view src/gui_dwrite.cpp @ 32936:c517845bd10e v9.0.1776

patch 9.0.1776: No support for stable Python 3 ABI Commit: https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/c13b3d1350b60b94fe87f0761ea31c0e7fb6ebf3 Author: Yee Cheng Chin <ychin.git@gmail.com> Date: Sun Aug 20 21:18:38 2023 +0200 patch 9.0.1776: No support for stable Python 3 ABI Problem: No support for stable Python 3 ABI Solution: Support Python 3 stable ABI Commits: 1) Support Python 3 stable ABI to allow mixed version interoperatbility Vim currently supports embedding Python for use with plugins, and the "dynamic" linking option allows the user to specify a locally installed version of Python by setting `pythonthreedll`. However, one caveat is that the Python 3 libs are not binary compatible across minor versions, and mixing versions can potentially be dangerous (e.g. let's say Vim was linked against the Python 3.10 SDK, but the user sets `pythonthreedll` to a 3.11 lib). Usually, nothing bad happens, but in theory this could lead to crashes, memory corruption, and other unpredictable behaviors. It's also difficult for the user to tell something is wrong because Vim has no way of reporting what Python 3 version Vim was linked with. For Vim installed via a package manager, this usually isn't an issue because all the dependencies would already be figured out. For prebuilt Vim binaries like MacVim (my motivation for working on this), AppImage, and Win32 installer this could potentially be an issue as usually a single binary is distributed. This is more tricky when a new Python version is released, as there's a chicken-and-egg issue with deciding what Python version to build against and hard to keep in sync when a new Python version just drops and we have a mix of users of different Python versions, and a user just blindly upgrading to a new Python could lead to bad interactions with Vim. Python 3 does have a solution for this problem: stable ABI / limited API (see https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/stable.html). The C SDK limits the API to a set of functions that are promised to be stable across versions. This pull request adds an ifdef config that allows us to turn it on when building Vim. Vim binaries built with this option should be safe to freely link with any Python 3 libraies without having the constraint of having to use the same minor version. Note: Python 2 has no such concept and this doesn't change how Python 2 integration works (not that there is going to be a new version of Python 2 that would cause compatibility issues in the future anyway). --- Technical details: ====== The stable ABI can be accessed when we compile with the Python 3 limited API (by defining `Py_LIMITED_API`). The Python 3 code (in `if_python3.c` and `if_py_both.h`) would now handle this and switch to limited API mode. Without it set, Vim will still use the full API as before so this is an opt-in change. The main difference is that `PyType_Object` is now an opaque struct that we can't directly create "static types" out of, and we have to create type objects as "heap types" instead. This is because the struct is not stable and changes from version to version (e.g. 3.8 added a `tp_vectorcall` field to it). I had to change all the types to be allocated on the heap instead with just a pointer to them. Other functions are also simply missing in limited API, or they are introduced too late (e.g. `PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize` in 3.10) to it that we need some other ways to do the same thing, so I had to abstract a few things into macros, and sometimes re-implement functions like `PyObject_NEW`. One caveat is that in limited API, `OutputType` (used for replacing `sys.stdout`) no longer inherits from `PyStdPrinter_Type` which I don't think has any real issue other than minor differences in how they convert to a string and missing a couple functions like `mode()` and `fileno()`. Also fixed an existing bug where `tp_basicsize` was set incorrectly for `BufferObject`, `TabListObject, `WinListObject`. Technically, there could be a small performance drop, there is a little more indirection with accessing type objects, and some APIs like `PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize` are missing, but in practice I didn't see any difference, and any well-written Python plugin should try to avoid excessing callbacks to the `vim` module in Python anyway. I only tested limited API mode down to Python 3.7, which seemes to compile and work fine. I haven't tried earlier Python versions. 2) Fix PyIter_Check on older Python vers / type##Ptr unused warning For PyIter_Check, older versions exposed them as either macros (used in full API), or a function (for use in limited API). A previous change exposed PyIter_Check to the dynamic build because Python just moved it to function-only in 3.10 anyway. Because of that, just make sure we always grab the function in dynamic builds in earlier versions since that's what Python eventually did anyway. 3) Move Py_LIMITED_API define to configure script Can now use --with-python-stable-abi flag to customize what stable ABI version to target. Can also use an env var to do so as well. 4) Show +python/dyn-stable in :version, and allow has() feature query Not sure if the "/dyn-stable" suffix would break things, or whether we should do it another way. Or just don't show it in version and rely on has() feature checking. 5) Documentation first draft. Still need to implement v:python3_version 6) Fix PyIter_Check build breaks when compiling against Python 3.8 7) Add CI coverage stable ABI on Linux/Windows / make configurable on Windows This adds configurable options for Windows make files (both MinGW and MSVC). CI will also now exercise both traditional full API and stable ABI for Linux and Windows in the matrix for coverage. Also added a "dynamic" option to Linux matrix as a drive-by change to make other scripting languages like Ruby / Perl testable under both static and dynamic builds. 8) Fix inaccuracy in Windows docs Python's own docs are confusing but you don't actually want to use `python3.dll` for the dynamic linkage. 9) Add generated autoconf file 10) Add v:python3_version support This variable indicates the version of Python3 that Vim was built against (PY_VERSION_HEX), and will be useful to check whether the Python library you are loading in dynamically actually fits it. When built with stable ABI, it will be the limited ABI version instead (`Py_LIMITED_API`), which indicates the minimum version of Python 3 the user should have, rather than the exact match. When stable ABI is used, we won't be exposing PY_VERSION_HEX in this var because it just doesn't seem necessary to do so (the whole point of stable ABI is the promise that it will work across versions), and I don't want to confuse the user with too many variables. Also, cleaned up some documentation, and added help tags. 11) Fix Python 3.7 compat issues Fix a couple issues when using limited API < 3.8 - Crash on exit: In Python 3.7, if a heap-allocated type is destroyed before all instances are, it would cause a crash later. This happens when we destroyed `OptionsType` before calling `Py_Finalize` when using the limited API. To make it worse, later versions changed the semantics and now each instance has a strong reference to its own type and the recommendation has changed to have each instance de-ref its own type and have its type in GC traversal. To avoid dealing with these cross-version variations, we just don't free the heap type. They are static types in non-limited-API anyway and are designed to last through the entirety of the app, and we also don't restart the Python runtime and therefore do not need it to have absolutely 0 leaks. See: - https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.8.html#changes-in-the-c-api - https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.9.html#changes-in-the-c-api - PyIter_Check: This function is not provided in limited APIs older than 3.8. Previously I was trying to mock it out using manual PyType_GetSlot() but it was brittle and also does not actually work properly for static types (it will generate a Python error). Just return false. It does mean using limited API < 3.8 is not recommended as you lose the functionality to handle iterators, but from playing with plugins I couldn't find it to be an issue. - Fix loading of PyIter_Check so it will be done when limited API < 3.8. Otherwise loading a 3.7 Python lib will fail even if limited API was specified to use it. 12) Make sure to only load `PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize` in needed in limited API We don't use this function unless limited API >= 3.10, but we were loading it regardless. Usually it's ok in Unix-like systems where Python just has a single lib that we load from, but in Windows where there is a separate python3.dll this would not work as the symbol would not have been exposed in this more limited DLL file. This makes it much clearer under what condition is this function needed. closes: #12032 Signed-off-by: Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org> Co-authored-by: Yee Cheng Chin <ychin.git@gmail.com>
author Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
date Sun, 20 Aug 2023 21:30:04 +0200
parents faf7fcd1c8d5
children
line wrap: on
line source

/* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: */
/*
 * Author: MURAOKA Taro <koron.kaoriya@gmail.com>
 *
 * Contributors:
 *  - Ken Takata
 *  - Yasuhiro Matsumoto
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2013 MURAOKA Taro <koron.kaoriya@gmail.com>
 * THIS FILE IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE VIM LICENSE.
 */

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#ifndef DYNAMIC_DIRECTX
# if WINVER < 0x0600
#  error WINVER must be 0x0600 or above to use DirectWrite(DirectX)
# endif
#endif

#include <windows.h>
#include <crtdbg.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <d2d1.h>
#include <d2d1helper.h>

// Disable these macros to compile with old VC and newer SDK (V8.1 or later).
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER < 1700)
# define _COM_Outptr_ __out
# define _In_reads_(s)
# define _In_reads_opt_(s)
# define _Maybenull_
# define _Out_writes_(s)
# define _Out_writes_opt_(s)
# define _Out_writes_to_(x, y)
# define _Out_writes_to_opt_(x, y)
# define _Outptr_
#endif

#ifdef FEAT_DIRECTX_COLOR_EMOJI
# include <dwrite_2.h>
#else
# include <dwrite.h>
#endif

#include "gui_dwrite.h"

#ifdef __MINGW32__
# define __maybenull	SAL__maybenull
# define __in		SAL__in
# define __out		SAL__out
#endif

#ifdef __MINGW32__
# define UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
#else
# define UNUSED
#endif

#if (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1700)) || (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
# define FINAL final
#else
# define FINAL
#endif

#ifdef DYNAMIC_DIRECTX
extern "C" HINSTANCE vimLoadLib(const char *name);

typedef int (WINAPI *PGETUSERDEFAULTLOCALENAME)(LPWSTR, int);
typedef HRESULT (WINAPI *PD2D1CREATEFACTORY)(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE,
	REFIID, const D2D1_FACTORY_OPTIONS *, void **);
typedef HRESULT (WINAPI *PDWRITECREATEFACTORY)(DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE,
	REFIID, IUnknown **);

static HINSTANCE hD2D1DLL = NULL;
static HINSTANCE hDWriteDLL = NULL;

static PGETUSERDEFAULTLOCALENAME pGetUserDefaultLocaleName = NULL;
static PD2D1CREATEFACTORY pD2D1CreateFactory = NULL;
static PDWRITECREATEFACTORY pDWriteCreateFactory = NULL;

#define GetUserDefaultLocaleName	(*pGetUserDefaultLocaleName)
#define D2D1CreateFactory		(*pD2D1CreateFactory)
#define DWriteCreateFactory		(*pDWriteCreateFactory)

    static void
unload(HINSTANCE &hinst)
{
    if (hinst != NULL)
    {
	FreeLibrary(hinst);
	hinst = NULL;
    }
}
#endif // DYNAMIC_DIRECTX

template <class T> inline void SafeRelease(T **ppT)
{
    if (*ppT)
    {
	(*ppT)->Release();
	*ppT = NULL;
    }
}

    static DWRITE_PIXEL_GEOMETRY
ToPixelGeometry(int value)
{
    switch (value)
    {
	default:
	case 0:
	    return DWRITE_PIXEL_GEOMETRY_FLAT;
	case 1:
	    return DWRITE_PIXEL_GEOMETRY_RGB;
	case 2:
	    return DWRITE_PIXEL_GEOMETRY_BGR;
    }
}

    static int
ToInt(DWRITE_PIXEL_GEOMETRY value)
{
    switch (value)
    {
	case DWRITE_PIXEL_GEOMETRY_FLAT:
	    return 0;
	case DWRITE_PIXEL_GEOMETRY_RGB:
	    return 1;
	case DWRITE_PIXEL_GEOMETRY_BGR:
	    return 2;
	default:
	    return -1;
    }
}

    static DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE
ToRenderingMode(int value)
{
    switch (value)
    {
	default:
	case 0:
	    return DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_DEFAULT;
	case 1:
	    return DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_ALIASED;
	case 2:
	    return DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_CLEARTYPE_GDI_CLASSIC;
	case 3:
	    return DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_CLEARTYPE_GDI_NATURAL;
	case 4:
	    return DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_CLEARTYPE_NATURAL;
	case 5:
	    return DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_CLEARTYPE_NATURAL_SYMMETRIC;
	case 6:
	    return DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_OUTLINE;
    }
}

    static D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE
ToTextAntialiasMode(int value)
{
    switch (value)
    {
	default:
	case 0:
	    return D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE_DEFAULT;
	case 1:
	    return D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE_CLEARTYPE;
	case 2:
	    return D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE_GRAYSCALE;
	case 3:
	    return D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE_ALIASED;
    }
}

    static int
ToInt(DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE value)
{
    switch (value)
    {
	case DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_DEFAULT:
	    return 0;
	case DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_ALIASED:
	    return 1;
	case DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_CLEARTYPE_GDI_CLASSIC:
	    return 2;
	case DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_CLEARTYPE_GDI_NATURAL:
	    return 3;
	case DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_CLEARTYPE_NATURAL:
	    return 4;
	case DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_CLEARTYPE_NATURAL_SYMMETRIC:
	    return 5;
	case DWRITE_RENDERING_MODE_OUTLINE:
	    return 6;
	default:
	    return -1;
    }
}

class FontCache {
public:
    struct Item {
	HFONT              hFont;
	IDWriteTextFormat* pTextFormat;
	DWRITE_FONT_WEIGHT fontWeight;
	DWRITE_FONT_STYLE  fontStyle;
	Item() : hFont(NULL), pTextFormat(NULL) {}
    };

private:
    int mSize;
    Item *mItems;

public:
    FontCache(int size = 2) :
	mSize(size),
	mItems(new Item[size])
    {
    }

    ~FontCache()
    {
	for (int i = 0; i < mSize; ++i)
	    SafeRelease(&mItems[i].pTextFormat);
	delete[] mItems;
    }

    bool get(HFONT hFont, Item &item)
    {
	int n = find(hFont);
	if (n < 0)
	    return false;
	item = mItems[n];
	slide(n);
	return true;
    }

    void put(const Item& item)
    {
	int n = find(item.hFont);
	if (n < 0)
	    n = mSize - 1;
	if (mItems[n].pTextFormat != item.pTextFormat)
	{
	    SafeRelease(&mItems[n].pTextFormat);
	    if (item.pTextFormat != NULL)
		item.pTextFormat->AddRef();
	}
	mItems[n] = item;
	slide(n);
    }

private:
    int find(HFONT hFont)
    {
	for (int i = 0; i < mSize; ++i)
	{
	    if (mItems[i].hFont == hFont)
		return i;
	}
	return -1;
    }

    void slide(int nextTop)
    {
	if (nextTop == 0)
	    return;
	Item tmp = mItems[nextTop];
	for (int i = nextTop - 1; i >= 0; --i)
	    mItems[i + 1] = mItems[i];
	mItems[0] = tmp;
    }
};

enum DrawingMode {
    DM_GDI = 0,
    DM_DIRECTX = 1,
    DM_INTEROP = 2,
};

struct DWriteContext {
    HDC mHDC;
    RECT mBindRect;
    DrawingMode mDMode;
    HDC mInteropHDC;
    bool mDrawing;
    bool mFallbackDC;

    ID2D1Factory *mD2D1Factory;

    ID2D1DCRenderTarget *mRT;
    ID2D1GdiInteropRenderTarget *mGDIRT;
    ID2D1SolidColorBrush *mBrush;
    ID2D1Bitmap *mBitmap;

    IDWriteFactory *mDWriteFactory;
#ifdef FEAT_DIRECTX_COLOR_EMOJI
    IDWriteFactory2 *mDWriteFactory2;
#endif

    IDWriteGdiInterop *mGdiInterop;
    IDWriteRenderingParams *mRenderingParams;

    FontCache mFontCache;
    IDWriteTextFormat *mTextFormat;
    DWRITE_FONT_WEIGHT mFontWeight;
    DWRITE_FONT_STYLE mFontStyle;

    D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE mTextAntialiasMode;

    // METHODS

    DWriteContext();

    virtual ~DWriteContext();

    HRESULT CreateDeviceResources();

    void DiscardDeviceResources();

    HRESULT CreateTextFormatFromLOGFONT(const LOGFONTW &logFont,
	    IDWriteTextFormat **ppTextFormat);

    HRESULT SetFontByLOGFONT(const LOGFONTW &logFont);

    void SetFont(HFONT hFont);

    void Rebind();

    void BindDC(HDC hdc, const RECT *rect);

    HRESULT SetDrawingMode(DrawingMode mode);

    ID2D1Brush* SolidBrush(COLORREF color);

    void DrawText(const WCHAR *text, int len,
	int x, int y, int w, int h, int cellWidth, COLORREF color,
	UINT fuOptions, const RECT *lprc, const INT *lpDx);

    void FillRect(const RECT *rc, COLORREF color);

    void DrawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, COLORREF color);

    void SetPixel(int x, int y, COLORREF color);

    void Scroll(int x, int y, const RECT *rc);

    void Flush();

    void SetRenderingParams(
	    const DWriteRenderingParams *params);

    DWriteRenderingParams *GetRenderingParams(
	    DWriteRenderingParams *params);
};

class AdjustedGlyphRun : public DWRITE_GLYPH_RUN
{
private:
    FLOAT &mAccum;
    FLOAT mDelta;
    FLOAT *mAdjustedAdvances;

public:
    AdjustedGlyphRun(
	    const DWRITE_GLYPH_RUN *glyphRun,
	    FLOAT cellWidth,
	    FLOAT &accum) :
	DWRITE_GLYPH_RUN(*glyphRun),
	mAccum(accum),
	mDelta(0.0f),
	mAdjustedAdvances(new FLOAT[glyphRun->glyphCount])
    {
	assert(cellWidth != 0.0f);
	for (UINT32 i = 0; i < glyphRun->glyphCount; ++i)
	{
	    FLOAT orig = glyphRun->glyphAdvances[i];
	    FLOAT adjusted = adjustToCell(orig, cellWidth);
	    mAdjustedAdvances[i] = adjusted;
	    mDelta += adjusted - orig;
	}
	glyphAdvances = mAdjustedAdvances;
    }

    ~AdjustedGlyphRun()
    {
	mAccum += mDelta;
	delete[] mAdjustedAdvances;
    }

    static FLOAT adjustToCell(FLOAT value, FLOAT cellWidth)
    {
	int cellCount = int(floor(value / cellWidth + 0.5f));
	if (cellCount < 1)
	    cellCount = 1;
	return cellCount * cellWidth;
    }
};

struct TextRendererContext {
    // const fields.
    COLORREF color;
    FLOAT cellWidth;

    // working fields.
    FLOAT offsetX;
};

class TextRenderer FINAL : public IDWriteTextRenderer
{
public:
    TextRenderer(
	    DWriteContext* pDWC) :
	cRefCount_(0),
	pDWC_(pDWC)
    {
	AddRef();
    }

    // add "virtual" to avoid a compiler warning
    virtual ~TextRenderer()
    {
    }

    IFACEMETHOD(IsPixelSnappingDisabled)(
	__maybenull void* clientDrawingContext UNUSED,
	__out BOOL* isDisabled)
    {
	*isDisabled = FALSE;
	return S_OK;
    }

    IFACEMETHOD(GetCurrentTransform)(
	__maybenull void* clientDrawingContext UNUSED,
	__out DWRITE_MATRIX* transform)
    {
	// forward the render target's transform
	pDWC_->mRT->GetTransform(
		reinterpret_cast<D2D1_MATRIX_3X2_F*>(transform));
	return S_OK;
    }

    IFACEMETHOD(GetPixelsPerDip)(
	__maybenull void* clientDrawingContext UNUSED,
	__out FLOAT* pixelsPerDip)
    {
	float dpiX, unused;
	pDWC_->mRT->GetDpi(&dpiX, &unused);
	*pixelsPerDip = dpiX / 96.0f;
	return S_OK;
    }

    IFACEMETHOD(DrawUnderline)(
	__maybenull void* clientDrawingContext UNUSED,
	FLOAT baselineOriginX UNUSED,
	FLOAT baselineOriginY UNUSED,
	__in DWRITE_UNDERLINE const* underline UNUSED,
	IUnknown* clientDrawingEffect UNUSED)
    {
	return E_NOTIMPL;
    }

    IFACEMETHOD(DrawStrikethrough)(
	__maybenull void* clientDrawingContext UNUSED,
	FLOAT baselineOriginX UNUSED,
	FLOAT baselineOriginY UNUSED,
	__in DWRITE_STRIKETHROUGH const* strikethrough UNUSED,
	IUnknown* clientDrawingEffect UNUSED)
    {
	return E_NOTIMPL;
    }

    IFACEMETHOD(DrawInlineObject)(
	__maybenull void* clientDrawingContext UNUSED,
	FLOAT originX UNUSED,
	FLOAT originY UNUSED,
	IDWriteInlineObject* inlineObject UNUSED,
	BOOL isSideways UNUSED,
	BOOL isRightToLeft UNUSED,
	IUnknown* clientDrawingEffect UNUSED)
    {
	return E_NOTIMPL;
    }

    IFACEMETHOD(DrawGlyphRun)(
	__maybenull void* clientDrawingContext,
	FLOAT baselineOriginX,
	FLOAT baselineOriginY,
	DWRITE_MEASURING_MODE measuringMode UNUSED,
	__in DWRITE_GLYPH_RUN const* glyphRun,
	__in DWRITE_GLYPH_RUN_DESCRIPTION const* glyphRunDescription UNUSED,
	IUnknown* clientDrawingEffect UNUSED)
    {
	TextRendererContext *context =
	    reinterpret_cast<TextRendererContext*>(clientDrawingContext);

	AdjustedGlyphRun adjustedGlyphRun(glyphRun, context->cellWidth,
		context->offsetX);

#ifdef FEAT_DIRECTX_COLOR_EMOJI
	if (pDWC_->mDWriteFactory2 != NULL)
	{
	    IDWriteColorGlyphRunEnumerator *enumerator = NULL;
	    HRESULT hr = pDWC_->mDWriteFactory2->TranslateColorGlyphRun(
		baselineOriginX + context->offsetX,
		baselineOriginY,
		&adjustedGlyphRun,
		NULL,
		DWRITE_MEASURING_MODE_GDI_NATURAL,
		NULL,
		0,
		&enumerator);
	    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	    {
		// Draw by IDWriteFactory2 for color emoji
		BOOL hasRun = TRUE;
		enumerator->MoveNext(&hasRun);
		while (hasRun)
		{
		    const DWRITE_COLOR_GLYPH_RUN* colorGlyphRun;
		    enumerator->GetCurrentRun(&colorGlyphRun);

		    pDWC_->mBrush->SetColor(colorGlyphRun->runColor);
		    pDWC_->mRT->DrawGlyphRun(
			    D2D1::Point2F(
				colorGlyphRun->baselineOriginX,
				colorGlyphRun->baselineOriginY),
			    &colorGlyphRun->glyphRun,
			    pDWC_->mBrush,
			    DWRITE_MEASURING_MODE_NATURAL);
		    enumerator->MoveNext(&hasRun);
		}
		SafeRelease(&enumerator);
		return S_OK;
	    }
	}
#endif

	// Draw by IDWriteFactory (without color emoji)
	pDWC_->mRT->DrawGlyphRun(
		D2D1::Point2F(
		    baselineOriginX + context->offsetX,
		    baselineOriginY),
		&adjustedGlyphRun,
		pDWC_->SolidBrush(context->color),
		DWRITE_MEASURING_MODE_NATURAL);
	return S_OK;
    }

public:
    IFACEMETHOD_(unsigned long, AddRef) ()
    {
	return InterlockedIncrement(&cRefCount_);
    }

    IFACEMETHOD_(unsigned long, Release) ()
    {
	long newCount = InterlockedDecrement(&cRefCount_);

	if (newCount == 0)
	{
	    delete this;
	    return 0;
	}
	return newCount;
    }

    IFACEMETHOD(QueryInterface)(
	IID const& riid,
	void** ppvObject)
    {
	if (__uuidof(IDWriteTextRenderer) == riid)
	{
	    *ppvObject = this;
	}
	else if (__uuidof(IDWritePixelSnapping) == riid)
	{
	    *ppvObject = this;
	}
	else if (__uuidof(IUnknown) == riid)
	{
	    *ppvObject = this;
	}
	else
	{
	    *ppvObject = NULL;
	    return E_FAIL;
	}

	return S_OK;
    }

private:
    long cRefCount_;
    DWriteContext* pDWC_;
};

DWriteContext::DWriteContext() :
    mHDC(NULL),
    mBindRect(),
    mDMode(DM_GDI),
    mInteropHDC(NULL),
    mDrawing(false),
    mFallbackDC(false),
    mD2D1Factory(NULL),
    mRT(NULL),
    mGDIRT(NULL),
    mBrush(NULL),
    mBitmap(NULL),
    mDWriteFactory(NULL),
#ifdef FEAT_DIRECTX_COLOR_EMOJI
    mDWriteFactory2(NULL),
#endif
    mGdiInterop(NULL),
    mRenderingParams(NULL),
    mFontCache(8),
    mTextFormat(NULL),
    mFontWeight(DWRITE_FONT_WEIGHT_NORMAL),
    mFontStyle(DWRITE_FONT_STYLE_NORMAL),
    mTextAntialiasMode(D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE_DEFAULT)
{
    HRESULT hr;

    hr = D2D1CreateFactory(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_SINGLE_THREADED,
	    __uuidof(ID2D1Factory), NULL,
	    reinterpret_cast<void**>(&mD2D1Factory));
    _RPT2(_CRT_WARN, "D2D1CreateFactory: hr=%p p=%p\n", hr, mD2D1Factory);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	hr = DWriteCreateFactory(
		DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED,
		__uuidof(IDWriteFactory),
		reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&mDWriteFactory));
	_RPT2(_CRT_WARN, "DWriteCreateFactory: hr=%p p=%p\n", hr,
		mDWriteFactory);
    }

#ifdef FEAT_DIRECTX_COLOR_EMOJI
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	DWriteCreateFactory(
		DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED,
		__uuidof(IDWriteFactory2),
		reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&mDWriteFactory2));
	_RPT1(_CRT_WARN, "IDWriteFactory2: %s\n", SUCCEEDED(hr) ? "available" : "not available");
    }
#endif

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	hr = mDWriteFactory->GetGdiInterop(&mGdiInterop);
	_RPT2(_CRT_WARN, "GetGdiInterop: hr=%p p=%p\n", hr, mGdiInterop);
    }

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	hr = mDWriteFactory->CreateRenderingParams(&mRenderingParams);
	_RPT2(_CRT_WARN, "CreateRenderingParams: hr=%p p=%p\n", hr,
		mRenderingParams);
    }
}

DWriteContext::~DWriteContext()
{
    SafeRelease(&mTextFormat);
    SafeRelease(&mRenderingParams);
    SafeRelease(&mGdiInterop);
    SafeRelease(&mDWriteFactory);
#ifdef FEAT_DIRECTX_COLOR_EMOJI
    SafeRelease(&mDWriteFactory2);
#endif
    SafeRelease(&mBitmap);
    SafeRelease(&mBrush);
    SafeRelease(&mGDIRT);
    SafeRelease(&mRT);
    SafeRelease(&mD2D1Factory);
}

    HRESULT
DWriteContext::CreateDeviceResources()
{
    HRESULT hr;

    if (mRT != NULL)
	return S_OK;

    D2D1_RENDER_TARGET_PROPERTIES props = {
	D2D1_RENDER_TARGET_TYPE_DEFAULT,
	{ DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, D2D1_ALPHA_MODE_IGNORE },
	0, 0,
	D2D1_RENDER_TARGET_USAGE_GDI_COMPATIBLE,
	D2D1_FEATURE_LEVEL_DEFAULT
    };
    hr = mD2D1Factory->CreateDCRenderTarget(&props, &mRT);
    _RPT2(_CRT_WARN, "CreateDCRenderTarget: hr=%p p=%p\n", hr, mRT);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	// This always succeeds.
	mRT->QueryInterface(
		__uuidof(ID2D1GdiInteropRenderTarget),
		reinterpret_cast<void**>(&mGDIRT));
	_RPT1(_CRT_WARN, "GdiInteropRenderTarget: p=%p\n", mGDIRT);
    }

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	hr = mRT->CreateSolidColorBrush(
		D2D1::ColorF(D2D1::ColorF::Black),
		&mBrush);
	_RPT2(_CRT_WARN, "CreateSolidColorBrush: hr=%p p=%p\n", hr, mBrush);
    }

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	Rebind();

    return hr;
}

    void
DWriteContext::DiscardDeviceResources()
{
    SafeRelease(&mBitmap);
    SafeRelease(&mBrush);
    SafeRelease(&mGDIRT);
    SafeRelease(&mRT);
}

    HRESULT
DWriteContext::CreateTextFormatFromLOGFONT(const LOGFONTW &logFont,
	IDWriteTextFormat **ppTextFormat)
{
    // Most of this function is copied from: https://github.com/Microsoft/Windows-classic-samples/blob/master/Samples/Win7Samples/multimedia/DirectWrite/RenderTest/TextHelpers.cpp
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IDWriteTextFormat *pTextFormat = NULL;

    IDWriteFont *font = NULL;
    IDWriteFontFamily *fontFamily = NULL;
    IDWriteLocalizedStrings *localizedFamilyNames = NULL;
    float fontSize = 0;

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	hr = mGdiInterop->CreateFontFromLOGFONT(&logFont, &font);
    }

    // Get the font family to which this font belongs.
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	hr = font->GetFontFamily(&fontFamily);
    }

    // Get the family names. This returns an object that encapsulates one or
    // more names with the same meaning but in different languages.
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	hr = fontFamily->GetFamilyNames(&localizedFamilyNames);
    }

    // Get the family name at index zero. If we were going to display the name
    // we'd want to try to find one that matched the use locale, but for
    // purposes of creating a text format object any language will do.

    wchar_t familyName[100];
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	hr = localizedFamilyNames->GetString(0, familyName,
		ARRAYSIZE(familyName));
    }

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	// Use lfHeight of the LOGFONT as font size.
	fontSize = float(logFont.lfHeight);

	if (fontSize < 0)
	{
	    // Negative lfHeight represents the size of the em unit.
	    fontSize = -fontSize;
	}
	else
	{
	    // Positive lfHeight represents the cell height (ascent +
	    // descent).
	    DWRITE_FONT_METRICS fontMetrics;
	    font->GetMetrics(&fontMetrics);

	    // Convert the cell height (ascent + descent) from design units
	    // to ems.
	    float cellHeight = static_cast<float>(
		    fontMetrics.ascent + fontMetrics.descent)
		/ fontMetrics.designUnitsPerEm;

	    // Divide the font size by the cell height to get the font em
	    // size.
	    fontSize /= cellHeight;
	}
    }

    // The text format includes a locale name. Ideally, this would be the
    // language of the text, which may or may not be the same as the primary
    // language of the user. However, for our purposes the user locale will do.
    wchar_t localeName[LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH];
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	if (GetUserDefaultLocaleName(localeName, LOCALE_NAME_MAX_LENGTH) == 0)
	    hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(GetLastError());
    }

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	// Create the text format object.
	hr = mDWriteFactory->CreateTextFormat(
		familyName,
		NULL, // no custom font collection
		font->GetWeight(),
		font->GetStyle(),
		font->GetStretch(),
		fontSize,
		localeName,
		&pTextFormat);
    }

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	hr = pTextFormat->SetTextAlignment(DWRITE_TEXT_ALIGNMENT_LEADING);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	hr = pTextFormat->SetParagraphAlignment(
		DWRITE_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT_FAR);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	hr = pTextFormat->SetWordWrapping(DWRITE_WORD_WRAPPING_NO_WRAP);

    SafeRelease(&localizedFamilyNames);
    SafeRelease(&fontFamily);
    SafeRelease(&font);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	*ppTextFormat = pTextFormat;
    else
	SafeRelease(&pTextFormat);

    return hr;
}

    HRESULT
DWriteContext::SetFontByLOGFONT(const LOGFONTW &logFont)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;
    IDWriteTextFormat *pTextFormat = NULL;

    hr = CreateTextFormatFromLOGFONT(logFont, &pTextFormat);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	SafeRelease(&mTextFormat);
	mTextFormat = pTextFormat;
	mFontWeight = static_cast<DWRITE_FONT_WEIGHT>(logFont.lfWeight);
	mFontStyle = logFont.lfItalic ? DWRITE_FONT_STYLE_ITALIC
	    : DWRITE_FONT_STYLE_NORMAL;
    }

    return hr;
}

    void
DWriteContext::SetFont(HFONT hFont)
{
    FontCache::Item item;
    if (mFontCache.get(hFont, item))
    {
	if (item.pTextFormat != NULL)
	{
	    item.pTextFormat->AddRef();
	    SafeRelease(&mTextFormat);
	    mTextFormat = item.pTextFormat;
	    mFontWeight = item.fontWeight;
	    mFontStyle = item.fontStyle;
	    mFallbackDC = false;
	}
	else
	    mFallbackDC = true;
	return;
    }

    HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
    LOGFONTW lf;
    if (GetObjectW(hFont, sizeof(lf), &lf))
	hr = SetFontByLOGFONT(lf);

    item.hFont = hFont;
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	item.pTextFormat = mTextFormat;
	item.fontWeight = mFontWeight;
	item.fontStyle = mFontStyle;
	mFallbackDC = false;
    }
    else
	mFallbackDC = true;
    mFontCache.put(item);
}

    void
DWriteContext::Rebind()
{
    SafeRelease(&mBitmap);

    mRT->BindDC(mHDC, &mBindRect);
    mRT->SetTransform(D2D1::IdentityMatrix());

    D2D1_BITMAP_PROPERTIES props = {
	{DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, D2D1_ALPHA_MODE_IGNORE},
	96.0f, 96.0f
    };
    mRT->CreateBitmap(
	    D2D1::SizeU(mBindRect.right - mBindRect.left,
		mBindRect.bottom - mBindRect.top),
	    props, &mBitmap);
}

    void
DWriteContext::BindDC(HDC hdc, const RECT *rect)
{
    mHDC = hdc;
    mBindRect = *rect;

    if (mRT == NULL)
	CreateDeviceResources();
    else
    {
	Flush();
	Rebind();
    }
}

extern "C" void redraw_later_clear(void);

    HRESULT
DWriteContext::SetDrawingMode(DrawingMode mode)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    switch (mode)
    {
	default:
	case DM_GDI:
	    if (mInteropHDC != NULL)
	    {
		mGDIRT->ReleaseDC(NULL);
		mInteropHDC = NULL;
	    }
	    if (mDrawing)
	    {
		hr = mRT->EndDraw();
		if (hr == (HRESULT)D2DERR_RECREATE_TARGET)
		{
		    hr = S_OK;
		    DiscardDeviceResources();
		    CreateDeviceResources();
		    redraw_later_clear();
		}
		mDrawing = false;
	    }
	    break;

	case DM_DIRECTX:
	    if (mInteropHDC != NULL)
	    {
		mGDIRT->ReleaseDC(NULL);
		mInteropHDC = NULL;
	    }
	    else if (mDrawing == false)
	    {
		CreateDeviceResources();
		mRT->BeginDraw();
		mDrawing = true;
	    }
	    break;

	case DM_INTEROP:
	    if (mDrawing == false)
	    {
		CreateDeviceResources();
		mRT->BeginDraw();
		mDrawing = true;
	    }
	    if (mInteropHDC == NULL)
		hr = mGDIRT->GetDC(D2D1_DC_INITIALIZE_MODE_COPY, &mInteropHDC);
	    break;
    }
    mDMode = mode;
    return hr;
}

    ID2D1Brush*
DWriteContext::SolidBrush(COLORREF color)
{
    mBrush->SetColor(D2D1::ColorF(UINT32(GetRValue(color)) << 16 |
		UINT32(GetGValue(color)) << 8 | UINT32(GetBValue(color))));
    return mBrush;
}

    void
DWriteContext::DrawText(const WCHAR *text, int len,
	int x, int y, int w, int h, int cellWidth, COLORREF color,
	UINT fuOptions, const RECT *lprc, const INT *lpDx)
{
    if (mFallbackDC)
    {
	// Fall back to GDI rendering.
	HRESULT hr = SetDrawingMode(DM_INTEROP);
	if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	{
	    HGDIOBJ hFont = ::GetCurrentObject(mHDC, OBJ_FONT);
	    HGDIOBJ hOldFont = ::SelectObject(mInteropHDC, hFont);
	    ::SetTextColor(mInteropHDC, color);
	    ::SetBkMode(mInteropHDC, ::GetBkMode(mHDC));
	    ::ExtTextOutW(mInteropHDC, x, y, fuOptions, lprc, text, len, lpDx);
	    ::SelectObject(mInteropHDC, hOldFont);
	}
	return;
    }

    HRESULT hr;
    IDWriteTextLayout *textLayout = NULL;

    SetDrawingMode(DM_DIRECTX);

    hr = mDWriteFactory->CreateTextLayout(text, len, mTextFormat,
	    FLOAT(w), FLOAT(h), &textLayout);

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
	DWRITE_TEXT_RANGE textRange = { 0, UINT32(len) };
	textLayout->SetFontWeight(mFontWeight, textRange);
	textLayout->SetFontStyle(mFontStyle, textRange);

	TextRenderer renderer(this);
	TextRendererContext context = { color, FLOAT(cellWidth), 0.0f };
	textLayout->Draw(&context, &renderer, FLOAT(x), FLOAT(y));
    }

    SafeRelease(&textLayout);
}

    void
DWriteContext::FillRect(const RECT *rc, COLORREF color)
{
    if (mDMode == DM_INTEROP)
    {
	// GDI functions are used before this call.  Keep using GDI.
	// (Switching to Direct2D causes terrible slowdown.)
	HBRUSH hbr = ::CreateSolidBrush(color);
	::FillRect(mInteropHDC, rc, hbr);
	::DeleteObject(HGDIOBJ(hbr));
    }
    else
    {
	SetDrawingMode(DM_DIRECTX);
	mRT->FillRectangle(
		D2D1::RectF(FLOAT(rc->left), FLOAT(rc->top),
		    FLOAT(rc->right), FLOAT(rc->bottom)),
		SolidBrush(color));
    }
}

    void
DWriteContext::DrawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, COLORREF color)
{
    if (mDMode == DM_INTEROP)
    {
	// GDI functions are used before this call.  Keep using GDI.
	// (Switching to Direct2D causes terrible slowdown.)
	HPEN hpen = ::CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 1, color);
	HGDIOBJ old_pen = ::SelectObject(mInteropHDC, HGDIOBJ(hpen));
	::MoveToEx(mInteropHDC, x1, y1, NULL);
	::LineTo(mInteropHDC, x2, y2);
	::SelectObject(mInteropHDC, old_pen);
	::DeleteObject(HGDIOBJ(hpen));
    }
    else
    {
	SetDrawingMode(DM_DIRECTX);
	mRT->DrawLine(
		D2D1::Point2F(FLOAT(x1), FLOAT(y1) + 0.5f),
		D2D1::Point2F(FLOAT(x2), FLOAT(y2) + 0.5f),
		SolidBrush(color));
    }
}

    void
DWriteContext::SetPixel(int x, int y, COLORREF color)
{
    if (mDMode == DM_INTEROP)
    {
	// GDI functions are used before this call.  Keep using GDI.
	// (Switching to Direct2D causes terrible slowdown.)
	::SetPixel(mInteropHDC, x, y, color);
    }
    else
    {
	SetDrawingMode(DM_DIRECTX);
	// Direct2D doesn't have SetPixel API.  Use DrawLine instead.
	mRT->DrawLine(
		D2D1::Point2F(FLOAT(x), FLOAT(y) + 0.5f),
		D2D1::Point2F(FLOAT(x+1), FLOAT(y) + 0.5f),
		SolidBrush(color));
    }
}

    void
DWriteContext::Scroll(int x, int y, const RECT *rc)
{
    SetDrawingMode(DM_DIRECTX);
    mRT->Flush();

    D2D1_RECT_U srcRect;
    D2D1_POINT_2U destPoint;
    if (x >= 0)
    {
	srcRect.left = rc->left;
	srcRect.right = rc->right - x;
	destPoint.x = rc->left + x;
    }
    else
    {
	srcRect.left = rc->left - x;
	srcRect.right = rc->right;
	destPoint.x = rc->left;
    }
    if (y >= 0)
    {
	srcRect.top = rc->top;
	srcRect.bottom = rc->bottom - y;
	destPoint.y = rc->top + y;
    }
    else
    {
	srcRect.top = rc->top - y;
	srcRect.bottom = rc->bottom;
	destPoint.y = rc->top;
    }
    mBitmap->CopyFromRenderTarget(&destPoint, mRT, &srcRect);

    D2D1_RECT_F destRect = {
	    FLOAT(destPoint.x), FLOAT(destPoint.y),
	    FLOAT(destPoint.x + srcRect.right - srcRect.left),
	    FLOAT(destPoint.y + srcRect.bottom - srcRect.top)
    };
    mRT->DrawBitmap(mBitmap, destRect, 1.0F,
	    D2D1_BITMAP_INTERPOLATION_MODE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR, destRect);
}

    void
DWriteContext::Flush()
{
    SetDrawingMode(DM_GDI);
}

    void
DWriteContext::SetRenderingParams(
	const DWriteRenderingParams *params)
{
    if (mDWriteFactory == NULL)
	return;

    IDWriteRenderingParams *renderingParams = NULL;
    D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE textAntialiasMode =
	D2D1_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_MODE_DEFAULT;
    HRESULT hr;
    if (params != NULL)
    {
	hr = mDWriteFactory->CreateCustomRenderingParams(params->gamma,
		params->enhancedContrast, params->clearTypeLevel,
		ToPixelGeometry(params->pixelGeometry),
		ToRenderingMode(params->renderingMode), &renderingParams);
	textAntialiasMode = ToTextAntialiasMode(params->textAntialiasMode);
    }
    else
	hr = mDWriteFactory->CreateRenderingParams(&renderingParams);
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr) && renderingParams != NULL)
    {
	SafeRelease(&mRenderingParams);
	mRenderingParams = renderingParams;
	mTextAntialiasMode = textAntialiasMode;

	Flush();
	mRT->SetTextRenderingParams(mRenderingParams);
	mRT->SetTextAntialiasMode(mTextAntialiasMode);
    }
}

    DWriteRenderingParams *
DWriteContext::GetRenderingParams(
	DWriteRenderingParams *params)
{
    if (params != NULL && mRenderingParams != NULL)
    {
	params->gamma = mRenderingParams->GetGamma();
	params->enhancedContrast = mRenderingParams->GetEnhancedContrast();
	params->clearTypeLevel = mRenderingParams->GetClearTypeLevel();
	params->pixelGeometry = ToInt(mRenderingParams->GetPixelGeometry());
	params->renderingMode = ToInt(mRenderingParams->GetRenderingMode());
	params->textAntialiasMode = mTextAntialiasMode;
    }
    return params;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// PUBLIC C INTERFACES

    void
DWrite_Init(void)
{
#ifdef DYNAMIC_DIRECTX
    // Load libraries.
    hD2D1DLL = vimLoadLib("d2d1.dll");
    hDWriteDLL = vimLoadLib("dwrite.dll");
    if (hD2D1DLL == NULL || hDWriteDLL == NULL)
    {
	DWrite_Final();
	return;
    }
    // Get address of procedures.
    pGetUserDefaultLocaleName = (PGETUSERDEFAULTLOCALENAME)GetProcAddress(
	    GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "GetUserDefaultLocaleName");
    pD2D1CreateFactory = (PD2D1CREATEFACTORY)GetProcAddress(hD2D1DLL,
	    "D2D1CreateFactory");
    pDWriteCreateFactory = (PDWRITECREATEFACTORY)GetProcAddress(hDWriteDLL,
	    "DWriteCreateFactory");
#endif
}

    void
DWrite_Final(void)
{
#ifdef DYNAMIC_DIRECTX
    pGetUserDefaultLocaleName = NULL;
    pD2D1CreateFactory = NULL;
    pDWriteCreateFactory = NULL;
    unload(hDWriteDLL);
    unload(hD2D1DLL);
#endif
}

    DWriteContext *
DWriteContext_Open(void)
{
#ifdef DYNAMIC_DIRECTX
    if (pGetUserDefaultLocaleName == NULL || pD2D1CreateFactory == NULL
	    || pDWriteCreateFactory == NULL)
	return NULL;
#endif
    return new DWriteContext();
}

    void
DWriteContext_BindDC(DWriteContext *ctx, HDC hdc, const RECT *rect)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->BindDC(hdc, rect);
}

    void
DWriteContext_SetFont(DWriteContext *ctx, HFONT hFont)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->SetFont(hFont);
}

    void
DWriteContext_DrawText(
	DWriteContext *ctx,
	const WCHAR *text,
	int len,
	int x,
	int y,
	int w,
	int h,
	int cellWidth,
	COLORREF color,
	UINT fuOptions,
	const RECT *lprc,
	const INT *lpDx)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->DrawText(text, len, x, y, w, h, cellWidth, color,
		fuOptions, lprc, lpDx);
}

    void
DWriteContext_FillRect(DWriteContext *ctx, const RECT *rc, COLORREF color)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->FillRect(rc, color);
}

    void
DWriteContext_DrawLine(DWriteContext *ctx, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2,
	COLORREF color)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->DrawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
}

    void
DWriteContext_SetPixel(DWriteContext *ctx, int x, int y, COLORREF color)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->SetPixel(x, y, color);
}

    void
DWriteContext_Scroll(DWriteContext *ctx, int x, int y, const RECT *rc)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->Scroll(x, y, rc);
}

    void
DWriteContext_Flush(DWriteContext *ctx)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->Flush();
}

    void
DWriteContext_Close(DWriteContext *ctx)
{
    delete ctx;
}

    void
DWriteContext_SetRenderingParams(
	DWriteContext *ctx,
	const DWriteRenderingParams *params)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	ctx->SetRenderingParams(params);
}

    DWriteRenderingParams *
DWriteContext_GetRenderingParams(
	DWriteContext *ctx,
	DWriteRenderingParams *params)
{
    if (ctx != NULL)
	return ctx->GetRenderingParams(params);
    else
	return NULL;
}