Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/autocmd.txt @ 6918:2def7b25de60
Updated runtime files.
author | Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org> |
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date | Fri, 10 Jul 2015 19:31:35 +0200 |
parents | 676906c33768 |
children | 4db70c94226b |
rev | line source |
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6918 | 1 *autocmd.txt* For Vim version 7.4. Last change: 2015 Jul 10 |
7 | 2 |
3 | |
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
5 | |
6 | |
7 Automatic commands *autocommand* | |
8 | |
9 For a basic explanation, see section |40.3| in the user manual. | |
10 | |
11 1. Introduction |autocmd-intro| | |
12 2. Defining autocommands |autocmd-define| | |
13 3. Removing autocommands |autocmd-remove| | |
14 4. Listing autocommands |autocmd-list| | |
15 5. Events |autocmd-events| | |
16 6. Patterns |autocmd-patterns| | |
40 | 17 7. Buffer-local autocommands |autocmd-buflocal| |
18 8. Groups |autocmd-groups| | |
19 9. Executing autocommands |autocmd-execute| | |
20 10. Using autocommands |autocmd-use| | |
590 | 21 11. Disabling autocommands |autocmd-disable| |
7 | 22 |
23 {Vi does not have any of these commands} | |
24 {only when the |+autocmd| feature has not been disabled at compile time} | |
25 | |
26 ============================================================================== | |
27 1. Introduction *autocmd-intro* | |
28 | |
22 | 29 You can specify commands to be executed automatically when reading or writing |
30 a file, when entering or leaving a buffer or window, and when exiting Vim. | |
31 For example, you can create an autocommand to set the 'cindent' option for | |
32 files matching *.c. You can also use autocommands to implement advanced | |
7 | 33 features, such as editing compressed files (see |gzip-example|). The usual |
34 place to put autocommands is in your .vimrc or .exrc file. | |
35 | |
3371 | 36 *E203* *E204* *E143* *E855* |
7 | 37 WARNING: Using autocommands is very powerful, and may lead to unexpected side |
38 effects. Be careful not to destroy your text. | |
39 - It's a good idea to do some testing on an expendable copy of a file first. | |
40 For example: If you use autocommands to decompress a file when starting to | |
41 edit it, make sure that the autocommands for compressing when writing work | |
42 correctly. | |
43 - Be prepared for an error halfway through (e.g., disk full). Vim will mostly | |
44 be able to undo the changes to the buffer, but you may have to clean up the | |
45 changes to other files by hand (e.g., compress a file that has been | |
46 decompressed). | |
47 - If the BufRead* events allow you to edit a compressed file, the FileRead* | |
48 events should do the same (this makes recovery possible in some rare cases). | |
49 It's a good idea to use the same autocommands for the File* and Buf* events | |
50 when possible. | |
51 | |
52 ============================================================================== | |
53 2. Defining autocommands *autocmd-define* | |
54 | |
55 Note: The ":autocmd" command cannot be followed by another command, since any | |
56 '|' is considered part of the command. | |
57 | |
58 *:au* *:autocmd* | |
59 :au[tocmd] [group] {event} {pat} [nested] {cmd} | |
60 Add {cmd} to the list of commands that Vim will | |
61 execute automatically on {event} for a file matching | |
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62 {pat} |autocmd-patterns|. |
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63 Vim always adds the {cmd} after existing autocommands, |
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64 so that the autocommands execute in the order in which |
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65 they were given. See |autocmd-nested| for [nested]. |
7 | 66 |
40 | 67 The special pattern <buffer> or <buffer=N> defines a buffer-local autocommand. |
68 See |autocmd-buflocal|. | |
69 | |
7 | 70 Note that special characters (e.g., "%", "<cword>") in the ":autocmd" |
71 arguments are not expanded when the autocommand is defined. These will be | |
72 expanded when the Event is recognized, and the {cmd} is executed. The only | |
73 exception is that "<sfile>" is expanded when the autocmd is defined. Example: | |
74 > | |
75 :au BufNewFile,BufRead *.html so <sfile>:h/html.vim | |
76 | |
77 Here Vim expands <sfile> to the name of the file containing this line. | |
78 | |
79 When your .vimrc file is sourced twice, the autocommands will appear twice. | |
80 To avoid this, put this command in your .vimrc file, before defining | |
81 autocommands: > | |
82 | |
83 :autocmd! " Remove ALL autocommands for the current group. | |
84 | |
85 If you don't want to remove all autocommands, you can instead use a variable | |
86 to ensure that Vim includes the autocommands only once: > | |
87 | |
88 :if !exists("autocommands_loaded") | |
89 : let autocommands_loaded = 1 | |
90 : au ... | |
91 :endif | |
92 | |
93 When the [group] argument is not given, Vim uses the current group (as defined | |
94 with ":augroup"); otherwise, Vim uses the group defined with [group]. Note | |
95 that [group] must have been defined before. You cannot define a new group | |
96 with ":au group ..."; use ":augroup" for that. | |
97 | |
98 While testing autocommands, you might find the 'verbose' option to be useful: > | |
99 :set verbose=9 | |
100 This setting makes Vim echo the autocommands as it executes them. | |
101 | |
102 When defining an autocommand in a script, it will be able to call functions | |
103 local to the script and use mappings local to the script. When the event is | |
104 triggered and the command executed, it will run in the context of the script | |
105 it was defined in. This matters if |<SID>| is used in a command. | |
106 | |
1621 | 107 When executing the commands, the message from one command overwrites a |
7 | 108 previous message. This is different from when executing the commands |
109 manually. Mostly the screen will not scroll up, thus there is no hit-enter | |
110 prompt. When one command outputs two messages this can happen anyway. | |
111 | |
112 ============================================================================== | |
113 3. Removing autocommands *autocmd-remove* | |
114 | |
115 :au[tocmd]! [group] {event} {pat} [nested] {cmd} | |
116 Remove all autocommands associated with {event} and | |
117 {pat}, and add the command {cmd}. See | |
118 |autocmd-nested| for [nested]. | |
119 | |
120 :au[tocmd]! [group] {event} {pat} | |
121 Remove all autocommands associated with {event} and | |
122 {pat}. | |
123 | |
124 :au[tocmd]! [group] * {pat} | |
125 Remove all autocommands associated with {pat} for all | |
126 events. | |
127 | |
128 :au[tocmd]! [group] {event} | |
129 Remove ALL autocommands for {event}. | |
130 | |
131 :au[tocmd]! [group] Remove ALL autocommands. | |
132 | |
133 When the [group] argument is not given, Vim uses the current group (as defined | |
134 with ":augroup"); otherwise, Vim uses the group defined with [group]. | |
135 | |
136 ============================================================================== | |
137 4. Listing autocommands *autocmd-list* | |
138 | |
139 :au[tocmd] [group] {event} {pat} | |
140 Show the autocommands associated with {event} and | |
141 {pat}. | |
142 | |
143 :au[tocmd] [group] * {pat} | |
144 Show the autocommands associated with {pat} for all | |
145 events. | |
146 | |
147 :au[tocmd] [group] {event} | |
148 Show all autocommands for {event}. | |
149 | |
150 :au[tocmd] [group] Show all autocommands. | |
151 | |
152 If you provide the [group] argument, Vim lists only the autocommands for | |
153 [group]; otherwise, Vim lists the autocommands for ALL groups. Note that this | |
154 argument behavior differs from that for defining and removing autocommands. | |
155 | |
40 | 156 In order to list buffer-local autocommands, use a pattern in the form <buffer> |
157 or <buffer=N>. See |autocmd-buflocal|. | |
158 | |
500 | 159 *:autocmd-verbose* |
160 When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing an autocommand will also display where it | |
161 was last defined. Example: > | |
162 | |
163 :verbose autocmd BufEnter | |
164 FileExplorer BufEnter | |
856 | 165 * call s:LocalBrowse(expand("<amatch>")) |
500 | 166 Last set from /usr/share/vim/vim-7.0/plugin/NetrwPlugin.vim |
167 < | |
168 See |:verbose-cmd| for more information. | |
169 | |
7 | 170 ============================================================================== |
171 5. Events *autocmd-events* *E215* *E216* | |
172 | |
579 | 173 You can specify a comma-separated list of event names. No white space can be |
174 used in this list. The command applies to all the events in the list. | |
175 | |
176 For READING FILES there are four kinds of events possible: | |
177 BufNewFile starting to edit a non-existent file | |
178 BufReadPre BufReadPost starting to edit an existing file | |
179 FilterReadPre FilterReadPost read the temp file with filter output | |
180 FileReadPre FileReadPost any other file read | |
181 Vim uses only one of these four kinds when reading a file. The "Pre" and | |
182 "Post" events are both triggered, before and after reading the file. | |
183 | |
184 Note that the autocommands for the *ReadPre events and all the Filter events | |
185 are not allowed to change the current buffer (you will get an error message if | |
186 this happens). This is to prevent the file to be read into the wrong buffer. | |
187 | |
188 Note that the 'modified' flag is reset AFTER executing the BufReadPost | |
189 and BufNewFile autocommands. But when the 'modified' option was set by the | |
190 autocommands, this doesn't happen. | |
191 | |
192 You can use the 'eventignore' option to ignore a number of events or all | |
193 events. | |
7 | 194 *autocommand-events* *{event}* |
195 Vim recognizes the following events. Vim ignores the case of event names | |
196 (e.g., you can use "BUFread" or "bufread" instead of "BufRead"). | |
197 | |
579 | 198 First an overview by function with a short explanation. Then the list |
843 | 199 alphabetically with full explanations |autocmd-events-abc|. |
579 | 200 |
201 Name triggered by ~ | |
202 | |
203 Reading | |
204 |BufNewFile| starting to edit a file that doesn't exist | |
205 |BufReadPre| starting to edit a new buffer, before reading the file | |
206 |BufRead| starting to edit a new buffer, after reading the file | |
207 |BufReadPost| starting to edit a new buffer, after reading the file | |
208 |BufReadCmd| before starting to edit a new buffer |Cmd-event| | |
209 | |
210 |FileReadPre| before reading a file with a ":read" command | |
211 |FileReadPost| after reading a file with a ":read" command | |
843 | 212 |FileReadCmd| before reading a file with a ":read" command |Cmd-event| |
579 | 213 |
214 |FilterReadPre| before reading a file from a filter command | |
215 |FilterReadPost| after reading a file from a filter command | |
216 | |
217 |StdinReadPre| before reading from stdin into the buffer | |
218 |StdinReadPost| After reading from the stdin into the buffer | |
219 | |
220 Writing | |
221 |BufWrite| starting to write the whole buffer to a file | |
222 |BufWritePre| starting to write the whole buffer to a file | |
223 |BufWritePost| after writing the whole buffer to a file | |
224 |BufWriteCmd| before writing the whole buffer to a file |Cmd-event| | |
225 | |
226 |FileWritePre| starting to write part of a buffer to a file | |
227 |FileWritePost| after writing part of a buffer to a file | |
228 |FileWriteCmd| before writing part of a buffer to a file |Cmd-event| | |
229 | |
230 |FileAppendPre| starting to append to a file | |
231 |FileAppendPost| after appending to a file | |
232 |FileAppendCmd| before appending to a file |Cmd-event| | |
233 | |
234 |FilterWritePre| starting to write a file for a filter command or diff | |
235 |FilterWritePost| after writing a file for a filter command or diff | |
236 | |
237 Buffers | |
238 |BufAdd| just after adding a buffer to the buffer list | |
239 |BufCreate| just after adding a buffer to the buffer list | |
240 |BufDelete| before deleting a buffer from the buffer list | |
241 |BufWipeout| before completely deleting a buffer | |
242 | |
243 |BufFilePre| before changing the name of the current buffer | |
244 |BufFilePost| after changing the name of the current buffer | |
245 | |
246 |BufEnter| after entering a buffer | |
247 |BufLeave| before leaving to another buffer | |
248 |BufWinEnter| after a buffer is displayed in a window | |
249 |BufWinLeave| before a buffer is removed from a window | |
250 | |
251 |BufUnload| before unloading a buffer | |
252 |BufHidden| just after a buffer has become hidden | |
253 |BufNew| just after creating a new buffer | |
254 | |
255 |SwapExists| detected an existing swap file | |
256 | |
257 Options | |
258 |FileType| when the 'filetype' option has been set | |
259 |Syntax| when the 'syntax' option has been set | |
260 |EncodingChanged| after the 'encoding' option has been changed | |
261 |TermChanged| after the value of 'term' has changed | |
262 | |
263 Startup and exit | |
264 |VimEnter| after doing all the startup stuff | |
265 |GUIEnter| after starting the GUI successfully | |
3830 | 266 |GUIFailed| after starting the GUI failed |
1154 | 267 |TermResponse| after the terminal response to |t_RV| is received |
579 | 268 |
4119 | 269 |QuitPre| when using `:quit`, before deciding whether to quit |
579 | 270 |VimLeavePre| before exiting Vim, before writing the viminfo file |
271 |VimLeave| before exiting Vim, after writing the viminfo file | |
272 | |
273 Various | |
274 |FileChangedShell| Vim notices that a file changed since editing started | |
766 | 275 |FileChangedShellPost| After handling a file changed since editing started |
579 | 276 |FileChangedRO| before making the first change to a read-only file |
277 | |
724 | 278 |ShellCmdPost| after executing a shell command |
279 |ShellFilterPost| after filtering with a shell command | |
280 | |
6154 | 281 |CmdUndefined| a user command is used but it isn't defined |
579 | 282 |FuncUndefined| a user function is used but it isn't defined |
650 | 283 |SpellFileMissing| a spell file is used but it can't be found |
716 | 284 |SourcePre| before sourcing a Vim script |
1061 | 285 |SourceCmd| before sourcing a Vim script |Cmd-event| |
579 | 286 |
766 | 287 |VimResized| after the Vim window size changed |
579 | 288 |FocusGained| Vim got input focus |
289 |FocusLost| Vim lost input focus | |
290 |CursorHold| the user doesn't press a key for a while | |
661 | 291 |CursorHoldI| the user doesn't press a key for a while in Insert mode |
292 |CursorMoved| the cursor was moved in Normal mode | |
293 |CursorMovedI| the cursor was moved in Insert mode | |
579 | 294 |
295 |WinEnter| after entering another window | |
296 |WinLeave| before leaving a window | |
677 | 297 |TabEnter| after entering another tab page |
298 |TabLeave| before leaving a tab page | |
579 | 299 |CmdwinEnter| after entering the command-line window |
300 |CmdwinLeave| before leaving the command-line window | |
301 | |
302 |InsertEnter| starting Insert mode | |
303 |InsertChange| when typing <Insert> while in Insert or Replace mode | |
304 |InsertLeave| when leaving Insert mode | |
2845 | 305 |InsertCharPre| when a character was typed in Insert mode, before |
306 inserting it | |
579 | 307 |
5555 | 308 |TextChanged| after a change was made to the text in Normal mode |
309 |TextChangedI| after a change was made to the text in Insert mode | |
310 | |
579 | 311 |ColorScheme| after loading a color scheme |
312 | |
313 |RemoteReply| a reply from a server Vim was received | |
314 | |
315 |QuickFixCmdPre| before a quickfix command is run | |
316 |QuickFixCmdPost| after a quickfix command is run | |
317 | |
318 |SessionLoadPost| after loading a session file | |
319 | |
320 |MenuPopup| just before showing the popup menu | |
3830 | 321 |CompleteDone| after Insert mode completion is done |
579 | 322 |
323 |User| to be used in combination with ":doautocmd" | |
324 | |
325 | |
326 The alphabetical list of autocommand events: *autocmd-events-abc* | |
327 | |
328 *BufCreate* *BufAdd* | |
329 BufAdd or BufCreate Just after creating a new buffer which is | |
330 added to the buffer list, or adding a buffer | |
331 to the buffer list. | |
332 Also used just after a buffer in the buffer | |
333 list has been renamed. | |
334 The BufCreate event is for historic reasons. | |
335 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the | |
336 current buffer "%" may be different from the | |
337 buffer being created "<afile>". | |
338 *BufDelete* | |
339 BufDelete Before deleting a buffer from the buffer list. | |
340 The BufUnload may be called first (if the | |
341 buffer was loaded). | |
342 Also used just before a buffer in the buffer | |
343 list is renamed. | |
344 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the | |
345 current buffer "%" may be different from the | |
1621 | 346 buffer being deleted "<afile>" and "<abuf>". |
1919 | 347 Don't change to another buffer, it will cause |
348 problems. | |
579 | 349 *BufEnter* |
350 BufEnter After entering a buffer. Useful for setting | |
351 options for a file type. Also executed when | |
352 starting to edit a buffer, after the | |
353 BufReadPost autocommands. | |
354 *BufFilePost* | |
355 BufFilePost After changing the name of the current buffer | |
356 with the ":file" or ":saveas" command. | |
625 | 357 *BufFilePre* |
579 | 358 BufFilePre Before changing the name of the current buffer |
359 with the ":file" or ":saveas" command. | |
360 *BufHidden* | |
361 BufHidden Just after a buffer has become hidden. That | |
362 is, when there are no longer windows that show | |
363 the buffer, but the buffer is not unloaded or | |
364 deleted. Not used for ":qa" or ":q" when | |
365 exiting Vim. | |
366 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the | |
367 current buffer "%" may be different from the | |
368 buffer being unloaded "<afile>". | |
369 *BufLeave* | |
370 BufLeave Before leaving to another buffer. Also when | |
371 leaving or closing the current window and the | |
372 new current window is not for the same buffer. | |
373 Not used for ":qa" or ":q" when exiting Vim. | |
374 *BufNew* | |
375 BufNew Just after creating a new buffer. Also used | |
376 just after a buffer has been renamed. When | |
377 the buffer is added to the buffer list BufAdd | |
378 will be triggered too. | |
379 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the | |
380 current buffer "%" may be different from the | |
381 buffer being created "<afile>". | |
7 | 382 *BufNewFile* |
383 BufNewFile When starting to edit a file that doesn't | |
384 exist. Can be used to read in a skeleton | |
385 file. | |
386 *BufRead* *BufReadPost* | |
387 BufRead or BufReadPost When starting to edit a new buffer, after | |
388 reading the file into the buffer, before | |
389 executing the modelines. See |BufWinEnter| | |
390 for when you need to do something after | |
391 processing the modelines. | |
392 This does NOT work for ":r file". Not used | |
393 when the file doesn't exist. Also used after | |
394 successfully recovering a file. | |
3682 | 395 Also triggered for the filetypedetect group |
396 when executing ":filetype detect" and when | |
397 writing an unnamed buffer in a way that the | |
398 buffer gets a name. | |
625 | 399 *BufReadCmd* |
7 | 400 BufReadCmd Before starting to edit a new buffer. Should |
401 read the file into the buffer. |Cmd-event| | |
625 | 402 *BufReadPre* *E200* *E201* |
579 | 403 BufReadPre When starting to edit a new buffer, before |
404 reading the file into the buffer. Not used | |
405 if the file doesn't exist. | |
406 *BufUnload* | |
407 BufUnload Before unloading a buffer. This is when the | |
408 text in the buffer is going to be freed. This | |
409 may be after a BufWritePost and before a | |
410 BufDelete. Also used for all buffers that are | |
411 loaded when Vim is going to exit. | |
412 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the | |
413 current buffer "%" may be different from the | |
414 buffer being unloaded "<afile>". | |
1919 | 415 Don't change to another buffer, it will cause |
416 problems. | |
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
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417 When exiting and v:dying is 2 or more this |
36a9ac99e1ca
Don't execute some autocommands when v:dying is 2 or more.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
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418 event is not triggered. |
579 | 419 *BufWinEnter* |
420 BufWinEnter After a buffer is displayed in a window. This | |
421 can be when the buffer is loaded (after | |
1621 | 422 processing the modelines) or when a hidden |
579 | 423 buffer is displayed in a window (and is no |
1621 | 424 longer hidden). |
425 Does not happen for |:split| without | |
426 arguments, since you keep editing the same | |
427 buffer, or ":split" with a file that's already | |
1668 | 428 open in a window, because it re-uses an |
429 existing buffer. But it does happen for a | |
430 ":split" with the name of the current buffer, | |
431 since it reloads that buffer. | |
579 | 432 *BufWinLeave* |
433 BufWinLeave Before a buffer is removed from a window. | |
434 Not when it's still visible in another window. | |
435 Also triggered when exiting. It's triggered | |
436 before BufUnload or BufHidden. | |
437 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the | |
438 current buffer "%" may be different from the | |
439 buffer being unloaded "<afile>". | |
2226
36a9ac99e1ca
Don't execute some autocommands when v:dying is 2 or more.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
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440 When exiting and v:dying is 2 or more this |
36a9ac99e1ca
Don't execute some autocommands when v:dying is 2 or more.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
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441 event is not triggered. |
579 | 442 *BufWipeout* |
443 BufWipeout Before completely deleting a buffer. The | |
444 BufUnload and BufDelete events may be called | |
445 first (if the buffer was loaded and was in the | |
446 buffer list). Also used just before a buffer | |
447 is renamed (also when it's not in the buffer | |
448 list). | |
449 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the | |
450 current buffer "%" may be different from the | |
451 buffer being deleted "<afile>". | |
1919 | 452 Don't change to another buffer, it will cause |
453 problems. | |
7 | 454 *BufWrite* *BufWritePre* |
455 BufWrite or BufWritePre Before writing the whole buffer to a file. | |
456 *BufWriteCmd* | |
457 BufWriteCmd Before writing the whole buffer to a file. | |
458 Should do the writing of the file and reset | |
39 | 459 'modified' if successful, unless '+' is in |
460 'cpo' and writing to another file |cpo-+|. | |
461 The buffer contents should not be changed. | |
3082 | 462 When the command resets 'modified' the undo |
463 information is adjusted to mark older undo | |
464 states as 'modified', like |:write| does. | |
39 | 465 |Cmd-event| |
579 | 466 *BufWritePost* |
467 BufWritePost After writing the whole buffer to a file | |
468 (should undo the commands for BufWritePre). | |
6154 | 469 *CmdUndefined* |
470 CmdUndefined When a user command is used but it isn't | |
471 defined. Useful for defining a command only | |
472 when it's used. The pattern is matched | |
473 against the command name. Both <amatch> and | |
474 <afile> are set to the name of the command. | |
475 NOTE: Autocompletion won't work until the | |
476 command is defined. An alternative is to | |
477 always define the user command and have it | |
478 invoke an autoloaded function. See |autoload|. | |
579 | 479 *CmdwinEnter* |
480 CmdwinEnter After entering the command-line window. | |
481 Useful for setting options specifically for | |
482 this special type of window. This is | |
483 triggered _instead_ of BufEnter and WinEnter. | |
484 <afile> is set to a single character, | |
485 indicating the type of command-line. | |
486 |cmdwin-char| | |
487 *CmdwinLeave* | |
488 CmdwinLeave Before leaving the command-line window. | |
489 Useful to clean up any global setting done | |
490 with CmdwinEnter. This is triggered _instead_ | |
491 of BufLeave and WinLeave. | |
492 <afile> is set to a single character, | |
493 indicating the type of command-line. | |
494 |cmdwin-char| | |
495 *ColorScheme* | |
496 ColorScheme After loading a color scheme. |:colorscheme| | |
5521 | 497 The pattern is matched against the |
498 colorscheme name. <afile> can be used for the | |
499 name of the actual file where this option was | |
500 set, and <amatch> for the new colorscheme | |
501 name. | |
502 | |
661 | 503 |
3682 | 504 *CompleteDone* |
505 CompleteDone After Insert mode completion is done. Either | |
506 when something was completed or abandoning | |
507 completion. |ins-completion| | |
6909 | 508 The |v:completed_item| variable contains |
509 information about the completed item. | |
3682 | 510 |
579 | 511 *CursorHold* |
512 CursorHold When the user doesn't press a key for the time | |
513 specified with 'updatetime'. Not re-triggered | |
514 until the user has pressed a key (i.e. doesn't | |
515 fire every 'updatetime' ms if you leave Vim to | |
516 make some coffee. :) See |CursorHold-example| | |
517 for previewing tags. | |
518 This event is only triggered in Normal mode. | |
1154 | 519 It is not triggered when waiting for a command |
520 argument to be typed, or a movement after an | |
521 operator. | |
610 | 522 While recording the CursorHold event is not |
523 triggered. |q| | |
6259 | 524 *<CursorHold>* |
525 Internally the autocommand is triggered by the | |
526 <CursorHold> key. In an expression mapping | |
527 |getchar()| may see this character. | |
528 | |
579 | 529 Note: Interactive commands cannot be used for |
530 this event. There is no hit-enter prompt, | |
531 the screen is updated directly (when needed). | |
532 Note: In the future there will probably be | |
533 another option to set the time. | |
534 Hint: to force an update of the status lines | |
535 use: > | |
536 :let &ro = &ro | |
537 < {only on Amiga, Unix, Win32, MSDOS and all GUI | |
538 versions} | |
661 | 539 *CursorHoldI* |
540 CursorHoldI Just like CursorHold, but in Insert mode. | |
541 | |
542 *CursorMoved* | |
4911 | 543 CursorMoved After the cursor was moved in Normal or Visual |
544 mode. Also when the text of the cursor line | |
545 has been changed, e.g., with "x", "rx" or "p". | |
661 | 546 Not triggered when there is typeahead or when |
547 an operator is pending. | |
667 | 548 For an example see |match-parens|. |
4264 | 549 Careful: This is triggered very often, don't |
550 do anything that the user does not expect or | |
551 that is slow. | |
661 | 552 *CursorMovedI* |
553 CursorMovedI After the cursor was moved in Insert mode. | |
3082 | 554 Not triggered when the popup menu is visible. |
661 | 555 Otherwise the same as CursorMoved. |
579 | 556 *EncodingChanged* |
557 EncodingChanged Fires off after the 'encoding' option has been | |
558 changed. Useful to set up fonts, for example. | |
7 | 559 *FileAppendCmd* |
560 FileAppendCmd Before appending to a file. Should do the | |
26 | 561 appending to the file. Use the '[ and '] |
562 marks for the range of lines.|Cmd-event| | |
579 | 563 *FileAppendPost* |
564 FileAppendPost After appending to a file. | |
565 *FileAppendPre* | |
566 FileAppendPre Before appending to a file. Use the '[ and '] | |
567 marks for the range of lines. | |
568 *FileChangedRO* | |
569 FileChangedRO Before making the first change to a read-only | |
570 file. Can be used to check-out the file from | |
571 a source control system. Not triggered when | |
572 the change was caused by an autocommand. | |
573 This event is triggered when making the first | |
574 change in a buffer or the first change after | |
823 | 575 'readonly' was set, just before the change is |
576 applied to the text. | |
579 | 577 WARNING: If the autocommand moves the cursor |
578 the effect of the change is undefined. | |
819 | 579 *E788* |
580 It is not allowed to change to another buffer | |
581 here. You can reload the buffer but not edit | |
582 another one. | |
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583 *E881* |
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584 If the number of lines changes saving for undo |
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585 may fail and the change will be aborted. |
7 | 586 *FileChangedShell* |
587 FileChangedShell When Vim notices that the modification time of | |
588 a file has changed since editing started. | |
589 Also when the file attributes of the file | |
5908 | 590 change or when the size of the file changes. |
591 |timestamp| | |
7 | 592 Mostly triggered after executing a shell |
593 command, but also with a |:checktime| command | |
179 | 594 or when Gvim regains input focus. |
7 | 595 This autocommand is triggered for each changed |
596 file. It is not used when 'autoread' is set | |
597 and the buffer was not changed. If a | |
598 FileChangedShell autocommand is present the | |
599 warning message and prompt is not given. | |
179 | 600 The |v:fcs_reason| variable is set to indicate |
601 what happened and |v:fcs_choice| can be used | |
602 to tell Vim what to do next. | |
7 | 603 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the |
604 current buffer "%" may be different from the | |
605 buffer that was changed "<afile>". | |
606 NOTE: The commands must not change the current | |
607 buffer, jump to another buffer or delete a | |
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608 buffer. *E246* *E811* |
7 | 609 NOTE: This event never nests, to avoid an |
610 endless loop. This means that while executing | |
611 commands for the FileChangedShell event no | |
612 other FileChangedShell event will be | |
613 triggered. | |
766 | 614 *FileChangedShellPost* |
615 FileChangedShellPost After handling a file that was changed outside | |
616 of Vim. Can be used to update the statusline. | |
579 | 617 *FileEncoding* |
618 FileEncoding Obsolete. It still works and is equivalent | |
619 to |EncodingChanged|. | |
620 *FileReadCmd* | |
621 FileReadCmd Before reading a file with a ":read" command. | |
622 Should do the reading of the file. |Cmd-event| | |
623 *FileReadPost* | |
624 FileReadPost After reading a file with a ":read" command. | |
625 Note that Vim sets the '[ and '] marks to the | |
626 first and last line of the read. This can be | |
627 used to operate on the lines just read. | |
628 *FileReadPre* | |
629 FileReadPre Before reading a file with a ":read" command. | |
630 *FileType* | |
1154 | 631 FileType When the 'filetype' option has been set. The |
632 pattern is matched against the filetype. | |
579 | 633 <afile> can be used for the name of the file |
634 where this option was set, and <amatch> for | |
635 the new value of 'filetype'. | |
636 See |filetypes|. | |
637 *FileWriteCmd* | |
638 FileWriteCmd Before writing to a file, when not writing the | |
639 whole buffer. Should do the writing to the | |
640 file. Should not change the buffer. Use the | |
641 '[ and '] marks for the range of lines. | |
642 |Cmd-event| | |
643 *FileWritePost* | |
644 FileWritePost After writing to a file, when not writing the | |
645 whole buffer. | |
646 *FileWritePre* | |
647 FileWritePre Before writing to a file, when not writing the | |
648 whole buffer. Use the '[ and '] marks for the | |
649 range of lines. | |
650 *FilterReadPost* | |
651 FilterReadPost After reading a file from a filter command. | |
652 Vim checks the pattern against the name of | |
653 the current buffer as with FilterReadPre. | |
654 Not triggered when 'shelltemp' is off. | |
655 *FilterReadPre* *E135* | |
656 FilterReadPre Before reading a file from a filter command. | |
657 Vim checks the pattern against the name of | |
658 the current buffer, not the name of the | |
659 temporary file that is the output of the | |
660 filter command. | |
661 Not triggered when 'shelltemp' is off. | |
662 *FilterWritePost* | |
663 FilterWritePost After writing a file for a filter command or | |
664 making a diff. | |
665 Vim checks the pattern against the name of | |
666 the current buffer as with FilterWritePre. | |
667 Not triggered when 'shelltemp' is off. | |
668 *FilterWritePre* | |
669 FilterWritePre Before writing a file for a filter command or | |
670 making a diff. | |
671 Vim checks the pattern against the name of | |
672 the current buffer, not the name of the | |
673 temporary file that is the output of the | |
674 filter command. | |
675 Not triggered when 'shelltemp' is off. | |
7 | 676 *FocusGained* |
677 FocusGained When Vim got input focus. Only for the GUI | |
678 version and a few console versions where this | |
679 can be detected. | |
680 *FocusLost* | |
681 FocusLost When Vim lost input focus. Only for the GUI | |
682 version and a few console versions where this | |
11 | 683 can be detected. May also happen when a |
684 dialog pops up. | |
7 | 685 *FuncUndefined* |
686 FuncUndefined When a user function is used but it isn't | |
687 defined. Useful for defining a function only | |
1154 | 688 when it's used. The pattern is matched |
689 against the function name. Both <amatch> and | |
690 <afile> are set to the name of the function. | |
6154 | 691 NOTE: When writing Vim scripts a better |
692 alternative is to use an autoloaded function. | |
161 | 693 See |autoload-functions|. |
579 | 694 *GUIEnter* |
695 GUIEnter After starting the GUI successfully, and after | |
696 opening the window. It is triggered before | |
697 VimEnter when using gvim. Can be used to | |
698 position the window from a .gvimrc file: > | |
699 :autocmd GUIEnter * winpos 100 50 | |
1154 | 700 < *GUIFailed* |
701 GUIFailed After starting the GUI failed. Vim may | |
702 continue to run in the terminal, if possible | |
703 (only on Unix and alikes, when connecting the | |
704 X server fails). You may want to quit Vim: > | |
705 :autocmd GUIFailed * qall | |
579 | 706 < *InsertChange* |
707 InsertChange When typing <Insert> while in Insert or | |
708 Replace mode. The |v:insertmode| variable | |
709 indicates the new mode. | |
710 Be careful not to move the cursor or do | |
711 anything else that the user does not expect. | |
2845 | 712 *InsertCharPre* |
713 InsertCharPre When a character is typed in Insert mode, | |
714 before inserting the char. | |
715 The |v:char| variable indicates the char typed | |
716 and can be changed during the event to insert | |
717 a different character. When |v:char| is set | |
718 to more than one character this text is | |
719 inserted literally. | |
720 It is not allowed to change the text |textlock|. | |
721 The event is not triggered when 'paste' is | |
722 set. | |
579 | 723 *InsertEnter* |
1154 | 724 InsertEnter Just before starting Insert mode. Also for |
725 Replace mode and Virtual Replace mode. The | |
579 | 726 |v:insertmode| variable indicates the mode. |
4448 | 727 Be careful not to do anything else that the |
728 user does not expect. | |
729 The cursor is restored afterwards. If you do | |
730 not want that set |v:char| to a non-empty | |
731 string. | |
579 | 732 *InsertLeave* |
733 InsertLeave When leaving Insert mode. Also when using | |
734 CTRL-O |i_CTRL-O|. But not for |i_CTRL-C|. | |
735 *MenuPopup* | |
736 MenuPopup Just before showing the popup menu (under the | |
737 right mouse button). Useful for adjusting the | |
738 menu for what is under the cursor or mouse | |
739 pointer. | |
740 The pattern is matched against a single | |
741 character representing the mode: | |
742 n Normal | |
743 v Visual | |
744 o Operator-pending | |
745 i Insert | |
843 | 746 c Command line |
579 | 747 *QuickFixCmdPre* |
748 QuickFixCmdPre Before a quickfix command is run (|:make|, | |
657 | 749 |:lmake|, |:grep|, |:lgrep|, |:grepadd|, |
750 |:lgrepadd|, |:vimgrep|, |:lvimgrep|, | |
3281 | 751 |:vimgrepadd|, |:lvimgrepadd|, |:cscope|, |
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752 |:cfile|, |:cgetfile|, |:caddfile|, |:lfile|, |
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753 |:lgetfile|, |:laddfile|, |:helpgrep|, |
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754 |:lhelpgrep|). |
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755 The pattern is matched against the command |
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756 being run. When |:grep| is used but 'grepprg' |
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757 is set to "internal" it still matches "grep". |
579 | 758 This command cannot be used to set the |
759 'makeprg' and 'grepprg' variables. | |
760 If this command causes an error, the quickfix | |
761 command is not executed. | |
762 *QuickFixCmdPost* | |
763 QuickFixCmdPost Like QuickFixCmdPre, but after a quickfix | |
842 | 764 command is run, before jumping to the first |
3404 | 765 location. For |:cfile| and |:lfile| commands |
766 it is run after error file is read and before | |
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767 moving to the first error. |
3404 | 768 See |QuickFixCmdPost-example|. |
3682 | 769 *QuitPre* |
4229 | 770 QuitPre When using `:quit`, `:wq` or `:qall`, before |
771 deciding whether it closes the current window | |
772 or quits Vim. Can be used to close any | |
773 non-essential window if the current window is | |
774 the last ordinary window. | |
579 | 775 *RemoteReply* |
776 RemoteReply When a reply from a Vim that functions as | |
1154 | 777 server was received |server2client()|. The |
778 pattern is matched against the {serverid}. | |
579 | 779 <amatch> is equal to the {serverid} from which |
780 the reply was sent, and <afile> is the actual | |
781 reply string. | |
782 Note that even if an autocommand is defined, | |
783 the reply should be read with |remote_read()| | |
784 to consume it. | |
785 *SessionLoadPost* | |
786 SessionLoadPost After loading the session file created using | |
787 the |:mksession| command. | |
724 | 788 *ShellCmdPost* |
789 ShellCmdPost After executing a shell command with |:!cmd|, | |
790 |:shell|, |:make| and |:grep|. Can be used to | |
791 check for any changed files. | |
792 *ShellFilterPost* | |
793 ShellFilterPost After executing a shell command with | |
794 ":{range}!cmd", ":w !cmd" or ":r !cmd". | |
795 Can be used to check for any changed files. | |
716 | 796 *SourcePre* |
797 SourcePre Before sourcing a Vim script. |:source| | |
1061 | 798 <afile> is the name of the file being sourced. |
799 *SourceCmd* | |
800 SourceCmd When sourcing a Vim script. |:source| | |
801 <afile> is the name of the file being sourced. | |
802 The autocommand must source this file. | |
803 |Cmd-event| | |
650 | 804 *SpellFileMissing* |
805 SpellFileMissing When trying to load a spell checking file and | |
1061 | 806 it can't be found. The pattern is matched |
807 against the language. <amatch> is the | |
808 language, 'encoding' also matters. See | |
650 | 809 |spell-SpellFileMissing|. |
579 | 810 *StdinReadPost* |
811 StdinReadPost After reading from the stdin into the buffer, | |
812 before executing the modelines. Only used | |
813 when the "-" argument was used when Vim was | |
814 started |--|. | |
815 *StdinReadPre* | |
816 StdinReadPre Before reading from stdin into the buffer. | |
817 Only used when the "-" argument was used when | |
818 Vim was started |--|. | |
819 *SwapExists* | |
820 SwapExists Detected an existing swap file when starting | |
821 to edit a file. Only when it is possible to | |
822 select a way to handle the situation, when Vim | |
823 would ask the user what to do. | |
824 The |v:swapname| variable holds the name of | |
590 | 825 the swap file found, <afile> the file being |
826 edited. |v:swapcommand| may contain a command | |
827 to be executed in the opened file. | |
828 The commands should set the |v:swapchoice| | |
829 variable to a string with one character to | |
830 tell Vim what should be done next: | |
579 | 831 'o' open read-only |
832 'e' edit the file anyway | |
833 'r' recover | |
834 'd' delete the swap file | |
835 'q' quit, don't edit the file | |
836 'a' abort, like hitting CTRL-C | |
837 When set to an empty string the user will be | |
838 asked, as if there was no SwapExists autocmd. | |
1919 | 839 *E812* |
840 It is not allowed to change to another buffer, | |
841 change a buffer name or change directory | |
842 here. | |
579 | 843 *Syntax* |
1154 | 844 Syntax When the 'syntax' option has been set. The |
845 pattern is matched against the syntax name. | |
579 | 846 <afile> can be used for the name of the file |
847 where this option was set, and <amatch> for | |
848 the new value of 'syntax'. | |
849 See |:syn-on|. | |
677 | 850 *TabEnter* |
851 TabEnter Just after entering a tab page. |tab-page| | |
872 | 852 After triggering the WinEnter and before |
853 triggering the BufEnter event. | |
677 | 854 *TabLeave* |
855 TabLeave Just before leaving a tab page. |tab-page| | |
856 A WinLeave event will have been triggered | |
857 first. | |
579 | 858 *TermChanged* |
859 TermChanged After the value of 'term' has changed. Useful | |
860 for re-loading the syntax file to update the | |
861 colors, fonts and other terminal-dependent | |
862 settings. Executed for all loaded buffers. | |
863 *TermResponse* | |
864 TermResponse After the response to |t_RV| is received from | |
865 the terminal. The value of |v:termresponse| | |
866 can be used to do things depending on the | |
2788 | 867 terminal version. Note that this event may be |
868 triggered halfway executing another event, | |
869 especially if file I/O, a shell command or | |
870 anything else that takes time is involved. | |
4264 | 871 *TextChanged* |
872 TextChanged After a change was made to the text in the | |
873 current buffer in Normal mode. That is when | |
874 |b:changedtick| has changed. | |
875 Not triggered when there is typeahead or when | |
876 an operator is pending. | |
877 Careful: This is triggered very often, don't | |
878 do anything that the user does not expect or | |
879 that is slow. | |
880 *TextChangedI* | |
881 TextChangedI After a change was made to the text in the | |
882 current buffer in Insert mode. | |
883 Not triggered when the popup menu is visible. | |
884 Otherwise the same as TextChanged. | |
579 | 885 *User* |
886 User Never executed automatically. To be used for | |
887 autocommands that are only executed with | |
888 ":doautocmd". | |
889 *UserGettingBored* | |
4264 | 890 UserGettingBored When the user presses the same key 42 times. |
891 Just kidding! :-) | |
579 | 892 *VimEnter* |
893 VimEnter After doing all the startup stuff, including | |
894 loading .vimrc files, executing the "-c cmd" | |
895 arguments, creating all windows and loading | |
896 the buffers in them. | |
897 *VimLeave* | |
898 VimLeave Before exiting Vim, just after writing the | |
899 .viminfo file. Executed only once, like | |
900 VimLeavePre. | |
901 To detect an abnormal exit use |v:dying|. | |
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902 When v:dying is 2 or more this event is not |
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903 triggered. |
579 | 904 *VimLeavePre* |
905 VimLeavePre Before exiting Vim, just before writing the | |
906 .viminfo file. This is executed only once, | |
907 if there is a match with the name of what | |
908 happens to be the current buffer when exiting. | |
909 Mostly useful with a "*" pattern. > | |
910 :autocmd VimLeavePre * call CleanupStuff() | |
911 < To detect an abnormal exit use |v:dying|. | |
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912 When v:dying is 2 or more this event is not |
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913 triggered. |
766 | 914 *VimResized* |
915 VimResized After the Vim window was resized, thus 'lines' | |
916 and/or 'columns' changed. Not when starting | |
917 up though. | |
7 | 918 *WinEnter* |
919 WinEnter After entering another window. Not done for | |
920 the first window, when Vim has just started. | |
921 Useful for setting the window height. | |
922 If the window is for another buffer, Vim | |
923 executes the BufEnter autocommands after the | |
924 WinEnter autocommands. | |
925 Note: When using ":split fname" the WinEnter | |
926 event is triggered after the split but before | |
927 the file "fname" is loaded. | |
928 *WinLeave* | |
929 WinLeave Before leaving a window. If the window to be | |
930 entered next is for a different buffer, Vim | |
931 executes the BufLeave autocommands before the | |
932 WinLeave autocommands (but not for ":new"). | |
933 Not used for ":qa" or ":q" when exiting Vim. | |
934 | |
935 ============================================================================== | |
936 6. Patterns *autocmd-patterns* *{pat}* | |
937 | |
6741 | 938 The {pat} argument can be a comma separated list. This works as if the |
939 command was given with each pattern separately. Thus this command: > | |
940 :autocmd BufRead *.txt,*.info set et | |
941 Is equivalent to: > | |
942 :autocmd BufRead *.txt set et | |
943 :autocmd BufRead *.info set et | |
944 | |
7 | 945 The file pattern {pat} is tested for a match against the file name in one of |
946 two ways: | |
947 1. When there is no '/' in the pattern, Vim checks for a match against only | |
948 the tail part of the file name (without its leading directory path). | |
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949 2. When there is a '/' in the pattern, Vim checks for a match against both the |
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950 short file name (as you typed it) and the full file name (after expanding |
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951 it to a full path and resolving symbolic links). |
7 | 952 |
40 | 953 The special pattern <buffer> or <buffer=N> is used for buffer-local |
954 autocommands |autocmd-buflocal|. This pattern is not matched against the name | |
955 of a buffer. | |
956 | |
7 | 957 Examples: > |
958 :autocmd BufRead *.txt set et | |
959 Set the 'et' option for all text files. > | |
960 | |
961 :autocmd BufRead /vim/src/*.c set cindent | |
962 Set the 'cindent' option for C files in the /vim/src directory. > | |
963 | |
964 :autocmd BufRead /tmp/*.c set ts=5 | |
965 If you have a link from "/tmp/test.c" to "/home/nobody/vim/src/test.c", and | |
966 you start editing "/tmp/test.c", this autocommand will match. | |
967 | |
968 Note: To match part of a path, but not from the root directory, use a '*' as | |
969 the first character. Example: > | |
970 :autocmd BufRead */doc/*.txt set tw=78 | |
971 This autocommand will for example be executed for "/tmp/doc/xx.txt" and | |
972 "/usr/home/piet/doc/yy.txt". The number of directories does not matter here. | |
973 | |
974 | |
975 The file name that the pattern is matched against is after expanding | |
1621 | 976 wildcards. Thus if you issue this command: > |
7 | 977 :e $ROOTDIR/main.$EXT |
978 The argument is first expanded to: > | |
979 /usr/root/main.py | |
980 Before it's matched with the pattern of the autocommand. Careful with this | |
981 when using events like FileReadCmd, the value of <amatch> may not be what you | |
982 expect. | |
983 | |
984 | |
985 Environment variables can be used in a pattern: > | |
986 :autocmd BufRead $VIMRUNTIME/doc/*.txt set expandtab | |
987 And ~ can be used for the home directory (if $HOME is defined): > | |
988 :autocmd BufWritePost ~/.vimrc so ~/.vimrc | |
989 :autocmd BufRead ~archive/* set readonly | |
990 The environment variable is expanded when the autocommand is defined, not when | |
991 the autocommand is executed. This is different from the command! | |
992 | |
993 *file-pattern* | |
994 The pattern is interpreted like mostly used in file names: | |
5294 | 995 * matches any sequence of characters; Unusual: includes path |
5277 | 996 separators |
7 | 997 ? matches any single character |
998 \? matches a '?' | |
999 . matches a '.' | |
1000 ~ matches a '~' | |
1001 , separates patterns | |
1002 \, matches a ',' | |
1003 { } like \( \) in a |pattern| | |
1004 , inside { }: like \| in a |pattern| | |
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1005 \} literal } |
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1006 \{ literal { |
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1007 \\\{n,m\} like \{n,m} in a |pattern| |
7 | 1008 \ special meaning like in a |pattern| |
1009 [ch] matches 'c' or 'h' | |
1010 [^ch] match any character but 'c' and 'h' | |
1011 | |
1012 Note that for all systems the '/' character is used for path separator (even | |
1013 MS-DOS and OS/2). This was done because the backslash is difficult to use | |
1014 in a pattern and to make the autocommands portable across different systems. | |
1015 | |
40 | 1016 *autocmd-changes* |
7 | 1017 Matching with the pattern is done when an event is triggered. Changing the |
1018 buffer name in one of the autocommands, or even deleting the buffer, does not | |
1019 change which autocommands will be executed. Example: > | |
1020 | |
1021 au BufEnter *.foo bdel | |
1022 au BufEnter *.foo set modified | |
1023 | |
1024 This will delete the current buffer and then set 'modified' in what has become | |
1025 the current buffer instead. Vim doesn't take into account that "*.foo" | |
1026 doesn't match with that buffer name. It matches "*.foo" with the name of the | |
1027 buffer at the moment the event was triggered. | |
1028 | |
40 | 1029 However, buffer-local autocommands will not be executed for a buffer that has |
1030 been wiped out with |:bwipe|. After deleting the buffer with |:bdel| the | |
1031 buffer actually still exists (it becomes unlisted), thus the autocommands are | |
1032 still executed. | |
1033 | |
7 | 1034 ============================================================================== |
856 | 1035 7. Buffer-local autocommands *autocmd-buflocal* *autocmd-buffer-local* |
1036 *<buffer=N>* *<buffer=abuf>* *E680* | |
40 | 1037 |
1038 Buffer-local autocommands are attached to a specific buffer. They are useful | |
1039 if the buffer does not have a name and when the name does not match a specific | |
1040 pattern. But it also means they must be explicitly added to each buffer. | |
1041 | |
1042 Instead of a pattern buffer-local autocommands use one of these forms: | |
1043 <buffer> current buffer | |
1044 <buffer=99> buffer number 99 | |
1045 <buffer=abuf> using <abuf> (only when executing autocommands) | |
1046 |<abuf>| | |
1047 | |
1048 Examples: > | |
1049 :au CursorHold <buffer> echo 'hold' | |
1050 :au CursorHold <buffer=33> echo 'hold' | |
1051 :au CursorHold <buffer=abuf> echo 'hold' | |
1052 | |
1053 All the commands for autocommands also work with buffer-local autocommands, | |
1054 simply use the special string instead of the pattern. Examples: > | |
856 | 1055 :au! * <buffer> " remove buffer-local autocommands for |
1056 " current buffer | |
1057 :au! * <buffer=33> " remove buffer-local autocommands for | |
1058 " buffer #33 | |
1621 | 1059 :bufdo :au! CursorHold <buffer> " remove autocmd for given event for all |
856 | 1060 " buffers |
1061 :au * <buffer> " list buffer-local autocommands for | |
1062 " current buffer | |
40 | 1063 |
1064 Note that when an autocommand is defined for the current buffer, it is stored | |
1065 with the buffer number. Thus it uses the form "<buffer=12>", where 12 is the | |
1066 number of the current buffer. You will see this when listing autocommands, | |
1067 for example. | |
1068 | |
1069 To test for presence of buffer-local autocommands use the |exists()| function | |
1070 as follows: > | |
1071 :if exists("#CursorHold#<buffer=12>") | ... | endif | |
1072 :if exists("#CursorHold#<buffer>") | ... | endif " for current buffer | |
1073 | |
1074 When a buffer is wiped out its buffer-local autocommands are also gone, of | |
1075 course. Note that when deleting a buffer, e.g., with ":bdel", it is only | |
1076 unlisted, the autocommands are still present. In order to see the removal of | |
1077 buffer-local autocommands: > | |
1078 :set verbose=6 | |
1079 | |
1080 It is not possible to define buffer-local autocommands for a non-existent | |
1081 buffer. | |
1082 | |
1083 ============================================================================== | |
1084 8. Groups *autocmd-groups* | |
7 | 1085 |
1086 Autocommands can be put together in a group. This is useful for removing or | |
1087 executing a group of autocommands. For example, all the autocommands for | |
1088 syntax highlighting are put in the "highlight" group, to be able to execute | |
1089 ":doautoall highlight BufRead" when the GUI starts. | |
1090 | |
1091 When no specific group is selected, Vim uses the default group. The default | |
1092 group does not have a name. You cannot execute the autocommands from the | |
1093 default group separately; you can execute them only by executing autocommands | |
1094 for all groups. | |
1095 | |
1096 Normally, when executing autocommands automatically, Vim uses the autocommands | |
1097 for all groups. The group only matters when executing autocommands with | |
1098 ":doautocmd" or ":doautoall", or when defining or deleting autocommands. | |
1099 | |
1100 The group name can contain any characters except white space. The group name | |
1101 "end" is reserved (also in uppercase). | |
1102 | |
1103 The group name is case sensitive. Note that this is different from the event | |
1104 name! | |
1105 | |
1106 *:aug* *:augroup* | |
1107 :aug[roup] {name} Define the autocmd group name for the | |
1108 following ":autocmd" commands. The name "end" | |
1109 or "END" selects the default group. | |
1110 | |
1111 *:augroup-delete* *E367* | |
1112 :aug[roup]! {name} Delete the autocmd group {name}. Don't use | |
1113 this if there is still an autocommand using | |
1114 this group! This is not checked. | |
1115 | |
1116 To enter autocommands for a specific group, use this method: | |
1117 1. Select the group with ":augroup {name}". | |
1118 2. Delete any old autocommands with ":au!". | |
1119 3. Define the autocommands. | |
1120 4. Go back to the default group with "augroup END". | |
1121 | |
1122 Example: > | |
1123 :augroup uncompress | |
1124 : au! | |
1125 : au BufEnter *.gz %!gunzip | |
1126 :augroup END | |
1127 | |
1128 This prevents having the autocommands defined twice (e.g., after sourcing the | |
1129 .vimrc file again). | |
1130 | |
1131 ============================================================================== | |
40 | 1132 9. Executing autocommands *autocmd-execute* |
7 | 1133 |
1134 Vim can also execute Autocommands non-automatically. This is useful if you | |
1135 have changed autocommands, or when Vim has executed the wrong autocommands | |
1136 (e.g., the file pattern match was wrong). | |
1137 | |
1138 Note that the 'eventignore' option applies here too. Events listed in this | |
1139 option will not cause any commands to be executed. | |
1140 | |
1141 *:do* *:doau* *:doautocmd* *E217* | |
3356 | 1142 :do[autocmd] [<nomodeline>] [group] {event} [fname] |
7 | 1143 Apply the autocommands matching [fname] (default: |
1144 current file name) for {event} to the current buffer. | |
1145 You can use this when the current file name does not | |
1146 match the right pattern, after changing settings, or | |
1147 to execute autocommands for a certain event. | |
1148 It's possible to use this inside an autocommand too, | |
1149 so you can base the autocommands for one extension on | |
1150 another extension. Example: > | |
3224 | 1151 :au BufEnter *.cpp so ~/.vimrc_cpp |
1152 :au BufEnter *.cpp doau BufEnter x.c | |
7 | 1153 < Be careful to avoid endless loops. See |
1154 |autocmd-nested|. | |
1155 | |
1156 When the [group] argument is not given, Vim executes | |
1157 the autocommands for all groups. When the [group] | |
1158 argument is included, Vim executes only the matching | |
1159 autocommands for that group. Note: if you use an | |
1160 undefined group name, Vim gives you an error message. | |
3350 | 1161 *<nomodeline>* |
1162 After applying the autocommands the modelines are | |
1163 processed, so that their settings overrule the | |
1164 settings from autocommands, like what happens when | |
1165 editing a file. This is skipped when the <nomodeline> | |
1166 argument is present. You probably want to use | |
1167 <nomodeline> for events that are not used when loading | |
1168 a buffer, such as |User|. | |
7 | 1169 |
1170 *:doautoa* *:doautoall* | |
3342 | 1171 :doautoa[ll] [<nomodeline>] [group] {event} [fname] |
7 | 1172 Like ":doautocmd", but apply the autocommands to each |
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1173 loaded buffer. Note that [fname] is used to select |
7 | 1174 the autocommands, not the buffers to which they are |
1175 applied. | |
1176 Careful: Don't use this for autocommands that delete a | |
1177 buffer, change to another buffer or change the | |
1178 contents of a buffer; the result is unpredictable. | |
1179 This command is intended for autocommands that set | |
1180 options, change highlighting, and things like that. | |
1181 | |
1182 ============================================================================== | |
40 | 1183 10. Using autocommands *autocmd-use* |
7 | 1184 |
1185 For WRITING FILES there are four possible sets of events. Vim uses only one | |
1186 of these sets for a write command: | |
1187 | |
1188 BufWriteCmd BufWritePre BufWritePost writing the whole buffer | |
1189 FilterWritePre FilterWritePost writing to filter temp file | |
1190 FileAppendCmd FileAppendPre FileAppendPost appending to a file | |
1191 FileWriteCmd FileWritePre FileWritePost any other file write | |
1192 | |
1193 When there is a matching "*Cmd" autocommand, it is assumed it will do the | |
1194 writing. No further writing is done and the other events are not triggered. | |
1195 |Cmd-event| | |
1196 | |
1197 Note that the *WritePost commands should undo any changes to the buffer that | |
1198 were caused by the *WritePre commands; otherwise, writing the file will have | |
1199 the side effect of changing the buffer. | |
1200 | |
1201 Before executing the autocommands, the buffer from which the lines are to be | |
1202 written temporarily becomes the current buffer. Unless the autocommands | |
1203 change the current buffer or delete the previously current buffer, the | |
1204 previously current buffer is made the current buffer again. | |
1205 | |
1206 The *WritePre and *AppendPre autocommands must not delete the buffer from | |
1207 which the lines are to be written. | |
1208 | |
1209 The '[ and '] marks have a special position: | |
1210 - Before the *ReadPre event the '[ mark is set to the line just above where | |
1211 the new lines will be inserted. | |
1212 - Before the *ReadPost event the '[ mark is set to the first line that was | |
1213 just read, the '] mark to the last line. | |
26 | 1214 - Before executing the *WriteCmd, *WritePre and *AppendPre autocommands the '[ |
1215 mark is set to the first line that will be written, the '] mark to the last | |
1216 line. | |
7 | 1217 Careful: '[ and '] change when using commands that change the buffer. |
1218 | |
1219 In commands which expect a file name, you can use "<afile>" for the file name | |
1220 that is being read |:<afile>| (you can also use "%" for the current file | |
1221 name). "<abuf>" can be used for the buffer number of the currently effective | |
1222 buffer. This also works for buffers that doesn't have a name. But it doesn't | |
1223 work for files without a buffer (e.g., with ":r file"). | |
1224 | |
1225 *gzip-example* | |
1226 Examples for reading and writing compressed files: > | |
1227 :augroup gzip | |
1228 : autocmd! | |
1229 : autocmd BufReadPre,FileReadPre *.gz set bin | |
1230 : autocmd BufReadPost,FileReadPost *.gz '[,']!gunzip | |
1231 : autocmd BufReadPost,FileReadPost *.gz set nobin | |
1232 : autocmd BufReadPost,FileReadPost *.gz execute ":doautocmd BufReadPost " . expand("%:r") | |
1233 : autocmd BufWritePost,FileWritePost *.gz !mv <afile> <afile>:r | |
1234 : autocmd BufWritePost,FileWritePost *.gz !gzip <afile>:r | |
1235 | |
1236 : autocmd FileAppendPre *.gz !gunzip <afile> | |
1237 : autocmd FileAppendPre *.gz !mv <afile>:r <afile> | |
1238 : autocmd FileAppendPost *.gz !mv <afile> <afile>:r | |
1239 : autocmd FileAppendPost *.gz !gzip <afile>:r | |
1240 :augroup END | |
1241 | |
1242 The "gzip" group is used to be able to delete any existing autocommands with | |
1243 ":autocmd!", for when the file is sourced twice. | |
1244 | |
1245 ("<afile>:r" is the file name without the extension, see |:_%:|) | |
1246 | |
1247 The commands executed for the BufNewFile, BufRead/BufReadPost, BufWritePost, | |
1248 FileAppendPost and VimLeave events do not set or reset the changed flag of the | |
1249 buffer. When you decompress the buffer with the BufReadPost autocommands, you | |
1250 can still exit with ":q". When you use ":undo" in BufWritePost to undo the | |
1251 changes made by BufWritePre commands, you can still do ":q" (this also makes | |
1252 "ZZ" work). If you do want the buffer to be marked as modified, set the | |
1253 'modified' option. | |
1254 | |
1255 To execute Normal mode commands from an autocommand, use the ":normal" | |
1256 command. Use with care! If the Normal mode command is not finished, the user | |
1257 needs to type characters (e.g., after ":normal m" you need to type a mark | |
1258 name). | |
1259 | |
1260 If you want the buffer to be unmodified after changing it, reset the | |
1261 'modified' option. This makes it possible to exit the buffer with ":q" | |
1262 instead of ":q!". | |
1263 | |
1264 *autocmd-nested* *E218* | |
1265 By default, autocommands do not nest. If you use ":e" or ":w" in an | |
1266 autocommand, Vim does not execute the BufRead and BufWrite autocommands for | |
1267 those commands. If you do want this, use the "nested" flag for those commands | |
1268 in which you want nesting. For example: > | |
1269 :autocmd FileChangedShell *.c nested e! | |
1270 The nesting is limited to 10 levels to get out of recursive loops. | |
1271 | |
1272 It's possible to use the ":au" command in an autocommand. This can be a | |
1273 self-modifying command! This can be useful for an autocommand that should | |
1274 execute only once. | |
1275 | |
590 | 1276 If you want to skip autocommands for one command, use the |:noautocmd| command |
1277 modifier or the 'eventignore' option. | |
7 | 1278 |
1279 Note: When reading a file (with ":read file" or with a filter command) and the | |
1280 last line in the file does not have an <EOL>, Vim remembers this. At the next | |
1281 write (with ":write file" or with a filter command), if the same line is | |
1282 written again as the last line in a file AND 'binary' is set, Vim does not | |
1283 supply an <EOL>. This makes a filter command on the just read lines write the | |
1284 same file as was read, and makes a write command on just filtered lines write | |
1285 the same file as was read from the filter. For example, another way to write | |
1286 a compressed file: > | |
1287 | |
1288 :autocmd FileWritePre *.gz set bin|'[,']!gzip | |
1289 :autocmd FileWritePost *.gz undo|set nobin | |
1290 < | |
1291 *autocommand-pattern* | |
1292 You can specify multiple patterns, separated by commas. Here are some | |
1293 examples: > | |
1294 | |
1295 :autocmd BufRead * set tw=79 nocin ic infercase fo=2croq | |
1296 :autocmd BufRead .letter set tw=72 fo=2tcrq | |
1297 :autocmd BufEnter .letter set dict=/usr/lib/dict/words | |
1298 :autocmd BufLeave .letter set dict= | |
1299 :autocmd BufRead,BufNewFile *.c,*.h set tw=0 cin noic | |
1300 :autocmd BufEnter *.c,*.h abbr FOR for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i)<CR>{<CR>}<Esc>O | |
1301 :autocmd BufLeave *.c,*.h unabbr FOR | |
1302 | |
1303 For makefiles (makefile, Makefile, imakefile, makefile.unix, etc.): > | |
1304 | |
1305 :autocmd BufEnter ?akefile* set include=^s\=include | |
1306 :autocmd BufLeave ?akefile* set include& | |
1307 | |
1308 To always start editing C files at the first function: > | |
1309 | |
1310 :autocmd BufRead *.c,*.h 1;/^{ | |
1311 | |
1312 Without the "1;" above, the search would start from wherever the file was | |
1313 entered, rather than from the start of the file. | |
1314 | |
1315 *skeleton* *template* | |
1316 To read a skeleton (template) file when opening a new file: > | |
1317 | |
1318 :autocmd BufNewFile *.c 0r ~/vim/skeleton.c | |
1319 :autocmd BufNewFile *.h 0r ~/vim/skeleton.h | |
1320 :autocmd BufNewFile *.java 0r ~/vim/skeleton.java | |
1321 | |
1322 To insert the current date and time in a *.html file when writing it: > | |
1323 | |
1324 :autocmd BufWritePre,FileWritePre *.html ks|call LastMod()|'s | |
1325 :fun LastMod() | |
1326 : if line("$") > 20 | |
1327 : let l = 20 | |
1328 : else | |
1329 : let l = line("$") | |
1330 : endif | |
1331 : exe "1," . l . "g/Last modified: /s/Last modified: .*/Last modified: " . | |
1332 : \ strftime("%Y %b %d") | |
1333 :endfun | |
1334 | |
1335 You need to have a line "Last modified: <date time>" in the first 20 lines | |
1336 of the file for this to work. Vim replaces <date time> (and anything in the | |
1337 same line after it) with the current date and time. Explanation: | |
1338 ks mark current position with mark 's' | |
1339 call LastMod() call the LastMod() function to do the work | |
1340 's return the cursor to the old position | |
1341 The LastMod() function checks if the file is shorter than 20 lines, and then | |
1342 uses the ":g" command to find lines that contain "Last modified: ". For those | |
1343 lines the ":s" command is executed to replace the existing date with the | |
1344 current one. The ":execute" command is used to be able to use an expression | |
1345 for the ":g" and ":s" commands. The date is obtained with the strftime() | |
1346 function. You can change its argument to get another date string. | |
1347 | |
1348 When entering :autocmd on the command-line, completion of events and command | |
1349 names may be done (with <Tab>, CTRL-D, etc.) where appropriate. | |
1350 | |
1351 Vim executes all matching autocommands in the order that you specify them. | |
1352 It is recommended that your first autocommand be used for all files by using | |
1353 "*" as the file pattern. This means that you can define defaults you like | |
1354 here for any settings, and if there is another matching autocommand it will | |
1355 override these. But if there is no other matching autocommand, then at least | |
1356 your default settings are recovered (if entering this file from another for | |
1357 which autocommands did match). Note that "*" will also match files starting | |
1358 with ".", unlike Unix shells. | |
1359 | |
1360 *autocmd-searchpat* | |
1361 Autocommands do not change the current search patterns. Vim saves the current | |
1362 search patterns before executing autocommands then restores them after the | |
1363 autocommands finish. This means that autocommands do not affect the strings | |
1364 highlighted with the 'hlsearch' option. Within autocommands, you can still | |
1365 use search patterns normally, e.g., with the "n" command. | |
1366 If you want an autocommand to set the search pattern, such that it is used | |
1367 after the autocommand finishes, use the ":let @/ =" command. | |
1368 The search-highlighting cannot be switched off with ":nohlsearch" in an | |
1369 autocommand. Use the 'h' flag in the 'viminfo' option to disable search- | |
1370 highlighting when starting Vim. | |
1371 | |
1372 *Cmd-event* | |
1373 When using one of the "*Cmd" events, the matching autocommands are expected to | |
1061 | 1374 do the file reading, writing or sourcing. This can be used when working with |
1375 a special kind of file, for example on a remote system. | |
7 | 1376 CAREFUL: If you use these events in a wrong way, it may have the effect of |
1377 making it impossible to read or write the matching files! Make sure you test | |
1378 your autocommands properly. Best is to use a pattern that will never match a | |
1379 normal file name, for example "ftp://*". | |
1380 | |
1381 When defining a BufReadCmd it will be difficult for Vim to recover a crashed | |
1382 editing session. When recovering from the original file, Vim reads only those | |
1383 parts of a file that are not found in the swap file. Since that is not | |
1384 possible with a BufReadCmd, use the |:preserve| command to make sure the | |
1385 original file isn't needed for recovery. You might want to do this only when | |
1386 you expect the file to be modified. | |
1387 | |
1061 | 1388 For file read and write commands the |v:cmdarg| variable holds the "++enc=" |
1389 and "++ff=" argument that are effective. These should be used for the command | |
1390 that reads/writes the file. The |v:cmdbang| variable is one when "!" was | |
1391 used, zero otherwise. | |
7 | 1392 |
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1393 See the $VIMRUNTIME/plugin/netrwPlugin.vim for examples. |
7 | 1394 |
590 | 1395 ============================================================================== |
1396 11. Disabling autocommands *autocmd-disable* | |
1397 | |
1398 To disable autocommands for some time use the 'eventignore' option. Note that | |
1399 this may cause unexpected behavior, make sure you restore 'eventignore' | |
1400 afterwards, using a |:try| block with |:finally|. | |
1401 | |
1402 *:noautocmd* *:noa* | |
1403 To disable autocommands for just one command use the ":noautocmd" command | |
1404 modifier. This will set 'eventignore' to "all" for the duration of the | |
1405 following command. Example: > | |
1406 | |
1407 :noautocmd w fname.gz | |
1408 | |
1409 This will write the file without triggering the autocommands defined by the | |
1410 gzip plugin. | |
1411 | |
40 | 1412 |
7 | 1413 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |