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1 *print.txt* For Vim version 7.0aa. Last change: 2004 Jul 05
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2
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3
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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5
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6
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7 Printing *printing*
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8
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9 1. Introduction |print-intro|
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10 2. Print options |print-options|
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11 3. PostScript Printing |postscript-printing|
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12 4. PostScript Printing Encoding |postscript-print-encoding|
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13 5. PostScript CJK Printing |postscript-cjk-printing|
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14 6. PostScript Printing Troubleshooting |postscript-print-trouble|
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15 7. PostScript Utilities |postscript-print-util|
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16 8. Formfeed Characters |printing-formfeed|
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17
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18 {Vi has None of this}
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19 {only available when compiled with the |+printer| feature}
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20
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21 ==============================================================================
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22 1. Introduction *print-intro*
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23
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24 On MS-Windows Vim can print your text on any installed printer. On other
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25 systems a PostScript file is produced. This can be directly sent to a
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26 PostScript printer. For other printers a program like ghostscript needs to be
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27 used.
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28
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29 *:ha* *:hardcopy* *E237* *E238* *E324*
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30 :[range]ha[rdcopy][!] [arguments]
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31 Send [range] lines (default whole file) to the
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32 printer.
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33
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34 On MS-Windows a dialog is displayed to allow selection
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35 of printer, paper size etc. To skip the dialog, use
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36 the [!]. In this case the printer defined by
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37 'printdevice' is used, or, if 'printdevice' is empty,
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38 the system default printer.
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39
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40 For systems other than MS-Windows, PostScript is
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41 written in a temp file and 'printexpr' is used to
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42 actually print it. Then [arguments] can be used by
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43 'printexpr' through |v:cmdarg|. Otherwise [arguments]
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44 is ignored. 'printoptions' can be used to specify
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45 paper size, duplex, etc.
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46
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47 :[range]ha[rdcopy][!] >{filename}
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48 As above, but write the resulting PostScript in file
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49 {filename}.
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50 Things like "%" are expanded |cmdline-special|
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51 Careful: An existing file is silently overwritten.
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52 {only available when compiled with the |+postscript|
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53 feature}
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54 On MS-Windows use the "print to file" feature of the
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55 printer driver.
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56
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57 Progress is displayed during printing as a page number and a percentage. To
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58 abort printing use the interrupt key (CTRL-C or, on MS-systems, CTRL-Break).
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59
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60 Printer output is controlled by the 'printfont' and 'printoptions' options.
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61 'printheader' specifies the format of a page header.
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62
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63 The printed file is always limited to the selected margins, irrespective of
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64 the current window's 'wrap' or 'linebreak' settings. The "wrap" item in
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65 'printoptions' can be used to switch wrapping off.
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66 The current highlighting colors are used in the printout, with the following
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67 considerations:
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68 1) The normal background is always rendered as white (i.e. blank paper.)
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69 2) White text or the default foreground is rendered as black, so that it shows
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70 up!
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71 3) If 'background' is "dark", then the colours are darkened to compensate for
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72 the fact that otherwise they would be too bright to show up clearly on
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73 white paper.
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74
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75 ==============================================================================
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76 2. Print options *print-options*
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77
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78 Here are the details for the options that change the way printing is done.
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79 For generic info about setting options see |options.txt|.
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80
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81 *pdev-option*
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82 'printdevice' 'pdev' string (default empty)
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83 global
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84 This defines the name of the printer to be used when the |:hardcopy| command
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85 is issued with a bang (!) to skip the printer selection dialog. On Win32, it
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86 should be the printer name exactly as it appears in the standard printer
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87 dialog.
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88 If the option is empty, then vim will use the system default printer for
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89 ":hardcopy!"
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90
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91 *penc-option* *E620*
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92 'printencoding' 'penc' String (default empty, except for:
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93 Windows, OS/2: cp1252,
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94 Macintosh: mac-roman,
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95 VMS: dec-mcs,
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96 HPUX: hp-roman8,
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97 EBCDIC: ebcdic-uk)
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98 global
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99 Sets the character encoding used when printing. This option tells VIM which
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100 print character encoding file from the "print" directory in 'runtimepath' to
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101 use.
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102
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103 This option will accept any value from |encoding-names|. Any recognized names
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104 are converted to VIM standard names - see 'encoding' for more details. Names
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105 not recognized by VIM will just be converted to lower case and underscores
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106 replaced with '-' signs.
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107
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108 If 'printencoding' is empty or VIM cannot find the file then it will use
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109 'encoding' (if VIM is compiled with |+multi_byte| and it is set an 8-bit
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110 encoding) to find the print character encoding file. If VIM is unable to find
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111 a character encoding file then it will use the "latin1" print character
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112 encoding file.
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113
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114 When 'encoding' is set to a multi-byte encoding, VIM will try to convert
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115 characters to the printing encoding for printing (if 'printencoding' is empty
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116 then the conversion will be to latin1). Conversion to a printing encoding
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117 other than latin1 will require VIM to be compiled with the |+iconv| feature.
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118 If no conversion is possible then printing will fail. Any characters that
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119 cannot be converted will be replaced with upside down question marks.
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120
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121 Four print character encoding files are provided to support default Mac, VMS,
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122 HPUX, and EBCDIC character encodings and are used by default on these
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123 platforms. Code page 1252 print character encoding is used by default on
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124 Windows and OS/2 platforms.
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125
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126 *pexpr-option*
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127 'printexpr' 'pexpr' String (default: see below)
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128 global
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129 Expression that is evaluated to print the PostScript produced with
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130 |:hardcopy|.
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131 The file name to be printed is in |v:fname_in|.
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132 The arguments to the ":hardcopy" command are in |v:cmdarg|.
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133 The expression must take care of deleting the file after printing it.
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134 When there is an error, the expression must return a non-zero number.
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135 If there is no error, return zero or an empty string.
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136 The default for non MS-Windows or VMS systems is to simply use "lpr" to print
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137 the file: >
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138
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139 system('lpr' . (&printdevice == '' ? '' : ' -P' . &printdevice)
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140 . ' ' . v:fname_in) . delete(v:fname_in) + v:shell_error
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141
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142 On MS-Dos, MS-Windows and OS/2 machines the default is to copy the file to the
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143 currently specified printdevice: >
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144
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145 system('copy' . ' ' . v:fname_in . (&printdevice == ''
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146 ? ' LPT1:' : (' \"' . &printdevice . '\"')))
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147 . delete(v:fname_in)
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148
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149 On VMS machines the default is to send the file to either the default or
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150 currently specified printdevice: >
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151
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152 system('print' . (&printdevice == '' ? '' : ' /queue=' .
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153 &printdevice) . ' ' . v:fname_in) . delete(v:fname_in)
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154
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155 If you change this option, using a function is an easy way to avoid having to
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156 escape all the spaces. Example: >
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157
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158 :set printexpr=PrintFile(v:fname_in)
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159 :function PrintFile(fname)
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160 : call system("ghostview " . a:fname)
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161 : call delete(a:fname)
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162 : return v:shell_error
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163 :endfunc
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164
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165 Be aware that some print programs return control before they have read the
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166 file. If you delete the file too soon it will not be printed. These programs
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167 usually offer an option to have them remove the file when printing is done.
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168 *E365*
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169 If evaluating the expression fails or it results in a non-zero number, you get
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170 an error message. In that case Vim will delete the file. In the default
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171 value for non-MS-Windows a trick is used: Adding "v:shell_error" will result
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172 in a non-zero number when the system() call fails.
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173
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174 This option cannot be set from a |modeline| or in the |sandbox|, for security
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175 reasons.
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176
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177 *pfn-option* *E613*
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178 'printfont' 'pfn' string (default "courier")
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179 global
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180 This is the name of the font that will be used for the |:hardcopy| command's
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181 output. It has the same format as the 'guifont' option, except that only one
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182 font may be named, and the special "guifont=*" syntax is not available.
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183
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184 In the Win32 GUI version this specifies a font name with its extra attributes,
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185 as with the 'guifont' option.
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186
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187 For other systems, only ":h11" is recognized, where "11" is the point size of
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188 the font. When omitted, the point size is 10.
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189
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190 *pheader-option*
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191 'printheader' 'pheader' string (default "%<%f%h%m%=Page %N")
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192 global
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193 This defines the format of the header produced in |:hardcopy| output. The
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194 option is defined in the same way as the 'statusline' option. If Vim has not
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195 been compiled with the |+statusline| feature, this option has no effect and a
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196 simple default header is used, which shows the page number.
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197
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198 *pmbcs-option*
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199 'printmbcharset' 'pmbcs' string (default "")
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200 global
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201 Sets the CJK character set to be used when generating CJK output from
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202 |:hardcopy|. The following predefined values are currently recognised by VIM:
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203
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204 Value Description ~
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205 Chinese GB_2312-80
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206 (Simplified) GBT_12345-90
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207 MAC Apple Mac Simplified Chinese
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208 GBT-90_MAC GB/T 12345-90 Apple Mac Simplified
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209 Chinese
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210 GBK GBK (GB 13000.1-93)
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211 ISO10646 ISO 10646-1:1993
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212
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213 Chinese CNS_1993 CNS 11643-1993, Planes 1 & 2
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214 (Traditional) BIG5
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215 ETEN Big5 with ETen extensions
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216 ISO10646 ISO 10646-1:1993
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217
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218 Japanese JIS_C_1978
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219 JIS_X_1983
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220 JIS_X_1990
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221 MSWINDOWS Win3.1/95J (JIS X 1997 + NEC +
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222 IBM extensions)
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223 KANJITALK6 Apple Mac KanjiTalk V6.x
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224 KANJITALK7 Apple Mac KanjiTalk V7.x
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225
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226 Korean KS_X_1992
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227 MAC Apple Macintosh Korean
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228 MSWINDOWS KS X 1992 with MS extensions
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229 ISO10646 ISO 10646-1:1993
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230
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231 Only certain combinations of the above values and 'printencoding' are
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232 possible. The following tables show the valid combinations:
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233
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234 euc-cn gbk ucs-2 utf-8 ~
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235 Chinese GB_2312-80 x
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236 (Simplified) GBT_12345-90 x
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237 MAC x
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238 GBT-90_MAC x
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239 GBK x
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240 ISO10646 x x
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241
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242 euc-tw big5 ucs-2 utf-8 ~
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243 Chinese CNS_1993 x
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244 (Traditional) BIG5 x
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245 ETEN x
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246 ISO10646 x x
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247
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248 euc-jp sjis ucs-2 utf-8 ~
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249 Japanese JIS_C_1978 x x
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250 JIS_X_1983 x x
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251 JIS_X_1990 x x x
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252 MSWINDOWS x
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253 KANJITALK6 x
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254 KANJITALK7 x
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255
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256 euc-kr cp949 ucs-2 utf-8 ~
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257 Korean KS_X_1992 x
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258 MAC x
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259 MSWINDOWS x
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260 ISO10646 x x
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261
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262 To set up the correct encoding and character set for printing some
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263 Japanese text you would do the following; >
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264 :set printencoding=euc-jp
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265 :set printmbcharset=JIS_X_1983
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266
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267 If 'printmbcharset' is not one of the above values then it is assumed to
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268 specify a custom multi-byte character set and no check will be made that it is
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269 compatible with the value for 'printencoding'. VIM will look for a file
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270 defining the character set in the "print" directory in 'runtimepath'.
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271
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272 *pmbfn-option*
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273 'printmbfont' 'pmbfn' string (default "")
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274 global
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275 This is a comma-separated list of fields for font names to be used when
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276 generating CJK output from |:hardcopy|. Each font name has to be preceded
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277 with a letter indicating the style the font is to be used for as follows:
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278
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279 r:{font-name} font to use for normal characters
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280 b:{font-name} font to use for bold characters
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281 i:{font-name} font to use for italic characters
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282 o:{font-name} font to use for bold-italic characters
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283
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284 A field with the r: prefix must be specified when doing CJK printing. The
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285 other fontname specifiers are optional. If a specifier is missing then
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286 another font will be used as follows:
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287
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288 if b: is missing, then use r:
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289 if i: is missing, then use r:
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290 if o: is missing, then use i:
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291
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292 Some CJK fonts do not contain characters for codes in the ASCII code range.
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293 Also, some characters in the CJK ASCII code ranges differ in a few code points
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294 from traditional ASCII characters. There are two additional fields to control
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295 printing of characters in the ASCII code range.
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296
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297 c:yes Use Courier font for characters in the ASCII
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298 c:no (default) code range.
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299
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300 a:yes Use ASCII character set for codes in the ASCII
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301 a:no (default) code range.
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302
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303 The following is an example of specifying two multi-byte fonts, one for normal
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304 and italic printing and one for bold and bold-italic printing, and using
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305 Courier to print codes in the ASCII code range but using the national
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306 character set: >
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307 :set printmbfont=r:WadaMin-Regular,b:WadaMin-Bold,c:yes
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308 <
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309 *popt-option*
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310 'printoptions' 'popt' string (default "")
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311 global
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312 This is a comma-separated list of items that control the format of the output
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313 of |:hardcopy|:
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314
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315 left:{spec} left margin (default: 10pc)
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316 right:{spec} right margin (default: 5pc)
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317 top:{spec} top margin (default: 5pc)
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318 bottom:{spec} bottom margin (default: 5pc)
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319 {spec} is a number followed by "in" for inches, "pt"
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320 for points (1 point is 1/72 of an inch), "mm" for
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321 millimeters or "pc" for a percentage of the media
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322 size.
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323 Weird example:
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324 left:2in,top:30pt,right:16mm,bottom:3pc
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325 If the unit is not recognized there is no error and
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326 the default value is used.
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327
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328 header:{nr} Number of lines to reserve for the header.
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329 Only the first line is actually filled, thus when {nr}
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330 is 2 there is one empty line. The header is formatted
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331 according to 'printheader'.
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332 header:0 Do not print a header.
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333 header:2 (default) Use two lines for the header
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334
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335 syntax:n Do not use syntax highlighting. This is faster and
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336 thus useful when printing large files.
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337 syntax:y Do syntax highlighting.
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338 syntax:a (default) Use syntax highlighting if the printer appears to be
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339 able to print color or grey.
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340
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341 number:y Include line numbers in the printed output.
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342 number:n (default) No line numbers.
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343
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344 wrap:y (default) Wrap long lines.
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345 wrap:n Truncate long lines.
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346
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347 duplex:off Print on one side.
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348 duplex:long (default) Print on both sides (when possible), bind on long
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349 side.
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350 duplex:short Print on both sides (when possible), bind on short
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351 side.
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352
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353 collate:y (default) Collating: 1 2 3, 1 2 3, 1 2 3
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354 collate:n No collating: 1 1 1, 2 2 2, 3 3 3
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355
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356 jobsplit:n (default) Do all copies in one print job
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357 jobsplit:y Do each copy as a separate print job. Useful when
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358 doing N-up postprocessing.
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359
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360 portrait:y (default) Orientation is portrait.
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361 portrait:n Orientation is landscape.
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362 *a4* *letter*
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363 paper:A4 (default) Paper size: A4
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364 paper:{name} Paper size from this table:
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365 {name} size in cm size in inch ~
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366 10x14 25.4 x 35.57 10 x 14
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367 A3 29.7 x 42 11.69 x 16.54
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368 A4 21 x 29.7 8.27 x 11.69
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369 A5 14.8 x 21 5.83 x 8.27
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370 B4 25 x 35.3 10.12 x 14.33
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371 B5 17.6 x 25 7.17 x 10.12
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372 executive 18.42 x 26.67 7.25 x 10.5
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373 folio 21 x 33 8.27 x 13
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374 ledger 43.13 x 27.96 17 x 11
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375 legal 21.59 x 35.57 8.5 x 14
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376 letter 21.59 x 27.96 8.5 x 11
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377 quarto 21.59 x 27.5 8.5 x 10.83
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378 statement 13.97 x 21.59 5.5 x 8.5
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379 tabloid 27.96 x 43.13 11 x 17
|
|
|
380
|
|
|
381 formfeed:n (default) Treat form feed characters (0x0c) as a normal print
|
|
|
382 character.
|
|
|
383 formfeed:y When a form feed character is encountered, continue
|
|
|
384 printing of the current line at the beginning of the
|
|
|
385 first line on a new page.
|
|
|
386
|
|
|
387 The item indicated with (default) is used when the item is not present. The
|
|
|
388 values are not always used, especially when using a dialog to select the
|
|
|
389 printer and options.
|
|
|
390 Example: >
|
|
|
391 :set printoptions=paper:letter,duplex:off
|
|
|
392
|
|
|
393 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
394 3. PostScript Printing *postscript-printing*
|
|
|
395 *E455* *E456* *E457* *E624*
|
|
|
396 Provided you have enough disk space there should be no problems generating a
|
|
|
397 PostScript file. You need to have the runtime files correctly installed (if
|
|
|
398 you can find the help files, they probably are).
|
|
|
399
|
|
|
400 There are currently a number of limitations with PostScript printing:
|
|
|
401
|
|
|
402 - 'printfont' - The font name is ignored (the Courier family is always used -
|
|
|
403 it should be available on all PostScript printers) but the font size is
|
|
|
404 used.
|
|
|
405
|
|
|
406 - 'printoptions' - The duplex setting is used when generating PostScript
|
|
|
407 output, but it is up to the printer to take notice of the setting. If the
|
|
|
408 printer does not support duplex printing then it should be silently ignored.
|
|
|
409 Some printers, however, don't print at all.
|
|
|
410
|
|
|
411 - 8-bit support - While a number of 8-bit print character encodings are
|
|
|
412 supported it is possible that some characters will not print. Whether a
|
|
|
413 character will print depends on the font in the printer knowing the
|
|
|
414 character. Missing characters will be replaced with an upside down question
|
|
|
415 mark, or a space if that character is also not known by the font. It may be
|
|
|
416 possible to get all the characters in an encoding to print by installing a
|
|
|
417 new version of the Courier font family.
|
|
|
418
|
|
|
419 - Multi-byte support - Currently VIM will try to convert multi-byte characters
|
|
|
420 to the 8-bit encoding specified by 'printencoding' (or latin1 if it is
|
|
|
421 empty). Any characters that are not successfully converted are shown as
|
|
|
422 unknown characters. Printing will fail if VIM cannot convert the multi-byte
|
|
|
423 to the 8-bit encoding.
|
|
|
424
|
|
|
425 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
426 4. Custom 8-bit Print Character Encodings *postscript-print-encoding*
|
|
|
427 *E618* *E619*
|
|
|
428 To use your own print character encoding when printing 8-bit character data
|
|
|
429 you need to define your own PostScript font encoding vector. Details on how
|
|
|
430 to to define a font encoding vector is beyond the scope of this help file, but
|
|
|
431 you can find details in the PostScript Language Reference Manual, 3rd Edition,
|
|
|
432 published by Addison-Wesley and available in PDF form at
|
|
|
433 http://www.adobe.com/. The following describes what you need to do for VIM to
|
|
|
434 locate and use your print character encoding.
|
|
|
435
|
|
|
436 i. Decide on a unique name for your encoding vector, one that does not clash
|
|
|
437 with any of the recognized or standard encoding names that VIM uses (see
|
|
|
438 |encoding-names| for a list), and that no one else is likely to use.
|
|
|
439 ii. Copy $VIMRUNTIME/print/latin1.ps to the print subdirectory in your
|
|
|
440 'runtimepath' and rename it with your unique name.
|
|
|
441 iii. Edit your renamed copy of latin1.ps, replacing all occurrences of latin1
|
|
|
442 with your unique name (don't forget the line starting %%Title:), and
|
|
|
443 modify the array of glyph names to define your new encoding vector. The
|
|
|
444 array must have exactly 256 entries or you will not be able to print!
|
|
|
445 iv. Within VIM, set 'printencoding' to your unique encoding name and then
|
|
|
446 print your file. VIM will now use your custom print character encoding.
|
|
|
447
|
|
|
448 VIM will report an error with the resource file if you change the order or
|
|
|
449 content of the first 3 lines, other than the name of the encoding on the line
|
|
|
450 starting %%Title: or the version number on the line starting %%Version:.
|
|
|
451
|
|
|
452 [Technical explanation for those that know PostScript - VIM looks for a file
|
|
|
453 with the same name as the encoding it will use when printing. The file
|
|
|
454 defines a new PostScript Encoding resource called /VIM-name, where name is the
|
|
|
455 print character encoding VIM will use.]
|
|
|
456
|
|
|
457 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
458 5. PostScript CJK Printing *postscript-cjk-printing*
|
|
|
459 *E673* *E674* *E675*
|
|
|
460
|
|
|
461 VIM supports printing of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean files. Setting up VIM
|
|
|
462 to correctly print CJK files requires setting up a few more options.
|
|
|
463
|
|
|
464 Each of these countries has many standard character sets and encodings which
|
|
|
465 require that both be specified when printing. In addition, CJK fonts normally
|
|
|
466 do not have the concept of italic glyphs and use different weight or stroke
|
|
|
467 style to achieve emphasis when printing. This in turn requires a different
|
|
|
468 approach to specifying fonts to use when printing.
|
|
|
469
|
|
|
470 The encoding and character set are specified with the 'printencoding' and
|
|
|
471 'printmbcharset' options. If 'printencoding' is not specified then 'encoding'
|
|
|
472 is used as normal. If 'printencoding' is specified then characters will be
|
|
|
473 translated to this encoding for printing. You should ensure that the encoding
|
|
|
474 is compatible with the character set needed for the file contents or some
|
|
|
475 characters may not appear when printed.
|
|
|
476
|
|
|
477 The fonts to use for CJK printing are specified with 'printmbfont'. This
|
|
|
478 option allows you to specify different fonts to use when printing characters
|
|
|
479 which are syntax highlighted with the font styles normal, italic, bold and
|
|
|
480 bold-italic.
|
|
|
481
|
|
|
482 No CJK fonts are supplied with VIM. There are some free Korean, Japanese, and
|
|
|
483 Traditional Chinese fonts available at:
|
|
|
484
|
|
|
485 http://examples.oreilly.com/cjkvinfo/adobe/samples/
|
|
|
486
|
|
|
487 You can find descriptions of the various fonts in the read me file at
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
489 http://examples.oreilly.com/cjkvinfo/adobe/00README
|
|
|
490
|
|
|
491 Please read your printer documentation on how to install new fonts.
|
|
|
492
|
|
|
493 CJK fonts can be large containing several thousand glyphs, and it is not
|
|
|
494 uncommon to find that they only contain a subset of a national standard. It
|
|
|
495 is not unusual to find the fonts to not include characters for codes in the
|
|
|
496 ASCII code range. If you find half-width Roman characters are not appearing
|
|
|
497 in your printout then you should configure VIM to use the Courier font the
|
|
|
498 half-width ASCII characters with 'printmbfont'. If your font does not include
|
|
|
499 other characters then you will need to find another font that does.
|
|
|
500
|
|
|
501 Another issue with ASCII characters, is that the various national character
|
|
|
502 sets specify a couple of different glyphs in the ASCII code range. If you
|
|
|
503 print ASCII text using the national character set you may see some unexpected
|
|
|
504 characters. If you want true ASCII code printing then you need to configure
|
|
|
505 VIM to output ASCII characters for the ASCII code range with 'printmbfont'.
|
|
|
506
|
|
|
507 It is possible to define your own multi-byte character set although this
|
|
|
508 should not be attempted lightly. A discussion on the process if beyond the
|
|
|
509 scope of these help files. You can find details on CMap (character map) files
|
|
|
510 in the document 'Adobe CMap and CIDFont Files Specification, Version 1.0',
|
|
|
511 available from http://www.adobe.com as a PDF file.
|
|
|
512
|
|
|
513 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
514 6. PostScript Printing Troubleshooting *postscript-print-trouble*
|
|
|
515 *E621*
|
|
|
516 Usually the only sign of a problem when printing with PostScript is that your
|
|
|
517 printout does not appear. If you are lucky you may get a printed page that
|
|
|
518 tells you the PostScript operator that generated the error that prevented the
|
|
|
519 print job completing.
|
|
|
520
|
|
|
521 There are a number of possible causes as to why the printing may have failed:
|
|
|
522
|
|
|
523 - Wrong version of the prolog resource file. The prolog resource file
|
|
|
524 contains some PostScript that VIM needs to be able to print. Each version
|
|
|
525 of VIM needs one particular version. Make sure you have correctly installed
|
|
|
526 the runtime files, and don't have any old versions of a file called prolog
|
|
|
527 in the print directory in your 'runtimepath' directory.
|
|
|
528
|
|
|
529 - Paper size. Some PostScript printers will abort printing a file if they do
|
|
|
530 not support the requested paper size. By default VIM uses A4 paper. Find
|
|
|
531 out what size paper your printer normally uses and set the appropriate paper
|
|
|
532 size with 'printoptions'. If you cannot find the name of the paper used,
|
|
|
533 measure a sheet and compare it with the table of supported paper sizes listed
|
|
|
534 for 'printoptions', using the paper that is closest in both width AND height.
|
|
|
535 Note: The dimensions of actual paper may vary slightly from the ones listed.
|
|
|
536 If there is no paper listed close enough, then you may want to try psresize
|
|
|
537 from PSUtils, discussed below.
|
|
|
538
|
|
|
539 - Two-sided printing (duplex). Normally a PostScript printer that does not
|
|
|
540 support two-sided printing will ignore any request to do it. However, some
|
|
|
541 printers may abort the job altogether. Try printing with duplex turned off.
|
|
|
542 Note: Duplex prints can be achieved manually using PS utils - see below.
|
|
|
543
|
|
|
544 - Collated printing. As with Duplex printing, most PostScript printers that
|
|
|
545 do not support collating printouts will ignore a request to do so. Some may
|
|
|
546 not. Try printing with collation turned off.
|
|
|
547
|
|
|
548 - Syntax highlighting. Some print management code may prevent the generated
|
|
|
549 PostScript file from being printed on a black and white printer when syntax
|
|
|
550 highlighting is turned on, even if solid black is the only color used. Try
|
|
|
551 printing with syntax highlighting turned off.
|
|
|
552
|
|
|
553 A safe printoptions setting to try is: >
|
|
|
554
|
|
|
555 :set printoptions=paper:A4,duplex:off,collate:n,syntax:n
|
|
|
556
|
|
|
557 Replace "A4" with the paper size that best matches your printer paper.
|
|
|
558
|
|
|
559 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
560 7. PostScript Utilities *postscript-print-util*
|
|
|
561
|
|
|
562 7.1 Ghostscript
|
|
|
563
|
|
|
564 Ghostscript is a PostScript and PDF interpreter that can be used to display
|
|
|
565 and print on non-PostScript printers PostScript and PDF files. It can also
|
|
|
566 generate PDF files from PostScript.
|
|
|
567
|
|
|
568 Ghostscript will run on a wide variety of platforms.
|
|
|
569
|
|
|
570 There are three available versions:
|
|
|
571
|
|
|
572 - AFPL Ghostscript (formerly Aladdin Ghostscript) which is free for
|
|
|
573 non-commercial use. It can be obtained from:
|
|
|
574
|
|
|
575 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/
|
|
|
576
|
|
|
577 - GNU Ghostscript which is available under the GNU General Public License. It
|
|
|
578 can be obtained from:
|
|
|
579
|
|
|
580 ftp://mirror.cs.wisc.edu/pub/mirrors/ghost/gnu/
|
|
|
581
|
|
|
582 - A commercial version for inclusion in commercial products.
|
|
|
583
|
|
|
584 Additional information on Ghostscript can also be found at:
|
|
|
585
|
|
|
586 http://www.ghostscript.com/
|
|
|
587
|
|
|
588 Support for a number of non PostScript printers is provided in the
|
|
|
589 distribution as standard, but if you cannot find support for your printer
|
|
|
590 check the Ghostscript site for other printers not included by default.
|
|
|
591
|
|
|
592
|
|
|
593 7.2 Ghostscript Previewers.
|
|
|
594
|
|
|
595 The interface to Ghostscript is very primitive so a number of graphical front
|
|
|
596 ends have been created. These allow easier PostScript file selection,
|
|
|
597 previewing at different zoom levels, and printing. Check supplied
|
|
|
598 documentation for full details.
|
|
|
599
|
|
|
600 X11
|
|
|
601
|
|
|
602 - Ghostview. Obtainable from:
|
|
|
603
|
|
|
604 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gv/
|
|
|
605
|
|
|
606 - gv. Derived from Ghostview. Obtainable from:
|
|
|
607
|
|
|
608 http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~plass/gv/
|
|
|
609
|
|
|
610 Copies (possibly not the most recent) can be found at:
|
|
|
611
|
|
|
612 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gv/
|
|
|
613
|
|
|
614 OpenVMS
|
|
|
615
|
|
|
616 - Is apparently supported in the main code now (untested). See:
|
|
|
617
|
|
|
618 http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~plass/gv/
|
|
|
619
|
|
|
620 Windows and OS/2
|
|
|
621
|
|
|
622 - GSview. Obtainable from:
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
624 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/
|
|
|
625
|
|
|
626 DOS
|
|
|
627
|
|
|
628 - ps_view. Obtainable from:
|
|
|
629
|
|
|
630 ftp://ftp.pg.gda.pl/pub/TeX/support/ps_view/
|
|
|
631 ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/support/ps_view/
|
|
|
632
|
|
|
633 Linux
|
|
|
634
|
|
|
635 - GSview. Linux version of the popular Windows and OS/2 previewer.
|
|
|
636 Obtainable from:
|
|
|
637
|
|
|
638 http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/
|
|
|
639
|
|
|
640 - BMV. Different from Ghostview and gv in that it doesn't use X but svgalib.
|
|
|
641 Obtainable from:
|
|
|
642
|
|
|
643 ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/graphics/viewers/svga/bmv-1.2.tgz
|
|
|
644
|
|
|
645
|
|
|
646 7.3 PSUtils
|
|
|
647
|
|
|
648 PSUtils is a collection of utility programs for manipulating PostScript
|
|
|
649 documents. Binary distributions are available for many platforms, as well as
|
|
|
650 the full source. PSUtils can be found at:
|
|
|
651
|
|
|
652 http://knackered.org/angus/psutils
|
|
|
653
|
|
|
654 The utilities of interest include:
|
|
|
655
|
|
|
656 - psnup. Convert PS files for N-up printing.
|
|
|
657 - psselect. Select page range and order of printing.
|
|
|
658 - psresize. Change the page size.
|
|
|
659 - psbook. Reorder and lay out pages ready for making a book.
|
|
|
660
|
|
|
661 The output of one program can be used as the input to the next, allowing for
|
|
|
662 complex print document creation.
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
664
|
|
|
665 N-UP PRINTING
|
|
|
666
|
|
|
667 The psnup utility takes an existing PostScript file generated from VIM and
|
|
|
668 convert it to an n-up version. The simplest way to create a 2-up printout is
|
|
|
669 to first create a PostScript file with: >
|
|
|
670
|
|
|
671 :hardcopy > test.ps
|
|
|
672
|
|
|
673 Then on your command line execute: >
|
|
|
674
|
|
|
675 psnup -n 2 test.ps final.ps
|
|
|
676
|
|
|
677 Note: You may get warnings from some Ghostscript previewers for files produced
|
|
|
678 by psnup - these may safely be ignored.
|
|
|
679
|
|
|
680 Finally print the file final.ps to your PostScript printer with your
|
|
|
681 platform's print command. (You will need to delete the two PostScript files
|
|
|
682 afterwards yourself.) 'printexpr' could be modified to perform this extra
|
|
|
683 step before printing.
|
|
|
684
|
|
|
685
|
|
|
686 ALTERNATE DUPLEX PRINTING
|
|
|
687
|
|
|
688 It is possible to achieve a poor man's version of duplex printing using the PS
|
|
|
689 utility psselect. This utility has options -e and -o for printing just the
|
|
|
690 even or odd pages of a PS file respectively.
|
|
|
691
|
|
|
692 First generate a PS file with the 'hardcopy' command, then generate a new
|
|
|
693 files with all the odd and even numbered pages with: >
|
|
|
694
|
|
|
695 psselect -o test.ps odd.ps
|
|
|
696 psselect -e test.ps even.ps
|
|
|
697
|
|
|
698 Next print odd.ps with your platform's normal print command. Then take the
|
|
|
699 print output, turn it over and place it back in the paper feeder. Now print
|
|
|
700 even.ps with your platform's print command. All the even pages should now
|
|
|
701 appear on the back of the odd pages.
|
|
|
702
|
|
|
703 There a couple of points to bear in mind:
|
|
|
704
|
|
|
705 1. Position of the first page. If the first page is on top of the printout
|
|
|
706 when printing the odd pages then you need to reverse the order that the odd
|
|
|
707 pages are printed. This can be done with the -r option to psselect. This
|
|
|
708 will ensure page 2 is printed on the back of page 1.
|
|
|
709 Note: it is better to reverse the odd numbered pages rather than the even
|
|
|
710 numbered in case there are an odd number of pages in the original PS file.
|
|
|
711
|
|
|
712 2. Paper flipping. When turning over the paper with the odd pages printed on
|
|
|
713 them you may have to either flip them horizontally (along the long edge) or
|
|
|
714 vertically (along the short edge), as well as possibly rotating them 180
|
|
|
715 degrees. All this depends on the printer - it will be more obvious for
|
|
|
716 desktop ink jets than for small office laser printers where the paper path
|
|
|
717 is hidden from view.
|
|
|
718
|
|
|
719
|
|
|
720 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
721 8. Formfeed Characters *printing-formfeed*
|
|
|
722
|
|
|
723 By default VIM does not do any special processing of |formfeed| control
|
|
|
724 characters. Setting the 'printoptions' formfeed item will make VIM recognize
|
|
|
725 formfeed characters and continue printing the current line at the beginning
|
|
|
726 of the first line on a new page. The use of formfeed characters provides
|
|
|
727 rudimentary print control but there are certain things to be aware of.
|
|
|
728
|
|
|
729 VIM will always start printing a line (including a line number if enabled)
|
|
|
730 containing a formfeed character, even if it is the first character on the
|
|
|
731 line. This means if a line starting with a formfeed character is the first
|
|
|
732 line of a page then VIM will print a blank page.
|
|
|
733
|
|
|
734 Since the line number is printed at the start of printing the line containing
|
|
|
735 the formfeed character, the remainder of the line printed on the new page
|
|
|
736 will not have a line number printed for it (in the same way as the wrapped
|
|
|
737 lines of a long line when wrap in 'printoptions' is enabled).
|
|
|
738
|
|
|
739 If the formfeed character is the last character on a line, then printing will
|
|
|
740 continue on the second line of the new page, not the first. This is due to
|
|
|
741 VIM processing the end of the line after the formfeed character and moving
|
|
|
742 down a line to continue printing.
|
|
|
743
|
|
|
744 Due to the points made above it is recommended that when formfeed character
|
|
|
745 processing is enabled, printing of line numbers is disabled, and that form
|
|
|
746 feed characters are not the last character on a line. Even then you may need
|
|
|
747 to adjust the number of lines before a formfeed character to prevent
|
|
|
748 accidental blank pages.
|
|
|
749
|
|
|
750 ==============================================================================
|
|
|
751 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
|
