annotate src/README.md @ 17779:87a8760babec v8.1.1886

patch 8.1.1886: command line expansion code is spread out commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/66b51420e0c8d49bcf6786b792c938d6099e3393 Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> Date: Sun Aug 18 21:44:12 2019 +0200 patch 8.1.1886: command line expansion code is spread out Problem: Command line expansion code is spread out. Solution: Move the code to cmdexpand.c. (Yegappan Lakshmanan, closes https://github.com/vim/vim/issues/4831)
author Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
date Sun, 18 Aug 2019 21:45:03 +0200
parents 4a3dca734d36
children 0a5c615cd949
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1 ![Vim Logo](https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/master/runtime/vimlogo.gif)
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3 # Vim source code #
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4
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5 Here are a few hints for finding your way around the source code. This
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6 doesn't make it less complex than it is, but it gets you started.
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7
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8 You might also want to read
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9 [`:help development`](http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/develop.html#development).
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12 ## Jumping around ##
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13
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14 First of all, use `:make tags` to generate a tags file, so that you can jump
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15 around in the source code.
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16
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17 To jump to a function or variable definition, move the cursor on the name and
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18 use the `CTRL-]` command. Use `CTRL-T` or `CTRL-O` to jump back.
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19
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20 To jump to a file, move the cursor on its name and use the `gf` command.
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22 Most code can be found in a file with an obvious name (incomplete list):
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24 File name | Description
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25 --------------- | -----------
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26 arglist.c | handling argument list
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27 autocmd.c | autocommands
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28 blob.c | blob data type
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29 buffer.c | manipulating buffers (loaded files)
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30 change.c | handling changes to text
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31 cmdexpand.c | command-line completion
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32 cmdhist.c | command-line history
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33 debugger.c | vim script debugger
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34 diff.c | diff mode (vimdiff)
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35 eval.c | expression evaluation
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36 evalfunc.c | built-in functions
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37 fileio.c | reading and writing files
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38 findfile.c | search for files in 'path'
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39 fold.c | folding
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40 getchar.c | getting characters and key mapping
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41 highlight.c | syntax highlighting
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42 indent.c | C and Lisp indentation
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43 insexpand.c | Insert mode completion
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44 mark.c | marks
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45 map.c | mapping and abbreviations
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46 mbyte.c | multi-byte character handling
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47 memfile.c | storing lines for buffers in a swapfile
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48 memline.c | storing lines for buffers in memory
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49 menu.c | menus
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50 message.c | (error) messages
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51 ops.c | handling operators ("d", "y", "p")
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52 option.c | options
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53 popupmnu.c | popup menu
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54 popupwin.c | popup window
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55 profiler.c | vim script profiler
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56 quickfix.c | quickfix commands (":make", ":cn")
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57 regexp.c | pattern matching
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58 screen.c | updating the windows
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59 search.c | pattern searching
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60 session.c | sessions and views
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61 sign.c | signs
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62 spell.c | spell checking
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63 syntax.c | syntax and other highlighting
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64 tag.c | tags
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65 term.c | terminal handling, termcap codes
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66 testing.c | testing: assert and test functions
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67 textprop.c | text properties
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68 undo.c | undo and redo
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69 usercmd.c | user defined commands
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70 userfunc.c | user defined functions
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71 viminfo.c | viminfo handling
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72 window.c | handling split windows
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73
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74
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75 ## Debugging ##
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76
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77 If you have a reasonable recent version of gdb, you can use the `:Termdebug`
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78 command to debug Vim. See `:help :Termdebug`.
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79
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80 When something is time critical or stepping through code is a hassle, use the
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81 channel logging to create a time-stamped log file. Add lines to the code like
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82 this:
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83
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84 ch_log(NULL, "Value is now %02x", value);
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85
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86 After compiling and starting Vim, do:
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87
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88 :call ch_logfile('debuglog', 'w')
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89
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90 And edit `debuglog` to see what happens. The channel functions already have
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91 `ch_log()` calls, thus you always see that in the log.
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92
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93
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94 ## Important Variables ##
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95
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96 The current mode is stored in `State`. The values it can have are `NORMAL`,
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97 `INSERT`, `CMDLINE`, and a few others.
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98
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99 The current window is `curwin`. The current buffer is `curbuf`. These point
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100 to structures with the cursor position in the window, option values, the file
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101 name, etc. These are defined in
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102 [`structs.h`](https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/master/src/structs.h).
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103
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104 All the global variables are declared in
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105 [`globals.h`](https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/master/src/globals.h).
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106
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107
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108 ## The main loop ##
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109
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110 This is conveniently called `main_loop()`. It updates a few things and then
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111 calls `normal_cmd()` to process a command. This returns when the command is
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112 finished.
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113
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114 The basic idea is that Vim waits for the user to type a character and
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115 processes it until another character is needed. Thus there are several places
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116 where Vim waits for a character to be typed. The `vgetc()` function is used
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117 for this. It also handles mapping.
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118
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119 Updating the screen is mostly postponed until a command or a sequence of
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120 commands has finished. The work is done by `update_screen()`, which calls
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121 `win_update()` for every window, which calls `win_line()` for every line.
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122 See the start of
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123 [`screen.c`](https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/master/src/screen.c)
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124 for more explanations.
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125
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126
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127 ## Command-line mode ##
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128
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129 When typing a `:`, `normal_cmd()` will call `getcmdline()` to obtain a line
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130 with an Ex command. `getcmdline()` contains a loop that will handle each typed
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131 character. It returns when hitting `CR` or `Esc` or some other character that
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132 ends the command line mode.
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133
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134
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135 ## Ex commands ##
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136
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137 Ex commands are handled by the function `do_cmdline()`. It does the generic
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138 parsing of the `:` command line and calls `do_one_cmd()` for each separate
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139 command. It also takes care of while loops.
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140
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141 `do_one_cmd()` parses the range and generic arguments and puts them in the
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142 `exarg_t` and passes it to the function that handles the command.
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143
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144 The `:` commands are listed in `ex_cmds.h`. The third entry of each item is
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145 the name of the function that handles the command. The last entry are the
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146 flags that are used for the command.
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147
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148
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149 ## Normal mode commands ##
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150
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151 The Normal mode commands are handled by the `normal_cmd()` function. It also
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152 handles the optional count and an extra character for some commands. These
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153 are passed in a `cmdarg_t` to the function that handles the command.
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154
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155 There is a table `nv_cmds` in
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156 [`normal.c`](https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/master/src/normal.c)
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157 which lists the first character of every command. The second entry of each
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158 item is the name of the function that handles the command.
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159
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160
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161 ## Insert mode commands ##
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162
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163 When doing an `i` or `a` command, `normal_cmd()` will call the `edit()`
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164 function. It contains a loop that waits for the next character and handles it.
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165 It returns when leaving Insert mode.
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166
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167
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168 ## Options ##
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169
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170 There is a list with all option names in
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171 [`option.c`](https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/master/src/option.c),
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172 called `options[]`.
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173
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174
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175 ## The GUI ##
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176
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177 Most of the GUI code is implemented like it was a clever terminal. Typing a
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178 character, moving a scrollbar, clicking the mouse, etc. are all translated
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179 into events which are written in the input buffer. These are read by the
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180 main code, just like reading from a terminal. The code for this is scattered
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181 through [`gui.c`](https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/master/src/gui.c).
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182 For example, `gui_send_mouse_event()` for a mouse click and `gui_menu_cb()` for
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183 a menu action. Key hits are handled by the system-specific GUI code, which
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184 calls `add_to_input_buf()` to send the key code.
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185
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186 Updating the GUI window is done by writing codes in the output buffer, just
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187 like writing to a terminal. When the buffer gets full or is flushed,
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188 `gui_write()` will parse the codes and draw the appropriate items. Finally the
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189 system-specific GUI code will be called to do the work.
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190
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191
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192 ## Debugging the GUI ##
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193
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194 Remember to prevent that gvim forks and the debugger thinks Vim has exited,
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195 add the `-f` argument. In gdb: `run -f -g`.
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196
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197 When stepping through display updating code, the focus event is triggered
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198 when going from the debugger to Vim and back. To avoid this, recompile with
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199 some code in `gui_focus_change()` disabled.
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200
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201
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202 ## Contributing ##
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203
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204 If you would like to help making Vim better, see the
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205 [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
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206 file.
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207
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208
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209 This is `README.md` for version 8.1 of the Vim source code.