made linewise. | |
| 558 | |
| 559 *v_ip* *ip* | |
| 560 ip "inner paragraph", select [count] paragraphs (see | |
| 561 |paragraph|). | |
| 562 Exception: a blank line (only containing white space) | |
| 563 is also a paragraph boundary. | |
| 564 When used in Visual mode it is made linewise. | |
| 565 | |
| 566 a] *v_a]* *v_a[* *a]* *a[* | |
| 567 a[ "a [] block", select [count] '[' ']' blocks. This | |
| 568 goes backwards to the [count] unclosed '[', and finds | |
| 569 the matching ']'. The enclosed text is selected, | |
| 570 including the '[' and ']'. | |
| 571 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 572 | |
| 573 i] *v_i]* *v_i[* *i]* *i[* | |
| 574 i[ "inner [] block", select [count] '[' ']' blocks. This | |
| 575 goes backwards to the [count] unclosed '[', and finds | |
| 576 the matching ']'. The enclosed text is selected, | |
| 577 excluding the '[' and ']'. | |
| 578 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 579 | |
| 580 a) *v_a)* *a)* *a(* | |
| 581 a( *v_ab* *v_a(* *ab* | |
| 582 ab "a block", select [count] blocks, from "[count] [(" to | |
| 583 the matching ')', including the '(' and ')' (see | |
| 584 |[(|). Does not include white space outside of the | |
| 585 parenthesis. | |
| 586 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 587 | |
| 588 i) *v_i)* *i)* *i(* | |
| 589 i( *v_ib* *v_i(* *ib* | |
| 590 ib "inner block", select [count] blocks, from "[count] [(" | |
| 591 to the matching ')', excluding the '(' and ')' (see | |
| 592 |[(|). | |
| 593 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 594 | |
| 595 a> *v_a>* *v_a<* *a>* *a<* | |
| 596 a< "a <> block", select [count] <> blocks, from the | |
| 597 [count]'th unmatched '<' backwards to the matching | |
| 598 '>', including the '<' and '>'. | |
| 599 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 600 | |
| 601 i> *v_i>* *v_i<* *i>* *i<* | |
| 602 i< "inner <> block", select [count] <> blocks, from | |
| 603 the [count]'th unmatched '<' backwards to the matching | |
| 604 '>', excluding the '<' and '>'. | |
| 605 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 606 | |
| 422 | 607 *v_at* *at* |
| 608 at "a tag block", select [count] tag blocks, from the | |
| 609 [count]'th unmatched "<aaa>" backwards to the matching | |
| 610 "</aaa>", including the "<aaa>" and "</aaa>". | |
| 611 See |tag-blocks| about the details. | |
| 612 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 613 | |
| 614 *v_it* *it* | |
| 615 it "inner tag block", select [count] tag blocks, from the | |
| 616 [count]'th unmatched "<aaa>" backwards to the matching | |
| 617 "</aaa>", excluding the "<aaa>" and "</aaa>". | |
| 618 See |tag-blocks| about the details. | |
| 619 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 620 | |
| 7 | 621 a} *v_a}* *a}* *a{* |
| 622 a{ *v_aB* *v_a{* *aB* | |
| 623 aB "a Block", select [count] Blocks, from "[count] [{" to | |
| 624 the matching '}', including the '{' and '}' (see | |
| 625 |[{|). | |
| 626 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 627 | |
| 628 i} *v_i}* *i}* *i{* | |
| 629 i{ *v_iB* *v_i{* *iB* | |
| 630 iB "inner Block", select [count] Blocks, from "[count] [{" | |
| 631 to the matching '}', excluding the '{' and '}' (see | |
| 632 |[{|). | |
| 633 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. | |
| 634 | |
| 12 | 635 a" *v_aquote* *aquote* |
| 636 a' *v_a'* *a'* | |
| 637 a` *v_a`* *a`* | |
| 638 "a quoted string". Selects the text from the previous | |
| 849 | 639 quote until the next quote. The 'quoteescape' option |
| 640 is used to skip escaped quotes. | |
| 641 Only works within one line. | |
| 12 | 642 When the cursor starts on a quote, Vim will figure out |
| 643 which quote pairs form a string by searching from the | |
| 644 start of the line. | |
|
2033
de5a43c5eedc
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1702
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changeset
|
645 Any trailing white space is included, unless there is |
|
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1702
diff
changeset
|
646 none, then leading white space is included. |
| 12 | 647 When used in Visual mode it is made characterwise. |
| 648 Repeating this object in Visual mode another string is | |
| 649 included. A count is currently not used. | |
| 650 | |
| 651 i" *v_iquote* *iquote* | |
| 652 i' *v_i'* *i'* | |
| 653 i` *v_i`* *i`* | |
| 654 Like a", a' and a`, but exclude the quotes and | |
| 655 repeating won't extend the Visual selection. | |
| 527 | 656 Special case: With a count of 2 the quotes are |
| 657 included, but no extra white space as with a"/a'/a`. | |
| 12 | 658 |
| 7 | 659 When used after an operator: |
| 660 For non-block objects: | |
| 661 For the "a" commands: The operator applies to the object and the white | |
| 662 space after the object. If there is no white space after the object | |
| 663 or when the cursor was in the white space before the object, the white | |
| 664 space before the object is included. | |
| 665 For the "inner" commands: If the cursor was on the object, the | |
| 666 operator applies to the object. If the cursor was on white space, the | |
| 667 operator applies to the white space. | |
| 668 For a block object: | |
| 669 The operator applies to the block where the cursor is in, or the block | |
| 670 on which the cursor is on one of the braces. For the "inner" commands | |
| 671 the surrounding braces are excluded. For the "a" commands, the braces | |
| 672 are included. | |
| 673 | |
| 674 When used in Visual mode: | |
| 675 When start and end of the Visual area are the same (just after typing "v"): | |
| 676 One object is selected, the same as for using an operator. | |
| 677 When start and end of the Visual area are not the same: | |
| 678 For non-block objects the area is extended by one object or the white | |
| 679 space up to the next object, or both for the "a" objects. The | |
| 680 direction in which this happens depends on which side of the Visual | |
| 681 area the cursor is. For the block objects the block is extended one | |
| 682 level outwards. | |
| 683 | |
| 684 For illustration, here is a list of delete commands, grouped from small to big | |
| 685 objects. Note that for a single character and a whole line the existing vi | |
| 686 movement commands are used. | |
| 687 "dl" delete character (alias: "x") |dl| | |
| 688 "diw" delete inner word *diw* | |
| 689 "daw" delete a word *daw* | |
| 690 "diW" delete inner WORD (see |WORD|) *diW* | |
| 691 "daW" delete a WORD (see |WORD|) *daW* | |
| 692 "dd" delete one line |dd| | |
| 693 "dis" delete inner sentence *dis* | |
| 694 "das" delete a sentence *das* | |
| 695 "dib" delete inner '(' ')' block *dib* | |
| 696 "dab" delete a '(' ')' block *dab* | |
| 697 "dip" delete inner paragraph *dip* | |
| 698 "dap" delete a paragraph *dap* | |
| 699 "diB" delete inner '{' '}' block *diB* | |
| 700 "daB" delete a '{' '}' block *daB* | |
| 701 | |
| 702 Note the difference between using a movement command and an object. The | |
| 703 movement command operates from here (cursor position) to where the movement | |
| 704 takes us. When using an object the whole object is operated upon, no matter | |
| 705 where on the object the cursor is. For example, compare "dw" and "daw": "dw" | |
| 706 deletes from the cursor position to the start of the next word, "daw" deletes | |
| 707 the word under the cursor and the space after or before it. | |
| 708 | |
| 422 | 709 |
| 710 Tag blocks *tag-blocks* | |
| 711 | |
| 712 For the "it" and "at" text objects an attempt is done to select blocks between | |
| 713 matching tags for HTML and XML. But since these are not completely compatible | |
| 714 there are a few restrictions. | |
| 715 | |
| 716 The normal method is to select a <tag> until the matching </tag>. For "at" | |
| 717 the tags are included, for "it" they are excluded. But when "it" is repeated | |
| 853 | 718 the tags will be included (otherwise nothing would change). Also, "it" used |
| 719 on a tag block with no contents will select the leading tag. | |
| 422 | 720 |
| 721 "<aaa/>" items are skipped. Case is ignored, also for XML where case does | |
| 722 matter. | |
| 723 | |
| 724 In HTML it is possible to have a tag like <br> or <meta ...> without a | |
| 725 matching end tag. These are ignored. | |
| 726 | |
| 727 The text objects are tolerant about mistakes. Stray end tags are ignored. | |
| 728 | |
| 7 | 729 ============================================================================== |
| 730 7. Marks *mark-motions* *E20* *E78* | |
| 731 | |
| 732 Jumping to a mark can be done in two ways: | |
| 733 1. With ` (backtick): The cursor is positioned at the specified location | |
| 734 and the motion is |exclusive|. | |
| 735 2. With ' (single quote): The cursor is positioned on the first non-blank | |
| 736 character in the line of the specified location and | |
| 737 the motion is linewise. | |
| 738 | |
| 739 *m* *mark* *Mark* | |
| 740 m{a-zA-Z} Set mark {a-zA-Z} at cursor position (does not move | |
| 741 the cursor, this is not a motion command). | |
| 742 | |
| 743 *m'* *m`* | |
| 744 m' or m` Set the previous context mark. This can be jumped to | |
| 745 with the "''" or "``" command (does not move the | |
| 746 cursor, this is not a motion command). | |
| 747 | |
| 748 *m[* *m]* | |
| 749 m[ or m] Set the |'[| or |']| mark. Useful when an operator is | |
| 750 to be simulated by multiple commands. (does not move | |
| 751 the cursor, this is not a motion command). | |
| 752 | |
| 753 *:ma* *:mark* *E191* | |
| 9 | 754 :[range]ma[rk] {a-zA-Z'} |
| 755 Set mark {a-zA-Z'} at last line number in [range], | |
| 7 | 756 column 0. Default is cursor line. |
| 757 | |
| 758 *:k* | |
| 9 | 759 :[range]k{a-zA-Z'} Same as :mark, but the space before the mark name can |
| 7 | 760 be omitted. |
| 761 | |
| 762 *'* *'a* *`* *`a* | |
| 1121 | 763 '{a-z} `{a-z} Jump to the mark {a-z} in the current buffer. |
| 7 | 764 |
| 765 *'A* *'0* *`A* *`0* | |
| 1121 | 766 '{A-Z0-9} `{A-Z0-9} To the mark {A-Z0-9} in the file where it was set (not |
| 767 a motion command when in another file). {not in Vi} | |
| 7 | 768 |
| 769 *g'* *g'a* *g`* *g`a* | |
| 770 g'{mark} g`{mark} | |
| 771 Jump to the {mark}, but don't change the jumplist when | |
| 772 jumping within the current buffer. Example: > | |
| 773 g`" | |
| 774 < jumps to the last known position in a file. See | |
| 9 | 775 $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim. |
| 776 Also see |:keepjumps|. | |
| 777 {not in Vi} | |
| 7 | 778 |
| 779 *:marks* | |
| 780 :marks List all the current marks (not a motion command). | |
| 781 The |'(|, |')|, |'{| and |'}| marks are not listed. | |
| 843 | 782 The first column has number zero. |
| 7 | 783 {not in Vi} |
| 784 *E283* | |
| 785 :marks {arg} List the marks that are mentioned in {arg} (not a | |
| 786 motion command). For example: > | |
| 787 :marks aB | |
| 788 < to list marks 'a' and 'B'. {not in Vi} | |
| 789 | |
| 24 | 790 *:delm* *:delmarks* |
| 856 | 791 :delm[arks] {marks} Delete the specified marks. Marks that can be deleted |
| 24 | 792 include A-Z and 0-9. You cannot delete the ' mark. |
| 793 They can be specified by giving the list of mark | |
| 794 names, or with a range, separated with a dash. Spaces | |
| 795 are ignored. Examples: > | |
| 796 :delmarks a deletes mark a | |
| 797 :delmarks a b 1 deletes marks a, b and 1 | |
| 798 :delmarks Aa deletes marks A and a | |
| 799 :delmarks p-z deletes marks in the range p to z | |
| 800 :delmarks ^.[] deletes marks ^ . [ ] | |
| 801 :delmarks \" deletes mark " | |
| 802 < {not in Vi} | |
| 803 | |
| 804 :delm[arks]! Delete all marks for the current buffer, but not marks | |
| 805 A-Z or 0-9. | |
| 806 {not in Vi} | |
| 807 | |
| 7 | 808 A mark is not visible in any way. It is just a position in the file that is |
| 809 remembered. Do not confuse marks with named registers, they are totally | |
| 810 unrelated. | |
| 811 | |
| 812 'a - 'z lowercase marks, valid within one file | |
| 813 'A - 'Z uppercase marks, also called file marks, valid between files | |
| 814 '0 - '9 numbered marks, set from .viminfo file | |
| 815 | |
| 816 Lowercase marks 'a to 'z are remembered as long as the file remains in the | |
| 817 buffer list. If you remove the file from the buffer list, all its marks are | |
| 818 lost. If you delete a line that contains a mark, that mark is erased. | |
| 819 | |
| 820 Lowercase marks can be used in combination with operators. For example: "d't" | |
| 821 deletes the lines from the cursor position to mark 't'. Hint: Use mark 't' for | |
| 822 Top, 'b' for Bottom, etc.. Lowercase marks are restored when using undo and | |
| 823 redo. | |
| 824 | |
| 825 Uppercase marks 'A to 'Z include the file name. {Vi: no uppercase marks} You | |
| 826 can use them to jump from file to file. You can only use an uppercase mark | |
| 827 with an operator if the mark is in the current file. The line number of the | |
| 828 mark remains correct, even if you insert/delete lines or edit another file for | |
| 829 a moment. When the 'viminfo' option is not empty, uppercase marks are kept in | |
| 830 the .viminfo file. See |viminfo-file-marks|. | |
| 831 | |
| 832 Numbered marks '0 to '9 are quite different. They can not be set directly. | |
| 833 They are only present when using a viminfo file |viminfo-file|. Basically '0 | |
| 834 is the location of the cursor when you last exited Vim, '1 the last but one | |
| 835 time, etc. Use the "r" flag in 'viminfo' to specify files for which no | |
| 836 Numbered mark should be stored. See |viminfo-file-marks|. | |
| 837 | |
| 838 | |
| 839 *'[* *`[* | |
| 840 '[ `[ To the first character of the previously changed | |
| 841 or yanked text. {not in Vi} | |
| 842 | |
| 843 *']* *`]* | |
| 844 '] `] To the last character of the previously changed or | |
| 845 yanked text. {not in Vi} | |
| 846 | |
| 847 After executing an operator the Cursor is put at the beginning of the text | |
| 848 that was operated upon. After a put command ("p" or "P") the cursor is | |
| 849 sometimes placed at the first inserted line and sometimes on the last inserted | |
| 850 character. The four commands above put the cursor at either end. Example: | |
| 851 After yanking 10 lines you want to go to the last one of them: "10Y']". After | |
| 852 inserting several lines with the "p" command you want to jump to the lowest | |
| 853 inserted line: "p']". This also works for text that has been inserted. | |
| 854 | |
| 855 Note: After deleting text, the start and end positions are the same, except | |
| 856 when using blockwise Visual mode. These commands do not work when no change | |
| 857 was made yet in the current file. | |
| 858 | |
| 859 *'<* *`<* | |
| 1698 | 860 '< `< To the first line or character of the last selected |
| 861 Visual area in the current buffer. For block mode it | |
| 862 may also be the last character in the first line (to | |
| 863 be able to define the block). {not in Vi}. | |
| 7 | 864 |
| 865 *'>* *`>* | |
| 1698 | 866 '> `> To the last line or character of the last selected |
| 867 Visual area in the current buffer. For block mode it | |
| 868 may also be the first character of the last line (to | |
| 869 be able to define the block). Note that 'selection' | |
| 856 | 870 applies, the position may be just after the Visual |
| 871 area. {not in Vi}. | |
| 7 | 872 |
| 873 *''* *``* | |
| 36 | 874 '' `` To the position before the latest jump, or where the |
| 875 last "m'" or "m`" command was given. Not set when the | |
| 7 | 876 |:keepjumps| command modifier was used. |
| 877 Also see |restore-position|. | |
| 878 | |
| 879 *'quote* *`quote* | |
| 880 '" `" To the cursor position when last exiting the current | |
| 881 buffer. Defaults to the first character of the first | |
| 882 line. See |last-position-jump| for how to use this | |
| 883 for each opened file. | |
| 884 Only one position is remembered per buffer, not one | |
| 885 for each window. As long as the buffer is visible in | |
| 886 a window the position won't be changed. | |
| 887 {not in Vi}. | |
| 888 | |
| 889 *'^* *`^* | |
| 890 '^ `^ To the position where the cursor was the last time | |
| 42 | 891 when Insert mode was stopped. This is used by the |
| 892 |gi| command. Not set when the |:keepjumps| command | |
| 7 | 893 modifier was used. {not in Vi} |
| 894 | |
| 895 *'.* *`.* | |
| 896 '. `. To the position where the last change was made. The | |
| 897 position is at or near where the change started. | |
| 898 Sometimes a command is executed as several changes, | |
| 899 then the position can be near the end of what the | |
| 900 command changed. For example when inserting a word, | |
| 901 the position will be on the last character. | |
| 902 {not in Vi} | |
| 903 | |
| 904 *'(* *`(* | |
| 905 '( `( To the start of the current sentence, like the |(| | |
| 906 command. {not in Vi} | |
| 907 | |
| 908 *')* *`)* | |
| 909 ') `) To the end of the current sentence, like the |)| | |
| 910 command. {not in Vi} | |
| 911 | |
| 912 *'{* *`{* | |
| 913 '{ `{ To the start of the current paragraph, like the |{| | |
| 914 command. {not in Vi} | |
| 915 | |
| 916 *'}* *`}* | |
| 917 '} `} To the end of the current paragraph, like the |}| | |
| 918 command. {not in Vi} | |
| 919 | |
| 920 These commands are not marks themselves, but jump to a mark: | |
| 921 | |
| 922 *]'* | |
| 923 ]' [count] times to next line with a lowercase mark below | |
| 924 the cursor, on the first non-blank character in the | |
| 925 line. {not in Vi} | |
| 926 | |
| 927 *]`* | |
| 928 ]` [count] times to lowercase mark after the cursor. {not | |
| 929 in Vi} | |
| 930 | |
| 931 *['* | |
| 932 [' [count] times to previous line with a lowercase mark | |
| 933 before the cursor, on the first non-blank character in | |
| 934 the line. {not in Vi} | |
| 935 | |
| 936 *[`* | |
| 937 [` [count] times to lowercase mark before the cursor. | |
| 938 {not in Vi} | |
| 939 | |
| 940 | |
| 941 :loc[kmarks] {command} *:loc* *:lockmarks* | |
| 942 Execute {command} without adjusting marks. This is | |
| 943 useful when changing text in a way that the line count | |
| 944 will be the same when the change has completed. | |
| 945 WARNING: When the line count does change, marks below | |
| 946 the change will keep their line number, thus move to | |
| 947 another text line. | |
| 948 These items will not be adjusted for deleted/inserted | |
| 949 lines: | |
| 950 - lower case letter marks 'a - 'z | |
| 951 - upper case letter marks 'A - 'Z | |
| 952 - numbered marks '0 - '9 | |
| 953 - last insert position '^ | |
| 954 - last change position '. | |
| 955 - the Visual area '< and '> | |
| 956 - line numbers in placed signs | |
| 957 - line numbers in quickfix positions | |
| 958 - positions in the |jumplist| | |
| 959 - positions in the |tagstack| | |
| 960 These items will still be adjusted: | |
| 961 - previous context mark '' | |
| 962 - the cursor position | |
| 963 - the view of a window on a buffer | |
| 964 - folds | |
| 965 - diffs | |
| 966 | |
| 967 :kee[pmarks] {command} *:kee* *:keepmarks* | |
| 968 Currently only has effect for the filter command | |
| 969 |:range!|: | |
| 970 - When the number of lines after filtering is equal to | |
| 971 or larger than before, all marks are kept at the | |
| 972 same line number. | |
| 973 - When the number of lines decreases, the marks in the | |
| 9 | 974 lines that disappeared are deleted. |
| 7 | 975 In any case the marks below the filtered text have |
| 976 their line numbers adjusted, thus stick to the text, | |
| 977 as usual. | |
| 978 When the 'R' flag is missing from 'cpoptions' this has | |
| 979 the same effect as using ":keepmarks". | |
| 980 | |
| 981 *:keepj* *:keepjumps* | |
| 982 :keepj[umps] {command} | |
| 9 | 983 Moving around in {command} does not change the |''|, |
| 984 |'.| and |'^| marks, the |jumplist| or the | |
| 985 |changelist|. | |
| 986 Useful when making a change or inserting text | |
| 987 automatically and the user doesn't want to go to this | |
| 988 position. E.g., when updating a "Last change" | |
| 989 timestamp in the first line: > | |
| 990 | |
| 586 | 991 :let lnum = line(".") |
| 9 | 992 :keepjumps normal gg |
| 993 :call SetLastChange() | |
| 994 :keepjumps exe "normal " . lnum . "G" | |
| 995 < | |
| 996 Note that ":keepjumps" must be used for every command. | |
| 997 When invoking a function the commands in that function | |
| 856 | 998 can still change the jumplist. Also, for |
| 85 | 999 ":keepjumps exe 'command '" the "command" won't keep |
| 1000 jumps. Instead use: ":exe 'keepjumps command'" | |
| 7 | 1001 |
| 1002 ============================================================================== | |
| 1003 8. Jumps *jump-motions* | |
| 1004 | |
| 1005 A "jump" is one of the following commands: "'", "`", "G", "/", "?", "n", | |
| 1006 "N", "%", "(", ")", "[[", "]]", "{", "}", ":s", ":tag", "L", "M", "H" and | |
| 1007 the commands that start editing a new file. If you make the cursor "jump" | |
| 1008 with one of these commands, the position of the cursor before the jump is | |
| 1009 remembered. You can return to that position with the "''" and "``" command, | |
| 1010 unless the line containing that position was changed or deleted. | |
| 1011 | |
| 1012 *CTRL-O* | |
| 1013 CTRL-O Go to [count] Older cursor position in jump list | |
| 1014 (not a motion command). {not in Vi} | |
|
2570
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Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
1015 {not available without the |+jumplist| feature} |
| 7 | 1016 |
| 1017 <Tab> or *CTRL-I* *<Tab>* | |
| 1018 CTRL-I Go to [count] newer cursor position in jump list | |
| 1019 (not a motion command). | |
| 1020 {not in Vi} | |
|
2570
71b56b4e7785
Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
1021 {not available without the |+jumplist| feature} |
| 7 | 1022 |
| 1023 *:ju* *:jumps* | |
| 1024 :ju[mps] Print the jump list (not a motion command). {not in | |
|
2570
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Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
1025 Vi} {not available without the |+jumplist| feature} |
| 7 | 1026 |
| 1027 *jumplist* | |
| 1028 Jumps are remembered in a jump list. With the CTRL-O and CTRL-I command you | |
| 1029 can go to cursor positions before older jumps, and back again. Thus you can | |
| 1030 move up and down the list. There is a separate jump list for each window. | |
| 1031 The maximum number of entries is fixed at 100. | |
|
2570
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Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
1032 {not available without the |+jumplist| feature} |
| 7 | 1033 |
| 1034 For example, after three jump commands you have this jump list: | |
| 1035 | |
| 2681 | 1036 jump line col file/text ~ |
| 7 | 1037 3 1 0 some text ~ |
| 1038 2 70 0 another line ~ | |
| 1039 1 1154 23 end. ~ | |
| 1040 > ~ | |
| 1041 | |
| 2681 | 1042 The "file/text" column shows the file name, or the text at the jump if it is |
| 7 | 1043 in the current file (an indent is removed and a long line is truncated to fit |
| 1044 in the window). | |
| 1045 | |
| 1046 You are currently in line 1167. If you then use the CTRL-O command, the | |
| 1047 cursor is put in line 1154. This results in: | |
| 1048 | |
| 2681 | 1049 jump line col file/text ~ |
| 7 | 1050 2 1 0 some text ~ |
| 1051 1 70 0 another line ~ | |
| 1052 > 0 1154 23 end. ~ | |
| 1053 1 1167 0 foo bar ~ | |
| 1054 | |
| 1055 The pointer will be set at the last used jump position. The next CTRL-O | |
| 1056 command will use the entry above it, the next CTRL-I command will use the | |
| 1057 entry below it. If the pointer is below the last entry, this indicates that | |
| 1058 you did not use a CTRL-I or CTRL-O before. In this case the CTRL-O command | |
| 1059 will cause the cursor position to be added to the jump list, so you can get | |
| 1060 back to the position before the CTRL-O. In this case this is line 1167. | |
| 1061 | |
| 1062 With more CTRL-O commands you will go to lines 70 and 1. If you use CTRL-I | |
| 1063 you can go back to 1154 and 1167 again. Note that the number in the "jump" | |
| 1064 column indicates the count for the CTRL-O or CTRL-I command that takes you to | |
| 1065 this position. | |
| 1066 | |
| 1067 If you use a jump command, the current line number is inserted at the end of | |
| 1068 the jump list. If the same line was already in the jump list, it is removed. | |
| 1069 The result is that when repeating CTRL-O you will get back to old positions | |
| 1070 only once. | |
| 1071 | |
| 1072 When the |:keepjumps| command modifier is used, jumps are not stored in the | |
| 836 | 1073 jumplist. Jumps are also not stored in other cases, e.g., in a |:global| |
| 1074 command. You can explicitly add a jump by setting the ' mark. | |
| 7 | 1075 |
| 1076 After the CTRL-O command that got you into line 1154 you could give another | |
| 1077 jump command (e.g., "G"). The jump list would then become: | |
| 1078 | |
| 2681 | 1079 jump line col file/text ~ |
| 7 | 1080 4 1 0 some text ~ |
| 1081 3 70 0 another line ~ | |
| 1082 2 1167 0 foo bar ~ | |
| 1083 1 1154 23 end. ~ | |
| 1084 > ~ | |
| 1085 | |
| 1086 The line numbers will be adjusted for deleted and inserted lines. This fails | |
| 1087 if you stop editing a file without writing, like with ":n!". | |
| 1088 | |
| 1089 When you split a window, the jumplist will be copied to the new window. | |
| 1090 | |
| 1091 If you have included the ' item in the 'viminfo' option the jumplist will be | |
| 1092 stored in the viminfo file and restored when starting Vim. | |
| 1093 | |
| 1094 | |
| 1095 CHANGE LIST JUMPS *changelist* *change-list-jumps* *E664* | |
| 1096 | |
| 1097 When making a change the cursor position is remembered. One position is | |
| 1098 remembered for every change that can be undone, unless it is close to a | |
| 1099 previous change. Two commands can be used to jump to positions of changes, | |
| 1100 also those that have been undone: | |
| 1101 | |
| 1102 *g;* *E662* | |
| 1103 g; Go to [count] older position in change list. | |
| 1104 If [count] is larger than the number of older change | |
| 1105 positions go to the oldest change. | |
| 1106 If there is no older change an error message is given. | |
| 1107 (not a motion command) | |
| 1108 {not in Vi} | |
|
2570
71b56b4e7785
Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
1109 {not available without the |+jumplist| feature} |
| 7 | 1110 |
| 1111 *g,* *E663* | |
| 1112 g, Go to [count] newer cursor position in change list. | |
| 236 | 1113 Just like |g;| but in the opposite direction. |
| 7 | 1114 (not a motion command) |
| 1115 {not in Vi} | |
|
2570
71b56b4e7785
Make the references to features in the help more consistent. (Sylvain Hitier)
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
|
1116 {not available without the |+jumplist| feature} |
| 7 | 1117 |
| 1118 When using a count you jump as far back or forward as possible. Thus you can | |
| 1119 use "999g;" to go to the first change for which the position is still | |
| 1120 remembered. The number of entries in the change list is fixed and is the same | |
| 1121 as for the |jumplist|. | |
| 1122 | |
| 1123 When two undo-able changes are in the same line and at a column position less | |
| 1124 than 'textwidth' apart only the last one is remembered. This avoids that a | |
| 1125 sequence of small changes in a line, for example "xxxxx", adds many positions | |
| 1126 to the change list. When 'textwidth' is zero 'wrapmargin' is used. When that | |
| 1127 also isn't set a fixed number of 79 is used. Detail: For the computations | |
| 1128 bytes are used, not characters, to avoid a speed penalty (this only matters | |
| 1129 for multi-byte encodings). | |
| 1130 | |
| 1131 Note that when text has been inserted or deleted the cursor position might be | |
| 1132 a bit different from the position of the change. Especially when lines have | |
| 1133 been deleted. | |
| 1134 | |
| 1135 When the |:keepjumps| command modifier is used the position of a change is not | |
| 1136 remembered. | |
| 1137 | |
| 1138 *:changes* | |
| 1139 :changes Print the change list. A ">" character indicates the | |
| 1140 current position. Just after a change it is below the | |
| 1141 newest entry, indicating that "g;" takes you to the | |
| 1142 newest entry position. The first column indicates the | |
| 1143 count needed to take you to this position. Example: | |
| 1144 | |
| 1145 change line col text ~ | |
| 1146 3 9 8 bla bla bla | |
| 1147 2 11 57 foo is a bar | |
| 1148 1 14 54 the latest changed line | |
| 1149 > | |
| 1150 | |
| 1151 The "3g;" command takes you to line 9. Then the | |
| 1152 output of ":changes is: | |
| 1153 | |
| 1154 change line col text ~ | |
| 1155 > 0 9 8 bla bla bla | |
| 1156 1 11 57 foo is a bar | |
| 1157 2 14 54 the latest changed line | |
| 1158 | |
| 1159 Now you can use "g," to go to line 11 and "2g," to go | |
| 1160 to line 14. | |
| 1161 | |
| 1162 ============================================================================== | |
| 1163 9. Various motions *various-motions* | |
| 1164 | |
| 1165 *%* | |
| 1166 % Find the next item in this line after or under the | |
| 1167 cursor and jump to its match. |inclusive| motion. | |
| 1168 Items can be: | |
| 1169 ([{}]) parenthesis or (curly/square) brackets | |
| 1170 (this can be changed with the | |
| 1171 'matchpairs' option) | |
| 1172 /* */ start or end of C-style comment | |
| 1173 #if, #ifdef, #else, #elif, #endif | |
| 1174 C preprocessor conditionals (when the | |
| 1175 cursor is on the # or no ([{ | |
| 1176 following) | |
| 1177 For other items the matchit plugin can be used, see | |
| 1621 | 1178 |matchit-install|. This plugin also helps to skip |
| 1179 matches in comments. | |
| 7 | 1180 |
| 1181 When 'cpoptions' contains "M" |cpo-M| backslashes | |
| 1182 before parens and braces are ignored. Without "M" the | |
| 1183 number of backslashes matters: an even number doesn't | |
| 1184 match with an odd number. Thus in "( \) )" and "\( ( | |
| 1185 \)" the first and last parenthesis match. | |
| 1621 | 1186 |
| 7 | 1187 When the '%' character is not present in 'cpoptions' |
| 1188 |cpo-%|, parens and braces inside double quotes are | |
| 1189 ignored, unless the number of parens/braces in a line | |
| 1190 is uneven and this line and the previous one does not | |
| 1191 end in a backslash. '(', '{', '[', ']', '}' and ')' | |
| 1192 are also ignored (parens and braces inside single | |
| 1193 quotes). Note that this works fine for C, but not for | |
| 1194 Perl, where single quotes are used for strings. | |
| 1621 | 1195 |
| 1196 Nothing special is done for matches in comments. You | |
| 1197 can either use the matchit plugin |matchit-install| or | |
| 1198 put quotes around matches. | |
| 1199 | |
| 1200 No count is allowed, {count}% jumps to a line {count} | |
| 1201 percentage down the file |N%|. Using '%' on | |
| 7 | 1202 #if/#else/#endif makes the movement linewise. |
| 1203 | |
| 1204 *[(* | |
| 1205 [( go to [count] previous unmatched '('. | |
| 1206 |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1207 | |
| 1208 *[{* | |
| 1209 [{ go to [count] previous unmatched '{'. | |
| 1210 |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1211 | |
| 1212 *])* | |
| 1213 ]) go to [count] next unmatched ')'. | |
| 1214 |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1215 | |
| 1216 *]}* | |
| 1217 ]} go to [count] next unmatched '}'. | |
| 1218 |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1219 | |
| 1220 The above four commands can be used to go to the start or end of the current | |
| 1221 code block. It is like doing "%" on the '(', ')', '{' or '}' at the other | |
| 1222 end of the code block, but you can do this from anywhere in the code block. | |
| 1223 Very useful for C programs. Example: When standing on "case x:", "[{" will | |
| 1224 bring you back to the switch statement. | |
| 1225 | |
| 1226 *]m* | |
| 1227 ]m Go to [count] next start of a method (for Java or | |
| 1228 similar structured language). When not before the | |
| 1229 start of a method, jump to the start or end of the | |
| 1230 class. When no '{' is found after the cursor, this is | |
| 1231 an error. |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1232 *]M* | |
| 1233 ]M Go to [count] next end of a method (for Java or | |
| 1234 similar structured language). When not before the end | |
| 1235 of a method, jump to the start or end of the class. | |
| 1236 When no '}' is found after the cursor, this is an | |
| 1237 error. |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1238 *[m* | |
| 1239 [m Go to [count] previous start of a method (for Java or | |
| 1240 similar structured language). When not after the | |
| 1241 start of a method, jump to the start or end of the | |
| 1242 class. When no '{' is found before the cursor this is | |
| 1243 an error. |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1244 *[M* | |
| 1245 [M Go to [count] previous end of a method (for Java or | |
| 1246 similar structured language). When not after the | |
| 1247 end of a method, jump to the start or end of the | |
| 1248 class. When no '}' is found before the cursor this is | |
| 1249 an error. |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1250 | |
| 1251 The above two commands assume that the file contains a class with methods. | |
| 1252 The class definition is surrounded in '{' and '}'. Each method in the class | |
| 1253 is also surrounded with '{' and '}'. This applies to the Java language. The | |
| 1254 file looks like this: > | |
| 1255 | |
| 1256 // comment | |
| 1257 class foo { | |
| 1258 int method_one() { | |
| 1259 body_one(); | |
| 1260 } | |
| 1261 int method_two() { | |
| 1262 body_two(); | |
| 1263 } | |
| 1264 } | |
| 1265 Starting with the cursor on "body_two()", using "[m" will jump to the '{' at | |
| 1266 the start of "method_two()" (obviously this is much more useful when the | |
| 1267 method is long!). Using "2[m" will jump to the start of "method_one()". | |
| 1268 Using "3[m" will jump to the start of the class. | |
| 1269 | |
| 1270 *[#* | |
| 1271 [# go to [count] previous unmatched "#if" or "#else". | |
| 1272 |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1273 | |
| 1274 *]#* | |
| 1275 ]# go to [count] next unmatched "#else" or "#endif". | |
| 1276 |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1277 | |
| 1278 These two commands work in C programs that contain #if/#else/#endif | |
| 1279 constructs. It brings you to the start or end of the #if/#else/#endif where | |
| 1280 the current line is included. You can then use "%" to go to the matching line. | |
| 1281 | |
| 1282 *[star* *[/* | |
| 1283 [* or [/ go to [count] previous start of a C comment "/*". | |
| 1284 |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1285 | |
| 1286 *]star* *]/* | |
| 1287 ]* or ]/ go to [count] next end of a C comment "*/". | |
| 1288 |exclusive| motion. {not in Vi} | |
| 1289 | |
| 1290 | |
| 1291 *H* | |
| 1292 H To line [count] from top (Home) of window (default: | |
| 1293 first line on the window) on the first non-blank | |
| 1294 character |linewise|. See also 'startofline' option. | |
| 1295 Cursor is adjusted for 'scrolloff' option. | |
| 1296 | |
| 1297 *M* | |
| 1298 M To Middle line of window, on the first non-blank | |
| 1299 character |linewise|. See also 'startofline' option. | |
| 1300 | |
| 1301 *L* | |
| 1302 L To line [count] from bottom of window (default: Last | |
| 1303 line on the window) on the first non-blank character | |
| 1304 |linewise|. See also 'startofline' option. | |
| 1305 Cursor is adjusted for 'scrolloff' option. | |
| 1306 | |
| 1307 <LeftMouse> Moves to the position on the screen where the mouse | |
| 36 | 1308 click is |exclusive|. See also |<LeftMouse>|. If the |
| 7 | 1309 position is in a status line, that window is made the |
| 1310 active window and the cursor is not moved. {not in Vi} | |
| 1311 | |
| 1312 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |