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1 *autocmd.txt* For Vim version 7.0. Last change: 2007 Jan 16
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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7 Automatic commands *autocommand*
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8
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9 For a basic explanation, see section |40.3| in the user manual.
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10
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11 1. Introduction |autocmd-intro|
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12 2. Defining autocommands |autocmd-define|
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13 3. Removing autocommands |autocmd-remove|
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14 4. Listing autocommands |autocmd-list|
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15 5. Events |autocmd-events|
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16 6. Patterns |autocmd-patterns|
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40
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17 7. Buffer-local autocommands |autocmd-buflocal|
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18 8. Groups |autocmd-groups|
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19 9. Executing autocommands |autocmd-execute|
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20 10. Using autocommands |autocmd-use|
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21 11. Disabling autocommands |autocmd-disable|
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22
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23 {Vi does not have any of these commands}
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24 {only when the |+autocmd| feature has not been disabled at compile time}
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25
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26 ==============================================================================
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27 1. Introduction *autocmd-intro*
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28
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22
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29 You can specify commands to be executed automatically when reading or writing
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30 a file, when entering or leaving a buffer or window, and when exiting Vim.
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31 For example, you can create an autocommand to set the 'cindent' option for
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32 files matching *.c. You can also use autocommands to implement advanced
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33 features, such as editing compressed files (see |gzip-example|). The usual
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34 place to put autocommands is in your .vimrc or .exrc file.
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35
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36 *E203* *E204* *E143*
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37 WARNING: Using autocommands is very powerful, and may lead to unexpected side
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38 effects. Be careful not to destroy your text.
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39 - It's a good idea to do some testing on an expendable copy of a file first.
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40 For example: If you use autocommands to decompress a file when starting to
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41 edit it, make sure that the autocommands for compressing when writing work
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42 correctly.
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43 - Be prepared for an error halfway through (e.g., disk full). Vim will mostly
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44 be able to undo the changes to the buffer, but you may have to clean up the
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45 changes to other files by hand (e.g., compress a file that has been
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46 decompressed).
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47 - If the BufRead* events allow you to edit a compressed file, the FileRead*
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48 events should do the same (this makes recovery possible in some rare cases).
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49 It's a good idea to use the same autocommands for the File* and Buf* events
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50 when possible.
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51
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52 ==============================================================================
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53 2. Defining autocommands *autocmd-define*
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54
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55 Note: The ":autocmd" command cannot be followed by another command, since any
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56 '|' is considered part of the command.
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57
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58 *:au* *:autocmd*
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59 :au[tocmd] [group] {event} {pat} [nested] {cmd}
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60 Add {cmd} to the list of commands that Vim will
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61 execute automatically on {event} for a file matching
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62 {pat}. Vim always adds the {cmd} after existing
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63 autocommands, so that the autocommands execute in the
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64 order in which they were given. See |autocmd-nested|
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65 for [nested].
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66
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67 The special pattern <buffer> or <buffer=N> defines a buffer-local autocommand.
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68 See |autocmd-buflocal|.
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69
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70 Note that special characters (e.g., "%", "<cword>") in the ":autocmd"
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71 arguments are not expanded when the autocommand is defined. These will be
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72 expanded when the Event is recognized, and the {cmd} is executed. The only
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73 exception is that "<sfile>" is expanded when the autocmd is defined. Example:
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74 >
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75 :au BufNewFile,BufRead *.html so <sfile>:h/html.vim
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76
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77 Here Vim expands <sfile> to the name of the file containing this line.
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78
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79 When your .vimrc file is sourced twice, the autocommands will appear twice.
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80 To avoid this, put this command in your .vimrc file, before defining
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81 autocommands: >
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82
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83 :autocmd! " Remove ALL autocommands for the current group.
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84
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85 If you don't want to remove all autocommands, you can instead use a variable
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86 to ensure that Vim includes the autocommands only once: >
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87
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88 :if !exists("autocommands_loaded")
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89 : let autocommands_loaded = 1
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90 : au ...
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91 :endif
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92
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93 When the [group] argument is not given, Vim uses the current group (as defined
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94 with ":augroup"); otherwise, Vim uses the group defined with [group]. Note
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95 that [group] must have been defined before. You cannot define a new group
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96 with ":au group ..."; use ":augroup" for that.
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97
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98 While testing autocommands, you might find the 'verbose' option to be useful: >
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99 :set verbose=9
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100 This setting makes Vim echo the autocommands as it executes them.
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101
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102 When defining an autocommand in a script, it will be able to call functions
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103 local to the script and use mappings local to the script. When the event is
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104 triggered and the command executed, it will run in the context of the script
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105 it was defined in. This matters if |<SID>| is used in a command.
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106
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107 When executing the commands, the messages from one command overwrites a
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108 previous message. This is different from when executing the commands
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109 manually. Mostly the screen will not scroll up, thus there is no hit-enter
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110 prompt. When one command outputs two messages this can happen anyway.
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111
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112 ==============================================================================
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113 3. Removing autocommands *autocmd-remove*
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114
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115 :au[tocmd]! [group] {event} {pat} [nested] {cmd}
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116 Remove all autocommands associated with {event} and
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117 {pat}, and add the command {cmd}. See
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118 |autocmd-nested| for [nested].
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119
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120 :au[tocmd]! [group] {event} {pat}
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121 Remove all autocommands associated with {event} and
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122 {pat}.
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123
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124 :au[tocmd]! [group] * {pat}
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125 Remove all autocommands associated with {pat} for all
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126 events.
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127
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128 :au[tocmd]! [group] {event}
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129 Remove ALL autocommands for {event}.
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130
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131 :au[tocmd]! [group] Remove ALL autocommands.
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132
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133 When the [group] argument is not given, Vim uses the current group (as defined
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134 with ":augroup"); otherwise, Vim uses the group defined with [group].
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135
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136 ==============================================================================
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137 4. Listing autocommands *autocmd-list*
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138
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139 :au[tocmd] [group] {event} {pat}
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140 Show the autocommands associated with {event} and
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141 {pat}.
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142
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143 :au[tocmd] [group] * {pat}
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144 Show the autocommands associated with {pat} for all
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145 events.
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146
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147 :au[tocmd] [group] {event}
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148 Show all autocommands for {event}.
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149
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150 :au[tocmd] [group] Show all autocommands.
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151
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152 If you provide the [group] argument, Vim lists only the autocommands for
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153 [group]; otherwise, Vim lists the autocommands for ALL groups. Note that this
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154 argument behavior differs from that for defining and removing autocommands.
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155
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156 In order to list buffer-local autocommands, use a pattern in the form <buffer>
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157 or <buffer=N>. See |autocmd-buflocal|.
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158
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159 *:autocmd-verbose*
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160 When 'verbose' is non-zero, listing an autocommand will also display where it
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161 was last defined. Example: >
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162
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163 :verbose autocmd BufEnter
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164 FileExplorer BufEnter
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165 * call s:LocalBrowse(expand("<amatch>"))
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166 Last set from /usr/share/vim/vim-7.0/plugin/NetrwPlugin.vim
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167 <
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168 See |:verbose-cmd| for more information.
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169
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170 ==============================================================================
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171 5. Events *autocmd-events* *E215* *E216*
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172
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173 You can specify a comma-separated list of event names. No white space can be
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174 used in this list. The command applies to all the events in the list.
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175
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176 For READING FILES there are four kinds of events possible:
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177 BufNewFile starting to edit a non-existent file
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178 BufReadPre BufReadPost starting to edit an existing file
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179 FilterReadPre FilterReadPost read the temp file with filter output
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180 FileReadPre FileReadPost any other file read
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181 Vim uses only one of these four kinds when reading a file. The "Pre" and
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182 "Post" events are both triggered, before and after reading the file.
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183
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184 Note that the autocommands for the *ReadPre events and all the Filter events
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185 are not allowed to change the current buffer (you will get an error message if
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186 this happens). This is to prevent the file to be read into the wrong buffer.
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187
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188 Note that the 'modified' flag is reset AFTER executing the BufReadPost
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189 and BufNewFile autocommands. But when the 'modified' option was set by the
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190 autocommands, this doesn't happen.
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191
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192 You can use the 'eventignore' option to ignore a number of events or all
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193 events.
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194 *autocommand-events* *{event}*
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195 Vim recognizes the following events. Vim ignores the case of event names
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196 (e.g., you can use "BUFread" or "bufread" instead of "BufRead").
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197
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198 First an overview by function with a short explanation. Then the list
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199 alphabetically with full explanations |autocmd-events-abc|.
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200
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201 Name triggered by ~
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202
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203 Reading
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204 |BufNewFile| starting to edit a file that doesn't exist
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205 |BufReadPre| starting to edit a new buffer, before reading the file
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206 |BufRead| starting to edit a new buffer, after reading the file
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207 |BufReadPost| starting to edit a new buffer, after reading the file
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208 |BufReadCmd| before starting to edit a new buffer |Cmd-event|
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209
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210 |FileReadPre| before reading a file with a ":read" command
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211 |FileReadPost| after reading a file with a ":read" command
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212 |FileReadCmd| before reading a file with a ":read" command |Cmd-event|
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213
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214 |FilterReadPre| before reading a file from a filter command
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215 |FilterReadPost| after reading a file from a filter command
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216
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217 |StdinReadPre| before reading from stdin into the buffer
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218 |StdinReadPost| After reading from the stdin into the buffer
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219
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220 Writing
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221 |BufWrite| starting to write the whole buffer to a file
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222 |BufWritePre| starting to write the whole buffer to a file
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223 |BufWritePost| after writing the whole buffer to a file
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224 |BufWriteCmd| before writing the whole buffer to a file |Cmd-event|
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225
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226 |FileWritePre| starting to write part of a buffer to a file
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227 |FileWritePost| after writing part of a buffer to a file
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228 |FileWriteCmd| before writing part of a buffer to a file |Cmd-event|
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229
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230 |FileAppendPre| starting to append to a file
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231 |FileAppendPost| after appending to a file
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232 |FileAppendCmd| before appending to a file |Cmd-event|
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233
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234 |FilterWritePre| starting to write a file for a filter command or diff
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235 |FilterWritePost| after writing a file for a filter command or diff
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236
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237 Buffers
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238 |BufAdd| just after adding a buffer to the buffer list
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239 |BufCreate| just after adding a buffer to the buffer list
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240 |BufDelete| before deleting a buffer from the buffer list
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241 |BufWipeout| before completely deleting a buffer
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242
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243 |BufFilePre| before changing the name of the current buffer
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244 |BufFilePost| after changing the name of the current buffer
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245
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246 |BufEnter| after entering a buffer
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247 |BufLeave| before leaving to another buffer
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248 |BufWinEnter| after a buffer is displayed in a window
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249 |BufWinLeave| before a buffer is removed from a window
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250
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251 |BufUnload| before unloading a buffer
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252 |BufHidden| just after a buffer has become hidden
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253 |BufNew| just after creating a new buffer
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254
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255 |SwapExists| detected an existing swap file
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256
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257 Options
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258 |FileType| when the 'filetype' option has been set
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259 |Syntax| when the 'syntax' option has been set
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260 |EncodingChanged| after the 'encoding' option has been changed
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261 |TermChanged| after the value of 'term' has changed
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262
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263 Startup and exit
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264 |VimEnter| after doing all the startup stuff
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265 |GUIEnter| after starting the GUI successfully
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266 |TermResponse| after the termainal response to |t_RV| is received
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267
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268 |VimLeavePre| before exiting Vim, before writing the viminfo file
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269 |VimLeave| before exiting Vim, after writing the viminfo file
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270
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271 Various
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272 |FileChangedShell| Vim notices that a file changed since editing started
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273 |FileChangedShellPost| After handling a file changed since editing started
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274 |FileChangedRO| before making the first change to a read-only file
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275
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724
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276 |ShellCmdPost| after executing a shell command
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277 |ShellFilterPost| after filtering with a shell command
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278
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279 |FuncUndefined| a user function is used but it isn't defined
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280 |SpellFileMissing| a spell file is used but it can't be found
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281 |SourcePre| before sourcing a Vim script
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282 |SourceCmd| before sourcing a Vim script |Cmd-event|
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283
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284 |VimResized| after the Vim window size changed
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285 |FocusGained| Vim got input focus
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286 |FocusLost| Vim lost input focus
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287 |CursorHold| the user doesn't press a key for a while
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288 |CursorHoldI| the user doesn't press a key for a while in Insert mode
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289 |CursorMoved| the cursor was moved in Normal mode
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290 |CursorMovedI| the cursor was moved in Insert mode
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291
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292 |WinEnter| after entering another window
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293 |WinLeave| before leaving a window
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677
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294 |TabEnter| after entering another tab page
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295 |TabLeave| before leaving a tab page
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579
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296 |CmdwinEnter| after entering the command-line window
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297 |CmdwinLeave| before leaving the command-line window
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298
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299 |InsertEnter| starting Insert mode
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300 |InsertChange| when typing <Insert> while in Insert or Replace mode
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301 |InsertLeave| when leaving Insert mode
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302
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303 |ColorScheme| after loading a color scheme
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304
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305 |RemoteReply| a reply from a server Vim was received
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306
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307 |QuickFixCmdPre| before a quickfix command is run
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308 |QuickFixCmdPost| after a quickfix command is run
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309
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310 |SessionLoadPost| after loading a session file
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311
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312 |MenuPopup| just before showing the popup menu
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313
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314 |User| to be used in combination with ":doautocmd"
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315
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316
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317 The alphabetical list of autocommand events: *autocmd-events-abc*
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318
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319 *BufCreate* *BufAdd*
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320 BufAdd or BufCreate Just after creating a new buffer which is
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321 added to the buffer list, or adding a buffer
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322 to the buffer list.
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323 Also used just after a buffer in the buffer
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324 list has been renamed.
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325 The BufCreate event is for historic reasons.
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326 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the
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327 current buffer "%" may be different from the
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328 buffer being created "<afile>".
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329 *BufDelete*
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330 BufDelete Before deleting a buffer from the buffer list.
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331 The BufUnload may be called first (if the
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332 buffer was loaded).
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333 Also used just before a buffer in the buffer
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334 list is renamed.
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335 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the
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336 current buffer "%" may be different from the
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337 buffer being deleted "<afile>".
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338 *BufEnter*
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339 BufEnter After entering a buffer. Useful for setting
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340 options for a file type. Also executed when
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341 starting to edit a buffer, after the
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342 BufReadPost autocommands.
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343 *BufFilePost*
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344 BufFilePost After changing the name of the current buffer
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345 with the ":file" or ":saveas" command.
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625
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346 *BufFilePre*
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347 BufFilePre Before changing the name of the current buffer
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348 with the ":file" or ":saveas" command.
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349 *BufHidden*
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350 BufHidden Just after a buffer has become hidden. That
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351 is, when there are no longer windows that show
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352 the buffer, but the buffer is not unloaded or
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353 deleted. Not used for ":qa" or ":q" when
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354 exiting Vim.
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355 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the
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356 current buffer "%" may be different from the
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357 buffer being unloaded "<afile>".
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358 *BufLeave*
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359 BufLeave Before leaving to another buffer. Also when
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360 leaving or closing the current window and the
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361 new current window is not for the same buffer.
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362 Not used for ":qa" or ":q" when exiting Vim.
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363 *BufNew*
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364 BufNew Just after creating a new buffer. Also used
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365 just after a buffer has been renamed. When
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366 the buffer is added to the buffer list BufAdd
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367 will be triggered too.
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368 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the
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369 current buffer "%" may be different from the
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370 buffer being created "<afile>".
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7
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371 *BufNewFile*
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372 BufNewFile When starting to edit a file that doesn't
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373 exist. Can be used to read in a skeleton
|
|
|
374 file.
|
|
|
375 *BufRead* *BufReadPost*
|
|
|
376 BufRead or BufReadPost When starting to edit a new buffer, after
|
|
|
377 reading the file into the buffer, before
|
|
|
378 executing the modelines. See |BufWinEnter|
|
|
|
379 for when you need to do something after
|
|
|
380 processing the modelines.
|
|
|
381 This does NOT work for ":r file". Not used
|
|
|
382 when the file doesn't exist. Also used after
|
|
|
383 successfully recovering a file.
|
|
625
|
384 *BufReadCmd*
|
|
7
|
385 BufReadCmd Before starting to edit a new buffer. Should
|
|
|
386 read the file into the buffer. |Cmd-event|
|
|
625
|
387 *BufReadPre* *E200* *E201*
|
|
579
|
388 BufReadPre When starting to edit a new buffer, before
|
|
|
389 reading the file into the buffer. Not used
|
|
|
390 if the file doesn't exist.
|
|
|
391 *BufUnload*
|
|
|
392 BufUnload Before unloading a buffer. This is when the
|
|
|
393 text in the buffer is going to be freed. This
|
|
|
394 may be after a BufWritePost and before a
|
|
|
395 BufDelete. Also used for all buffers that are
|
|
|
396 loaded when Vim is going to exit.
|
|
|
397 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the
|
|
|
398 current buffer "%" may be different from the
|
|
|
399 buffer being unloaded "<afile>".
|
|
|
400 *BufWinEnter*
|
|
|
401 BufWinEnter After a buffer is displayed in a window. This
|
|
|
402 can be when the buffer is loaded (after
|
|
|
403 processing the modelines), when a hidden
|
|
|
404 buffer is displayed in a window (and is no
|
|
|
405 longer hidden) or a buffer already visible in
|
|
|
406 a window is also displayed in another window.
|
|
|
407 *BufWinLeave*
|
|
|
408 BufWinLeave Before a buffer is removed from a window.
|
|
|
409 Not when it's still visible in another window.
|
|
|
410 Also triggered when exiting. It's triggered
|
|
|
411 before BufUnload or BufHidden.
|
|
|
412 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the
|
|
|
413 current buffer "%" may be different from the
|
|
|
414 buffer being unloaded "<afile>".
|
|
|
415 *BufWipeout*
|
|
|
416 BufWipeout Before completely deleting a buffer. The
|
|
|
417 BufUnload and BufDelete events may be called
|
|
|
418 first (if the buffer was loaded and was in the
|
|
|
419 buffer list). Also used just before a buffer
|
|
|
420 is renamed (also when it's not in the buffer
|
|
|
421 list).
|
|
|
422 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the
|
|
|
423 current buffer "%" may be different from the
|
|
|
424 buffer being deleted "<afile>".
|
|
7
|
425 *BufWrite* *BufWritePre*
|
|
|
426 BufWrite or BufWritePre Before writing the whole buffer to a file.
|
|
|
427 *BufWriteCmd*
|
|
|
428 BufWriteCmd Before writing the whole buffer to a file.
|
|
|
429 Should do the writing of the file and reset
|
|
39
|
430 'modified' if successful, unless '+' is in
|
|
|
431 'cpo' and writing to another file |cpo-+|.
|
|
|
432 The buffer contents should not be changed.
|
|
|
433 |Cmd-event|
|
|
579
|
434 *BufWritePost*
|
|
|
435 BufWritePost After writing the whole buffer to a file
|
|
|
436 (should undo the commands for BufWritePre).
|
|
|
437 *CmdwinEnter*
|
|
|
438 CmdwinEnter After entering the command-line window.
|
|
|
439 Useful for setting options specifically for
|
|
|
440 this special type of window. This is
|
|
|
441 triggered _instead_ of BufEnter and WinEnter.
|
|
|
442 <afile> is set to a single character,
|
|
|
443 indicating the type of command-line.
|
|
|
444 |cmdwin-char|
|
|
|
445 *CmdwinLeave*
|
|
|
446 CmdwinLeave Before leaving the command-line window.
|
|
|
447 Useful to clean up any global setting done
|
|
|
448 with CmdwinEnter. This is triggered _instead_
|
|
|
449 of BufLeave and WinLeave.
|
|
|
450 <afile> is set to a single character,
|
|
|
451 indicating the type of command-line.
|
|
|
452 |cmdwin-char|
|
|
|
453 *ColorScheme*
|
|
|
454 ColorScheme After loading a color scheme. |:colorscheme|
|
|
661
|
455
|
|
579
|
456 *CursorHold*
|
|
|
457 CursorHold When the user doesn't press a key for the time
|
|
|
458 specified with 'updatetime'. Not re-triggered
|
|
|
459 until the user has pressed a key (i.e. doesn't
|
|
|
460 fire every 'updatetime' ms if you leave Vim to
|
|
|
461 make some coffee. :) See |CursorHold-example|
|
|
|
462 for previewing tags.
|
|
|
463 This event is only triggered in Normal mode.
|
|
610
|
464 While recording the CursorHold event is not
|
|
|
465 triggered. |q|
|
|
579
|
466 Note: Interactive commands cannot be used for
|
|
|
467 this event. There is no hit-enter prompt,
|
|
|
468 the screen is updated directly (when needed).
|
|
|
469 Note: In the future there will probably be
|
|
|
470 another option to set the time.
|
|
|
471 Hint: to force an update of the status lines
|
|
|
472 use: >
|
|
|
473 :let &ro = &ro
|
|
|
474 < {only on Amiga, Unix, Win32, MSDOS and all GUI
|
|
|
475 versions}
|
|
661
|
476 *CursorHoldI*
|
|
|
477 CursorHoldI Just like CursorHold, but in Insert mode.
|
|
|
478
|
|
|
479 *CursorMoved*
|
|
|
480 CursorMoved After the cursor was moved in Normal mode.
|
|
694
|
481 Also when the text of the cursor line has been
|
|
|
482 changed, e.g., with "x", "rx" or "p".
|
|
661
|
483 Not triggered when there is typeahead or when
|
|
|
484 an operator is pending.
|
|
667
|
485 For an example see |match-parens|.
|
|
661
|
486 Careful: Don't do anything that the user does
|
|
|
487 not expect or that is slow.
|
|
|
488 *CursorMovedI*
|
|
|
489 CursorMovedI After the cursor was moved in Insert mode.
|
|
|
490 Otherwise the same as CursorMoved.
|
|
579
|
491 *EncodingChanged*
|
|
|
492 EncodingChanged Fires off after the 'encoding' option has been
|
|
|
493 changed. Useful to set up fonts, for example.
|
|
7
|
494 *FileAppendCmd*
|
|
|
495 FileAppendCmd Before appending to a file. Should do the
|
|
26
|
496 appending to the file. Use the '[ and ']
|
|
|
497 marks for the range of lines.|Cmd-event|
|
|
579
|
498 *FileAppendPost*
|
|
|
499 FileAppendPost After appending to a file.
|
|
|
500 *FileAppendPre*
|
|
|
501 FileAppendPre Before appending to a file. Use the '[ and ']
|
|
|
502 marks for the range of lines.
|
|
|
503 *FileChangedRO*
|
|
|
504 FileChangedRO Before making the first change to a read-only
|
|
|
505 file. Can be used to check-out the file from
|
|
|
506 a source control system. Not triggered when
|
|
|
507 the change was caused by an autocommand.
|
|
|
508 This event is triggered when making the first
|
|
|
509 change in a buffer or the first change after
|
|
823
|
510 'readonly' was set, just before the change is
|
|
|
511 applied to the text.
|
|
579
|
512 WARNING: If the autocommand moves the cursor
|
|
|
513 the effect of the change is undefined.
|
|
819
|
514 *E788*
|
|
|
515 It is not allowed to change to another buffer
|
|
|
516 here. You can reload the buffer but not edit
|
|
|
517 another one.
|
|
7
|
518 *FileChangedShell*
|
|
|
519 FileChangedShell When Vim notices that the modification time of
|
|
|
520 a file has changed since editing started.
|
|
|
521 Also when the file attributes of the file
|
|
|
522 change. |timestamp|
|
|
|
523 Mostly triggered after executing a shell
|
|
|
524 command, but also with a |:checktime| command
|
|
179
|
525 or when Gvim regains input focus.
|
|
7
|
526 This autocommand is triggered for each changed
|
|
|
527 file. It is not used when 'autoread' is set
|
|
|
528 and the buffer was not changed. If a
|
|
|
529 FileChangedShell autocommand is present the
|
|
|
530 warning message and prompt is not given.
|
|
|
531 This is useful for reloading related buffers
|
|
|
532 which are affected by a single command.
|
|
179
|
533 The |v:fcs_reason| variable is set to indicate
|
|
|
534 what happened and |v:fcs_choice| can be used
|
|
|
535 to tell Vim what to do next.
|
|
7
|
536 NOTE: When this autocommand is executed, the
|
|
|
537 current buffer "%" may be different from the
|
|
|
538 buffer that was changed "<afile>".
|
|
|
539 NOTE: The commands must not change the current
|
|
|
540 buffer, jump to another buffer or delete a
|
|
|
541 buffer. *E246*
|
|
|
542 NOTE: This event never nests, to avoid an
|
|
|
543 endless loop. This means that while executing
|
|
|
544 commands for the FileChangedShell event no
|
|
|
545 other FileChangedShell event will be
|
|
|
546 triggered.
|
|
766
|
547 *FileChangedShellPost*
|
|
|
548 FileChangedShellPost After handling a file that was changed outside
|
|
|
549 of Vim. Can be used to update the statusline.
|
|
579
|
550 *FileEncoding*
|
|
|
551 FileEncoding Obsolete. It still works and is equivalent
|
|
|
552 to |EncodingChanged|.
|
|
|
553 *FileReadCmd*
|
|
|
554 FileReadCmd Before reading a file with a ":read" command.
|
|
|
555 Should do the reading of the file. |Cmd-event|
|
|
|
556 *FileReadPost*
|
|
|
557 FileReadPost After reading a file with a ":read" command.
|
|
|
558 Note that Vim sets the '[ and '] marks to the
|
|
|
559 first and last line of the read. This can be
|
|
|
560 used to operate on the lines just read.
|
|
|
561 *FileReadPre*
|
|
|
562 FileReadPre Before reading a file with a ":read" command.
|
|
|
563 *FileType*
|
|
|
564 FileType When the 'filetype' option has been set.
|
|
|
565 <afile> can be used for the name of the file
|
|
|
566 where this option was set, and <amatch> for
|
|
|
567 the new value of 'filetype'.
|
|
|
568 See |filetypes|.
|
|
|
569 *FileWriteCmd*
|
|
|
570 FileWriteCmd Before writing to a file, when not writing the
|
|
|
571 whole buffer. Should do the writing to the
|
|
|
572 file. Should not change the buffer. Use the
|
|
|
573 '[ and '] marks for the range of lines.
|
|
|
574 |Cmd-event|
|
|
|
575 *FileWritePost*
|
|
|
576 FileWritePost After writing to a file, when not writing the
|
|
|
577 whole buffer.
|
|
|
578 *FileWritePre*
|
|
|
579 FileWritePre Before writing to a file, when not writing the
|
|
|
580 whole buffer. Use the '[ and '] marks for the
|
|
|
581 range of lines.
|
|
|
582 *FilterReadPost*
|
|
|
583 FilterReadPost After reading a file from a filter command.
|
|
|
584 Vim checks the pattern against the name of
|
|
|
585 the current buffer as with FilterReadPre.
|
|
|
586 Not triggered when 'shelltemp' is off.
|
|
|
587 *FilterReadPre* *E135*
|
|
|
588 FilterReadPre Before reading a file from a filter command.
|
|
|
589 Vim checks the pattern against the name of
|
|
|
590 the current buffer, not the name of the
|
|
|
591 temporary file that is the output of the
|
|
|
592 filter command.
|
|
|
593 Not triggered when 'shelltemp' is off.
|
|
|
594 *FilterWritePost*
|
|
|
595 FilterWritePost After writing a file for a filter command or
|
|
|
596 making a diff.
|
|
|
597 Vim checks the pattern against the name of
|
|
|
598 the current buffer as with FilterWritePre.
|
|
|
599 Not triggered when 'shelltemp' is off.
|
|
|
600 *FilterWritePre*
|
|
|
601 FilterWritePre Before writing a file for a filter command or
|
|
|
602 making a diff.
|
|
|
603 Vim checks the pattern against the name of
|
|
|
604 the current buffer, not the name of the
|
|
|
605 temporary file that is the output of the
|
|
|
606 filter command.
|
|
|
607 Not triggered when 'shelltemp' is off.
|
|
7
|
608 *FocusGained*
|
|
|
609 FocusGained When Vim got input focus. Only for the GUI
|
|
|
610 version and a few console versions where this
|
|
|
611 can be detected.
|
|
|
612 *FocusLost*
|
|
|
613 FocusLost When Vim lost input focus. Only for the GUI
|
|
|
614 version and a few console versions where this
|
|
11
|
615 can be detected. May also happen when a
|
|
|
616 dialog pops up.
|
|
7
|
617 *FuncUndefined*
|
|
|
618 FuncUndefined When a user function is used but it isn't
|
|
|
619 defined. Useful for defining a function only
|
|
|
620 when it's used. Both <amatch> and <afile> are
|
|
|
621 set to the name of the function.
|
|
161
|
622 See |autoload-functions|.
|
|
579
|
623 *GUIEnter*
|
|
|
624 GUIEnter After starting the GUI successfully, and after
|
|
|
625 opening the window. It is triggered before
|
|
|
626 VimEnter when using gvim. Can be used to
|
|
|
627 position the window from a .gvimrc file: >
|
|
|
628 :autocmd GUIEnter * winpos 100 50
|
|
|
629 < *InsertChange*
|
|
|
630 InsertChange When typing <Insert> while in Insert or
|
|
|
631 Replace mode. The |v:insertmode| variable
|
|
|
632 indicates the new mode.
|
|
|
633 Be careful not to move the cursor or do
|
|
|
634 anything else that the user does not expect.
|
|
|
635 *InsertEnter*
|
|
|
636 InsertEnter When starting Insert mode. Also for Replace
|
|
|
637 mode and Virtual Replace mode. The
|
|
|
638 |v:insertmode| variable indicates the mode.
|
|
|
639 Be careful not to move the cursor or do
|
|
|
640 anything else that the user does not expect.
|
|
|
641 *InsertLeave*
|
|
|
642 InsertLeave When leaving Insert mode. Also when using
|
|
|
643 CTRL-O |i_CTRL-O|. But not for |i_CTRL-C|.
|
|
|
644 *MenuPopup*
|
|
|
645 MenuPopup Just before showing the popup menu (under the
|
|
|
646 right mouse button). Useful for adjusting the
|
|
|
647 menu for what is under the cursor or mouse
|
|
|
648 pointer.
|
|
|
649 The pattern is matched against a single
|
|
|
650 character representing the mode:
|
|
|
651 n Normal
|
|
|
652 v Visual
|
|
|
653 o Operator-pending
|
|
|
654 i Insert
|
|
843
|
655 c Command line
|
|
579
|
656 *QuickFixCmdPre*
|
|
|
657 QuickFixCmdPre Before a quickfix command is run (|:make|,
|
|
657
|
658 |:lmake|, |:grep|, |:lgrep|, |:grepadd|,
|
|
|
659 |:lgrepadd|, |:vimgrep|, |:lvimgrep|,
|
|
|
660 |:vimgrepadd|, |:vimgrepadd|). The pattern is
|
|
|
661 matched against the command being run. When
|
|
|
662 |:grep| is used but 'grepprg' is set to
|
|
|
663 "internal" it still matches "grep".
|
|
579
|
664 This command cannot be used to set the
|
|
|
665 'makeprg' and 'grepprg' variables.
|
|
|
666 If this command causes an error, the quickfix
|
|
|
667 command is not executed.
|
|
|
668 *QuickFixCmdPost*
|
|
|
669 QuickFixCmdPost Like QuickFixCmdPre, but after a quickfix
|
|
842
|
670 command is run, before jumping to the first
|
|
|
671 location.
|
|
579
|
672 *RemoteReply*
|
|
|
673 RemoteReply When a reply from a Vim that functions as
|
|
|
674 server was received |server2client()|.
|
|
|
675 <amatch> is equal to the {serverid} from which
|
|
|
676 the reply was sent, and <afile> is the actual
|
|
|
677 reply string.
|
|
|
678 Note that even if an autocommand is defined,
|
|
|
679 the reply should be read with |remote_read()|
|
|
|
680 to consume it.
|
|
|
681 *SessionLoadPost*
|
|
|
682 SessionLoadPost After loading the session file created using
|
|
|
683 the |:mksession| command.
|
|
724
|
684 *ShellCmdPost*
|
|
|
685 ShellCmdPost After executing a shell command with |:!cmd|,
|
|
|
686 |:shell|, |:make| and |:grep|. Can be used to
|
|
|
687 check for any changed files.
|
|
|
688 *ShellFilterPost*
|
|
|
689 ShellFilterPost After executing a shell command with
|
|
|
690 ":{range}!cmd", ":w !cmd" or ":r !cmd".
|
|
|
691 Can be used to check for any changed files.
|
|
716
|
692 *SourcePre*
|
|
|
693 SourcePre Before sourcing a Vim script. |:source|
|
|
1061
|
694 <afile> is the name of the file being sourced.
|
|
|
695 *SourceCmd*
|
|
|
696 SourceCmd When sourcing a Vim script. |:source|
|
|
|
697 <afile> is the name of the file being sourced.
|
|
|
698 The autocommand must source this file.
|
|
|
699 |Cmd-event|
|
|
650
|
700 *SpellFileMissing*
|
|
|
701 SpellFileMissing When trying to load a spell checking file and
|
|
1061
|
702 it can't be found. The pattern is matched
|
|
|
703 against the language. <amatch> is the
|
|
|
704 language, 'encoding' also matters. See
|
|
650
|
705 |spell-SpellFileMissing|.
|
|
579
|
706 *StdinReadPost*
|
|
|
707 StdinReadPost After reading from the stdin into the buffer,
|
|
|
708 before executing the modelines. Only used
|
|
|
709 when the "-" argument was used when Vim was
|
|
|
710 started |--|.
|
|
|
711 *StdinReadPre*
|
|
|
712 StdinReadPre Before reading from stdin into the buffer.
|
|
|
713 Only used when the "-" argument was used when
|
|
|
714 Vim was started |--|.
|
|
|
715 *SwapExists*
|
|
|
716 SwapExists Detected an existing swap file when starting
|
|
|
717 to edit a file. Only when it is possible to
|
|
|
718 select a way to handle the situation, when Vim
|
|
|
719 would ask the user what to do.
|
|
|
720 The |v:swapname| variable holds the name of
|
|
590
|
721 the swap file found, <afile> the file being
|
|
|
722 edited. |v:swapcommand| may contain a command
|
|
|
723 to be executed in the opened file.
|
|
|
724 The commands should set the |v:swapchoice|
|
|
|
725 variable to a string with one character to
|
|
|
726 tell Vim what should be done next:
|
|
579
|
727 'o' open read-only
|
|
|
728 'e' edit the file anyway
|
|
|
729 'r' recover
|
|
|
730 'd' delete the swap file
|
|
|
731 'q' quit, don't edit the file
|
|
|
732 'a' abort, like hitting CTRL-C
|
|
|
733 When set to an empty string the user will be
|
|
|
734 asked, as if there was no SwapExists autocmd.
|
|
|
735 Note: Do not try to change the buffer, the
|
|
|
736 results are unpredictable.
|
|
|
737 *Syntax*
|
|
|
738 Syntax When the 'syntax' option has been set.
|
|
|
739 <afile> can be used for the name of the file
|
|
|
740 where this option was set, and <amatch> for
|
|
|
741 the new value of 'syntax'.
|
|
|
742 See |:syn-on|.
|
|
677
|
743 *TabEnter*
|
|
|
744 TabEnter Just after entering a tab page. |tab-page|
|
|
872
|
745 After triggering the WinEnter and before
|
|
|
746 triggering the BufEnter event.
|
|
677
|
747 *TabLeave*
|
|
|
748 TabLeave Just before leaving a tab page. |tab-page|
|
|
|
749 A WinLeave event will have been triggered
|
|
|
750 first.
|
|
579
|
751 *TermChanged*
|
|
|
752 TermChanged After the value of 'term' has changed. Useful
|
|
|
753 for re-loading the syntax file to update the
|
|
|
754 colors, fonts and other terminal-dependent
|
|
|
755 settings. Executed for all loaded buffers.
|
|
|
756 *TermResponse*
|
|
|
757 TermResponse After the response to |t_RV| is received from
|
|
|
758 the terminal. The value of |v:termresponse|
|
|
|
759 can be used to do things depending on the
|
|
|
760 terminal version.
|
|
|
761 *User*
|
|
|
762 User Never executed automatically. To be used for
|
|
|
763 autocommands that are only executed with
|
|
|
764 ":doautocmd".
|
|
|
765 *UserGettingBored*
|
|
|
766 UserGettingBored When the user hits CTRL-C. Just kidding! :-)
|
|
|
767 *VimEnter*
|
|
|
768 VimEnter After doing all the startup stuff, including
|
|
|
769 loading .vimrc files, executing the "-c cmd"
|
|
|
770 arguments, creating all windows and loading
|
|
|
771 the buffers in them.
|
|
|
772 *VimLeave*
|
|
|
773 VimLeave Before exiting Vim, just after writing the
|
|
|
774 .viminfo file. Executed only once, like
|
|
|
775 VimLeavePre.
|
|
|
776 To detect an abnormal exit use |v:dying|.
|
|
|
777 *VimLeavePre*
|
|
|
778 VimLeavePre Before exiting Vim, just before writing the
|
|
|
779 .viminfo file. This is executed only once,
|
|
|
780 if there is a match with the name of what
|
|
|
781 happens to be the current buffer when exiting.
|
|
|
782 Mostly useful with a "*" pattern. >
|
|
|
783 :autocmd VimLeavePre * call CleanupStuff()
|
|
|
784 < To detect an abnormal exit use |v:dying|.
|
|
766
|
785 *VimResized*
|
|
|
786 VimResized After the Vim window was resized, thus 'lines'
|
|
|
787 and/or 'columns' changed. Not when starting
|
|
|
788 up though.
|
|
7
|
789 *WinEnter*
|
|
|
790 WinEnter After entering another window. Not done for
|
|
|
791 the first window, when Vim has just started.
|
|
|
792 Useful for setting the window height.
|
|
|
793 If the window is for another buffer, Vim
|
|
|
794 executes the BufEnter autocommands after the
|
|
|
795 WinEnter autocommands.
|
|
|
796 Note: When using ":split fname" the WinEnter
|
|
|
797 event is triggered after the split but before
|
|
|
798 the file "fname" is loaded.
|
|
|
799 *WinLeave*
|
|
|
800 WinLeave Before leaving a window. If the window to be
|
|
|
801 entered next is for a different buffer, Vim
|
|
|
802 executes the BufLeave autocommands before the
|
|
|
803 WinLeave autocommands (but not for ":new").
|
|
|
804 Not used for ":qa" or ":q" when exiting Vim.
|
|
|
805
|
|
|
806 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
807 6. Patterns *autocmd-patterns* *{pat}*
|
|
|
808
|
|
|
809 The file pattern {pat} is tested for a match against the file name in one of
|
|
|
810 two ways:
|
|
|
811 1. When there is no '/' in the pattern, Vim checks for a match against only
|
|
|
812 the tail part of the file name (without its leading directory path).
|
|
|
813 2. When there is a '/' in the pattern, Vim checks for a match against the
|
|
|
814 both short file name (as you typed it) and the full file name (after
|
|
|
815 expanding it to a full path and resolving symbolic links).
|
|
|
816
|
|
40
|
817 The special pattern <buffer> or <buffer=N> is used for buffer-local
|
|
|
818 autocommands |autocmd-buflocal|. This pattern is not matched against the name
|
|
|
819 of a buffer.
|
|
|
820
|
|
7
|
821 Examples: >
|
|
|
822 :autocmd BufRead *.txt set et
|
|
|
823 Set the 'et' option for all text files. >
|
|
|
824
|
|
|
825 :autocmd BufRead /vim/src/*.c set cindent
|
|
|
826 Set the 'cindent' option for C files in the /vim/src directory. >
|
|
|
827
|
|
|
828 :autocmd BufRead /tmp/*.c set ts=5
|
|
|
829 If you have a link from "/tmp/test.c" to "/home/nobody/vim/src/test.c", and
|
|
|
830 you start editing "/tmp/test.c", this autocommand will match.
|
|
|
831
|
|
|
832 Note: To match part of a path, but not from the root directory, use a '*' as
|
|
|
833 the first character. Example: >
|
|
|
834 :autocmd BufRead */doc/*.txt set tw=78
|
|
|
835 This autocommand will for example be executed for "/tmp/doc/xx.txt" and
|
|
|
836 "/usr/home/piet/doc/yy.txt". The number of directories does not matter here.
|
|
|
837
|
|
|
838
|
|
|
839 The file name that the pattern is matched against is after expanding
|
|
|
840 wildcards. Thus is you issue this command: >
|
|
|
841 :e $ROOTDIR/main.$EXT
|
|
|
842 The argument is first expanded to: >
|
|
|
843 /usr/root/main.py
|
|
|
844 Before it's matched with the pattern of the autocommand. Careful with this
|
|
|
845 when using events like FileReadCmd, the value of <amatch> may not be what you
|
|
|
846 expect.
|
|
|
847
|
|
|
848
|
|
|
849 Environment variables can be used in a pattern: >
|
|
|
850 :autocmd BufRead $VIMRUNTIME/doc/*.txt set expandtab
|
|
|
851 And ~ can be used for the home directory (if $HOME is defined): >
|
|
|
852 :autocmd BufWritePost ~/.vimrc so ~/.vimrc
|
|
|
853 :autocmd BufRead ~archive/* set readonly
|
|
|
854 The environment variable is expanded when the autocommand is defined, not when
|
|
|
855 the autocommand is executed. This is different from the command!
|
|
|
856
|
|
|
857 *file-pattern*
|
|
|
858 The pattern is interpreted like mostly used in file names:
|
|
|
859 * matches any sequence of characters
|
|
|
860 ? matches any single character
|
|
|
861 \? matches a '?'
|
|
|
862 . matches a '.'
|
|
|
863 ~ matches a '~'
|
|
|
864 , separates patterns
|
|
|
865 \, matches a ','
|
|
|
866 { } like \( \) in a |pattern|
|
|
|
867 , inside { }: like \| in a |pattern|
|
|
|
868 \ special meaning like in a |pattern|
|
|
|
869 [ch] matches 'c' or 'h'
|
|
|
870 [^ch] match any character but 'c' and 'h'
|
|
|
871
|
|
|
872 Note that for all systems the '/' character is used for path separator (even
|
|
|
873 MS-DOS and OS/2). This was done because the backslash is difficult to use
|
|
|
874 in a pattern and to make the autocommands portable across different systems.
|
|
|
875
|
|
40
|
876 *autocmd-changes*
|
|
7
|
877 Matching with the pattern is done when an event is triggered. Changing the
|
|
|
878 buffer name in one of the autocommands, or even deleting the buffer, does not
|
|
|
879 change which autocommands will be executed. Example: >
|
|
|
880
|
|
|
881 au BufEnter *.foo bdel
|
|
|
882 au BufEnter *.foo set modified
|
|
|
883
|
|
|
884 This will delete the current buffer and then set 'modified' in what has become
|
|
|
885 the current buffer instead. Vim doesn't take into account that "*.foo"
|
|
|
886 doesn't match with that buffer name. It matches "*.foo" with the name of the
|
|
|
887 buffer at the moment the event was triggered.
|
|
|
888
|
|
40
|
889 However, buffer-local autocommands will not be executed for a buffer that has
|
|
|
890 been wiped out with |:bwipe|. After deleting the buffer with |:bdel| the
|
|
|
891 buffer actually still exists (it becomes unlisted), thus the autocommands are
|
|
|
892 still executed.
|
|
|
893
|
|
7
|
894 ==============================================================================
|
|
856
|
895 7. Buffer-local autocommands *autocmd-buflocal* *autocmd-buffer-local*
|
|
|
896 *<buffer=N>* *<buffer=abuf>* *E680*
|
|
40
|
897
|
|
|
898 Buffer-local autocommands are attached to a specific buffer. They are useful
|
|
|
899 if the buffer does not have a name and when the name does not match a specific
|
|
|
900 pattern. But it also means they must be explicitly added to each buffer.
|
|
|
901
|
|
|
902 Instead of a pattern buffer-local autocommands use one of these forms:
|
|
|
903 <buffer> current buffer
|
|
|
904 <buffer=99> buffer number 99
|
|
|
905 <buffer=abuf> using <abuf> (only when executing autocommands)
|
|
|
906 |<abuf>|
|
|
|
907
|
|
|
908 Examples: >
|
|
|
909 :au CursorHold <buffer> echo 'hold'
|
|
|
910 :au CursorHold <buffer=33> echo 'hold'
|
|
|
911 :au CursorHold <buffer=abuf> echo 'hold'
|
|
|
912
|
|
|
913 All the commands for autocommands also work with buffer-local autocommands,
|
|
|
914 simply use the special string instead of the pattern. Examples: >
|
|
856
|
915 :au! * <buffer> " remove buffer-local autocommands for
|
|
|
916 " current buffer
|
|
|
917 :au! * <buffer=33> " remove buffer-local autocommands for
|
|
|
918 " buffer #33
|
|
40
|
919 :dobuf :au! CursorHold <buffer> " remove autocmd for given event for all
|
|
856
|
920 " buffers
|
|
|
921 :au * <buffer> " list buffer-local autocommands for
|
|
|
922 " current buffer
|
|
40
|
923
|
|
|
924 Note that when an autocommand is defined for the current buffer, it is stored
|
|
|
925 with the buffer number. Thus it uses the form "<buffer=12>", where 12 is the
|
|
|
926 number of the current buffer. You will see this when listing autocommands,
|
|
|
927 for example.
|
|
|
928
|
|
|
929 To test for presence of buffer-local autocommands use the |exists()| function
|
|
|
930 as follows: >
|
|
|
931 :if exists("#CursorHold#<buffer=12>") | ... | endif
|
|
|
932 :if exists("#CursorHold#<buffer>") | ... | endif " for current buffer
|
|
|
933
|
|
|
934 When a buffer is wiped out its buffer-local autocommands are also gone, of
|
|
|
935 course. Note that when deleting a buffer, e.g., with ":bdel", it is only
|
|
|
936 unlisted, the autocommands are still present. In order to see the removal of
|
|
|
937 buffer-local autocommands: >
|
|
|
938 :set verbose=6
|
|
|
939
|
|
|
940 It is not possible to define buffer-local autocommands for a non-existent
|
|
|
941 buffer.
|
|
|
942
|
|
|
943 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
944 8. Groups *autocmd-groups*
|
|
7
|
945
|
|
|
946 Autocommands can be put together in a group. This is useful for removing or
|
|
|
947 executing a group of autocommands. For example, all the autocommands for
|
|
|
948 syntax highlighting are put in the "highlight" group, to be able to execute
|
|
|
949 ":doautoall highlight BufRead" when the GUI starts.
|
|
|
950
|
|
|
951 When no specific group is selected, Vim uses the default group. The default
|
|
|
952 group does not have a name. You cannot execute the autocommands from the
|
|
|
953 default group separately; you can execute them only by executing autocommands
|
|
|
954 for all groups.
|
|
|
955
|
|
|
956 Normally, when executing autocommands automatically, Vim uses the autocommands
|
|
|
957 for all groups. The group only matters when executing autocommands with
|
|
|
958 ":doautocmd" or ":doautoall", or when defining or deleting autocommands.
|
|
|
959
|
|
|
960 The group name can contain any characters except white space. The group name
|
|
|
961 "end" is reserved (also in uppercase).
|
|
|
962
|
|
|
963 The group name is case sensitive. Note that this is different from the event
|
|
|
964 name!
|
|
|
965
|
|
|
966 *:aug* *:augroup*
|
|
|
967 :aug[roup] {name} Define the autocmd group name for the
|
|
|
968 following ":autocmd" commands. The name "end"
|
|
|
969 or "END" selects the default group.
|
|
|
970
|
|
|
971 *:augroup-delete* *E367*
|
|
|
972 :aug[roup]! {name} Delete the autocmd group {name}. Don't use
|
|
|
973 this if there is still an autocommand using
|
|
|
974 this group! This is not checked.
|
|
|
975
|
|
|
976 To enter autocommands for a specific group, use this method:
|
|
|
977 1. Select the group with ":augroup {name}".
|
|
|
978 2. Delete any old autocommands with ":au!".
|
|
|
979 3. Define the autocommands.
|
|
|
980 4. Go back to the default group with "augroup END".
|
|
|
981
|
|
|
982 Example: >
|
|
|
983 :augroup uncompress
|
|
|
984 : au!
|
|
|
985 : au BufEnter *.gz %!gunzip
|
|
|
986 :augroup END
|
|
|
987
|
|
|
988 This prevents having the autocommands defined twice (e.g., after sourcing the
|
|
|
989 .vimrc file again).
|
|
|
990
|
|
|
991 ==============================================================================
|
|
40
|
992 9. Executing autocommands *autocmd-execute*
|
|
7
|
993
|
|
|
994 Vim can also execute Autocommands non-automatically. This is useful if you
|
|
|
995 have changed autocommands, or when Vim has executed the wrong autocommands
|
|
|
996 (e.g., the file pattern match was wrong).
|
|
|
997
|
|
|
998 Note that the 'eventignore' option applies here too. Events listed in this
|
|
|
999 option will not cause any commands to be executed.
|
|
|
1000
|
|
|
1001 *:do* *:doau* *:doautocmd* *E217*
|
|
|
1002 :do[autocmd] [group] {event} [fname]
|
|
|
1003 Apply the autocommands matching [fname] (default:
|
|
|
1004 current file name) for {event} to the current buffer.
|
|
|
1005 You can use this when the current file name does not
|
|
|
1006 match the right pattern, after changing settings, or
|
|
|
1007 to execute autocommands for a certain event.
|
|
|
1008 It's possible to use this inside an autocommand too,
|
|
|
1009 so you can base the autocommands for one extension on
|
|
|
1010 another extension. Example: >
|
|
|
1011 :au Bufenter *.cpp so ~/.vimrc_cpp
|
|
|
1012 :au Bufenter *.cpp doau BufEnter x.c
|
|
|
1013 < Be careful to avoid endless loops. See
|
|
|
1014 |autocmd-nested|.
|
|
|
1015
|
|
|
1016 When the [group] argument is not given, Vim executes
|
|
|
1017 the autocommands for all groups. When the [group]
|
|
|
1018 argument is included, Vim executes only the matching
|
|
|
1019 autocommands for that group. Note: if you use an
|
|
|
1020 undefined group name, Vim gives you an error message.
|
|
|
1021
|
|
557
|
1022 After applying the autocommands the modelines are
|
|
|
1023 processed, so that their overrule the settings from
|
|
|
1024 autocommands, like what happens when editing a file.
|
|
|
1025
|
|
7
|
1026 *:doautoa* *:doautoall*
|
|
|
1027 :doautoa[ll] [group] {event} [fname]
|
|
|
1028 Like ":doautocmd", but apply the autocommands to each
|
|
|
1029 loaded buffer. Note that {fname} is used to select
|
|
|
1030 the autocommands, not the buffers to which they are
|
|
|
1031 applied.
|
|
|
1032 Careful: Don't use this for autocommands that delete a
|
|
|
1033 buffer, change to another buffer or change the
|
|
|
1034 contents of a buffer; the result is unpredictable.
|
|
|
1035 This command is intended for autocommands that set
|
|
|
1036 options, change highlighting, and things like that.
|
|
|
1037
|
|
|
1038 ==============================================================================
|
|
40
|
1039 10. Using autocommands *autocmd-use*
|
|
7
|
1040
|
|
|
1041 For WRITING FILES there are four possible sets of events. Vim uses only one
|
|
|
1042 of these sets for a write command:
|
|
|
1043
|
|
|
1044 BufWriteCmd BufWritePre BufWritePost writing the whole buffer
|
|
|
1045 FilterWritePre FilterWritePost writing to filter temp file
|
|
|
1046 FileAppendCmd FileAppendPre FileAppendPost appending to a file
|
|
|
1047 FileWriteCmd FileWritePre FileWritePost any other file write
|
|
|
1048
|
|
|
1049 When there is a matching "*Cmd" autocommand, it is assumed it will do the
|
|
|
1050 writing. No further writing is done and the other events are not triggered.
|
|
|
1051 |Cmd-event|
|
|
|
1052
|
|
|
1053 Note that the *WritePost commands should undo any changes to the buffer that
|
|
|
1054 were caused by the *WritePre commands; otherwise, writing the file will have
|
|
|
1055 the side effect of changing the buffer.
|
|
|
1056
|
|
|
1057 Before executing the autocommands, the buffer from which the lines are to be
|
|
|
1058 written temporarily becomes the current buffer. Unless the autocommands
|
|
|
1059 change the current buffer or delete the previously current buffer, the
|
|
|
1060 previously current buffer is made the current buffer again.
|
|
|
1061
|
|
|
1062 The *WritePre and *AppendPre autocommands must not delete the buffer from
|
|
|
1063 which the lines are to be written.
|
|
|
1064
|
|
|
1065 The '[ and '] marks have a special position:
|
|
|
1066 - Before the *ReadPre event the '[ mark is set to the line just above where
|
|
|
1067 the new lines will be inserted.
|
|
|
1068 - Before the *ReadPost event the '[ mark is set to the first line that was
|
|
|
1069 just read, the '] mark to the last line.
|
|
26
|
1070 - Before executing the *WriteCmd, *WritePre and *AppendPre autocommands the '[
|
|
|
1071 mark is set to the first line that will be written, the '] mark to the last
|
|
|
1072 line.
|
|
7
|
1073 Careful: '[ and '] change when using commands that change the buffer.
|
|
|
1074
|
|
|
1075 In commands which expect a file name, you can use "<afile>" for the file name
|
|
|
1076 that is being read |:<afile>| (you can also use "%" for the current file
|
|
|
1077 name). "<abuf>" can be used for the buffer number of the currently effective
|
|
|
1078 buffer. This also works for buffers that doesn't have a name. But it doesn't
|
|
|
1079 work for files without a buffer (e.g., with ":r file").
|
|
|
1080
|
|
|
1081 *gzip-example*
|
|
|
1082 Examples for reading and writing compressed files: >
|
|
|
1083 :augroup gzip
|
|
|
1084 : autocmd!
|
|
|
1085 : autocmd BufReadPre,FileReadPre *.gz set bin
|
|
|
1086 : autocmd BufReadPost,FileReadPost *.gz '[,']!gunzip
|
|
|
1087 : autocmd BufReadPost,FileReadPost *.gz set nobin
|
|
|
1088 : autocmd BufReadPost,FileReadPost *.gz execute ":doautocmd BufReadPost " . expand("%:r")
|
|
|
1089 : autocmd BufWritePost,FileWritePost *.gz !mv <afile> <afile>:r
|
|
|
1090 : autocmd BufWritePost,FileWritePost *.gz !gzip <afile>:r
|
|
|
1091
|
|
|
1092 : autocmd FileAppendPre *.gz !gunzip <afile>
|
|
|
1093 : autocmd FileAppendPre *.gz !mv <afile>:r <afile>
|
|
|
1094 : autocmd FileAppendPost *.gz !mv <afile> <afile>:r
|
|
|
1095 : autocmd FileAppendPost *.gz !gzip <afile>:r
|
|
|
1096 :augroup END
|
|
|
1097
|
|
|
1098 The "gzip" group is used to be able to delete any existing autocommands with
|
|
|
1099 ":autocmd!", for when the file is sourced twice.
|
|
|
1100
|
|
|
1101 ("<afile>:r" is the file name without the extension, see |:_%:|)
|
|
|
1102
|
|
|
1103 The commands executed for the BufNewFile, BufRead/BufReadPost, BufWritePost,
|
|
|
1104 FileAppendPost and VimLeave events do not set or reset the changed flag of the
|
|
|
1105 buffer. When you decompress the buffer with the BufReadPost autocommands, you
|
|
|
1106 can still exit with ":q". When you use ":undo" in BufWritePost to undo the
|
|
|
1107 changes made by BufWritePre commands, you can still do ":q" (this also makes
|
|
|
1108 "ZZ" work). If you do want the buffer to be marked as modified, set the
|
|
|
1109 'modified' option.
|
|
|
1110
|
|
|
1111 To execute Normal mode commands from an autocommand, use the ":normal"
|
|
|
1112 command. Use with care! If the Normal mode command is not finished, the user
|
|
|
1113 needs to type characters (e.g., after ":normal m" you need to type a mark
|
|
|
1114 name).
|
|
|
1115
|
|
|
1116 If you want the buffer to be unmodified after changing it, reset the
|
|
|
1117 'modified' option. This makes it possible to exit the buffer with ":q"
|
|
|
1118 instead of ":q!".
|
|
|
1119
|
|
|
1120 *autocmd-nested* *E218*
|
|
|
1121 By default, autocommands do not nest. If you use ":e" or ":w" in an
|
|
|
1122 autocommand, Vim does not execute the BufRead and BufWrite autocommands for
|
|
|
1123 those commands. If you do want this, use the "nested" flag for those commands
|
|
|
1124 in which you want nesting. For example: >
|
|
|
1125 :autocmd FileChangedShell *.c nested e!
|
|
|
1126 The nesting is limited to 10 levels to get out of recursive loops.
|
|
|
1127
|
|
|
1128 It's possible to use the ":au" command in an autocommand. This can be a
|
|
|
1129 self-modifying command! This can be useful for an autocommand that should
|
|
|
1130 execute only once.
|
|
|
1131
|
|
590
|
1132 If you want to skip autocommands for one command, use the |:noautocmd| command
|
|
|
1133 modifier or the 'eventignore' option.
|
|
7
|
1134
|
|
|
1135 Note: When reading a file (with ":read file" or with a filter command) and the
|
|
|
1136 last line in the file does not have an <EOL>, Vim remembers this. At the next
|
|
|
1137 write (with ":write file" or with a filter command), if the same line is
|
|
|
1138 written again as the last line in a file AND 'binary' is set, Vim does not
|
|
|
1139 supply an <EOL>. This makes a filter command on the just read lines write the
|
|
|
1140 same file as was read, and makes a write command on just filtered lines write
|
|
|
1141 the same file as was read from the filter. For example, another way to write
|
|
|
1142 a compressed file: >
|
|
|
1143
|
|
|
1144 :autocmd FileWritePre *.gz set bin|'[,']!gzip
|
|
|
1145 :autocmd FileWritePost *.gz undo|set nobin
|
|
|
1146 <
|
|
|
1147 *autocommand-pattern*
|
|
|
1148 You can specify multiple patterns, separated by commas. Here are some
|
|
|
1149 examples: >
|
|
|
1150
|
|
|
1151 :autocmd BufRead * set tw=79 nocin ic infercase fo=2croq
|
|
|
1152 :autocmd BufRead .letter set tw=72 fo=2tcrq
|
|
|
1153 :autocmd BufEnter .letter set dict=/usr/lib/dict/words
|
|
|
1154 :autocmd BufLeave .letter set dict=
|
|
|
1155 :autocmd BufRead,BufNewFile *.c,*.h set tw=0 cin noic
|
|
|
1156 :autocmd BufEnter *.c,*.h abbr FOR for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i)<CR>{<CR>}<Esc>O
|
|
|
1157 :autocmd BufLeave *.c,*.h unabbr FOR
|
|
|
1158
|
|
|
1159 For makefiles (makefile, Makefile, imakefile, makefile.unix, etc.): >
|
|
|
1160
|
|
|
1161 :autocmd BufEnter ?akefile* set include=^s\=include
|
|
|
1162 :autocmd BufLeave ?akefile* set include&
|
|
|
1163
|
|
|
1164 To always start editing C files at the first function: >
|
|
|
1165
|
|
|
1166 :autocmd BufRead *.c,*.h 1;/^{
|
|
|
1167
|
|
|
1168 Without the "1;" above, the search would start from wherever the file was
|
|
|
1169 entered, rather than from the start of the file.
|
|
|
1170
|
|
|
1171 *skeleton* *template*
|
|
|
1172 To read a skeleton (template) file when opening a new file: >
|
|
|
1173
|
|
|
1174 :autocmd BufNewFile *.c 0r ~/vim/skeleton.c
|
|
|
1175 :autocmd BufNewFile *.h 0r ~/vim/skeleton.h
|
|
|
1176 :autocmd BufNewFile *.java 0r ~/vim/skeleton.java
|
|
|
1177
|
|
|
1178 To insert the current date and time in a *.html file when writing it: >
|
|
|
1179
|
|
|
1180 :autocmd BufWritePre,FileWritePre *.html ks|call LastMod()|'s
|
|
|
1181 :fun LastMod()
|
|
|
1182 : if line("$") > 20
|
|
|
1183 : let l = 20
|
|
|
1184 : else
|
|
|
1185 : let l = line("$")
|
|
|
1186 : endif
|
|
|
1187 : exe "1," . l . "g/Last modified: /s/Last modified: .*/Last modified: " .
|
|
|
1188 : \ strftime("%Y %b %d")
|
|
|
1189 :endfun
|
|
|
1190
|
|
|
1191 You need to have a line "Last modified: <date time>" in the first 20 lines
|
|
|
1192 of the file for this to work. Vim replaces <date time> (and anything in the
|
|
|
1193 same line after it) with the current date and time. Explanation:
|
|
|
1194 ks mark current position with mark 's'
|
|
|
1195 call LastMod() call the LastMod() function to do the work
|
|
|
1196 's return the cursor to the old position
|
|
|
1197 The LastMod() function checks if the file is shorter than 20 lines, and then
|
|
|
1198 uses the ":g" command to find lines that contain "Last modified: ". For those
|
|
|
1199 lines the ":s" command is executed to replace the existing date with the
|
|
|
1200 current one. The ":execute" command is used to be able to use an expression
|
|
|
1201 for the ":g" and ":s" commands. The date is obtained with the strftime()
|
|
|
1202 function. You can change its argument to get another date string.
|
|
|
1203
|
|
|
1204 When entering :autocmd on the command-line, completion of events and command
|
|
|
1205 names may be done (with <Tab>, CTRL-D, etc.) where appropriate.
|
|
|
1206
|
|
|
1207 Vim executes all matching autocommands in the order that you specify them.
|
|
|
1208 It is recommended that your first autocommand be used for all files by using
|
|
|
1209 "*" as the file pattern. This means that you can define defaults you like
|
|
|
1210 here for any settings, and if there is another matching autocommand it will
|
|
|
1211 override these. But if there is no other matching autocommand, then at least
|
|
|
1212 your default settings are recovered (if entering this file from another for
|
|
|
1213 which autocommands did match). Note that "*" will also match files starting
|
|
|
1214 with ".", unlike Unix shells.
|
|
|
1215
|
|
|
1216 *autocmd-searchpat*
|
|
|
1217 Autocommands do not change the current search patterns. Vim saves the current
|
|
|
1218 search patterns before executing autocommands then restores them after the
|
|
|
1219 autocommands finish. This means that autocommands do not affect the strings
|
|
|
1220 highlighted with the 'hlsearch' option. Within autocommands, you can still
|
|
|
1221 use search patterns normally, e.g., with the "n" command.
|
|
|
1222 If you want an autocommand to set the search pattern, such that it is used
|
|
|
1223 after the autocommand finishes, use the ":let @/ =" command.
|
|
|
1224 The search-highlighting cannot be switched off with ":nohlsearch" in an
|
|
|
1225 autocommand. Use the 'h' flag in the 'viminfo' option to disable search-
|
|
|
1226 highlighting when starting Vim.
|
|
|
1227
|
|
|
1228 *Cmd-event*
|
|
|
1229 When using one of the "*Cmd" events, the matching autocommands are expected to
|
|
1061
|
1230 do the file reading, writing or sourcing. This can be used when working with
|
|
|
1231 a special kind of file, for example on a remote system.
|
|
7
|
1232 CAREFUL: If you use these events in a wrong way, it may have the effect of
|
|
|
1233 making it impossible to read or write the matching files! Make sure you test
|
|
|
1234 your autocommands properly. Best is to use a pattern that will never match a
|
|
|
1235 normal file name, for example "ftp://*".
|
|
|
1236
|
|
|
1237 When defining a BufReadCmd it will be difficult for Vim to recover a crashed
|
|
|
1238 editing session. When recovering from the original file, Vim reads only those
|
|
|
1239 parts of a file that are not found in the swap file. Since that is not
|
|
|
1240 possible with a BufReadCmd, use the |:preserve| command to make sure the
|
|
|
1241 original file isn't needed for recovery. You might want to do this only when
|
|
|
1242 you expect the file to be modified.
|
|
|
1243
|
|
1061
|
1244 For file read and write commands the |v:cmdarg| variable holds the "++enc="
|
|
|
1245 and "++ff=" argument that are effective. These should be used for the command
|
|
|
1246 that reads/writes the file. The |v:cmdbang| variable is one when "!" was
|
|
|
1247 used, zero otherwise.
|
|
7
|
1248
|
|
|
1249 See the $VIMRUNTIME/plugin/netrw.vim for examples.
|
|
|
1250
|
|
590
|
1251 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
1252 11. Disabling autocommands *autocmd-disable*
|
|
|
1253
|
|
|
1254 To disable autocommands for some time use the 'eventignore' option. Note that
|
|
|
1255 this may cause unexpected behavior, make sure you restore 'eventignore'
|
|
|
1256 afterwards, using a |:try| block with |:finally|.
|
|
|
1257
|
|
|
1258 *:noautocmd* *:noa*
|
|
|
1259 To disable autocommands for just one command use the ":noautocmd" command
|
|
|
1260 modifier. This will set 'eventignore' to "all" for the duration of the
|
|
|
1261 following command. Example: >
|
|
|
1262
|
|
|
1263 :noautocmd w fname.gz
|
|
|
1264
|
|
|
1265 This will write the file without triggering the autocommands defined by the
|
|
|
1266 gzip plugin.
|
|
|
1267
|
|
40
|
1268
|
|
7
|
1269 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
|
