annotate runtime/tutor/tutor.pl @ 1232:fa824a910372

updated for version 7.1
author vimboss
date Sat, 12 May 2007 13:00:40 +0000
parents 8cd729851562
children
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1 ===============================================================================
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2 = W i t a j w t u t o r i a l u V I M - a - Wersja 1.7. =
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3 ===============================================================================
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4
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5 Vim to potężny edytor, który posiada wiele poleceń, zbyt dużo by
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6 wyjaśnić je wszystkie w tym tutorialu. Ten przewodnik ma nauczyć
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7 Cię posługiwać się wystarczająco wieloma komendami byś mógł łatwo
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8 używać Vima jako edytora ogólnego przeznaczenia.
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9
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10 Czas potrzebny na ukończenie tutoriala to 25 do 30 minut i zależy
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11 od tego jak wiele czasu spędzisz na eksperymentowaniu.
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12
24
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13 UWAGA:
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14 Polecenia wykonywane w czasie lekcji zmodyfikują tekst. Zrób
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15 wcześniej kopię tego pliku do ćwiczeń (jeśli zacząłeś komendą
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16 "vimtutor" to już pracujesz na kopii).
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17
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18 Pamiętaj że przewodnik ten został zaprojektowany do nauki poprzez
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19 ćwiczenia. Oznacza to, że musisz wykonywać polecenia by nauczyć się ich
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20 prawidłowo. Jeśli będziesz jedynie czytał tekst szybko zapomnisz wiele
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21 poleceń!
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22
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23 Teraz upewnij się, że nie masz wciśniętego CapsLocka i wciskaj j
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24 tak długo dopóki Lekcja 1.1. nie wypełni całkowicie ekranu.
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25
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26 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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27 Lekcja 1.1.: PORUSZANIE SIĘ KURSOREM
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28
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29 ** By wykonać ruch kursorem, wciśnij h, j, k, l jak pokazano. **
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30
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31 ^
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32 k Wskazówka: h jest po lewej
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33 < h l > l jest po prawej
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34 j j wygląda jak strzałka w dół
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35 v
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36 1. Poruszaj kursorem dopóki nie będziesz pewien, że pamiętasz polecenia.
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37
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38 2. Trzymaj j tak długo aż będzie się powtarzał.
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39 Teraz wiesz jak dojść do następnej lekcji.
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40
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41 3. Używając strzałki w dół przejdź do następnej lekcji.
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42
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43 Uwaga: Jeśli nie jesteś pewien czegoś co wpisałeś, wciśnij <ESC> by wrócić do
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44 trybu Normal. Wtedy powtórz polecenie.
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45
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46 Uwaga: Klawisze kursora także powinny działać, ale używając hjkl będziesz
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47 w stanie poruszać się o wiele szybciej jak się tylko przyzwyczaisz.
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48 Naprawdę!
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49
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50 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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51 Lekcja 1.2.: WYCHODZENIE Z VIM-a
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52
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53 !! UWAGA: Przed wykonaniem jakiegokolwiek polecenia przeczytaj całą lekcję.!!
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54
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55 1. Wciśnij <ESC> (aby upewnić się, że jesteś w trybie Normal).
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56 2. Wpisz: :q!<ENTER>.
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57 To spowoduje wyjście z edytora PORZUCAJĄC wszelkie zmiany jakie
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58 zdążyłeś zrobić. Jeśli chcesz zapamiętać zmiany i wyjść
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59 wpisz: :wq<ENTER>
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60
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61 3. Kiedy widzisz znak zachęty powłoki wpisz komendę, żeby wrócić
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62 do tutoriala. Czyli: vimtutor<ENTER>
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63
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64 4. Jeśli chcesz zapamiętać polecenia, wykonaj kroki 1. do 3. aby
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65 wyjść i wrócić do edytora.
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66
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67 UWAGA: :q!<ENTER> porzuca wszelkie zmiany jakie zrobiłeś. W następnych
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68 lekcjach dowiesz się jak je zapamiętywać.
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69
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70 5. Przenieś kursor do lekcji 1.3.
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71
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73 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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74 Lekcja 1.3.: EDYCJA TEKSTU - KASOWANIE
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75
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76 ** Wciśnij x aby usunąć znak pod kursorem. **
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78 1. Przenieś kursor do linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
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79
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80 2. By poprawić błędy, naprowadź kursor na znak do usunięcia.
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81
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82 3. Wciśnij x aby usunąć niechciany znak.
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83
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84 4. Powtarzaj kroki 2. do 4. dopóki zdanie nie jest poprawne.
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85
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86 ---> Kkrowa prrzeskoczyła prrzez ksiiężycc.
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87
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88 5. Teraz kiedy zdanie jest poprawione przejdź do Lekcji 1.4.
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89
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90 UWAGA: Ucz się przez ćwiczenie, nie wkuwanie.
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91
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92
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93
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94
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95
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96 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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97 Lekcja 1.4.: EDYCJA TEKSTU - INSERT (wprowadzanie)
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98
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99
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100 ** Wciśnij i aby wstawić tekst. **
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101
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102 1. Przenieś kursor do pierwszej linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
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103
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104 2. Aby poprawić pierwszy wiersz, ustaw kursor na pierwszym znaku PO tym
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105 gdzie tekst ma być wstawiony.
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106
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107 3. Wciśnij i a następnie wpisz konieczne poprawki.
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108
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109 4. Po poprawieniu błędu wciśnij <ESC> by wrócić do trybu Normal.
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110 Powtarzaj kroki 2. do 4. aby poprawić całe zdanie.
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111
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112 ---> W tej brkje trochę .
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113 ---> W tej linii brakuje trochę tekstu.
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114
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115 5. Kiedy czujesz się swobodnie wstawiając tekst przejdź do
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116 podsumowania poniżej.
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117
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118
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119 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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120 Lekcja 1.5.: EDYCJA TEKSTU - APPENDING (dodawanie)
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121
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122
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123 ** Wciśnij A by dodać tekst. **
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124
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125 1. Przenieś kursor do pierwszej linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
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126 Nie ma znaczenia, który to będzie znak.
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127
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128 2. Wciśnij A i wpisz odpowiednie dodatki.
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129
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130 3. Kiedy tekst został dodany, wciśnij <ESC> i wróć do trybu Normalnego.
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131
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132 4. Przenieś kursor do drugiej linii oznaczonej ---> i powtórz kroki 2 i 3
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133 aby poprawić zdanie.
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134
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135 ---> Brakuje tu tro
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136 Brakuje tu trochę tekstu.
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137 ---> Tu też trochę bra
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138 Tu też trochę brakuje.
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139
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140 5. Kiedy już utrwaliłeś ćwiczenie przejdź do lekcji 1.6.
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141
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142 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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143 Lekcja 1.6.: EDYCJA PLIKU
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144
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145
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146 ** Użyj :wq aby zapisać plik i wyjść. **
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147
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148 !! UWAGA: zanim wykonasz jakiekolwiek polecenia przeczyaj całą lekcję !!
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149
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150 1. Zakończ tutorial tak jak w lekcji 1.2.: :q!
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151
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152 2. W powłoce wydaj polecenie: vim tutor<ENTER>
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153 "vim" jest poleceniem uruchamiającym edytor Vim. 'tutor' to nazwa pliku
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154 jaki chcesz edytować. Użyj pliku jaki może zostać zmieniony.
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155
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156 3. Dodaj i usuń tekst tak jak się nauczyłeś w poprzednich lekcjach.
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157
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158 4. Zapisz plik ze zmianami i opuść Vima: :wq<ENTER>
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159
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160 5. Uruchom ponownie vimtutor i przejdź do podsumowania lekcji.
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161
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162 6. Po przeczytaniu wszystkich kroków i ich zrozumieniu: wykonaj je.
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164
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165 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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166 LEKCJA 1. PODSUMOWANIE
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167
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168 1. Poruszasz kursorem używając "strzałek" i klawiszy hjkl .
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169 h (w lewo) j (w dół) k (do góry) l (w prawo)
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170
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171 2. By wejść do Vima (z powłoki) wpisz:
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172 vim NAZWA_PLIKU<ENTER>
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173
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174 3. By wyjść z Vima wpisz:
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175 <ESC> :q!<ENTER> by usunąc wszystkie zmiany.
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176 LUB: <ESC> :wq<ENTER> by zmiany zachować.
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177
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178 4. By usunąć znak pod kursorem wciśnij: x
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179
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180 5. By wstawić tekst przed kursorem lub dodać:
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181 i wpisz tekst <ESC> wstawi przed kursorem
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182 A wpisz tekst <ESC> doda na końcu linii
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183
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184 UWAGA: Wciśnięcie <ESC> przeniesie Cię z powrotem do trybu Normal
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185 lub odwoła niechciane lub częściowo wprowadzone polecenia.
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186
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187 Teraz możemy kontynuować i przejść do Lekcji 2.
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188 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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189 Lekcja 2.1.: POLECENIE DELETE (usuwanie)
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190
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191
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192 ** Wpisz dw by usunąc wyraz. **
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193
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194 1. Wciśnij <ESC> by upewnić się, że jesteś w trybie Normal.
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195
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196 2. Przenieś kursor do linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
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197
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198 3. Przesuń kursor na początek wyrazu, które chcesz usunąć.
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199
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200 4. Wpisz dw by usunąć wyraz.
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201
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202 UWAGA: Litera d pojawi się na dole ekranu. Vim czeka na wpisanie w .
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203 Jeśli zobaczysz inny znak oznacza to, że wpisałeś coś źle, wciśnij
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204 <ESC> i zacznij od początku.
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205
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206 ---> Jest tu parę papier wyrazów, które kamień nie należą do nożyce tego zdania.
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207
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208 5. Powtarzaj kroki 3. i 4. dopóki zdanie nie będzie poprawne, potem
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209 przejdź do Lekcji 2.2.
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210
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211 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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212 Lekcja 2.2.: WIĘCEJ POLECEŃ USUWAJĄCYCH
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213
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214
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215 ** Wpisz d$ aby usunąć tekst do końca linii. **
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216
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217 1. Wciśnij <ESC> aby się upewnić, że jesteś w trybie Normal.
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218
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219 2. Przenieś kursor do linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
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220
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221 3. Przenieś kursor do końca poprawnego zdania (PO pierwszej . ).
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222
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223 4. Wpisz d$ aby usunąć resztę linii.
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224
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225 ---> Ktoś wpisał koniec tego zdania dwukrotnie. zdania dwukrotnie.
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226
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227
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228 5. Przejdź do Lekcji 2.3. by zrozumieć co się stało.
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229
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230
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231
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232
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233
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234 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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235 Lekcja 2.3.: O OPERATORACH I RUCHACH
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236
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237
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238 Wiele poleceń zmieniających tekst są złożone z operatora i ruchu.
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239 Format dla polecenia usuwającego z operatorem d jest taki:
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240
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241 d ruch
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242
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243 Gdzie:
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244 d - operator usuwania.
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245 ruch - na czym polecenie będzie wykonywane (lista poniżej).
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246
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247 Krótka lista ruchów:
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248 w - do początku następnego wyrazu WYŁĄCZAJĄC pierwszy znak.
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249 e - do końca bieżącego wyrazu, WŁĄCZAJĄC ostatni znak.
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250 $ - do końca linii, WŁĄCZAJĄC ostatni znak.
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251
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252 W ten sposób wpisanie de usunie znaki od kursora do końca wyrazu.
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253
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254 UWAGA: Wpisanie tylko ruchu w trybie Normal bez operatora przeniesie kursor
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255 tak jak to określono.
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256
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257 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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258 Lekcja 2.4.: UŻYCIE MNOŻNIKA DLA RUCHU
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259
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260
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261 ** Wpisanie liczby przed ruchem powtarza ruch odpowiednią ilość razy. **
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262
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263 1. Przenieś kursor na początek linii poniżej zaznaczonej --->.
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264
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265 2. Wpisz 2w aby przenieść kursor o dwa wyrazy do przodu.
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266
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267 3. Wpisz 3e aby przenieść kursor do końca trzeciego wyrazu w przód.
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268
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269 4. Wpisz 0 (zero) aby przenieść kursor do początku linii.
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270
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271 5. Powtórz kroki 2. i 3. z innymi liczbami.
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272
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273
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274 ---> To jest zwykły wiersz z wyrazami po których możesz się poruszać.
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275
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276 6. Przejdź do lekcji 2.5.
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277
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278
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279
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280 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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281 Lekcja 2.5.: UŻYCIE MNOŻNIKA BY WIĘCEJ USUNĄĆ
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282
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283
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284 ** Wpisanie liczby z operatorem powtarza go odpowiednią ilość razy. **
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285
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286 W wyżej wspomnianej kombinacji operatora usuwania i ruchu podaj mnożnik
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287 przed ruchem by więcej usunąć:
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288 d liczba ruch
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289
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290 1. Przenieś kursor do pierwszego wyrazu KAPITALIKAMI w linii zaznaczonej --->.
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291
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292 2. Wpisz 2dw aby usunąć dwa wyrazy KAPITALIKAMI.
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293
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294 3. Powtarzaj kroki 1. i 2. z innymi mnożnikami aby usunąć kolejne wyrazy
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295 KAPITALIKAMI jednym poleceniem
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296
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297 ---> ta ASD WE linia QWE ASDF ZXCV FG wyrazów została ERT FGH CF oczyszczona.
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298
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299 UWAGA: Mnożnik pomiędzy operatorem d i ruchem działa podobnie do ruchu bez
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300 operatora.
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301
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302
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303 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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304 Lekcja 2.6.: OPEROWANIE NA LINIACH
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305
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306
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307 ** Wpisz dd aby usunąć całą linię. **
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308
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309 Z powodu częstości usuwania całych linii, projektanci Vi zdecydowali, że
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310 będzie łatwiej wpisać dwa razy d aby usunąć linię.
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311
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312 1. Przenieś kursor do drugiego zdania z wierszyka poniżej.
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313 2. Wpisz dd aby usunąć wiersz.
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314 3. Teraz przenieś się do czwartego wiersza.
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315 4. Wpisz 2dd aby usunąc dwa wiersze.
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316
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317 ---> 1) Róże są czerwone,
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318 ---> 2) Błoto jest fajne,
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319 ---> 3) Fiołki są niebieskie,
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320 ---> 4) Mam samochód,
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321 ---> 5) Zegar podaje czas,
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322 ---> 6) Cukier jest słodki,
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323 ---> 7) I ty też.
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324
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325
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326 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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327 Lekcja 2.7.: POLECENIE UNDO (cofnij)
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328
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329
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330 ** Wciśnij u aby cofnąć skutki ostatniego polecenia.
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331 U zaś, by cofnąć skutki dla całej linii. **
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332
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333 1. Przenieś kursor do zdania poniżej oznaczonego ---> i umieść go na
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334 pierwszym błędzie.
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335 2. Wpisz x aby usunąć pierwszy niechciany znak.
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336 3. Teraz wciśnij u aby cofnąć skutki ostatniego polecenia.
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337 4. Tym razem popraw wszystkie błędy w linii używając polecenia x .
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338 5. Teraz wciśnij wielkie U aby przywrócić linię do oryginalnego stanu.
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339 6. Teraz wciśnij u kilka razy by cofnąć U i poprzednie polecenia.
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340 7. Teraz wpisz CTRL-R (trzymaj równocześnie wciśnięte klawisze CTRL i R)
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341 kilka razy, by cofnąć cofnięcia.
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342
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343 ---> Poopraw blędyyy w teej liniii i zaamiień je prrzez coofnij.
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344
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345 8. To są bardzo pożyteczne polecenia.
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346
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347 Przejdź teraz do podsumowania Lekcji 2.
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348
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349 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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350 LEKCJA 2. PODSUMOWANIE
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351
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352
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353 1. By usunąć znaki od kursora do następnego wyrazu wpisz: dw
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354 2. By usunąć znaki od kursora do końca linii wpisz: d$
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355 3. By usunąć całą linię: dd
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356 4. By powtórzyć ruch poprzedź go liczbą: 2w
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357 5. Format polecenia zmiany to:
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358 operator [liczba] ruch
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359 gdzie:
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360 operator - to co trzeba zrobić (np. d dla usuwania)
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361 [liczba] - opcjonalne, ile razy powtórzyć ruch
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362 ruch - przenosi nad tekstem do operowania, takim jak w (wyraz),
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363 $ (do końca linii), etc.
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364
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365 6. By przejść do początku linii użyj zera: 0
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366 7. By cofnąć poprzednie polecenie, wpisz: u (małe u)
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367 By cofnąć wszystkie zmiany w linii wpisz: U (wielkie U)
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368 By cofnąć cofnięcia wpisz: CTRL-R
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369
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370
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371
7
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372 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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373 Lekcja 3.1.: POLECENIE PUT (wstaw)
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374
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375
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376 ** Wpisz p by wstawić ostatnie usunięcia za kursorem. **
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377
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378 1. Przenieś kursor do pierwszej linii ---> poniżej.
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379
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380 2. Wpisz dd aby usunąć linię i przechować ją w rejestrze Vima.
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381
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382 3. Przenieś kursor do linii c), POWYŻEJ tej gdzie usunięta linia powinna
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383 się znajdować.
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384
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385 4. Wciśnij p by wstawić linię poniżej kursora.
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386
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387 5. Powtarzaj kroki 2. do 4. aż znajdą się w odpowiednim porządku.
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388
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389 ---> d) Jak dwa aniołki.
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390 ---> b) Na dole fiołki,
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391 ---> c) A my się kochamy,
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392 ---> a) Na górze róże,
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393
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394
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395 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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396 Lekcja 3.2.: POLECENIE REPLACE (zastąp)
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397
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398
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399 ** Wpisz rx aby zastąpić znak pod kursorem na x . **
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400
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401 1. Przenieś kursor do pierwszej linii poniżej oznaczonej --->
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402
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403 2. Ustaw kursor na pierwszym błędzie.
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404
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405 3. Wpisz r a potem znak jaki powinien go zastąpić.
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406
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407 4. Powtarzaj kroki 2. i 3. dopóki pierwsza linia nie będzie taka jak druga.
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408
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409 ---> Kjedy ten wiersz bił wstókiwany ktoś wciznął perę złych klawirzy!
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410 ---> Kiedy ten wiersz był wstukiwany ktoś wcisnął parę złych klawiszy!
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411
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412 5. Teraz czas na Lekcję 3.3.
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413
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414
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415 UWAGA: Pamiętaj by uczyć się ćwicząc, a nie pamięciowo.
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416
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417
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418 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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419 Lekcja 3.3.: OPERATOR CHANGE (zmień)
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420
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421 ** By zmienić do końca wyrazu wpisz ce . **
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422
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423 1. Przenieś kursor do pierwszej linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
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424
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425 2. Umieść kursor na u w lunos.
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426
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427 3. Wpisz ce i popraw wyraz (w tym wypadku wstaw inia ).
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428
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429 4. Wciśnij <ESC> i przejdź do następnej planowanej zmiany.
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430
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431 5. Powtarzaj kroki 3. i 4. dopóki pierwsze zdanie nie będzie takie same
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432 jak drugie.
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433
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434 ---> Ta lunos ma pire słów, które tżina zbnic użifajonc pcmazu zmień.
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435 ---> Ta linia ma parę słów, które trzeba zmienić używając polecenia zmień.
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436
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437 Zauważ, że ce nie tylko zamienia wyraz, ale także zmienia tryb na
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438 Insert (wprowadzanie).
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439
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440
7
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441 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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442 Lekcja 3.4.: WIĘCEJ ZMIAN UŻYWAJĄC c
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443
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444
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445 ** Polecenie change używa takich samych ruchów jak delete. **
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446
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447 1. Operator change działa tak samo jak delete. Format wygląda tak:
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448
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449 c [liczba] ruch
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450
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451 2. Ruchy są także takie same, np.: w (wyraz), $ (koniec linii), etc.
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452
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453 3. Przenieś się do pierwszej linii poniżej oznaczonej --->
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454
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455 4. Ustaw kursor na pierwszym błędzie.
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456
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457 5. Wpisz c$ , popraw koniec wiersza i wciśnij <ESC>.
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458
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459 ---> Koniec tego wiersza musi być poprawiony aby wyglądał tak jak drugi.
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460 ---> Koniec tego wiersza musi być poprawiony używając polecenia c$ .
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461
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462 UWAGA: Możesz używać <BS> aby poprawiać błędy w czasie pisania.
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463
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464 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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465 LEKCJA 3. PODSUMOWANIE
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466
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467
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468 1. Aby wstawić tekst, który został wcześniej usunięty wciśnij p . To
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469 polecenie wstawia skasowany tekst PO kursorze (jeśli cała linia
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470 została usunięta, zostanie ona umieszczona w linii poniżej kursora).
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471
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472 2. By zamienić znak pod kursorem wciśnij r a potem znak, który ma zastąpić
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473 oryginalny.
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474
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475 3. Operator change pozwala Ci na zastąpienie od kursora do miejsca gdzie
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476 zabrałby cię ruch. Np. wpisz ce aby zamienić tekst od kursora do końca
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477 wyrazu, c$ aby zmienić tekst do końca linii.
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478
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479 4. Format do polecenia change (zmień):
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480
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481 c [liczba] obiekt
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482
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483 Teraz przejdź do następnej lekcji.
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484
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485
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486
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487 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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488 Lekcja 4.1.: POŁOŻENIE KURSORA ORAZ STATUS PLIKU
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489
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490 ** Naciśnij CTRL-G aby zobaczyć swoje położenie w pliku i status
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491 pliku. Naciśnij G aby przejść do linii w pliku. **
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492
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493 UWAGA: Przeczytaj całą lekcję zanim wykonasz jakieś polecenia!!!
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494
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495 1. Przytrzymaj klawisz CTRL i wciśnij g . Używamy notacji CTRL-G.
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496 Na dole strony pojawi się pasek statusu z nazwą pliku i pozycją w pliku.
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497 Zapamiętaj numer linii dla potrzeb kroku 3.
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498
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499 UWAGA: Możesz też zobaczyć pozycję kursora w prawym, dolnym rogu ekranu.
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500 Dzieje się tak kiedy ustawiona jest opcja 'ruler' (wyjaśnione w lekcji 6.).
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501
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502 2. Wciśnij G aby przejść na koniec pliku.
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503 Wciśnij gg aby przejść do początku pliku.
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504
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505 3. Wpisz numer linii, w której byłeś a potem G . To przeniesie cię
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506 z powrotem do linii, w której byłeś kiedy wcisnąłeś CTRL-G.
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507
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508 4. Jeśli czujesz się wystarczająco pewnie, wykonaj kroki 1-3.
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509
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510 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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511 Lekcja 4.2.: POLECENIE SZUKAJ
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512
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513
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514 ** Wpisz / a następnie wyrażenie aby je znaleźć. **
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515
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516 1. W trybie Normal wpisz / . Zauważ, że znak ten, oraz kursor pojawią
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517 się na dole ekranu tak samo jak polecenie : .
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518
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519 2. Teraz wpisz błond<ENTER> . To jest słowo, którego chcesz szukać.
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diff changeset
520
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diff changeset
521 3. By szukać tej samej frazy ponownie, po prostu wciśnij n .
24
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diff changeset
522 Aby szukać tej frazy w przeciwnym, kierunku wciśnij N .
7
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diff changeset
523
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diff changeset
524 4. Jeśli chcesz szukać frazy do tyłu, użyj polecenia ? zamiast / .
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parents:
diff changeset
525
24
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diff changeset
526 5. Aby wrócić gdzie byłeś wciśnij CTRL-O. Powtarzaj by wrócić dalej. CTRL-I
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parents: 7
diff changeset
527 idzie do przodu.
7
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diff changeset
528
819
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diff changeset
529 Uwaga: 'błond' to nie jest metoda by przeliterować błąd; 'błond' to błąd.
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parents: 24
diff changeset
530 Uwaga: Kiedy szukanie osiągnie koniec pliku będzie kontynuowało od początku
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parents: 24
diff changeset
531 o ile opcja 'wrapscan' nie została przestawiona.
7
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diff changeset
532
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diff changeset
533 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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parents:
diff changeset
534 Lekcja 4.3.: W POSZUKIWANIU PARUJĄCYCH NAWIASÓW
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parents:
diff changeset
535
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diff changeset
536
819
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diff changeset
537 ** Wpisz % by znaleźć parujący ), ], lub } . **
7
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diff changeset
538
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diff changeset
539 1. Umieść kursor na którymś z (, [, lub { w linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
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parents:
diff changeset
540
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
541 2. Teraz wpisz znak % .
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diff changeset
542
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parents:
diff changeset
543 3. Kursor powinien się znaleźć na parującym nawiasie.
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diff changeset
544
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diff changeset
545 4. Wciśnij % aby przenieść kursor z powrotem do parującego nawiasu.
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parents:
diff changeset
546
24
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diff changeset
547 5. Przenieś kursor do innego (,),[,],{ lub } i zobacz co robi % .
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parents: 7
diff changeset
548
7
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diff changeset
549 ---> To ( jest linia testowa z (, [, ] i {, } . ))
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parents:
diff changeset
550
819
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diff changeset
551 Uwaga: Ta funkcja jest bardzo użyteczna w debuggowaniu programu
7
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parents:
diff changeset
552 z niesparowanymi nawiasami!
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diff changeset
553
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diff changeset
554
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diff changeset
555
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diff changeset
556 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
24
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diff changeset
557 Lekcja 4.4.: POLECENIE SUBSTITUTE (zamiana)
7
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diff changeset
558
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diff changeset
559
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diff changeset
560 ** Wpisz :s/stary/nowy/g aby zamienić 'stary' na 'nowy'. **
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diff changeset
561
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diff changeset
562 1. Przenieś kursor do linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
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parents:
diff changeset
563
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diff changeset
564 2. Wpisz :s/czaas/czas<ENTER> . Zauważ, że to polecenie zmienia
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
565 tylko pierwsze wystąpienie 'czaas' w linii.
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parents:
diff changeset
566
24
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diff changeset
567 3. Teraz wpisz :s/czaas/czas/g . Dodane g oznacza zamianę (substytucję)
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parents: 7
diff changeset
568 globalnie w całej linii. Zmienia wszystkie wystąpienia 'czaas' w linii.
7
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parents:
diff changeset
569
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diff changeset
570 ---> Najlepszy czaas na zobaczenie najładniejszych kwiatów to czaas wiosny.
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diff changeset
571
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diff changeset
572 4. Aby zmienić wszystkie wystąpienia łańcucha znaków pomiędzy dwoma liniami,
24
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diff changeset
573 wpisz: :#,#s/stare/nowe/g gdzie #,# są numerami linii ograniczających
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diff changeset
574 region gdzie ma nastąpić zamiana.
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diff changeset
575 wpisz :%s/stare/nowe/g by zmienić wszystkie wystąpienia w całym pliku.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
576 wpisz :%s/stare/nowe/gc by zmienić wszystkie wystąpienia w całym
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diff changeset
577 pliku, prosząc o potwierdzenie za każdym razem
7
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diff changeset
578
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parents:
diff changeset
579 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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vimboss
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diff changeset
580 LEKCJA 4. PODSUMOWANIE
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parents:
diff changeset
581
24
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diff changeset
582 1. CTRL-G pokaże Twoją pozycję w pliku i status pliku. SHIFT-G przenosi
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parents: 7
diff changeset
583 cię do końca pliku.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
584 G przenosi do końca pliku.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
585 liczba G przenosi do linii [liczba].
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parents: 7
diff changeset
586 gg przenosi do pierwszej linii.
7
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diff changeset
587
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diff changeset
588 2. Wpisanie / a następnie łańcucha znaków szuka łańcucha DO PRZODU.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
589 Wpisanie ? a następnie łańcucha znaków szuka łańcucha DO TYŁU.
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parents:
diff changeset
590 Po wyszukiwaniu wciśnij n by znaleźć następne wystąpienie szukanej
24
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diff changeset
591 frazy tym samym kierunku lub N by szukać w kierunku przeciwnym.
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diff changeset
592 CTRL-O przenosi do starszych pozycji, CTRL-I do nowszych.
7
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parents:
diff changeset
593
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
594 3. Wpisanie % gdy kursor znajduje się na (,),[,],{, lub } lokalizuje
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
595 parujący znak.
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parents:
diff changeset
596
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diff changeset
597 4. By zamienić pierwszy stary na nowy w linii wpisz :s/stary/nowy
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parents:
diff changeset
598 By zamienić wszystkie stary na nowy w linii wpisz :s/stary/nowy/g
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
599 By zamienić frazy pomiędzy dwoma liniami # wpisz :#,#s/stary/nowy/g
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diff changeset
600 By zamienić wszystkie wystąpienia w pliku wpisz :%s/stary/nowy/g
819
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diff changeset
601 By Vim prosił Cię o potwierdzenie dodaj 'c' :%s/stary/nowy/gc
7
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parents:
diff changeset
602 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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diff changeset
603 Lekcja 5.1.: JAK WYKONAĆ POLECENIA ZEWNĘTRZNE
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parents:
diff changeset
604
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diff changeset
605
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diff changeset
606 ** Wpisz :! a następnie zewnętrzne polecenie by je wykonać. **
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parents:
diff changeset
607
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diff changeset
608 1. Wpisz znajome polecenie : by ustawić kursor na dole ekranu. To pozwala
819
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diff changeset
609 na wprowadzenie komendy linii poleceń.
7
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diff changeset
610
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vimboss
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diff changeset
611 2. Teraz wstaw ! (wykrzyknik). To umożliwi Ci wykonanie dowolnego
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parents:
diff changeset
612 zewnętrznego polecenia powłoki.
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diff changeset
613
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diff changeset
614 3. Jako przykład wpisz ls za ! a następnie wciśnij <ENTER>. To polecenie
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
615 pokaże spis plików w Twoim katalogu, tak jakbyś był przy znaku zachęty
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
616 powłoki. Możesz też użyć :!dir jeśli ls nie działa.
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parents:
diff changeset
617
24
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diff changeset
618 Uwaga: W ten sposób można wykonać wszystkie polecenia powłoki.
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diff changeset
619 Uwaga: Wszystkie polecenia : muszą być zakończone <ENTER>.
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diff changeset
620 Od tego momentu nie zawsze będziemy o tym wspominać.
7
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diff changeset
621
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diff changeset
622
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diff changeset
623
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diff changeset
624
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diff changeset
625 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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vimboss
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diff changeset
626 Lekcja 5.2.: WIĘCEJ O ZAPISYWANIU PLIKÓW
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diff changeset
627
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diff changeset
628
24
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diff changeset
629 ** By zachować zmiany w tekści wpisz :w NAZWA_PLIKU . **
7
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diff changeset
630
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diff changeset
631 1. Wpisz :!dir lub :!ls by zobaczyć spis plików w katalogu.
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parents:
diff changeset
632 Już wiesz, że musisz wcisnąć <ENTER> po tym.
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diff changeset
633
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vimboss
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diff changeset
634 2. Wybierz nazwę pliku jaka jeszcze nie istnieje, np. TEST.
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parents:
diff changeset
635
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diff changeset
636 3. Teraz wpisz: :w TEST (gdzie TEST jest nazwą pliku jaką wybrałeś.)
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diff changeset
637
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diff changeset
638 4. To polecenie zapamięta cały plik (Vim Tutor) pod nazwą TEST.
24
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diff changeset
639 By to sprawdzić wpisz :!dir lub :!ls , żeby znowu zobaczyć listę plików.
7
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parents:
diff changeset
640
819
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diff changeset
641 Uwaga: Zauważ, że gdybyś teraz wyszedł z Vima, a następnie wszedł ponownie
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parents: 24
diff changeset
642 poleceniem vim TEST , plik byłby dokładną kopią tutoriala kiedy go
24
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diff changeset
643 zapisywałeś.
7
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diff changeset
644
819
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diff changeset
645 5. Teraz usuń plik wpisując (MS-DOS): :!del TEST
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diff changeset
646 lub (Unix): :!rm TEST
7
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647
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648 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
24
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diff changeset
649 Lekcja 5.3.: WYBRANIE TEKSTU DO ZAPISU
7
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diff changeset
650
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diff changeset
651
24
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diff changeset
652 ** By zachować część pliku wpisz v ruch :w NAZWA_PLIKU **
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diff changeset
653
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diff changeset
654 1. Przenieś kursor do tego wiersza.
7
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655
24
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diff changeset
656 2. Wciśnij v i przenieś kursor do punktu 5. Zauważ, że tekst został
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diff changeset
657 podświetlony.
7
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658
24
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diff changeset
659 3. Wciśnij znak : . Na dole ekranu pojawi się :'<,'> .
7
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diff changeset
660
24
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diff changeset
661 4. Wpisz w TEST , gdzie TEST to nazwa pliku, który jeszcze nie istnieje.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
662 Upewnij się, że widzisz :'<,'>w TEST zanim wciśniesz Enter.
7
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diff changeset
663
24
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diff changeset
664 5. Vim zapisze wybrane linie do pliku TEST. Użyj :!dir lub :!ls , żeby to
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diff changeset
665 zobaczyć. Jeszcze go nie usuwaj! Użyjemy go w następnej lekcji.
7
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diff changeset
666
24
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diff changeset
667 UWAGA: Wciśnięcie v zaczyna tryb Wizualny. Możesz poruszać kursorem by
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diff changeset
668 zmienić rozmiary zaznaczenia. Możesz też użyć operatora by zrobić coś
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diff changeset
669 z tekstem. Na przykład d usuwa tekst.
7
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diff changeset
670
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diff changeset
671 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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vimboss
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diff changeset
672 Lekcja 5.4.: WSTAWIANIE I ŁĄCZENIE PLIKÓW
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diff changeset
673
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diff changeset
674
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vimboss
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diff changeset
675 ** By wstawić zawartość pliku wpisz :r NAZWA_PLIKU **
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diff changeset
676
24
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diff changeset
677 1. Umieść kursor tuż powyżej tej linii.
7
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parents:
diff changeset
678
24
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diff changeset
679 UWAGA: Po wykonaniu kroku 2. zobaczysz tekst z Lekcji 5.3. Potem przejdź
7
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parents:
diff changeset
680 do DOŁU by zobaczyć ponownie tę lekcję.
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parents:
diff changeset
681
24
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parents: 7
diff changeset
682 2. Teraz wczytaj plik TEST używając polecenia :r TEST , gdzie TEST
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
683 jest nazwą pliku.
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
684 Wczytany plik jest umieszczony poniżej linii z kursorem.
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
685
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
686 3. By sprawdzić czy plik został wczytany cofnij kursor i zobacz, że
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
687 teraz są dwie kopie Lekcji 5.3., oryginał i kopia z pliku.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
688
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
689 UWAGA: Możesz też wczytać wyjście zewnętrznego polecenia. Na przykład
819
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vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
690 :r !ls wczytuje wyjście polecenia ls i umieszcza je pod poniżej
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
691 kursora.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
692
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
693
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
694 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
695 LEKCJA 5. PODSUMOWANIE
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
696
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
697
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
698 1. :!polecenie wykonuje polecenie zewnętrzne.
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
699
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
700 Użytecznymi przykładami są:
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
701
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
702 :!dir - pokazuje spis plików w katalogu.
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
703
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
704 :!rm NAZWA_PLIKU - usuwa plik NAZWA_PLIKU.
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
705
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
706 2. :w NAZWA_PLIKU zapisuje obecny plik Vima na dysk z nazwą NAZWA_PLIKU.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
707
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
708 3. v ruch :w NAZWA_PLIKU zapisuje Wizualnie wybrane linie do NAZWA_PLIKU.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
709
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
710 4. :r NAZWA_PLIKU wczytuje z dysku plik NAZWA_PLIKU i wstawia go do
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
711 bieżącego pliku poniżej kursora.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
712
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
713 5. :r !dir wczytuje wyjście polecenia dir i umieszcza je poniżej kursora.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
714
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
715
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
716
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
717 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
718 Lekcja 6.1.: POLECENIE OPEN (otwórz)
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
719
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
720
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
721 ** Wpisz o by otworzyć linię poniżej kursora i przenieść się do
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
722 trybu Insert (wprowadzanie). **
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
723
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
724 1. Przenieś kursor do linii poniżej oznaczonej --->.
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
725
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
726 2. Wpisz o (małe) by otworzyć linię PONIŻEJ kursora i przenieść się
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
727 do trybu Insert (wprowadzanie).
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
728
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
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parents: 7
diff changeset
729 3. Wpisz trochę tekstu i wciśnij <ESC> by wyjść z trybu Insert (wprowadzanie).
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
730
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
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parents: 7
diff changeset
731 ---> Po wciśnięciu o kursor znajdzie się w otwartej linii w trybie Insert.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
732
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
733 4. By otworzyć linię POWYŻEJ kursora wciśnij wielkie O zamiast małego
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
734 o . Wypróbuj to na linii poniżej.
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
735
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
736 ---> Otwórz linię powyżej wciskając SHIFT-O gdy kursor będzie na tej linii.
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vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
737
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
738
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
739
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
740 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
741 Lekcja 6.2.: POLECENIE APPEND (dodaj)
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
742
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
743
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
744 ** Wpisz a by dodać tekst ZA kursorem. **
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
745
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
746 1. Przenieś kursor do początku pierwszej linii poniżej oznaczonej --->
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
747
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
748 2. Wciskaj e dopóki kursor nie będzie na końcu li .
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
749
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
750 3. Wpisz a (małe) aby dodać tekst ZA znakiem pod kursorem.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
751
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
752 4. Dokończ wyraz tak jak w linii poniżej. Wciśnij <ESC> aby opuścić tryb
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
753 Insert.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
754
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
755 5. Użyj e by przejść do kolejnego niedokończonego wyrazu i powtarzaj kroki
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
756 3. i 4.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
757
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
758 ---> Ta li poz Ci ćwi dodaw teks do koń lin
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
759 ---> Ta linia pozwoli Ci ćwiczyć dodawanie tekstu do końca linii.
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
760
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
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parents: 24
diff changeset
761 Uwaga: a , i oraz A prowadzą do trybu Insert, jedyną różnicą jest miejsce
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
762 gdzie nowe znaki będą dodawane.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
763 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
764 Lekcja 6.3.: INNA WERSJA REPLACE (zamiana)
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
765
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
766
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
767 ** Wpisz wielkie R by zamienić więcej niż jeden znak. **
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
768
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
769 1. Przenieś kursor do pierwszej linii poniżej oznaczonej --->. Przenieś
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
770 kursor do pierwszego xxx .
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
771
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
772 2. Wciśnij R i wpisz numer poniżej w drugiej linii, tak, że zastąpi on
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
773 xxx.
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
774
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
775 3. Wciśnij <ESC> by opuścić tryb Replace. Zauważ, że reszta linii pozostaje
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
776 niezmieniona.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
777
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
778 5. Powtarzaj kroki by wymienić wszystkie xxx.
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
779
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
780 ---> Dodanie 123 do xxx daje xxx.
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
781 ---> Dodanie 123 do 456 daje 579.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
782
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
783 UWAGA: Tryb Replace jest jak tryb Insert, ale każdy znak usuwa istniejący
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
784 znak.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
785
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
786 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
787 Lekcja 6.4.: KOPIOWANIE I WKLEJANIE TEKSTU
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
788
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
789
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
790 ** użyj operatora y aby skopiować tekst i p aby go wkleić **
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
791
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
792 1. Przejdź do linii oznaczonej ---> i umieść kursor za "a)".
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
793
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
794 2. Wejdź w tryb Visual v i przenieś kursor na początek "pierwszy".
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
795
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
796 3. Wciśnij y aby yankować (kopiować) podświetlony tekst.
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
797
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
798 4. Przenieś kursor do końca następnej linii: j$
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
799
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
800 5. Wciśnij p aby wpakować (paste) tekst. Dodaj: a drugi<ESC> .
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
801
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
802 6. Użyj trybu Wizualnego aby wybrać " element.", yankuj go y , przejdź do
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
803 końca następnej linii j$ i upakuj tam tekst z p .
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
804
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
805 ---> a) to jest pierwszy element.
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
806 b)
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
807 Uwaga: możesz użyć y jako operatora; yw kopiuje jeden wyraz.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
808
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
809 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
810 Lekcja 6.5.: USTAWIANIE OPCJI
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
811
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
812
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
813 ** Ustawianie opcji tak by szukaj lub substytucja ignorowały wielkość liter **
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
814
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
815 1. Szukaj 'ignore' wpisując: /ignore<ENTER>
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
816 Powtórz szukanie kilka razy naciskając klawisz n .
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
817
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
818 2. Ustaw opcję 'ic' (Ignore case -- ignoruj wielkość liter) poprzez
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
819 wpisanie: :set ic
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
820
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
821 3. Teraz szukaj 'ignore' ponownie wciskając: n
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
822 Zauważ, że Ignore i IGNORE także są teraz znalezione.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
823
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
824 4. Ustaw opcje 'hlsearch' i 'incsearch': :set hls is
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
825
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
826 5. Teraz wprowadź polecenie szukaj ponownie i zobacz co się zdarzy:
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
827 /ignore<ENTER>
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
828
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
829 6. Aby wyłączyć ignorowanie wielkości liter: :set noic
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
830
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
831 Uwaga: Aby usunąć podświetlanie dopasowań wpisz: :nohlsearch
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
832 Uwaga: Aby ignorować wielkość liter dla jednego wyszukiwania: /ignore\c<ENTER>
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
833 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
834 LEKCJA 6. PODSUMOWANIE
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
835
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
836
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
837 1. Wpisanie o otwiera linię PONIŻEJ kursora.
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
838 Wpisanie O otwiera linię POWYŻEJ kursora.
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
839
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
840 2. Wpisanie a by wstawić tekst ZA znakiem na, którym jest kursor.
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
841 Wpisanie A dodaje tekst na końcu linii.
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
842
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
843 3. Polecenie e przenosi do końca wyrazu.
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
844 4. Operator y yankuje (kopiuje) tekst, p pakuje (wkleja, paste) go.
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
845 5. Wpisanie wielkiego R wprowadza w tryb Replace (zamiana) dopóki
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
846 nie zostanie wciśnięty <ESC>.
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
847 6. Wpisanie ":set xxx" ustawia opcję "xxx". Nietkóre opcje:
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
848 'ic' 'ignorecase' ignoruj wielkość znaków
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
849 'is' 'incsearch' pokaż częściowe dopasowania
24
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
850 'hls' 'hlsearch' podświetl wszystkie dopasowania
8ff7fd162d3c updated for version 7.0016
vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
851 Możesz użyć zarówno długiej jak i krótkiej formy.
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vimboss
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diff changeset
852 7. Dodaj "no" aby wyłączyć opcję: :set noic
7
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diff changeset
853
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diff changeset
854
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diff changeset
855
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diff changeset
856
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diff changeset
857
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diff changeset
858 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
819
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859 LEKCJA 7.1. JAK UZYSKAĆ POMOC
7
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860
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diff changeset
861 ** Użycie systemu pomocy on-line **
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862
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863 Vim posiada bardzo dobry system pomocy on-line. By zacząć spróbuj jednej
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864 z trzech możliwości:
819
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diff changeset
865 - wciśnij klawisz <HELP> (jeśli taki masz)
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diff changeset
866 - wciśnij klawisz <F1> (jeśli taki masz)
7
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diff changeset
867 - wpisz :help<ENTER>
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diff changeset
868
24
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diff changeset
869 Przeczytaj tekst w oknie pomocy aby dowiedzieć się jak działa pomoc.
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diff changeset
870 wpisz CTRL-W CTRL-W aby przeskoczyć z jednego okna do innego
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diff changeset
871 wpisz :q<ENTER> aby zamknąć okno pomocy.
7
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872
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873 Możesz też znaleźć pomoc na każdy temat podając argument polecenia ":help".
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874 Spróbuj tych (nie zapomnij wcisnąć <ENTER>):
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parents:
diff changeset
875
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vimboss
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diff changeset
876 :help w
24
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diff changeset
877 :help c_CTRL-D
7
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878 :help insert-index
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diff changeset
879 :help user-manual
24
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diff changeset
880 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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diff changeset
881 LEKCJA 7.2. TWORZENIE SKRYPTU STARTOWEGO
7
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882
819
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diff changeset
883 ** Włącz możliwości Vima **
7
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884
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885 Vim ma o wiele więcej możliwości niż Vi, ale większość z nich jest domyślnie
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vimboss
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886 wyłączona. Jeśli chcesz włączyć te możliwości na starcie musisz utworzyć
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diff changeset
887 plik "vimrc".
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diff changeset
888
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889 1. Początek edycji pliku "vimrc" zależy od Twojego systemu:
24
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diff changeset
890 :edit ~/.vimrc dla Uniksa
7
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891 :edit $VIM/_vimrc dla MS-Windows
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parents:
diff changeset
892 2. Teraz wczytaj przykładowy plik "vimrc":
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parents:
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893 :read $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim
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894 3. Zapisz plik:
24
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diff changeset
895 :w
7
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896
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vimboss
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897 Następnym razem gdy zaczniesz pracę w Vimie będzie on używać podświetlania
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
898 składni. Możesz dodać wszystkie swoje ulubione ustawienia do tego pliku
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vimboss
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diff changeset
899 "vimrc".
24
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diff changeset
900 Aby uzyskać więcej informacji wpisz :help vimrc-intro
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901
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diff changeset
902 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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diff changeset
903 Lekcja 7.3.: UZUPEŁNIANIE
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diff changeset
904
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diff changeset
905
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diff changeset
906 ** Uzupełnianie linii poleceń z CTRL-D i <TAB> **
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parents: 7
diff changeset
907
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diff changeset
908 1. Upewnij się, że Vim nie jest w trybie kompatybilności: :set nocp
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parents: 7
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909
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diff changeset
910 2. Zerknij jakie pliki są w bieżącm katalogu: :!ls lub :!dir
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diff changeset
911
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diff changeset
912 3. Wpisz początek polecenia: :e
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diff changeset
913
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diff changeset
914 4. Wciśnij CTRL-D i Vim pokaże listę poleceń jakie zaczynają się na "e".
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parents: 7
diff changeset
915
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diff changeset
916 5. Wciśnij <TAB> i Vim uzupełni polecenie do ":edit".
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parents: 7
diff changeset
917
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diff changeset
918 6. Dodaj spację i zacznij wpisywać nazwę istniejącego pliku: :edit FIL
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parents: 7
diff changeset
919
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diff changeset
920 7. Wciśnij <TAB>. Vim uzupełni nazwę (jeśli jest niepowtarzalna).
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parents: 7
diff changeset
921
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diff changeset
922 UWAGA: Uzupełnianie działa dla wielu poleceń. Spróbuj wcisnąć CTRL-D i <TAB>.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
923 Użyteczne zwłaszcza przy :help .
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parents: 7
diff changeset
924 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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diff changeset
925 Lekcja 7. PODSUMOWANIE
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parents: 7
diff changeset
926
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parents: 7
diff changeset
927
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diff changeset
928 1. Wpisz :help lub wciśnij <F1> lub <Help> aby otworzyć okno pomocy.
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vimboss
parents: 7
diff changeset
929
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parents: 7
diff changeset
930 2. Wpisz :help cmd aby uzyskać pomoc o cmd .
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parents: 7
diff changeset
931
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parents: 7
diff changeset
932 3. Wpisz CTRL-W CTRL-W aby przeskoczyć do innego okna.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
933
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diff changeset
934 4. Wpisz :q aby zamknąć okno pomocy.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
935
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diff changeset
936 5. Utwórz plik startowy vimrc aby zachować wybrane ustawienia.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
937
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diff changeset
938 6. Po poleceniu : , wciśnij CTRL-D aby zobaczyć możliwe uzupełnienia.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
939 Wciśnij <TAB> aby użyć jednego z nich.
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parents: 7
diff changeset
940
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parents: 7
diff changeset
941
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parents: 7
diff changeset
942
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parents: 7
diff changeset
943
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parents: 7
diff changeset
944
7
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diff changeset
945
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diff changeset
946 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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parents:
diff changeset
947
819
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diff changeset
948 Tutaj się kończy tutorial Vima. Został on pomyślany tak aby dać krótki
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
949 przegląd jego możliwości, wystarczający byś mógł go używać. Jest on
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
950 daleki od kompletności ponieważ Vim ma o wiele, wiele więcej poleceń.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
951
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
952 Dla dalszej nauki rekomendujemy książkę:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
953 Vim - Vi Improved - autor Steve Oualline
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
954 Wydawca: New Riders
819
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diff changeset
955 Pierwsza ksiązka całkowicie poświęcona Vimowi. Użyteczna zwłaszcza dla
7
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956 początkujących. Zawiera wiele przykładów i ilustracji.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
957 Zobacz http://iccf-holland.org./click5.html
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diff changeset
958
819
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diff changeset
959 Starsza pozycja i bardziej o Vi niż o Vimie, ale także warta
7
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parents:
diff changeset
960 polecenia:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
961 Learning the Vi Editor - autor Linda Lamb
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
962 Wydawca: O'Reilly & Associates Inc.
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
963 To dobra książka by dowiedzieć się niemal wszystkiego co chciałbyś zrobić
819
23f82b5d2814 updated for version 7.0c10
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diff changeset
964 z Vi. Szósta edycja zawiera też informacje o Vimie.
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
965
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
966 Po polsku wydano:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
967 Edytor vi. Leksykon kieszonkowy - autor Arnold Robbins
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
968 Wydawca: Helion 2001 (O'Reilly).
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
969 ISBN: 83-7197-472-8
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
970 http://helion.pl/ksiazki/vilek.htm
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
971 Jest to książeczka zawierająca spis poleceń vi i jego najważniejszych
819
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vimboss
parents: 24
diff changeset
972 klonów (między innymi Vima).
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
973
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
974 Edytor vi - autorzy Linda Lamb i Arnold Robbins
819
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parents: 24
diff changeset
975 Wydawca: Helion 2001 (O'Reilly) - wg 6. ang. wydania
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
976 ISBN: 83-7197-539-2
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
977 http://helion.pl/ksiazki/viedyt.htm
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
978 Rozszerzona wersja Learning the Vi Editor w polskim tłumaczeniu.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
979
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
980 Ten tutorial został napisany przez Michaela C. Pierce'a i Roberta K. Ware'a,
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
981 Colorado School of Mines korzystając z pomocy Charlesa Smitha,
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
982 Colorado State University.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
983 E-mail: bware@mines.colorado.edu.
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parents:
diff changeset
984
819
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diff changeset
985 Zmodyfikowane dla Vima przez Brama Moolenaara.
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
986
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
987 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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parents:
diff changeset
988
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parents:
diff changeset
989 Przetłumaczone przez Mikołaja Machowskiego,
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
990 Sierpień 2001,
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
991 rev. Marzec 2002
24
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parents: 7
diff changeset
992 2nd rev. Wrzesień 2004
819
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parents: 24
diff changeset
993 3rd rev. Marzec 2006
7
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parents:
diff changeset
994 Wszelkie uwagi proszę kierować na: mikmach@wp.pl