new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/filepath.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2138 @@
+/* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
+ *
+ * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
+ *
+ * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
+ * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
+ * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * filepath.c: dealing with file names ant paths.
+ */
+
+#include "vim.h"
+
+#ifdef MSWIN
+/*
+ * Functions for ":8" filename modifier: get 8.3 version of a filename.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Get the short path (8.3) for the filename in "fnamep".
+ * Only works for a valid file name.
+ * When the path gets longer "fnamep" is changed and the allocated buffer
+ * is put in "bufp".
+ * *fnamelen is the length of "fnamep" and set to 0 for a nonexistent path.
+ * Returns OK on success, FAIL on failure.
+ */
+    static int
+get_short_pathname(char_u **fnamep, char_u **bufp, int *fnamelen)
+{
+    int		l, len;
+    char_u	*newbuf;
+
+    len = *fnamelen;
+    l = GetShortPathName((LPSTR)*fnamep, (LPSTR)*fnamep, len);
+    if (l > len - 1)
+    {
+	/* If that doesn't work (not enough space), then save the string
+	 * and try again with a new buffer big enough. */
+	newbuf = vim_strnsave(*fnamep, l);
+	if (newbuf == NULL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	vim_free(*bufp);
+	*fnamep = *bufp = newbuf;
+
+	/* Really should always succeed, as the buffer is big enough. */
+	l = GetShortPathName((LPSTR)*fnamep, (LPSTR)*fnamep, l+1);
+    }
+
+    *fnamelen = l;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the short path (8.3) for the filename in "fname". The converted
+ * path is returned in "bufp".
+ *
+ * Some of the directories specified in "fname" may not exist. This function
+ * will shorten the existing directories at the beginning of the path and then
+ * append the remaining non-existing path.
+ *
+ * fname - Pointer to the filename to shorten.  On return, contains the
+ *	   pointer to the shortened pathname
+ * bufp -  Pointer to an allocated buffer for the filename.
+ * fnamelen - Length of the filename pointed to by fname
+ *
+ * Returns OK on success (or nothing done) and FAIL on failure (out of memory).
+ */
+    static int
+shortpath_for_invalid_fname(
+    char_u	**fname,
+    char_u	**bufp,
+    int		*fnamelen)
+{
+    char_u	*short_fname, *save_fname, *pbuf_unused;
+    char_u	*endp, *save_endp;
+    char_u	ch;
+    int		old_len, len;
+    int		new_len, sfx_len;
+    int		retval = OK;
+
+    /* Make a copy */
+    old_len = *fnamelen;
+    save_fname = vim_strnsave(*fname, old_len);
+    pbuf_unused = NULL;
+    short_fname = NULL;
+
+    endp = save_fname + old_len - 1; /* Find the end of the copy */
+    save_endp = endp;
+
+    /*
+     * Try shortening the supplied path till it succeeds by removing one
+     * directory at a time from the tail of the path.
+     */
+    len = 0;
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	/* go back one path-separator */
+	while (endp > save_fname && !after_pathsep(save_fname, endp + 1))
+	    --endp;
+	if (endp <= save_fname)
+	    break;		/* processed the complete path */
+
+	/*
+	 * Replace the path separator with a NUL and try to shorten the
+	 * resulting path.
+	 */
+	ch = *endp;
+	*endp = 0;
+	short_fname = save_fname;
+	len = (int)STRLEN(short_fname) + 1;
+	if (get_short_pathname(&short_fname, &pbuf_unused, &len) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    retval = FAIL;
+	    goto theend;
+	}
+	*endp = ch;	/* preserve the string */
+
+	if (len > 0)
+	    break;	/* successfully shortened the path */
+
+	/* failed to shorten the path. Skip the path separator */
+	--endp;
+    }
+
+    if (len > 0)
+    {
+	/*
+	 * Succeeded in shortening the path. Now concatenate the shortened
+	 * path with the remaining path at the tail.
+	 */
+
+	/* Compute the length of the new path. */
+	sfx_len = (int)(save_endp - endp) + 1;
+	new_len = len + sfx_len;
+
+	*fnamelen = new_len;
+	vim_free(*bufp);
+	if (new_len > old_len)
+	{
+	    /* There is not enough space in the currently allocated string,
+	     * copy it to a buffer big enough. */
+	    *fname = *bufp = vim_strnsave(short_fname, new_len);
+	    if (*fname == NULL)
+	    {
+		retval = FAIL;
+		goto theend;
+	    }
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    /* Transfer short_fname to the main buffer (it's big enough),
+	     * unless get_short_pathname() did its work in-place. */
+	    *fname = *bufp = save_fname;
+	    if (short_fname != save_fname)
+		vim_strncpy(save_fname, short_fname, len);
+	    save_fname = NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* concat the not-shortened part of the path */
+	vim_strncpy(*fname + len, endp, sfx_len);
+	(*fname)[new_len] = NUL;
+    }
+
+theend:
+    vim_free(pbuf_unused);
+    vim_free(save_fname);
+
+    return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get a pathname for a partial path.
+ * Returns OK for success, FAIL for failure.
+ */
+    static int
+shortpath_for_partial(
+    char_u	**fnamep,
+    char_u	**bufp,
+    int		*fnamelen)
+{
+    int		sepcount, len, tflen;
+    char_u	*p;
+    char_u	*pbuf, *tfname;
+    int		hasTilde;
+
+    /* Count up the path separators from the RHS.. so we know which part
+     * of the path to return. */
+    sepcount = 0;
+    for (p = *fnamep; p < *fnamep + *fnamelen; MB_PTR_ADV(p))
+	if (vim_ispathsep(*p))
+	    ++sepcount;
+
+    /* Need full path first (use expand_env() to remove a "~/") */
+    hasTilde = (**fnamep == '~');
+    if (hasTilde)
+	pbuf = tfname = expand_env_save(*fnamep);
+    else
+	pbuf = tfname = FullName_save(*fnamep, FALSE);
+
+    len = tflen = (int)STRLEN(tfname);
+
+    if (get_short_pathname(&tfname, &pbuf, &len) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (len == 0)
+    {
+	/* Don't have a valid filename, so shorten the rest of the
+	 * path if we can. This CAN give us invalid 8.3 filenames, but
+	 * there's not a lot of point in guessing what it might be.
+	 */
+	len = tflen;
+	if (shortpath_for_invalid_fname(&tfname, &pbuf, &len) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    /* Count the paths backward to find the beginning of the desired string. */
+    for (p = tfname + len - 1; p >= tfname; --p)
+    {
+	if (has_mbyte)
+	    p -= mb_head_off(tfname, p);
+	if (vim_ispathsep(*p))
+	{
+	    if (sepcount == 0 || (hasTilde && sepcount == 1))
+		break;
+	    else
+		sepcount --;
+	}
+    }
+    if (hasTilde)
+    {
+	--p;
+	if (p >= tfname)
+	    *p = '~';
+	else
+	    return FAIL;
+    }
+    else
+	++p;
+
+    /* Copy in the string - p indexes into tfname - allocated at pbuf */
+    vim_free(*bufp);
+    *fnamelen = (int)STRLEN(p);
+    *bufp = pbuf;
+    *fnamep = p;
+
+    return OK;
+}
+#endif // MSWIN
+
+/*
+ * Adjust a filename, according to a string of modifiers.
+ * *fnamep must be NUL terminated when called.  When returning, the length is
+ * determined by *fnamelen.
+ * Returns VALID_ flags or -1 for failure.
+ * When there is an error, *fnamep is set to NULL.
+ */
+    int
+modify_fname(
+    char_u	*src,		// string with modifiers
+    int		tilde_file,	// "~" is a file name, not $HOME
+    int		*usedlen,	// characters after src that are used
+    char_u	**fnamep,	// file name so far
+    char_u	**bufp,		// buffer for allocated file name or NULL
+    int		*fnamelen)	// length of fnamep
+{
+    int		valid = 0;
+    char_u	*tail;
+    char_u	*s, *p, *pbuf;
+    char_u	dirname[MAXPATHL];
+    int		c;
+    int		has_fullname = 0;
+#ifdef MSWIN
+    char_u	*fname_start = *fnamep;
+    int		has_shortname = 0;
+#endif
+
+repeat:
+    /* ":p" - full path/file_name */
+    if (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == 'p')
+    {
+	has_fullname = 1;
+
+	valid |= VALID_PATH;
+	*usedlen += 2;
+
+	/* Expand "~/path" for all systems and "~user/path" for Unix and VMS */
+	if ((*fnamep)[0] == '~'
+#if !defined(UNIX) && !(defined(VMS) && defined(USER_HOME))
+		&& ((*fnamep)[1] == '/'
+# ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
+		    || (*fnamep)[1] == '\\'
+# endif
+		    || (*fnamep)[1] == NUL)
+#endif
+		&& !(tilde_file && (*fnamep)[1] == NUL)
+	   )
+	{
+	    *fnamep = expand_env_save(*fnamep);
+	    vim_free(*bufp);	/* free any allocated file name */
+	    *bufp = *fnamep;
+	    if (*fnamep == NULL)
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* When "/." or "/.." is used: force expansion to get rid of it. */
+	for (p = *fnamep; *p != NUL; MB_PTR_ADV(p))
+	{
+	    if (vim_ispathsep(*p)
+		    && p[1] == '.'
+		    && (p[2] == NUL
+			|| vim_ispathsep(p[2])
+			|| (p[2] == '.'
+			    && (p[3] == NUL || vim_ispathsep(p[3])))))
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/* FullName_save() is slow, don't use it when not needed. */
+	if (*p != NUL || !vim_isAbsName(*fnamep))
+	{
+	    *fnamep = FullName_save(*fnamep, *p != NUL);
+	    vim_free(*bufp);	/* free any allocated file name */
+	    *bufp = *fnamep;
+	    if (*fnamep == NULL)
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+#ifdef MSWIN
+# if _WIN32_WINNT >= 0x0500
+	if (vim_strchr(*fnamep, '~') != NULL)
+	{
+	    // Expand 8.3 filename to full path.  Needed to make sure the same
+	    // file does not have two different names.
+	    // Note: problem does not occur if _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0500.
+	    WCHAR *wfname = enc_to_utf16(*fnamep, NULL);
+	    WCHAR buf[_MAX_PATH];
+
+	    if (wfname != NULL)
+	    {
+		if (GetLongPathNameW(wfname, buf, _MAX_PATH))
+		{
+		    char_u *p = utf16_to_enc(buf, NULL);
+
+		    if (p != NULL)
+		    {
+			vim_free(*bufp);    // free any allocated file name
+			*bufp = *fnamep = p;
+		    }
+		}
+		vim_free(wfname);
+	    }
+	}
+# endif
+#endif
+	/* Append a path separator to a directory. */
+	if (mch_isdir(*fnamep))
+	{
+	    /* Make room for one or two extra characters. */
+	    *fnamep = vim_strnsave(*fnamep, (int)STRLEN(*fnamep) + 2);
+	    vim_free(*bufp);	/* free any allocated file name */
+	    *bufp = *fnamep;
+	    if (*fnamep == NULL)
+		return -1;
+	    add_pathsep(*fnamep);
+	}
+    }
+
+    /* ":." - path relative to the current directory */
+    /* ":~" - path relative to the home directory */
+    /* ":8" - shortname path - postponed till after */
+    while (src[*usedlen] == ':'
+		  && ((c = src[*usedlen + 1]) == '.' || c == '~' || c == '8'))
+    {
+	*usedlen += 2;
+	if (c == '8')
+	{
+#ifdef MSWIN
+	    has_shortname = 1; /* Postpone this. */
+#endif
+	    continue;
+	}
+	pbuf = NULL;
+	/* Need full path first (use expand_env() to remove a "~/") */
+	if (!has_fullname)
+	{
+	    if (c == '.' && **fnamep == '~')
+		p = pbuf = expand_env_save(*fnamep);
+	    else
+		p = pbuf = FullName_save(*fnamep, FALSE);
+	}
+	else
+	    p = *fnamep;
+
+	has_fullname = 0;
+
+	if (p != NULL)
+	{
+	    if (c == '.')
+	    {
+		mch_dirname(dirname, MAXPATHL);
+		s = shorten_fname(p, dirname);
+		if (s != NULL)
+		{
+		    *fnamep = s;
+		    if (pbuf != NULL)
+		    {
+			vim_free(*bufp);   /* free any allocated file name */
+			*bufp = pbuf;
+			pbuf = NULL;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		home_replace(NULL, p, dirname, MAXPATHL, TRUE);
+		/* Only replace it when it starts with '~' */
+		if (*dirname == '~')
+		{
+		    s = vim_strsave(dirname);
+		    if (s != NULL)
+		    {
+			*fnamep = s;
+			vim_free(*bufp);
+			*bufp = s;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	    vim_free(pbuf);
+	}
+    }
+
+    tail = gettail(*fnamep);
+    *fnamelen = (int)STRLEN(*fnamep);
+
+    /* ":h" - head, remove "/file_name", can be repeated  */
+    /* Don't remove the first "/" or "c:\" */
+    while (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == 'h')
+    {
+	valid |= VALID_HEAD;
+	*usedlen += 2;
+	s = get_past_head(*fnamep);
+	while (tail > s && after_pathsep(s, tail))
+	    MB_PTR_BACK(*fnamep, tail);
+	*fnamelen = (int)(tail - *fnamep);
+#ifdef VMS
+	if (*fnamelen > 0)
+	    *fnamelen += 1; /* the path separator is part of the path */
+#endif
+	if (*fnamelen == 0)
+	{
+	    /* Result is empty.  Turn it into "." to make ":cd %:h" work. */
+	    p = vim_strsave((char_u *)".");
+	    if (p == NULL)
+		return -1;
+	    vim_free(*bufp);
+	    *bufp = *fnamep = tail = p;
+	    *fnamelen = 1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    while (tail > s && !after_pathsep(s, tail))
+		MB_PTR_BACK(*fnamep, tail);
+	}
+    }
+
+    /* ":8" - shortname  */
+    if (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == '8')
+    {
+	*usedlen += 2;
+#ifdef MSWIN
+	has_shortname = 1;
+#endif
+    }
+
+#ifdef MSWIN
+    /*
+     * Handle ":8" after we have done 'heads' and before we do 'tails'.
+     */
+    if (has_shortname)
+    {
+	/* Copy the string if it is shortened by :h and when it wasn't copied
+	 * yet, because we are going to change it in place.  Avoids changing
+	 * the buffer name for "%:8". */
+	if (*fnamelen < (int)STRLEN(*fnamep) || *fnamep == fname_start)
+	{
+	    p = vim_strnsave(*fnamep, *fnamelen);
+	    if (p == NULL)
+		return -1;
+	    vim_free(*bufp);
+	    *bufp = *fnamep = p;
+	}
+
+	/* Split into two implementations - makes it easier.  First is where
+	 * there isn't a full name already, second is where there is. */
+	if (!has_fullname && !vim_isAbsName(*fnamep))
+	{
+	    if (shortpath_for_partial(fnamep, bufp, fnamelen) == FAIL)
+		return -1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    int		l = *fnamelen;
+
+	    /* Simple case, already have the full-name.
+	     * Nearly always shorter, so try first time. */
+	    if (get_short_pathname(fnamep, bufp, &l) == FAIL)
+		return -1;
+
+	    if (l == 0)
+	    {
+		/* Couldn't find the filename, search the paths. */
+		l = *fnamelen;
+		if (shortpath_for_invalid_fname(fnamep, bufp, &l) == FAIL)
+		    return -1;
+	    }
+	    *fnamelen = l;
+	}
+    }
+#endif // MSWIN
+
+    /* ":t" - tail, just the basename */
+    if (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == 't')
+    {
+	*usedlen += 2;
+	*fnamelen -= (int)(tail - *fnamep);
+	*fnamep = tail;
+    }
+
+    /* ":e" - extension, can be repeated */
+    /* ":r" - root, without extension, can be repeated */
+    while (src[*usedlen] == ':'
+	    && (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'e' || src[*usedlen + 1] == 'r'))
+    {
+	/* find a '.' in the tail:
+	 * - for second :e: before the current fname
+	 * - otherwise: The last '.'
+	 */
+	if (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'e' && *fnamep > tail)
+	    s = *fnamep - 2;
+	else
+	    s = *fnamep + *fnamelen - 1;
+	for ( ; s > tail; --s)
+	    if (s[0] == '.')
+		break;
+	if (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'e')		/* :e */
+	{
+	    if (s > tail)
+	    {
+		*fnamelen += (int)(*fnamep - (s + 1));
+		*fnamep = s + 1;
+#ifdef VMS
+		/* cut version from the extension */
+		s = *fnamep + *fnamelen - 1;
+		for ( ; s > *fnamep; --s)
+		    if (s[0] == ';')
+			break;
+		if (s > *fnamep)
+		    *fnamelen = s - *fnamep;
+#endif
+	    }
+	    else if (*fnamep <= tail)
+		*fnamelen = 0;
+	}
+	else				/* :r */
+	{
+	    if (s > tail)	/* remove one extension */
+		*fnamelen = (int)(s - *fnamep);
+	}
+	*usedlen += 2;
+    }
+
+    /* ":s?pat?foo?" - substitute */
+    /* ":gs?pat?foo?" - global substitute */
+    if (src[*usedlen] == ':'
+	    && (src[*usedlen + 1] == 's'
+		|| (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'g' && src[*usedlen + 2] == 's')))
+    {
+	char_u	    *str;
+	char_u	    *pat;
+	char_u	    *sub;
+	int	    sep;
+	char_u	    *flags;
+	int	    didit = FALSE;
+
+	flags = (char_u *)"";
+	s = src + *usedlen + 2;
+	if (src[*usedlen + 1] == 'g')
+	{
+	    flags = (char_u *)"g";
+	    ++s;
+	}
+
+	sep = *s++;
+	if (sep)
+	{
+	    /* find end of pattern */
+	    p = vim_strchr(s, sep);
+	    if (p != NULL)
+	    {
+		pat = vim_strnsave(s, (int)(p - s));
+		if (pat != NULL)
+		{
+		    s = p + 1;
+		    /* find end of substitution */
+		    p = vim_strchr(s, sep);
+		    if (p != NULL)
+		    {
+			sub = vim_strnsave(s, (int)(p - s));
+			str = vim_strnsave(*fnamep, *fnamelen);
+			if (sub != NULL && str != NULL)
+			{
+			    *usedlen = (int)(p + 1 - src);
+			    s = do_string_sub(str, pat, sub, NULL, flags);
+			    if (s != NULL)
+			    {
+				*fnamep = s;
+				*fnamelen = (int)STRLEN(s);
+				vim_free(*bufp);
+				*bufp = s;
+				didit = TRUE;
+			    }
+			}
+			vim_free(sub);
+			vim_free(str);
+		    }
+		    vim_free(pat);
+		}
+	    }
+	    /* after using ":s", repeat all the modifiers */
+	    if (didit)
+		goto repeat;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (src[*usedlen] == ':' && src[*usedlen + 1] == 'S')
+    {
+	/* vim_strsave_shellescape() needs a NUL terminated string. */
+	c = (*fnamep)[*fnamelen];
+	if (c != NUL)
+	    (*fnamep)[*fnamelen] = NUL;
+	p = vim_strsave_shellescape(*fnamep, FALSE, FALSE);
+	if (c != NUL)
+	    (*fnamep)[*fnamelen] = c;
+	if (p == NULL)
+	    return -1;
+	vim_free(*bufp);
+	*bufp = *fnamep = p;
+	*fnamelen = (int)STRLEN(p);
+	*usedlen += 2;
+    }
+
+    return valid;
+}
+
+#if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
+
+/*
+ * "chdir(dir)" function
+ */
+    void
+f_chdir(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*cwd;
+    cdscope_T	scope = CDSCOPE_GLOBAL;
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+
+    if (argvars[0].v_type != VAR_STRING)
+	return;
+
+    // Return the current directory
+    cwd = alloc(MAXPATHL);
+    if (cwd != NULL)
+    {
+	if (mch_dirname(cwd, MAXPATHL) != FAIL)
+	{
+#ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
+	    slash_adjust(cwd);
+#endif
+	    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(cwd);
+	}
+	vim_free(cwd);
+    }
+
+    if (curwin->w_localdir != NULL)
+	scope = CDSCOPE_WINDOW;
+    else if (curtab->tp_localdir != NULL)
+	scope = CDSCOPE_TABPAGE;
+
+    if (!changedir_func(argvars[0].vval.v_string, TRUE, scope))
+	// Directory change failed
+	VIM_CLEAR(rettv->vval.v_string);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "delete()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_delete(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	nbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
+    char_u	*name;
+    char_u	*flags;
+
+    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
+    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
+	return;
+
+    name = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+    if (name == NULL || *name == NUL)
+    {
+	emsg(_(e_invarg));
+	return;
+    }
+
+    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+	flags = tv_get_string_buf(&argvars[1], nbuf);
+    else
+	flags = (char_u *)"";
+
+    if (*flags == NUL)
+	/* delete a file */
+	rettv->vval.v_number = mch_remove(name) == 0 ? 0 : -1;
+    else if (STRCMP(flags, "d") == 0)
+	/* delete an empty directory */
+	rettv->vval.v_number = mch_rmdir(name) == 0 ? 0 : -1;
+    else if (STRCMP(flags, "rf") == 0)
+	/* delete a directory recursively */
+	rettv->vval.v_number = delete_recursive(name);
+    else
+	semsg(_(e_invexpr2), flags);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "executable()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_executable(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u *name = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+
+    /* Check in $PATH and also check directly if there is a directory name. */
+    rettv->vval.v_number = mch_can_exe(name, NULL, TRUE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "exepath()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_exepath(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u *p = NULL;
+
+    (void)mch_can_exe(tv_get_string(&argvars[0]), &p, TRUE);
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    rettv->vval.v_string = p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "filereadable()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_filereadable(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    int		fd;
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		n;
+
+#ifndef O_NONBLOCK
+# define O_NONBLOCK 0
+#endif
+    p = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+    if (*p && !mch_isdir(p) && (fd = mch_open((char *)p,
+					      O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0)) >= 0)
+    {
+	n = TRUE;
+	close(fd);
+    }
+    else
+	n = FALSE;
+
+    rettv->vval.v_number = n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return 0 for not writable, 1 for writable file, 2 for a dir which we have
+ * rights to write into.
+ */
+    void
+f_filewritable(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    rettv->vval.v_number = filewritable(tv_get_string(&argvars[0]));
+}
+
+    void
+findfilendir(
+    typval_T	*argvars UNUSED,
+    typval_T	*rettv,
+    int		find_what UNUSED)
+{
+#ifdef FEAT_SEARCHPATH
+    char_u	*fname;
+    char_u	*fresult = NULL;
+    char_u	*path = *curbuf->b_p_path == NUL ? p_path : curbuf->b_p_path;
+    char_u	*p;
+    char_u	pathbuf[NUMBUFLEN];
+    int		count = 1;
+    int		first = TRUE;
+    int		error = FALSE;
+#endif
+
+    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+
+#ifdef FEAT_SEARCHPATH
+    fname = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+
+    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+	p = tv_get_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], pathbuf);
+	if (p == NULL)
+	    error = TRUE;
+	else
+	{
+	    if (*p != NUL)
+		path = p;
+
+	    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+		count = (int)tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error);
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (count < 0 && rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
+	error = TRUE;
+
+    if (*fname != NUL && !error)
+    {
+	do
+	{
+	    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_STRING || rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST)
+		vim_free(fresult);
+	    fresult = find_file_in_path_option(first ? fname : NULL,
+					       first ? (int)STRLEN(fname) : 0,
+					0, first, path,
+					find_what,
+					curbuf->b_ffname,
+					find_what == FINDFILE_DIR
+					    ? (char_u *)"" : curbuf->b_p_sua);
+	    first = FALSE;
+
+	    if (fresult != NULL && rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST)
+		list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, fresult, -1);
+
+	} while ((rettv->v_type == VAR_LIST || --count > 0) && fresult != NULL);
+    }
+
+    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_STRING)
+	rettv->vval.v_string = fresult;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * "finddir({fname}[, {path}[, {count}]])" function
+ */
+    void
+f_finddir(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    findfilendir(argvars, rettv, FINDFILE_DIR);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "findfile({fname}[, {path}[, {count}]])" function
+ */
+    void
+f_findfile(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    findfilendir(argvars, rettv, FINDFILE_FILE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "fnamemodify({fname}, {mods})" function
+ */
+    void
+f_fnamemodify(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*fname;
+    char_u	*mods;
+    int		usedlen = 0;
+    int		len;
+    char_u	*fbuf = NULL;
+    char_u	buf[NUMBUFLEN];
+
+    fname = tv_get_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
+    mods = tv_get_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
+    if (fname == NULL || mods == NULL)
+	fname = NULL;
+    else
+    {
+	len = (int)STRLEN(fname);
+	(void)modify_fname(mods, FALSE, &usedlen, &fname, &fbuf, &len);
+    }
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    if (fname == NULL)
+	rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+    else
+	rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strnsave(fname, len);
+    vim_free(fbuf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "getcwd()" function
+ *
+ * Return the current working directory of a window in a tab page.
+ * First optional argument 'winnr' is the window number or -1 and the second
+ * optional argument 'tabnr' is the tab page number.
+ *
+ * If no arguments are supplied, then return the directory of the current
+ * window.
+ * If only 'winnr' is specified and is not -1 or 0 then return the directory of
+ * the specified window.
+ * If 'winnr' is 0 then return the directory of the current window.
+ * If both 'winnr and 'tabnr' are specified and 'winnr' is -1 then return the
+ * directory of the specified tab page.  Otherwise return the directory of the
+ * specified window in the specified tab page.
+ * If the window or the tab page doesn't exist then return NULL.
+ */
+    void
+f_getcwd(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    win_T	*wp = NULL;
+    tabpage_T	*tp = NULL;
+    char_u	*cwd;
+    int		global = FALSE;
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+
+    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_NUMBER
+	    && argvars[0].vval.v_number == -1
+	    && argvars[1].v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
+	global = TRUE;
+    else
+	wp = find_tabwin(&argvars[0], &argvars[1], &tp);
+
+    if (wp != NULL && wp->w_localdir != NULL)
+	rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(wp->w_localdir);
+    else if (tp != NULL && tp->tp_localdir != NULL)
+	rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(tp->tp_localdir);
+    else if (wp != NULL || tp != NULL || global)
+    {
+	if (globaldir != NULL)
+	    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(globaldir);
+	else
+	{
+	    cwd = alloc(MAXPATHL);
+	    if (cwd != NULL)
+	    {
+		if (mch_dirname(cwd, MAXPATHL) != FAIL)
+		    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(cwd);
+		vim_free(cwd);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+#ifdef BACKSLASH_IN_FILENAME
+    if (rettv->vval.v_string != NULL)
+	slash_adjust(rettv->vval.v_string);
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * "getfperm({fname})" function
+ */
+    void
+f_getfperm(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*fname;
+    stat_T	st;
+    char_u	*perm = NULL;
+    char_u	flags[] = "rwx";
+    int		i;
+
+    fname = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
+    {
+	perm = vim_strsave((char_u *)"---------");
+	if (perm != NULL)
+	{
+	    for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
+	    {
+		if (st.st_mode & (1 << (8 - i)))
+		    perm[i] = flags[i % 3];
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    rettv->vval.v_string = perm;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "getfsize({fname})" function
+ */
+    void
+f_getfsize(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*fname;
+    stat_T	st;
+
+    fname = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
+
+    if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
+    {
+	if (mch_isdir(fname))
+	    rettv->vval.v_number = 0;
+	else
+	{
+	    rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)st.st_size;
+
+	    /* non-perfect check for overflow */
+	    if ((off_T)rettv->vval.v_number != (off_T)st.st_size)
+		rettv->vval.v_number = -2;
+	}
+    }
+    else
+	  rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "getftime({fname})" function
+ */
+    void
+f_getftime(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*fname;
+    stat_T	st;
+
+    fname = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+
+    if (mch_stat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
+	rettv->vval.v_number = (varnumber_T)st.st_mtime;
+    else
+	rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "getftype({fname})" function
+ */
+    void
+f_getftype(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*fname;
+    stat_T	st;
+    char_u	*type = NULL;
+    char	*t;
+
+    fname = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    if (mch_lstat((char *)fname, &st) >= 0)
+    {
+	if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+	    t = "file";
+	else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
+	    t = "dir";
+	else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
+	    t = "link";
+	else if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))
+	    t = "bdev";
+	else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode))
+	    t = "cdev";
+	else if (S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode))
+	    t = "fifo";
+	else if (S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode))
+	    t = "socket";
+	else
+	    t = "other";
+	type = vim_strsave((char_u *)t);
+    }
+    rettv->vval.v_string = type;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "glob()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_glob(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    int		options = WILD_SILENT|WILD_USE_NL;
+    expand_T	xpc;
+    int		error = FALSE;
+
+    /* When the optional second argument is non-zero, don't remove matches
+     * for 'wildignore' and don't put matches for 'suffixes' at the end. */
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+	if (tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[1], &error))
+	    options |= WILD_KEEP_ALL;
+	if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+	{
+	    if (tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error))
+		rettv_list_set(rettv, NULL);
+	    if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
+				    && tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[3], &error))
+		options |= WILD_ALLLINKS;
+	}
+    }
+    if (!error)
+    {
+	ExpandInit(&xpc);
+	xpc.xp_context = EXPAND_FILES;
+	if (p_wic)
+	    options += WILD_ICASE;
+	if (rettv->v_type == VAR_STRING)
+	    rettv->vval.v_string = ExpandOne(&xpc, tv_get_string(&argvars[0]),
+						     NULL, options, WILD_ALL);
+	else if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) != FAIL)
+	{
+	  int i;
+
+	  ExpandOne(&xpc, tv_get_string(&argvars[0]),
+						NULL, options, WILD_ALL_KEEP);
+	  for (i = 0; i < xpc.xp_numfiles; i++)
+	      list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, xpc.xp_files[i], -1);
+
+	  ExpandCleanup(&xpc);
+	}
+    }
+    else
+	rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "glob2regpat()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_glob2regpat(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*pat = tv_get_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    rettv->vval.v_string = (pat == NULL)
+			 ? NULL : file_pat_to_reg_pat(pat, NULL, NULL, FALSE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "globpath()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_globpath(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    int		flags = WILD_IGNORE_COMPLETESLASH;
+    char_u	buf1[NUMBUFLEN];
+    char_u	*file = tv_get_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf1);
+    int		error = FALSE;
+    garray_T	ga;
+    int		i;
+
+    // When the optional second argument is non-zero, don't remove matches
+    // for 'wildignore' and don't put matches for 'suffixes' at the end.
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+	if (tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[2], &error))
+	    flags |= WILD_KEEP_ALL;
+	if (argvars[3].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+	{
+	    if (tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[3], &error))
+		rettv_list_set(rettv, NULL);
+	    if (argvars[4].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN
+				    && tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[4], &error))
+		flags |= WILD_ALLLINKS;
+	}
+    }
+    if (file != NULL && !error)
+    {
+	ga_init2(&ga, (int)sizeof(char_u *), 10);
+	globpath(tv_get_string(&argvars[0]), file, &ga, flags);
+	if (rettv->v_type == VAR_STRING)
+	    rettv->vval.v_string = ga_concat_strings(&ga, "\n");
+	else if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) != FAIL)
+	    for (i = 0; i < ga.ga_len; ++i)
+		list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list,
+					    ((char_u **)(ga.ga_data))[i], -1);
+	ga_clear_strings(&ga);
+    }
+    else
+	rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "isdirectory()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_isdirectory(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    rettv->vval.v_number = mch_isdir(tv_get_string(&argvars[0]));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Evaluate "expr" (= "context") for readdir().
+ */
+    static int
+readdir_checkitem(void *context, char_u *name)
+{
+    typval_T	*expr = (typval_T *)context;
+    typval_T	save_val;
+    typval_T	rettv;
+    typval_T	argv[2];
+    int		retval = 0;
+    int		error = FALSE;
+
+    if (expr->v_type == VAR_UNKNOWN)
+	return 1;
+
+    prepare_vimvar(VV_VAL, &save_val);
+    set_vim_var_string(VV_VAL, name, -1);
+    argv[0].v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    argv[0].vval.v_string = name;
+
+    if (eval_expr_typval(expr, argv, 1, &rettv) == FAIL)
+	goto theend;
+
+    retval = tv_get_number_chk(&rettv, &error);
+    if (error)
+	retval = -1;
+    clear_tv(&rettv);
+
+theend:
+    set_vim_var_string(VV_VAL, NULL, 0);
+    restore_vimvar(VV_VAL, &save_val);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create the directory in which "dir" is located, and higher levels when
+ * needed.
+ * Return OK or FAIL.
+ */
+    static int
+mkdir_recurse(char_u *dir, int prot)
+{
+    char_u	*p;
+    char_u	*updir;
+    int		r = FAIL;
+
+    /* Get end of directory name in "dir".
+     * We're done when it's "/" or "c:/". */
+    p = gettail_sep(dir);
+    if (p <= get_past_head(dir))
+	return OK;
+
+    /* If the directory exists we're done.  Otherwise: create it.*/
+    updir = vim_strnsave(dir, (int)(p - dir));
+    if (updir == NULL)
+	return FAIL;
+    if (mch_isdir(updir))
+	r = OK;
+    else if (mkdir_recurse(updir, prot) == OK)
+	r = vim_mkdir_emsg(updir, prot);
+    vim_free(updir);
+    return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "mkdir()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_mkdir(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*dir;
+    char_u	buf[NUMBUFLEN];
+    int		prot = 0755;
+
+    rettv->vval.v_number = FAIL;
+    if (check_restricted() || check_secure())
+	return;
+
+    dir = tv_get_string_buf(&argvars[0], buf);
+    if (*dir == NUL)
+	return;
+
+    if (*gettail(dir) == NUL)
+	/* remove trailing slashes */
+	*gettail_sep(dir) = NUL;
+
+    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+	if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+	{
+	    prot = (int)tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[2], NULL);
+	    if (prot == -1)
+		return;
+	}
+	if (STRCMP(tv_get_string(&argvars[1]), "p") == 0)
+	{
+	    if (mch_isdir(dir))
+	    {
+		/* With the "p" flag it's OK if the dir already exists. */
+		rettv->vval.v_number = OK;
+		return;
+	    }
+	    mkdir_recurse(dir, prot);
+	}
+    }
+    rettv->vval.v_number = vim_mkdir_emsg(dir, prot);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "readdir()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_readdir(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    typval_T	*expr;
+    int		ret;
+    char_u	*path;
+    char_u	*p;
+    garray_T	ga;
+    int		i;
+
+    if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
+	return;
+    path = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+    expr = &argvars[1];
+
+    ret = readdir_core(&ga, path, (void *)expr, readdir_checkitem);
+    if (ret == OK && rettv->vval.v_list != NULL && ga.ga_len > 0)
+    {
+	for (i = 0; i < ga.ga_len; i++)
+	{
+	    p = ((char_u **)ga.ga_data)[i];
+	    list_append_string(rettv->vval.v_list, p, -1);
+	}
+    }
+    ga_clear_strings(&ga);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "readfile()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_readfile(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    int		binary = FALSE;
+    int		blob = FALSE;
+    int		failed = FALSE;
+    char_u	*fname;
+    FILE	*fd;
+    char_u	buf[(IOSIZE/256)*256];	/* rounded to avoid odd + 1 */
+    int		io_size = sizeof(buf);
+    int		readlen;		/* size of last fread() */
+    char_u	*prev	 = NULL;	/* previously read bytes, if any */
+    long	prevlen  = 0;		/* length of data in prev */
+    long	prevsize = 0;		/* size of prev buffer */
+    long	maxline  = MAXLNUM;
+    long	cnt	 = 0;
+    char_u	*p;			/* position in buf */
+    char_u	*start;			/* start of current line */
+
+    if (argvars[1].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+	if (STRCMP(tv_get_string(&argvars[1]), "b") == 0)
+	    binary = TRUE;
+	if (STRCMP(tv_get_string(&argvars[1]), "B") == 0)
+	    blob = TRUE;
+
+	if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+	    maxline = (long)tv_get_number(&argvars[2]);
+    }
+
+    if (blob)
+    {
+	if (rettv_blob_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
+	    return;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	if (rettv_list_alloc(rettv) == FAIL)
+	    return;
+    }
+
+    /* Always open the file in binary mode, library functions have a mind of
+     * their own about CR-LF conversion. */
+    fname = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+    if (*fname == NUL || (fd = mch_fopen((char *)fname, READBIN)) == NULL)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_notopen), *fname == NUL ? (char_u *)_("<empty>") : fname);
+	return;
+    }
+
+    if (blob)
+    {
+	if (read_blob(fd, rettv->vval.v_blob) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    emsg("cannot read file");
+	    blob_free(rettv->vval.v_blob);
+	}
+	fclose(fd);
+	return;
+    }
+
+    while (cnt < maxline || maxline < 0)
+    {
+	readlen = (int)fread(buf, 1, io_size, fd);
+
+	/* This for loop processes what was read, but is also entered at end
+	 * of file so that either:
+	 * - an incomplete line gets written
+	 * - a "binary" file gets an empty line at the end if it ends in a
+	 *   newline.  */
+	for (p = buf, start = buf;
+		p < buf + readlen || (readlen <= 0 && (prevlen > 0 || binary));
+		++p)
+	{
+	    if (*p == '\n' || readlen <= 0)
+	    {
+		listitem_T  *li;
+		char_u	    *s	= NULL;
+		long_u	    len = p - start;
+
+		/* Finished a line.  Remove CRs before NL. */
+		if (readlen > 0 && !binary)
+		{
+		    while (len > 0 && start[len - 1] == '\r')
+			--len;
+		    /* removal may cross back to the "prev" string */
+		    if (len == 0)
+			while (prevlen > 0 && prev[prevlen - 1] == '\r')
+			    --prevlen;
+		}
+		if (prevlen == 0)
+		    s = vim_strnsave(start, (int)len);
+		else
+		{
+		    /* Change "prev" buffer to be the right size.  This way
+		     * the bytes are only copied once, and very long lines are
+		     * allocated only once.  */
+		    if ((s = vim_realloc(prev, prevlen + len + 1)) != NULL)
+		    {
+			mch_memmove(s + prevlen, start, len);
+			s[prevlen + len] = NUL;
+			prev = NULL; /* the list will own the string */
+			prevlen = prevsize = 0;
+		    }
+		}
+		if (s == NULL)
+		{
+		    do_outofmem_msg((long_u) prevlen + len + 1);
+		    failed = TRUE;
+		    break;
+		}
+
+		if ((li = listitem_alloc()) == NULL)
+		{
+		    vim_free(s);
+		    failed = TRUE;
+		    break;
+		}
+		li->li_tv.v_type = VAR_STRING;
+		li->li_tv.v_lock = 0;
+		li->li_tv.vval.v_string = s;
+		list_append(rettv->vval.v_list, li);
+
+		start = p + 1; /* step over newline */
+		if ((++cnt >= maxline && maxline >= 0) || readlen <= 0)
+		    break;
+	    }
+	    else if (*p == NUL)
+		*p = '\n';
+	    /* Check for utf8 "bom"; U+FEFF is encoded as EF BB BF.  Do this
+	     * when finding the BF and check the previous two bytes. */
+	    else if (*p == 0xbf && enc_utf8 && !binary)
+	    {
+		/* Find the two bytes before the 0xbf.	If p is at buf, or buf
+		 * + 1, these may be in the "prev" string. */
+		char_u back1 = p >= buf + 1 ? p[-1]
+				     : prevlen >= 1 ? prev[prevlen - 1] : NUL;
+		char_u back2 = p >= buf + 2 ? p[-2]
+			  : p == buf + 1 && prevlen >= 1 ? prev[prevlen - 1]
+			  : prevlen >= 2 ? prev[prevlen - 2] : NUL;
+
+		if (back2 == 0xef && back1 == 0xbb)
+		{
+		    char_u *dest = p - 2;
+
+		    /* Usually a BOM is at the beginning of a file, and so at
+		     * the beginning of a line; then we can just step over it.
+		     */
+		    if (start == dest)
+			start = p + 1;
+		    else
+		    {
+			/* have to shuffle buf to close gap */
+			int adjust_prevlen = 0;
+
+			if (dest < buf)
+			{
+			    adjust_prevlen = (int)(buf - dest); /* must be 1 or 2 */
+			    dest = buf;
+			}
+			if (readlen > p - buf + 1)
+			    mch_memmove(dest, p + 1, readlen - (p - buf) - 1);
+			readlen -= 3 - adjust_prevlen;
+			prevlen -= adjust_prevlen;
+			p = dest - 1;
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	} /* for */
+
+	if (failed || (cnt >= maxline && maxline >= 0) || readlen <= 0)
+	    break;
+	if (start < p)
+	{
+	    /* There's part of a line in buf, store it in "prev". */
+	    if (p - start + prevlen >= prevsize)
+	    {
+		/* need bigger "prev" buffer */
+		char_u *newprev;
+
+		/* A common use case is ordinary text files and "prev" gets a
+		 * fragment of a line, so the first allocation is made
+		 * small, to avoid repeatedly 'allocing' large and
+		 * 'reallocing' small. */
+		if (prevsize == 0)
+		    prevsize = (long)(p - start);
+		else
+		{
+		    long grow50pc = (prevsize * 3) / 2;
+		    long growmin  = (long)((p - start) * 2 + prevlen);
+		    prevsize = grow50pc > growmin ? grow50pc : growmin;
+		}
+		newprev = vim_realloc(prev, prevsize);
+		if (newprev == NULL)
+		{
+		    do_outofmem_msg((long_u)prevsize);
+		    failed = TRUE;
+		    break;
+		}
+		prev = newprev;
+	    }
+	    /* Add the line part to end of "prev". */
+	    mch_memmove(prev + prevlen, start, p - start);
+	    prevlen += (long)(p - start);
+	}
+    } /* while */
+
+    /*
+     * For a negative line count use only the lines at the end of the file,
+     * free the rest.
+     */
+    if (!failed && maxline < 0)
+	while (cnt > -maxline)
+	{
+	    listitem_remove(rettv->vval.v_list, rettv->vval.v_list->lv_first);
+	    --cnt;
+	}
+
+    if (failed)
+    {
+	// an empty list is returned on error
+	list_free(rettv->vval.v_list);
+	rettv_list_alloc(rettv);
+    }
+
+    vim_free(prev);
+    fclose(fd);
+}
+
+/*
+ * "resolve()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_resolve(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    char_u	*p;
+#ifdef HAVE_READLINK
+    char_u	*buf = NULL;
+#endif
+
+    p = tv_get_string(&argvars[0]);
+#ifdef FEAT_SHORTCUT
+    {
+	char_u	*v = NULL;
+
+	v = mch_resolve_path(p, TRUE);
+	if (v != NULL)
+	    rettv->vval.v_string = v;
+	else
+	    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(p);
+    }
+#else
+# ifdef HAVE_READLINK
+    {
+	char_u	*cpy;
+	int	len;
+	char_u	*remain = NULL;
+	char_u	*q;
+	int	is_relative_to_current = FALSE;
+	int	has_trailing_pathsep = FALSE;
+	int	limit = 100;
+
+	p = vim_strsave(p);
+
+	if (p[0] == '.' && (vim_ispathsep(p[1])
+				   || (p[1] == '.' && (vim_ispathsep(p[2])))))
+	    is_relative_to_current = TRUE;
+
+	len = STRLEN(p);
+	if (len > 0 && after_pathsep(p, p + len))
+	{
+	    has_trailing_pathsep = TRUE;
+	    p[len - 1] = NUL; /* the trailing slash breaks readlink() */
+	}
+
+	q = getnextcomp(p);
+	if (*q != NUL)
+	{
+	    /* Separate the first path component in "p", and keep the
+	     * remainder (beginning with the path separator). */
+	    remain = vim_strsave(q - 1);
+	    q[-1] = NUL;
+	}
+
+	buf = alloc(MAXPATHL + 1);
+	if (buf == NULL)
+	    goto fail;
+
+	for (;;)
+	{
+	    for (;;)
+	    {
+		len = readlink((char *)p, (char *)buf, MAXPATHL);
+		if (len <= 0)
+		    break;
+		buf[len] = NUL;
+
+		if (limit-- == 0)
+		{
+		    vim_free(p);
+		    vim_free(remain);
+		    emsg(_("E655: Too many symbolic links (cycle?)"));
+		    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+		    goto fail;
+		}
+
+		/* Ensure that the result will have a trailing path separator
+		 * if the argument has one. */
+		if (remain == NULL && has_trailing_pathsep)
+		    add_pathsep(buf);
+
+		/* Separate the first path component in the link value and
+		 * concatenate the remainders. */
+		q = getnextcomp(vim_ispathsep(*buf) ? buf + 1 : buf);
+		if (*q != NUL)
+		{
+		    if (remain == NULL)
+			remain = vim_strsave(q - 1);
+		    else
+		    {
+			cpy = concat_str(q - 1, remain);
+			if (cpy != NULL)
+			{
+			    vim_free(remain);
+			    remain = cpy;
+			}
+		    }
+		    q[-1] = NUL;
+		}
+
+		q = gettail(p);
+		if (q > p && *q == NUL)
+		{
+		    /* Ignore trailing path separator. */
+		    q[-1] = NUL;
+		    q = gettail(p);
+		}
+		if (q > p && !mch_isFullName(buf))
+		{
+		    /* symlink is relative to directory of argument */
+		    cpy = alloc(STRLEN(p) + STRLEN(buf) + 1);
+		    if (cpy != NULL)
+		    {
+			STRCPY(cpy, p);
+			STRCPY(gettail(cpy), buf);
+			vim_free(p);
+			p = cpy;
+		    }
+		}
+		else
+		{
+		    vim_free(p);
+		    p = vim_strsave(buf);
+		}
+	    }
+
+	    if (remain == NULL)
+		break;
+
+	    /* Append the first path component of "remain" to "p". */
+	    q = getnextcomp(remain + 1);
+	    len = q - remain - (*q != NUL);
+	    cpy = vim_strnsave(p, STRLEN(p) + len);
+	    if (cpy != NULL)
+	    {
+		STRNCAT(cpy, remain, len);
+		vim_free(p);
+		p = cpy;
+	    }
+	    /* Shorten "remain". */
+	    if (*q != NUL)
+		STRMOVE(remain, q - 1);
+	    else
+		VIM_CLEAR(remain);
+	}
+
+	/* If the result is a relative path name, make it explicitly relative to
+	 * the current directory if and only if the argument had this form. */
+	if (!vim_ispathsep(*p))
+	{
+	    if (is_relative_to_current
+		    && *p != NUL
+		    && !(p[0] == '.'
+			&& (p[1] == NUL
+			    || vim_ispathsep(p[1])
+			    || (p[1] == '.'
+				&& (p[2] == NUL
+				    || vim_ispathsep(p[2]))))))
+	    {
+		/* Prepend "./". */
+		cpy = concat_str((char_u *)"./", p);
+		if (cpy != NULL)
+		{
+		    vim_free(p);
+		    p = cpy;
+		}
+	    }
+	    else if (!is_relative_to_current)
+	    {
+		/* Strip leading "./". */
+		q = p;
+		while (q[0] == '.' && vim_ispathsep(q[1]))
+		    q += 2;
+		if (q > p)
+		    STRMOVE(p, p + 2);
+	    }
+	}
+
+	/* Ensure that the result will have no trailing path separator
+	 * if the argument had none.  But keep "/" or "//". */
+	if (!has_trailing_pathsep)
+	{
+	    q = p + STRLEN(p);
+	    if (after_pathsep(p, q))
+		*gettail_sep(p) = NUL;
+	}
+
+	rettv->vval.v_string = p;
+    }
+# else
+    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_strsave(p);
+# endif
+#endif
+
+    simplify_filename(rettv->vval.v_string);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_READLINK
+fail:
+    vim_free(buf);
+#endif
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "tempname()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_tempname(typval_T *argvars UNUSED, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    static int	x = 'A';
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+    rettv->vval.v_string = vim_tempname(x, FALSE);
+
+    /* Advance 'x' to use A-Z and 0-9, so that there are at least 34 different
+     * names.  Skip 'I' and 'O', they are used for shell redirection. */
+    do
+    {
+	if (x == 'Z')
+	    x = '0';
+	else if (x == '9')
+	    x = 'A';
+	else
+	{
+#ifdef EBCDIC
+	    if (x == 'I')
+		x = 'J';
+	    else if (x == 'R')
+		x = 'S';
+	    else
+#endif
+		++x;
+	}
+    } while (x == 'I' || x == 'O');
+}
+
+/*
+ * "writefile()" function
+ */
+    void
+f_writefile(typval_T *argvars, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    int		binary = FALSE;
+    int		append = FALSE;
+#ifdef HAVE_FSYNC
+    int		do_fsync = p_fs;
+#endif
+    char_u	*fname;
+    FILE	*fd;
+    int		ret = 0;
+    listitem_T	*li;
+    list_T	*list = NULL;
+    blob_T	*blob = NULL;
+
+    rettv->vval.v_number = -1;
+    if (check_secure())
+	return;
+
+    if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_LIST)
+    {
+	list = argvars[0].vval.v_list;
+	if (list == NULL)
+	    return;
+	for (li = list->lv_first; li != NULL; li = li->li_next)
+	    if (tv_get_string_chk(&li->li_tv) == NULL)
+		return;
+    }
+    else if (argvars[0].v_type == VAR_BLOB)
+    {
+	blob = argvars[0].vval.v_blob;
+	if (blob == NULL)
+	    return;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_invarg2), "writefile()");
+	return;
+    }
+
+    if (argvars[2].v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+	char_u *arg2 = tv_get_string_chk(&argvars[2]);
+
+	if (arg2 == NULL)
+	    return;
+	if (vim_strchr(arg2, 'b') != NULL)
+	    binary = TRUE;
+	if (vim_strchr(arg2, 'a') != NULL)
+	    append = TRUE;
+#ifdef HAVE_FSYNC
+	if (vim_strchr(arg2, 's') != NULL)
+	    do_fsync = TRUE;
+	else if (vim_strchr(arg2, 'S') != NULL)
+	    do_fsync = FALSE;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    fname = tv_get_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
+    if (fname == NULL)
+	return;
+
+    /* Always open the file in binary mode, library functions have a mind of
+     * their own about CR-LF conversion. */
+    if (*fname == NUL || (fd = mch_fopen((char *)fname,
+				      append ? APPENDBIN : WRITEBIN)) == NULL)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_notcreate), *fname == NUL ? (char_u *)_("<empty>") : fname);
+	ret = -1;
+    }
+    else if (blob)
+    {
+	if (write_blob(fd, blob) == FAIL)
+	    ret = -1;
+#ifdef HAVE_FSYNC
+	else if (do_fsync)
+	    // Ignore the error, the user wouldn't know what to do about it.
+	    // May happen for a device.
+	    vim_ignored = vim_fsync(fileno(fd));
+#endif
+	fclose(fd);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	if (write_list(fd, list, binary) == FAIL)
+	    ret = -1;
+#ifdef HAVE_FSYNC
+	else if (do_fsync)
+	    /* Ignore the error, the user wouldn't know what to do about it.
+	     * May happen for a device. */
+	    vim_ignored = vim_fsync(fileno(fd));
+#endif
+	fclose(fd);
+    }
+
+    rettv->vval.v_number = ret;
+}
+
+#endif // FEAT_EVAL
+
+#if defined(FEAT_BROWSE) || defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Generic browse function.  Calls gui_mch_browse() when possible.
+ * Later this may pop-up a non-GUI file selector (external command?).
+ */
+    char_u *
+do_browse(
+    int		flags,		/* BROWSE_SAVE and BROWSE_DIR */
+    char_u	*title,		/* title for the window */
+    char_u	*dflt,		/* default file name (may include directory) */
+    char_u	*ext,		/* extension added */
+    char_u	*initdir,	/* initial directory, NULL for current dir or
+				   when using path from "dflt" */
+    char_u	*filter,	/* file name filter */
+    buf_T	*buf)		/* buffer to read/write for */
+{
+    char_u		*fname;
+    static char_u	*last_dir = NULL;    /* last used directory */
+    char_u		*tofree = NULL;
+    int			save_browse = cmdmod.browse;
+
+    /* Must turn off browse to avoid that autocommands will get the
+     * flag too!  */
+    cmdmod.browse = FALSE;
+
+    if (title == NULL || *title == NUL)
+    {
+	if (flags & BROWSE_DIR)
+	    title = (char_u *)_("Select Directory dialog");
+	else if (flags & BROWSE_SAVE)
+	    title = (char_u *)_("Save File dialog");
+	else
+	    title = (char_u *)_("Open File dialog");
+    }
+
+    /* When no directory specified, use default file name, default dir, buffer
+     * dir, last dir or current dir */
+    if ((initdir == NULL || *initdir == NUL) && dflt != NULL && *dflt != NUL)
+    {
+	if (mch_isdir(dflt))		/* default file name is a directory */
+	{
+	    initdir = dflt;
+	    dflt = NULL;
+	}
+	else if (gettail(dflt) != dflt)	/* default file name includes a path */
+	{
+	    tofree = vim_strsave(dflt);
+	    if (tofree != NULL)
+	    {
+		initdir = tofree;
+		*gettail(initdir) = NUL;
+		dflt = gettail(dflt);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (initdir == NULL || *initdir == NUL)
+    {
+	/* When 'browsedir' is a directory, use it */
+	if (STRCMP(p_bsdir, "last") != 0
+		&& STRCMP(p_bsdir, "buffer") != 0
+		&& STRCMP(p_bsdir, "current") != 0
+		&& mch_isdir(p_bsdir))
+	    initdir = p_bsdir;
+	/* When saving or 'browsedir' is "buffer", use buffer fname */
+	else if (((flags & BROWSE_SAVE) || *p_bsdir == 'b')
+		&& buf != NULL && buf->b_ffname != NULL)
+	{
+	    if (dflt == NULL || *dflt == NUL)
+		dflt = gettail(curbuf->b_ffname);
+	    tofree = vim_strsave(curbuf->b_ffname);
+	    if (tofree != NULL)
+	    {
+		initdir = tofree;
+		*gettail(initdir) = NUL;
+	    }
+	}
+	/* When 'browsedir' is "last", use dir from last browse */
+	else if (*p_bsdir == 'l')
+	    initdir = last_dir;
+	/* When 'browsedir is "current", use current directory.  This is the
+	 * default already, leave initdir empty. */
+    }
+
+# ifdef FEAT_GUI
+    if (gui.in_use)		/* when this changes, also adjust f_has()! */
+    {
+	if (filter == NULL
+#  ifdef FEAT_EVAL
+		&& (filter = get_var_value((char_u *)"b:browsefilter")) == NULL
+		&& (filter = get_var_value((char_u *)"g:browsefilter")) == NULL
+#  endif
+	)
+	    filter = BROWSE_FILTER_DEFAULT;
+	if (flags & BROWSE_DIR)
+	{
+#  if defined(FEAT_GUI_GTK) || defined(MSWIN)
+	    /* For systems that have a directory dialog. */
+	    fname = gui_mch_browsedir(title, initdir);
+#  else
+	    /* Generic solution for selecting a directory: select a file and
+	     * remove the file name. */
+	    fname = gui_mch_browse(0, title, dflt, ext, initdir, (char_u *)"");
+#  endif
+#  if !defined(FEAT_GUI_GTK)
+	    /* Win32 adds a dummy file name, others return an arbitrary file
+	     * name.  GTK+ 2 returns only the directory, */
+	    if (fname != NULL && *fname != NUL && !mch_isdir(fname))
+	    {
+		/* Remove the file name. */
+		char_u	    *tail = gettail_sep(fname);
+
+		if (tail == fname)
+		    *tail++ = '.';	/* use current dir */
+		*tail = NUL;
+	    }
+#  endif
+	}
+	else
+	    fname = gui_mch_browse(flags & BROWSE_SAVE,
+			       title, dflt, ext, initdir, (char_u *)_(filter));
+
+	/* We hang around in the dialog for a while, the user might do some
+	 * things to our files.  The Win32 dialog allows deleting or renaming
+	 * a file, check timestamps. */
+	need_check_timestamps = TRUE;
+	did_check_timestamps = FALSE;
+    }
+    else
+# endif
+    {
+	/* TODO: non-GUI file selector here */
+	emsg(_("E338: Sorry, no file browser in console mode"));
+	fname = NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* keep the directory for next time */
+    if (fname != NULL)
+    {
+	vim_free(last_dir);
+	last_dir = vim_strsave(fname);
+	if (last_dir != NULL && !(flags & BROWSE_DIR))
+	{
+	    *gettail(last_dir) = NUL;
+	    if (*last_dir == NUL)
+	    {
+		/* filename only returned, must be in current dir */
+		vim_free(last_dir);
+		last_dir = alloc(MAXPATHL);
+		if (last_dir != NULL)
+		    mch_dirname(last_dir, MAXPATHL);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    vim_free(tofree);
+    cmdmod.browse = save_browse;
+
+    return fname;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
+
+/*
+ * "browse(save, title, initdir, default)" function
+ */
+    void
+f_browse(typval_T *argvars UNUSED, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+# ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
+    int		save;
+    char_u	*title;
+    char_u	*initdir;
+    char_u	*defname;
+    char_u	buf[NUMBUFLEN];
+    char_u	buf2[NUMBUFLEN];
+    int		error = FALSE;
+
+    save = (int)tv_get_number_chk(&argvars[0], &error);
+    title = tv_get_string_chk(&argvars[1]);
+    initdir = tv_get_string_buf_chk(&argvars[2], buf);
+    defname = tv_get_string_buf_chk(&argvars[3], buf2);
+
+    if (error || title == NULL || initdir == NULL || defname == NULL)
+	rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+    else
+	rettv->vval.v_string =
+		 do_browse(save ? BROWSE_SAVE : 0,
+				 title, defname, NULL, initdir, NULL, curbuf);
+# else
+    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+# endif
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "browsedir(title, initdir)" function
+ */
+    void
+f_browsedir(typval_T *argvars UNUSED, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+# ifdef FEAT_BROWSE
+    char_u	*title;
+    char_u	*initdir;
+    char_u	buf[NUMBUFLEN];
+
+    title = tv_get_string_chk(&argvars[0]);
+    initdir = tv_get_string_buf_chk(&argvars[1], buf);
+
+    if (title == NULL || initdir == NULL)
+	rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+    else
+	rettv->vval.v_string = do_browse(BROWSE_DIR,
+				    title, NULL, NULL, initdir, NULL, curbuf);
+# else
+    rettv->vval.v_string = NULL;
+# endif
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_STRING;
+}
+
+#endif // FEAT_EVAL