Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/tagsrch.txt @ 16553:0e473e9e70c2 v8.1.1280
patch 8.1.1280: remarks about functionality not in Vi clutters the help
commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/25c9c680ec4dfbb51f4ef21c3460a48d3c67ffc8
Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
Date: Sun May 5 18:13:34 2019 +0200
patch 8.1.1280: remarks about functionality not in Vi clutters the help
Problem: Remarks about functionality not in Vi clutters the help.
Solution: Move all info about what is new in Vim or already existed in Vi to
vi_diff.txt. Remove {not in Vi} remarks. (closes #4268) Add
"noet" to the help files modeline. Also include many other help
file improvements.
| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Sun, 05 May 2019 18:15:06 +0200 |
| parents | 54ffc82f38a8 |
| children | 1eaf34420bb3 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
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patch 8.1.1280: remarks about functionality not in Vi clutters the help
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parents:
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1 *tagsrch.txt* For Vim version 8.1. Last change: 2019 May 05 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Tags and special searches *tags-and-searches* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 See section |29.1| of the user manual for an introduction. | |
| 10 | |
| 11 1. Jump to a tag |tag-commands| | |
| 12 2. Tag stack |tag-stack| | |
| 13 3. Tag match list |tag-matchlist| | |
| 14 4. Tags details |tag-details| | |
| 15 5. Tags file format |tags-file-format| | |
| 16 6. Include file searches |include-search| | |
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17 7. Using 'tagfunc' |tag-function| |
| 7 | 18 |
| 19 ============================================================================== | |
| 20 1. Jump to a tag *tag-commands* | |
| 21 | |
| 22 *tag* *tags* | |
| 23 A tag is an identifier that appears in a "tags" file. It is a sort of label | |
| 24 that can be jumped to. For example: In C programs each function name can be | |
| 25 used as a tag. The "tags" file has to be generated by a program like ctags, | |
| 26 before the tag commands can be used. | |
| 27 | |
| 28 With the ":tag" command the cursor will be positioned on the tag. With the | |
| 29 CTRL-] command, the keyword on which the cursor is standing is used as the | |
| 30 tag. If the cursor is not on a keyword, the first keyword to the right of the | |
| 31 cursor is used. | |
| 32 | |
| 33 The ":tag" command works very well for C programs. If you see a call to a | |
| 34 function and wonder what that function does, position the cursor inside of the | |
| 35 function name and hit CTRL-]. This will bring you to the function definition. | |
| 36 An easy way back is with the CTRL-T command. Also read about the tag stack | |
| 37 below. | |
| 38 | |
| 39 *:ta* *:tag* *E426* *E429* | |
| 13857 | 40 :[count]ta[g][!] {name} |
| 41 Jump to the definition of {name}, using the | |
| 42 information in the tags file(s). Put {name} in the | |
| 7 | 43 tag stack. See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 13857 | 44 {name} can be a regexp pattern, see |tag-regexp|. |
| 45 When there are several matching tags for {name}, jump | |
| 685 | 46 to the [count] one. When [count] is omitted the |
| 47 first one is jumped to. See |tag-matchlist| for | |
| 48 jumping to other matching tags. | |
| 7 | 49 |
| 50 g<LeftMouse> *g<LeftMouse>* | |
| 51 <C-LeftMouse> *<C-LeftMouse>* *CTRL-]* | |
| 52 CTRL-] Jump to the definition of the keyword under the | |
| 13857 | 53 cursor. Same as ":tag {name}", where {name} is the |
| 685 | 54 keyword under or after cursor. |
| 13857 | 55 When there are several matching tags for {name}, jump |
| 685 | 56 to the [count] one. When no [count] is given the |
| 57 first one is jumped to. See |tag-matchlist| for | |
| 58 jumping to other matching tags. | |
| 59 {Vi: identifier after the cursor} | |
| 7 | 60 |
| 61 *v_CTRL-]* | |
| 13857 | 62 {Visual}CTRL-] Same as ":tag {name}", where {name} is the text that |
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63 is highlighted. |
| 7 | 64 |
| 65 *telnet-CTRL-]* | |
| 66 CTRL-] is the default telnet escape key. When you type CTRL-] to jump to a | |
| 67 tag, you will get the telnet prompt instead. Most versions of telnet allow | |
| 68 changing or disabling the default escape key. See the telnet man page. You | |
| 69 can 'telnet -E {Hostname}' to disable the escape character, or 'telnet -e | |
| 70 {EscapeCharacter} {Hostname}' to specify another escape character. If | |
| 56 | 71 possible, try to use "ssh" instead of "telnet" to avoid this problem. |
| 7 | 72 |
| 73 *tag-priority* | |
| 74 When there are multiple matches for a tag, this priority is used: | |
| 75 1. "FSC" A full matching static tag for the current file. | |
| 76 2. "F C" A full matching global tag for the current file. | |
| 77 3. "F " A full matching global tag for another file. | |
| 78 4. "FS " A full matching static tag for another file. | |
| 79 5. " SC" An ignore-case matching static tag for the current file. | |
| 80 6. " C" An ignore-case matching global tag for the current file. | |
| 81 7. " " An ignore-case matching global tag for another file. | |
| 82 8. " S " An ignore-case matching static tag for another file. | |
| 83 | |
| 84 Note that when the current file changes, the priority list is mostly not | |
| 85 changed, to avoid confusion when using ":tnext". It is changed when using | |
| 13857 | 86 ":tag {name}". |
| 7 | 87 |
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88 The ignore-case matches are not found for a ":tag" command when: |
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89 - the 'ignorecase' option is off and 'tagcase' is "followic" |
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90 - 'tagcase' is "match" |
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91 - 'tagcase' is "smart" and the pattern contains an upper case character. |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/66e29d7112e437b2b50efe1f82c7e892736d23e4
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92 - 'tagcase' is "followscs" and 'smartcase' option is on and the pattern |
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93 contains an upper case character. |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/66e29d7112e437b2b50efe1f82c7e892736d23e4
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94 |
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95 The ignore-case matches are found when: |
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96 - a pattern is used (starting with a "/") |
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97 - for ":tselect" |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/66e29d7112e437b2b50efe1f82c7e892736d23e4
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98 - when 'tagcase' is "followic" and 'ignorecase' is off |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/66e29d7112e437b2b50efe1f82c7e892736d23e4
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99 - when 'tagcase' is "match" |
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commit https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/66e29d7112e437b2b50efe1f82c7e892736d23e4
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100 - when 'tagcase' is "followscs" and the 'smartcase' option is off |
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101 |
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102 Note that using ignore-case tag searching disables binary searching in the |
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103 tags file, which causes a slowdown. This can be avoided by fold-case sorting |
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104 the tag file. See the 'tagbsearch' option for an explanation. |
| 7 | 105 |
| 106 ============================================================================== | |
| 107 2. Tag stack *tag-stack* *tagstack* *E425* | |
| 108 | |
| 109 On the tag stack is remembered which tags you jumped to, and from where. | |
| 110 Tags are only pushed onto the stack when the 'tagstack' option is set. | |
| 111 | |
| 112 g<RightMouse> *g<RightMouse>* | |
| 113 <C-RightMouse> *<C-RightMouse>* *CTRL-T* | |
| 114 CTRL-T Jump to [count] older entry in the tag stack | |
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115 (default 1). |
| 7 | 116 |
| 117 *:po* *:pop* *E555* *E556* | |
| 118 :[count]po[p][!] Jump to [count] older entry in tag stack (default 1). | |
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119 See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 120 |
| 121 :[count]ta[g][!] Jump to [count] newer entry in tag stack (default 1). | |
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122 See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 123 |
| 124 *:tags* | |
| 125 :tags Show the contents of the tag stack. The active | |
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126 entry is marked with a '>'. |
| 7 | 127 |
| 128 The output of ":tags" looks like this: | |
| 129 | |
| 2681 | 130 # TO tag FROM line in file/text |
| 7 | 131 1 1 main 1 harddisk2:text/vim/test |
| 132 > 2 2 FuncA 58 i = FuncA(10); | |
| 133 3 1 FuncC 357 harddisk2:text/vim/src/amiga.c | |
| 134 | |
| 135 This list shows the tags that you jumped to and the cursor position before | |
| 136 that jump. The older tags are at the top, the newer at the bottom. | |
| 137 | |
| 138 The '>' points to the active entry. This is the tag that will be used by the | |
| 139 next ":tag" command. The CTRL-T and ":pop" command will use the position | |
| 140 above the active entry. | |
| 141 | |
| 142 Below the "TO" is the number of the current match in the match list. Note | |
| 143 that this doesn't change when using ":pop" or ":tag". | |
| 144 | |
| 145 The line number and file name are remembered to be able to get back to where | |
| 146 you were before the tag command. The line number will be correct, also when | |
| 147 deleting/inserting lines, unless this was done by another program (e.g. | |
| 148 another instance of Vim). | |
| 149 | |
| 2681 | 150 For the current file, the "file/text" column shows the text at the position. |
| 7 | 151 An indent is removed and a long line is truncated to fit in the window. |
| 152 | |
| 153 You can jump to previously used tags with several commands. Some examples: | |
| 154 | |
| 155 ":pop" or CTRL-T to position before previous tag | |
| 156 {count}CTRL-T to position before {count} older tag | |
| 157 ":tag" to newer tag | |
| 158 ":0tag" to last used tag | |
| 159 | |
| 160 The most obvious way to use this is while browsing through the call graph of | |
| 161 a program. Consider the following call graph: | |
| 162 | |
| 163 main ---> FuncA ---> FuncC | |
| 164 ---> FuncB | |
| 165 | |
| 166 (Explanation: main calls FuncA and FuncB; FuncA calls FuncC). | |
| 167 You can get from main to FuncA by using CTRL-] on the call to FuncA. Then | |
| 168 you can CTRL-] to get to FuncC. If you now want to go back to main you can | |
| 169 use CTRL-T twice. Then you can CTRL-] to FuncB. | |
| 170 | |
| 13857 | 171 If you issue a ":ta {name}" or CTRL-] command, this tag is inserted at the |
| 7 | 172 current position in the stack. If the stack was full (it can hold up to 20 |
| 173 entries), the oldest entry is deleted and the older entries shift one | |
| 174 position up (their index number is decremented by one). If the last used | |
| 175 entry was not at the bottom, the entries below the last used one are | |
| 176 deleted. This means that an old branch in the call graph is lost. After the | |
| 177 commands explained above the tag stack will look like this: | |
| 178 | |
| 2681 | 179 # TO tag FROM line in file/text |
| 180 1 1 main 1 harddisk2:text/vim/test | |
| 181 2 1 FuncB 59 harddisk2:text/vim/src/main.c | |
| 7 | 182 |
| 15033 | 183 The |gettagstack()| function returns the tag stack of a specified window. The |
| 184 |settagstack()| function modifies the tag stack of a window. | |
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185 |
| 7 | 186 *E73* |
| 187 When you try to use the tag stack while it doesn't contain anything you will | |
| 188 get an error message. | |
| 189 | |
| 190 ============================================================================== | |
| 191 3. Tag match list *tag-matchlist* *E427* *E428* | |
| 192 | |
| 193 When there are several matching tags, these commands can be used to jump | |
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194 between them. Note that these commands don't change the tag stack, they keep |
| 7 | 195 the same entry. |
| 196 | |
| 197 *:ts* *:tselect* | |
| 13857 | 198 :ts[elect][!] [name] List the tags that match [name], using the |
| 7 | 199 information in the tags file(s). |
| 13857 | 200 When [name] is not given, the last tag name from the |
| 7 | 201 tag stack is used. |
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202 See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 203 With a '>' in the first column is indicated which is |
| 204 the current position in the list (if there is one). | |
| 13857 | 205 [name] can be a regexp pattern, see |tag-regexp|. |
| 7 | 206 See |tag-priority| for the priorities used in the |
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207 listing. |
| 7 | 208 Example output: |
| 209 | |
| 210 > | |
| 211 nr pri kind tag file | |
| 212 1 F f mch_delay os_amiga.c | |
| 213 mch_delay(msec, ignoreinput) | |
| 214 > 2 F f mch_delay os_msdos.c | |
| 215 mch_delay(msec, ignoreinput) | |
| 216 3 F f mch_delay os_unix.c | |
| 217 mch_delay(msec, ignoreinput) | |
| 218 Enter nr of choice (<CR> to abort): | |
| 219 < | |
| 220 See |tag-priority| for the "pri" column. Note that | |
| 221 this depends on the current file, thus using | |
| 222 ":tselect xxx" can produce different results. | |
| 223 The "kind" column gives the kind of tag, if this was | |
| 224 included in the tags file. | |
| 225 The "info" column shows information that could be | |
| 226 found in the tags file. It depends on the program | |
| 227 that produced the tags file. | |
| 228 When the list is long, you may get the |more-prompt|. | |
| 229 If you already see the tag you want to use, you can | |
| 230 type 'q' and enter the number. | |
| 231 | |
| 232 *:sts* *:stselect* | |
| 13857 | 233 :sts[elect][!] [name] Does ":tselect[!] [name]" and splits the window for |
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234 the selected tag. |
| 7 | 235 |
| 236 *g]* | |
| 237 g] Like CTRL-], but use ":tselect" instead of ":tag". | |
| 238 | |
| 239 *v_g]* | |
| 240 {Visual}g] Same as "g]", but use the highlighted text as the | |
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241 identifier. |
| 7 | 242 |
| 243 *:tj* *:tjump* | |
| 13857 | 244 :tj[ump][!] [name] Like ":tselect", but jump to the tag directly when |
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245 there is only one match. |
| 7 | 246 |
| 247 *:stj* *:stjump* | |
| 13857 | 248 :stj[ump][!] [name] Does ":tjump[!] [name]" and splits the window for the |
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249 selected tag. |
| 7 | 250 |
| 251 *g_CTRL-]* | |
| 252 g CTRL-] Like CTRL-], but use ":tjump" instead of ":tag". | |
| 253 | |
| 254 *v_g_CTRL-]* | |
| 255 {Visual}g CTRL-] Same as "g CTRL-]", but use the highlighted text as | |
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256 the identifier. |
| 7 | 257 |
| 258 *:tn* *:tnext* | |
| 259 :[count]tn[ext][!] Jump to [count] next matching tag (default 1). See | |
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260 |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 261 |
| 262 *:tp* *:tprevious* | |
| 263 :[count]tp[revious][!] Jump to [count] previous matching tag (default 1). | |
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264 See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 265 |
| 266 *:tN* *:tNext* | |
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267 :[count]tN[ext][!] Same as ":tprevious". |
| 7 | 268 |
| 269 *:tr* *:trewind* | |
| 270 :[count]tr[ewind][!] Jump to first matching tag. If [count] is given, jump | |
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271 to [count]th matching tag. See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 272 |
| 273 *:tf* *:tfirst* | |
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274 :[count]tf[irst][!] Same as ":trewind". |
| 7 | 275 |
| 276 *:tl* *:tlast* | |
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277 :tl[ast][!] Jump to last matching tag. See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 278 |
| 651 | 279 *:lt* *:ltag* |
| 13857 | 280 :lt[ag][!] [name] Jump to tag [name] and add the matching tags to a new |
| 281 location list for the current window. [name] can be | |
| 282 a regexp pattern, see |tag-regexp|. When [name] is | |
| 651 | 283 not given, the last tag name from the tag stack is |
| 284 used. The search pattern to locate the tag line is | |
| 285 prefixed with "\V" to escape all the special | |
| 286 characters (very nomagic). The location list showing | |
| 287 the matching tags is independent of the tag stack. | |
| 288 See |tag-!| for [!]. | |
| 7 | 289 |
| 290 When there is no other message, Vim shows which matching tag has been jumped | |
| 291 to, and the number of matching tags: > | |
| 292 tag 1 of 3 or more | |
| 293 The " or more" is used to indicate that Vim didn't try all the tags files yet. | |
| 294 When using ":tnext" a few times, or with ":tlast", more matches may be found. | |
| 295 | |
| 296 When you didn't see this message because of some other message, or you just | |
| 297 want to know where you are, this command will show it again (and jump to the | |
| 298 same tag as last time): > | |
| 299 :0tn | |
| 300 < | |
| 301 *tag-skip-file* | |
| 302 When a matching tag is found for which the file doesn't exist, this match is | |
| 303 skipped and the next matching tag is used. Vim reports this, to notify you of | |
| 304 missing files. When the end of the list of matches has been reached, an error | |
| 305 message is given. | |
| 306 | |
| 651 | 307 *tag-preview* |
| 7 | 308 The tag match list can also be used in the preview window. The commands are |
| 309 the same as above, with a "p" prepended. | |
| 310 {not available when compiled without the |+quickfix| feature} | |
| 311 | |
| 312 *:pts* *:ptselect* | |
| 13857 | 313 :pts[elect][!] [name] Does ":tselect[!] [name]" and shows the new tag in a |
| 237 | 314 "Preview" window. See |:ptag| for more info. |
| 7 | 315 |
| 316 *:ptj* *:ptjump* | |
| 13857 | 317 :ptj[ump][!] [name] Does ":tjump[!] [name]" and shows the new tag in a |
| 237 | 318 "Preview" window. See |:ptag| for more info. |
| 7 | 319 |
| 320 *:ptn* *:ptnext* | |
| 321 :[count]ptn[ext][!] ":tnext" in the preview window. See |:ptag|. | |
| 322 | |
| 323 *:ptp* *:ptprevious* | |
| 324 :[count]ptp[revious][!] ":tprevious" in the preview window. See |:ptag|. | |
| 325 | |
| 326 *:ptN* *:ptNext* | |
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327 :[count]ptN[ext][!] Same as ":ptprevious". |
| 7 | 328 |
| 329 *:ptr* *:ptrewind* | |
| 330 :[count]ptr[ewind][!] ":trewind" in the preview window. See |:ptag|. | |
| 331 | |
| 332 *:ptf* *:ptfirst* | |
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333 :[count]ptf[irst][!] Same as ":ptrewind". |
| 7 | 334 |
| 335 *:ptl* *:ptlast* | |
| 336 :ptl[ast][!] ":tlast" in the preview window. See |:ptag|. | |
| 337 | |
| 338 ============================================================================== | |
| 339 4. Tags details *tag-details* | |
| 340 | |
| 341 *static-tag* | |
| 342 A static tag is a tag that is defined for a specific file. In a C program | |
| 343 this could be a static function. | |
| 344 | |
| 345 In Vi jumping to a tag sets the current search pattern. This means that | |
| 346 the "n" command after jumping to a tag does not search for the same pattern | |
| 347 that it did before jumping to the tag. Vim does not do this as we consider it | |
| 348 to be a bug. You can still find the tag search pattern in the search history. | |
| 349 If you really want the old Vi behavior, set the 't' flag in 'cpoptions'. | |
| 350 | |
| 351 *tag-binary-search* | |
| 352 Vim uses binary searching in the tags file to find the desired tag quickly | |
| 353 (when enabled at compile time |+tag_binary|). But this only works if the | |
| 354 tags file was sorted on ASCII byte value. Therefore, if no match was found, | |
| 355 another try is done with a linear search. If you only want the linear search, | |
| 356 reset the 'tagbsearch' option. Or better: Sort the tags file! | |
| 357 | |
| 358 Note that the binary searching is disabled when not looking for a tag with a | |
| 359 specific name. This happens when ignoring case and when a regular expression | |
| 360 is used that doesn't start with a fixed string. Tag searching can be a lot | |
| 361 slower then. The former can be avoided by case-fold sorting the tags file. | |
| 362 See 'tagbsearch' for details. | |
| 363 | |
| 364 *tag-regexp* | |
| 5244 | 365 The ":tag" and ":tselect" commands accept a regular expression argument. See |
| 7 | 366 |pattern| for the special characters that can be used. |
| 367 When the argument starts with '/', it is used as a pattern. If the argument | |
| 368 does not start with '/', it is taken literally, as a full tag name. | |
| 369 Examples: > | |
| 370 :tag main | |
| 371 < jumps to the tag "main" that has the highest priority. > | |
| 372 :tag /^get | |
| 373 < jumps to the tag that starts with "get" and has the highest priority. > | |
| 374 :tag /norm | |
| 375 < lists all the tags that contain "norm", including "id_norm". | |
| 376 When the argument both exists literally, and match when used as a regexp, a | |
| 377 literal match has a higher priority. For example, ":tag /open" matches "open" | |
| 378 before "open_file" and "file_open". | |
| 415 | 379 When using a pattern case is ignored. If you want to match case use "\C" in |
| 380 the pattern. | |
| 7 | 381 |
| 382 *tag-!* | |
| 383 If the tag is in the current file this will always work. Otherwise the | |
| 384 performed actions depend on whether the current file was changed, whether a ! | |
| 385 is added to the command and on the 'autowrite' option: | |
| 386 | |
| 387 tag in file autowrite ~ | |
| 388 current file changed ! option action ~ | |
| 389 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 390 yes x x x goto tag | |
| 391 no no x x read other file, goto tag | |
| 392 no yes yes x abandon current file, read other file, goto | |
| 393 tag | |
| 394 no yes no on write current file, read other file, goto | |
| 395 tag | |
| 396 no yes no off fail | |
| 397 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 398 | |
| 399 - If the tag is in the current file, the command will always work. | |
| 400 - If the tag is in another file and the current file was not changed, the | |
| 401 other file will be made the current file and read into the buffer. | |
| 402 - If the tag is in another file, the current file was changed and a ! is | |
| 403 added to the command, the changes to the current file are lost, the other | |
| 404 file will be made the current file and read into the buffer. | |
| 405 - If the tag is in another file, the current file was changed and the | |
| 406 'autowrite' option is on, the current file will be written, the other | |
| 407 file will be made the current file and read into the buffer. | |
| 408 - If the tag is in another file, the current file was changed and the | |
| 409 'autowrite' option is off, the command will fail. If you want to save | |
| 410 the changes, use the ":w" command and then use ":tag" without an argument. | |
| 411 This works because the tag is put on the stack anyway. If you want to lose | |
| 412 the changes you can use the ":tag!" command. | |
| 413 | |
| 414 *tag-security* | |
| 415 Note that Vim forbids some commands, for security reasons. This works like | |
| 416 using the 'secure' option for exrc/vimrc files in the current directory. See | |
| 417 |trojan-horse| and |sandbox|. | |
| 418 When the {tagaddress} changes a buffer, you will get a warning message: | |
| 419 "WARNING: tag command changed a buffer!!!" | |
| 420 In a future version changing the buffer will be impossible. All this for | |
| 421 security reasons: Somebody might hide a nasty command in the tags file, which | |
| 422 would otherwise go unnoticed. Example: > | |
| 423 :$d|/tag-function-name/ | |
| 237 | 424 {this security prevention is not present in Vi} |
| 7 | 425 |
| 426 In Vi the ":tag" command sets the last search pattern when the tag is searched | |
| 427 for. In Vim this is not done, the previous search pattern is still remembered, | |
| 428 unless the 't' flag is present in 'cpoptions'. The search pattern is always | |
| 429 put in the search history, so you can modify it if searching fails. | |
| 430 | |
| 431 *emacs-tags* *emacs_tags* *E430* | |
| 432 Emacs style tag files are only supported if Vim was compiled with the | |
| 433 |+emacs_tags| feature enabled. Sorry, there is no explanation about Emacs tag | |
| 434 files here, it is only supported for backwards compatibility :-). | |
| 435 | |
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436 Lines in Emacs tags files can be very long. Vim only deals with lines of up |
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437 to about 510 bytes. To see whether lines are ignored set 'verbose' to 5 or |
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438 higher. |
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439 |
| 7 | 440 *tags-option* |
| 441 The 'tags' option is a list of file names. Each of these files is searched | |
| 442 for the tag. This can be used to use a different tags file than the default | |
| 443 file "tags". It can also be used to access a common tags file. | |
| 444 | |
| 445 The next file in the list is not used when: | |
| 446 - A matching static tag for the current buffer has been found. | |
| 447 - A matching global tag has been found. | |
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448 This also depends on whether case is ignored. Case is ignored when: |
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449 - 'tagcase' is "followic" and 'ignorecase' is set |
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450 - 'tagcase' is "ignore" |
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451 - 'tagcase' is "smart" and the pattern only contains lower case |
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452 characters. |
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453 - 'tagcase' is "followscs" and 'smartcase' is set and the pattern only |
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454 contains lower case characters. |
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455 If case is not ignored, and the tags file only has a match without matching |
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456 case, the next tags file is searched for a match with matching case. If no |
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457 tag with matching case is found, the first match without matching case is |
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458 used. If case is ignored, and a matching global tag with or without matching |
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459 case is found, this one is used, no further tags files are searched. |
| 7 | 460 |
| 461 When a tag file name starts with "./", the '.' is replaced with the path of | |
| 462 the current file. This makes it possible to use a tags file in the directory | |
| 463 where the current file is (no matter what the current directory is). The idea | |
| 464 of using "./" is that you can define which tag file is searched first: In the | |
| 465 current directory ("tags,./tags") or in the directory of the current file | |
| 466 ("./tags,tags"). | |
| 467 | |
| 468 For example: > | |
| 469 :set tags=./tags,tags,/home/user/commontags | |
| 470 | |
| 471 In this example the tag will first be searched for in the file "tags" in the | |
| 472 directory where the current file is. Next the "tags" file in the current | |
| 473 directory. If it is not found there, then the file "/home/user/commontags" | |
| 474 will be searched for the tag. | |
| 475 | |
| 476 This can be switched off by including the 'd' flag in 'cpoptions', to make | |
| 557 | 477 it Vi compatible. "./tags" will then be the tags file in the current |
| 7 | 478 directory, instead of the tags file in the directory where the current file |
| 479 is. | |
| 480 | |
| 481 Instead of the comma a space may be used. Then a backslash is required for | |
| 482 the space to be included in the string option: > | |
| 483 :set tags=tags\ /home/user/commontags | |
| 484 | |
| 485 To include a space in a file name use three backslashes. To include a comma | |
| 486 in a file name use two backslashes. For example, use: > | |
| 487 :set tags=tag\\\ file,/home/user/common\\,tags | |
| 488 | |
| 489 for the files "tag file" and "/home/user/common,tags". The 'tags' option will | |
| 490 have the value "tag\ file,/home/user/common\,tags". | |
| 491 | |
| 492 If the 'tagrelative' option is on (which is the default) and using a tag file | |
| 493 in another directory, file names in that tag file are relative to the | |
| 494 directory where the tag file is. | |
| 495 | |
| 496 ============================================================================== | |
| 497 5. Tags file format *tags-file-format* *E431* | |
| 498 | |
| 499 *ctags* *jtags* | |
| 500 A tags file can be created with an external command, for example "ctags". It | |
| 501 will contain a tag for each function. Some versions of "ctags" will also make | |
| 502 a tag for each "#defined" macro, typedefs, enums, etc. | |
| 503 | |
| 504 Some programs that generate tags files: | |
| 505 ctags As found on most Unix systems. Only supports C. Only | |
| 506 does the basic work. | |
| 20 | 507 *Exuberant_ctags* |
| 7 | 508 exuberant ctags This a very good one. It works for C, C++, Java, |
| 509 Fortran, Eiffel and others. It can generate tags for | |
| 510 many items. See http://ctags.sourceforge.net. | |
| 511 etags Connected to Emacs. Supports many languages. | |
| 512 JTags For Java, in Java. It can be found at | |
| 513 http://www.fleiner.com/jtags/. | |
| 514 ptags.py For Python, in Python. Found in your Python source | |
| 515 directory at Tools/scripts/ptags.py. | |
| 516 ptags For Perl, in Perl. It can be found at | |
| 517 http://www.eleves.ens.fr:8080/home/nthiery/Tags/. | |
| 518 gnatxref For Ada. See http://www.gnuada.org/. gnatxref is | |
| 519 part of the gnat package. | |
| 520 | |
| 521 | |
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522 The lines in the tags file must have one of these two formats: |
| 7 | 523 |
| 524 1. {tagname} {TAB} {tagfile} {TAB} {tagaddress} | |
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525 2. {tagname} {TAB} {tagfile} {TAB} {tagaddress} {term} {field} .. |
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526 |
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527 Previously an old format was supported, see |tag-old-static|. |
| 7 | 528 |
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529 The first format is a normal tag, which is completely compatible with Vi. It |
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530 is the only format produced by traditional ctags implementations. This is |
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531 often used for functions that are global, also referenced in other files. |
| 7 | 532 |
| 533 The lines in the tags file can end in <LF> or <CR><LF>. On the Macintosh <CR> | |
| 534 also works. The <CR> and <NL> characters can never appear inside a line. | |
| 535 | |
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536 The second format is new. It includes additional information in optional |
| 7 | 537 fields at the end of each line. It is backwards compatible with Vi. It is |
| 538 only supported by new versions of ctags (such as Exuberant ctags). | |
| 539 | |
| 540 {tagname} The identifier. Normally the name of a function, but it can | |
| 541 be any identifier. It cannot contain a <Tab>. | |
| 542 {TAB} One <Tab> character. Note: previous versions allowed any | |
| 543 white space here. This has been abandoned to allow spaces in | |
| 16086 | 544 {tagfile}. |
| 7 | 545 {tagfile} The file that contains the definition of {tagname}. It can |
| 546 have an absolute or relative path. It may contain environment | |
| 547 variables and wildcards (although the use of wildcards is | |
| 548 doubtful). It cannot contain a <Tab>. | |
| 549 {tagaddress} The Ex command that positions the cursor on the tag. It can | |
| 550 be any Ex command, although restrictions apply (see | |
| 551 |tag-security|). Posix only allows line numbers and search | |
| 552 commands, which are mostly used. | |
| 553 {term} ;" The two characters semicolon and double quote. This is | |
| 554 interpreted by Vi as the start of a comment, which makes the | |
| 555 following be ignored. This is for backwards compatibility | |
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556 with Vi, it ignores the following fields. Example: |
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557 APP file /^static int APP;$/;" v |
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558 When {tagaddress} is not a line number or search pattern, then |
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559 {term} must be |;". Here the bar ends the command (excluding |
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560 the bar) and ;" is used to have Vi ignore the rest of the |
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561 line. Example: |
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562 APP file.c call cursor(3, 4)|;" v |
| 16023 | 563 |
| 7 | 564 {field} .. A list of optional fields. Each field has the form: |
| 565 | |
| 566 <Tab>{fieldname}:{value} | |
| 567 | |
| 568 The {fieldname} identifies the field, and can only contain | |
| 569 alphabetical characters [a-zA-Z]. | |
| 570 The {value} is any string, but cannot contain a <Tab>. | |
| 571 These characters are special: | |
| 572 "\t" stands for a <Tab> | |
| 573 "\r" stands for a <CR> | |
| 574 "\n" stands for a <NL> | |
| 575 "\\" stands for a single '\' character | |
| 576 | |
| 577 There is one field that doesn't have a ':'. This is the kind | |
| 578 of the tag. It is handled like it was preceded with "kind:". | |
| 579 See the documentation of ctags for the kinds it produces. | |
| 580 | |
| 581 The only other field currently recognized by Vim is "file:" | |
| 582 (with an empty value). It is used for a static tag. | |
| 583 | |
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584 |
| 7 | 585 The first lines in the tags file can contain lines that start with |
| 586 !_TAG_ | |
| 587 These are sorted to the first lines, only rare tags that start with "!" can | |
| 588 sort to before them. Vim recognizes two items. The first one is the line | |
| 589 that indicates if the file was sorted. When this line is found, Vim uses | |
| 590 binary searching for the tags file: | |
| 591 !_TAG_FILE_SORTED<Tab>1<Tab>{anything} ~ | |
| 592 | |
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593 A tag file may be case-fold sorted to avoid a linear search when case is |
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594 ignored. (Case is ignored when 'ignorecase' is set and 'tagcase' is |
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595 "followic", or when 'tagcase' is "ignore".) See 'tagbsearch' for details. |
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596 The value '2' should be used then: |
| 7 | 597 !_TAG_FILE_SORTED<Tab>2<Tab>{anything} ~ |
| 598 | |
| 15878 | 599 The other tag that Vim recognizes is the encoding of the tags file: |
| 7 | 600 !_TAG_FILE_ENCODING<Tab>utf-8<Tab>{anything} ~ |
| 601 Here "utf-8" is the encoding used for the tags. Vim will then convert the tag | |
| 602 being searched for from 'encoding' to the encoding of the tags file. And when | |
| 603 listing tags the reverse happens. When the conversion fails the unconverted | |
| 604 tag is used. | |
| 605 | |
| 606 *tag-search* | |
| 607 The command can be any Ex command, but often it is a search command. | |
| 608 Examples: | |
| 609 tag1 file1 /^main(argc, argv)/ ~ | |
| 610 tag2 file2 108 ~ | |
| 611 | |
| 612 The command is always executed with 'magic' not set. The only special | |
| 613 characters in a search pattern are "^" (begin-of-line) and "$" (<EOL>). | |
| 614 See |pattern|. Note that you must put a backslash before each backslash in | |
| 615 the search text. This is for backwards compatibility with Vi. | |
| 616 | |
| 617 *E434* *E435* | |
| 618 If the command is a normal search command (it starts and ends with "/" or | |
| 619 "?"), some special handling is done: | |
| 620 - Searching starts on line 1 of the file. | |
| 621 The direction of the search is forward for "/", backward for "?". | |
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622 Note that 'wrapscan' does not matter, the whole file is always searched. |
| 7 | 623 - If the search fails, another try is done ignoring case. If that fails too, |
| 624 a search is done for: | |
| 625 "^tagname[ \t]*(" | |
| 626 (the tag with '^' prepended and "[ \t]*(" appended). When using function | |
| 627 names, this will find the function name when it is in column 0. This will | |
| 628 help when the arguments to the function have changed since the tags file was | |
| 629 made. If this search also fails another search is done with: | |
| 630 "^[#a-zA-Z_].*\<tagname[ \t]*(" | |
| 631 This means: A line starting with '#' or an identifier and containing the tag | |
| 632 followed by white space and a '('. This will find macro names and function | |
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633 names with a type prepended. |
| 7 | 634 |
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635 |
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636 *tag-old-static* |
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637 Until March 2019 (patch 8.1.1092) an outdated format was supported: |
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638 {tagfile}:{tagname} {TAB} {tagfile} {TAB} {tagaddress} |
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639 |
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640 This format is for a static tag only. It is obsolete now, replaced by |
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641 the second format. It is only supported by Elvis 1.x, older Vim versions and |
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642 a few versions of ctags. A static tag is often used for functions that are |
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643 local, only referenced in the file {tagfile}. Note that for the static tag, |
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644 the two occurrences of {tagfile} must be exactly the same. Also see |
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645 |tags-option| below, for how static tags are used. |
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646 |
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647 The support was removed, since when you can update to the new Vim version you |
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648 should also be able to update ctags to one that supports the second format. |
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649 |
| 7 | 650 ============================================================================== |
| 651 6. Include file searches *include-search* *definition-search* | |
| 652 *E387* *E388* *E389* | |
| 653 | |
| 654 These commands look for a string in the current file and in all encountered | |
| 655 included files (recursively). This can be used to find the definition of a | |
| 656 variable, function or macro. If you only want to search in the current | |
| 657 buffer, use the commands listed at |pattern-searches|. | |
| 658 | |
| 659 These commands are not available when the |+find_in_path| feature was disabled | |
| 660 at compile time. | |
| 661 | |
| 662 When a line is encountered that includes another file, that file is searched | |
| 663 before continuing in the current buffer. Files included by included files are | |
| 664 also searched. When an include file could not be found it is silently | |
| 665 ignored. Use the |:checkpath| command to discover which files could not be | |
| 666 found, possibly your 'path' option is not set up correctly. Note: the | |
| 667 included file is searched, not a buffer that may be editing that file. Only | |
| 668 for the current file the lines in the buffer are used. | |
| 669 | |
| 670 The string can be any keyword or a defined macro. For the keyword any match | |
| 671 will be found. For defined macros only lines that match with the 'define' | |
| 672 option will be found. The default is "^#\s*define", which is for C programs. | |
| 673 For other languages you probably want to change this. See 'define' for an | |
| 674 example for C++. The string cannot contain an end-of-line, only matches | |
| 675 within a line are found. | |
| 676 | |
| 677 When a match is found for a defined macro, the displaying of lines continues | |
| 678 with the next line when a line ends in a backslash. | |
| 679 | |
| 680 The commands that start with "[" start searching from the start of the current | |
| 681 file. The commands that start with "]" start at the current cursor position. | |
| 682 | |
| 683 The 'include' option is used to define a line that includes another file. The | |
| 684 default is "\^#\s*include", which is for C programs. Note: Vim does not | |
| 685 recognize C syntax, if the 'include' option matches a line inside | |
| 686 "#ifdef/#endif" or inside a comment, it is searched anyway. The 'isfname' | |
| 687 option is used to recognize the file name that comes after the matched | |
| 688 pattern. | |
| 689 | |
| 690 The 'path' option is used to find the directory for the include files that | |
| 691 do not have an absolute path. | |
| 692 | |
| 693 The 'comments' option is used for the commands that display a single line or | |
| 694 jump to a line. It defines patterns that may start a comment. Those lines | |
| 695 are ignored for the search, unless [!] is used. One exception: When the line | |
| 696 matches the pattern "^# *define" it is not considered to be a comment. | |
| 697 | |
| 698 If you want to list matches, and then select one to jump to, you could use a | |
| 699 mapping to do that for you. Here is an example: > | |
| 700 | |
| 701 :map <F4> [I:let nr = input("Which one: ")<Bar>exe "normal " . nr ."[\t"<CR> | |
| 702 < | |
| 703 *[i* | |
| 704 [i Display the first line that contains the keyword | |
| 705 under the cursor. The search starts at the beginning | |
| 706 of the file. Lines that look like a comment are | |
| 707 ignored (see 'comments' option). If a count is given, | |
| 708 the count'th matching line is displayed, and comment | |
|
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709 lines are not ignored. |
| 7 | 710 |
| 711 *]i* | |
| 712 ]i like "[i", but start at the current cursor position. | |
| 713 | |
| 714 *:is* *:isearch* | |
| 715 :[range]is[earch][!] [count] [/]pattern[/] | |
| 716 Like "[i" and "]i", but search in [range] lines | |
| 717 (default: whole file). | |
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718 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 719 |
| 720 *[I* | |
| 721 [I Display all lines that contain the keyword under the | |
| 722 cursor. Filenames and line numbers are displayed | |
| 723 for the found lines. The search starts at the | |
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724 beginning of the file. |
| 7 | 725 |
| 726 *]I* | |
| 727 ]I like "[I", but start at the current cursor position. | |
| 728 | |
| 729 *:il* *:ilist* | |
| 730 :[range]il[ist][!] [/]pattern[/] | |
| 731 Like "[I" and "]I", but search in [range] lines | |
| 732 (default: whole file). | |
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733 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 734 |
| 735 *[_CTRL-I* | |
| 736 [ CTRL-I Jump to the first line that contains the keyword | |
| 737 under the cursor. The search starts at the beginning | |
| 738 of the file. Lines that look like a comment are | |
| 739 ignored (see 'comments' option). If a count is given, | |
| 740 the count'th matching line is jumped to, and comment | |
|
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741 lines are not ignored. |
| 7 | 742 |
| 743 *]_CTRL-I* | |
| 744 ] CTRL-I like "[ CTRL-I", but start at the current cursor | |
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745 position. |
| 7 | 746 |
| 747 *:ij* *:ijump* | |
| 748 :[range]ij[ump][!] [count] [/]pattern[/] | |
| 749 Like "[ CTRL-I" and "] CTRL-I", but search in | |
| 750 [range] lines (default: whole file). | |
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751 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 752 |
| 753 CTRL-W CTRL-I *CTRL-W_CTRL-I* *CTRL-W_i* | |
| 754 CTRL-W i Open a new window, with the cursor on the first line | |
| 755 that contains the keyword under the cursor. The | |
| 756 search starts at the beginning of the file. Lines | |
| 757 that look like a comment line are ignored (see | |
| 758 'comments' option). If a count is given, the count'th | |
| 759 matching line is jumped to, and comment lines are not | |
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760 ignored. |
| 7 | 761 |
| 762 *:isp* *:isplit* | |
| 763 :[range]isp[lit][!] [count] [/]pattern[/] | |
| 764 Like "CTRL-W i" and "CTRL-W i", but search in | |
| 765 [range] lines (default: whole file). | |
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766 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 767 |
| 768 *[d* | |
| 769 [d Display the first macro definition that contains the | |
| 770 macro under the cursor. The search starts from the | |
| 771 beginning of the file. If a count is given, the | |
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772 count'th matching line is displayed. |
| 7 | 773 |
| 774 *]d* | |
| 775 ]d like "[d", but start at the current cursor position. | |
| 776 | |
| 777 *:ds* *:dsearch* | |
| 778 :[range]ds[earch][!] [count] [/]string[/] | |
| 779 Like "[d" and "]d", but search in [range] lines | |
| 780 (default: whole file). | |
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781 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 782 |
| 783 *[D* | |
| 784 [D Display all macro definitions that contain the macro | |
| 785 under the cursor. Filenames and line numbers are | |
| 786 displayed for the found lines. The search starts | |
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787 from the beginning of the file. |
| 7 | 788 |
| 789 *]D* | |
| 790 ]D like "[D", but start at the current cursor position. | |
| 791 | |
| 169 | 792 *:dli* *:dlist* |
| 3224 | 793 :[range]dli[st][!] [/]string[/] |
| 5400 | 794 Like `[D` and `]D`, but search in [range] lines |
| 7 | 795 (default: whole file). |
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796 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 5400 | 797 Note that `:dl` works like `:delete` with the "l" |
| 798 flag, not `:dlist`. | |
| 7 | 799 |
| 800 *[_CTRL-D* | |
| 801 [ CTRL-D Jump to the first macro definition that contains the | |
| 802 keyword under the cursor. The search starts from | |
| 803 the beginning of the file. If a count is given, the | |
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804 count'th matching line is jumped to. |
| 7 | 805 |
| 806 *]_CTRL-D* | |
| 807 ] CTRL-D like "[ CTRL-D", but start at the current cursor | |
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808 position. |
| 7 | 809 |
| 810 *:dj* *:djump* | |
| 811 :[range]dj[ump][!] [count] [/]string[/] | |
| 812 Like "[ CTRL-D" and "] CTRL-D", but search in | |
| 813 [range] lines (default: whole file). | |
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814 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 815 |
| 816 CTRL-W CTRL-D *CTRL-W_CTRL-D* *CTRL-W_d* | |
| 817 CTRL-W d Open a new window, with the cursor on the first | |
| 818 macro definition line that contains the keyword | |
| 819 under the cursor. The search starts from the | |
| 820 beginning of the file. If a count is given, the | |
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821 count'th matching line is jumped to. |
| 7 | 822 |
| 823 *:dsp* *:dsplit* | |
| 824 :[range]dsp[lit][!] [count] [/]string[/] | |
| 825 Like "CTRL-W d", but search in [range] lines | |
| 826 (default: whole file). | |
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827 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 828 |
| 829 *:che* *:checkpath* | |
| 830 :che[ckpath] List all the included files that could not be found. | |
| 831 | |
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832 :che[ckpath]! List all the included files. |
| 7 | 833 |
| 834 *:search-args* | |
| 835 Common arguments for the commands above: | |
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836 [!] When included, find matches in lines that are recognized as comments. |
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837 When excluded, a match is ignored when the line is recognized as a |
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838 comment (according to 'comments'), or the match is in a C comment |
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839 (after "//" or inside /* */). Note that a match may be missed if a |
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840 line is recognized as a comment, but the comment ends halfway the line. |
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841 And if the line is a comment, but it is not recognized (according to |
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842 'comments') a match may be found in it anyway. Example: > |
| 7 | 843 /* comment |
| 844 foobar */ | |
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845 < A match for "foobar" is found, because this line is not recognized as |
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846 a comment (even though syntax highlighting does recognize it). |
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847 Note: Since a macro definition mostly doesn't look like a comment, the |
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848 [!] makes no difference for ":dlist", ":dsearch" and ":djump". |
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849 [/] A pattern can be surrounded by '/'. Without '/' only whole words are |
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850 matched, using the pattern "\<pattern\>". Only after the second '/' a |
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851 next command can be appended with '|'. Example: > |
| 7 | 852 :isearch /string/ | echo "the last one" |
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853 < For a ":djump", ":dsplit", ":dlist" and ":dsearch" command the pattern |
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854 is used as a literal string, not as a search pattern. |
| 7 | 855 |
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856 ============================================================================== |
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857 7. Using 'tagfunc' *tag-function* |
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858 |
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859 It is possible to provide Vim with a function which will generate a list of |
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860 tags used for commands like |:tag|, |:tselect| and Normal mode tag commands |
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861 like |CTRL-]|. |
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862 |
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863 The function used for generating the taglist is specified by setting the |
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864 'tagfunc' option. The function will be called with three arguments: |
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865 a:pattern The tag identifier used during the tag search. |
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866 a:flags List of flags to control the function behavior. |
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867 a:info Dict containing the following entries: |
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868 buf_ffname Full filename which can be used for priority. |
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869 user_data Custom data String, if stored in the tag |
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870 stack previously by tagfunc. |
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871 |
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872 Currently two flags may be passed to the tag function: |
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873 'c' The function was invoked by a normal command being processed |
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874 (mnemonic: the tag function may use the context around the |
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875 cursor to perform a better job of generating the tag list.) |
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876 'i' In Insert mode, the user was completing a tag (with |
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877 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-]|). |
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878 |
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879 Note that when 'tagfunc' is set, the priority of the tags described in |
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880 |tag-priority| does not apply. Instead, the priority is exactly as the |
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881 ordering of the elements in the list returned by the function. |
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882 *E987* |
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883 The function should return a List of Dict entries. Each Dict must at least |
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884 include the following entries and each value must be a string: |
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885 name Name of the tag. |
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886 filename Name of the file where the tag is defined. It is |
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887 either relative to the current directory or a full path. |
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888 cmd Ex command used to locate the tag in the file. This |
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889 can be either an Ex search pattern or a line number. |
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890 Note that the format is similar to that of |taglist()|, which makes it possible |
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891 to use its output to generate the result. |
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892 The following fields are optional: |
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893 kind Type of the tag. |
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894 user_data String of custom data stored in the tag stack which |
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895 can be used to disambiguate tags between operations. |
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896 |
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897 If the function returns |v:null| instead of a List, a standard tag lookup will |
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898 be performed instead. |
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899 |
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900 It is not allowed to change the tagstack from inside 'tagfunc'. *E986* |
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901 |
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902 The following is a hypothetical example of a function used for 'tagfunc'. It |
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903 uses the output of |taglist()| to generate the result: a list of tags in the |
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904 inverse order of file names. |
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905 > |
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906 function! TagFunc(pattern, flags, info) |
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907 function! CompareFilenames(item1, item2) |
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908 let f1 = a:item1['filename'] |
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909 let f2 = a:item2['filename'] |
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910 return f1 >=# f2 ? |
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911 \ -1 : f1 <=# f2 ? 1 : 0 |
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912 endfunction |
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913 |
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914 let result = taglist(a:pattern) |
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915 call sort(result, "CompareFilenames") |
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916 |
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917 return result |
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918 endfunc |
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919 set tagfunc=TagFunc |
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920 < |
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921 |
| 14421 | 922 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |