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1 *hebrew.txt* For Vim version 7.0b. Last change: 2003 May 11
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Ron Aaron (and Avner Lottem)
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5
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6
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7 Hebrew Language support (options & mapping) for Vim *hebrew*
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8
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9 The supporting 'rightleft' functionality was originally created by Avner
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10 Lottem:
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11 E-mail: alottem@iil.intel.com
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12 Phone: +972-4-8307322
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13
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14 Ron Aaron <ron@ronware.org> is currently helping support these features.
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15
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16 {Vi does not have any of these commands}
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17
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18 All this is only available when the |+rightleft| feature was enabled at
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19 compile time.
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20
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21
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22 Introduction
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23 ------------
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24 Hebrew-specific options are 'hkmap', 'hkmapp' 'keymap'=hebrew and 'aleph'.
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25 Hebrew-useful options are 'delcombine', 'allowrevins', 'revins', 'rightleft'
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26 and 'rightleftcmd'.
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27
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28 The 'rightleft' mode reverses the display order, so characters are displayed
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29 from right to left instead of the usual left to right. This is useful
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30 primarily when editing Hebrew or other Middle-Eastern languages.
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31 See |rileft.txt| for further details.
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32
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33 Details
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34 --------------
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35 + Options:
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36 + 'rightleft' ('rl') sets window orientation to right-to-left. This means
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37 that the logical text 'ABC' will be displayed as 'CBA', and will start
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38 drawing at the right edge of the window, not the left edge.
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39 + 'hkmap' ('hk') sets keyboard mapping to Hebrew, in insert/replace modes.
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40 + 'aleph' ('al'), numeric, holds the decimal code of Aleph, for keyboard
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41 mapping.
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42 + 'hkmapp' ('hkp') sets keyboard mapping to 'phonetic hebrew'
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43
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44 NOTE: these three ('hkmap', 'hkmapp' and 'aleph') are obsolete. You should
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45 use ":set keymap=hebrewp" instead.
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46
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47 + 'delcombine' ('deco'), boolean, if editing UTF-8 encoded Hebrew, allows
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48 one to remove the niqud or te`amim by pressing 'x' on a character (with
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49 associated niqud).
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50
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51 + 'rightleftcmd' ('rlc') makes the command-prompt for searches show up on
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52 the right side. It only takes effect if the window is 'rightleft'.
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53
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54 + Encoding:
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55 + Under Unix, ISO 8859-8 encoding (Hebrew letters codes: 224-250).
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56 + Under MS DOS, PC encoding (Hebrew letters codes: 128-154).
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57 These are defaults, that can be overridden using the 'aleph' option.
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58 + You should prefer using UTF8, as it supports the combining-characters
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59 ('deco' does nothing if UTF8 encoding is not active).
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60
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61 + Vim arguments:
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62 + 'vim -H file' starts editing a Hebrew file, i.e. 'rightleft' and 'hkmap'
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63 are set.
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64
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65 + Keyboard:
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66 + The 'allowrevins' option enables the CTRL-_ command in Insert mode and
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67 in Command-line mode.
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68
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69 + CTRL-_ in insert/replace modes toggles 'revins' and 'hkmap' as follows:
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70
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71 When in rightleft window, 'revins' and 'nohkmap' are toggled, since
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72 English will likely be inserted in this case.
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73
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74 When in norightleft window, 'revins' 'hkmap' are toggled, since Hebrew
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75 will likely be inserted in this case.
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76
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77 CTRL-_ moves the cursor to the end of the typed text.
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78
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79 + CTRL-_ in command mode only toggles keyboard mapping (see Bugs below).
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80 This setting is independent of 'hkmap' option, which only applies to
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81 insert/replace mode.
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82
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83 Note: On some keyboards, CTRL-_ is mapped to CTRL-?.
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84
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85 + Keyboard mapping while 'hkmap' is set (standard Israeli keyboard):
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86
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87 q w e r t y u i o p
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88 / ' ק ר א ט ו ן ם פ
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89
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90 a s d f g h j k l ; '
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91 ש ד ג כ ע י ח ל ך ף ,
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92
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93 z x c v b n m , . /
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94 ז ס ב ה נ מ צ ת ץ .
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95
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96 This is also the keymap when 'keymap=hebrew' is set. The advantage of
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97 'keymap' is that it works properly when using UTF8, e.g. it inserts the
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98 correct characters; 'hkmap' does not. The 'keymap' keyboard can also
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99 insert niqud and te`amim. To see what those mappings are,look at the
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100 keymap file 'hebrew.vim' etc.
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101
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102
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103 Typing backwards
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104
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105 If the 'revins' (reverse insert) option is set, inserting happens backwards.
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106 This can be used to type Hebrew. When inserting characters the cursor is not
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107 moved and the text moves rightwards. A <BS> deletes the character under the
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108 cursor. CTRL-W and CTRL-U also work in the opposite direction. <BS>, CTRL-W
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109 and CTRL-U do not stop at the start of insert or end of line, no matter how
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110 the 'backspace' option is set.
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111
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112 There is no reverse replace mode (yet).
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113
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114 If the 'showmode' option is set, "-- REVERSE INSERT --" will be shown in the
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115 status line when reverse Insert mode is active.
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116
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117 When the 'allowrevins' option is set, reverse Insert mode can be also entered
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118 via CTRL-_, which has some extra functionality: First, keyboard mapping is
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119 changed according to the window orientation -- if in a left-to-right window,
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120 'revins' is used to enter Hebrew text, so the keyboard changes to Hebrew
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121 ('hkmap' is set); if in a right-to-left window, 'revins' is used to enter
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122 English text, so the keyboard changes to English ('hkmap' is reset). Second,
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123 when exiting 'revins' via CTRL-_, the cursor moves to the end of the typed
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124 text (if possible).
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125
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126
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127 Pasting when in a rightleft window
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128 ----------------------------------
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129 When cutting text with the mouse and pasting it in a rightleft window
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130 the text will be reversed, because the characters come from the cut buffer
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131 from the left to the right, while inserted in the file from the right to
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132 the left. In order to avoid it, toggle 'revins' (by typing CTRL-? or CTRL-_)
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133 before pasting.
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134
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135
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136 Hebrew characters and the 'isprint' variable
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137 --------------------------------------------
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138 Sometimes Hebrew character codes are in the non-printable range defined by
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139 the 'isprint' variable. For example in the Linux console, the Hebrew font
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140 encoding starts from 128, while the default 'isprint' variable is @,161-255.
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141 The result is that all Hebrew characters are displayed as ~x. To solve this
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142 problem, set isprint=@,128-255.
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143
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144
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145 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
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