--- a/src/if_ruby.c
+++ b/src/if_ruby.c
@@ -205,6 +205,7 @@ static int ensure_ruby_initialized(void)
 static void error_print(int);
 static void ruby_io_init(void);
 static void ruby_vim_init(void);
+static int ruby_convert_to_vim_value(VALUE val, typval_T *rettv);
 
 #if defined(RUBY19_OR_LATER) || defined(RUBY_INIT_STACK)
 # if defined(__ia64) && !defined(ruby_init_stack)
@@ -259,6 +260,7 @@ static void ruby_vim_init(void);
 # endif
 # define rb_global_variable		dll_rb_global_variable
 # define rb_hash_aset			dll_rb_hash_aset
+# define rb_hash_foreach		dll_rb_hash_foreach
 # define rb_hash_new			dll_rb_hash_new
 # define rb_inspect			dll_rb_inspect
 # define rb_int2inum			dll_rb_int2inum
@@ -275,6 +277,7 @@ static void ruby_vim_init(void);
 #  endif
 #  define rb_num2uint			dll_rb_num2uint
 # endif
+# define rb_num2dbl			dll_rb_num2dbl
 # define rb_lastline_get			dll_rb_lastline_get
 # define rb_lastline_set			dll_rb_lastline_set
 # define rb_protect			dll_rb_protect
@@ -409,6 +412,7 @@ static VALUE (*dll_rb_funcall2) (VALUE, 
 # endif
 static void (*dll_rb_global_variable) (VALUE*);
 static VALUE (*dll_rb_hash_aset) (VALUE, VALUE, VALUE);
+static VALUE (*dll_rb_hash_foreach) (VALUE, int (*)(VALUE, VALUE, VALUE), VALUE);
 static VALUE (*dll_rb_hash_new) (void);
 static VALUE (*dll_rb_inspect) (VALUE);
 static VALUE (*dll_rb_int2inum) (long);
@@ -418,6 +422,7 @@ static long (*dll_rb_fix2int) (VALUE);
 static long (*dll_rb_num2int) (VALUE);
 static unsigned long (*dll_rb_num2uint) (VALUE);
 # endif
+static double (*dll_rb_num2dbl) (VALUE);
 static VALUE (*dll_rb_lastline_get) (void);
 static void (*dll_rb_lastline_set) (VALUE);
 static VALUE (*dll_rb_protect) (VALUE (*)(VALUE), VALUE, int*);
@@ -501,42 +506,50 @@ static void (*dll_rb_gc_writebarrier_unp
 
 # if defined(RUBY19_OR_LATER) && !defined(PROTO)
 #  if defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER) && DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER >= 22
-long rb_num2long_stub(VALUE x)
+    long
+rb_num2long_stub(VALUE x)
 #  else
-SIGNED_VALUE rb_num2long_stub(VALUE x)
+    SIGNED_VALUE
+rb_num2long_stub(VALUE x)
 #  endif
 {
     return dll_rb_num2long(x);
 }
 #  if defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER) && DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER >= 26
-VALUE rb_int2big_stub(intptr_t x)
+    VALUE
+rb_int2big_stub(intptr_t x)
 #  else
-VALUE rb_int2big_stub(SIGNED_VALUE x)
+    VALUE
+rb_int2big_stub(SIGNED_VALUE x)
 #  endif
 {
     return dll_rb_int2big(x);
 }
 #  if defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER) && DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER >= 19 \
 	&& VIM_SIZEOF_INT < VIM_SIZEOF_LONG
-long rb_fix2int_stub(VALUE x)
+    long
+rb_fix2int_stub(VALUE x)
 {
     return dll_rb_fix2int(x);
 }
-long rb_num2int_stub(VALUE x)
+    long
+rb_num2int_stub(VALUE x)
 {
     return dll_rb_num2int(x);
 }
 #  endif
 #  if defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER) && DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER >= 20
-VALUE
+    VALUE
 rb_float_new_in_heap(double d)
 {
     return dll_rb_float_new(d);
 }
 #   if defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER) && DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER >= 22
-unsigned long rb_num2ulong(VALUE x)
+    unsigned long
+rb_num2ulong(VALUE x)
 #   else
-VALUE rb_num2ulong(VALUE x)
+    VALUE
+rb_num2ulong(VALUE x)
 #   endif
 {
     return (long)RSHIFT((SIGNED_VALUE)(x),1);
@@ -547,12 +560,14 @@ VALUE rb_num2ulong(VALUE x)
    /* Do not generate a prototype here, VALUE isn't always defined. */
 # if defined(USE_RGENGC) && USE_RGENGC && !defined(PROTO)
 #  if defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER) && DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER == 21
-void rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect_promoted_stub(VALUE obj)
+    void
+rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect_promoted_stub(VALUE obj)
 {
     dll_rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect_promoted(obj);
 }
 #  else
-void rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect_stub(VALUE obj)
+    void
+rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect_stub(VALUE obj)
 {
     dll_rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect(obj);
 }
@@ -560,7 +575,8 @@ void rb_gc_writebarrier_unprotect_stub(V
 # endif
 
 # if defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER) && DYNAMIC_RUBY_VER >= 26
-void rb_ary_detransient_stub(VALUE x)
+    void
+rb_ary_detransient_stub(VALUE x)
 {
     dll_rb_ary_detransient(x);
 }
@@ -629,6 +645,7 @@ static struct
 # endif
     {"rb_global_variable", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_global_variable},
     {"rb_hash_aset", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_hash_aset},
+    {"rb_hash_foreach", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_hash_foreach},
     {"rb_hash_new", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_hash_new},
     {"rb_inspect", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_inspect},
     {"rb_int2inum", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_int2inum},
@@ -638,6 +655,7 @@ static struct
     {"rb_num2int", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_num2int},
     {"rb_num2uint", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_num2uint},
 # endif
+    {"rb_num2dbl", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_num2dbl},
     {"rb_lastline_get", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_lastline_get},
     {"rb_lastline_set", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_lastline_set},
     {"rb_protect", (RUBY_PROC*)&dll_rb_protect},
@@ -789,7 +807,8 @@ ruby_end(void)
 #endif
 }
 
-void ex_ruby(exarg_T *eap)
+    void
+ex_ruby(exarg_T *eap)
 {
     int state;
     char *script = NULL;
@@ -860,7 +879,8 @@ eval_enc_string_protect(const char *str,
     return rb_eval_string_protect(str, state);
 }
 
-void ex_rubydo(exarg_T *eap)
+    void
+ex_rubydo(exarg_T *eap)
 {
     int state;
     linenr_T i;
@@ -906,13 +926,15 @@ void ex_rubydo(exarg_T *eap)
     }
 }
 
-static VALUE rb_load_wrap(VALUE file_to_load)
+    static VALUE
+rb_load_wrap(VALUE file_to_load)
 {
     rb_load(file_to_load, 0);
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-void ex_rubyfile(exarg_T *eap)
+    void
+ex_rubyfile(exarg_T *eap)
 {
     int state;
 
@@ -925,7 +947,8 @@ void ex_rubyfile(exarg_T *eap)
     }
 }
 
-void ruby_buffer_free(buf_T *buf)
+    void
+ruby_buffer_free(buf_T *buf)
 {
     if (buf->b_ruby_ref)
     {
@@ -934,7 +957,8 @@ void ruby_buffer_free(buf_T *buf)
     }
 }
 
-void ruby_window_free(win_T *win)
+    void
+ruby_window_free(win_T *win)
 {
     if (win->w_ruby_ref)
     {
@@ -943,7 +967,8 @@ void ruby_window_free(win_T *win)
     }
 }
 
-static int ensure_ruby_initialized(void)
+    static int
+ensure_ruby_initialized(void)
 {
     if (!ruby_initialized)
     {
@@ -993,7 +1018,8 @@ static int ensure_ruby_initialized(void)
     return ruby_initialized;
 }
 
-static void error_print(int state)
+    static void
+error_print(int state)
 {
 #if !defined(DYNAMIC_RUBY) && !defined(RUBY19_OR_LATER)
     RUBYEXTERN VALUE ruby_errinfo;
@@ -1018,66 +1044,67 @@ static void error_print(int state)
 
     switch (state)
     {
-    case TAG_RETURN:
-	emsg(_("E267: unexpected return"));
-	break;
-    case TAG_NEXT:
-	emsg(_("E268: unexpected next"));
-	break;
-    case TAG_BREAK:
-	emsg(_("E269: unexpected break"));
-	break;
-    case TAG_REDO:
-	emsg(_("E270: unexpected redo"));
-	break;
-    case TAG_RETRY:
-	emsg(_("E271: retry outside of rescue clause"));
-	break;
-    case TAG_RAISE:
-    case TAG_FATAL:
+	case TAG_RETURN:
+	    emsg(_("E267: unexpected return"));
+	    break;
+	case TAG_NEXT:
+	    emsg(_("E268: unexpected next"));
+	    break;
+	case TAG_BREAK:
+	    emsg(_("E269: unexpected break"));
+	    break;
+	case TAG_REDO:
+	    emsg(_("E270: unexpected redo"));
+	    break;
+	case TAG_RETRY:
+	    emsg(_("E271: retry outside of rescue clause"));
+	    break;
+	case TAG_RAISE:
+	case TAG_FATAL:
 #ifdef RUBY19_OR_LATER
-	error = rb_errinfo();
+	    error = rb_errinfo();
 #else
-	error = ruby_errinfo;
+	    error = ruby_errinfo;
 #endif
-	eclass = CLASS_OF(error);
-	einfo = rb_obj_as_string(error);
-	if (eclass == rb_eRuntimeError && RSTRING_LEN(einfo) == 0)
-	{
-	    emsg(_("E272: unhandled exception"));
-	}
-	else
-	{
-	    VALUE epath;
-	    char *p;
+	    eclass = CLASS_OF(error);
+	    einfo = rb_obj_as_string(error);
+	    if (eclass == rb_eRuntimeError && RSTRING_LEN(einfo) == 0)
+	    {
+		emsg(_("E272: unhandled exception"));
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		VALUE epath;
+		char *p;
 
-	    epath = rb_class_path(eclass);
-	    vim_snprintf(buff, BUFSIZ, "%s: %s",
-		     RSTRING_PTR(epath), RSTRING_PTR(einfo));
-	    p = strchr(buff, '\n');
-	    if (p) *p = '\0';
+		epath = rb_class_path(eclass);
+		vim_snprintf(buff, BUFSIZ, "%s: %s",
+			 RSTRING_PTR(epath), RSTRING_PTR(einfo));
+		p = strchr(buff, '\n');
+		if (p) *p = '\0';
+		emsg(buff);
+	    }
+
+	    attr = syn_name2attr((char_u *)"Error");
+# ifdef RUBY21_OR_LATER
+	    bt = rb_funcallv(error, rb_intern("backtrace"), 0, 0);
+	    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(bt); i++)
+		msg_attr(RSTRING_PTR(RARRAY_AREF(bt, i)), attr);
+# else
+	    bt = rb_funcall2(error, rb_intern("backtrace"), 0, 0);
+	    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(bt); i++)
+		msg_attr(RSTRING_PTR(RARRAY_PTR(bt)[i]), attr);
+# endif
+	    break;
+	default:
+	    vim_snprintf(buff, BUFSIZ, _("E273: unknown longjmp status %d"), state);
 	    emsg(buff);
-	}
-
-	attr = syn_name2attr((char_u *)"Error");
-# ifdef RUBY21_OR_LATER
-	bt = rb_funcallv(error, rb_intern("backtrace"), 0, 0);
-	for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(bt); i++)
-	    msg_attr(RSTRING_PTR(RARRAY_AREF(bt, i)), attr);
-# else
-	bt = rb_funcall2(error, rb_intern("backtrace"), 0, 0);
-	for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(bt); i++)
-	    msg_attr(RSTRING_PTR(RARRAY_PTR(bt)[i]), attr);
-# endif
-	break;
-    default:
-	vim_snprintf(buff, BUFSIZ, _("E273: unknown longjmp status %d"), state);
-	emsg(buff);
-	break;
+	    break;
     }
 }
 
-static VALUE vim_message(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+vim_message(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
 {
     char *buff, *p;
 
@@ -1098,21 +1125,24 @@ static VALUE vim_message(VALUE self UNUS
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE vim_set_option(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+vim_set_option(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
 {
     do_set((char_u *)StringValuePtr(str), 0);
     update_screen(NOT_VALID);
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE vim_command(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+vim_command(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
 {
     do_cmdline_cmd((char_u *)StringValuePtr(str));
     return Qnil;
 }
 
 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
-static VALUE vim_to_ruby(typval_T *tv)
+    static VALUE
+vim_to_ruby(typval_T *tv)
 {
     VALUE result = Qnil;
 
@@ -1188,7 +1218,8 @@ static VALUE vim_to_ruby(typval_T *tv)
 }
 #endif
 
-static VALUE vim_evaluate(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+vim_evaluate(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
 {
 #ifdef FEAT_EVAL
     typval_T    *tv;
@@ -1221,13 +1252,15 @@ static const rb_data_type_t buffer_type 
 # endif
 };
 
-static size_t buffer_dsize(const void *buf UNUSED)
+    static size_t
+buffer_dsize(const void *buf UNUSED)
 {
     return sizeof(buf_T);
 }
 #endif
 
-static VALUE buffer_new(buf_T *buf)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_new(buf_T *buf)
 {
     if (buf->b_ruby_ref)
     {
@@ -1246,7 +1279,8 @@ static VALUE buffer_new(buf_T *buf)
     }
 }
 
-static buf_T *get_buf(VALUE obj)
+    static buf_T *
+get_buf(VALUE obj)
 {
     buf_T *buf;
 
@@ -1260,7 +1294,8 @@ static buf_T *get_buf(VALUE obj)
     return buf;
 }
 
-static VALUE vim_blob(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+vim_blob(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
 {
     VALUE result = rb_str_new("0z", 2);
     char    buf[4];
@@ -1273,12 +1308,14 @@ static VALUE vim_blob(VALUE self UNUSED,
     return result;
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_s_current(void)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_s_current(void)
 {
     return buffer_new(curbuf);
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_s_count(void)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_s_count(void)
 {
     buf_T *b;
     int n = 0;
@@ -1294,7 +1331,8 @@ static VALUE buffer_s_count(void)
     return INT2NUM(n);
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_s_aref(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE num)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_s_aref(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE num)
 {
     buf_T *b;
     int n = NUM2INT(num);
@@ -1314,35 +1352,40 @@ static VALUE buffer_s_aref(VALUE self UN
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_name(VALUE self)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_name(VALUE self)
 {
     buf_T *buf = get_buf(self);
 
     return buf->b_ffname ? rb_str_new2((char *)buf->b_ffname) : Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_number(VALUE self)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_number(VALUE self)
 {
     buf_T *buf = get_buf(self);
 
     return INT2NUM(buf->b_fnum);
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_count(VALUE self)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_count(VALUE self)
 {
     buf_T *buf = get_buf(self);
 
     return INT2NUM(buf->b_ml.ml_line_count);
 }
 
-static VALUE get_buffer_line(buf_T *buf, linenr_T n)
+    static VALUE
+get_buffer_line(buf_T *buf, linenr_T n)
 {
     if (n <= 0 || n > buf->b_ml.ml_line_count)
 	rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "line number %ld out of range", (long)n);
     return vim_str2rb_enc_str((char *)ml_get_buf(buf, n, FALSE));
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_aref(VALUE self, VALUE num)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_aref(VALUE self, VALUE num)
 {
     buf_T *buf = get_buf(self);
 
@@ -1351,7 +1394,8 @@ static VALUE buffer_aref(VALUE self, VAL
     return Qnil; /* For stop warning */
 }
 
-static VALUE set_buffer_line(buf_T *buf, linenr_T n, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+set_buffer_line(buf_T *buf, linenr_T n, VALUE str)
 {
     char	*line = StringValuePtr(str);
     aco_save_T	aco;
@@ -1383,7 +1427,8 @@ static VALUE set_buffer_line(buf_T *buf,
     return str;
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_aset(VALUE self, VALUE num, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_aset(VALUE self, VALUE num, VALUE str)
 {
     buf_T *buf = get_buf(self);
 
@@ -1392,7 +1437,8 @@ static VALUE buffer_aset(VALUE self, VAL
     return str;
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_delete(VALUE self, VALUE num)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_delete(VALUE self, VALUE num)
 {
     buf_T	*buf = get_buf(self);
     long	n = NUM2LONG(num);
@@ -1427,7 +1473,8 @@ static VALUE buffer_delete(VALUE self, V
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE buffer_append(VALUE self, VALUE num, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+buffer_append(VALUE self, VALUE num, VALUE str)
 {
     buf_T	*buf = get_buf(self);
     char	*line = StringValuePtr(str);
@@ -1479,13 +1526,15 @@ static const rb_data_type_t window_type 
 # endif
 };
 
-static size_t window_dsize(const void *win UNUSED)
+    static size_t
+window_dsize(const void *win UNUSED)
 {
     return sizeof(win_T);
 }
 #endif
 
-static VALUE window_new(win_T *win)
+    static VALUE
+window_new(win_T *win)
 {
     if (win->w_ruby_ref)
     {
@@ -1504,7 +1553,8 @@ static VALUE window_new(win_T *win)
     }
 }
 
-static win_T *get_win(VALUE obj)
+    static win_T *
+get_win(VALUE obj)
 {
     win_T *win;
 
@@ -1518,7 +1568,8 @@ static win_T *get_win(VALUE obj)
     return win;
 }
 
-static VALUE window_s_current(void)
+    static VALUE
+window_s_current(void)
 {
     return window_new(curwin);
 }
@@ -1527,24 +1578,26 @@ static VALUE window_s_current(void)
  * Added line manipulation functions
  *    SegPhault - 03/07/05
  */
-static VALUE line_s_current(void)
+    static VALUE
+line_s_current(void)
 {
     return get_buffer_line(curbuf, curwin->w_cursor.lnum);
 }
 
-static VALUE set_current_line(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
+    static VALUE
+set_current_line(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE str)
 {
     return set_buffer_line(curbuf, curwin->w_cursor.lnum, str);
 }
 
-static VALUE current_line_number(void)
+    static VALUE
+current_line_number(void)
 {
     return INT2FIX((int)curwin->w_cursor.lnum);
 }
 
-
-
-static VALUE window_s_count(void)
+    static VALUE
+window_s_count(void)
 {
     win_T	*w;
     int n = 0;
@@ -1554,7 +1607,8 @@ static VALUE window_s_count(void)
     return INT2NUM(n);
 }
 
-static VALUE window_s_aref(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE num)
+    static VALUE
+window_s_aref(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE num)
 {
     win_T *w;
     int n = NUM2INT(num);
@@ -1565,21 +1619,24 @@ static VALUE window_s_aref(VALUE self UN
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE window_buffer(VALUE self)
+    static VALUE
+window_buffer(VALUE self)
 {
     win_T *win = get_win(self);
 
     return buffer_new(win->w_buffer);
 }
 
-static VALUE window_height(VALUE self)
+    static VALUE
+window_height(VALUE self)
 {
     win_T *win = get_win(self);
 
     return INT2NUM(win->w_height);
 }
 
-static VALUE window_set_height(VALUE self, VALUE height)
+    static VALUE
+window_set_height(VALUE self, VALUE height)
 {
     win_T *win = get_win(self);
     win_T *savewin = curwin;
@@ -1590,12 +1647,14 @@ static VALUE window_set_height(VALUE sel
     return height;
 }
 
-static VALUE window_width(VALUE self UNUSED)
+    static VALUE
+window_width(VALUE self UNUSED)
 {
     return INT2NUM(get_win(self)->w_width);
 }
 
-static VALUE window_set_width(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE width)
+    static VALUE
+window_set_width(VALUE self UNUSED, VALUE width)
 {
     win_T *win = get_win(self);
     win_T *savewin = curwin;
@@ -1606,14 +1665,16 @@ static VALUE window_set_width(VALUE self
     return width;
 }
 
-static VALUE window_cursor(VALUE self)
+    static VALUE
+window_cursor(VALUE self)
 {
     win_T *win = get_win(self);
 
     return rb_assoc_new(INT2NUM(win->w_cursor.lnum), INT2NUM(win->w_cursor.col));
 }
 
-static VALUE window_set_cursor(VALUE self, VALUE pos)
+    static VALUE
+window_set_cursor(VALUE self, VALUE pos)
 {
     VALUE lnum, col;
     win_T *win = get_win(self);
@@ -1631,12 +1692,14 @@ static VALUE window_set_cursor(VALUE sel
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE f_nop(VALUE self UNUSED)
+    static VALUE
+f_nop(VALUE self UNUSED)
 {
     return Qnil;
 }
 
-static VALUE f_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self UNUSED)
+    static VALUE
+f_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self UNUSED)
 {
     int i;
     VALUE str = rb_str_new("", 0);
@@ -1656,7 +1719,8 @@ static VALUE f_p(int argc, VALUE *argv, 
     return ret;
 }
 
-static void ruby_io_init(void)
+    static void
+ruby_io_init(void)
 {
 #ifndef DYNAMIC_RUBY
     RUBYEXTERN VALUE rb_stdout;
@@ -1672,7 +1736,8 @@ static void ruby_io_init(void)
     rb_define_global_function("p", f_p, -1);
 }
 
-static void ruby_vim_init(void)
+    static void
+ruby_vim_init(void)
 {
     objtbl = rb_hash_new();
     rb_global_variable(&objtbl);
@@ -1736,8 +1801,139 @@ static void ruby_vim_init(void)
     rb_define_virtual_variable("$curwin", window_s_current, 0);
 }
 
-void vim_ruby_init(void *stack_start)
+    void
+vim_ruby_init(void *stack_start)
 {
     /* should get machine stack start address early in main function */
     ruby_stack_start = stack_start;
 }
+
+    static int
+convert_hash2dict(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE arg)
+{
+    dict_T *d = (dict_T *)arg;
+    dictitem_T *di;
+
+    di = dictitem_alloc((char_u *)RSTRING_PTR(RSTRING(rb_obj_as_string(key))));
+    if (di == NULL || ruby_convert_to_vim_value(val, &di->di_tv) != OK
+						     || dict_add(d, di) != OK)
+    {
+	d->dv_hashtab.ht_error = TRUE;
+	return ST_STOP;
+    }
+    return ST_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+    static int
+ruby_convert_to_vim_value(VALUE val, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    switch (TYPE(val))
+    {
+	case T_NIL:
+	    rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
+	    rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_NULL;
+	    break;
+	case T_TRUE:
+	    rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
+	    rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_TRUE;
+	    break;
+	case T_FALSE:
+	    rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
+	    rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_FALSE;
+	    break;
+	case T_BIGNUM:
+	case T_FIXNUM:
+	    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
+	    rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)NUM2LONG(val);
+	    break;
+#ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
+	case T_FLOAT:
+	    rettv->v_type = VAR_FLOAT;
+	    rettv->vval.v_float = (float_T)NUM2DBL(val);
+	    break;
+#endif
+	default:
+	    val = rb_obj_as_string(val);
+	    // FALLTHROUGH
+	case T_STRING:
+	    {
+		VALUE str = (VALUE)RSTRING(val);
+
+		rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+		rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strnsave((char_u *)RSTRING_PTR(str),
+							 (int)RSTRING_LEN(str));
+	    }
+	    break;
+	case T_ARRAY:
+	    {
+		list_T *l;
+		long i;
+		typval_T v;
+
+		l = list_alloc();
+		if (l == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(val); ++i)
+		{
+		    if (ruby_convert_to_vim_value((VALUE)RARRAY_PTR(val)[i],
+									&v) != OK)
+		    {
+			list_unref(l);
+			return FAIL;
+		    }
+		    list_append_tv(l, &v);
+		    clear_tv(&v);
+		}
+
+		rettv->v_type = VAR_LIST;
+		rettv->vval.v_list = l;
+		++l->lv_refcount;
+	    }
+	    break;
+	case T_HASH:
+	    {
+		dict_T *d;
+
+		d = dict_alloc();
+		if (d == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+
+		rb_hash_foreach(val, convert_hash2dict, (VALUE)d);
+		if (d->dv_hashtab.ht_error)
+		{
+		    dict_unref(d);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+
+		rettv->v_type = VAR_DICT;
+		rettv->vval.v_dict = d;
+		++d->dv_refcount;
+	    }
+	    break;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+    void
+do_rubyeval(char_u *str, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    int retval = FAIL;
+
+    if (ensure_ruby_initialized())
+    {
+	int state;
+	VALUE obj;
+
+	obj = rb_eval_string_protect((const char *)str, &state);
+	if (state)
+	    error_print(state);
+	else
+	    retval = ruby_convert_to_vim_value(obj, rettv);
+    }
+    if (retval == FAIL)
+    {
+	rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
+	rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
+    }
+}