Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/mlang.txt @ 20873:69055d27e85e v8.2.0988
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Commit: https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/84cf6bd81bec93b49166cd48fccc7087fdbaa6fc
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Tue Jun 16 20:03:43 2020 +0200
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Problem: Getting directory contents is always case sorted.
Solution: Add sort options and v:collate. (Christian Brabandt, closes https://github.com/vim/vim/issues/6229)
| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Tue, 16 Jun 2020 20:15:05 +0200 |
| parents | af69c9335223 |
| children | 59f93c2d2551 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 18879 | 1 *mlang.txt* For Vim version 8.2. Last change: 2019 May 05 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Multi-language features *multilang* *multi-lang* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 This is about using messages and menus in various languages. For editing | |
| 10 multi-byte text see |multibyte|. | |
| 11 | |
| 12 The basics are explained in the user manual: |usr_45.txt|. | |
| 13 | |
| 14 1. Messages |multilang-messages| | |
| 15 2. Menus |multilang-menus| | |
| 16 3. Scripts |multilang-scripts| | |
| 17 | |
| 18 Also see |help-translated| for multi-language help. | |
| 19 | |
| 20 {not available when compiled without the |+multi_lang| feature} | |
| 21 | |
| 22 ============================================================================== | |
| 23 1. Messages *multilang-messages* | |
| 24 | |
| 25 Vim picks up the locale from the environment. In most cases this means Vim | |
| 26 will use the language that you prefer, unless it's not available. | |
| 27 | |
| 28 To see a list of supported locale names on your system, look in one of these | |
| 29 directories (for Unix): | |
| 30 /usr/lib/locale ~ | |
| 31 /usr/share/locale ~ | |
| 32 Unfortunately, upper/lowercase differences matter. Also watch out for the | |
| 33 use of "-" and "_". | |
| 34 | |
| 35 *:lan* *:lang* *:language* *E197* | |
| 36 :lan[guage] | |
| 37 :lan[guage] mes[sages] | |
| 38 :lan[guage] cty[pe] | |
| 39 :lan[guage] tim[e] | |
|
20873
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
40 :lan[guage] col[late] |
| 7 | 41 Print the current language (aka locale). |
| 42 With the "messages" argument the language used for | |
| 43 messages is printed. Technical: LC_MESSAGES. | |
| 44 With the "ctype" argument the language used for | |
| 45 character encoding is printed. Technical: LC_CTYPE. | |
| 46 With the "time" argument the language used for | |
| 47 strftime() is printed. Technical: LC_TIME. | |
|
20873
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
48 With the "collate" argument the language used for |
|
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
49 collation order is printed. Technical: LC_COLLATE. |
| 7 | 50 Without argument all parts of the locale are printed |
| 51 (this is system dependent). | |
| 52 The current language can also be obtained with the | |
|
20873
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
53 |v:lang|, |v:ctype|, |v:collate| and |v:lc_time| |
|
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
54 variables. |
| 7 | 55 |
| 56 :lan[guage] {name} | |
| 57 :lan[guage] mes[sages] {name} | |
| 58 :lan[guage] cty[pe] {name} | |
| 59 :lan[guage] tim[e] {name} | |
|
20873
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
60 :lan[guage] col[late] {name} |
| 7 | 61 Set the current language (aka locale) to {name}. |
| 62 The locale {name} must be a valid locale on your | |
| 63 system. Some systems accept aliases like "en" or | |
| 64 "en_US", but some only accept the full specification | |
|
2348
8878a9f8db87
Rename w_p_conceal to w_p_conc for consistency.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2345
diff
changeset
|
65 like "en_US.ISO_8859-1". On Unix systems you can use |
| 3281 | 66 this command to see what locales are supported: > |
|
2348
8878a9f8db87
Rename w_p_conceal to w_p_conc for consistency.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2345
diff
changeset
|
67 :!locale -a |
|
8878a9f8db87
Rename w_p_conceal to w_p_conc for consistency.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2345
diff
changeset
|
68 < With the "messages" argument the language used for |
| 7 | 69 messages is set. This can be different when you want, |
| 70 for example, English messages while editing Japanese | |
| 71 text. This sets $LC_MESSAGES. | |
| 72 With the "ctype" argument the language used for | |
| 73 character encoding is set. This affects the libraries | |
| 74 that Vim was linked with. It's unusual to set this to | |
| 2681 | 75 a different value from 'encoding' or "C". This sets |
| 7 | 76 $LC_CTYPE. |
| 77 With the "time" argument the language used for time | |
| 78 and date messages is set. This affects strftime(). | |
| 79 This sets $LC_TIME. | |
|
20873
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
80 With the "collate" argument the language used for the |
|
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
81 collation order is set. This affects sorting of |
|
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
82 characters. This sets $LC_COLLATE. |
|
69055d27e85e
patch 8.2.0988: getting directory contents is always case sorted
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
18879
diff
changeset
|
83 Without an argument all are set, and additionally |
| 7 | 84 $LANG is set. |
| 1619 | 85 When compiled with the |+float| feature the LC_NUMERIC |
| 86 value will always be set to "C", so that floating | |
| 87 point numbers use '.' as the decimal point. | |
| 7 | 88 This will make a difference for items that depend on |
| 89 the language (some messages, time and date format). | |
| 90 Not fully supported on all systems | |
| 91 If this fails there will be an error message. If it | |
| 92 succeeds there is no message. Example: > | |
| 93 :language | |
| 94 Current language: C | |
| 95 :language de_DE.ISO_8859-1 | |
| 96 :language mes | |
| 97 Current messages language: de_DE.ISO_8859-1 | |
| 98 :lang mes en | |
| 99 < | |
| 100 | |
| 101 MS-WINDOWS MESSAGE TRANSLATIONS *win32-gettext* | |
| 102 | |
| 103 If you used the self-installing .exe file, message translations should work | |
| 104 already. Otherwise get the libintl.dll file if you don't have it yet: | |
| 105 | |
| 106 http://sourceforge.net/projects/gettext | |
|
7659
07f11de5efca
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/85084ef1e999dcf50e8d466106a33bac24a0febb
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
5294
diff
changeset
|
107 Or: |
|
07f11de5efca
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/85084ef1e999dcf50e8d466106a33bac24a0febb
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
5294
diff
changeset
|
108 https://mlocati.github.io/gettext-iconv-windows/ |
| 7 | 109 |
| 110 This also contains tools xgettext, msgformat and others. | |
| 111 | |
|
14881
35aff6b8a2c7
patch 8.1.0452: MS-Windows: not finding intl.dll
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
14421
diff
changeset
|
112 libintl.dll should be placed in same directory as (g)vim.exe, or one of the |
|
35aff6b8a2c7
patch 8.1.0452: MS-Windows: not finding intl.dll
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
14421
diff
changeset
|
113 directories listed in the PATH environment value. Vim also looks for the |
|
35aff6b8a2c7
patch 8.1.0452: MS-Windows: not finding intl.dll
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
14421
diff
changeset
|
114 alternate names "libintl-8.dll" and "intl.dll". |
|
35aff6b8a2c7
patch 8.1.0452: MS-Windows: not finding intl.dll
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
14421
diff
changeset
|
115 |
|
7659
07f11de5efca
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/85084ef1e999dcf50e8d466106a33bac24a0febb
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
5294
diff
changeset
|
116 Message files (vim.mo) have to be placed in "$VIMRUNTIME/lang/xx/LC_MESSAGES", |
|
07f11de5efca
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/85084ef1e999dcf50e8d466106a33bac24a0febb
Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
parents:
5294
diff
changeset
|
117 where "xx" is the abbreviation of the language (mostly two letters). |
| 7 | 118 |
| 119 If you write your own translations you need to generate the .po file and | |
| 120 convert it to a .mo file. You need to get the source distribution and read | |
| 121 the file "src/po/README.txt". | |
| 122 | |
| 123 To overrule the automatic choice of the language, set the $LANG variable to | |
| 124 the language of your choice. use "en" to disable translations. > | |
| 125 | |
| 126 :let $LANG = 'ja' | |
| 127 | |
| 128 (text for Windows by Muraoka Taro) | |
| 129 | |
| 130 ============================================================================== | |
| 131 2. Menus *multilang-menus* | |
| 132 | |
| 1121 | 133 See |45.2| for the basics, esp. using 'langmenu'. |
| 7 | 134 |
| 135 Note that if changes have been made to the menus after the translation was | |
| 136 done, some of the menus may be shown in English. Please try contacting the | |
| 137 maintainer of the translation and ask him to update it. You can find the | |
| 138 name and e-mail address of the translator in | |
| 139 "$VIMRUNTIME/lang/menu_<lang>.vim". | |
| 140 | |
| 141 To set the font (or fontset) to use for the menus, use the |:highlight| | |
| 142 command. Example: > | |
| 143 | |
| 144 :highlight Menu font=k12,r12 | |
| 145 | |
| 146 | |
| 147 ALIAS LOCALE NAMES | |
| 148 | |
| 149 Unfortunately, the locale names are different on various systems, even though | |
| 150 they are for the same language and encoding. If you do not get the menu | |
| 151 translations you expected, check the output of this command: > | |
| 152 | |
| 153 echo v:lang | |
| 154 | |
| 155 Now check the "$VIMRUNTIME/lang" directory for menu translation files that use | |
| 156 a similar language. A difference in a "-" being a "_" already causes a file | |
| 157 not to be found! Another common difference to watch out for is "iso8859-1" | |
| 158 versus "iso_8859-1". Fortunately Vim makes all names lowercase, thus you | |
| 159 don't have to worry about case differences. Spaces are changed to | |
| 160 underscores, to avoid having to escape them. | |
| 161 | |
| 162 If you find a menu translation file for your language with a different name, | |
| 163 create a file in your own runtime directory to load that one. The name of | |
| 164 that file could be: > | |
| 165 | |
| 166 ~/.vim/lang/menu_<v:lang>.vim | |
| 167 | |
| 168 Check the 'runtimepath' option for directories which are searched. In that | |
| 169 file put a command to load the menu file with the other name: > | |
| 170 | |
| 171 runtime lang/menu_<other_lang>.vim | |
| 172 | |
| 173 | |
| 174 TRANSLATING MENUS | |
| 175 | |
| 176 If you want to do your own translations, you can use the |:menutrans| command, | |
| 177 explained below. It is recommended to put the translations for one language | |
| 178 in a Vim script. For a language that has no translation yet, please consider | |
| 179 becoming the maintainer and make your translations available to all Vim users. | |
| 180 Send an e-mail to the Vim maintainer <maintainer@vim.org>. | |
| 181 | |
| 182 *:menut* *:menutrans* *:menutranslate* | |
| 183 :menut[ranslate] clear | |
| 184 Clear all menu translations. | |
| 185 | |
| 186 :menut[ranslate] {english} {mylang} | |
| 187 Translate menu name {english} to {mylang}. All | |
| 188 special characters like "&" and "<Tab>" need to be | |
| 189 included. Spaces and dots need to be escaped with a | |
| 190 backslash, just like in other |:menu| commands. | |
| 11062 | 191 Case in {english} is ignored. |
| 7 | 192 |
| 193 See the $VIMRUNTIME/lang directory for examples. | |
| 194 | |
| 195 To try out your translations you first have to remove all menus. This is how | |
| 196 you can do it without restarting Vim: > | |
| 197 :source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim | |
| 198 :source <your-new-menu-file> | |
| 199 :source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim | |
| 200 | |
| 201 Each part of a menu path is translated separately. The result is that when | |
| 13857 | 202 "Help" is translated to "Hilfe" and "Overview" to "Überblick" then |
| 203 "Help.Overview" will be translated to "Hilfe.Überblick". | |
| 7 | 204 |
| 205 ============================================================================== | |
| 206 3. Scripts *multilang-scripts* | |
| 207 | |
| 208 In Vim scripts you can use the |v:lang| variable to get the current language | |
| 209 (locale). The default value is "C" or comes from the $LANG environment | |
| 210 variable. | |
| 211 | |
| 212 The following example shows how this variable is used in a simple way, to make | |
| 213 a message adapt to language preferences of the user, > | |
| 214 | |
| 215 :if v:lang =~ "de_DE" | |
| 216 : echo "Guten Morgen" | |
| 217 :else | |
| 218 : echo "Good morning" | |
| 219 :endif | |
| 220 < | |
| 221 | |
| 14421 | 222 vim:tw=78:sw=4:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |