Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/terminal.txt @ 13726:d35b1702a1da v8.0.1735
patch 8.0.1735: flexible array member feature not supported by HP-UX
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/285e3358696b1bc6296e5d4c53425680ce8fbd54
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Wed Apr 18 23:01:13 2018 +0200
patch 8.0.1735: flexible array member feature not supported by HP-UX
Problem: Flexible array member feature not supported by HP-UX. (John
Marriott)
Solution: Do not use the flexible array member feature of C99.
author | Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org> |
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date | Wed, 18 Apr 2018 23:15:06 +0200 |
parents | bfd9249f72e0 |
children | a62eeee5f116 |
rev | line source |
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13589 | 1 *terminal.txt* For Vim version 8.0. Last change: 2018 Apr 05 |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 Terminal window support *terminal* |
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8 |
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9 |
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10 The terminal feature is optional, use this to check if your Vim has it: > |
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11 echo has('terminal') |
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12 If the result is "1" you have it. |
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13 |
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14 |
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15 1. Basic use |terminal-use| |
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16 Typing |terminal-typing| |
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17 Size and color |terminal-size-color| |
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18 Syntax |:terminal| |
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19 Resizing |terminal-resizing| |
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20 Terminal Modes |Terminal-mode| |
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21 Cursor style |terminal-cursor-style| |
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22 Special keys |terminal-special-keys| |
13437 | 23 Session |terminal-session| |
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24 Unix |terminal-unix| |
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25 MS-Windows |terminal-ms-windows| |
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26 2. Terminal communication |terminal-communication| |
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27 Vim to job: term_sendkeys() |terminal-to-job| |
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28 Job to Vim: JSON API |terminal-api| |
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29 Using the client-server feature |terminal-client-server| |
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30 3. Remote testing |terminal-testing| |
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31 4. Diffing screen dumps |terminal-diff| |
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32 Writing a screen dump test for Vim |terminal-dumptest| |
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33 Creating a screen dump |terminal-screendump| |
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34 Comparing screen dumps |terminal-diffscreendump| |
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35 5. Debugging |terminal-debug| |
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36 Starting |termdebug-starting| |
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37 Example session |termdebug-example| |
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38 Stepping through code |termdebug-stepping| |
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39 Inspecting variables |termdebug-variables| |
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40 Other commands |termdebug-commands| |
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41 Communication |termdebug-communication| |
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42 Customizing |termdebug-customizing| |
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43 |
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44 {Vi does not have any of these commands} |
12254 | 45 {only available when compiled with the |+terminal| feature} |
46 The terminal feature requires the |+multi_byte|, |+job| and |+channel| features. | |
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47 |
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48 ============================================================================== |
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49 1. Basic use *terminal-use* |
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50 |
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51 This feature is for running a terminal emulator in a Vim window. A job can be |
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52 started connected to the terminal emulator. For example, to run a shell: > |
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53 :term bash |
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54 |
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55 Or to run build command: > |
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56 :term make myprogram |
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57 |
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58 The job runs asynchronously from Vim, the window will be updated to show |
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59 output from the job, also while editing in another window. |
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60 |
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61 |
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62 Typing ~ |
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63 *terminal-typing* |
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64 When the keyboard focus is in the terminal window, typed keys will be sent to |
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65 the job. This uses a pty when possible. You can click outside of the |
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66 terminal window to move keyboard focus elsewhere. |
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67 |
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68 CTRL-W can be used to navigate between windows and other CTRL-W commands, e.g.: |
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69 CTRL-W CTRL-W move focus to the next window |
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70 CTRL-W : enter an Ex command |
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71 See |CTRL-W| for more commands. |
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72 |
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73 Special in the terminal window: *CTRL-W_.* *CTRL-W_N* |
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74 CTRL-W . send a CTRL-W to the job in the terminal |
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75 CTRL-W CTRL-\ send a CTRL-\ to the job in the terminal |
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76 CTRL-W N go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode| |
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77 CTRL-\ CTRL-N go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode| |
11914 | 78 CTRL-W " {reg} paste register {reg} *CTRL-W_quote* |
79 Also works with the = register to insert the result of | |
80 evaluating an expression. | |
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81 CTRL-W CTRL-C ends the job, see below |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C| |
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82 |
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83 See option 'termkey' for specifying another key instead of CTRL-W that |
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84 will work like CTRL-W. However, typing 'termkey' twice sends 'termkey' to |
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85 the job. For example: |
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86 'termkey' CTRL-W move focus to the next window |
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87 'termkey' : enter an Ex command |
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88 'termkey' 'termkey' send 'termkey' to the job in the terminal |
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89 'termkey' . send a CTRL-W to the job in the terminal |
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90 'termkey' N go to terminal Normal mode, see below |
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91 'termkey' CTRL-N same as CTRL-W N |
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92 'termkey' CTRL-C same as |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C| |
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93 *t_CTRL-\_CTRL-N* |
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94 The special key combination CTRL-\ CTRL-N can be used to switch to Normal |
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95 mode, just like this works in any other mode. |
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96 *t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C* |
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97 CTRL-W CTRL-C can be typed to forcefully end the job. On MS-Windows a |
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98 CTRL-BREAK will also kill the job. |
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99 |
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100 If you type CTRL-C the effect depends on what the pty has been configured to |
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101 do. For simple commands this causes a SIGINT to be sent to the job, which |
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102 would end it. Other commands may ignore the SIGINT or handle the CTRL-C |
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103 themselves (like Vim does). |
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104 |
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105 To change the keys you type use terminal mode mappings, see |:tmap|. |
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106 These are defined like any mapping, but apply only when typing keys that are |
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107 sent to the job running in the terminal. For example, to make F1 switch |
12559 | 108 to Terminal-Normal mode: > |
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109 tnoremap <F1> <C-W>N |
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110 You can use Esc, but you need to make sure it won't cause other keys to |
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111 break: > |
12559 | 112 tnoremap <Esc> <C-W>N |
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113 set notimeout ttimeout timeoutlen=100 |
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114 |
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115 < *options-in-terminal* |
12559 | 116 After opening the terminal window and setting 'buftype' to "terminal" the |
117 BufWinEnter autocommand event is triggered. This makes it possible to set | |
118 options specifically for the window and buffer. Example: > | |
119 au BufWinEnter * if &buftype == 'terminal' | setlocal bufhidden=hide | endif | |
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120 |
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121 Mouse events (click and drag) are passed to the terminal. Mouse move events |
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122 are only passed when Vim itself is receiving them. For a terminal that is |
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123 when 'balloonevalterm' is enabled. |
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124 |
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125 |
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126 Size and color ~ |
12826 | 127 *terminal-size-color* |
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128 See option 'termsize' for controlling the size of the terminal window. |
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129 (TODO: scrolling when the terminal is larger than the window) |
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130 |
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131 The job running in the terminal can change the colors. The default foreground |
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132 and background colors are taken from Vim, the Normal highlight group. |
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133 |
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134 For a color terminal the 'background' option is used to decide whether the |
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135 terminal window will start with a white or black background. |
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136 |
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137 To use a different color the Terminal highlight group can be used, for |
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138 example: > |
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139 hi Terminal ctermbg=lightgrey ctermfg=blue guibg=lightgrey guifg=blue |
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140 < |
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141 *g:terminal_ansi_colors* |
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142 In GUI mode or with |termguicolors|, the 16 ANSI colors used by default in new |
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143 terminal windows may be configured using the variable |
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144 `g:terminal_ansi_colors`, which should be a list of 16 color names or |
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145 hexadecimal color codes, similar to those accepted by |highlight-guifg|. When |
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146 not using GUI colors, the terminal window always uses the 16 ANSI colors of |
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147 the underlying terminal. |
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148 The |term_setansicolors()| function can be used to change the colors, and |
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149 |term_getansicolors()| to get the currently used colors. |
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150 |
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151 |
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152 Syntax ~ |
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153 |
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154 :[range]ter[minal] [options] [command] *:ter* *:terminal* |
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155 Open a new terminal window. |
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156 |
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157 If [command] is provided run it as a job and connect |
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158 the input and output to the terminal. |
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159 If [command] is not given the 'shell' option is used. |
12254 | 160 if [command] is NONE no job is started, the pty of the |
161 terminal can be used by a command like gdb. | |
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162 |
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163 If [command] is missing the default behavior is to |
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164 close the terminal when the shell exits. This can be |
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165 changed with the ++noclose argument. |
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166 If [command] is present the default behavior is to |
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167 keep the terminal open in Terminal-Normal mode. This |
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168 can be changed with the ++close argument. |
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169 |
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170 A new buffer will be created, using [command] or |
11914 | 171 'shell' as the name, prefixed with a "!". If a buffer |
172 by this name already exists a number is added in | |
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173 parentheses. E.g. if "gdb" exists the second terminal |
11914 | 174 buffer will use "!gdb (1)". |
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175 |
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176 If [range] is given the specified lines are used as |
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177 input for the job. It will not be possible to type |
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178 keys in the terminal window. For MS-Windows see the |
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179 ++eof argument below. |
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180 |
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181 *term++close* *term++open* |
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182 Supported [options] are: |
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183 ++close The terminal window will close |
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184 automatically when the job terminates. |
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185 ++noclose The terminal window will NOT close |
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186 automatically when the job terminates. |
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187 ++open When the job terminates and no window |
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188 shows it, a window will be opened. |
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189 Note that this can be interruptive. |
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190 The last of ++close, ++noclose and ++open |
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191 matters and rules out earlier arguments. |
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192 |
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193 ++curwin Open the terminal in the current |
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194 window, do not split the current |
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195 window. Fails if the current buffer |
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196 cannot be |abandon|ed. |
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197 ++hidden Open the terminal in a hidden buffer, |
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198 no window will be used. |
13437 | 199 ++norestore Do not include this terminal window |
200 in a session file. | |
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201 ++kill={how} When trying to close the terminal |
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202 window kill the job with {how}. See |
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203 |term_setkill()| for the values. |
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204 ++rows={height} Use {height} for the terminal window |
13125 | 205 height. If the terminal uses the full |
206 Vim height (no window above or below | |
207 th terminal window) the command line | |
208 height will be reduced as needed. | |
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209 ++cols={width} Use {width} for the terminal window |
13125 | 210 width. If the terminal uses the full |
211 Vim width (no window left or right of | |
212 the terminal window) this value is | |
213 ignored. | |
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214 ++eof={text} when using [range]: text to send after |
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215 the last line was written. Cannot |
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216 contain white space. A CR is |
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217 appended. For MS-Windows the default |
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218 is to send CTRL-D. |
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219 E.g. for a shell use "++eof=exit" and |
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220 for Python "++eof=exit()". Special |
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221 codes can be used like with `:map`, |
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222 e.g. "<C-Z>" for CTRL-Z. |
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223 |
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224 If you want to use more options use the |term_start()| |
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225 function. |
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226 |
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227 When the buffer associated with the terminal is forcibly unloaded or wiped out |
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228 the job is killed, similar to calling `job_stop(job, "kill")` . |
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229 Closing the window normally results in |E947|. When a kill method was set |
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230 with "++kill={how}" or |term_setkill()| then closing the window will use that |
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231 way to kill or interrupt the job. For example: > |
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232 :term ++kill=term tail -f /tmp/log |
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233 |
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234 So long as the job is running the window behaves like it contains a modified |
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235 buffer. Trying to close the window with `CTRL-W :quit` fails. When using |
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236 `CTRL-W :quit!` the job is ended. The text in the window is lost. The buffer |
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237 still exists, but getting it in a window with `:buffer` will show an empty |
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238 buffer. |
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239 |
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240 Trying to close the window with `CTRL-W :close` also fails. Using |
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241 `CTRL-W :close!` will close the window and make the buffer hidden. |
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242 |
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243 You can use `CTRL-W :hide` to close the terminal window and make the buffer |
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244 hidden, the job keeps running. The `:buffer` command can be used to turn the |
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245 current window into a terminal window. If there are unsaved changes this |
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246 fails, use ! to force, as usual. |
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247 |
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248 To have a background job run without a window, and open the window when it's |
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249 done, use options like this: > |
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250 :term ++hidden ++open make |
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251 Note that the window will open at an unexpected moment, this will interrupt |
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252 what you are doing. |
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253 |
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254 *E947* *E948* |
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255 So long as the job is running, the buffer is considered modified and Vim |
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256 cannot be quit easily, see |abandon|. |
11914 | 257 |
258 When the job has finished and no changes were made to the buffer: closing the | |
259 window will wipe out the buffer. | |
260 | |
261 Before changes can be made to a terminal buffer, the 'modifiable' option must | |
262 be set. This is only possible when the job has finished. At the first change | |
263 the buffer will become a normal buffer and the highlighting is removed. | |
264 You may want to change the buffer name with |:file| to be able to write, since | |
265 the buffer name will still be set to the command. | |
266 | |
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267 |
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268 Resizing ~ |
12826 | 269 *terminal-resizing* |
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270 The size of the terminal can be in one of three modes: |
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271 |
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272 1. The 'termsize' option is empty: The terminal size follows the window size. |
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273 The minimal size is 2 screen lines with 10 cells. |
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274 |
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275 2. The 'termsize' option is "rows*cols", where "rows" is the minimal number of |
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276 screen rows and "cols" is the minimal number of cells. |
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277 |
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278 3. The 'termsize' option is "rowsXcols" (where the x is upper or lower case). |
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279 The terminal size is fixed to the specified number of screen lines and |
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280 cells. If the window is bigger there will be unused empty space. |
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281 |
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282 If the window is smaller than the terminal size, only part of the terminal can |
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283 be seen (the lower-left part). |
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284 |
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285 The |term_getsize()| function can be used to get the current size of the |
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286 terminal. |term_setsize()| can be used only when in the first or second mode, |
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287 not when 'termsize' is "rowsXcols". |
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288 |
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289 |
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290 Terminal-Job and Terminal-Normal mode ~ |
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291 *Terminal-mode* *Terminal-Job* |
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292 When the job is running the contents of the terminal is under control of the |
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293 job. That includes the cursor position. Typed keys are sent to the job. |
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294 The terminal contents can change at any time. This is called Terminal-Job |
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295 mode. |
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296 |
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297 Use CTRL-W N (or 'termkey' N) to switch to Terminal-Normal mode. Now the |
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298 contents of the terminal window is under control of Vim, the job output is |
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299 suspended. CTRL-\ CTRL-N does the same. |
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300 |
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301 Terminal-Job mode is where |:tmap| mappings are applied. Keys sent by |
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302 |term_sendkeys()| are not subject to tmap, but keys from |feedkeys()| are. |
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303 |
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304 It is not possible to enter Insert mode from Terminal-Job mode. |
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305 |
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306 *Terminal-Normal* *E946* |
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307 In Terminal-Normal mode you can move the cursor around with the usual Vim |
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308 commands, Visually mark text, yank text, etc. But you cannot change the |
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309 contents of the buffer. The commands that would start insert mode, such as |
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310 'i' and 'a', return to Terminal-Job mode. The window will be updated to show |
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311 the contents of the terminal. |:startinsert| is ineffective. |
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312 |
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313 In Terminal-Normal mode the statusline and window title show "(Terminal)". If |
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314 the job ends while in Terminal-Normal mode this changes to |
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315 "(Terminal-finished)". |
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316 |
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317 When the job outputs lines in the terminal, such that the contents scrolls off |
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318 the top, those lines are remembered and can be seen in Terminal-Normal mode. |
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319 The number of lines is limited by the 'terminalscroll' option. When going over |
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320 this limit, the first 10% of the scrolled lins are deleted and are lost. |
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321 |
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322 |
12254 | 323 Cursor style ~ |
12826 | 324 *terminal-cursor-style* |
12254 | 325 By default the cursor in the terminal window uses a not blinking block. The |
326 normal xterm escape sequences can be used to change the blinking state and the | |
327 shape. Once focus leaves the terminal window Vim will restore the original | |
328 cursor. | |
329 | |
330 An exception is when xterm is started with the "-bc" argument, or another way | |
331 that causes the cursor to blink. This actually means that the blinking flag | |
332 is inverted. Since Vim cannot detect this, the terminal window cursor | |
333 blinking will also be inverted. | |
334 | |
335 | |
13437 | 336 Session ~ |
337 *terminal-session* | |
338 A terminal window will be restored when using a session file, if possible and | |
339 wanted. | |
340 | |
341 If "terminal" was removed from 'sessionoptions' then no terminal windows will | |
342 be restored. | |
343 | |
344 If the job in the terminal was finished the window will not be restored. | |
345 | |
346 If the terminal can be restored, the command that was used to open it will be | |
347 used again. To change this use the |term_setrestore()| function. This can | |
348 also be used to not restore a specific terminal by setting the command to | |
349 "NONE". | |
350 | |
351 | |
12826 | 352 Special keys ~ |
353 *terminal-special-keys* | |
354 Since the terminal emulator simulates an xterm, only escape sequences that | |
355 both Vim and xterm recognize will be available in the terminal window. If you | |
356 want to pass on other escape sequences to the job running in the terminal you | |
357 need to set up forwarding. Example: > | |
358 tmap <expr> <Esc>]b SendToTerm("\<Esc>]b") | |
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359 func SendToTerm(what) |
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360 call term_sendkeys('', a:what) |
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361 return '' |
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362 endfunc |
12826 | 363 |
364 | |
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365 Unix ~ |
12826 | 366 *terminal-unix* |
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367 On Unix a pty is used to make it possible to run all kinds of commands. You |
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368 can even run Vim in the terminal! That's used for debugging, see below. |
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369 |
11914 | 370 Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job: |
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371 TERM the name of the terminal, from the 'term' option or |
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372 $TERM in the GUI; falls back to "xterm" if it does not |
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373 start with "xterm" |
11914 | 374 ROWS number of rows in the terminal initially |
375 LINES same as ROWS | |
376 COLUMNS number of columns in the terminal initially | |
377 COLORS number of colors, 't_Co' (256*256*256 in the GUI) | |
378 VIM_SERVERNAME v:servername | |
379 | |
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380 |
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381 MS-Windows ~ |
12826 | 382 *terminal-ms-windows* |
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383 On MS-Windows winpty is used to make it possible to run all kind of commands. |
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384 Obviously, they must be commands that run in a terminal, not open their own |
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385 window. |
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386 |
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387 You need the following two files from winpty: |
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388 |
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389 winpty.dll |
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390 winpty-agent.exe |
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391 |
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392 You can download them from the following page: |
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393 |
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394 https://github.com/rprichard/winpty |
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395 |
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396 Just put the files somewhere in your PATH. You can set the 'winptydll' option |
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397 to point to the right file, if needed. If you have both the 32-bit and 64-bit |
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398 version, rename to winpty32.dll and winpty64.dll to match the way Vim was |
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399 build. |
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400 |
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401 Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job: |
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402 VIM_SERVERNAME v:servername |
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403 |
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404 ============================================================================== |
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405 2. Terminal communication *terminal-communication* |
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406 |
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407 There are several ways to communicate with the job running in a terminal: |
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408 - Use |term_sendkeys()| to send text and escape sequences from Vim to the job. |
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409 - Use the JSON API to send encoded commands from the job to Vim. |
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410 - Use the |client-server| mechanism. This works on machines with an X server |
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411 and on MS-Windows. |
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412 |
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413 |
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414 Vim to job: term_sendkeys() ~ |
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415 *terminal-to-job* |
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416 This allows for remote controlling the job running in the terminal. It is a |
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417 one-way mechanism. The job can update the display to signal back to Vim. |
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418 For example, if a shell is running in a terminal, you can do: > |
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419 call term_sendkeys(buf, "ls *.java\<CR>") |
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420 |
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421 This requires for the job to be in the right state where it will do the right |
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422 thing when receiving the keys. For the above example, the shell must be |
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423 waiting for a command to be typed. |
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424 |
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425 For a job that was written for the purpose, you can use the JSON API escape |
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426 sequence in the other direction. E.g.: > |
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427 call term_sendkeys(buf, "\<Esc>]51;["response"]\x07") |
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428 |
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429 |
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430 Job to Vim: JSON API ~ |
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431 *terminal-api* |
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432 The job can send JSON to Vim, using a special escape sequence. The JSON |
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433 encodes a command that Vim understands. Example of such a message: > |
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434 <Esc>]51;["drop", "README.md"]<07> |
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435 |
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436 The body is always a list, making it easy to find the end: ]<07>. |
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437 The <Esc>]51;msg<07> sequence is reserved by xterm for "Emacs shell", which is |
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438 similar to what we are doing here. |
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439 |
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440 Currently supported commands: |
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441 |
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442 call {funcname} {argument} |
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443 |
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444 Call a user defined function with {argument}. |
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445 The function is called with two arguments: the buffer number |
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446 of the terminal and {argument}, the decoded JSON argument. |
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447 The function name must start with "Tapi_" to avoid |
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448 accidentally calling a function not meant to be used for the |
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449 terminal API |
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450 The user function should sanity check the argument. |
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451 The function can use |term_sendkeys()| to send back a reply. |
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452 Example in JSON: > |
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453 ["call", "Tapi_Impression", ["play", 14]] |
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454 < Calls a function defined like this: > |
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455 function Tapi_Impression(bufnum, arglist) |
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456 if len(a:arglist) == 2 |
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457 echomsg "impression " . a:arglist[0] |
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458 echomsg "count " . a:arglist[1] |
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459 endif |
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460 endfunc |
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461 < Output from `:echo` may be erased by a redraw, use `:echomsg` |
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462 to be able to see it with `:messages`. |
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463 |
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464 drop {filename} [options] |
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465 |
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466 Let Vim open a file, like the `:drop` command. If {filename} |
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467 is already open in a window, switch to that window. Otherwise |
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468 open a new window to edit {filename}. |
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469 |
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470 [options] is only used when opening a new window. If present, |
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471 it must be a Dict. Similarly to |++opt|, These entries are recognized: |
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472 "ff" file format: "dos", "mac" or "unix" |
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473 "fileformat" idem |
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474 "enc" overrides 'fileencoding' |
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475 "encoding" idem |
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476 "bin" sets 'binary' |
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477 "binary" idem |
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478 "nobin" resets 'binary' |
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479 "nobinary" idem |
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480 "bad" specifies behavior for bad characters, see |
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481 |++bad| |
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482 |
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483 Example in JSON: > |
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484 ["drop", "path/file.txt", {"ff": "dos"}] |
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485 |
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486 A trick to have Vim send this escape sequence: > |
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487 exe "set t_ts=\<Esc>]51; t_fs=\x07" |
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488 let &titlestring = '["call","Tapi_TryThis",["hello",123]]' |
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489 redraw |
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490 set t_ts& t_fs& |
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491 |
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492 Rationale: Why not allow for any command or expression? Because that might |
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493 create a security problem. |
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494 |
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495 |
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496 Using the client-server feature ~ |
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497 *terminal-client-server* |
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498 This only works when v:servername is not empty. If needed you can set it, |
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499 before opening the terminal, with: > |
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500 call remote_startserver('vim-server') |
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501 |
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502 $VIM_SERVERNAME is set in the terminal to pass on the server name. |
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503 |
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504 In the job you can then do something like: > |
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505 vim --servername $VIM_SERVERNAME --remote +123 some_file.c |
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506 This will open the file "some_file.c" and put the cursor on line 123. |
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507 |
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508 ============================================================================== |
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509 3. Remote testing *terminal-testing* |
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510 |
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511 Most Vim tests execute a script inside Vim. For some tests this does not |
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512 work, running the test interferes with the code being tested. To avoid this |
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513 Vim is executed in a terminal window. The test sends keystrokes to it and |
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514 inspects the resulting screen state. |
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515 |
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516 Functions ~ |
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517 |
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518 term_sendkeys() send keystrokes to a terminal (not subject to tmap) |
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519 term_wait() wait for screen to be updated |
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520 term_scrape() inspect terminal screen |
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521 |
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522 |
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523 ============================================================================== |
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524 4. Diffing screen dumps *terminal-diff* |
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525 |
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526 In some cases it can be bothersome to test that Vim displays the right |
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527 characters on the screen. E.g. with syntax highlighting. To make this |
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528 simpler it is possible to take a screen dump of a terminal and compare it to |
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529 an expected screen dump. |
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530 |
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531 Vim uses the window size, text, color and other attributes as displayed. The |
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532 Vim screen size, font and other properties do not matter. Therefore this |
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533 mechanism is portable across systems. A conventional screenshot would reflect |
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534 all differences, including font size and family. |
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535 |
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536 |
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537 Writing a screen dump test for Vim ~ |
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538 *terminal-dumptest* |
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539 For an example see the Test_syntax_c() function in |
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540 src/testdir/test_syntax.vim. The main parts are: |
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541 - Write a file you want to test with. This is useful for testing syntax |
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542 highlighting. You can also start Vim with en empty buffer. |
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543 - Run Vim in a terminal with a specific size. The default is 20 lines of 75 |
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544 characters. This makes sure the dump is always this size. The function |
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545 RunVimInTerminal() takes care of this. Pass it the arguments for the Vim |
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546 command. |
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547 - Send any commands to Vim using term_sendkeys(). For example: > |
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548 call term_sendkeys(buf, ":echo &lines &columns\<CR>") |
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549 - Check that the screen is now in the expected state, using |
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550 VerifyScreenDump(). This expects the reference screen dump to be in the |
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551 src/testdir/dumps/ directory. Pass the name without ".dump". It is |
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552 recommended to use the name of the test function and a sequence number, so |
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553 that we know what test is using the file. |
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554 - Repeat sending commands and checking the state. |
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555 - Finally stop Vim by calling StopVimInTerminal(). |
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556 |
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557 The first time you do this you won't have a screen dump yet. Create an empty |
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558 file for now, e.g.: > |
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559 touch src/testdir/dumps/Test_function_name_01.dump |
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560 |
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561 The test will then fail, giving you the command to compare the reference dump |
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562 and the failed dump, e.g.: > |
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563 call term_dumpdiff("Test_func.dump.failed", "dumps/Test_func.dump") |
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564 |
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565 Use this command in Vim, with the current directory set to src/testdir. |
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566 Once you are satisfied with the test, move the failed dump in place of the |
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567 reference: > |
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568 :!mv Test_func.dump.failed dumps/Test_func.dump |
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569 |
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570 |
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571 Creating a screen dump ~ |
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572 *terminal-screendump* |
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573 |
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574 To create the screen dump, run Vim (or any other program) in a terminal and |
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575 make it show the desired state. Then use the term_dumpwrite() function to |
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576 create a screen dump file. For example: > |
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577 :call term_dumpwrite(77, "mysyntax.dump") |
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578 |
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579 Here "77" is the buffer number of the terminal. Use `:ls!` to see it. |
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580 |
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581 You can view the screen dump with term_dumpload(): > |
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582 :call term_dumpload("mysyntax.dump") |
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583 |
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584 To verify that Vim still shows exactly the same screen, run Vim again with |
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585 exactly the same way to show the desired state. Then create a screen dump |
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586 again, using a different file name: > |
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587 :call term_dumpwrite(88, "test.dump") |
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588 |
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589 To assert that the files are exactly the same use assert_equalfile(): > |
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590 call assert_equalfile("mysyntax.dump", "test.dump") |
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591 |
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592 If there are differences then v:errors will contain the error message. |
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593 |
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594 |
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595 Comparing screen dumps ~ |
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596 *terminal-diffscreendump* |
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597 |
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598 assert_equalfile() does not make it easy to see what is different. |
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599 To spot the problem use term_dumpdiff(): > |
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600 call term_dumpdiff("mysyntax.dump", "test.dump") |
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601 |
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602 This will open a window consisting of three parts: |
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603 1. The contents of the first dump |
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604 2. The difference between the first and second dump |
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605 3. The contents of the second dump |
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606 |
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607 You can usually see what differs in the second part. Use the 'ruler' to |
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608 relate it to the position in the first or second dump. |
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609 |
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610 Alternatively, press "s" to swap the first and second dump. Do this several |
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611 times so that you can spot the difference in the context of the text. |
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612 |
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613 ============================================================================== |
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614 5. Debugging *terminal-debug* |
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615 |
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616 The Terminal debugging plugin can be used to debug a program with gdb and view |
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617 the source code in a Vim window. Since this is completely contained inside |
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618 Vim this also works remotely over an ssh connection. |
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619 |
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620 |
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621 Starting ~ |
12826 | 622 *termdebug-starting* |
12254 | 623 Load the plugin with this command: > |
624 packadd termdebug | |
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625 < *:Termdebug* |
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626 To start debugging use `:Termdebug` or `:TermdebugCommand`` followed by the |
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627 command name, for example: > |
12559 | 628 :Termdebug vim |
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629 |
12254 | 630 This opens two windows: |
13051 | 631 |
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632 gdb window A terminal window in which "gdb vim" is executed. Here you |
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633 can directly interact with gdb. The buffer name is "!gdb". |
13051 | 634 |
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635 program window A terminal window for the executed program. When "run" is |
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636 used in gdb the program I/O will happen in this window, so |
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637 that it does not interfere with controlling gdb. The buffer |
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638 name is "gdb program". |
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639 |
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640 The current window is used to show the source code. When gdb pauses the |
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641 source file location will be displayed, if possible. A sign is used to |
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642 highlight the current position, using highlight group debugPC. |
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643 |
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644 If the buffer in the current window is modified, another window will be opened |
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645 to display the current gdb position. You can use `:Winbar` to add a window |
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646 toolbar there. |
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647 |
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648 Focus the terminal of the executed program to interact with it. This works |
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649 the same as any command running in a terminal window. |
12254 | 650 |
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651 When the debugger ends, typically by typing "quit" in the gdb window, the two |
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652 opened windows are closed. |
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653 |
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654 Only one debugger can be active at a time. |
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655 *:TermdebugCommand* |
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656 If you want to give specific commands to the command being debugged, you can |
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657 use the `:TermdebugCommand` command followed by the command name and |
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658 additional parameters. > |
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659 :TermdebugCommand vim --clean -c ':set nu' |
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660 |
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661 Both the `:Termdebug` and `:TermdebugCommand` support an optional "!" bang |
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662 argument to start the command right away, without pausing at the gdb window |
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663 (and cursor will be in the debugged window). For example: > |
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664 :TermdebugCommand! vim --clean |
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665 |
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666 To attach gdb to an already running executable or use a core file, pass extra |
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667 arguments. E.g.: > |
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668 :Termdebug vim core |
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669 :Termdebug vim 98343 |
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670 |
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671 If no argument is given, you'll end up in a gdb window, in which you need to |
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672 specify which command to run using e.g. the gdb `file` command. |
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673 |
12254 | 674 |
12559 | 675 Example session ~ |
12826 | 676 *termdebug-example* |
12559 | 677 Start in the Vim "src" directory and build Vim: > |
678 % make | |
679 Start Vim: > | |
680 % ./vim | |
681 Load the termdebug plugin and start debugging Vim: > | |
682 :packadd termdebug | |
683 :Termdebug vim | |
684 You should now have three windows: | |
685 source - where you started, has a window toolbar with buttons | |
686 gdb - you can type gdb commands here | |
687 program - the executed program will use this window | |
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688 |
12559 | 689 You can use CTRL-W CTRL-W or the mouse to move focus between windows. |
690 Put focus on the gdb window and type: > | |
691 break ex_help | |
692 run | |
693 Vim will start running in the program window. Put focus there and type: > | |
694 :help gui | |
695 Gdb will run into the ex_help breakpoint. The source window now shows the | |
696 ex_cmds.c file. A ">>" marker will appear where the breakpoint was set. The | |
697 line where the debugger stopped is highlighted. You can now step through the | |
698 program. Let's use the mouse: click on the "Next" button in the window | |
699 toolbar. You will see the highlighting move as the debugger executes a line | |
700 of source code. | |
701 | |
702 Click "Next" a few times until the for loop is highlighted. Put the cursor on | |
703 the end of "eap->arg", then click "Eval" in the toolbar. You will see this | |
704 displayed: | |
705 "eap->arg": 0x555555e68855 "gui" ~ | |
706 This way you can inspect the value of local variables. You can also focus the | |
707 gdb window and use a "print" command, e.g.: > | |
708 print *eap | |
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709 If mouse pointer movements are working, Vim will also show a balloon when the |
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710 mouse rests on text that can be evaluated by gdb. |
12559 | 711 |
712 Now go back to the source window and put the cursor on the first line after | |
713 the for loop, then type: > | |
714 :Break | |
715 You will see a ">>" marker appear, this indicates the new breakpoint. Now | |
716 click "Cont" in the toolbar and the code until the breakpoint will be | |
717 executed. | |
718 | |
719 You can type more advanced commands in the gdb window. For example, type: > | |
720 watch curbuf | |
721 Now click "Cont" in the toolbar (or type "cont" in the gdb window). Execution | |
722 will now continue until the value of "curbuf" changes, which is in do_ecmd(). | |
723 To remove this watchpoint again type in the gdb window: > | |
724 delete 3 | |
725 | |
726 You can see the stack by typing in the gdb window: > | |
727 where | |
728 Move through the stack frames, e.g. with: > | |
729 frame 3 | |
730 The source window will show the code, at the point where the call was made to | |
731 a deeper level. | |
732 | |
733 | |
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734 Stepping through code ~ |
12826 | 735 *termdebug-stepping* |
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736 Put focus on the gdb window to type commands there. Some common ones are: |
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737 - CTRL-C interrupt the program |
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738 - next execute the current line and stop at the next line |
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739 - step execute the current line and stop at the next statement, |
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740 entering functions |
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741 - finish execute until leaving the current function |
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742 - where show the stack |
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743 - frame N go to the Nth stack frame |
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744 - continue continue execution |
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745 |
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746 *:Run* *:Arguments* |
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747 In the window showing the source code these commands can be used to control |
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748 gdb: |
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749 `:Run` [args] run the program with [args] or the previous arguments |
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750 `:Arguments` {args} set arguments for the next `:Run` |
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751 |
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752 *:Break* set a breakpoint at the current line; a sign will be displayed |
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753 *:Clear* delete the breakpoint at the current line |
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754 |
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755 *:Step* execute the gdb "step" command |
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756 *:Over* execute the gdb "next" command (`:Next` is a Vim command) |
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757 *:Finish* execute the gdb "finish" command |
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758 *:Continue* execute the gdb "continue" command |
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759 *:Stop* interrupt the program |
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760 |
13051 | 761 If 'mouse' is set the plugin adds a window toolbar with these entries: |
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762 Step `:Step` |
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763 Next `:Over` |
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764 Finish `:Finish` |
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765 Cont `:Continue` |
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766 Stop `:Stop` |
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767 Eval `:Evaluate` |
13051 | 768 This way you can use the mouse to perform the most common commands. You need |
769 to have the 'mouse' option set to enable mouse clicks. | |
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770 *:Winbar* |
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771 You can add the window toolbar in other windows you open with: > |
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772 :Winbar |
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773 |
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774 If gdb stops at a source line and there is no window currently showing the |
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775 source code, a new window will be created for the source code. This also |
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776 happens if the buffer in the source code window has been modified and can't be |
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777 abandoned. |
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778 |
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779 |
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780 Inspecting variables ~ |
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781 *termdebug-variables* *:Evaluate* |
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782 `:Evaluate` evaluate the expression under the cursor |
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783 `K` same |
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784 `:Evaluate` {expr} evaluate {expr} |
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785 `:'<,'>Evaluate` evaluate the Visually selected text |
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786 |
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787 This is similar to using "print" in the gdb window. |
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788 You can usually shorten `:Evaluate` to `:Ev`. |
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789 |
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790 |
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791 Other commands ~ |
12826 | 792 *termdebug-commands* |
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793 *:Gdb* jump to the gdb window |
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794 *:Program* jump to the window with the running program |
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795 *:Source* jump to the window with the source code, create it if there |
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796 isn't one |
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797 |
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798 |
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799 Communication ~ |
12826 | 800 *termdebug-communication* |
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801 There is another, hidden, buffer, which is used for Vim to communicate with |
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802 gdb. The buffer name is "gdb communication". Do not delete this buffer, it |
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803 will break the debugger. |
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804 |
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805 |
12254 | 806 Customizing ~ |
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807 |
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808 GDB command *termdebug-customizing* |
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809 |
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810 To change the name of the gdb command, set the "termdebugger" variable before |
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811 invoking `:Termdebug`: > |
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812 let termdebugger = "mygdb" |
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813 < *gdb-version* |
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814 Only debuggers fully compatible with gdb will work. Vim uses the GDB/MI |
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815 interface. The "new-ui" command requires gdb version 7.12 or later. if you |
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816 get this error: |
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817 Undefined command: "new-ui". Try "help".~ |
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818 Then your gdb is too old. |
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819 |
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820 |
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821 Colors *hl-debugPC* *hl-debugBreakpoint* |
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822 |
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823 The color of the signs can be adjusted with these highlight groups: |
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824 - debugPC the current position |
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825 - debugBreakpoint a breakpoint |
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826 |
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827 The defaults are, when 'background' is "light": |
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828 hi debugPC term=reverse ctermbg=lightblue guibg=lightblue |
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829 hi debugBreakpoint term=reverse ctermbg=red guibg=red |
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830 |
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831 When 'background' is "dark": |
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832 hi debugPC term=reverse ctermbg=darkblue guibg=darkblue |
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833 hi debugBreakpoint term=reverse ctermbg=red guibg=red |
12254 | 834 |
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835 |
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836 Popup menu *termdebug_popup* |
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837 |
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838 By default the Termdebug plugin sets 'mousemodel' to "popup_setpos" and adds |
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839 these entries to the popup menu: |
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840 Set breakpoint `:Break` |
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841 Clear breakpoint `:Clear` |
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842 Evaluate `:Evaluate` |
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843 If you don't want this then disable it with: > |
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844 let g:termdebug_popup = 0 |
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845 |
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846 |
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847 Vim window width *termdebug_wide* |
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848 |
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849 To change the width of the Vim window when debugging starts, and use a |
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850 vertical split: > |
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851 let g:termdebug_wide = 163 |
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852 This will set &columns to 163 when :Termdebug is used. The value is restored |
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853 when quitting the debugger. |
12559 | 854 If g:termdebug_wide is set and &Columns is already larger than |
855 g:termdebug_wide then a vertical split will be used without changing &columns. | |
856 Set it to 1 to get a vertical split without every changing &columns (useful | |
857 for when the terminal can't be resized by Vim). | |
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858 |
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859 |
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860 |
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861 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |