Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/scroll.txt @ 31133:cc0c4141fb73 v9.0.0901
patch 9.0.0901: setting w_leftcol and handling side effects is confusing
Commit: https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/0c34d562647f029faca40f7733ccfb7b5377672b
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Fri Nov 18 14:07:20 2022 +0000
patch 9.0.0901: setting w_leftcol and handling side effects is confusing
Problem: Setting w_leftcol and handling side effects is confusing.
Solution: Use a function to set w_leftcol() and handle side effects.
| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Fri, 18 Nov 2022 15:15:04 +0100 |
| parents | eb2638f278bf |
| children | ab758d4eccdb |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 30967 | 1 *scroll.txt* For Vim version 9.0. Last change: 2022 Oct 17 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Scrolling *scrolling* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 These commands move the contents of the window. If the cursor position is | |
| 10 moved off of the window, the cursor is moved onto the window (with | |
| 11 'scrolloff' screen lines around it). A page is the number of lines in the | |
| 12 window minus two. The mnemonics for these commands may be a bit confusing. | |
| 13 Remember that the commands refer to moving the window (the part of the buffer | |
| 14 that you see) upwards or downwards in the buffer. When the window moves | |
| 15 upwards in the buffer, the text in the window moves downwards on your screen. | |
| 16 | |
| 17 See section |03.7| of the user manual for an introduction. | |
| 18 | |
| 19 1. Scrolling downwards |scroll-down| | |
| 20 2. Scrolling upwards |scroll-up| | |
| 21 3. Scrolling relative to cursor |scroll-cursor| | |
| 22 4. Scrolling horizontally |scroll-horizontal| | |
| 23 5. Scrolling synchronously |scroll-binding| | |
| 24 6. Scrolling with a mouse wheel |scroll-mouse-wheel| | |
| 25 | |
| 26 ============================================================================== | |
| 27 1. Scrolling downwards *scroll-down* | |
| 28 | |
| 29 The following commands move the edit window (the part of the buffer that you | |
| 30 see) downwards (this means that more lines downwards in the text buffer can be | |
| 31 seen): | |
| 32 | |
| 33 *CTRL-E* | |
| 34 CTRL-E Scroll window [count] lines downwards in the buffer. | |
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35 The text moves upwards on the screen. |
| 7 | 36 Mnemonic: Extra lines. |
| 37 | |
| 38 *CTRL-D* | |
| 39 CTRL-D Scroll window Downwards in the buffer. The number of | |
| 40 lines comes from the 'scroll' option (default: half a | |
| 41 screen). If [count] given, first set 'scroll' option | |
| 42 to [count]. The cursor is moved the same number of | |
| 43 lines down in the file (if possible; when lines wrap | |
| 44 and when hitting the end of the file there may be a | |
| 45 difference). When the cursor is on the last line of | |
| 46 the buffer nothing happens and a beep is produced. | |
| 47 See also 'startofline' option. | |
| 48 | |
| 49 <S-Down> or *<S-Down>* *<kPageDown>* | |
| 50 <PageDown> or *<PageDown>* *CTRL-F* | |
| 51 CTRL-F Scroll window [count] pages Forwards (downwards) in | |
| 52 the buffer. See also 'startofline' option. | |
| 164 | 53 When there is only one window the 'window' option |
| 54 might be used. | |
| 7 | 55 |
| 56 *z+* | |
| 57 z+ Without [count]: Redraw with the line just below the | |
| 58 window at the top of the window. Put the cursor in | |
| 59 that line, at the first non-blank in the line. | |
| 60 With [count]: just like "z<CR>". | |
| 61 | |
| 62 ============================================================================== | |
| 63 2. Scrolling upwards *scroll-up* | |
| 64 | |
| 65 The following commands move the edit window (the part of the buffer that you | |
| 66 see) upwards (this means that more lines upwards in the text buffer can be | |
| 67 seen): | |
| 68 | |
| 69 *CTRL-Y* | |
| 70 CTRL-Y Scroll window [count] lines upwards in the buffer. | |
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71 The text moves downwards on the screen. |
| 7 | 72 Note: When using the MS-Windows key bindings CTRL-Y is |
| 73 remapped to redo. | |
| 74 | |
| 75 *CTRL-U* | |
| 76 CTRL-U Scroll window Upwards in the buffer. The number of | |
| 77 lines comes from the 'scroll' option (default: half a | |
| 78 screen). If [count] given, first set the 'scroll' | |
| 79 option to [count]. The cursor is moved the same | |
| 80 number of lines up in the file (if possible; when | |
| 81 lines wrap and when hitting the end of the file there | |
| 82 may be a difference). When the cursor is on the first | |
| 83 line of the buffer nothing happens and a beep is | |
| 84 produced. See also 'startofline' option. | |
| 85 | |
| 86 <S-Up> or *<S-Up>* *<kPageUp>* | |
| 87 <PageUp> or *<PageUp>* *CTRL-B* | |
| 88 CTRL-B Scroll window [count] pages Backwards (upwards) in the | |
| 89 buffer. See also 'startofline' option. | |
| 164 | 90 When there is only one window the 'window' option |
| 91 might be used. | |
| 7 | 92 |
| 93 *z^* | |
| 94 z^ Without [count]: Redraw with the line just above the | |
| 95 window at the bottom of the window. Put the cursor in | |
| 96 that line, at the first non-blank in the line. | |
| 97 With [count]: First scroll the text to put the [count] | |
| 98 line at the bottom of the window, then redraw with the | |
| 99 line which is now at the top of the window at the | |
| 100 bottom of the window. Put the cursor in that line, at | |
| 101 the first non-blank in the line. | |
| 102 | |
| 103 ============================================================================== | |
| 104 3. Scrolling relative to cursor *scroll-cursor* | |
| 105 | |
| 106 The following commands reposition the edit window (the part of the buffer that | |
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107 you see) while keeping the cursor on the same line. Note that the 'scrolloff' |
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108 option may cause context lines to show above and below the cursor. |
| 7 | 109 |
| 110 *z<CR>* | |
| 111 z<CR> Redraw, line [count] at top of window (default | |
| 112 cursor line). Put cursor at first non-blank in the | |
| 113 line. | |
| 114 | |
| 115 *zt* | |
| 116 zt Like "z<CR>", but leave the cursor in the same | |
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117 column. |
| 7 | 118 |
| 119 *zN<CR>* | |
| 120 z{height}<CR> Redraw, make window {height} lines tall. This is | |
| 121 useful to make the number of lines small when screen | |
| 122 updating is very slow. Cannot make the height more | |
| 123 than the physical screen height. | |
| 124 | |
| 125 *z.* | |
| 126 z. Redraw, line [count] at center of window (default | |
| 127 cursor line). Put cursor at first non-blank in the | |
| 128 line. | |
| 129 | |
| 130 *zz* | |
| 131 zz Like "z.", but leave the cursor in the same column. | |
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132 Careful: If caps-lock is on, this command becomes |
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133 "ZZ": write buffer and exit! |
| 7 | 134 |
| 135 *z-* | |
| 136 z- Redraw, line [count] at bottom of window (default | |
| 137 cursor line). Put cursor at first non-blank in the | |
| 138 line. | |
| 139 | |
| 140 *zb* | |
| 141 zb Like "z-", but leave the cursor in the same column. | |
| 142 | |
| 143 ============================================================================== | |
| 144 4. Scrolling horizontally *scroll-horizontal* | |
| 145 | |
| 146 For the following four commands the cursor follows the screen. If the | |
| 147 character that the cursor is on is moved off the screen, the cursor is moved | |
| 148 to the closest character that is on the screen. The value of 'sidescroll' is | |
| 149 not used. | |
| 150 | |
| 151 z<Right> or *zl* *z<Right>* | |
| 604 | 152 zl Move the view on the text [count] characters to the |
| 153 right, thus scroll the text [count] characters to the | |
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154 left. This only works when 'wrap' is off. |
| 7 | 155 |
| 156 z<Left> or *zh* *z<Left>* | |
| 604 | 157 zh Move the view on the text [count] characters to the |
| 158 left, thus scroll the text [count] characters to the | |
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159 right. This only works when 'wrap' is off. |
| 7 | 160 |
| 161 *zL* | |
| 604 | 162 zL Move the view on the text half a screenwidth to the |
| 163 right, thus scroll the text half a screenwidth to the | |
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164 left. This only works when 'wrap' is off. |
| 7 | 165 |
| 166 *zH* | |
| 604 | 167 zH Move the view on the text half a screenwidth to the |
| 168 left, thus scroll the text half a screenwidth to the | |
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169 right. This only works when 'wrap' is off. |
| 7 | 170 |
| 171 For the following two commands the cursor is not moved in the text, only the | |
| 172 text scrolls on the screen. | |
| 173 | |
| 174 *zs* | |
| 604 | 175 zs Scroll the text horizontally to position the cursor |
| 7 | 176 at the start (left side) of the screen. This only |
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177 works when 'wrap' is off. |
| 7 | 178 |
| 179 *ze* | |
| 604 | 180 ze Scroll the text horizontally to position the cursor |
| 7 | 181 at the end (right side) of the screen. This only |
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182 works when 'wrap' is off. |
| 7 | 183 |
| 184 ============================================================================== | |
| 185 5. Scrolling synchronously *scroll-binding* | |
| 186 | |
| 187 Occasionally, it is desirable to bind two or more windows together such that | |
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188 when one window is scrolled, the other windows are also scrolled. In Vim, |
| 7 | 189 windows can be given this behavior by setting the (window-specific) |
| 190 'scrollbind' option. When a window that has 'scrollbind' set is scrolled, all | |
| 191 other 'scrollbind' windows are scrolled the same amount, if possible. The | |
| 192 behavior of 'scrollbind' can be modified by the 'scrollopt' option. | |
| 193 | |
| 194 When using the scrollbars, the binding only happens when scrolling the window | |
| 195 with focus (where the cursor is). You can use this to avoid scroll-binding | |
| 196 for a moment without resetting options. | |
| 197 | |
| 198 When a window also has the 'diff' option set, the scroll-binding uses the | |
| 199 differences between the two buffers to synchronize the position precisely. | |
| 200 Otherwise the following method is used. | |
| 201 | |
| 202 *scrollbind-relative* | |
| 203 Each 'scrollbind' window keeps track of its "relative offset," which can be | |
| 204 thought of as the difference between the current window's vertical scroll | |
| 205 position and the other window's vertical scroll position. When one of the | |
| 206 'scrollbind' windows is asked to vertically scroll past the beginning or end | |
| 207 limit of its text, the window no longer scrolls, but remembers how far past | |
| 208 the limit it wishes to be. The window keeps this information so that it can | |
| 209 maintain the same relative offset, regardless of its being asked to scroll | |
| 210 past its buffer's limits. | |
| 211 | |
| 212 However, if a 'scrollbind' window that has a relative offset that is past its | |
| 213 buffer's limits is given the cursor focus, the other 'scrollbind' windows must | |
| 214 jump to a location where the current window's relative offset is valid. This | |
| 11062 | 215 behavior can be changed by clearing the "jump" flag from the 'scrollopt' |
| 7 | 216 option. |
| 217 | |
| 1125 | 218 *syncbind* *:syncbind* *:sync* |
| 7 | 219 :syncbind Force all 'scrollbind' windows to have the same |
| 220 relative offset. I.e., when any of the 'scrollbind' | |
| 221 windows is scrolled to the top of its buffer, all of | |
| 222 the 'scrollbind' windows will also be at the top of | |
| 223 their buffers. | |
| 224 | |
| 225 *scrollbind-quickadj* | |
| 226 The 'scrollbind' flag is meaningful when using keyboard commands to vertically | |
| 227 scroll a window, and also meaningful when using the vertical scrollbar of the | |
| 228 window which has the cursor focus. However, when using the vertical scrollbar | |
| 229 of a window which doesn't have the cursor focus, 'scrollbind' is ignored. | |
| 230 This allows quick adjustment of the relative offset of 'scrollbind' windows. | |
| 231 | |
| 232 ============================================================================== | |
| 233 6. Scrolling with a mouse wheel *scroll-mouse-wheel* | |
| 234 | |
| 235 When your mouse has a scroll wheel, it should work with Vim in the GUI. How | |
| 236 it works depends on your system. It might also work in an xterm | |
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237 |xterm-mouse-wheel|. By default only vertical scroll wheels are supported, |
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238 but some GUIs also support horizontal scroll wheels. |
| 7 | 239 |
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240 On MS-Windows, if the scroll action causes input focus -problems, see |
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241 |intellimouse-wheel-problems|. |
| 7 | 242 |
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243 For Win32 and the X11 GUIs (Motif and GTK) scrolling the wheel generates key |
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244 presses <ScrollWheelUp>, <ScrollWheelDown>, <ScrollWheelLeft> and |
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245 <ScrollWheelRight>. For example, if you push the scroll wheel upwards a |
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246 <ScrollWheelUp> key press is generated causing the window to scroll upwards |
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247 (while the text is actually moving downwards). The default action for these |
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248 keys are: |
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249 <ScrollWheelUp> scroll N lines up *<ScrollWheelUp>* |
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250 <S-ScrollWheelUp> scroll one page up *<S-ScrollWheelUp>* |
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251 <C-ScrollWheelUp> scroll one page up *<C-ScrollWheelUp>* |
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252 <ScrollWheelDown> scroll N lines down *<ScrollWheelDown>* |
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253 <S-ScrollWheelDown> scroll one page down *<S-ScrollWheelDown>* |
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254 <C-ScrollWheelDown> scroll one page down *<C-ScrollWheelDown>* |
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255 <ScrollWheelLeft> scroll N columns left *<ScrollWheelLeft>* |
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256 <S-ScrollWheelLeft> scroll one page left *<S-ScrollWheelLeft>* |
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257 <C-ScrollWheelLeft> scroll one page left *<C-ScrollWheelLeft>* |
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258 <ScrollWheelRight> scroll N columns right *<ScrollWheelRight>* |
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259 <S-ScrollWheelRight> scroll one page right *<S-ScrollWheelRight>* |
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260 <C-ScrollWheelRight> scroll one page right *<C-ScrollWheelRight>* |
| 7 | 261 This should work in all modes, except when editing the command line. |
| 262 | |
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263 The value of N depends on the system. By default Vim scrolls three lines when |
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264 moving vertically, and six columns when moving horizontally. On MS-Windows |
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265 the amount of lines and columns for each scroll action is taken from the |
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266 system-wide settings. |
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267 |
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268 Note that horizontal scrolling only works if 'nowrap' is set. Also, unless |
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269 the "h" flag in 'guioptions' is set, the cursor moves to the longest visible |
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270 line if the cursor line is about to be scrolled off the screen (similarly to |
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271 how the horizontal scrollbar works). |
| 7 | 272 |
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273 You can modify the default behavior by mapping the keys. For example, to make |
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274 the scroll wheel move one line or half a page in Normal mode: > |
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275 :map <ScrollWheelUp> <C-Y> |
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276 :map <S-ScrollWheelUp> <C-U> |
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277 :map <ScrollWheelDown> <C-E> |
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278 :map <S-ScrollWheelDown> <C-D> |
| 7 | 279 You can also use Alt and Ctrl modifiers. |
| 280 | |
| 281 This only works when Vim gets the scroll wheel events, of course. You can | |
| 282 check if this works with the "xev" program. | |
| 30967 | 283 *mouse-scrolling-off* |
| 284 If you do not want the mouse to cause scrolling (e.g. because resting your | |
| 285 palm on the touchpad causes scroll events), you can disable that with: > | |
| 286 :map <ScrollWheelDown> <Nop> | |
| 287 :map! <ScrollWheelDown> <Nop> | |
| 288 :map <ScrollWheelUp> <Nop> | |
| 289 :map! <ScrollWheelUp> <Nop> | |
| 290 :map <ScrollWheelLeft> <Nop> | |
| 291 :map! <ScrollWheelLeft> <Nop> | |
| 292 :map <ScrollWheelRight> <Nop> | |
| 293 :map! <ScrollWheelRight> <Nop> | |
| 7 | 294 |
| 237 | 295 When using XFree86, the /etc/XF86Config file should have the correct entry for |
| 7 | 296 your mouse. For FreeBSD, this entry works for a Logitech scrollmouse: > |
| 297 Protocol "MouseMan" | |
| 298 Device "/dev/psm0" | |
| 299 ZAxisMapping 4 5 | |
| 237 | 300 See the XFree86 documentation for information. |
| 7 | 301 |
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302 *<MouseDown>* *<MouseUp>* |
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303 The keys <MouseDown> and <MouseUp> have been deprecated. Use <ScrollWheelUp> |
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304 instead of <MouseDown> and use <ScrollWheelDown> instead of <MouseUp>. |
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305 |
| 7 | 306 *xterm-mouse-wheel* |
| 307 To use the mouse wheel in a new xterm you only have to make the scroll wheel | |
| 308 work in your Xserver, as mentioned above. | |
| 309 | |
| 310 To use the mouse wheel in an older xterm you must do this: | |
| 311 1. Make it work in your Xserver, as mentioned above. | |
| 312 2. Add translations for the xterm, so that the xterm will pass a scroll event | |
| 313 to Vim as an escape sequence. | |
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314 3. Add mappings in Vim, to interpret the escape sequences as <ScrollWheelDown> |
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315 or <ScrollWheelUp> keys. |
| 7 | 316 |
| 317 You can do the translations by adding this to your ~.Xdefaults file (or other | |
| 318 file where your X resources are kept): > | |
| 319 | |
| 320 XTerm*VT100.Translations: #override \n\ | |
| 321 s<Btn4Down>: string("0x9b") string("[64~") \n\ | |
| 322 s<Btn5Down>: string("0x9b") string("[65~") \n\ | |
| 323 <Btn4Down>: string("0x9b") string("[62~") \n\ | |
| 324 <Btn5Down>: string("0x9b") string("[63~") \n\ | |
| 325 <Btn4Up>: \n\ | |
| 326 <Btn5Up>: | |
| 327 | |
| 328 Add these mappings to your vimrc file: > | |
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329 :map <M-Esc>[62~ <ScrollWheelUp> |
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330 :map! <M-Esc>[62~ <ScrollWheelUp> |
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331 :map <M-Esc>[63~ <ScrollWheelDown> |
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332 :map! <M-Esc>[63~ <ScrollWheelDown> |
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333 :map <M-Esc>[64~ <S-ScrollWheelUp> |
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334 :map! <M-Esc>[64~ <S-ScrollWheelUp> |
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335 :map <M-Esc>[65~ <S-ScrollWheelDown> |
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336 :map! <M-Esc>[65~ <S-ScrollWheelDown> |
| 7 | 337 < |
| 14421 | 338 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |