Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/print.txt @ 15446:8ac454818352 v8.1.0731
patch 8.1.0731: JS encoding does not handle negative infinity
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/5f6b379ff3e34297d171635933f907ec80ed4f05
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Sat Jan 12 14:24:27 2019 +0100
patch 8.1.0731: JS encoding does not handle negative infinity
Problem: JS encoding does not handle negative infinity.
Solution: Add support for negative infinity for JS encoding. (Dominique
Pelle, closes #3792)
author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
---|---|
date | Sat, 12 Jan 2019 14:30:06 +0100 |
parents | 5c5908e81e93 |
children | 314694a2e74a |
rev | line source |
---|---|
13963 | 1 *print.txt* For Vim version 8.1. Last change: 2010 Jul 20 |
15 | 2 |
3 | |
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
5 | |
6 | |
7 Printing *printing* | |
8 | |
9 1. Introduction |print-intro| | |
10 2. Print options |print-options| | |
11 3. PostScript Printing |postscript-printing| | |
12 4. PostScript Printing Encoding |postscript-print-encoding| | |
856 | 13 5. PostScript CJK Printing |postscript-cjk-printing| |
15 | 14 6. PostScript Printing Troubleshooting |postscript-print-trouble| |
15 7. PostScript Utilities |postscript-print-util| | |
16 8. Formfeed Characters |printing-formfeed| | |
17 | |
18 {Vi has None of this} | |
19 {only available when compiled with the |+printer| feature} | |
20 | |
21 ============================================================================== | |
22 1. Introduction *print-intro* | |
23 | |
24 On MS-Windows Vim can print your text on any installed printer. On other | |
25 systems a PostScript file is produced. This can be directly sent to a | |
26 PostScript printer. For other printers a program like ghostscript needs to be | |
27 used. | |
28 | |
1619 | 29 Note: If you have problems printing with |:hardcopy|, an alternative is to use |
30 |:TOhtml| and print the resulting html file from a browser. | |
31 | |
15 | 32 *:ha* *:hardcopy* *E237* *E238* *E324* |
33 :[range]ha[rdcopy][!] [arguments] | |
34 Send [range] lines (default whole file) to the | |
35 printer. | |
36 | |
37 On MS-Windows a dialog is displayed to allow selection | |
236 | 38 of printer, paper size etc. To skip the dialog, use |
15 | 39 the [!]. In this case the printer defined by |
40 'printdevice' is used, or, if 'printdevice' is empty, | |
41 the system default printer. | |
42 | |
43 For systems other than MS-Windows, PostScript is | |
44 written in a temp file and 'printexpr' is used to | |
45 actually print it. Then [arguments] can be used by | |
46 'printexpr' through |v:cmdarg|. Otherwise [arguments] | |
47 is ignored. 'printoptions' can be used to specify | |
48 paper size, duplex, etc. | |
14519 | 49 Note: If you want PDF, there are tools such as |
50 "ps2pdf" that can convert the PostScript to PDF. | |
15 | 51 |
52 :[range]ha[rdcopy][!] >{filename} | |
53 As above, but write the resulting PostScript in file | |
54 {filename}. | |
55 Things like "%" are expanded |cmdline-special| | |
56 Careful: An existing file is silently overwritten. | |
57 {only available when compiled with the |+postscript| | |
58 feature} | |
59 On MS-Windows use the "print to file" feature of the | |
60 printer driver. | |
61 | |
62 Progress is displayed during printing as a page number and a percentage. To | |
63 abort printing use the interrupt key (CTRL-C or, on MS-systems, CTRL-Break). | |
64 | |
65 Printer output is controlled by the 'printfont' and 'printoptions' options. | |
66 'printheader' specifies the format of a page header. | |
67 | |
68 The printed file is always limited to the selected margins, irrespective of | |
69 the current window's 'wrap' or 'linebreak' settings. The "wrap" item in | |
70 'printoptions' can be used to switch wrapping off. | |
71 The current highlighting colors are used in the printout, with the following | |
72 considerations: | |
236 | 73 1) The normal background is always rendered as white (i.e. blank paper). |
15 | 74 2) White text or the default foreground is rendered as black, so that it shows |
75 up! | |
76 3) If 'background' is "dark", then the colours are darkened to compensate for | |
77 the fact that otherwise they would be too bright to show up clearly on | |
78 white paper. | |
79 | |
80 ============================================================================== | |
81 2. Print options *print-options* | |
82 | |
83 Here are the details for the options that change the way printing is done. | |
84 For generic info about setting options see |options.txt|. | |
85 | |
86 *pdev-option* | |
87 'printdevice' 'pdev' string (default empty) | |
88 global | |
89 This defines the name of the printer to be used when the |:hardcopy| command | |
90 is issued with a bang (!) to skip the printer selection dialog. On Win32, it | |
91 should be the printer name exactly as it appears in the standard printer | |
92 dialog. | |
93 If the option is empty, then vim will use the system default printer for | |
94 ":hardcopy!" | |
95 | |
96 *penc-option* *E620* | |
97 'printencoding' 'penc' String (default empty, except for: | |
98 Windows, OS/2: cp1252, | |
99 Macintosh: mac-roman, | |
100 VMS: dec-mcs, | |
101 HPUX: hp-roman8, | |
102 EBCDIC: ebcdic-uk) | |
103 global | |
11473 | 104 Sets the character encoding used when printing. This option tells Vim which |
15 | 105 print character encoding file from the "print" directory in 'runtimepath' to |
106 use. | |
107 | |
108 This option will accept any value from |encoding-names|. Any recognized names | |
11473 | 109 are converted to Vim standard names - see 'encoding' for more details. Names |
110 not recognized by Vim will just be converted to lower case and underscores | |
15 | 111 replaced with '-' signs. |
112 | |
11473 | 113 If 'printencoding' is empty or Vim cannot find the file then it will use |
114 'encoding' (if Vim is compiled with |+multi_byte| and it is set an 8-bit | |
115 encoding) to find the print character encoding file. If Vim is unable to find | |
15 | 116 a character encoding file then it will use the "latin1" print character |
117 encoding file. | |
118 | |
11473 | 119 When 'encoding' is set to a multi-byte encoding, Vim will try to convert |
15 | 120 characters to the printing encoding for printing (if 'printencoding' is empty |
121 then the conversion will be to latin1). Conversion to a printing encoding | |
11473 | 122 other than latin1 will require Vim to be compiled with the |+iconv| feature. |
15 | 123 If no conversion is possible then printing will fail. Any characters that |
124 cannot be converted will be replaced with upside down question marks. | |
125 | |
126 Four print character encoding files are provided to support default Mac, VMS, | |
127 HPUX, and EBCDIC character encodings and are used by default on these | |
128 platforms. Code page 1252 print character encoding is used by default on | |
129 Windows and OS/2 platforms. | |
130 | |
131 *pexpr-option* | |
132 'printexpr' 'pexpr' String (default: see below) | |
133 global | |
134 Expression that is evaluated to print the PostScript produced with | |
135 |:hardcopy|. | |
136 The file name to be printed is in |v:fname_in|. | |
137 The arguments to the ":hardcopy" command are in |v:cmdarg|. | |
138 The expression must take care of deleting the file after printing it. | |
139 When there is an error, the expression must return a non-zero number. | |
140 If there is no error, return zero or an empty string. | |
141 The default for non MS-Windows or VMS systems is to simply use "lpr" to print | |
142 the file: > | |
143 | |
144 system('lpr' . (&printdevice == '' ? '' : ' -P' . &printdevice) | |
145 . ' ' . v:fname_in) . delete(v:fname_in) + v:shell_error | |
146 | |
147 On MS-Dos, MS-Windows and OS/2 machines the default is to copy the file to the | |
148 currently specified printdevice: > | |
149 | |
150 system('copy' . ' ' . v:fname_in . (&printdevice == '' | |
151 ? ' LPT1:' : (' \"' . &printdevice . '\"'))) | |
152 . delete(v:fname_in) | |
153 | |
154 On VMS machines the default is to send the file to either the default or | |
155 currently specified printdevice: > | |
156 | |
157 system('print' . (&printdevice == '' ? '' : ' /queue=' . | |
158 &printdevice) . ' ' . v:fname_in) . delete(v:fname_in) | |
159 | |
160 If you change this option, using a function is an easy way to avoid having to | |
161 escape all the spaces. Example: > | |
162 | |
163 :set printexpr=PrintFile(v:fname_in) | |
164 :function PrintFile(fname) | |
165 : call system("ghostview " . a:fname) | |
166 : call delete(a:fname) | |
167 : return v:shell_error | |
168 :endfunc | |
169 | |
170 Be aware that some print programs return control before they have read the | |
171 file. If you delete the file too soon it will not be printed. These programs | |
172 usually offer an option to have them remove the file when printing is done. | |
173 *E365* | |
174 If evaluating the expression fails or it results in a non-zero number, you get | |
175 an error message. In that case Vim will delete the file. In the default | |
176 value for non-MS-Windows a trick is used: Adding "v:shell_error" will result | |
177 in a non-zero number when the system() call fails. | |
178 | |
179 This option cannot be set from a |modeline| or in the |sandbox|, for security | |
180 reasons. | |
181 | |
182 *pfn-option* *E613* | |
183 'printfont' 'pfn' string (default "courier") | |
184 global | |
185 This is the name of the font that will be used for the |:hardcopy| command's | |
186 output. It has the same format as the 'guifont' option, except that only one | |
187 font may be named, and the special "guifont=*" syntax is not available. | |
188 | |
189 In the Win32 GUI version this specifies a font name with its extra attributes, | |
190 as with the 'guifont' option. | |
191 | |
192 For other systems, only ":h11" is recognized, where "11" is the point size of | |
193 the font. When omitted, the point size is 10. | |
194 | |
195 *pheader-option* | |
196 'printheader' 'pheader' string (default "%<%f%h%m%=Page %N") | |
197 global | |
198 This defines the format of the header produced in |:hardcopy| output. The | |
199 option is defined in the same way as the 'statusline' option. If Vim has not | |
200 been compiled with the |+statusline| feature, this option has no effect and a | |
1619 | 201 simple default header is used, which shows the page number. The same simple |
202 header is used when this option is empty. | |
15 | 203 |
204 *pmbcs-option* | |
205 'printmbcharset' 'pmbcs' string (default "") | |
206 global | |
207 Sets the CJK character set to be used when generating CJK output from | |
11473 | 208 |:hardcopy|. The following predefined values are currently recognised by Vim: |
15 | 209 |
210 Value Description ~ | |
211 Chinese GB_2312-80 | |
212 (Simplified) GBT_12345-90 | |
213 MAC Apple Mac Simplified Chinese | |
214 GBT-90_MAC GB/T 12345-90 Apple Mac Simplified | |
215 Chinese | |
216 GBK GBK (GB 13000.1-93) | |
217 ISO10646 ISO 10646-1:1993 | |
218 | |
219 Chinese CNS_1993 CNS 11643-1993, Planes 1 & 2 | |
220 (Traditional) BIG5 | |
221 ETEN Big5 with ETen extensions | |
222 ISO10646 ISO 10646-1:1993 | |
223 | |
224 Japanese JIS_C_1978 | |
225 JIS_X_1983 | |
226 JIS_X_1990 | |
856 | 227 MSWINDOWS Win3.1/95J (JIS X 1997 + NEC + |
15 | 228 IBM extensions) |
229 KANJITALK6 Apple Mac KanjiTalk V6.x | |
230 KANJITALK7 Apple Mac KanjiTalk V7.x | |
231 | |
232 Korean KS_X_1992 | |
233 MAC Apple Macintosh Korean | |
234 MSWINDOWS KS X 1992 with MS extensions | |
235 ISO10646 ISO 10646-1:1993 | |
236 | |
237 Only certain combinations of the above values and 'printencoding' are | |
238 possible. The following tables show the valid combinations: | |
239 | |
240 euc-cn gbk ucs-2 utf-8 ~ | |
241 Chinese GB_2312-80 x | |
242 (Simplified) GBT_12345-90 x | |
243 MAC x | |
244 GBT-90_MAC x | |
245 GBK x | |
246 ISO10646 x x | |
247 | |
248 euc-tw big5 ucs-2 utf-8 ~ | |
249 Chinese CNS_1993 x | |
250 (Traditional) BIG5 x | |
251 ETEN x | |
252 ISO10646 x x | |
253 | |
254 euc-jp sjis ucs-2 utf-8 ~ | |
255 Japanese JIS_C_1978 x x | |
256 JIS_X_1983 x x | |
257 JIS_X_1990 x x x | |
258 MSWINDOWS x | |
259 KANJITALK6 x | |
260 KANJITALK7 x | |
261 | |
262 euc-kr cp949 ucs-2 utf-8 ~ | |
856 | 263 Korean KS_X_1992 x |
15 | 264 MAC x |
265 MSWINDOWS x | |
266 ISO10646 x x | |
267 | |
268 To set up the correct encoding and character set for printing some | |
269 Japanese text you would do the following; > | |
270 :set printencoding=euc-jp | |
271 :set printmbcharset=JIS_X_1983 | |
272 | |
273 If 'printmbcharset' is not one of the above values then it is assumed to | |
274 specify a custom multi-byte character set and no check will be made that it is | |
11473 | 275 compatible with the value for 'printencoding'. Vim will look for a file |
15 | 276 defining the character set in the "print" directory in 'runtimepath'. |
277 | |
278 *pmbfn-option* | |
279 'printmbfont' 'pmbfn' string (default "") | |
280 global | |
281 This is a comma-separated list of fields for font names to be used when | |
282 generating CJK output from |:hardcopy|. Each font name has to be preceded | |
283 with a letter indicating the style the font is to be used for as follows: | |
284 | |
285 r:{font-name} font to use for normal characters | |
286 b:{font-name} font to use for bold characters | |
287 i:{font-name} font to use for italic characters | |
288 o:{font-name} font to use for bold-italic characters | |
289 | |
290 A field with the r: prefix must be specified when doing CJK printing. The | |
291 other fontname specifiers are optional. If a specifier is missing then | |
292 another font will be used as follows: | |
293 | |
294 if b: is missing, then use r: | |
295 if i: is missing, then use r: | |
839 | 296 if o: is missing, then use b: |
15 | 297 |
298 Some CJK fonts do not contain characters for codes in the ASCII code range. | |
299 Also, some characters in the CJK ASCII code ranges differ in a few code points | |
300 from traditional ASCII characters. There are two additional fields to control | |
301 printing of characters in the ASCII code range. | |
302 | |
303 c:yes Use Courier font for characters in the ASCII | |
304 c:no (default) code range. | |
305 | |
306 a:yes Use ASCII character set for codes in the ASCII | |
307 a:no (default) code range. | |
308 | |
309 The following is an example of specifying two multi-byte fonts, one for normal | |
310 and italic printing and one for bold and bold-italic printing, and using | |
311 Courier to print codes in the ASCII code range but using the national | |
312 character set: > | |
313 :set printmbfont=r:WadaMin-Regular,b:WadaMin-Bold,c:yes | |
314 < | |
315 *popt-option* | |
856 | 316 'printoptions' 'popt' string (default "") |
15 | 317 global |
318 This is a comma-separated list of items that control the format of the output | |
319 of |:hardcopy|: | |
320 | |
321 left:{spec} left margin (default: 10pc) | |
322 right:{spec} right margin (default: 5pc) | |
323 top:{spec} top margin (default: 5pc) | |
324 bottom:{spec} bottom margin (default: 5pc) | |
325 {spec} is a number followed by "in" for inches, "pt" | |
326 for points (1 point is 1/72 of an inch), "mm" for | |
327 millimeters or "pc" for a percentage of the media | |
328 size. | |
329 Weird example: | |
330 left:2in,top:30pt,right:16mm,bottom:3pc | |
331 If the unit is not recognized there is no error and | |
332 the default value is used. | |
333 | |
334 header:{nr} Number of lines to reserve for the header. | |
335 Only the first line is actually filled, thus when {nr} | |
336 is 2 there is one empty line. The header is formatted | |
337 according to 'printheader'. | |
338 header:0 Do not print a header. | |
339 header:2 (default) Use two lines for the header | |
340 | |
341 syntax:n Do not use syntax highlighting. This is faster and | |
342 thus useful when printing large files. | |
343 syntax:y Do syntax highlighting. | |
344 syntax:a (default) Use syntax highlighting if the printer appears to be | |
856 | 345 able to print color or grey. |
15 | 346 |
347 number:y Include line numbers in the printed output. | |
348 number:n (default) No line numbers. | |
349 | |
350 wrap:y (default) Wrap long lines. | |
351 wrap:n Truncate long lines. | |
352 | |
353 duplex:off Print on one side. | |
354 duplex:long (default) Print on both sides (when possible), bind on long | |
856 | 355 side. |
15 | 356 duplex:short Print on both sides (when possible), bind on short |
856 | 357 side. |
15 | 358 |
359 collate:y (default) Collating: 1 2 3, 1 2 3, 1 2 3 | |
360 collate:n No collating: 1 1 1, 2 2 2, 3 3 3 | |
361 | |
362 jobsplit:n (default) Do all copies in one print job | |
363 jobsplit:y Do each copy as a separate print job. Useful when | |
856 | 364 doing N-up postprocessing. |
15 | 365 |
366 portrait:y (default) Orientation is portrait. | |
367 portrait:n Orientation is landscape. | |
368 *a4* *letter* | |
369 paper:A4 (default) Paper size: A4 | |
370 paper:{name} Paper size from this table: | |
371 {name} size in cm size in inch ~ | |
372 10x14 25.4 x 35.57 10 x 14 | |
373 A3 29.7 x 42 11.69 x 16.54 | |
374 A4 21 x 29.7 8.27 x 11.69 | |
375 A5 14.8 x 21 5.83 x 8.27 | |
376 B4 25 x 35.3 10.12 x 14.33 | |
377 B5 17.6 x 25 7.17 x 10.12 | |
378 executive 18.42 x 26.67 7.25 x 10.5 | |
379 folio 21 x 33 8.27 x 13 | |
380 ledger 43.13 x 27.96 17 x 11 | |
381 legal 21.59 x 35.57 8.5 x 14 | |
382 letter 21.59 x 27.96 8.5 x 11 | |
383 quarto 21.59 x 27.5 8.5 x 10.83 | |
384 statement 13.97 x 21.59 5.5 x 8.5 | |
385 tabloid 27.96 x 43.13 11 x 17 | |
386 | |
387 formfeed:n (default) Treat form feed characters (0x0c) as a normal print | |
856 | 388 character. |
15 | 389 formfeed:y When a form feed character is encountered, continue |
390 printing of the current line at the beginning of the | |
391 first line on a new page. | |
392 | |
393 The item indicated with (default) is used when the item is not present. The | |
394 values are not always used, especially when using a dialog to select the | |
395 printer and options. | |
396 Example: > | |
397 :set printoptions=paper:letter,duplex:off | |
398 | |
399 ============================================================================== | |
400 3. PostScript Printing *postscript-printing* | |
401 *E455* *E456* *E457* *E624* | |
402 Provided you have enough disk space there should be no problems generating a | |
403 PostScript file. You need to have the runtime files correctly installed (if | |
404 you can find the help files, they probably are). | |
405 | |
406 There are currently a number of limitations with PostScript printing: | |
407 | |
408 - 'printfont' - The font name is ignored (the Courier family is always used - | |
409 it should be available on all PostScript printers) but the font size is | |
410 used. | |
411 | |
412 - 'printoptions' - The duplex setting is used when generating PostScript | |
413 output, but it is up to the printer to take notice of the setting. If the | |
414 printer does not support duplex printing then it should be silently ignored. | |
415 Some printers, however, don't print at all. | |
416 | |
417 - 8-bit support - While a number of 8-bit print character encodings are | |
418 supported it is possible that some characters will not print. Whether a | |
419 character will print depends on the font in the printer knowing the | |
420 character. Missing characters will be replaced with an upside down question | |
421 mark, or a space if that character is also not known by the font. It may be | |
422 possible to get all the characters in an encoding to print by installing a | |
423 new version of the Courier font family. | |
424 | |
11473 | 425 - Multi-byte support - Currently Vim will try to convert multi-byte characters |
15 | 426 to the 8-bit encoding specified by 'printencoding' (or latin1 if it is |
427 empty). Any characters that are not successfully converted are shown as | |
11473 | 428 unknown characters. Printing will fail if Vim cannot convert the multi-byte |
15 | 429 to the 8-bit encoding. |
430 | |
431 ============================================================================== | |
432 4. Custom 8-bit Print Character Encodings *postscript-print-encoding* | |
433 *E618* *E619* | |
434 To use your own print character encoding when printing 8-bit character data | |
435 you need to define your own PostScript font encoding vector. Details on how | |
1121 | 436 to define a font encoding vector is beyond the scope of this help file, but |
15 | 437 you can find details in the PostScript Language Reference Manual, 3rd Edition, |
438 published by Addison-Wesley and available in PDF form at | |
11473 | 439 http://www.adobe.com/. The following describes what you need to do for Vim to |
15 | 440 locate and use your print character encoding. |
441 | |
442 i. Decide on a unique name for your encoding vector, one that does not clash | |
11473 | 443 with any of the recognized or standard encoding names that Vim uses (see |
15 | 444 |encoding-names| for a list), and that no one else is likely to use. |
445 ii. Copy $VIMRUNTIME/print/latin1.ps to the print subdirectory in your | |
446 'runtimepath' and rename it with your unique name. | |
447 iii. Edit your renamed copy of latin1.ps, replacing all occurrences of latin1 | |
448 with your unique name (don't forget the line starting %%Title:), and | |
449 modify the array of glyph names to define your new encoding vector. The | |
450 array must have exactly 256 entries or you will not be able to print! | |
11473 | 451 iv. Within Vim, set 'printencoding' to your unique encoding name and then |
452 print your file. Vim will now use your custom print character encoding. | |
15 | 453 |
11473 | 454 Vim will report an error with the resource file if you change the order or |
15 | 455 content of the first 3 lines, other than the name of the encoding on the line |
456 starting %%Title: or the version number on the line starting %%Version:. | |
457 | |
11473 | 458 [Technical explanation for those that know PostScript - Vim looks for a file |
15 | 459 with the same name as the encoding it will use when printing. The file |
460 defines a new PostScript Encoding resource called /VIM-name, where name is the | |
11473 | 461 print character encoding Vim will use.] |
15 | 462 |
463 ============================================================================== | |
464 5. PostScript CJK Printing *postscript-cjk-printing* | |
465 *E673* *E674* *E675* | |
466 | |
11473 | 467 Vim supports printing of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean files. Setting up Vim |
15 | 468 to correctly print CJK files requires setting up a few more options. |
469 | |
470 Each of these countries has many standard character sets and encodings which | |
471 require that both be specified when printing. In addition, CJK fonts normally | |
472 do not have the concept of italic glyphs and use different weight or stroke | |
473 style to achieve emphasis when printing. This in turn requires a different | |
474 approach to specifying fonts to use when printing. | |
475 | |
476 The encoding and character set are specified with the 'printencoding' and | |
477 'printmbcharset' options. If 'printencoding' is not specified then 'encoding' | |
478 is used as normal. If 'printencoding' is specified then characters will be | |
479 translated to this encoding for printing. You should ensure that the encoding | |
480 is compatible with the character set needed for the file contents or some | |
481 characters may not appear when printed. | |
482 | |
483 The fonts to use for CJK printing are specified with 'printmbfont'. This | |
484 option allows you to specify different fonts to use when printing characters | |
485 which are syntax highlighted with the font styles normal, italic, bold and | |
486 bold-italic. | |
487 | |
11473 | 488 No CJK fonts are supplied with Vim. There are some free Korean, Japanese, and |
15 | 489 Traditional Chinese fonts available at: |
490 | |
491 http://examples.oreilly.com/cjkvinfo/adobe/samples/ | |
492 | |
856 | 493 You can find descriptions of the various fonts in the read me file at |
15 | 494 |
2236
dc2e5ec0500d
Added the undofile() function. Updated runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2154
diff
changeset
|
495 http://examples.oreilly.de/english_examples/cjkvinfo/adobe/00README |
15 | 496 |
497 Please read your printer documentation on how to install new fonts. | |
498 | |
499 CJK fonts can be large containing several thousand glyphs, and it is not | |
500 uncommon to find that they only contain a subset of a national standard. It | |
501 is not unusual to find the fonts to not include characters for codes in the | |
502 ASCII code range. If you find half-width Roman characters are not appearing | |
11473 | 503 in your printout then you should configure Vim to use the Courier font the |
15 | 504 half-width ASCII characters with 'printmbfont'. If your font does not include |
505 other characters then you will need to find another font that does. | |
506 | |
507 Another issue with ASCII characters, is that the various national character | |
508 sets specify a couple of different glyphs in the ASCII code range. If you | |
509 print ASCII text using the national character set you may see some unexpected | |
510 characters. If you want true ASCII code printing then you need to configure | |
11473 | 511 Vim to output ASCII characters for the ASCII code range with 'printmbfont'. |
15 | 512 |
513 It is possible to define your own multi-byte character set although this | |
514 should not be attempted lightly. A discussion on the process if beyond the | |
515 scope of these help files. You can find details on CMap (character map) files | |
516 in the document 'Adobe CMap and CIDFont Files Specification, Version 1.0', | |
517 available from http://www.adobe.com as a PDF file. | |
518 | |
519 ============================================================================== | |
520 6. PostScript Printing Troubleshooting *postscript-print-trouble* | |
521 *E621* | |
522 Usually the only sign of a problem when printing with PostScript is that your | |
523 printout does not appear. If you are lucky you may get a printed page that | |
524 tells you the PostScript operator that generated the error that prevented the | |
525 print job completing. | |
526 | |
527 There are a number of possible causes as to why the printing may have failed: | |
528 | |
529 - Wrong version of the prolog resource file. The prolog resource file | |
11473 | 530 contains some PostScript that Vim needs to be able to print. Each version |
531 of Vim needs one particular version. Make sure you have correctly installed | |
15 | 532 the runtime files, and don't have any old versions of a file called prolog |
533 in the print directory in your 'runtimepath' directory. | |
534 | |
535 - Paper size. Some PostScript printers will abort printing a file if they do | |
11473 | 536 not support the requested paper size. By default Vim uses A4 paper. Find |
15 | 537 out what size paper your printer normally uses and set the appropriate paper |
538 size with 'printoptions'. If you cannot find the name of the paper used, | |
539 measure a sheet and compare it with the table of supported paper sizes listed | |
540 for 'printoptions', using the paper that is closest in both width AND height. | |
541 Note: The dimensions of actual paper may vary slightly from the ones listed. | |
542 If there is no paper listed close enough, then you may want to try psresize | |
543 from PSUtils, discussed below. | |
544 | |
545 - Two-sided printing (duplex). Normally a PostScript printer that does not | |
546 support two-sided printing will ignore any request to do it. However, some | |
547 printers may abort the job altogether. Try printing with duplex turned off. | |
548 Note: Duplex prints can be achieved manually using PS utils - see below. | |
549 | |
550 - Collated printing. As with Duplex printing, most PostScript printers that | |
551 do not support collating printouts will ignore a request to do so. Some may | |
552 not. Try printing with collation turned off. | |
553 | |
554 - Syntax highlighting. Some print management code may prevent the generated | |
555 PostScript file from being printed on a black and white printer when syntax | |
556 highlighting is turned on, even if solid black is the only color used. Try | |
557 printing with syntax highlighting turned off. | |
558 | |
559 A safe printoptions setting to try is: > | |
560 | |
561 :set printoptions=paper:A4,duplex:off,collate:n,syntax:n | |
562 | |
563 Replace "A4" with the paper size that best matches your printer paper. | |
564 | |
565 ============================================================================== | |
566 7. PostScript Utilities *postscript-print-util* | |
567 | |
568 7.1 Ghostscript | |
569 | |
570 Ghostscript is a PostScript and PDF interpreter that can be used to display | |
571 and print on non-PostScript printers PostScript and PDF files. It can also | |
572 generate PDF files from PostScript. | |
573 | |
574 Ghostscript will run on a wide variety of platforms. | |
575 | |
576 There are three available versions: | |
577 | |
578 - AFPL Ghostscript (formerly Aladdin Ghostscript) which is free for | |
579 non-commercial use. It can be obtained from: | |
580 | |
581 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/ | |
582 | |
583 - GNU Ghostscript which is available under the GNU General Public License. It | |
584 can be obtained from: | |
585 | |
586 ftp://mirror.cs.wisc.edu/pub/mirrors/ghost/gnu/ | |
587 | |
588 - A commercial version for inclusion in commercial products. | |
589 | |
590 Additional information on Ghostscript can also be found at: | |
591 | |
592 http://www.ghostscript.com/ | |
593 | |
594 Support for a number of non PostScript printers is provided in the | |
595 distribution as standard, but if you cannot find support for your printer | |
596 check the Ghostscript site for other printers not included by default. | |
597 | |
598 | |
599 7.2 Ghostscript Previewers. | |
600 | |
601 The interface to Ghostscript is very primitive so a number of graphical front | |
602 ends have been created. These allow easier PostScript file selection, | |
603 previewing at different zoom levels, and printing. Check supplied | |
604 documentation for full details. | |
605 | |
606 X11 | |
607 | |
608 - Ghostview. Obtainable from: | |
609 | |
610 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gv/ | |
611 | |
612 - gv. Derived from Ghostview. Obtainable from: | |
613 | |
614 http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~plass/gv/ | |
615 | |
616 Copies (possibly not the most recent) can be found at: | |
617 | |
618 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gv/ | |
619 | |
620 OpenVMS | |
621 | |
622 - Is apparently supported in the main code now (untested). See: | |
623 | |
624 http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~plass/gv/ | |
625 | |
626 Windows and OS/2 | |
627 | |
628 - GSview. Obtainable from: | |
629 | |
630 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/ | |
631 | |
632 DOS | |
633 | |
634 - ps_view. Obtainable from: | |
635 | |
636 ftp://ftp.pg.gda.pl/pub/TeX/support/ps_view/ | |
637 ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/support/ps_view/ | |
638 | |
639 Linux | |
640 | |
641 - GSview. Linux version of the popular Windows and OS/2 previewer. | |
642 Obtainable from: | |
643 | |
644 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/ | |
645 | |
646 - BMV. Different from Ghostview and gv in that it doesn't use X but svgalib. | |
647 Obtainable from: | |
648 | |
649 ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/graphics/viewers/svga/bmv-1.2.tgz | |
650 | |
651 | |
652 7.3 PSUtils | |
653 | |
654 PSUtils is a collection of utility programs for manipulating PostScript | |
655 documents. Binary distributions are available for many platforms, as well as | |
656 the full source. PSUtils can be found at: | |
657 | |
658 http://knackered.org/angus/psutils | |
659 | |
660 The utilities of interest include: | |
661 | |
662 - psnup. Convert PS files for N-up printing. | |
663 - psselect. Select page range and order of printing. | |
664 - psresize. Change the page size. | |
665 - psbook. Reorder and lay out pages ready for making a book. | |
666 | |
667 The output of one program can be used as the input to the next, allowing for | |
668 complex print document creation. | |
669 | |
670 | |
671 N-UP PRINTING | |
672 | |
11473 | 673 The psnup utility takes an existing PostScript file generated from Vim and |
15 | 674 convert it to an n-up version. The simplest way to create a 2-up printout is |
675 to first create a PostScript file with: > | |
676 | |
677 :hardcopy > test.ps | |
678 | |
679 Then on your command line execute: > | |
680 | |
681 psnup -n 2 test.ps final.ps | |
682 | |
683 Note: You may get warnings from some Ghostscript previewers for files produced | |
684 by psnup - these may safely be ignored. | |
685 | |
686 Finally print the file final.ps to your PostScript printer with your | |
687 platform's print command. (You will need to delete the two PostScript files | |
688 afterwards yourself.) 'printexpr' could be modified to perform this extra | |
689 step before printing. | |
690 | |
691 | |
692 ALTERNATE DUPLEX PRINTING | |
693 | |
694 It is possible to achieve a poor man's version of duplex printing using the PS | |
695 utility psselect. This utility has options -e and -o for printing just the | |
696 even or odd pages of a PS file respectively. | |
697 | |
6530 | 698 First generate a PS file with the 'hardcopy' command, then generate new |
15 | 699 files with all the odd and even numbered pages with: > |
700 | |
701 psselect -o test.ps odd.ps | |
702 psselect -e test.ps even.ps | |
703 | |
704 Next print odd.ps with your platform's normal print command. Then take the | |
705 print output, turn it over and place it back in the paper feeder. Now print | |
706 even.ps with your platform's print command. All the even pages should now | |
707 appear on the back of the odd pages. | |
708 | |
2033
de5a43c5eedc
Update documentation files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@zimbu.org>
parents:
1702
diff
changeset
|
709 There are a couple of points to bear in mind: |
15 | 710 |
711 1. Position of the first page. If the first page is on top of the printout | |
712 when printing the odd pages then you need to reverse the order that the odd | |
713 pages are printed. This can be done with the -r option to psselect. This | |
714 will ensure page 2 is printed on the back of page 1. | |
715 Note: it is better to reverse the odd numbered pages rather than the even | |
716 numbered in case there are an odd number of pages in the original PS file. | |
717 | |
718 2. Paper flipping. When turning over the paper with the odd pages printed on | |
719 them you may have to either flip them horizontally (along the long edge) or | |
720 vertically (along the short edge), as well as possibly rotating them 180 | |
721 degrees. All this depends on the printer - it will be more obvious for | |
722 desktop ink jets than for small office laser printers where the paper path | |
723 is hidden from view. | |
724 | |
725 | |
726 ============================================================================== | |
727 8. Formfeed Characters *printing-formfeed* | |
728 | |
11473 | 729 By default Vim does not do any special processing of |formfeed| control |
730 characters. Setting the 'printoptions' formfeed item will make Vim recognize | |
15 | 731 formfeed characters and continue printing the current line at the beginning |
732 of the first line on a new page. The use of formfeed characters provides | |
733 rudimentary print control but there are certain things to be aware of. | |
734 | |
11473 | 735 Vim will always start printing a line (including a line number if enabled) |
15 | 736 containing a formfeed character, even if it is the first character on the |
737 line. This means if a line starting with a formfeed character is the first | |
11473 | 738 line of a page then Vim will print a blank page. |
15 | 739 |
740 Since the line number is printed at the start of printing the line containing | |
741 the formfeed character, the remainder of the line printed on the new page | |
742 will not have a line number printed for it (in the same way as the wrapped | |
743 lines of a long line when wrap in 'printoptions' is enabled). | |
744 | |
745 If the formfeed character is the last character on a line, then printing will | |
746 continue on the second line of the new page, not the first. This is due to | |
11473 | 747 Vim processing the end of the line after the formfeed character and moving |
15 | 748 down a line to continue printing. |
749 | |
750 Due to the points made above it is recommended that when formfeed character | |
751 processing is enabled, printing of line numbers is disabled, and that form | |
752 feed characters are not the last character on a line. Even then you may need | |
753 to adjust the number of lines before a formfeed character to prevent | |
754 accidental blank pages. | |
755 | |
756 ============================================================================== | |
14421 | 757 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |