Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/vim9.txt @ 20015:c001ee73519a v8.2.0563
patch 8.2.0563: Vim9: cannot split a function line
Commit: https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/5e774c7579a4a00d3f44fdcfcb56861bd73372e4
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Sun Apr 12 21:53:00 2020 +0200
patch 8.2.0563: Vim9: cannot split a function line
Problem: Vim9: cannot split a function line.
Solution: Continue in next line so long as the function isn't done.
| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Sun, 12 Apr 2020 22:00:04 +0200 |
| parents | bf377a9ffccb |
| children | c85d4e173cc9 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 19968 | 1 *vim9.txt* For Vim version 8.2. Last change: 2020 Apr 09 |
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2 |
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3 |
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar |
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5 |
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6 |
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7 THIS IS STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT - ANYTHING CAN BREAK - ANYTHING CAN CHANGE |
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8 |
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9 Vim9 script commands and expressions. |
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10 |
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11 Most expression help is in |eval.txt|. This file is about the new syntax and |
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12 features in Vim9 script. |
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13 |
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14 THIS IS STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT - ANYTHING CAN BREAK - ANYTHING CAN CHANGE |
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15 |
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16 |
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17 1 What is Vim9 script? |vim9-script| |
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18 2. Differences |vim9-differences| |
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19 3. New style functions |fast-functions| |
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20 4. Types |vim9-types| |
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21 5. Namespace, Import and Export |vim9script| |
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22 |
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23 9. Rationale |vim9-rationale| |
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24 |
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25 ============================================================================== |
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26 |
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27 1. What is Vim9 script? *vim9-script* |
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28 |
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29 THIS IS STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT - ANYTHING CAN BREAK - ANYTHING CAN CHANGE |
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30 |
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31 Vim script has been growing over time, while keeping backwards compatibility. |
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32 That means bad choices from the past often can't be changed. Execution is |
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33 quite slow, every line is parsed every time it is executed. |
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34 |
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35 The main goal of Vim9 script is to drastically improve performance. An |
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36 increase in execution speed of 10 to 100 times can be expected. A secondary |
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37 goal is to avoid Vim-specific constructs and get closer to commonly used |
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38 programming languages, such as JavaScript, TypeScript and Java. |
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39 |
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40 The performance improvements can only be achieved by not being 100% backwards |
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41 compatible. For example, in a function the arguments are not available in the |
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42 "a:" dictionary, as creating that dictionary adds quite a lot of overhead. |
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43 Other differences are more subtle, such as how errors are handled. |
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44 |
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45 The Vim9 script syntax and semantics are used in: |
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46 - a function defined with the `:def` command |
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47 - a script file where the first command is `vim9script` |
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48 |
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49 When using `:function` in a Vim9 script file the legacy syntax is used. |
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50 However, this is discouraged. |
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51 |
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52 Vim9 script and legacy Vim script can be mixed. There is no need to rewrite |
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53 old scripts, they keep working as before. |
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54 |
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55 ============================================================================== |
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56 |
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57 2. Differences from legacy Vim script *vim9-differences* |
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58 |
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59 THIS IS STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT - ANYTHING CAN BREAK - ANYTHING CAN CHANGE |
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60 |
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61 Vim9 functions ~ |
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62 |
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63 `:def` has no extra arguments like `:function` does: "range", "abort", "dict" |
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64 or "closure". A `:def` function always aborts on an error, does not get a |
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65 range passed and cannot be a "dict" function. |
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66 |
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67 In the function body: |
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68 - Arguments are accessed by name, without "a:". |
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69 - There is no "a:" dictionary or "a:000" list. Variable arguments are defined |
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70 with a name and have a list type: > |
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71 def MyFunc(...itemlist: list<type>) |
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72 for item in itemlist |
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73 ... |
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74 |
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75 |
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76 Variable declarations with :let and :const ~ |
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77 |
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78 Local variables need to be declared with `:let`. Local constants need to be |
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79 declared with `:const`. We refer to both as "variables". |
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80 |
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81 Variables can be local to a script, function or code block: > |
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82 vim9script |
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83 let script_var = 123 |
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84 def SomeFunc() |
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85 let func_var = script_var |
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86 if cond |
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87 let block_var = func_var |
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88 ... |
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89 |
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90 The variables are only visible in the block where they are defined and nested |
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91 blocks. Once the block ends the variable is no longer accessible: > |
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92 if cond |
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93 let inner = 5 |
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94 else |
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95 let inner = 0 |
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96 endif |
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97 echo inner " Error! |
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98 |
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99 The declaration must be done earlier: > |
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100 let inner: number |
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101 if cond |
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102 inner = 5 |
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103 else |
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104 inner = 0 |
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105 endif |
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106 echo inner |
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107 |
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108 To intentionally use a variable that won't be available later, a block can be |
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109 used: > |
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110 { |
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111 let temp = 'temp' |
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112 ... |
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113 } |
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114 echo temp " Error! |
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115 |
| 19303 | 116 An existing variable cannot be assigned to with `:let`, since that implies a |
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117 declaration. An exception is global variables: these can be both used with |
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118 and without `:let`, because there is no rule about where they are declared. |
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119 |
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120 Variables cannot shadow previously defined variables. |
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121 Variables may shadow Ex commands, rename the variable if needed. |
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122 |
| 19968 | 123 Global variables must be prefixed with "g:", also at the script level. |
| 124 However, global user defined functions are used without "g:". > | |
| 125 vim9script | |
| 126 let script_local = 'text' | |
| 127 let g:global = 'value' | |
| 128 let Funcref = ThatFunction | |
| 129 | |
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130 Since "&opt = value" is now assigning a value to option "opt", ":&" cannot be |
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131 used to repeat a `:substitute` command. |
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132 |
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133 |
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134 Omitting :call and :eval ~ |
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135 |
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136 Functions can be called without `:call`: > |
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137 writefile(lines, 'file') |
| 19303 | 138 Using `:call` is still possible, but this is discouraged. |
|
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139 |
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140 A method call without `eval` is possible, so long as the start is an |
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141 identifier or can't be an Ex command. It does NOT work for string constants: > |
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142 myList->add(123) " works |
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143 g:myList->add(123) " works |
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144 [1, 2, 3]->Process() " works |
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145 #{a: 1, b: 2}->Process() " works |
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146 {'a': 1, 'b': 2}->Process() " works |
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147 "foobar"->Process() " does NOT work |
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148 ("foobar")->Process() " works |
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149 'foobar'->Process() " does NOT work |
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150 ('foobar')->Process() " works |
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151 |
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152 In case there is ambiguity between a function name and an Ex command, use ":" |
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153 to make clear you want to use the Ex command. For example, there is both the |
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154 `:substitute` command and the `substitute()` function. When the line starts |
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155 with `substitute(` this will use the function, prepend a colon to use the |
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156 command instead: > |
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157 :substitute(pattern (replacement ( |
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158 |
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159 Note that while variables need to be defined before they can be used, |
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160 functions can be called before being defined. This is required to be able |
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161 have cyclic dependencies between functions. It is slightly less efficient, |
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162 since the function has to be looked up by name. And a typo in the function |
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163 name will only be found when the call is executed. |
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164 |
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165 |
| 19968 | 166 Omitting function() ~ |
| 167 | |
| 168 A user defined function can be used as a function reference in an expression | |
| 169 without `function()`. The argument types and return type will then be checked. | |
| 170 The function must already have been defined. > | |
| 171 | |
| 172 let Funcref = MyFunction | |
| 173 | |
| 174 When using `function()` the resulting type is "func", a function with any | |
| 175 number of arguments and any return type. The function can be defined later. | |
| 176 | |
| 177 | |
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178 Automatic line continuation ~ |
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179 |
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180 In many cases it is obvious that an expression continues on the next line. In |
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181 those cases there is no need to prefix the line with a backslash. For |
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182 example, when a list spans multiple lines: > |
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183 let mylist = [ |
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184 'one', |
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185 'two', |
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186 ] |
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187 And when a dict spans multiple lines: > |
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188 let mydict = #{ |
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189 one: 1, |
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190 two: 2, |
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191 } |
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192 Function call: > |
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193 let result = Func( |
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194 arg1, |
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195 arg2 |
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196 ) |
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197 |
|
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198 For binary operators iin expressions not in [], {} or () a line break is |
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199 possible AFTER the operators. For example: > |
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200 let text = lead .. |
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201 middle .. |
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202 end |
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203 let total = start + |
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204 end - |
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205 correction |
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206 let result = positive ? |
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207 PosFunc(arg) : |
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208 NegFunc(arg) |
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209 |
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210 Note that "enddef" cannot be used at the start of a continuation line, it ends |
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211 the current function. |
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212 |
|
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213 It is also possible to split a function header over multiple lines, in between |
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214 arguments: > |
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215 def MyFunc( |
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216 text: string, |
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217 separator = '-' |
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218 ): string |
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219 |
|
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220 |
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221 No curly braces expansion ~ |
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222 |
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223 |curly-braces-names| cannot be used. |
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224 |
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225 |
| 19303 | 226 No :append, :change or :insert ~ |
| 227 | |
| 228 These commands are too quickly confused with local variable names. | |
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229 |
| 19303 | 230 |
| 231 Comparators ~ | |
| 232 | |
| 233 The 'ignorecase' option is not used for comparators that use strings. | |
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234 |
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235 |
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236 White space ~ |
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237 |
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238 Vim9 script enforces proper use of white space. This is no longer allowed: > |
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239 let var=234 " Error! |
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240 let var= 234 " Error! |
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241 let var =234 " Error! |
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242 There must be white space before and after the "=": > |
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243 let var = 234 " OK |
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244 |
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245 White space is required around most operators. |
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246 |
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247 White space is not allowed: |
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248 - Between a function name and the "(": > |
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249 call Func (arg) " Error! |
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250 call Func |
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251 \ (arg) " Error! |
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252 call Func(arg) " OK |
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253 call Func( |
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254 \ arg) " OK |
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255 call Func( |
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256 \ arg " OK |
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257 \ ) |
|
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258 |
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259 |
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260 Conditions and expressions ~ |
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261 |
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262 Conditions and expression are mostly working like they do in JavaScript. A |
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263 difference is made where JavaScript does not work like most people expect. |
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264 Specifically, an empty list is falsey. |
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265 |
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266 Any type of variable can be used as a condition, there is no error, not even |
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267 for using a list or job. This is very much like JavaScript, but there are a |
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268 few exceptions. |
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269 |
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270 type TRUE when ~ |
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271 bool v:true |
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272 number non-zero |
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273 float non-zero |
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274 string non-empty |
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275 blob non-empty |
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276 list non-empty (different from JavaScript) |
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277 dictionary non-empty (different from JavaScript) |
| 19968 | 278 func when there is a function name |
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279 special v:true |
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280 job when not NULL |
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281 channel when not NULL |
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282 class when not NULL |
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283 object when not NULL (TODO: when isTrue() returns v:true) |
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284 |
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285 The boolean operators "||" and "&&" do not change the value: > |
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286 8 || 2 == 8 |
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287 0 || 2 == 2 |
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288 0 || '' == '' |
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289 8 && 2 == 2 |
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290 0 && 2 == 0 |
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291 [] && 2 == [] |
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292 |
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293 When using `..` for string concatenation the arguments are always converted to |
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294 string. > |
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295 'hello ' .. 123 == 'hello 123' |
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296 'hello ' .. v:true == 'hello true' |
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297 |
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298 In Vim9 script one can use "true" for v:true and "false" for v:false. |
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299 |
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300 |
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301 ============================================================================== |
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302 |
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303 3. New style functions *fast-functions* |
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304 |
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305 THIS IS STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT - ANYTHING CAN BREAK - ANYTHING CAN CHANGE |
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306 |
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307 *:def* |
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308 :def[!] {name}([arguments])[: {return-type} |
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309 Define a new function by the name {name}. The body of |
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310 the function follows in the next lines, until the |
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311 matching `:enddef`. |
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312 |
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313 When {return-type} is omitted or is "void" the |
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314 function is not expected to return anything. |
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315 |
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316 {arguments} is a sequence of zero or more argument |
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317 declarations. There are three forms: |
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318 {name}: {type} |
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319 {name} = {value} |
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320 {name}: {type} = {value} |
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321 The first form is a mandatory argument, the caller |
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322 must always provide them. |
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323 The second and third form are optional arguments. |
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324 When the caller omits an argument the {value} is used. |
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325 |
| 19303 | 326 NOTE: It is possible to nest `:def` inside another |
| 327 `:def`, but it is not possible to nest `:def` inside | |
| 328 `:function`, for backwards compatibility. | |
| 329 | |
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330 [!] is used as with `:function`. |
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331 |
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332 *:enddef* |
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333 :enddef End of a function defined with `:def`. |
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334 |
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335 |
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336 If the script the function is defined in is Vim9 script, then script-local |
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337 variables can be accessed without the "s:" prefix. They must be defined |
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338 before the function. If the script the function is defined in is legacy |
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339 script, then script-local variables must be accessed with the "s:" prefix. |
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340 |
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341 |
| 19404 | 342 *:disa* *:disassemble* |
| 343 :disa[ssemble] {func} Show the instructions generated for {func}. | |
| 344 This is for debugging and testing. | |
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345 Note that for command line completion of {func} you |
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346 can prepend "s:" to find script-local functions. |
| 19404 | 347 |
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348 ============================================================================== |
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349 |
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350 4. Types *vim9-types* |
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351 |
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352 THIS IS STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT - ANYTHING CAN BREAK - ANYTHING CAN CHANGE |
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353 |
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354 The following builtin types are supported: |
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355 bool |
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356 number |
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357 float |
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358 string |
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359 blob |
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360 list<{type}> |
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361 dict<{type}> |
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362 job |
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363 channel |
| 19646 | 364 func |
| 19968 | 365 func: {type} |
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366 func({type}, ...) |
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367 func({type}, ...): {type} |
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368 |
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369 Not supported yet: |
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370 tuple<a: {type}, b: {type}, ...> |
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371 |
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372 These types can be used in declarations, but no value will have this type: |
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373 {type}|{type} |
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374 void |
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375 any |
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376 |
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377 There is no array type, use list<{type}> instead. For a list constant an |
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378 efficient implementation is used that avoids allocating lot of small pieces of |
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379 memory. |
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380 |
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381 A partial and function can be declared in more or less specific ways: |
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382 func any kind of function reference, no type |
| 19968 | 383 checking for arguments or return value |
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384 func: {type} any number and type of arguments with specific |
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385 return type |
| 19968 | 386 func({type}) function with argument type, does not return |
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387 a value |
| 19968 | 388 func({type}): {type} function with argument type and return type |
| 389 func(?{type}) function with type of optional argument, does | |
| 390 not return a value | |
| 391 func(...{type}) function with type of variable number of | |
| 392 arguments, does not return a value | |
| 393 func({type}, ?{type}, ...{type}): {type} | |
| 394 function with: | |
| 395 - type of mandatory argument | |
| 396 - type of optional argument | |
| 397 - type of variable number of arguments | |
| 398 - return type | |
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399 |
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400 If the return type is "void" the function does not return a value. |
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401 |
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402 The reference can also be a |Partial|, in which case it stores extra arguments |
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403 and/or a dictionary, which are not visible to the caller. Since they are |
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404 called in the same way the declaration is the same. |
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405 |
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406 Custom types can be defined with `:type`: > |
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407 :type MyList list<string> |
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408 {not implemented yet} |
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409 |
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410 And classes and interfaces can be used as types: > |
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411 :class MyClass |
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412 :let mine: MyClass |
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413 |
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414 :interface MyInterface |
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415 :let mine: MyInterface |
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416 |
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417 :class MyTemplate<Targ> |
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418 :let mine: MyTemplate<number> |
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419 :let mine: MyTemplate<string> |
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420 |
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421 :class MyInterface<Targ> |
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422 :let mine: MyInterface<number> |
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423 :let mine: MyInterface<string> |
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424 {not implemented yet} |
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425 |
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426 |
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427 Type inference *type-inference* |
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428 |
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429 In general: Whenever the type is clear it can be omitted. For example, when |
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430 declaring a variable and giving it a value: > |
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431 let var = 0 " infers number type |
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432 let var = 'hello' " infers string type |
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433 |
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434 |
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435 ============================================================================== |
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436 |
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437 5. Namespace, Import and Export |
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438 *vim9script* *vim9-export* *vim9-import* |
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439 |
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440 THIS IS STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT - ANYTHING CAN BREAK - ANYTHING CAN CHANGE |
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441 |
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442 A Vim9 script can be written to be imported. This means that everything in |
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443 the script is local, unless exported. Those exported items, and only those |
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444 items, can then be imported in another script. |
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445 |
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446 |
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447 Namespace ~ |
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448 *:vim9script* *:vim9* |
| 19303 | 449 To recognize a file that can be imported the `vim9script` statement must |
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450 appear as the first statement in the file. It tells Vim to interpret the |
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451 script in its own namespace, instead of the global namespace. If a file |
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452 starts with: > |
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453 vim9script |
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454 let myvar = 'yes' |
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455 Then "myvar" will only exist in this file. While without `vim9script` it would |
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456 be available as `g:myvar` from any other script and function. |
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457 |
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458 The variables at the file level are very much like the script-local "s:" |
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459 variables in legacy Vim script, but the "s:" is omitted. |
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460 |
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461 In Vim9 script the global "g:" namespace can still be used as before. |
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462 |
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463 A side effect of `:vim9script` is that the 'cpoptions' option is set to the |
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464 Vim default value, like with: > |
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465 :set cpo&vim |
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466 One of the effects is that |line-continuation| is always enabled. |
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467 The original value of 'cpoptions' is restored at the end of the script. |
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468 |
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469 |
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470 Export ~ |
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471 *:export* *:exp* |
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472 Exporting one item can be written as: > |
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473 export const EXPORTED_CONST = 1234 |
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474 export let someValue = ... |
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475 export def MyFunc() ... |
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476 export class MyClass ... |
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477 |
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478 As this suggests, only constants, variables, `:def` functions and classes can |
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479 be exported. |
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480 |
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481 Alternatively, an export statement can be used to export several already |
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482 defined (otherwise script-local) items: > |
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483 export {EXPORTED_CONST, someValue, MyFunc, MyClass} |
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484 |
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485 |
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486 Import ~ |
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487 *:import* *:imp* |
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488 The exported items can be imported individually in another Vim9 script: > |
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489 import EXPORTED_CONST from "thatscript.vim" |
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490 import MyClass from "myclass.vim" |
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491 |
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492 To import multiple items at the same time: > |
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493 import {someValue, MyClass} from "thatscript.vim" |
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494 |
| 19303 | 495 In case the name is ambiguous, another name can be specified: > |
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496 import MyClass as ThatClass from "myclass.vim" |
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497 import {someValue, MyClass as ThatClass} from "myclass.vim" |
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498 |
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499 To import all exported items under a specific identifier: > |
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500 import * as That from 'thatscript.vim' |
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501 |
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502 Then you can use "That.EXPORTED_CONST", "That.someValue", etc. You are free |
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503 to choose the name "That", but it is highly recommended to use the name of the |
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504 script file to avoid confusion. |
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505 |
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506 The script name after `import` can be: |
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507 - A relative path, starting "." or "..". This finds a file relative to the |
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508 location of the script file itself. This is useful to split up a large |
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509 plugin into several files. |
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510 - An absolute path, starting with "/" on Unix or "D:/" on MS-Windows. This |
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511 will be rarely used. |
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512 - A path not being relative or absolute. This will be found in the |
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513 "import" subdirectories of 'runtimepath' entries. The name will usually be |
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514 longer and unique, to avoid loading the wrong file. |
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515 |
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516 Once a vim9 script file has been imported, the result is cached and used the |
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517 next time the same script is imported. It will not be read again. |
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518 *:import-cycle* |
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519 The `import` commands are executed when encountered. If that script (directly |
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520 or indirectly) imports the current script, then items defined after the |
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521 `import` won't be processed yet. Therefore cyclic imports can exist, but may |
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522 result in undefined items. |
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523 |
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524 |
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525 Import in an autoload script ~ |
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526 |
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527 For optimal startup speed, loading scripts should be postponed until they are |
| 19303 | 528 actually needed. A recommended mechanism: |
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529 |
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530 1. In the plugin define user commands, functions and/or mappings that refer to |
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531 an autoload script. > |
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532 command -nargs=1 SearchForStuff call searchfor#Stuff(<f-args>) |
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533 |
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534 < This goes in .../plugin/anyname.vim. "anyname.vim" can be freely chosen. |
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535 |
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536 2. In the autocommand script do the actual work. You can import items from |
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537 other files to split up functionality in appropriate pieces. > |
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538 vim9script |
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539 import FilterFunc from "../import/someother.vim" |
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540 def searchfor#Stuff(arg: string) |
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541 let filtered = FilterFunc(arg) |
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542 ... |
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543 < This goes in .../autoload/searchfor.vim. "searchfor" in the file name |
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544 must be exactly the same as the prefix for the function name, that is how |
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545 Vim finds the file. |
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546 |
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547 3. Other functionality, possibly shared between plugins, contains the exported |
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548 items and any private items. > |
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549 vim9script |
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550 let localVar = 'local' |
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551 export def FilterFunc(arg: string): string |
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552 ... |
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553 < This goes in .../import/someother.vim. |
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554 |
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555 |
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556 Import in legacy Vim script ~ |
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557 |
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558 If an `import` statement is used in legacy Vim script, for identifier the |
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559 script-local "s:" namespace will be used, even when "s:" is not specified. |
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560 |
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561 |
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562 ============================================================================== |
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563 |
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564 9. Rationale *vim9-rationale* |
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565 |
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566 The :def command ~ |
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567 |
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568 Plugin writers have asked for a much faster Vim script. Investigation have |
| 19303 | 569 shown that keeping the existing semantics of function calls make this close to |
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570 impossible, because of the overhead involved with calling a function, setting |
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571 up the local function scope and executing lines. There are many details that |
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572 need to be handled, such as error messages and exceptions. The need to create |
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573 a dictionary for a: and l: scopes, the a:000 list and several others add too |
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574 much overhead that cannot be avoided. |
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575 |
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576 Therefore the `:def` method to define a new-style function had to be added, |
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577 which allows for a function with different semantics. Most things still work |
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578 as before, but some parts do not. A new way to define a function was |
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579 considered the best way to separate the old-style code from Vim9 script code. |
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580 |
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581 Using "def" to define a function comes from Python. Other languages use |
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582 "function" which clashes with legacy Vim script. |
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583 |
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584 |
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585 Type checking ~ |
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586 |
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587 When compiling lines of Vim commands into instructions as much as possible |
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588 should be done at compile time. Postponing it to runtime makes the execution |
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589 slower and means mistakes are found only later. For example, when |
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590 encountering the "+" character and compiling this into a generic add |
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591 instruction, at execution time the instruction would have to inspect the type |
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592 of the arguments and decide what kind of addition to do. And when the |
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593 type is dictionary throw an error. If the types are known to be numbers then |
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594 an "add number" instruction can be used, which is faster. The error can be |
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595 given at compile time, no error handling is needed at runtime. |
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596 |
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597 The syntax for types is similar to Java, since it is easy to understand and |
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598 widely used. The type names are what was used in Vim before, with some |
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599 additions such as "void" and "bool". |
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600 |
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601 |
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602 JavaScript/TypeScript syntax and semantics ~ |
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603 |
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604 Script writers have complained that the Vim script syntax is unexpectedly |
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605 different from what they are used to. To reduce this complaint popular |
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606 languages will be used as an example. At the same time, we do not want to |
| 19303 | 607 abandon the well-known parts of legacy Vim script. |
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608 |
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609 Since Vim already uses `:let` and `:const` and optional type checking is |
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610 desirable, the JavaScript/TypeScript syntax fits best for variable |
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611 declarations. > |
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612 const greeting = 'hello' " string type is inferred |
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613 let name: string |
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614 ... |
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615 name = 'John' |
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616 |
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617 Expression evaluation was already close to what JavaScript and other languages |
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618 are doing. Some details are unexpected and can be fixed. For example how the |
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619 || and && operators work. Legacy Vim script: > |
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620 let result = 44 |
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621 ... |
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622 return result || 0 " returns 1 |
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623 |
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624 Vim9 script works like JavaScript, keep the value: > |
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625 let result = 44 |
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626 ... |
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627 return result || 0 " returns 44 |
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628 |
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629 On the other hand, overloading "+" to use both for addition and string |
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630 concatenation goes against legacy Vim script and often leads to mistakes. |
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631 For that reason we will keep using ".." for string concatenation. Lua also |
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632 uses ".." this way. |
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633 |
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634 |
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635 Import and Export ~ |
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636 |
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637 A problem of legacy Vim script is that by default all functions and variables |
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638 are global. It is possible to make them script-local, but then they are not |
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639 available in other scripts. |
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640 |
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641 In Vim9 script a mechanism very similar to the Javascript import and export |
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642 mechanism is supported. It is a variant to the existing `:source` command |
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643 that works like one would expect: |
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644 - Instead of making everything global by default, everything is script-local, |
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645 unless exported. |
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646 - When importing a script the symbols that are imported are listed, avoiding |
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647 name conflicts and failures if later functionality is added. |
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648 - The mechanism allows for writing a big, long script with a very clear API: |
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649 the exported function(s) and class(es). |
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650 - By using relative paths loading can be much faster for an import inside of a |
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651 package, no need to search many directories. |
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652 - Once an import has been used, it can be cached and loading it again can be |
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653 avoided. |
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654 - The Vim-specific use of "s:" to make things script-local can be dropped. |
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655 |
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656 |
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657 Classes ~ |
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658 |
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659 Vim supports interfaces to Perl, Python, Lua, Tcl and a few others. But |
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660 these have never become widespread. When Vim 9 was designed a decision was |
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661 made to phase out these interfaces and concentrate on Vim script, while |
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662 encouraging plugin authors to write code in any language and run it as an |
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663 external tool, using jobs and channels. |
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664 |
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665 Still, using an external tool has disadvantages. An alternative is to convert |
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666 the tool into Vim script. For that to be possible without too much |
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667 translation, and keeping the code fast at the same time, the constructs of the |
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668 tool need to be supported. Since most languages support classes the lack of |
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669 class support in Vim is then a problem. |
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670 |
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671 Previously Vim supported a kind-of object oriented programming by adding |
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672 methods to a dictionary. With some care this could be made to work, but it |
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673 does not look like real classes. On top of that, it's very slow, because of |
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674 the use of dictionaries. |
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675 |
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676 The support of classes in Vim9 script is a "minimal common functionality" of |
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677 class support in most languages. It works mostly like Java, which is the most |
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678 popular programming language. |
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679 |
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680 |
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681 |
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682 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |