new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mbyte.c
@@ -0,0 +1,5833 @@
+/* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4:
+ *
+ * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
+ * Multibyte extensions partly by Sung-Hoon Baek
+ *
+ * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
+ * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
+ * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
+ */
+/*
+ * mbyte.c: Code specifically for handling multi-byte characters.
+ *
+ * The encoding used in the core is set with 'encoding'.  When 'encoding' is
+ * changed, the following four variables are set (for speed).
+ * Currently these types of character encodings are supported:
+ *
+ * "enc_dbcs"	    When non-zero it tells the type of double byte character
+ *		    encoding (Chinese, Korean, Japanese, etc.).
+ *		    The cell width on the display is equal to the number of
+ *		    bytes.  (exception: DBCS_JPNU with first byte 0x8e)
+ *		    Recognizing the first or second byte is difficult, it
+ *		    requires checking a byte sequence from the start.
+ * "enc_utf8"	    When TRUE use Unicode characters in UTF-8 encoding.
+ *		    The cell width on the display needs to be determined from
+ *		    the character value.
+ *		    Recognizing bytes is easy: 0xxx.xxxx is a single-byte
+ *		    char, 10xx.xxxx is a trailing byte, 11xx.xxxx is a leading
+ *		    byte of a multi-byte character.
+ *		    To make things complicated, up to two composing characters
+ *		    are allowed.  These are drawn on top of the first char.
+ *		    For most editing the sequence of bytes with composing
+ *		    characters included is considered to be one character.
+ * "enc_unicode"    When 2 use 16-bit Unicode characters (or UTF-16).
+ *		    When 4 use 32-but Unicode characters.
+ *		    Internally characters are stored in UTF-8 encoding to
+ *		    avoid NUL bytes.  Conversion happens when doing I/O.
+ *		    "enc_utf8" will also be TRUE.
+ *
+ * "has_mbyte" is set when "enc_dbcs" or "enc_utf8" is non-zero.
+ *
+ * If none of these is TRUE, 8-bit bytes are used for a character.  The
+ * encoding isn't currently specified (TODO).
+ *
+ * 'encoding' specifies the encoding used in the core.  This is in registers,
+ * text manipulation, buffers, etc.  Conversion has to be done when characters
+ * in another encoding are received or send:
+ *
+ *		       clipboard
+ *			   ^
+ *			   | (2)
+ *			   V
+ *		   +---------------+
+ *	      (1)  |		   | (3)
+ *  keyboard ----->|	 core	   |-----> display
+ *		   |		   |
+ *		   +---------------+
+ *			   ^
+ *			   | (4)
+ *			   V
+ *			 file
+ *
+ * (1) Typed characters arrive in the current locale.  Conversion is to be
+ *     done when 'encoding' is different from 'termencoding'.
+ * (2) Text will be made available with the encoding specified with
+ *     'encoding'.  If this is not sufficient, system-specific conversion
+ *     might be required.
+ * (3) For the GUI the correct font must be selected, no conversion done.
+ *     Otherwise, conversion is to be done when 'encoding' differs from
+ *     'termencoding'.  (Different in the GTK+ 2 port -- 'termencoding'
+ *     is always used for both input and output and must always be set to
+ *     "utf-8".  gui_mch_init() does this automatically.)
+ * (4) The encoding of the file is specified with 'fileencoding'.  Conversion
+ *     is to be done when it's different from 'encoding'.
+ *
+ * The viminfo file is a special case: Only text is converted, not file names.
+ * Vim scripts may contain an ":encoding" command.  This has an effect for
+ * some commands, like ":menutrans"
+ */
+
+#include "vim.h"
+
+#ifdef WIN32UNIX
+# ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#  define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# endif
+# include <windows.h>
+# ifdef WIN32
+#  undef WIN32	    /* Some windows.h define WIN32, we don't want that here. */
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if (defined(WIN3264) || defined(WIN32UNIX)) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
+# include <winnls.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_X11
+# include <X11/Intrinsic.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef X_LOCALE
+#include <X11/Xlocale.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_XIM) && defined(HAVE_GTK2)
+# include <gdk/gdkkeysyms.h>
+# ifdef WIN3264
+#  include <gdk/gdkwin32.h>
+# else
+#  include <gdk/gdkx.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_WCHAR_H
+# include <wchar.h>
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+/* This has been disabled, because several people reported problems with the
+ * wcwidth() and iswprint() library functions, esp. for Hebrew. */
+# ifdef __STDC_ISO_10646__
+#  define USE_WCHAR_FUNCTIONS
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(PROTO)
+
+static int enc_canon_search __ARGS((char_u *name));
+static int dbcs_char2len __ARGS((int c));
+static int dbcs_char2bytes __ARGS((int c, char_u *buf));
+static int dbcs_ptr2len_check __ARGS((char_u *p));
+static int dbcs_char2cells __ARGS((int c));
+static int dbcs_ptr2char __ARGS((char_u *p));
+
+/* Lookup table to quickly get the length in bytes of a UTF-8 character from
+ * the first byte of a UTF-8 string.  Bytes which are illegal when used as the
+ * first byte have a one, because these will be used separately. */
+static char utf8len_tab[256] =
+{
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, /*bogus*/
+    1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, /*bogus*/
+    2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
+    3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,6,6,1,1,
+};
+
+/*
+ * XIM often causes trouble.  Define XIM_DEBUG to get a log of XIM callbacks
+ * in the "xim.log" file.
+ */
+/* #define XIM_DEBUG */
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    static void
+xim_log(char *s, ...)
+{
+    va_list arglist;
+    static FILE *fd = NULL;
+
+    if (fd == (FILE *)-1)
+	return;
+    if (fd == NULL)
+    {
+	fd = fopen("xim.log", "w");
+	if (fd == NULL)
+	{
+	    EMSG("Cannot open xim.log");
+	    fd = (FILE *)-1;
+	    return;
+	}
+    }
+
+    va_start(arglist, s);
+    vfprintf(fd, s, arglist);
+    va_end(arglist);
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(FEAT_POSTSCRIPT) || defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Canonical encoding names and their properties.
+ * "iso-8859-n" is handled by enc_canonize() directly.
+ */
+static struct
+{   char *name;		int prop;		int codepage;}
+enc_canon_table[] =
+{
+#define IDX_LATIN_1	0
+    {"latin1",		ENC_8BIT + ENC_LATIN1,	1252},
+#define IDX_ISO_2	1
+    {"iso-8859-2",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_3	2
+    {"iso-8859-3",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_4	3
+    {"iso-8859-4",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_5	4
+    {"iso-8859-5",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_6	5
+    {"iso-8859-6",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_7	6
+    {"iso-8859-7",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_CP1255	7
+    {"cp1255",		ENC_8BIT,		1255}, /* close to iso-8859-8 */
+#define IDX_ISO_8	8
+    {"iso-8859-8",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_9	9
+    {"iso-8859-9",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_10	10
+    {"iso-8859-10",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_11	11
+    {"iso-8859-11",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_13	12
+    {"iso-8859-13",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_14	13
+    {"iso-8859-14",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_ISO_15	14
+    {"iso-8859-15",	ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_KOI8_R	15
+    {"koi8-r",		ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_KOI8_U	16
+    {"koi8-u",		ENC_8BIT,		0},
+#define IDX_UTF8	17
+    {"utf-8",		ENC_UNICODE,		0},
+#define IDX_UCS2	18
+    {"ucs-2",		ENC_UNICODE + ENC_ENDIAN_B + ENC_2BYTE, 0},
+#define IDX_UCS2LE	19
+    {"ucs-2le",		ENC_UNICODE + ENC_ENDIAN_L + ENC_2BYTE, 0},
+#define IDX_UTF16	20
+    {"utf-16",		ENC_UNICODE + ENC_ENDIAN_B + ENC_2WORD, 0},
+#define IDX_UTF16LE	21
+    {"utf-16le",	ENC_UNICODE + ENC_ENDIAN_L + ENC_2WORD, 0},
+#define IDX_UCS4	22
+    {"ucs-4",		ENC_UNICODE + ENC_ENDIAN_B + ENC_4BYTE, 0},
+#define IDX_UCS4LE	23
+    {"ucs-4le",		ENC_UNICODE + ENC_ENDIAN_L + ENC_4BYTE, 0},
+#define IDX_DEBUG	24
+    {"debug",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_DEBUG},
+#define IDX_CP932	25
+    {"cp932",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_JPN},
+#define IDX_CP949	26
+    {"cp949",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_KOR},
+#define IDX_CP936	27
+    {"cp936",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_CHS},
+#define IDX_CP950	28
+    {"cp950",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_CHT},
+#define IDX_EUC_JP	29
+    {"euc-jp",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_JPNU},
+#define IDX_SJIS	30
+    {"sjis",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_JPN},
+#define IDX_EUC_KR	31
+    {"euc-kr",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_KORU},
+#define IDX_EUC_CN	32
+    {"euc-cn",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_CHSU},
+#define IDX_EUC_TW	33
+    {"euc-tw",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_CHTU},
+#define IDX_BIG5	34
+    {"big5",		ENC_DBCS,		DBCS_CHT},
+#define IDX_CP1251	35
+    {"cp1251",		ENC_8BIT,		1251},
+#define IDX_MACROMAN	36
+    {"macroman",	ENC_8BIT + ENC_MACROMAN, 0},
+#define IDX_COUNT	37
+};
+
+/*
+ * Aliases for encoding names.
+ */
+static struct
+{   char *name;		int canon;}
+enc_alias_table[] =
+{
+    {"ansi",		IDX_LATIN_1},
+    {"iso-8859-1",	IDX_LATIN_1},
+    {"latin2",		IDX_ISO_2},
+    {"latin3",		IDX_ISO_3},
+    {"latin4",		IDX_ISO_4},
+    {"cyrillic",	IDX_ISO_5},
+    {"arabic",		IDX_ISO_6},
+    {"greek",		IDX_ISO_7},
+#ifdef WIN3264
+    {"hebrew",		IDX_CP1255},
+#else
+    {"hebrew",		IDX_ISO_8},
+#endif
+    {"latin5",		IDX_ISO_9},
+    {"turkish",		IDX_ISO_9}, /* ? */
+    {"latin6",		IDX_ISO_10},
+    {"nordic",		IDX_ISO_10}, /* ? */
+    {"thai",		IDX_ISO_11}, /* ? */
+    {"latin7",		IDX_ISO_13},
+    {"latin8",		IDX_ISO_14},
+    {"latin9",		IDX_ISO_15},
+    {"utf8",		IDX_UTF8},
+    {"unicode",		IDX_UCS2},
+    {"ucs2",		IDX_UCS2},
+    {"ucs2be",		IDX_UCS2},
+    {"ucs-2be",		IDX_UCS2},
+    {"ucs2le",		IDX_UCS2LE},
+    {"utf16",		IDX_UTF16},
+    {"utf16be",		IDX_UTF16},
+    {"utf-16be",	IDX_UTF16},
+    {"utf16le",		IDX_UTF16LE},
+    {"ucs4",		IDX_UCS4},
+    {"ucs4be",		IDX_UCS4},
+    {"ucs-4be",		IDX_UCS4},
+    {"ucs4le",		IDX_UCS4LE},
+    {"932",		IDX_CP932},
+    {"949",		IDX_CP949},
+    {"936",		IDX_CP936},
+    {"950",		IDX_CP950},
+    {"eucjp",		IDX_EUC_JP},
+    {"unix-jis",	IDX_EUC_JP},
+    {"ujis",		IDX_EUC_JP},
+    {"shift-jis",	IDX_SJIS},
+    {"euckr",		IDX_EUC_KR},
+    {"5601",		IDX_EUC_KR},	/* Sun: KS C 5601 */
+    {"euccn",		IDX_EUC_CN},
+    {"gb2312",		IDX_EUC_CN},
+    {"euctw",		IDX_EUC_TW},
+#if defined(WIN3264) || defined(WIN32UNIX) || defined(MACOS)
+    {"japan",		IDX_CP932},
+    {"korea",		IDX_CP949},
+    {"prc",		IDX_CP936},
+    {"chinese",		IDX_CP936},
+    {"taiwan",		IDX_CP950},
+    {"big5",		IDX_CP950},
+#else
+    {"japan",		IDX_EUC_JP},
+    {"korea",		IDX_EUC_KR},
+    {"prc",		IDX_EUC_CN},
+    {"chinese",		IDX_EUC_CN},
+    {"taiwan",		IDX_EUC_TW},
+    {"cp950",		IDX_BIG5},
+    {"950",		IDX_BIG5},
+#endif
+    {"mac",		IDX_MACROMAN},
+    {NULL,		0}
+};
+
+#ifndef CP_UTF8
+# define CP_UTF8 65001	/* magic number from winnls.h */
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Find encoding "name" in the list of canonical encoding names.
+ * Returns -1 if not found.
+ */
+    static int
+enc_canon_search(name)
+    char_u	*name;
+{
+    int		i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < IDX_COUNT; ++i)
+	if (STRCMP(name, enc_canon_table[i].name) == 0)
+	    return i;
+    return -1;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(PROTO)
+
+/*
+ * Find canonical encoding "name" in the list and return its properties.
+ * Returns 0 if not found.
+ */
+    int
+enc_canon_props(name)
+    char_u	*name;
+{
+    int		i;
+
+    i = enc_canon_search(name);
+    if (i >= 0)
+	return enc_canon_table[i].prop;
+#ifdef WIN3264
+    if (name[0] == 'c' && name[1] == 'p' && VIM_ISDIGIT(name[2]))
+    {
+	CPINFO	cpinfo;
+
+	/* Get info on this codepage to find out what it is. */
+	if (GetCPInfo(atoi(name + 2), &cpinfo) != 0)
+	{
+	    if (cpinfo.MaxCharSize == 1) /* some single-byte encoding */
+		return ENC_8BIT;
+	    if (cpinfo.MaxCharSize == 2
+		    && (cpinfo.LeadByte[0] != 0 || cpinfo.LeadByte[1] != 0))
+		/* must be a DBCS encoding */
+		return ENC_DBCS;
+	}
+	return 0;
+    }
+#endif
+    if (STRNCMP(name, "2byte-", 6) == 0)
+	return ENC_DBCS;
+    if (STRNCMP(name, "8bit-", 5) == 0 || STRNCMP(name, "iso-8859-", 9) == 0)
+	return ENC_8BIT;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set up for using multi-byte characters.
+ * Called in three cases:
+ * - by main() to initialize (p_enc == NULL)
+ * - by set_init_1() after 'encoding' was set to its default.
+ * - by do_set() when 'encoding' has been set.
+ * p_enc must have been passed through enc_canonize() already.
+ * Sets the "enc_unicode", "enc_utf8", "enc_dbcs" and "has_mbyte" flags.
+ * Fills mb_bytelen_tab[] and returns NULL when there are no problems.
+ * When there is something wrong: Returns an error message and doesn't change
+ * anything.
+ */
+    char_u *
+mb_init()
+{
+    int		i;
+    int		idx;
+    int		n;
+    int		enc_dbcs_new = 0;
+#if defined(USE_ICONV) && !defined(WIN3264) && !defined(WIN32UNIX) \
+	&& !defined(MACOS)
+# define LEN_FROM_CONV
+    vimconv_T	vimconv;
+    char_u	*p;
+#endif
+
+    if (p_enc == NULL)
+    {
+	/* Just starting up: set the whole table to one's. */
+	for (i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
+	    mb_bytelen_tab[i] = 1;
+	input_conv.vc_type = CONV_NONE;
+	input_conv.vc_factor = 1;
+	output_conv.vc_type = CONV_NONE;
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+#ifdef WIN3264
+    if (p_enc[0] == 'c' && p_enc[1] == 'p' && VIM_ISDIGIT(p_enc[2]))
+    {
+	CPINFO	cpinfo;
+
+	/* Get info on this codepage to find out what it is. */
+	if (GetCPInfo(atoi(p_enc + 2), &cpinfo) != 0)
+	{
+	    if (cpinfo.MaxCharSize == 1)
+	    {
+		/* some single-byte encoding */
+		enc_unicode = 0;
+		enc_utf8 = FALSE;
+	    }
+	    else if (cpinfo.MaxCharSize == 2
+		    && (cpinfo.LeadByte[0] != 0 || cpinfo.LeadByte[1] != 0))
+	    {
+		/* must be a DBCS encoding, check below */
+		enc_dbcs_new = atoi(p_enc + 2);
+	    }
+	    else
+		goto codepage_invalid;
+	}
+	else if (GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER)
+	{
+codepage_invalid:
+	    return (char_u *)N_("E543: Not a valid codepage");
+	}
+    }
+#endif
+    else if (STRNCMP(p_enc, "8bit-", 5) == 0
+	    || STRNCMP(p_enc, "iso-8859-", 9) == 0)
+    {
+	/* Accept any "8bit-" or "iso-8859-" name. */
+	enc_unicode = 0;
+	enc_utf8 = FALSE;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(p_enc, "2byte-", 6) == 0)
+    {
+#ifdef WIN3264
+	/* Windows: accept only valid codepage numbers, check below. */
+	if (p_enc[6] != 'c' || p_enc[7] != 'p'
+				      || (enc_dbcs_new = atoi(p_enc + 8)) == 0)
+	    return e_invarg;
+#else
+	/* Unix: accept any "2byte-" name, assume current locale. */
+	enc_dbcs_new = DBCS_2BYTE;
+#endif
+    }
+    else if ((idx = enc_canon_search(p_enc)) >= 0)
+    {
+	i = enc_canon_table[idx].prop;
+	if (i & ENC_UNICODE)
+	{
+	    /* Unicode */
+	    enc_utf8 = TRUE;
+	    if (i & (ENC_2BYTE | ENC_2WORD))
+		enc_unicode = 2;
+	    else if (i & ENC_4BYTE)
+		enc_unicode = 4;
+	    else
+		enc_unicode = 0;
+	}
+	else if (i & ENC_DBCS)
+	{
+	    /* 2byte, handle below */
+	    enc_dbcs_new = enc_canon_table[idx].codepage;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    /* Must be 8-bit. */
+	    enc_unicode = 0;
+	    enc_utf8 = FALSE;
+	}
+    }
+    else    /* Don't know what encoding this is, reject it. */
+	return e_invarg;
+
+    if (enc_dbcs_new != 0)
+    {
+#ifdef WIN3264
+	/* Check if the DBCS code page is OK. */
+	if (!IsValidCodePage(enc_dbcs_new))
+	    goto codepage_invalid;
+#endif
+	enc_unicode = 0;
+	enc_utf8 = FALSE;
+    }
+    enc_dbcs = enc_dbcs_new;
+    has_mbyte = (enc_dbcs != 0 || enc_utf8);
+
+#ifdef WIN3264
+    enc_codepage = encname2codepage(p_enc);
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * Set the function pointers.
+     */
+    if (enc_utf8)
+    {
+	mb_ptr2len_check = utfc_ptr2len_check;
+	mb_char2len = utf_char2len;
+	mb_char2bytes = utf_char2bytes;
+	mb_ptr2cells = utf_ptr2cells;
+	mb_char2cells = utf_char2cells;
+	mb_off2cells = utf_off2cells;
+	mb_ptr2char = utf_ptr2char;
+	mb_head_off = utf_head_off;
+    }
+    else if (enc_dbcs != 0)
+    {
+	mb_ptr2len_check = dbcs_ptr2len_check;
+	mb_char2len = dbcs_char2len;
+	mb_char2bytes = dbcs_char2bytes;
+	mb_ptr2cells = dbcs_ptr2cells;
+	mb_char2cells = dbcs_char2cells;
+	mb_off2cells = dbcs_off2cells;
+	mb_ptr2char = dbcs_ptr2char;
+	mb_head_off = dbcs_head_off;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	mb_ptr2len_check = latin_ptr2len_check;
+	mb_char2len = latin_char2len;
+	mb_char2bytes = latin_char2bytes;
+	mb_ptr2cells = latin_ptr2cells;
+	mb_char2cells = latin_char2cells;
+	mb_off2cells = latin_off2cells;
+	mb_ptr2char = latin_ptr2char;
+	mb_head_off = latin_head_off;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Fill the mb_bytelen_tab[] for MB_BYTE2LEN().
+     */
+#ifdef LEN_FROM_CONV
+    /* When 'encoding' is different from the current locale mblen() won't
+     * work.  Use conversion to "utf-8" instead. */
+    vimconv.vc_type = CONV_NONE;
+    if (enc_dbcs)
+    {
+	p = enc_locale();
+	if (p == NULL || STRCMP(p, p_enc) != 0)
+	{
+	    convert_setup(&vimconv, p_enc, (char_u *)"utf-8");
+	    vimconv.vc_fail = TRUE;
+	}
+	vim_free(p);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 256; ++i)
+    {
+	/* Our own function to reliably check the length of UTF-8 characters,
+	 * independent of mblen(). */
+	if (enc_utf8)
+	    n = utf8len_tab[i];
+	else if (enc_dbcs == 0)
+	    n = 1;
+	else
+	{
+#if defined(WIN3264) || defined(WIN32UNIX)
+	    /* enc_dbcs is set by setting 'fileencoding'.  It becomes a Windows
+	     * CodePage identifier, which we can pass directly in to Windows
+	     * API */
+	    n = IsDBCSLeadByteEx(enc_dbcs, (BYTE)i) ? 2 : 1;
+#else
+# ifdef MACOS
+	    /*
+	     * if mblen() is not available, character which MSB is turned on
+	     * are treated as leading byte character. (note : This assumption
+	     * is not always true.)
+	     */
+	    n = (i & 0x80) ? 2 : 1;
+# else
+	    char buf[MB_MAXBYTES];
+# ifdef X_LOCALE
+#  ifndef mblen
+#   define mblen _Xmblen
+#  endif
+# endif
+	    if (i == NUL)	/* just in case mblen() can't handle "" */
+		n = 1;
+	    else
+	    {
+		buf[0] = i;
+		buf[1] = 0;
+#ifdef LEN_FROM_CONV
+		if (vimconv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
+		{
+		    /*
+		     * string_convert() should fail when converting the first
+		     * byte of a double-byte character.
+		     */
+		    p = string_convert(&vimconv, (char_u *)buf, NULL);
+		    if (p != NULL)
+		    {
+			vim_free(p);
+			n = 1;
+		    }
+		    else
+			n = 2;
+		}
+		else
+#endif
+		{
+		    /*
+		     * mblen() should return -1 for invalid (means the leading
+		     * multibyte) character.  However there are some platforms
+		     * where mblen() returns 0 for invalid character.
+		     * Therefore, following condition includes 0.
+		     */
+		    if (mblen(buf, (size_t)1) <= 0)
+			n = 2;
+		    else
+			n = 1;
+		}
+	    }
+# endif
+#endif
+	}
+
+	mb_bytelen_tab[i] = n;
+    }
+
+#ifdef LEN_FROM_CONV
+    convert_setup(&vimconv, NULL, NULL);
+#endif
+
+    /* The cell width depends on the type of multi-byte characters. */
+    (void)init_chartab();
+
+    /* When enc_utf8 is set or reset, (de)allocate ScreenLinesUC[] */
+    screenalloc(FALSE);
+
+    /* When using Unicode, set default for 'fileencodings'. */
+    if (enc_utf8 && !option_was_set((char_u *)"fencs"))
+	set_string_option_direct((char_u *)"fencs", -1,
+				 (char_u *)"ucs-bom,utf-8,latin1", OPT_FREE);
+#if defined(HAVE_BIND_TEXTDOMAIN_CODESET) && defined(FEAT_GETTEXT)
+    /* GNU gettext 0.10.37 supports this feature: set the codeset used for
+     * translated messages independently from the current locale. */
+    (void)bind_textdomain_codeset(VIMPACKAGE,
+					  enc_utf8 ? "utf-8" : (char *)p_enc);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FEAT_AUTOCMD
+    /* Fire an autocommand to let people do custom font setup. This must be
+     * after Vim has been setup for the new encoding. */
+    apply_autocmds(EVENT_ENCODINGCHANGED, NULL, (char_u *)"", FALSE, curbuf);
+#endif
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the size of the BOM for the current buffer:
+ * 0 - no BOM
+ * 2 - UCS-2 or UTF-16 BOM
+ * 4 - UCS-4 BOM
+ * 3 - UTF-8 BOM
+ */
+    int
+bomb_size()
+{
+    int n = 0;
+
+    if (curbuf->b_p_bomb && !curbuf->b_p_bin)
+    {
+	if (*curbuf->b_p_fenc == NUL)
+	{
+	    if (enc_utf8)
+	    {
+		if (enc_unicode != 0)
+		    n = enc_unicode;
+		else
+		    n = 3;
+	    }
+	}
+	else if (STRCMP(curbuf->b_p_fenc, "utf-8") == 0)
+	    n = 3;
+	else if (STRNCMP(curbuf->b_p_fenc, "ucs-2", 5) == 0
+		|| STRNCMP(curbuf->b_p_fenc, "utf-16", 6) == 0)
+	    n = 2;
+	else if (STRNCMP(curbuf->b_p_fenc, "ucs-4", 5) == 0)
+	    n = 4;
+    }
+    return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get class of pointer:
+ * 0 for blank or NUL
+ * 1 for punctuation
+ * 2 for an (ASCII) word character
+ * >2 for other word characters
+ */
+    int
+mb_get_class(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    if (MB_BYTE2LEN(p[0]) == 1)
+    {
+	if (p[0] == NUL || vim_iswhite(p[0]))
+	    return 0;
+	if (vim_iswordc(p[0]))
+	    return 2;
+	return 1;
+    }
+    if (enc_dbcs != 0 && p[0] != NUL && p[1] != NUL)
+	return dbcs_class(p[0], p[1]);
+    if (enc_utf8)
+	return utf_class(utf_ptr2char(p));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get class of a double-byte character.  This always returns 3 or bigger.
+ * TODO: Should return 1 for punctuation.
+ */
+    int
+dbcs_class(lead, trail)
+    unsigned	lead;
+    unsigned	trail;
+{
+    switch (enc_dbcs)
+    {
+	/* please add classfy routine for your language in here */
+
+	case DBCS_JPNU:	/* ? */
+	case DBCS_JPN:
+	    {
+		/* JIS code classification */
+		unsigned char lb = lead;
+		unsigned char tb = trail;
+
+		/* convert process code to JIS */
+# if defined(WIN3264) || defined(WIN32UNIX) || defined(MACOS)
+		/* process code is SJIS */
+		if (lb <= 0x9f)
+		    lb = (lb - 0x81) * 2 + 0x21;
+		else
+		    lb = (lb - 0xc1) * 2 + 0x21;
+		if (tb <= 0x7e)
+		    tb -= 0x1f;
+		else if (tb <= 0x9e)
+		    tb -= 0x20;
+		else
+		{
+		    tb -= 0x7e;
+		    lb += 1;
+		}
+# else
+		/*
+		 * XXX: Code page identification can not use with all
+		 *	    system! So, some other encoding information
+		 *	    will be needed.
+		 *	    In japanese: SJIS,EUC,UNICODE,(JIS)
+		 *	    Note that JIS-code system don't use as
+		 *	    process code in most system because it uses
+		 *	    escape sequences(JIS is context depend encoding).
+		 */
+		/* assume process code is JAPANESE-EUC */
+		lb &= 0x7f;
+		tb &= 0x7f;
+# endif
+		/* exceptions */
+		switch (lb << 8 | tb)
+		{
+		    case 0x2121: /* ZENKAKU space */
+			return 0;
+		    case 0x2122: /* KU-TEN (Japanese comma) */
+		    case 0x2123: /* TOU-TEN (Japanese period) */
+		    case 0x2124: /* ZENKAKU comma */
+		    case 0x2125: /* ZENKAKU period */
+			return 1;
+		    case 0x213c: /* prolongedsound handled as KATAKANA */
+			return 13;
+		}
+		/* sieved by KU code */
+		switch (lb)
+		{
+		    case 0x21:
+		    case 0x22:
+			/* special symbols */
+			return 10;
+		    case 0x23:
+			/* alpha-numeric */
+			return 11;
+		    case 0x24:
+			/* hiragana */
+			return 12;
+		    case 0x25:
+			/* katakana */
+			return 13;
+		    case 0x26:
+			/* greek */
+			return 14;
+		    case 0x27:
+			/* russian */
+			return 15;
+		    case 0x28:
+			/* lines */
+			return 16;
+		    default:
+			/* kanji */
+			return 17;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	case DBCS_KORU:	/* ? */
+	case DBCS_KOR:
+	    {
+		/* KS code classification */
+		unsigned char c1 = lead;
+		unsigned char c2 = trail;
+
+		/*
+		 * 20 : Hangul
+		 * 21 : Hanja
+		 * 22 : Symbols
+		 * 23 : Alpha-numeric/Roman Letter (Full width)
+		 * 24 : Hangul Letter(Alphabet)
+		 * 25 : Roman Numeral/Greek Letter
+		 * 26 : Box Drawings
+		 * 27 : Unit Symbols
+		 * 28 : Circled/Parenthesized Letter
+		 * 29 : Hirigana/Katakana
+		 * 30 : Cyrillic Letter
+		 */
+
+		if (c1 >= 0xB0 && c1 <= 0xC8)
+		    /* Hangul */
+		    return 20;
+#if defined(WIN3264) || defined(WIN32UNIX)
+		else if (c1 <= 0xA0 || c2 <= 0xA0)
+		    /* Extended Hangul Region : MS UHC(Unified Hangul Code) */
+		    /* c1: 0x81-0xA0 with c2: 0x41-0x5A, 0x61-0x7A, 0x81-0xFE
+		     * c1: 0xA1-0xC6 with c2: 0x41-0x5A, 0x61-0x7A, 0x81-0xA0
+		     */
+		    return 20;
+#endif
+
+		else if (c1 >= 0xCA && c1 <= 0xFD)
+		    /* Hanja */
+		    return 21;
+		else switch (c1)
+		{
+		    case 0xA1:
+		    case 0xA2:
+			/* Symbols */
+			return 22;
+		    case 0xA3:
+			/* Alpha-numeric */
+			return 23;
+		    case 0xA4:
+			/* Hangul Letter(Alphabet) */
+			return 24;
+		    case 0xA5:
+			/* Roman Numeral/Greek Letter */
+			return 25;
+		    case 0xA6:
+			/* Box Drawings */
+			return 26;
+		    case 0xA7:
+			/* Unit Symbols */
+			return 27;
+		    case 0xA8:
+		    case 0xA9:
+			if (c2 <= 0xAF)
+			    return 25;  /* Roman Letter */
+			else if (c2 >= 0xF6)
+			    return 22;  /* Symbols */
+			else
+			    /* Circled/Parenthesized Letter */
+			    return 28;
+		    case 0xAA:
+		    case 0xAB:
+			/* Hirigana/Katakana */
+			return 29;
+		    case 0xAC:
+			/* Cyrillic Letter */
+			return 30;
+		}
+	    }
+	default:
+	    break;
+    }
+    return 3;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mb_char2len() function pointer.
+ * Return length in bytes of character "c".
+ * Returns 1 for a single-byte character.
+ */
+/* ARGSUSED */
+    int
+latin_char2len(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+    return 1;
+}
+
+    static int
+dbcs_char2len(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+    if (c >= 0x100)
+	return 2;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mb_char2bytes() function pointer.
+ * Convert a character to its bytes.
+ * Returns the length in bytes.
+ */
+    int
+latin_char2bytes(c, buf)
+    int		c;
+    char_u	*buf;
+{
+    buf[0] = c;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+    static int
+dbcs_char2bytes(c, buf)
+    int		c;
+    char_u	*buf;
+{
+    if (c >= 0x100)
+    {
+	buf[0] = (unsigned)c >> 8;
+	buf[1] = c;
+	return 2;
+    }
+    buf[0] = c;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mb_ptr2len_check() function pointer.
+ * Get byte length of character at "*p" but stop at a NUL.
+ * For UTF-8 this includes following composing characters.
+ * Returns 0 when *p is NUL.
+ *
+ */
+    int
+latin_ptr2len_check(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    return MB_BYTE2LEN(*p);
+}
+
+    static int
+dbcs_ptr2len_check(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    int		len;
+
+    /* Check if second byte is not missing. */
+    len = MB_BYTE2LEN(*p);
+    if (len == 2 && p[1] == NUL)
+	len = 1;
+    return len;
+}
+
+struct interval
+{
+    unsigned short first;
+    unsigned short last;
+};
+static int intable __ARGS((struct interval *table, size_t size, int c));
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if "c" is in "table[size / sizeof(struct interval)]".
+ */
+    static int
+intable(table, size, c)
+    struct interval	*table;
+    size_t		size;
+    int			c;
+{
+    int mid, bot, top;
+
+    /* first quick check for Latin1 etc. characters */
+    if (c < table[0].first)
+	return FALSE;
+
+    /* binary search in table */
+    bot = 0;
+    top = size / sizeof(struct interval) - 1;
+    while (top >= bot)
+    {
+	mid = (bot + top) / 2;
+	if (table[mid].last < c)
+	    bot = mid + 1;
+	else if (table[mid].first > c)
+	    top = mid - 1;
+	else
+	    return TRUE;
+    }
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * For UTF-8 character "c" return 2 for a double-width character, 1 for others.
+ * Returns 4 or 6 for an unprintable character.
+ * Is only correct for characters >= 0x80.
+ * When p_ambw is "double", return 2 for a character with East Asian Width
+ * class 'A'(mbiguous).
+ */
+    int
+utf_char2cells(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+    /* sorted list of non-overlapping intervals of East Asian Ambiguous
+     * characters, generated with:
+     * "uniset +WIDTH-A -cat=Me -cat=Mn -cat=Cf c" */
+    static struct interval ambiguous[] = {
+	{0x00A1, 0x00A1}, {0x00A4, 0x00A4}, {0x00A7, 0x00A8},
+	{0x00AA, 0x00AA}, {0x00AE, 0x00AE}, {0x00B0, 0x00B4},
+	{0x00B6, 0x00BA}, {0x00BC, 0x00BF}, {0x00C6, 0x00C6},
+	{0x00D0, 0x00D0}, {0x00D7, 0x00D8}, {0x00DE, 0x00E1},
+	{0x00E6, 0x00E6}, {0x00E8, 0x00EA}, {0x00EC, 0x00ED},
+	{0x00F0, 0x00F0}, {0x00F2, 0x00F3}, {0x00F7, 0x00FA},
+	{0x00FC, 0x00FC}, {0x00FE, 0x00FE}, {0x0101, 0x0101},
+	{0x0111, 0x0111}, {0x0113, 0x0113}, {0x011B, 0x011B},
+	{0x0126, 0x0127}, {0x012B, 0x012B}, {0x0131, 0x0133},
+	{0x0138, 0x0138}, {0x013F, 0x0142}, {0x0144, 0x0144},
+	{0x0148, 0x014B}, {0x014D, 0x014D}, {0x0152, 0x0153},
+	{0x0166, 0x0167}, {0x016B, 0x016B}, {0x01CE, 0x01CE},
+	{0x01D0, 0x01D0}, {0x01D2, 0x01D2}, {0x01D4, 0x01D4},
+	{0x01D6, 0x01D6}, {0x01D8, 0x01D8}, {0x01DA, 0x01DA},
+	{0x01DC, 0x01DC}, {0x0251, 0x0251}, {0x0261, 0x0261},
+	{0x02C4, 0x02C4}, {0x02C7, 0x02C7}, {0x02C9, 0x02CB},
+	{0x02CD, 0x02CD}, {0x02D0, 0x02D0}, {0x02D8, 0x02DB},
+	{0x02DD, 0x02DD}, {0x02DF, 0x02DF}, {0x0391, 0x03A1},
+	{0x03A3, 0x03A9}, {0x03B1, 0x03C1}, {0x03C3, 0x03C9},
+	{0x0401, 0x0401}, {0x0410, 0x044F}, {0x0451, 0x0451},
+	{0x2010, 0x2010}, {0x2013, 0x2016}, {0x2018, 0x2019},
+	{0x201C, 0x201D}, {0x2020, 0x2022}, {0x2024, 0x2027},
+	{0x2030, 0x2030}, {0x2032, 0x2033}, {0x2035, 0x2035},
+	{0x203B, 0x203B}, {0x203E, 0x203E}, {0x2074, 0x2074},
+	{0x207F, 0x207F}, {0x2081, 0x2084}, {0x20AC, 0x20AC},
+	{0x2103, 0x2103}, {0x2105, 0x2105}, {0x2109, 0x2109},
+	{0x2113, 0x2113}, {0x2116, 0x2116}, {0x2121, 0x2122},
+	{0x2126, 0x2126}, {0x212B, 0x212B}, {0x2153, 0x2154},
+	{0x215B, 0x215E}, {0x2160, 0x216B}, {0x2170, 0x2179},
+	{0x2190, 0x2199}, {0x21B8, 0x21B9}, {0x21D2, 0x21D2},
+	{0x21D4, 0x21D4}, {0x21E7, 0x21E7}, {0x2200, 0x2200},
+	{0x2202, 0x2203}, {0x2207, 0x2208}, {0x220B, 0x220B},
+	{0x220F, 0x220F}, {0x2211, 0x2211}, {0x2215, 0x2215},
+	{0x221A, 0x221A}, {0x221D, 0x2220}, {0x2223, 0x2223},
+	{0x2225, 0x2225}, {0x2227, 0x222C}, {0x222E, 0x222E},
+	{0x2234, 0x2237}, {0x223C, 0x223D}, {0x2248, 0x2248},
+	{0x224C, 0x224C}, {0x2252, 0x2252}, {0x2260, 0x2261},
+	{0x2264, 0x2267}, {0x226A, 0x226B}, {0x226E, 0x226F},
+	{0x2282, 0x2283}, {0x2286, 0x2287}, {0x2295, 0x2295},
+	{0x2299, 0x2299}, {0x22A5, 0x22A5}, {0x22BF, 0x22BF},
+	{0x2312, 0x2312}, {0x2460, 0x24E9}, {0x24EB, 0x254B},
+	{0x2550, 0x2573}, {0x2580, 0x258F}, {0x2592, 0x2595},
+	{0x25A0, 0x25A1}, {0x25A3, 0x25A9}, {0x25B2, 0x25B3},
+	{0x25B6, 0x25B7}, {0x25BC, 0x25BD}, {0x25C0, 0x25C1},
+	{0x25C6, 0x25C8}, {0x25CB, 0x25CB}, {0x25CE, 0x25D1},
+	{0x25E2, 0x25E5}, {0x25EF, 0x25EF}, {0x2605, 0x2606},
+	{0x2609, 0x2609}, {0x260E, 0x260F}, {0x2614, 0x2615},
+	{0x261C, 0x261C}, {0x261E, 0x261E}, {0x2640, 0x2640},
+	{0x2642, 0x2642}, {0x2660, 0x2661}, {0x2663, 0x2665},
+	{0x2667, 0x266A}, {0x266C, 0x266D}, {0x266F, 0x266F},
+	{0x273D, 0x273D}, {0x2776, 0x277F}, {0xE000, 0xF8FF},
+	{0xFFFD, 0xFFFD}, /* {0xF0000, 0xFFFFD}, {0x100000, 0x10FFFD} */
+    };
+
+    if (c >= 0x100)
+    {
+#ifdef USE_WCHAR_FUNCTIONS
+	/*
+	 * Assume the library function wcwidth() works better than our own
+	 * stuff.  It should return 1 for ambiguous width chars!
+	 */
+	int	n = wcwidth(c);
+
+	if (n < 0)
+	    return 6;		/* unprintable, displays <xxxx> */
+	if (n > 1)
+	    return n;
+#else
+	if (!utf_printable(c))
+	    return 6;		/* unprintable, displays <xxxx> */
+	if (c >= 0x1100
+	    && (c <= 0x115f			/* Hangul Jamo */
+		|| c == 0x2329
+		|| c == 0x232a
+		|| (c >= 0x2e80 && c <= 0xa4cf
+		    && c != 0x303f)		/* CJK ... Yi */
+		|| (c >= 0xac00 && c <= 0xd7a3)	/* Hangul Syllables */
+		|| (c >= 0xf900 && c <= 0xfaff)	/* CJK Compatibility
+						   Ideographs */
+		|| (c >= 0xfe30 && c <= 0xfe6f)	/* CJK Compatibility Forms */
+		|| (c >= 0xff00 && c <= 0xff60)	/* Fullwidth Forms */
+		|| (c >= 0xffe0 && c <= 0xffe6)
+		|| (c >= 0x20000 && c <= 0x2fffd)
+		|| (c >= 0x30000 && c <= 0x3fffd)))
+	    return 2;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    /* Characters below 0x100 are influenced by 'isprint' option */
+    else if (c >= 0x80 && !vim_isprintc(c))
+	return 4;		/* unprintable, displays <xx> */
+
+    if (c >= 0x80 && *p_ambw == 'd' && intable(ambiguous, sizeof(ambiguous), c))
+	return 2;
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mb_ptr2cells() function pointer.
+ * Return the number of display cells character at "*p" occupies.
+ * This doesn't take care of unprintable characters, use ptr2cells() for that.
+ */
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    int
+latin_ptr2cells(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    return 1;
+}
+
+    int
+utf_ptr2cells(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    int		c;
+
+    /* Need to convert to a wide character. */
+    if (*p >= 0x80)
+    {
+	c = utf_ptr2char(p);
+	/* An illegal byte is displayed as <xx>. */
+	if (utf_ptr2len_check(p) == 1 || c == NUL)
+	    return 4;
+	/* If the char is ASCII it must be an overlong sequence. */
+	if (c < 0x80)
+	    return char2cells(c);
+	return utf_char2cells(c);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+    int
+dbcs_ptr2cells(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    /* Number of cells is equal to number of bytes, except for euc-jp when
+     * the first byte is 0x8e. */
+    if (enc_dbcs == DBCS_JPNU && *p == 0x8e)
+	return 1;
+    return MB_BYTE2LEN(*p);
+}
+
+/*
+ * mb_char2cells() function pointer.
+ * Return the number of display cells character "c" occupies.
+ * Only takes care of multi-byte chars, not "^C" and such.
+ */
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    int
+latin_char2cells(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+    return 1;
+}
+
+    static int
+dbcs_char2cells(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+    /* Number of cells is equal to number of bytes, except for euc-jp when
+     * the first byte is 0x8e. */
+    if (enc_dbcs == DBCS_JPNU && ((unsigned)c >> 8) == 0x8e)
+	return 1;
+    /* use the first byte */
+    return MB_BYTE2LEN((unsigned)c >> 8);
+}
+
+/*
+ * mb_off2cells() function pointer.
+ * Return number of display cells for char at ScreenLines[off].
+ * Caller must make sure "off" and "off + 1" are valid!
+ */
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    int
+latin_off2cells(off)
+    unsigned	off;
+{
+    return 1;
+}
+
+    int
+dbcs_off2cells(off)
+    unsigned	off;
+{
+    /* Number of cells is equal to number of bytes, except for euc-jp when
+     * the first byte is 0x8e. */
+    if (enc_dbcs == DBCS_JPNU && ScreenLines[off] == 0x8e)
+	return 1;
+    return MB_BYTE2LEN(ScreenLines[off]);
+}
+
+    int
+utf_off2cells(off)
+    unsigned	off;
+{
+    return ScreenLines[off + 1] == 0 ? 2 : 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mb_ptr2char() function pointer.
+ * Convert a byte sequence into a character.
+ */
+    int
+latin_ptr2char(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    return *p;
+}
+
+    static int
+dbcs_ptr2char(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    if (MB_BYTE2LEN(*p) > 1 && p[1] != NUL)
+	return (p[0] << 8) + p[1];
+    return *p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert a UTF-8 byte sequence to a wide character.
+ * If the sequence is illegal or truncated by a NUL the first byte is
+ * returned.
+ * Does not include composing characters, of course.
+ */
+    int
+utf_ptr2char(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    int		len;
+
+    if (p[0] < 0x80)	/* be quick for ASCII */
+	return p[0];
+
+    len = utf8len_tab[p[0]];
+    if ((p[1] & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+    {
+	if (len == 2)
+	    return ((p[0] & 0x1f) << 6) + (p[1] & 0x3f);
+	if ((p[2] & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+	{
+	    if (len == 3)
+		return ((p[0] & 0x0f) << 12) + ((p[1] & 0x3f) << 6)
+		    + (p[2] & 0x3f);
+	    if ((p[3] & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+	    {
+		if (len == 4)
+		    return ((p[0] & 0x07) << 18) + ((p[1] & 0x3f) << 12)
+			+ ((p[2] & 0x3f) << 6) + (p[3] & 0x3f);
+		if ((p[4] & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+		{
+		    if (len == 5)
+			return ((p[0] & 0x03) << 24) + ((p[1] & 0x3f) << 18)
+			    + ((p[2] & 0x3f) << 12) + ((p[3] & 0x3f) << 6)
+			    + (p[4] & 0x3f);
+		    if ((p[5] & 0xc0) == 0x80 && len == 6)
+			return ((p[0] & 0x01) << 30) + ((p[1] & 0x3f) << 24)
+			    + ((p[2] & 0x3f) << 18) + ((p[3] & 0x3f) << 12)
+			    + ((p[4] & 0x3f) << 6) + (p[5] & 0x3f);
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    /* Illegal value, just return the first byte */
+    return p[0];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get character at **pp and advance *pp to the next character.
+ * Note: composing characters are skipped!
+ */
+    int
+mb_ptr2char_adv(pp)
+    char_u	**pp;
+{
+    int		c;
+
+    c = (*mb_ptr2char)(*pp);
+    *pp += (*mb_ptr2len_check)(*pp);
+    return c;
+}
+
+#if defined(FEAT_ARABIC) || defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Check whether we are dealing with Arabic combining characters.
+ * Note: these are NOT really composing characters!
+ */
+    int
+arabic_combine(one, two)
+    int		one;	    /* first character */
+    int		two;	    /* character just after "one" */
+{
+    if (one == a_LAM)
+	return arabic_maycombine(two);
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether we are dealing with a character that could be regarded as an
+ * Arabic combining character, need to check the character before this.
+ */
+    int
+arabic_maycombine(two)
+    int		two;
+{
+    if (p_arshape && !p_tbidi)
+	return (two == a_ALEF_MADDA
+		    || two == a_ALEF_HAMZA_ABOVE
+		    || two == a_ALEF_HAMZA_BELOW
+		    || two == a_ALEF);
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if the character pointed to by "p2" is a composing character when it
+ * comes after "p1".  For Arabic sometimes "ab" is replaced with "c", which
+ * behaves like a composing character.
+ */
+    int
+utf_composinglike(p1, p2)
+    char_u	*p1;
+    char_u	*p2;
+{
+    int		c2;
+
+    c2 = utf_ptr2char(p2);
+    if (utf_iscomposing(c2))
+	return TRUE;
+    if (!arabic_maycombine(c2))
+	return FALSE;
+    return arabic_combine(utf_ptr2char(p1), c2);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Convert a UTF-8 byte string to a wide chararacter.  Also get up to two
+ * composing characters.
+ */
+    int
+utfc_ptr2char(p, p1, p2)
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		*p1;	/* return: first composing char or 0 */
+    int		*p2;	/* return: second composing char or 0 */
+{
+    int		len;
+    int		c;
+    int		cc;
+
+    c = utf_ptr2char(p);
+    len = utf_ptr2len_check(p);
+    /* Only accept a composing char when the first char isn't illegal. */
+    if ((len > 1 || *p < 0x80)
+	    && p[len] >= 0x80
+	    && UTF_COMPOSINGLIKE(p, p + len))
+    {
+	*p1 = utf_ptr2char(p + len);
+	len += utf_ptr2len_check(p + len);
+	if (p[len] >= 0x80 && utf_iscomposing(cc = utf_ptr2char(p + len)))
+	    *p2 = cc;
+	else
+	    *p2 = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	*p1 = 0;
+	*p2 = 0;
+    }
+    return c;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert a UTF-8 byte string to a wide chararacter.  Also get up to two
+ * composing characters.  Use no more than p[maxlen].
+ */
+    int
+utfc_ptr2char_len(p, p1, p2, maxlen)
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		*p1;	/* return: first composing char or 0 */
+    int		*p2;	/* return: second composing char or 0 */
+    int		maxlen;
+{
+    int		len;
+    int		c;
+    int		cc;
+
+    c = utf_ptr2char(p);
+    len = utf_ptr2len_check_len(p, maxlen);
+    /* Only accept a composing char when the first char isn't illegal. */
+    if ((len > 1 || *p < 0x80)
+	    && len < maxlen
+	    && p[len] >= 0x80
+	    && UTF_COMPOSINGLIKE(p, p + len))
+    {
+	*p1 = utf_ptr2char(p + len);
+	len += utf_ptr2len_check_len(p + len, maxlen - len);
+	if (len < maxlen
+		&& p[len] >= 0x80
+		&& utf_iscomposing(cc = utf_ptr2char(p + len)))
+	    *p2 = cc;
+	else
+	    *p2 = 0;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	*p1 = 0;
+	*p2 = 0;
+    }
+    return c;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert the character at screen position "off" to a sequence of bytes.
+ * Includes the composing characters.
+ * "buf" must at least have the length MB_MAXBYTES.
+ * Returns the produced number of bytes.
+ */
+    int
+utfc_char2bytes(off, buf)
+    int		off;
+    char_u	*buf;
+{
+    int		len;
+
+    len = utf_char2bytes(ScreenLinesUC[off], buf);
+    if (ScreenLinesC1[off] != 0)
+    {
+	len += utf_char2bytes(ScreenLinesC1[off], buf + len);
+	if (ScreenLinesC2[off] != 0)
+	    len += utf_char2bytes(ScreenLinesC2[off], buf + len);
+    }
+    return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the length of a UTF-8 byte sequence, not including any following
+ * composing characters.
+ * Returns 0 for "".
+ * Returns 1 for an illegal byte sequence.
+ */
+    int
+utf_ptr2len_check(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    int		len;
+    int		i;
+
+    if (*p == NUL)
+	return 0;
+    len = utf8len_tab[*p];
+    for (i = 1; i < len; ++i)
+	if ((p[i] & 0xc0) != 0x80)
+	    return 1;
+    return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return length of UTF-8 character, obtained from the first byte.
+ * "b" must be between 0 and 255!
+ */
+    int
+utf_byte2len(b)
+    int		b;
+{
+    return utf8len_tab[b];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the length of UTF-8 byte sequence "p[size]".  Does not include any
+ * following composing characters.
+ * Returns 1 for "".
+ * Returns 1 for an illegal byte sequence.
+ * Returns number > "size" for an incomplete byte sequence.
+ */
+    int
+utf_ptr2len_check_len(p, size)
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		size;
+{
+    int		len;
+    int		i;
+
+    if (*p == NUL)
+	return 1;
+    len = utf8len_tab[*p];
+    if (len > size)
+	return len;	/* incomplete byte sequence. */
+    for (i = 1; i < len; ++i)
+	if ((p[i] & 0xc0) != 0x80)
+	    return 1;
+    return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the number of bytes the UTF-8 encoding of the character at "p" takes.
+ * This includes following composing characters.
+ */
+    int
+utfc_ptr2len_check(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    int		len;
+#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
+    int		prevlen;
+#endif
+
+    if (*p == NUL)
+	return 0;
+    if (p[0] < 0x80 && p[1] < 0x80)	/* be quick for ASCII */
+	return 1;
+
+    /* Skip over first UTF-8 char, stopping at a NUL byte. */
+    len = utf_ptr2len_check(p);
+
+    /* Check for illegal byte. */
+    if (len == 1 && p[0] >= 0x80)
+	return 1;
+
+    /*
+     * Check for composing characters.  We can handle only the first two, but
+     * skip all of them (otherwise the cursor would get stuck).
+     */
+#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
+    prevlen = 0;
+#endif
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	if (p[len] < 0x80 || !UTF_COMPOSINGLIKE(p + prevlen, p + len))
+	    return len;
+
+	/* Skip over composing char */
+#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
+	prevlen = len;
+#endif
+	len += utf_ptr2len_check(p + len);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the number of bytes the UTF-8 encoding of the character at "p[size]"
+ * takes.  This includes following composing characters.
+ * Returns 1 for an illegal char or an incomplete byte sequence.
+ */
+    int
+utfc_ptr2len_check_len(p, size)
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		size;
+{
+    int		len;
+#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
+    int		prevlen;
+#endif
+
+    if (*p == NUL)
+	return 0;
+    if (p[0] < 0x80 && (size == 1 || p[1] < 0x80)) /* be quick for ASCII */
+	return 1;
+
+    /* Skip over first UTF-8 char, stopping at a NUL byte. */
+    len = utf_ptr2len_check_len(p, size);
+
+    /* Check for illegal byte and incomplete byte sequence. */
+    if ((len == 1 && p[0] >= 0x80) || len > size)
+	return 1;
+
+    /*
+     * Check for composing characters.  We can handle only the first two, but
+     * skip all of them (otherwise the cursor would get stuck).
+     */
+#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
+    prevlen = 0;
+#endif
+    while (len < size)
+    {
+	if (p[len] < 0x80 || !UTF_COMPOSINGLIKE(p + prevlen, p + len))
+	    break;
+
+	/* Skip over composing char */
+#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
+	prevlen = len;
+#endif
+	len += utf_ptr2len_check_len(p + len, size - len);
+    }
+    return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the number of bytes the UTF-8 encoding of character "c" takes.
+ * This does not include composing characters.
+ */
+    int
+utf_char2len(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+    if (c < 0x80)
+	return 1;
+    if (c < 0x800)
+	return 2;
+    if (c < 0x10000)
+	return 3;
+    if (c < 0x200000)
+	return 4;
+    if (c < 0x4000000)
+	return 5;
+    return 6;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert Unicode character "c" to UTF-8 string in "buf[]".
+ * Returns the number of bytes.
+ * This does not include composing characters.
+ */
+    int
+utf_char2bytes(c, buf)
+    int		c;
+    char_u	*buf;
+{
+    if (c < 0x80)		/* 7 bits */
+    {
+	buf[0] = c;
+	return 1;
+    }
+    if (c < 0x800)		/* 11 bits */
+    {
+	buf[0] = 0xc0 + ((unsigned)c >> 6);
+	buf[1] = 0x80 + (c & 0x3f);
+	return 2;
+    }
+    if (c < 0x10000)		/* 16 bits */
+    {
+	buf[0] = 0xe0 + ((unsigned)c >> 12);
+	buf[1] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 6) & 0x3f);
+	buf[2] = 0x80 + (c & 0x3f);
+	return 3;
+    }
+    if (c < 0x200000)		/* 21 bits */
+    {
+	buf[0] = 0xf0 + ((unsigned)c >> 18);
+	buf[1] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 12) & 0x3f);
+	buf[2] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 6) & 0x3f);
+	buf[3] = 0x80 + (c & 0x3f);
+	return 4;
+    }
+    if (c < 0x4000000)		/* 26 bits */
+    {
+	buf[0] = 0xf8 + ((unsigned)c >> 24);
+	buf[1] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 18) & 0x3f);
+	buf[2] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 12) & 0x3f);
+	buf[3] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 6) & 0x3f);
+	buf[4] = 0x80 + (c & 0x3f);
+	return 5;
+    }
+				/* 31 bits */
+    buf[0] = 0xfc + ((unsigned)c >> 30);
+    buf[1] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 24) & 0x3f);
+    buf[2] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 18) & 0x3f);
+    buf[3] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 12) & 0x3f);
+    buf[4] = 0x80 + (((unsigned)c >> 6) & 0x3f);
+    buf[5] = 0x80 + (c & 0x3f);
+    return 6;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if "c" is a composing UTF-8 character.  This means it will be
+ * drawn on top of the preceding character.
+ * Based on code from Markus Kuhn.
+ */
+    int
+utf_iscomposing(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+    /* sorted list of non-overlapping intervals */
+    static struct interval combining[] =
+    {
+	{0x0300, 0x034f}, {0x0360, 0x036f}, {0x0483, 0x0486}, {0x0488, 0x0489},
+	{0x0591, 0x05a1}, {0x05a3, 0x05b9}, {0x05bb, 0x05bd}, {0x05bf, 0x05bf},
+	{0x05c1, 0x05c2}, {0x05c4, 0x05c4}, {0x0610, 0x0615}, {0x064b, 0x0658},
+	{0x0670, 0x0670}, {0x06d6, 0x06dc}, {0x06de, 0x06e4}, {0x06e7, 0x06e8},
+	{0x06ea, 0x06ed}, {0x0711, 0x0711}, {0x0730, 0x074a}, {0x07a6, 0x07b0},
+	{0x0901, 0x0903}, {0x093c, 0x093c}, {0x093e, 0x094d}, {0x0951, 0x0954},
+	{0x0962, 0x0963}, {0x0981, 0x0983}, {0x09bc, 0x09bc}, {0x09be, 0x09c4},
+	{0x09c7, 0x09c8}, {0x09cb, 0x09cd}, {0x09d7, 0x09d7}, {0x09e2, 0x09e3},
+	{0x0a01, 0x0a03}, {0x0a3c, 0x0a3c}, {0x0a3e, 0x0a42}, {0x0a47, 0x0a48},
+	{0x0a4b, 0x0a4d}, {0x0a70, 0x0a71}, {0x0a81, 0x0a83}, {0x0abc, 0x0abc},
+	{0x0abe, 0x0ac5}, {0x0ac7, 0x0ac9}, {0x0acb, 0x0acd}, {0x0ae2, 0x0ae3},
+	{0x0b01, 0x0b03}, {0x0b3c, 0x0b3c}, {0x0b3e, 0x0b43}, {0x0b47, 0x0b48},
+	{0x0b4b, 0x0b4d}, {0x0b56, 0x0b57}, {0x0b82, 0x0b82}, {0x0bbe, 0x0bc2},
+	{0x0bc6, 0x0bc8}, {0x0bca, 0x0bcd}, {0x0bd7, 0x0bd7}, {0x0c01, 0x0c03},
+	{0x0c3e, 0x0c44}, {0x0c46, 0x0c48}, {0x0c4a, 0x0c4d}, {0x0c55, 0x0c56},
+	{0x0c82, 0x0c83}, {0x0cbc, 0x0cbc}, {0x0cbe, 0x0cc4}, {0x0cc6, 0x0cc8},
+	{0x0cca, 0x0ccd}, {0x0cd5, 0x0cd6}, {0x0d02, 0x0d03}, {0x0d3e, 0x0d43},
+	{0x0d46, 0x0d48}, {0x0d4a, 0x0d4d}, {0x0d57, 0x0d57}, {0x0d82, 0x0d83},
+	{0x0dca, 0x0dca}, {0x0dcf, 0x0dd4}, {0x0dd6, 0x0dd6}, {0x0dd8, 0x0ddf},
+	{0x0df2, 0x0df3}, {0x0e31, 0x0e31}, {0x0e34, 0x0e3a}, {0x0e47, 0x0e4e},
+	{0x0eb1, 0x0eb1}, {0x0eb4, 0x0eb9}, {0x0ebb, 0x0ebc}, {0x0ec8, 0x0ecd},
+	{0x0f18, 0x0f19}, {0x0f35, 0x0f35}, {0x0f37, 0x0f37}, {0x0f39, 0x0f39},
+	{0x0f3e, 0x0f3f}, {0x0f71, 0x0f84}, {0x0f86, 0x0f87}, {0x0f90, 0x0f97},
+	{0x0f99, 0x0fbc}, {0x0fc6, 0x0fc6}, {0x102c, 0x1032}, {0x1036, 0x1039},
+	{0x1056, 0x1059}, {0x1712, 0x1714}, {0x1732, 0x1734}, {0x1752, 0x1753},
+	{0x1772, 0x1773}, {0x17b6, 0x17d3}, {0x17dd, 0x17dd}, {0x180b, 0x180d},
+	{0x18a9, 0x18a9}, {0x1920, 0x192b}, {0x1930, 0x193b}, {0x20d0, 0x20ea},
+	{0x302a, 0x302f}, {0x3099, 0x309a}, {0xfb1e, 0xfb1e}, {0xfe00, 0xfe0f},
+	{0xfe20, 0xfe23},
+    };
+
+    return intable(combining, sizeof(combining), c);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE for characters that can be displayed in a normal way.
+ * Only for characters of 0x100 and above!
+ */
+    int
+utf_printable(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+#ifdef USE_WCHAR_FUNCTIONS
+    /*
+     * Assume the iswprint() library function works better than our own stuff.
+     */
+    return iswprint(c);
+#else
+    /* Sorted list of non-overlapping intervals.
+     * 0xd800-0xdfff is reserved for UTF-16, actually illegal. */
+    static struct interval nonprint[] =
+    {
+	{0x070f, 0x070f}, {0x180b, 0x180e}, {0x200b, 0x200f}, {0x202a, 0x202e},
+	{0x206a, 0x206f}, {0xd800, 0xdfff}, {0xfeff, 0xfeff}, {0xfff9, 0xfffb},
+	{0xfffe, 0xffff}
+    };
+
+    return !intable(nonprint, sizeof(nonprint), c);
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get class of a Unicode character.
+ * 0: white space
+ * 1: punctuation
+ * 2 or bigger: some class of word character.
+ */
+    int
+utf_class(c)
+    int		c;
+{
+    /* sorted list of non-overlapping intervals */
+    static struct clinterval
+    {
+	unsigned short first;
+	unsigned short last;
+	unsigned short class;
+    } classes[] =
+    {
+	{0x037e, 0x037e, 1},		/* Greek question mark */
+	{0x0387, 0x0387, 1},		/* Greek ano teleia */
+	{0x055a, 0x055f, 1},		/* Armenian punctuation */
+	{0x0589, 0x0589, 1},		/* Armenian full stop */
+	{0x05be, 0x05be, 1},
+	{0x05c0, 0x05c0, 1},
+	{0x05c3, 0x05c3, 1},
+	{0x05f3, 0x05f4, 1},
+	{0x060c, 0x060c, 1},
+	{0x061b, 0x061b, 1},
+	{0x061f, 0x061f, 1},
+	{0x066a, 0x066d, 1},
+	{0x06d4, 0x06d4, 1},
+	{0x0700, 0x070d, 1},		/* Syriac punctuation */
+	{0x0964, 0x0965, 1},
+	{0x0970, 0x0970, 1},
+	{0x0df4, 0x0df4, 1},
+	{0x0e4f, 0x0e4f, 1},
+	{0x0e5a, 0x0e5b, 1},
+	{0x0f04, 0x0f12, 1},
+	{0x0f3a, 0x0f3d, 1},
+	{0x0f85, 0x0f85, 1},
+	{0x104a, 0x104f, 1},		/* Myanmar punctuation */
+	{0x10fb, 0x10fb, 1},		/* Georgian punctuation */
+	{0x1361, 0x1368, 1},		/* Ethiopic punctuation */
+	{0x166d, 0x166e, 1},		/* Canadian Syl. punctuation */
+	{0x1680, 0x1680, 0},
+	{0x169b, 0x169c, 1},
+	{0x16eb, 0x16ed, 1},
+	{0x1735, 0x1736, 1},
+	{0x17d4, 0x17dc, 1},		/* Khmer punctuation */
+	{0x1800, 0x180a, 1},		/* Mongolian punctuation */
+	{0x2000, 0x200b, 0},		/* spaces */
+	{0x200c, 0x2027, 1},		/* punctuation and symbols */
+	{0x2028, 0x2029, 0},
+	{0x202a, 0x202e, 1},		/* punctuation and symbols */
+	{0x202f, 0x202f, 0},
+	{0x2030, 0x205e, 1},		/* punctuation and symbols */
+	{0x205f, 0x205f, 0},
+	{0x2060, 0x27ff, 1},		/* punctuation and symbols */
+	{0x2070, 0x207f, 0x2070},	/* superscript */
+	{0x2080, 0x208f, 0x2080},	/* subscript */
+	{0x2983, 0x2998, 1},
+	{0x29d8, 0x29db, 1},
+	{0x29fc, 0x29fd, 1},
+	{0x3000, 0x3000, 0},		/* ideographic space */
+	{0x3001, 0x3020, 1},		/* ideographic punctuation */
+	{0x3030, 0x3030, 1},
+	{0x303d, 0x303d, 1},
+	{0x3040, 0x309f, 0x3040},	/* Hiragana */
+	{0x30a0, 0x30ff, 0x30a0},	/* Katakana */
+	{0x3300, 0x9fff, 0x4e00},	/* CJK Ideographs */
+	{0xac00, 0xd7a3, 0xac00},	/* Hangul Syllables */
+	{0xf900, 0xfaff, 0x4e00},	/* CJK Ideographs */
+	{0xfd3e, 0xfd3f, 1},
+	{0xfe30, 0xfe6b, 1},		/* punctuation forms */
+	{0xff00, 0xff0f, 1},		/* half/fullwidth ASCII */
+	{0xff1a, 0xff20, 1},		/* half/fullwidth ASCII */
+	{0xff3b, 0xff40, 1},		/* half/fullwidth ASCII */
+	{0xff5b, 0xff65, 1},		/* half/fullwidth ASCII */
+    };
+    int bot = 0;
+    int top = sizeof(classes) / sizeof(struct clinterval) - 1;
+    int mid;
+
+    /* First quick check for Latin1 characters, use 'iskeyword'. */
+    if (c < 0x100)
+    {
+	if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == NUL)
+	    return 0;	    /* blank */
+	if (vim_iswordc(c))
+	    return 2;	    /* word character */
+	return 1;	    /* punctuation */
+    }
+
+    /* binary search in table */
+    while (top >= bot)
+    {
+	mid = (bot + top) / 2;
+	if (classes[mid].last < c)
+	    bot = mid + 1;
+	else if (classes[mid].first > c)
+	    top = mid - 1;
+	else
+	    return (int)classes[mid].class;
+    }
+
+    /* most other characters are "word" characters */
+    return 2;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Code for Unicode case-dependent operations.  Based on notes in
+ * http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/CaseFolding.txt
+ * This code uses simple case folding, not full case folding.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The following table is built by foldExtract.pl < CaseFolding.txt .
+ * It must be in numeric order, because we use binary search on it.
+ * An entry such as {0x41,0x5a,1,32} means that UCS-4 characters in the range
+ * from 0x41 to 0x5a inclusive, stepping by 1, are folded by adding 32.
+ */
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    int rangeStart;
+    int rangeEnd;
+    int step;
+    int offset;
+} convertStruct;
+
+convertStruct foldCase[] =
+{
+	{0x41,0x5a,1,32}, {0xc0,0xd6,1,32}, {0xd8,0xde,1,32},
+	{0x100,0x12e,2,1}, {0x130,0x130,-1,-199}, {0x132,0x136,2,1},
+	{0x139,0x147,2,1}, {0x14a,0x176,2,1}, {0x178,0x178,-1,-121},
+	{0x179,0x17d,2,1}, {0x181,0x181,-1,210}, {0x182,0x184,2,1},
+	{0x186,0x186,-1,206}, {0x187,0x187,-1,1}, {0x189,0x18a,1,205},
+	{0x18b,0x18b,-1,1}, {0x18e,0x18e,-1,79}, {0x18f,0x18f,-1,202},
+	{0x190,0x190,-1,203}, {0x191,0x191,-1,1}, {0x193,0x193,-1,205},
+	{0x194,0x194,-1,207}, {0x196,0x196,-1,211}, {0x197,0x197,-1,209},
+	{0x198,0x198,-1,1}, {0x19c,0x19c,-1,211}, {0x19d,0x19d,-1,213},
+	{0x19f,0x19f,-1,214}, {0x1a0,0x1a4,2,1}, {0x1a6,0x1a6,-1,218},
+	{0x1a7,0x1a7,-1,1}, {0x1a9,0x1a9,-1,218}, {0x1ac,0x1ac,-1,1},
+	{0x1ae,0x1ae,-1,218}, {0x1af,0x1af,-1,1}, {0x1b1,0x1b2,1,217},
+	{0x1b3,0x1b5,2,1}, {0x1b7,0x1b7,-1,219}, {0x1b8,0x1bc,4,1},
+	{0x1c4,0x1c4,-1,2}, {0x1c5,0x1c5,-1,1}, {0x1c7,0x1c7,-1,2},
+	{0x1c8,0x1c8,-1,1}, {0x1ca,0x1ca,-1,2}, {0x1cb,0x1db,2,1},
+	{0x1de,0x1ee,2,1}, {0x1f1,0x1f1,-1,2}, {0x1f2,0x1f4,2,1},
+	{0x1f6,0x1f6,-1,-97}, {0x1f7,0x1f7,-1,-56}, {0x1f8,0x21e,2,1},
+	{0x220,0x220,-1,-130}, {0x222,0x232,2,1}, {0x386,0x386,-1,38},
+	{0x388,0x38a,1,37}, {0x38c,0x38c,-1,64}, {0x38e,0x38f,1,63},
+	{0x391,0x3a1,1,32}, {0x3a3,0x3ab,1,32}, {0x3d8,0x3ee,2,1},
+	{0x3f4,0x3f4,-1,-60}, {0x3f7,0x3f7,-1,1}, {0x3f9,0x3f9,-1,-7},
+	{0x3fa,0x3fa,-1,1}, {0x400,0x40f,1,80}, {0x410,0x42f,1,32},
+	{0x460,0x480,2,1}, {0x48a,0x4be,2,1}, {0x4c1,0x4cd,2,1},
+	{0x4d0,0x4f4,2,1}, {0x4f8,0x500,8,1}, {0x502,0x50e,2,1},
+	{0x531,0x556,1,48}, {0x1e00,0x1e94,2,1}, {0x1ea0,0x1ef8,2,1},
+	{0x1f08,0x1f0f,1,-8}, {0x1f18,0x1f1d,1,-8}, {0x1f28,0x1f2f,1,-8},
+	{0x1f38,0x1f3f,1,-8}, {0x1f48,0x1f4d,1,-8}, {0x1f59,0x1f5f,2,-8},
+	{0x1f68,0x1f6f,1,-8}, {0x1f88,0x1f8f,1,-8}, {0x1f98,0x1f9f,1,-8},
+	{0x1fa8,0x1faf,1,-8}, {0x1fb8,0x1fb9,1,-8}, {0x1fba,0x1fbb,1,-74},
+	{0x1fbc,0x1fbc,-1,-9}, {0x1fc8,0x1fcb,1,-86}, {0x1fcc,0x1fcc,-1,-9},
+	{0x1fd8,0x1fd9,1,-8}, {0x1fda,0x1fdb,1,-100}, {0x1fe8,0x1fe9,1,-8},
+	{0x1fea,0x1feb,1,-112}, {0x1fec,0x1fec,-1,-7}, {0x1ff8,0x1ff9,1,-128},
+	{0x1ffa,0x1ffb,1,-126}, {0x1ffc,0x1ffc,-1,-9}, {0x2126,0x2126,-1,-7517},
+	{0x212a,0x212a,-1,-8383}, {0x212b,0x212b,-1,-8262},
+	{0x2160,0x216f,1,16}, {0x24b6,0x24cf,1,26}, {0xff21,0xff3a,1,32},
+	{0x10400,0x10427,1,40}
+};
+
+static int utf_convert(int a, convertStruct table[], int tableSize);
+
+/*
+ * Generic conversion function for case operations.
+ * Return the converted equivalent of "a", which is a UCS-4 character.  Use
+ * the given conversion "table".  Uses binary search on "table".
+ */
+    static int
+utf_convert(a, table, tableSize)
+    int			a;
+    convertStruct	table[];
+    int			tableSize;
+{
+    int start, mid, end; /* indices into table */
+
+    start = 0;
+    end = tableSize / sizeof(convertStruct);
+    while (start < end)
+    {
+	/* need to search further */
+	mid = (end + start) /2;
+	if (table[mid].rangeEnd < a)
+	    start = mid + 1;
+	else
+	    end = mid;
+    }
+    if (table[start].rangeStart <= a && a <= table[start].rangeEnd
+	    && (a - table[start].rangeStart) % table[start].step == 0)
+	return (a + table[start].offset);
+    else
+	return a;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the folded-case equivalent of "a", which is a UCS-4 character.  Uses
+ * simple case folding.
+ */
+    int
+utf_fold(a)
+    int		a;
+{
+    return utf_convert(a, foldCase, sizeof(foldCase));
+}
+
+/*
+ * The following tables are built by upperLowerExtract.pl < UnicodeData.txt .
+ * They must be in numeric order, because we use binary search on them.
+ * An entry such as {0x41,0x5a,1,32} means that UCS-4 characters in the range
+ * from 0x41 to 0x5a inclusive, stepping by 1, are switched to lower (for
+ * example) by adding 32.
+ */
+convertStruct toLower[] =
+{
+	{0x41,0x5a,1,32}, {0xc0,0xd6,1,32}, {0xd8,0xde,1,32},
+	{0x100,0x12e,2,1}, {0x130,0x130,-1,-199}, {0x132,0x136,2,1},
+	{0x139,0x147,2,1}, {0x14a,0x176,2,1}, {0x178,0x178,-1,-121},
+	{0x179,0x17d,2,1}, {0x181,0x181,-1,210}, {0x182,0x184,2,1},
+	{0x186,0x186,-1,206}, {0x187,0x187,-1,1}, {0x189,0x18a,1,205},
+	{0x18b,0x18b,-1,1}, {0x18e,0x18e,-1,79}, {0x18f,0x18f,-1,202},
+	{0x190,0x190,-1,203}, {0x191,0x191,-1,1}, {0x193,0x193,-1,205},
+	{0x194,0x194,-1,207}, {0x196,0x196,-1,211}, {0x197,0x197,-1,209},
+	{0x198,0x198,-1,1}, {0x19c,0x19c,-1,211}, {0x19d,0x19d,-1,213},
+	{0x19f,0x19f,-1,214}, {0x1a0,0x1a4,2,1}, {0x1a6,0x1a6,-1,218},
+	{0x1a7,0x1a7,-1,1}, {0x1a9,0x1a9,-1,218}, {0x1ac,0x1ac,-1,1},
+	{0x1ae,0x1ae,-1,218}, {0x1af,0x1af,-1,1}, {0x1b1,0x1b2,1,217},
+	{0x1b3,0x1b5,2,1}, {0x1b7,0x1b7,-1,219}, {0x1b8,0x1bc,4,1},
+	{0x1c4,0x1ca,3,2}, {0x1cd,0x1db,2,1}, {0x1de,0x1ee,2,1},
+	{0x1f1,0x1f1,-1,2}, {0x1f4,0x1f4,-1,1}, {0x1f6,0x1f6,-1,-97},
+	{0x1f7,0x1f7,-1,-56}, {0x1f8,0x21e,2,1}, {0x220,0x220,-1,-130},
+	{0x222,0x232,2,1}, {0x386,0x386,-1,38}, {0x388,0x38a,1,37},
+	{0x38c,0x38c,-1,64}, {0x38e,0x38f,1,63}, {0x391,0x3a1,1,32},
+	{0x3a3,0x3ab,1,32}, {0x3d8,0x3ee,2,1}, {0x3f4,0x3f4,-1,-60},
+	{0x3f7,0x3f7,-1,1}, {0x3f9,0x3f9,-1,-7}, {0x3fa,0x3fa,-1,1},
+	{0x400,0x40f,1,80}, {0x410,0x42f,1,32}, {0x460,0x480,2,1},
+	{0x48a,0x4be,2,1}, {0x4c1,0x4cd,2,1}, {0x4d0,0x4f4,2,1},
+	{0x4f8,0x500,8,1}, {0x502,0x50e,2,1}, {0x531,0x556,1,48},
+	{0x1e00,0x1e94,2,1}, {0x1ea0,0x1ef8,2,1}, {0x1f08,0x1f0f,1,-8},
+	{0x1f18,0x1f1d,1,-8}, {0x1f28,0x1f2f,1,-8}, {0x1f38,0x1f3f,1,-8},
+	{0x1f48,0x1f4d,1,-8}, {0x1f59,0x1f5f,2,-8}, {0x1f68,0x1f6f,1,-8},
+	{0x1fb8,0x1fb9,1,-8}, {0x1fba,0x1fbb,1,-74}, {0x1fc8,0x1fcb,1,-86},
+	{0x1fd8,0x1fd9,1,-8}, {0x1fda,0x1fdb,1,-100}, {0x1fe8,0x1fe9,1,-8},
+	{0x1fea,0x1feb,1,-112}, {0x1fec,0x1fec,-1,-7}, {0x1ff8,0x1ff9,1,-128},
+	{0x1ffa,0x1ffb,1,-126}, {0x2126,0x2126,-1,-7517}, {0x212a,0x212a,-1,-8383},
+	{0x212b,0x212b,-1,-8262}, {0xff21,0xff3a,1,32}, {0x10400,0x10427,1,40}
+};
+
+convertStruct toUpper[] =
+{
+	{0x61,0x7a,1,-32}, {0xb5,0xb5,-1,743}, {0xe0,0xf6,1,-32},
+	{0xf8,0xfe,1,-32}, {0xff,0xff,-1,121}, {0x101,0x12f,2,-1},
+	{0x131,0x131,-1,-232}, {0x133,0x137,2,-1}, {0x13a,0x148,2,-1},
+	{0x14b,0x177,2,-1}, {0x17a,0x17e,2,-1}, {0x17f,0x17f,-1,-300},
+	{0x183,0x185,2,-1}, {0x188,0x18c,4,-1}, {0x192,0x192,-1,-1},
+	{0x195,0x195,-1,97}, {0x199,0x199,-1,-1}, {0x19e,0x19e,-1,130},
+	{0x1a1,0x1a5,2,-1}, {0x1a8,0x1ad,5,-1}, {0x1b0,0x1b4,4,-1},
+	{0x1b6,0x1b9,3,-1}, {0x1bd,0x1bd,-1,-1}, {0x1bf,0x1bf,-1,56},
+	{0x1c5,0x1c6,1,-1}, {0x1c8,0x1c9,1,-1}, {0x1cb,0x1cc,1,-1},
+	{0x1ce,0x1dc,2,-1}, {0x1dd,0x1dd,-1,-79}, {0x1df,0x1ef,2,-1},
+	{0x1f2,0x1f3,1,-1}, {0x1f5,0x1f9,4,-1}, {0x1fb,0x21f,2,-1},
+	{0x223,0x233,2,-1}, {0x253,0x253,-1,-210}, {0x254,0x254,-1,-206},
+	{0x256,0x257,1,-205}, {0x259,0x259,-1,-202}, {0x25b,0x25b,-1,-203},
+	{0x260,0x260,-1,-205}, {0x263,0x263,-1,-207}, {0x268,0x268,-1,-209},
+	{0x269,0x26f,6,-211}, {0x272,0x272,-1,-213}, {0x275,0x275,-1,-214},
+	{0x280,0x283,3,-218}, {0x288,0x288,-1,-218}, {0x28a,0x28b,1,-217},
+	{0x292,0x292,-1,-219}, {0x3ac,0x3ac,-1,-38}, {0x3ad,0x3af,1,-37},
+	{0x3b1,0x3c1,1,-32}, {0x3c2,0x3c2,-1,-31}, {0x3c3,0x3cb,1,-32},
+	{0x3cc,0x3cc,-1,-64}, {0x3cd,0x3ce,1,-63}, {0x3d0,0x3d0,-1,-62},
+	{0x3d1,0x3d1,-1,-57}, {0x3d5,0x3d5,-1,-47}, {0x3d6,0x3d6,-1,-54},
+	{0x3d9,0x3ef,2,-1}, {0x3f0,0x3f0,-1,-86}, {0x3f1,0x3f1,-1,-80},
+	{0x3f2,0x3f2,-1,7}, {0x3f5,0x3f5,-1,-96}, {0x3f8,0x3fb,3,-1},
+	{0x430,0x44f,1,-32}, {0x450,0x45f,1,-80}, {0x461,0x481,2,-1},
+	{0x48b,0x4bf,2,-1}, {0x4c2,0x4ce,2,-1}, {0x4d1,0x4f5,2,-1},
+	{0x4f9,0x501,8,-1}, {0x503,0x50f,2,-1}, {0x561,0x586,1,-48},
+	{0x1e01,0x1e95,2,-1}, {0x1e9b,0x1e9b,-1,-59}, {0x1ea1,0x1ef9,2,-1},
+	{0x1f00,0x1f07,1,8}, {0x1f10,0x1f15,1,8}, {0x1f20,0x1f27,1,8},
+	{0x1f30,0x1f37,1,8}, {0x1f40,0x1f45,1,8}, {0x1f51,0x1f57,2,8},
+	{0x1f60,0x1f67,1,8}, {0x1f70,0x1f71,1,74}, {0x1f72,0x1f75,1,86},
+	{0x1f76,0x1f77,1,100}, {0x1f78,0x1f79,1,128}, {0x1f7a,0x1f7b,1,112},
+	{0x1f7c,0x1f7d,1,126}, {0x1f80,0x1f87,1,8}, {0x1f90,0x1f97,1,8},
+	{0x1fa0,0x1fa7,1,8}, {0x1fb0,0x1fb1,1,8}, {0x1fb3,0x1fb3,-1,9},
+	{0x1fbe,0x1fbe,-1,-7205}, {0x1fc3,0x1fc3,-1,9}, {0x1fd0,0x1fd1,1,8},
+	{0x1fe0,0x1fe1,1,8}, {0x1fe5,0x1fe5,-1,7}, {0x1ff3,0x1ff3,-1,9},
+	{0xff41,0xff5a,1,-32}, {0x10428,0x1044f,1,-40}
+};
+
+/*
+ * Return the upper-case equivalent of "a", which is a UCS-4 character.  Use
+ * simple case folding.
+ */
+    int
+utf_toupper(a)
+    int		a;
+{
+    /* If 'casemap' contains "keepascii" use ASCII style toupper(). */
+    if (a < 128 && (cmp_flags & CMP_KEEPASCII))
+	return TOUPPER_ASC(a);
+
+#if defined(HAVE_TOWUPPER) && defined(__STDC__ISO_10646__)
+    /* If towupper() is availble and handles Unicode, use it. */
+    if (!(cmp_flags & CMP_INTERNAL))
+	return towupper(a);
+#endif
+
+    /* For characters below 128 use locale sensitive toupper(). */
+    if (a < 128)
+	return TOUPPER_LOC(a);
+
+    /* For any other characters use the above mapping table. */
+    return utf_convert(a, toUpper, sizeof(toUpper));
+}
+
+    int
+utf_islower(a)
+    int		a;
+{
+    return (utf_toupper(a) != a);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the lower-case equivalent of "a", which is a UCS-4 character.  Use
+ * simple case folding.
+ */
+    int
+utf_tolower(a)
+    int		a;
+{
+    /* If 'casemap' contains "keepascii" use ASCII style tolower(). */
+    if (a < 128 && (cmp_flags & CMP_KEEPASCII))
+	return TOLOWER_ASC(a);
+
+#if defined(HAVE_TOWLOWER) && defined(__STDC__ISO_10646__)
+    /* If towlower() is availble and handles Unicode, use it. */
+    if (!(cmp_flags & CMP_INTERNAL))
+	return towlower(a);
+#endif
+
+    /* For characters below 128 use locale sensitive tolower(). */
+    if (a < 128)
+	return TOLOWER_LOC(a);
+
+    /* For any other characters use the above mapping table. */
+    return utf_convert(a, toLower, sizeof(toLower));
+}
+
+    int
+utf_isupper(a)
+    int		a;
+{
+    return (utf_tolower(a) != a);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Version of strnicmp() that handles multi-byte characters.
+ * Needed for Big5, Sjift-JIS and UTF-8 encoding.  Other DBCS encodings can
+ * probably use strnicmp(), because there are no ASCII characters in the
+ * second byte.
+ * Returns zero if s1 and s2 are equal (ignoring case), the difference between
+ * two characters otherwise.
+ */
+    int
+mb_strnicmp(s1, s2, n)
+    char_u	*s1, *s2;
+    int		n;
+{
+    int		i, j, l;
+    int		cdiff;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < n; i += l)
+    {
+	if (s1[i] == NUL && s2[i] == NUL)   /* both strings end */
+	    return 0;
+	if (enc_utf8)
+	{
+	    l = utf_byte2len(s1[i]);
+	    if (l > n - i)
+		l = n - i;		    /* incomplete character */
+	    /* Check directly first, it's faster. */
+	    for (j = 0; j < l; ++j)
+		if (s1[i + j] != s2[i + j])
+		    break;
+	    if (j < l)
+	    {
+		/* If one of the two characters is incomplete return -1. */
+		if (i + utf_byte2len(s1[i]) > n || i + utf_byte2len(s2[i]) > n)
+		    return -1;
+		cdiff = utf_fold(utf_ptr2char(s1 + i))
+					     - utf_fold(utf_ptr2char(s2 + i));
+		if (cdiff != 0)
+		    return cdiff;
+	    }
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    l = (*mb_ptr2len_check)(s1 + i);
+	    if (l <= 1)
+	    {
+		/* Single byte: first check normally, then with ignore case. */
+		if (s1[i] != s2[i])
+		{
+		    cdiff = TOLOWER_LOC(s1[i]) - TOLOWER_LOC(s2[i]);
+		    if (cdiff != 0)
+			return cdiff;
+		}
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		/* For non-Unicode multi-byte don't ignore case. */
+		if (l > n - i)
+		    l = n - i;
+		cdiff = STRNCMP(s1 + i, s2 + i, l);
+		if (cdiff != 0)
+		    return cdiff;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * "g8": show bytes of the UTF-8 char under the cursor.  Doesn't matter what
+ * 'encoding' has been set to.
+ */
+    void
+show_utf8()
+{
+    int		len;
+    char_u	*line;
+    int		clen;
+    int		i;
+
+    /* Get the byte length of the char under the cursor, including composing
+     * characters. */
+    line = ml_get_cursor();
+    len = utfc_ptr2len_check(line);
+    if (len == 0)
+    {
+	MSG("NUL");
+	return;
+    }
+
+    IObuff[0] = NUL;
+    clen = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+    {
+	if (clen == 0)
+	{
+	    /* start of (composing) character, get its length */
+	    if (i > 0)
+		STRCAT(IObuff, "+ ");
+	    clen = utf_ptr2len_check(line + i);
+	}
+	sprintf((char *)IObuff + STRLEN(IObuff), "%02x ", line[i]);
+	--clen;
+    }
+
+    msg(IObuff);
+}
+
+/*
+ * mb_head_off() function pointer.
+ * Return offset from "p" to the first byte of the character it points into.
+ * Returns 0 when already at the first byte of a character.
+ */
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    int
+latin_head_off(base, p)
+    char_u	*base;
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+    int
+dbcs_head_off(base, p)
+    char_u	*base;
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    char_u	*q;
+
+    /* It can't be a trailing byte when not using DBCS, at the start of the
+     * string or the previous byte can't start a double-byte. */
+    if (p <= base || MB_BYTE2LEN(p[-1]) == 1)
+	return 0;
+
+    /* This is slow: need to start at the base and go forward until the
+     * byte we are looking for.  Return 1 when we went past it, 0 otherwise. */
+    q = base;
+    while (q < p)
+	q += dbcs_ptr2len_check(q);
+    return (q == p) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+#if defined(FEAT_CLIPBOARD) || defined(FEAT_GUI) || defined(FEAT_RIGHTLEFT) \
+	|| defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Special version of dbcs_head_off() that works for ScreenLines[], where
+ * single-width DBCS_JPNU characters are stored separately.
+ */
+    int
+dbcs_screen_head_off(base, p)
+    char_u	*base;
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    char_u	*q;
+
+    /* It can't be a trailing byte when not using DBCS, at the start of the
+     * string or the previous byte can't start a double-byte.
+     * For euc-jp an 0x8e byte in the previous cell always means we have a
+     * lead byte in the current cell. */
+    if (p <= base
+	    || (enc_dbcs == DBCS_JPNU && p[-1] == 0x8e)
+	    || MB_BYTE2LEN(p[-1]) == 1)
+	return 0;
+
+    /* This is slow: need to start at the base and go forward until the
+     * byte we are looking for.  Return 1 when we went past it, 0 otherwise.
+     * For DBCS_JPNU look out for 0x8e, which means the second byte is not
+     * stored as the next byte. */
+    q = base;
+    while (q < p)
+    {
+	if (enc_dbcs == DBCS_JPNU && *q == 0x8e)
+	    ++q;
+	else
+	    q += dbcs_ptr2len_check(q);
+    }
+    return (q == p) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+#endif
+
+    int
+utf_head_off(base, p)
+    char_u	*base;
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    char_u	*q;
+    char_u	*s;
+    int		c;
+#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
+    char_u	*j;
+#endif
+
+    if (*p < 0x80)		/* be quick for ASCII */
+	return 0;
+
+    /* Skip backwards over trailing bytes: 10xx.xxxx
+     * Skip backwards again if on a composing char. */
+    for (q = p; ; --q)
+    {
+	/* Move s to the last byte of this char. */
+	for (s = q; (s[1] & 0xc0) == 0x80; ++s)
+	    ;
+	/* Move q to the first byte of this char. */
+	while (q > base && (*q & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+	    --q;
+	/* Check for illegal sequence. Do allow an illegal byte after where we
+	 * started. */
+	if (utf8len_tab[*q] != (int)(s - q + 1)
+				       && utf8len_tab[*q] != (int)(p - q + 1))
+	    return 0;
+
+	if (q <= base)
+	    break;
+
+	c = utf_ptr2char(q);
+	if (utf_iscomposing(c))
+	    continue;
+
+#ifdef FEAT_ARABIC
+	if (arabic_maycombine(c))
+	{
+	    /* Advance to get a sneak-peak at the next char */
+	    j = q;
+	    --j;
+	    /* Move j to the first byte of this char. */
+	    while (j > base && (*j & 0xc0) == 0x80)
+		--j;
+	    if (arabic_combine(utf_ptr2char(j), c))
+		continue;
+	}
+#endif
+	break;
+    }
+
+    return (int)(p - q);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the offset from "p" to the first byte of a character.  When "p" is
+ * at the start of a character 0 is returned, otherwise the offset to the next
+ * character.  Can start anywhere in a stream of bytes.
+ */
+    int
+mb_off_next(base, p)
+    char_u	*base;
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    int		i;
+    int		j;
+
+    if (enc_utf8)
+    {
+	if (*p < 0x80)		/* be quick for ASCII */
+	    return 0;
+
+	/* Find the next character that isn't 10xx.xxxx */
+	for (i = 0; (p[i] & 0xc0) == 0x80; ++i)
+	    ;
+	if (i > 0)
+	{
+	    /* Check for illegal sequence. */
+	    for (j = 0; p - j > base; ++j)
+		if ((p[-j] & 0xc0) != 0x80)
+		    break;
+	    if (utf8len_tab[p[-j]] != i + j)
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return i;
+    }
+
+    /* Only need to check if we're on a trail byte, it doesn't matter if we
+     * want the offset to the next or current character. */
+    return (*mb_head_off)(base, p);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the offset from "p" to the last byte of the character it points
+ * into.  Can start anywhere in a stream of bytes.
+ */
+    int
+mb_tail_off(base, p)
+    char_u	*base;
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    int		i;
+    int		j;
+
+    if (*p == NUL)
+	return 0;
+
+    if (enc_utf8)
+    {
+	/* Find the last character that is 10xx.xxxx */
+	for (i = 0; (p[i + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80; ++i)
+	    ;
+	/* Check for illegal sequence. */
+	for (j = 0; p - j > base; ++j)
+	    if ((p[-j] & 0xc0) != 0x80)
+		break;
+	if (utf8len_tab[p[-j]] != i + j + 1)
+	    return 0;
+	return i;
+    }
+
+    /* It can't be the first byte if a double-byte when not using DBCS, at the
+     * end of the string or the byte can't start a double-byte. */
+    if (enc_dbcs == 0 || p[1] == NUL || MB_BYTE2LEN(*p) == 1)
+	return 0;
+
+    /* Return 1 when on the lead byte, 0 when on the tail byte. */
+    return 1 - dbcs_head_off(base, p);
+}
+
+#if defined(FEAT_GUI) || defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Special version of mb_tail_off() for use in ScreenLines[].
+ */
+    int
+dbcs_screen_tail_off(base, p)
+    char_u	*base;
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    /* It can't be the first byte if a double-byte when not using DBCS, at the
+     * end of the string or the byte can't start a double-byte.
+     * For euc-jp an 0x8e byte always means we have a lead byte in the current
+     * cell. */
+    if (*p == NUL || p[1] == NUL
+	    || (enc_dbcs == DBCS_JPNU && *p == 0x8e)
+	    || MB_BYTE2LEN(*p) == 1)
+	return 0;
+
+    /* Return 1 when on the lead byte, 0 when on the tail byte. */
+    return 1 - dbcs_screen_head_off(base, p);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * If the cursor moves on an trail byte, set the cursor on the lead byte.
+ * Thus it moves left if necessary.
+ * Return TRUE when the cursor was adjusted.
+ */
+    void
+mb_adjust_cursor()
+{
+    mb_adjustpos(&curwin->w_cursor);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Adjust position "*lp" to point to the first byte of a multi-byte character.
+ * If it points to a tail byte it's moved backwards to the head byte.
+ */
+    void
+mb_adjustpos(lp)
+    pos_T	*lp;
+{
+    char_u	*p;
+
+    if (lp->col > 0
+#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
+	    || lp->coladd > 1
+#endif
+	    )
+    {
+	p = ml_get(lp->lnum);
+	lp->col -= (*mb_head_off)(p, p + lp->col);
+#ifdef FEAT_VIRTUALEDIT
+	/* Reset "coladd" when the cursor would be on the right half of a
+	 * double-wide character. */
+	if (lp->coladd == 1
+		&& p[lp->col] != TAB
+		&& vim_isprintc((*mb_ptr2char)(p + lp->col))
+		&& ptr2cells(p + lp->col) > 1)
+	    lp->coladd = 0;
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a pointer to the character before "*p", if there is one.
+ */
+    char_u *
+mb_prevptr(line, p)
+    char_u *line;	/* start of the string */
+    char_u *p;
+{
+    if (p > line)
+	p = p - (*mb_head_off)(line, p - 1) - 1;
+    return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the character length of "str".  multi-byte characters counts as one.
+ */
+    int
+mb_charlen(str)
+    char_u	*str;
+{
+    int count;
+
+    if (str == NULL)
+	return 0;
+
+    for (count = 0; *str != NUL; count++)
+	str += (*mb_ptr2len_check)(str);
+
+    return count;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try to un-escape a multi-byte character.
+ * Used for the "to" and "from" part of a mapping.
+ * Return the un-escaped string if it is a multi-byte character, and advance
+ * "pp" to just after the bytes that formed it.
+ * Return NULL if no multi-byte char was found.
+ */
+    char_u *
+mb_unescape(pp)
+    char_u **pp;
+{
+    static char_u	buf[MB_MAXBYTES + 1];
+    int			n, m = 0;
+    char_u		*str = *pp;
+
+    /* Must translate K_SPECIAL KS_SPECIAL KE_FILLER to K_SPECIAL and CSI
+     * KS_EXTRA KE_CSI to CSI. */
+    for (n = 0; str[n] != NUL && m <= MB_MAXBYTES; ++n)
+    {
+	if (str[n] == K_SPECIAL
+		&& str[n + 1] == KS_SPECIAL
+		&& str[n + 2] == KE_FILLER)
+	{
+	    buf[m++] = K_SPECIAL;
+	    n += 2;
+	}
+# ifdef FEAT_GUI
+	else if (str[n] == CSI
+		&& str[n + 1] == KS_EXTRA
+		&& str[n + 2] == (int)KE_CSI)
+	{
+	    buf[m++] = CSI;
+	    n += 2;
+	}
+# endif
+	else if (str[n] == K_SPECIAL
+# ifdef FEAT_GUI
+		|| str[n] == CSI
+# endif
+		)
+	    break;		/* a special key can't be a multibyte char */
+	else
+	    buf[m++] = str[n];
+	buf[m] = NUL;
+
+	/* Return a multi-byte character if it's found.  An illegal sequence
+	 * will result in a 1 here. */
+	if ((*mb_ptr2len_check)(buf) > 1)
+	{
+	    *pp = str + n + 1;
+	    return buf;
+	}
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if the character at "row"/"col" on the screen is the left side
+ * of a double-width character.
+ * Caller must make sure "row" and "col" are not invalid!
+ */
+    int
+mb_lefthalve(row, col)
+    int	    row;
+    int	    col;
+{
+#ifdef FEAT_HANGULIN
+    if (composing_hangul)
+	return TRUE;
+#endif
+    if (enc_dbcs != 0)
+	return dbcs_off2cells(LineOffset[row] + col) > 1;
+    if (enc_utf8)
+	return (col + 1 < Columns
+		&& ScreenLines[LineOffset[row] + col + 1] == 0);
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+# if defined(FEAT_CLIPBOARD) || defined(FEAT_GUI) || defined(FEAT_RIGHTLEFT) \
+	|| defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Correct a position on the screen, if it's the right halve of a double-wide
+ * char move it to the left halve.  Returns the corrected column.
+ */
+    int
+mb_fix_col(col, row)
+    int		col;
+    int		row;
+{
+    col = check_col(col);
+    row = check_row(row);
+    if (has_mbyte && ScreenLines != NULL && col > 0
+	    && ((enc_dbcs
+		    && ScreenLines[LineOffset[row] + col] != NUL
+		    && dbcs_screen_head_off(ScreenLines + LineOffset[row],
+					 ScreenLines + LineOffset[row] + col))
+		|| (enc_utf8 && ScreenLines[LineOffset[row] + col] == 0)))
+	--col;
+    return col;
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(FEAT_POSTSCRIPT) || defined(PROTO)
+static int enc_alias_search __ARGS((char_u *name));
+
+/*
+ * Skip the Vim specific head of a 'encoding' name.
+ */
+    char_u *
+enc_skip(p)
+    char_u	*p;
+{
+    if (STRNCMP(p, "2byte-", 6) == 0)
+	return p + 6;
+    if (STRNCMP(p, "8bit-", 5) == 0)
+	return p + 5;
+    return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the canonical name for encoding "enc".
+ * When the name isn't recognized, returns "enc" itself, but with all lower
+ * case characters and '_' replaced with '-'.
+ * Returns an allocated string.  NULL for out-of-memory.
+ */
+    char_u *
+enc_canonize(enc)
+    char_u	*enc;
+{
+    char_u	*r;
+    char_u	*p, *s;
+    int		i;
+
+    /* copy "enc" to allocted memory, with room for two '-' */
+    r = alloc((unsigned)(STRLEN(enc) + 3));
+    if (r != NULL)
+    {
+	/* Make it all lower case and replace '_' with '-'. */
+	p = r;
+	for (s = enc; *s != NUL; ++s)
+	{
+	    if (*s == '_')
+		*p++ = '-';
+	    else
+		*p++ = TOLOWER_ASC(*s);
+	}
+	*p = NUL;
+
+	/* Skip "2byte-" and "8bit-". */
+	p = enc_skip(r);
+
+	/* "iso8859" -> "iso-8859" */
+	if (STRNCMP(p, "iso8859", 7) == 0)
+	{
+	    mch_memmove(p + 4, p + 3, STRLEN(p + 2));
+	    p[3] = '-';
+	}
+
+	/* "iso-8859n" -> "iso-8859-n" */
+	if (STRNCMP(p, "iso-8859", 8) == 0 && p[8] != '-')
+	{
+	    mch_memmove(p + 9, p + 8, STRLEN(p + 7));
+	    p[8] = '-';
+	}
+
+	/* "latin-N" -> "latinN" */
+	if (STRNCMP(p, "latin-", 6) == 0)
+	    mch_memmove(p + 5, p + 6, STRLEN(p + 5));
+
+	if (enc_canon_search(p) >= 0)
+	{
+	    /* canonical name can be used unmodified */
+	    if (p != r)
+		mch_memmove(r, p, STRLEN(p) + 1);
+	}
+	else if ((i = enc_alias_search(p)) >= 0)
+	{
+	    /* alias recognized, get canonical name */
+	    vim_free(r);
+	    r = vim_strsave((char_u *)enc_canon_table[i].name);
+	}
+    }
+    return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Search for an encoding alias of "name".
+ * Returns -1 when not found.
+ */
+    static int
+enc_alias_search(name)
+    char_u	*name;
+{
+    int		i;
+
+    for (i = 0; enc_alias_table[i].name != NULL; ++i)
+	if (STRCMP(name, enc_alias_table[i].name) == 0)
+	    return enc_alias_table[i].canon;
+    return -1;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(PROTO)
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LANGINFO_H
+# include <langinfo.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Get the canonicalized encoding of the current locale.
+ * Returns an allocated string when successful, NULL when not.
+ */
+    char_u *
+enc_locale()
+{
+#ifndef WIN3264
+    char	*s;
+    char	*p;
+    int		i;
+#endif
+    char	buf[50];
+#ifdef WIN3264
+    long	acp = GetACP();
+
+    if (acp == 1200)
+	STRCPY(buf, "ucs-2le");
+    else if (acp == 1252)
+	STRCPY(buf, "latin1");
+    else
+	sprintf(buf, "cp%ld", acp);
+#else
+# ifdef HAVE_NL_LANGINFO_CODESET
+    if ((s = nl_langinfo(CODESET)) == NULL || *s == NUL)
+# endif
+# if defined(HAVE_LOCALE_H) || defined(X_LOCALE)
+	if ((s = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL)) == NULL || *s == NUL)
+# endif
+	    if ((s = getenv("LC_ALL")) == NULL || *s == NUL)
+		if ((s = getenv("LC_CTYPE")) == NULL || *s == NUL)
+		    s = getenv("LANG");
+
+    if (s == NULL || *s == NUL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    /* The most generic locale format is:
+     * language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier][+special][,[sponsor][_revision]]
+     * If there is a '.' remove the part before it.
+     * if there is something after the codeset, remove it.
+     * Make the name lowercase and replace '_' with '-'.
+     * Exception: "ja_JP.EUC" == "euc-jp", "zh_CN.EUC" = "euc-cn",
+     * "ko_KR.EUC" == "euc-kr"
+     */
+    if ((p = (char *)vim_strchr((char_u *)s, '.')) != NULL)
+    {
+	if (p > s + 2 && STRNICMP(p + 1, "EUC", 3) == 0
+			&& !isalnum((int)p[4]) && p[4] != '-' && p[-3] == '_')
+	{
+	    /* copy "XY.EUC" to "euc-XY" to buf[10] */
+	    STRCPY(buf + 10, "euc-");
+	    buf[14] = p[-2];
+	    buf[15] = p[-1];
+	    buf[16] = 0;
+	    s = buf + 10;
+	}
+	else
+	    s = p + 1;
+    }
+    for (i = 0; s[i] != NUL && i < sizeof(buf) - 1; ++i)
+    {
+	if (s[i] == '_' || s[i] == '-')
+	    buf[i] = '-';
+	else if (isalnum((int)s[i]))
+	    buf[i] = TOLOWER_ASC(s[i]);
+	else
+	    break;
+    }
+    buf[i] = NUL;
+#endif
+
+    return enc_canonize((char_u *)buf);
+}
+
+#if defined(WIN3264) || defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Convert an encoding name to an MS-Windows codepage.
+ * Returns zero if no codepage can be figured out.
+ */
+    int
+encname2codepage(name)
+    char_u	*name;
+{
+    int		cp;
+    char_u	*p = name;
+    int		idx;
+
+    if (STRNCMP(p, "8bit-", 5) == 0)
+	p += 5;
+    else if (STRNCMP(p_enc, "2byte-", 6) == 0)
+	p += 6;
+
+    if (p[0] == 'c' && p[1] == 'p')
+	cp = atoi(p + 2);
+    else if ((idx = enc_canon_search(p)) >= 0)
+	cp = enc_canon_table[idx].codepage;
+    else
+	return 0;
+    if (IsValidCodePage(cp))
+	return cp;
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+# if defined(USE_ICONV) || defined(PROTO)
+
+static char_u *iconv_string __ARGS((vimconv_T *vcp, char_u *str, int slen, int *unconvlenp));
+
+/*
+ * Call iconv_open() with a check if iconv() works properly (there are broken
+ * versions).
+ * Returns (void *)-1 if failed.
+ * (should return iconv_t, but that causes problems with prototypes).
+ */
+    void *
+my_iconv_open(to, from)
+    char_u	*to;
+    char_u	*from;
+{
+    iconv_t	fd;
+#define ICONV_TESTLEN 400
+    char_u	tobuf[ICONV_TESTLEN];
+    char	*p;
+    size_t	tolen;
+    static int	iconv_ok = -1;
+
+    if (iconv_ok == FALSE)
+	return (void *)-1;	/* detected a broken iconv() previously */
+
+#ifdef DYNAMIC_ICONV
+    /* Check if the iconv.dll can be found. */
+    if (!iconv_enabled(TRUE))
+	return (void *)-1;
+#endif
+
+    fd = iconv_open((char *)enc_skip(to), (char *)enc_skip(from));
+
+    if (fd != (iconv_t)-1 && iconv_ok == -1)
+    {
+	/*
+	 * Do a dummy iconv() call to check if it actually works.  There is a
+	 * version of iconv() on Linux that is broken.  We can't ignore it,
+	 * because it's wide-spread.  The symptoms are that after outputting
+	 * the initial shift state the "to" pointer is NULL and conversion
+	 * stops for no apparent reason after about 8160 characters.
+	 */
+	p = (char *)tobuf;
+	tolen = ICONV_TESTLEN;
+	(void)iconv(fd, NULL, NULL, &p, &tolen);
+	if (p == NULL)
+	{
+	    iconv_ok = FALSE;
+	    iconv_close(fd);
+	    fd = (iconv_t)-1;
+	}
+	else
+	    iconv_ok = TRUE;
+    }
+
+    return (void *)fd;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert the string "str[slen]" with iconv().
+ * If "unconvlenp" is not NULL handle the string ending in an incomplete
+ * sequence and set "*unconvlenp" to the length of it.
+ * Returns the converted string in allocated memory.  NULL for an error.
+ */
+    static char_u *
+iconv_string(vcp, str, slen, unconvlenp)
+    vimconv_T	*vcp;
+    char_u	*str;
+    int		slen;
+    int		*unconvlenp;
+{
+    const char	*from;
+    size_t	fromlen;
+    char	*to;
+    size_t	tolen;
+    size_t	len = 0;
+    size_t	done = 0;
+    char_u	*result = NULL;
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		l;
+
+    from = (char *)str;
+    fromlen = slen;
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	if (len == 0 || ICONV_ERRNO == ICONV_E2BIG)
+	{
+	    /* Allocate enough room for most conversions.  When re-allocating
+	     * increase the buffer size. */
+	    len = len + fromlen * 2 + 40;
+	    p = alloc((unsigned)len);
+	    if (p != NULL && done > 0)
+		mch_memmove(p, result, done);
+	    vim_free(result);
+	    result = p;
+	    if (result == NULL)	/* out of memory */
+		break;
+	}
+
+	to = (char *)result + done;
+	tolen = len - done - 2;
+	/* Avoid a warning for systems with a wrong iconv() prototype by
+	 * casting the second argument to void *. */
+	if (iconv(vcp->vc_fd, (void *)&from, &fromlen, &to, &tolen)
+								!= (size_t)-1)
+	{
+	    /* Finished, append a NUL. */
+	    *to = NUL;
+	    break;
+	}
+
+	/* Check both ICONV_EINVAL and EINVAL, because the dynamically loaded
+	 * iconv library may use one of them. */
+	if (!vcp->vc_fail && unconvlenp != NULL
+		&& (ICONV_ERRNO == ICONV_EINVAL || ICONV_ERRNO == EINVAL))
+	{
+	    /* Handle an incomplete sequence at the end. */
+	    *to = NUL;
+	    *unconvlenp = fromlen;
+	    break;
+	}
+
+	/* Check both ICONV_EILSEQ and EILSEQ, because the dynamically loaded
+	 * iconv library may use one of them. */
+	else if (!vcp->vc_fail
+		&& (ICONV_ERRNO == ICONV_EILSEQ || ICONV_ERRNO == EILSEQ
+		    || ICONV_ERRNO == ICONV_EINVAL || ICONV_ERRNO == EINVAL))
+	{
+	    /* Can't convert: insert a '?' and skip a character.  This assumes
+	     * conversion from 'encoding' to something else.  In other
+	     * situations we don't know what to skip anyway. */
+	    *to++ = '?';
+	    if ((*mb_ptr2cells)((char_u *)from) > 1)
+		*to++ = '?';
+	    l = (*mb_ptr2len_check)((char_u *)from);
+	    from += l;
+	    fromlen -= l;
+	}
+	else if (ICONV_ERRNO != ICONV_E2BIG)
+	{
+	    /* conversion failed */
+	    vim_free(result);
+	    result = NULL;
+	    break;
+	}
+	/* Not enough room or skipping illegal sequence. */
+	done = to - (char *)result;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+#  if defined(DYNAMIC_ICONV) || defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Dynamically load the "iconv.dll" on Win32.
+ */
+
+#ifndef DYNAMIC_ICONV	    /* just generating prototypes */
+# define HINSTANCE int
+#endif
+HINSTANCE hIconvDLL = 0;
+HINSTANCE hMsvcrtDLL = 0;
+
+#  ifndef DYNAMIC_ICONV_DLL
+#   define DYNAMIC_ICONV_DLL "iconv.dll"
+#   define DYNAMIC_ICONV_DLL_ALT "libiconv.dll"
+#  endif
+#  ifndef DYNAMIC_MSVCRT_DLL
+#   define DYNAMIC_MSVCRT_DLL "msvcrt.dll"
+#  endif
+
+/*
+ * Try opening the iconv.dll and return TRUE if iconv() can be used.
+ */
+    int
+iconv_enabled(verbose)
+    int		verbose;
+{
+    if (hIconvDLL != 0 && hMsvcrtDLL != 0)
+	return TRUE;
+    hIconvDLL = LoadLibrary(DYNAMIC_ICONV_DLL);
+    if (hIconvDLL == 0)		/* sometimes it's called libiconv.dll */
+	hIconvDLL = LoadLibrary(DYNAMIC_ICONV_DLL_ALT);
+    if (hIconvDLL != 0)
+	hMsvcrtDLL = LoadLibrary(DYNAMIC_MSVCRT_DLL);
+    if (hIconvDLL == 0 || hMsvcrtDLL == 0)
+    {
+	/* Only give the message when 'verbose' is set, otherwise it might be
+	 * done whenever a conversion is attempted. */
+	if (verbose && p_verbose > 0)
+	    EMSG2(_(e_loadlib),
+		    hIconvDLL == 0 ? DYNAMIC_ICONV_DLL : DYNAMIC_MSVCRT_DLL);
+	iconv_end();
+	return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    *((FARPROC*)&iconv)		= GetProcAddress(hIconvDLL, "libiconv");
+    *((FARPROC*)&iconv_open)	= GetProcAddress(hIconvDLL, "libiconv_open");
+    *((FARPROC*)&iconv_close)	= GetProcAddress(hIconvDLL, "libiconv_close");
+    *((FARPROC*)&iconvctl)	= GetProcAddress(hIconvDLL, "libiconvctl");
+    *((FARPROC*)&iconv_errno)	= GetProcAddress(hMsvcrtDLL, "_errno");
+    if (iconv == NULL || iconv_open == NULL || iconv_close == NULL
+	    || iconvctl == NULL || iconv_errno == NULL)
+    {
+	iconv_end();
+	if (verbose && p_verbose > 0)
+	    EMSG2(_(e_loadfunc), "for libiconv");
+	return FALSE;
+    }
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+    void
+iconv_end()
+{
+    /* Don't use iconv() when inputting or outputting characters. */
+    if (input_conv.vc_type == CONV_ICONV)
+	convert_setup(&input_conv, NULL, NULL);
+    if (output_conv.vc_type == CONV_ICONV)
+	convert_setup(&output_conv, NULL, NULL);
+
+    if (hIconvDLL != 0)
+	FreeLibrary(hIconvDLL);
+    if (hMsvcrtDLL != 0)
+	FreeLibrary(hMsvcrtDLL);
+    hIconvDLL = 0;
+    hMsvcrtDLL = 0;
+}
+#  endif /* DYNAMIC_ICONV */
+# endif /* USE_ICONV */
+
+#endif /* FEAT_MBYTE */
+
+#if defined(FEAT_XIM) || defined(PROTO)
+
+# ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+static int xim_has_preediting INIT(= FALSE);  /* IM current status */
+
+/*
+ * Set preedit_start_col to the current cursor position.
+ */
+    static void
+init_preedit_start_col(void)
+{
+    if (State & CMDLINE)
+	preedit_start_col = cmdline_getvcol_cursor();
+    else if (curwin != NULL)
+	getvcol(curwin, &curwin->w_cursor, &preedit_start_col, NULL, NULL);
+    /* Prevent that preediting marks the buffer as changed. */
+    xim_changed_while_preediting = curbuf->b_changed;
+}
+# endif
+
+# if defined(HAVE_GTK2) && !defined(PROTO)
+
+static int im_is_active	       = FALSE;	/* IM is enabled for current mode    */
+static int im_preedit_cursor   = 0;	/* cursor offset in characters       */
+static int im_preedit_trailing = 0;	/* number of characters after cursor */
+
+static unsigned long im_commit_handler_id  = 0;
+static unsigned int  im_activatekey_keyval = GDK_VoidSymbol;
+static unsigned int  im_activatekey_state  = 0;
+
+    void
+im_set_active(int active)
+{
+    int was_active;
+
+    was_active = !!im_is_active;
+    im_is_active = (active && !p_imdisable);
+
+    if (im_is_active != was_active)
+	xim_reset();
+}
+
+    void
+xim_set_focus(int focus)
+{
+    if (xic != NULL)
+    {
+	if (focus)
+	    gtk_im_context_focus_in(xic);
+	else
+	    gtk_im_context_focus_out(xic);
+    }
+}
+
+    void
+im_set_position(int row, int col)
+{
+    if (xic != NULL)
+    {
+	GdkRectangle area;
+
+	area.x = FILL_X(col);
+	area.y = FILL_Y(row);
+	area.width  = gui.char_width * (mb_lefthalve(row, col) ? 2 : 1);
+	area.height = gui.char_height;
+
+	gtk_im_context_set_cursor_location(xic, &area);
+    }
+}
+
+#  if 0 || defined(PROTO) /* apparently only used in gui_x11.c */
+    void
+xim_set_preedit(void)
+{
+    im_set_position(gui.row, gui.col);
+}
+#  endif
+
+    static void
+im_add_to_input(char_u *str, int len)
+{
+    /* Convert from 'termencoding' (always "utf-8") to 'encoding' */
+    if (input_conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
+    {
+	str = string_convert(&input_conv, str, &len);
+	g_return_if_fail(str != NULL);
+    }
+
+    add_to_input_buf_csi(str, len);
+
+    if (input_conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
+	vim_free(str);
+
+    if (p_mh) /* blank out the pointer if necessary */
+	gui_mch_mousehide(TRUE);
+}
+
+    static void
+im_delete_preedit(void)
+{
+    char_u bskey[]  = {CSI, 'k', 'b'};
+    char_u delkey[] = {CSI, 'k', 'D'};
+
+    if (State & NORMAL)
+    {
+	im_preedit_cursor = 0;
+	return;
+    }
+    for (; im_preedit_cursor > 0; --im_preedit_cursor)
+	add_to_input_buf(bskey, (int)sizeof(bskey));
+
+    for (; im_preedit_trailing > 0; --im_preedit_trailing)
+	add_to_input_buf(delkey, (int)sizeof(delkey));
+}
+
+    static void
+im_correct_cursor(int num_move_back)
+{
+    char_u backkey[] = {CSI, 'k', 'l'};
+
+    if (State & NORMAL)
+	return;
+#  ifdef FEAT_RIGHTLEFT
+    if ((State & CMDLINE) == 0 && curwin != NULL && curwin->w_p_rl)
+	backkey[2] = 'r';
+#  endif
+    for (; num_move_back > 0; --num_move_back)
+	add_to_input_buf(backkey, (int)sizeof(backkey));
+}
+
+static int xim_expected_char = NUL;
+static int xim_ignored_char = FALSE;
+
+/*
+ * Update the mode and cursor while in an IM callback.
+ */
+    static void
+im_show_info(void)
+{
+    int	    old_vgetc_busy;
+    old_vgetc_busy = vgetc_busy;
+    vgetc_busy = TRUE;
+    showmode();
+    vgetc_busy = old_vgetc_busy;
+    setcursor();
+    out_flush();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Callback invoked when the user finished preediting.
+ * Put the final string into the input buffer.
+ */
+/*ARGSUSED0*/
+    static void
+im_commit_cb(GtkIMContext *context, const gchar *str, gpointer data)
+{
+    int	slen = (int)STRLEN(str);
+    int	add_to_input = TRUE;
+    int	clen;
+    int	len = slen;
+    int	commit_with_preedit = TRUE;
+    char_u	*im_str, *p;
+
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("im_commit_cb(): %s\n", str);
+#endif
+
+    /* The imhangul module doesn't reset the preedit string before
+     * committing.  Call im_delete_preedit() to work around that. */
+    im_delete_preedit();
+
+    /* Indicate that preediting has finished. */
+    if (preedit_start_col == MAXCOL)
+    {
+	init_preedit_start_col();
+	commit_with_preedit = FALSE;
+    }
+
+    /* The thing which setting "preedit_start_col" to MAXCOL means that
+     * "preedit_start_col" will be set forcely when calling
+     * preedit_changed_cb() next time.
+     * "preedit_start_col" should not reset with MAXCOL on this part. Vim
+     * is simulating the preediting by using add_to_input_str(). when
+     * preedit begin immediately before committed, the typebuf is not
+     * flushed to screen, then it can't get correct "preedit_start_col".
+     * Thus, it should calculate the cells by adding cells of the committed
+     * string. */
+    if (input_conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
+    {
+	im_str = string_convert(&input_conv, (char_u *)str, &len);
+	g_return_if_fail(im_str != NULL);
+    }
+    else
+	im_str = (char_u *)str;
+    clen = 0;
+    for (p = im_str; p < im_str + len; p += (*mb_ptr2len_check)(p))
+	clen += (*mb_ptr2cells)(p);
+    if (input_conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE)
+	vim_free(im_str);
+    preedit_start_col += clen;
+
+    /* Is this a single character that matches a keypad key that's just
+     * been pressed?  If so, we don't want it to be entered as such - let
+     * us carry on processing the raw keycode so that it may be used in
+     * mappings as <kSomething>. */
+    if (xim_expected_char != NUL)
+    {
+	/* We're currently processing a keypad or other special key */
+	if (slen == 1 && str[0] == xim_expected_char)
+	{
+	    /* It's a match - don't do it here */
+	    xim_ignored_char = TRUE;
+	    add_to_input = FALSE;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    /* Not a match */
+	    xim_ignored_char = FALSE;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (add_to_input)
+	im_add_to_input((char_u *)str, slen);
+
+    /* Inserting chars while "im_is_active" is set does not cause a change of
+     * buffer.  When the chars are committed the buffer must be marked as
+     * changed. */
+    if (!commit_with_preedit)
+	preedit_start_col = MAXCOL;
+
+    /* This flag is used in changed() at next call. */
+    xim_changed_while_preediting = TRUE;
+
+    if (gtk_main_level() > 0)
+	gtk_main_quit();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Callback invoked after start to the preedit.
+ */
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+im_preedit_start_cb(GtkIMContext *context, gpointer data)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("im_preedit_start_cb()\n");
+#endif
+
+    im_is_active = TRUE;
+    gui_update_cursor(TRUE, FALSE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Callback invoked after end to the preedit.
+ */
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+im_preedit_end_cb(GtkIMContext *context, gpointer data)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("im_preedit_end_cb()\n");
+#endif
+    im_delete_preedit();
+
+    /* Indicate that preediting has finished */
+    preedit_start_col = MAXCOL;
+    xim_has_preediting = FALSE;
+
+    im_is_active = FALSE;
+    gui_update_cursor(TRUE, FALSE);
+    im_show_info();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Callback invoked after changes to the preedit string.  If the preedit
+ * string was empty before, remember the preedit start column so we know
+ * where to apply feedback attributes.  Delete the previous preedit string
+ * if there was one, save the new preedit cursor offset, and put the new
+ * string into the input buffer.
+ *
+ * TODO: The pragmatic "put into input buffer" approach used here has
+ *       several fundamental problems:
+ *
+ * - The characters in the preedit string are subject to remapping.
+ *   That's broken, only the finally committed string should be remapped.
+ *
+ * - There is a race condition involved:  The retrieved value for the
+ *   current cursor position will be wrong if any unprocessed characters
+ *   are still queued in the input buffer.
+ *
+ * - Due to the lack of synchronization between the file buffer in memory
+ *   and any typed characters, it's practically impossible to implement the
+ *   "retrieve_surrounding" and "delete_surrounding" signals reliably.  IM
+ *   modules for languages such as Thai are likely to rely on this feature
+ *   for proper operation.
+ *
+ * Conclusions:  I think support for preediting needs to be moved to the
+ * core parts of Vim.  Ideally, until it has been committed, the preediting
+ * string should only be displayed and not affect the buffer content at all.
+ * The question how to deal with the synchronization issue still remains.
+ * Circumventing the input buffer is probably not desirable.  Anyway, I think
+ * implementing "retrieve_surrounding" is the only hard problem.
+ *
+ * One way to solve all of this in a clean manner would be to queue all key
+ * press/release events "as is" in the input buffer, and apply the IM filtering
+ * at the receiving end of the queue.  This, however, would have a rather large
+ * impact on the code base.  If there is an easy way to force processing of all
+ * remaining input from within the "retrieve_surrounding" signal handler, this
+ * might not be necessary.  Gotta ask on vim-dev for opinions.
+ */
+/*ARGSUSED1*/
+    static void
+im_preedit_changed_cb(GtkIMContext *context, gpointer data)
+{
+    char    *preedit_string = NULL;
+    int	    cursor_index    = 0;
+    int	    num_move_back   = 0;
+    char_u  *str;
+    char_u  *p;
+    int	    i;
+
+    gtk_im_context_get_preedit_string(context,
+				      &preedit_string, NULL,
+				      &cursor_index);
+
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("im_preedit_changed_cb(): %s\n", preedit_string);
+#endif
+
+    g_return_if_fail(preedit_string != NULL); /* just in case */
+
+    /* If preedit_start_col is MAXCOL set it to the current cursor position. */
+    if (preedit_start_col == MAXCOL && preedit_string[0] != '\0')
+    {
+	xim_has_preediting = TRUE;
+
+	/* Urgh, this breaks if the input buffer isn't empty now */
+	init_preedit_start_col();
+    }
+    else if (cursor_index == 0 && preedit_string[0] == '\0')
+    {
+	if (preedit_start_col == MAXCOL)
+	    xim_has_preediting = FALSE;
+
+	/* If at the start position (after typing backspace)
+	 * preedit_start_col must be reset. */
+	preedit_start_col = MAXCOL;
+    }
+
+    im_delete_preedit();
+
+    /*
+     * Compute the end of the preediting area: "preedit_end_col".
+     * According to the documentation of gtk_im_context_get_preedit_string(),
+     * the cursor_pos output argument returns the offset in bytes.  This is
+     * unfortunately not true -- real life shows the offset is in characters,
+     * and the GTK+ source code agrees with me.  Will file a bug later.
+     */
+    if (preedit_start_col != MAXCOL)
+	preedit_end_col = preedit_start_col;
+    str = (char_u *)preedit_string;
+    for (p = str, i = 0; *p != NUL; p += utf_byte2len(*p), ++i)
+    {
+	int is_composing;
+
+	is_composing = ((*p & 0x80) != 0 && utf_iscomposing(utf_ptr2char(p)));
+	/*
+	 * These offsets are used as counters when generating <BS> and <Del>
+	 * to delete the preedit string.  So don't count composing characters
+	 * unless 'delcombine' is enabled.
+	 */
+	if (!is_composing || p_deco)
+	{
+	    if (i < cursor_index)
+		++im_preedit_cursor;
+	    else
+		++im_preedit_trailing;
+	}
+	if (!is_composing && i >= cursor_index)
+	{
+	    /* This is essentially the same as im_preedit_trailing, except
+	     * composing characters are not counted even if p_deco is set. */
+	    ++num_move_back;
+	}
+	if (preedit_start_col != MAXCOL)
+	    preedit_end_col += utf_ptr2cells(p);
+    }
+
+    if (p > str)
+    {
+	im_add_to_input(str, (int)(p - str));
+	im_correct_cursor(num_move_back);
+    }
+
+    g_free(preedit_string);
+
+    if (gtk_main_level() > 0)
+	gtk_main_quit();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Translate the Pango attributes at iter to Vim highlighting attributes.
+ * Ignore attributes not supported by Vim highlighting.  This shouldn't have
+ * too much impact -- right now we handle even more attributes than necessary
+ * for the IM modules I tested with.
+ */
+    static int
+translate_pango_attributes(PangoAttrIterator *iter)
+{
+    PangoAttribute  *attr;
+    int		    char_attr = HL_NORMAL;
+
+    attr = pango_attr_iterator_get(iter, PANGO_ATTR_UNDERLINE);
+    if (attr != NULL && ((PangoAttrInt *)attr)->value
+						 != (int)PANGO_UNDERLINE_NONE)
+	char_attr |= HL_UNDERLINE;
+
+    attr = pango_attr_iterator_get(iter, PANGO_ATTR_WEIGHT);
+    if (attr != NULL && ((PangoAttrInt *)attr)->value >= (int)PANGO_WEIGHT_BOLD)
+	char_attr |= HL_BOLD;
+
+    attr = pango_attr_iterator_get(iter, PANGO_ATTR_STYLE);
+    if (attr != NULL && ((PangoAttrInt *)attr)->value
+						   != (int)PANGO_STYLE_NORMAL)
+	char_attr |= HL_ITALIC;
+
+    attr = pango_attr_iterator_get(iter, PANGO_ATTR_BACKGROUND);
+    if (attr != NULL)
+    {
+	const PangoColor *color = &((PangoAttrColor *)attr)->color;
+
+	/* Assume inverse if black background is requested */
+	if ((color->red | color->green | color->blue) == 0)
+	    char_attr |= HL_INVERSE;
+    }
+
+    return char_attr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Retrieve the highlighting attributes at column col in the preedit string.
+ * Return -1 if not in preediting mode or if col is out of range.
+ */
+    int
+im_get_feedback_attr(int col)
+{
+    char	    *preedit_string = NULL;
+    PangoAttrList   *attr_list	    = NULL;
+    int		    char_attr	    = -1;
+
+    if (xic == NULL)
+	return char_attr;
+
+    gtk_im_context_get_preedit_string(xic, &preedit_string, &attr_list, NULL);
+
+    if (preedit_string != NULL && attr_list != NULL)
+    {
+	int index;
+
+	/* Get the byte index as used by PangoAttrIterator */
+	for (index = 0; col > 0 && preedit_string[index] != '\0'; --col)
+	    index += utfc_ptr2len_check((char_u *)preedit_string + index);
+
+	if (preedit_string[index] != '\0')
+	{
+	    PangoAttrIterator	*iter;
+	    int			start, end;
+
+	    char_attr = HL_NORMAL;
+	    iter = pango_attr_list_get_iterator(attr_list);
+
+	    /* Extract all relevant attributes from the list. */
+	    do
+	    {
+		pango_attr_iterator_range(iter, &start, &end);
+
+		if (index >= start && index < end)
+		    char_attr |= translate_pango_attributes(iter);
+	    }
+	    while (pango_attr_iterator_next(iter));
+
+	    pango_attr_iterator_destroy(iter);
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (attr_list != NULL)
+	pango_attr_list_unref(attr_list);
+    g_free(preedit_string);
+
+    return char_attr;
+}
+
+    void
+xim_init(void)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_init()\n");
+#endif
+
+    g_return_if_fail(gui.drawarea != NULL);
+    g_return_if_fail(gui.drawarea->window != NULL);
+
+    xic = gtk_im_multicontext_new();
+    g_object_ref(xic);
+
+    im_commit_handler_id = g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(xic), "commit",
+					    G_CALLBACK(&im_commit_cb), NULL);
+    g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(xic), "preedit_changed",
+		     G_CALLBACK(&im_preedit_changed_cb), NULL);
+    g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(xic), "preedit_start",
+		     G_CALLBACK(&im_preedit_start_cb), NULL);
+    g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(xic), "preedit_end",
+		     G_CALLBACK(&im_preedit_end_cb), NULL);
+
+    gtk_im_context_set_client_window(xic, gui.drawarea->window);
+}
+
+    void
+im_shutdown(void)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("im_shutdown()\n");
+#endif
+
+    if (xic != NULL)
+    {
+	gtk_im_context_focus_out(xic);
+	g_object_unref(xic);
+	xic = NULL;
+    }
+    im_is_active = FALSE;
+    im_commit_handler_id = 0;
+    preedit_start_col = MAXCOL;
+    xim_has_preediting = FALSE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert the string argument to keyval and state for GdkEventKey.
+ * If str is valid return TRUE, otherwise FALSE.
+ *
+ * See 'imactivatekey' for documentation of the format.
+ */
+    static int
+im_string_to_keyval(const char *str, unsigned int *keyval, unsigned int *state)
+{
+    const char	    *mods_end;
+    unsigned	    tmp_keyval;
+    unsigned	    tmp_state = 0;
+
+    mods_end = strrchr(str, '-');
+    mods_end = (mods_end != NULL) ? mods_end + 1 : str;
+
+    /* Parse modifier keys */
+    while (str < mods_end)
+	switch (*str++)
+	{
+	    case '-':							break;
+	    case 'S': case 's': tmp_state |= (unsigned)GDK_SHIFT_MASK;	break;
+	    case 'L': case 'l': tmp_state |= (unsigned)GDK_LOCK_MASK;	break;
+	    case 'C': case 'c': tmp_state |= (unsigned)GDK_CONTROL_MASK;break;
+	    case '1':		tmp_state |= (unsigned)GDK_MOD1_MASK;	break;
+	    case '2':		tmp_state |= (unsigned)GDK_MOD2_MASK;	break;
+	    case '3':		tmp_state |= (unsigned)GDK_MOD3_MASK;	break;
+	    case '4':		tmp_state |= (unsigned)GDK_MOD4_MASK;	break;
+	    case '5':		tmp_state |= (unsigned)GDK_MOD5_MASK;	break;
+	    default:
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+
+    tmp_keyval = gdk_keyval_from_name(str);
+
+    if (tmp_keyval == 0 || tmp_keyval == GDK_VoidSymbol)
+	return FALSE;
+
+    if (keyval != NULL)
+	*keyval = tmp_keyval;
+    if (state != NULL)
+	*state = tmp_state;
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if p_imak is valid, otherwise FALSE.  As a special case, an
+ * empty string is also regarded as valid.
+ *
+ * Note: The numerical key value of p_imak is cached if it was valid; thus
+ * boldly assuming im_xim_isvalid_imactivate() will always be called whenever
+ * 'imak' changes.  This is currently the case but not obvious -- should
+ * probably rename the function for clarity.
+ */
+    int
+im_xim_isvalid_imactivate(void)
+{
+    if (p_imak[0] == NUL)
+    {
+	im_activatekey_keyval = GDK_VoidSymbol;
+	im_activatekey_state  = 0;
+	return TRUE;
+    }
+
+    return im_string_to_keyval((const char *)p_imak,
+			       &im_activatekey_keyval,
+			       &im_activatekey_state);
+}
+
+    static void
+im_synthesize_keypress(unsigned int keyval, unsigned int state)
+{
+    GdkEventKey *event;
+
+#  ifdef HAVE_GTK_MULTIHEAD
+    event = (GdkEventKey *)gdk_event_new(GDK_KEY_PRESS);
+    g_object_ref(gui.drawarea->window); /* unreffed by gdk_event_free() */
+#  else
+    event = (GdkEventKey *)g_malloc0((gulong)sizeof(GdkEvent));
+    event->type = GDK_KEY_PRESS;
+#  endif
+    event->window = gui.drawarea->window;
+    event->send_event = TRUE;
+    event->time = GDK_CURRENT_TIME;
+    event->state  = state;
+    event->keyval = keyval;
+    event->hardware_keycode = /* needed for XIM */
+	XKeysymToKeycode(GDK_WINDOW_XDISPLAY(event->window), (KeySym)keyval);
+    event->length = 0;
+    event->string = NULL;
+
+    gtk_im_context_filter_keypress(xic, event);
+
+    /* For consistency, also send the corresponding release event. */
+    event->type = GDK_KEY_RELEASE;
+    event->send_event = FALSE;
+    gtk_im_context_filter_keypress(xic, event);
+
+#  ifdef HAVE_GTK_MULTIHEAD
+    gdk_event_free((GdkEvent *)event);
+#  else
+    g_free(event);
+#  endif
+}
+
+    void
+xim_reset(void)
+{
+    if (xic != NULL)
+    {
+	/*
+	 * The third-party imhangul module (and maybe others too) ignores
+	 * gtk_im_context_reset() or at least doesn't reset the active state.
+	 * Thus sending imactivatekey would turn it off if it was on before,
+	 * which is clearly not what we want.  Fortunately we can work around
+	 * that for imhangul by sending GDK_Escape, but I don't know if it
+	 * works with all IM modules that support an activation key :/
+	 *
+	 * An alternative approach would be to destroy the IM context and
+	 * recreate it.  But that means loading/unloading the IM module on
+	 * every mode switch, which causes a quite noticable delay even on
+	 * my rather fast box...
+	 * *
+	 * Moreover, there are some XIM which cannot respond to
+	 * im_synthesize_keypress(). we hope that they reset by
+	 * xim_shutdown().
+	 */
+	if (im_activatekey_keyval != GDK_VoidSymbol && im_is_active)
+	    im_synthesize_keypress(GDK_Escape, 0U);
+
+	gtk_im_context_reset(xic);
+
+	/*
+	 * HACK for Ami: This sequence of function calls makes Ami handle
+	 * the IM reset gratiously, without breaking loads of other stuff.
+	 * It seems to force English mode as well, which is exactly what we
+	 * want because it makes the Ami status display work reliably.
+	 */
+	gtk_im_context_set_use_preedit(xic, FALSE);
+
+	if (p_imdisable)
+	    im_shutdown();
+	else
+	{
+	    gtk_im_context_set_use_preedit(xic, TRUE);
+	    xim_set_focus(gui.in_focus);
+
+	    if (im_activatekey_keyval != GDK_VoidSymbol)
+	    {
+		if (im_is_active)
+		{
+		    g_signal_handler_block(xic, im_commit_handler_id);
+		    im_synthesize_keypress(im_activatekey_keyval,
+						    im_activatekey_state);
+		    g_signal_handler_unblock(xic, im_commit_handler_id);
+		}
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		im_shutdown();
+		xim_init();
+		xim_set_focus(gui.in_focus);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    preedit_start_col = MAXCOL;
+    xim_has_preediting = FALSE;
+}
+
+    int
+xim_queue_key_press_event(GdkEventKey *event, int down)
+{
+    if (down)
+    {
+	/*
+	 * Workaround GTK2 XIM 'feature' that always converts keypad keys to
+	 * chars., even when not part of an IM sequence (ref. feature of
+	 * gdk/gdkkeyuni.c).
+	 * Flag any keypad keys that might represent a single char.
+	 * If this (on its own - i.e., not part of an IM sequence) is
+	 * committed while we're processing one of these keys, we can ignore
+	 * that commit and go ahead & process it ourselves.  That way we can
+	 * still distinguish keypad keys for use in mappings.
+	 */
+	switch (event->keyval)
+	{
+	    case GDK_KP_Add:      xim_expected_char = '+';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_Subtract: xim_expected_char = '-';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_Divide:   xim_expected_char = '/';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_Multiply: xim_expected_char = '*';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_Decimal:  xim_expected_char = '.';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_Equal:    xim_expected_char = '=';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_0:	  xim_expected_char = '0';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_1:	  xim_expected_char = '1';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_2:	  xim_expected_char = '2';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_3:	  xim_expected_char = '3';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_4:	  xim_expected_char = '4';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_5:	  xim_expected_char = '5';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_6:	  xim_expected_char = '6';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_7:	  xim_expected_char = '7';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_8:	  xim_expected_char = '8';  break;
+	    case GDK_KP_9:	  xim_expected_char = '9';  break;
+	    default:		  xim_expected_char = NUL;
+	}
+	xim_ignored_char = FALSE;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * When typing fFtT, XIM may be activated. Thus it must pass
+     * gtk_im_context_filter_keypress() in Normal mode.
+     * And while doing :sh too.
+     */
+    if (xic != NULL && !p_imdisable
+		    && (State & (INSERT | CMDLINE | NORMAL | EXTERNCMD)) != 0)
+    {
+	/*
+	 * Filter 'imactivatekey' and map it to CTRL-^.  This way, Vim is
+	 * always aware of the current status of IM, and can even emulate
+	 * the activation key for modules that don't support one.
+	 */
+	if (event->keyval == im_activatekey_keyval
+	     && (event->state & im_activatekey_state) == im_activatekey_state)
+	{
+	    unsigned int state_mask;
+
+	    /* Require the state of the 3 most used modifiers to match exactly.
+	     * Otherwise e.g. <S-C-space> would be unusable for other purposes
+	     * if the IM activate key is <S-space>. */
+	    state_mask  = im_activatekey_state;
+	    state_mask |= ((int)GDK_SHIFT_MASK | (int)GDK_CONTROL_MASK
+							| (int)GDK_MOD1_MASK);
+
+	    if ((event->state & state_mask) != im_activatekey_state)
+		return FALSE;
+
+	    /* Don't send it a second time on GDK_KEY_RELEASE. */
+	    if (event->type != GDK_KEY_PRESS)
+		return TRUE;
+
+	    if (map_to_exists_mode((char_u *)"", LANGMAP))
+	    {
+		im_set_active(FALSE);
+
+		/* ":lmap" mappings exists, toggle use of mappings. */
+		State ^= LANGMAP;
+		if (State & LANGMAP)
+		{
+		    curbuf->b_p_iminsert = B_IMODE_NONE;
+		    State &= ~LANGMAP;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+		    curbuf->b_p_iminsert = B_IMODE_LMAP;
+		    State |= LANGMAP;
+		}
+		return TRUE;
+	    }
+
+	    return gtk_im_context_filter_keypress(xic, event);
+	}
+
+	/* Don't filter events through the IM context if IM isn't active
+	 * right now.  Unlike with GTK+ 1.2 we cannot rely on the IM module
+	 * not doing anything before the activation key was sent. */
+	if (im_activatekey_keyval == GDK_VoidSymbol || im_is_active)
+	{
+	    int imresult = gtk_im_context_filter_keypress(xic, event);
+
+	    /* Some XIM send following sequence:
+	     * 1. preedited string.
+	     * 2. committed string.
+	     * 3. line changed key.
+	     * 4. preedited string.
+	     * 5. remove preedited string.
+	     * if 3, Vim can't move back the above line for 5.
+	     * thus, this part should not parse the key. */
+	    if (!imresult && preedit_start_col != MAXCOL
+					       && event->keyval == GDK_Return)
+	    {
+		im_synthesize_keypress(GDK_Return, 0U);
+		return FALSE;
+	    }
+
+	    /* If XIM tried to commit a keypad key as a single char.,
+	     * ignore it so we can use the keypad key 'raw', for mappings. */
+	    if (xim_expected_char != NUL && xim_ignored_char)
+		/* We had a keypad key, and XIM tried to thieve it */
+		return FALSE;
+
+	    /* Normal processing */
+	    return imresult;
+	}
+    }
+
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+    int
+im_get_status(void)
+{
+    return im_is_active;
+}
+
+# else /* !HAVE_GTK2 */
+
+static int	xim_is_active = FALSE;  /* XIM should be active in the current
+					   mode */
+static int	xim_has_focus = FALSE;	/* XIM is really being used for Vim */
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_X11
+static XIMStyle	input_style;
+static int	status_area_enabled = TRUE;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+# ifdef WIN3264
+#  include <gdk/gdkwin32.h>
+# else
+#  include <gdk/gdkx.h>
+# endif
+#else
+# ifdef PROTO
+/* Define a few things to be able to generate prototypes while not configured
+ * for GTK. */
+#  define GSList int
+#  define gboolean int
+   typedef int GdkEvent;
+   typedef int GdkEventKey;
+#  define GdkIC int
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_GUI_GTK) || defined(PROTO)
+static int	preedit_buf_len = 0;
+static int	xim_can_preediting INIT(= FALSE);	/* XIM in showmode() */
+static int	xim_input_style;
+#ifndef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+# define gboolean int
+#endif
+static gboolean	use_status_area = 0;
+
+static int im_xim_str2keycode __ARGS((unsigned int *code, unsigned int *state));
+static void im_xim_send_event_imactivate __ARGS((void));
+
+/*
+ * Convert string to keycode and state for XKeyEvent.
+ * When string is valid return OK, when invalid return FAIL.
+ *
+ * See 'imactivatekey' documentation for the format.
+ */
+    static int
+im_xim_str2keycode(code, state)
+    unsigned int *code;
+    unsigned int *state;
+{
+    int		retval = OK;
+    int		len;
+    unsigned	keycode = 0, keystate = 0;
+    Window	window;
+    Display	*display;
+    char_u	*flag_end;
+    char_u	*str;
+
+    if (*p_imak != NUL)
+    {
+	len = STRLEN(p_imak);
+	for (flag_end = p_imak + len - 1;
+			    flag_end > p_imak && *flag_end != '-'; --flag_end)
+	    ;
+
+	/* Parse modifier keys */
+	for (str = p_imak; str < flag_end; ++str)
+	{
+	    switch (*str)
+	    {
+		case 's': case 'S':
+		    keystate |= ShiftMask;
+		    break;
+		case 'l': case 'L':
+		    keystate |= LockMask;
+		    break;
+		case 'c': case 'C':
+		    keystate |= ControlMask;
+		    break;
+		case '1':
+		    keystate |= Mod1Mask;
+		    break;
+		case '2':
+		    keystate |= Mod2Mask;
+		    break;
+		case '3':
+		    keystate |= Mod3Mask;
+		    break;
+		case '4':
+		    keystate |= Mod4Mask;
+		    break;
+		case '5':
+		    keystate |= Mod5Mask;
+		    break;
+		case '-':
+		    break;
+		default:
+		    retval = FAIL;
+	    }
+	}
+	if (*str == '-')
+	    ++str;
+
+	/* Get keycode from string. */
+	gui_get_x11_windis(&window, &display);
+	if (display)
+	    keycode = XKeysymToKeycode(display, XStringToKeysym((char *)str));
+	if (keycode == 0)
+	    retval = FAIL;
+
+	if (code != NULL)
+	    *code = keycode;
+	if (state != NULL)
+	    *state = keystate;
+    }
+    return retval;
+}
+
+    static void
+im_xim_send_event_imactivate()
+{
+    /* Force turn on preedit state by symulate keypress event.
+     * Keycode and state is specified by 'imactivatekey'.
+     */
+    XKeyEvent ev;
+
+    gui_get_x11_windis(&ev.window, &ev.display);
+    ev.root = RootWindow(ev.display, DefaultScreen(ev.display));
+    ev.subwindow = None;
+    ev.time = CurrentTime;
+    ev.x = 1;
+    ev.y = 1;
+    ev.x_root = 1;
+    ev.y_root = 1;
+    ev.same_screen = 1;
+    ev.type = KeyPress;
+    if (im_xim_str2keycode(&ev.keycode, &ev.state) == OK)
+	XSendEvent(ev.display, ev.window, 1, KeyPressMask, (XEvent*)&ev);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return TRUE if 'imactivatekey' has a valid value.
+ */
+    int
+im_xim_isvalid_imactivate()
+{
+    return im_xim_str2keycode(NULL, NULL) == OK;
+}
+#endif /* FEAT_GUI_GTK */
+
+/*
+ * Switch using XIM on/off.  This is used by the code that changes "State".
+ */
+    void
+im_set_active(active)
+    int		active;
+{
+    if (xic == NULL)
+	return;
+
+    /* If 'imdisable' is set, XIM is never active. */
+    if (p_imdisable)
+	active = FALSE;
+#ifndef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+    else if (input_style & XIMPreeditPosition)
+	/* There is a problem in switching XIM off when preediting is used,
+	 * and it is not clear how this can be solved.  For now, keep XIM on
+	 * all the time, like it was done in Vim 5.8. */
+	active = TRUE;
+#endif
+
+    /* Remember the active state, it is needed when Vim gets keyboard focus. */
+    xim_is_active = active;
+
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+    /* When 'imactivatekey' has valid key-string, try to control XIM preedit
+     * state.  When 'imactivatekey' has no or invalid string, try old XIM
+     * focus control.
+     */
+    if (*p_imak != NUL)
+    {
+	/* BASIC STRATEGY:
+	 * Destroy old Input Context (XIC), and create new one.  New XIC
+	 * would have a state of preedit that is off.  When argument:active
+	 * is false, that's all.  Else argument:active is true, send a key
+	 * event specified by 'imactivatekey' to activate XIM preedit state.
+	 */
+
+	xim_is_active = TRUE; /* Disable old XIM focus control */
+	/* If we can monitor preedit state with preedit callback functions,
+	 * try least creation of new XIC.
+	 */
+	if (xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_CALLBACKS)
+	{
+	    if (xim_can_preediting && !active)
+	    {
+		/* Force turn off preedit state.  With some IM
+		 * implementations, we cannot turn off preedit state by
+		 * symulate keypress event.  It is why using such a method
+		 * that destroy old IC (input context), and create new one.
+		 * When create new IC, its preedit state is usually off.
+		 */
+		xim_reset();
+		xim_set_focus(FALSE);
+		gdk_ic_destroy(xic);
+		xim_init();
+		xim_can_preediting = FALSE;
+	    }
+	    else if (!xim_can_preediting && active)
+		im_xim_send_event_imactivate();
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    /* First, force destroy old IC, and create new one.  It
+	     * symulates "turning off preedit state".
+	     */
+	    xim_set_focus(FALSE);
+	    gdk_ic_destroy(xic);
+	    xim_init();
+	    xim_can_preediting = FALSE;
+
+	    /* 2nd, when requested to activate IM, symulate this by sending
+	     * the event.
+	     */
+	    if (active)
+	    {
+		im_xim_send_event_imactivate();
+		xim_can_preediting = TRUE;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    else
+    {
+# ifndef XIMPreeditUnKnown
+	/* X11R5 doesn't have these, it looks safe enough to define here. */
+	typedef unsigned long XIMPreeditState;
+#  define XIMPreeditUnKnown	0L
+#  define XIMPreeditEnable	1L
+#  define XIMPreeditDisable	(1L<<1)
+#  define XNPreeditState	"preeditState"
+# endif
+	XIMPreeditState preedit_state = XIMPreeditUnKnown;
+	XVaNestedList preedit_attr;
+	XIC pxic;
+
+	preedit_attr = XVaCreateNestedList(0,
+				XNPreeditState, &preedit_state,
+				NULL);
+	pxic = ((GdkICPrivate *)xic)->xic;
+
+	if (!XGetICValues(pxic, XNPreeditAttributes, preedit_attr, NULL))
+	{
+	    XFree(preedit_attr);
+	    preedit_attr = XVaCreateNestedList(0,
+				XNPreeditState,
+				active ? XIMPreeditEnable : XIMPreeditDisable,
+				NULL);
+	    XSetICValues(pxic, XNPreeditAttributes, preedit_attr, NULL);
+	    xim_can_preediting = active;
+	    xim_is_active = active;
+	}
+	XFree(preedit_attr);
+    }
+    if (xim_input_style & XIMPreeditCallbacks)
+    {
+	preedit_buf_len = 0;
+	init_preedit_start_col();
+    }
+#else
+# if 0
+	/* When had tested kinput2 + canna + Athena GUI version with
+	 * 'imactivatekey' is "s-space", im_xim_send_event_imactivate() did not
+	 * work correctly.  It just inserted one space.  I don't know why we
+	 * couldn't switch state of XIM preediting.  This is reason why these
+	 * codes are commented out.
+	 */
+	/* First, force destroy old IC, and create new one.  It symulates
+	 * "turning off preedit state".
+	 */
+	xim_set_focus(FALSE);
+	XDestroyIC(xic);
+	xic = NULL;
+	xim_init();
+
+	/* 2nd, when requested to activate IM, symulate this by sending the
+	 * event.
+	 */
+	if (active)
+	    im_xim_send_event_imactivate();
+# endif
+#endif
+    xim_set_preedit();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Adjust using XIM for gaining or losing keyboard focus.  Also called when
+ * "xim_is_active" changes.
+ */
+    void
+xim_set_focus(focus)
+    int		focus;
+{
+    if (xic == NULL)
+	return;
+
+    /*
+     * XIM only gets focus when the Vim window has keyboard focus and XIM has
+     * been set active for the current mode.
+     */
+    if (focus && xim_is_active)
+    {
+	if (!xim_has_focus)
+	{
+	    xim_has_focus = TRUE;
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+	    gdk_im_begin(xic, gui.drawarea->window);
+#else
+	    XSetICFocus(xic);
+#endif
+	}
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	if (xim_has_focus)
+	{
+	    xim_has_focus = FALSE;
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+	    gdk_im_end();
+#else
+	    XUnsetICFocus(xic);
+#endif
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    void
+im_set_position(row, col)
+    int		row;
+    int		col;
+{
+    xim_set_preedit();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set the XIM to the current cursor position.
+ */
+    void
+xim_set_preedit()
+{
+    if (xic == NULL)
+	return;
+
+    xim_set_focus(TRUE);
+
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+    if (gdk_im_ready())
+    {
+	int		attrmask;
+	GdkICAttr	*attr;
+
+	if (!xic_attr)
+	    return;
+
+	attr = xic_attr;
+	attrmask = 0;
+
+# ifdef FEAT_XFONTSET
+	if ((xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_POSITION)
+		&& gui.fontset != NOFONTSET
+		&& gui.fontset->type == GDK_FONT_FONTSET)
+	{
+	    if (!xim_has_focus)
+	    {
+		if (attr->spot_location.y >= 0)
+		{
+		    attr->spot_location.x = 0;
+		    attr->spot_location.y = -100;
+		    attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_SPOT_LOCATION;
+		}
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		gint	width, height;
+
+		if (attr->spot_location.x != TEXT_X(gui.col)
+		    || attr->spot_location.y != TEXT_Y(gui.row))
+		{
+		    attr->spot_location.x = TEXT_X(gui.col);
+		    attr->spot_location.y = TEXT_Y(gui.row);
+		    attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_SPOT_LOCATION;
+		}
+
+		gdk_window_get_size(gui.drawarea->window, &width, &height);
+		width -= 2 * gui.border_offset;
+		height -= 2 * gui.border_offset;
+		if (xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_AREA)
+		    height -= gui.char_height;
+		if (attr->preedit_area.width != width
+		    || attr->preedit_area.height != height)
+		{
+		    attr->preedit_area.x = gui.border_offset;
+		    attr->preedit_area.y = gui.border_offset;
+		    attr->preedit_area.width = width;
+		    attr->preedit_area.height = height;
+		    attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_PREEDIT_AREA;
+		}
+
+		if (attr->preedit_fontset != gui.current_font)
+		{
+		    attr->preedit_fontset = gui.current_font;
+		    attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_PREEDIT_FONTSET;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+# endif /* FEAT_XFONTSET */
+
+	if (xim_fg_color == INVALCOLOR)
+	{
+	    xim_fg_color = gui.def_norm_pixel;
+	    xim_bg_color = gui.def_back_pixel;
+	}
+	if (attr->preedit_foreground.pixel != xim_fg_color)
+	{
+	    attr->preedit_foreground.pixel = xim_fg_color;
+	    attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_PREEDIT_FOREGROUND;
+	}
+	if (attr->preedit_background.pixel != xim_bg_color)
+	{
+	    attr->preedit_background.pixel = xim_bg_color;
+	    attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_PREEDIT_BACKGROUND;
+	}
+
+	if (attrmask != 0)
+	    gdk_ic_set_attr(xic, attr, (GdkICAttributesType)attrmask);
+    }
+#else /* FEAT_GUI_GTK */
+    {
+	XVaNestedList attr_list;
+	XRectangle spot_area;
+	XPoint over_spot;
+	int line_space;
+
+	if (!xim_has_focus)
+	{
+	    /* hide XIM cursor */
+	    over_spot.x = 0;
+	    over_spot.y = -100; /* arbitrary invisible position */
+	    attr_list = (XVaNestedList) XVaCreateNestedList(0,
+							    XNSpotLocation,
+							    &over_spot,
+							    NULL);
+	    XSetICValues(xic, XNPreeditAttributes, attr_list, NULL);
+	    XFree(attr_list);
+	    return;
+	}
+
+	if (input_style & XIMPreeditPosition)
+	{
+	    if (xim_fg_color == INVALCOLOR)
+	    {
+		xim_fg_color = gui.def_norm_pixel;
+		xim_bg_color = gui.def_back_pixel;
+	    }
+	    over_spot.x = TEXT_X(gui.col);
+	    over_spot.y = TEXT_Y(gui.row);
+	    spot_area.x = 0;
+	    spot_area.y = 0;
+	    spot_area.height = gui.char_height * Rows;
+	    spot_area.width  = gui.char_width * Columns;
+	    line_space = gui.char_height;
+	    attr_list = (XVaNestedList) XVaCreateNestedList(0,
+					    XNSpotLocation, &over_spot,
+					    XNForeground, (Pixel) xim_fg_color,
+					    XNBackground, (Pixel) xim_bg_color,
+					    XNArea, &spot_area,
+					    XNLineSpace, line_space,
+					    NULL);
+	    if (XSetICValues(xic, XNPreeditAttributes, attr_list, NULL))
+		EMSG(_("E284: Cannot set IC values"));
+	    XFree(attr_list);
+	}
+    }
+#endif /* FEAT_GUI_GTK */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set up the status area.
+ *
+ * This should use a separate Widget, but that seems not possible, because
+ * preedit_area and status_area should be set to the same window as for the
+ * text input.  Unfortunately this means the status area pollutes the text
+ * window...
+ */
+    void
+xim_set_status_area()
+{
+    if (xic == NULL)
+	return;
+
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+# if defined(FEAT_XFONTSET)
+    if (use_status_area)
+    {
+	GdkICAttr	*attr;
+	int		style;
+	gint		width, height;
+	GtkWidget	*widget;
+	int		attrmask;
+
+	if (!xic_attr)
+	    return;
+
+	attr = xic_attr;
+	attrmask = 0;
+	style = (int)gdk_ic_get_style(xic);
+	if ((style & (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_MASK) == (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_AREA)
+	{
+	    if (gui.fontset != NOFONTSET
+		    && gui.fontset->type == GDK_FONT_FONTSET)
+	    {
+		widget = gui.mainwin;
+		gdk_window_get_size(widget->window, &width, &height);
+
+		attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_STATUS_AREA;
+		attr->status_area.x = 0;
+		attr->status_area.y = height - gui.char_height - 1;
+		attr->status_area.width = width;
+		attr->status_area.height = gui.char_height;
+	    }
+	}
+	if (attrmask != 0)
+	    gdk_ic_set_attr(xic, attr, (GdkICAttributesType)attrmask);
+    }
+# endif
+#else
+    {
+	XVaNestedList preedit_list = 0, status_list = 0, list = 0;
+	XRectangle pre_area, status_area;
+
+	if (input_style & XIMStatusArea)
+	{
+	    if (input_style & XIMPreeditArea)
+	    {
+		XRectangle *needed_rect;
+
+		/* to get status_area width */
+		status_list = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNAreaNeeded,
+						  &needed_rect, NULL);
+		XGetICValues(xic, XNStatusAttributes, status_list, NULL);
+		XFree(status_list);
+
+		status_area.width = needed_rect->width;
+	    }
+	    else
+		status_area.width = gui.char_width * Columns;
+
+	    status_area.x = 0;
+	    status_area.y = gui.char_height * Rows + gui.border_offset;
+	    if (gui.which_scrollbars[SBAR_BOTTOM])
+		status_area.y += gui.scrollbar_height;
+#ifdef FEAT_MENU
+	    if (gui.menu_is_active)
+		status_area.y += gui.menu_height;
+#endif
+	    status_area.height = gui.char_height;
+	    status_list = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNArea, &status_area, NULL);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    status_area.x = 0;
+	    status_area.y = gui.char_height * Rows + gui.border_offset;
+	    if (gui.which_scrollbars[SBAR_BOTTOM])
+		status_area.y += gui.scrollbar_height;
+#ifdef FEAT_MENU
+	    if (gui.menu_is_active)
+		status_area.y += gui.menu_height;
+#endif
+	    status_area.width = 0;
+	    status_area.height = gui.char_height;
+	}
+
+	if (input_style & XIMPreeditArea)   /* off-the-spot */
+	{
+	    pre_area.x = status_area.x + status_area.width;
+	    pre_area.y = gui.char_height * Rows + gui.border_offset;
+	    pre_area.width = gui.char_width * Columns - pre_area.x;
+	    if (gui.which_scrollbars[SBAR_BOTTOM])
+		pre_area.y += gui.scrollbar_height;
+#ifdef FEAT_MENU
+	    if (gui.menu_is_active)
+		pre_area.y += gui.menu_height;
+#endif
+	    pre_area.height = gui.char_height;
+	    preedit_list = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNArea, &pre_area, NULL);
+	}
+	else if (input_style & XIMPreeditPosition)   /* over-the-spot */
+	{
+	    pre_area.x = 0;
+	    pre_area.y = 0;
+	    pre_area.height = gui.char_height * Rows;
+	    pre_area.width = gui.char_width * Columns;
+	    preedit_list = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNArea, &pre_area, NULL);
+	}
+
+	if (preedit_list && status_list)
+	    list = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNPreeditAttributes, preedit_list,
+				       XNStatusAttributes, status_list, NULL);
+	else if (preedit_list)
+	    list = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNPreeditAttributes, preedit_list,
+				       NULL);
+	else if (status_list)
+	    list = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNStatusAttributes, status_list,
+				       NULL);
+	else
+	    list = NULL;
+
+	if (list)
+	{
+	    XSetICValues(xic, XNVaNestedList, list, NULL);
+	    XFree(list);
+	}
+	if (status_list)
+	    XFree(status_list);
+	if (preedit_list)
+	    XFree(preedit_list);
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+#if defined(FEAT_GUI_X11) || defined(FEAT_GUI_GTK)
+static char e_xim[] = N_("E285: Failed to create input context");
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FEAT_GUI_X11) || defined(PROTO)
+# if defined(XtSpecificationRelease) && XtSpecificationRelease >= 6 && !defined(sun)
+#  define USE_X11R6_XIM
+# endif
+
+static int xim_real_init __ARGS((Window x11_window, Display *x11_display));
+
+
+#ifdef USE_X11R6_XIM
+static void xim_instantiate_cb __ARGS((Display *display, XPointer client_data, XPointer	call_data));
+static void xim_destroy_cb __ARGS((XIM im, XPointer client_data, XPointer call_data));
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+xim_instantiate_cb(display, client_data, call_data)
+    Display	*display;
+    XPointer	client_data;
+    XPointer	call_data;
+{
+    Window	x11_window;
+    Display	*x11_display;
+
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_instantiate_cb()\n");
+#endif
+
+    gui_get_x11_windis(&x11_window, &x11_display);
+    if (display != x11_display)
+	return;
+
+    xim_real_init(x11_window, x11_display);
+    gui_set_shellsize(FALSE, FALSE);
+    if (xic != NULL)
+	XUnregisterIMInstantiateCallback(x11_display, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+					 xim_instantiate_cb, NULL);
+}
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+xim_destroy_cb(im, client_data, call_data)
+    XIM		im;
+    XPointer	client_data;
+    XPointer	call_data;
+{
+    Window	x11_window;
+    Display	*x11_display;
+
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_destroy_cb()\n");
+#endif
+    gui_get_x11_windis(&x11_window, &x11_display);
+
+    xic = NULL;
+    status_area_enabled = FALSE;
+
+    gui_set_shellsize(FALSE, FALSE);
+
+    XRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(x11_display, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+				   xim_instantiate_cb, NULL);
+}
+#endif
+
+    void
+xim_init()
+{
+    Window	x11_window;
+    Display	*x11_display;
+
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_init()\n");
+#endif
+
+    gui_get_x11_windis(&x11_window, &x11_display);
+
+    xic = NULL;
+
+    if (xim_real_init(x11_window, x11_display))
+	return;
+
+    gui_set_shellsize(FALSE, FALSE);
+
+#ifdef USE_X11R6_XIM
+    XRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(x11_display, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+				   xim_instantiate_cb, NULL);
+#endif
+}
+
+    static int
+xim_real_init(x11_window, x11_display)
+    Window	x11_window;
+    Display	*x11_display;
+{
+    int		i;
+    char	*p,
+		*s,
+		*ns,
+		*end,
+		tmp[1024];
+#define IMLEN_MAX 40
+    char	buf[IMLEN_MAX + 7];
+    XIM		xim = NULL;
+    XIMStyles	*xim_styles;
+    XIMStyle	this_input_style = 0;
+    Boolean	found;
+    XPoint	over_spot;
+    XVaNestedList preedit_list, status_list;
+
+    input_style = 0;
+    status_area_enabled = FALSE;
+
+    if (xic != NULL)
+	return FALSE;
+
+    if (gui.rsrc_input_method != NULL && *gui.rsrc_input_method != NUL)
+    {
+	strcpy(tmp, gui.rsrc_input_method);
+	for (ns = s = tmp; ns != NULL && *s != NUL;)
+	{
+	    s = (char *)skipwhite((char_u *)s);
+	    if (*s == NUL)
+		break;
+	    if ((ns = end = strchr(s, ',')) == NULL)
+		end = s + strlen(s);
+	    while (isspace(((char_u *)end)[-1]))
+		end--;
+	    *end = NUL;
+
+	    if (strlen(s) <= IMLEN_MAX)
+	    {
+		strcpy(buf, "@im=");
+		strcat(buf, s);
+		if ((p = XSetLocaleModifiers(buf)) != NULL && *p != NUL
+			&& (xim = XOpenIM(x11_display, NULL, NULL, NULL))
+								      != NULL)
+		    break;
+	    }
+
+	    s = ns + 1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (xim == NULL && (p = XSetLocaleModifiers("")) != NULL && *p != NUL)
+	xim = XOpenIM(x11_display, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+
+    /* This is supposed to be useful to obtain characters through
+     * XmbLookupString() without really using a XIM. */
+    if (xim == NULL && (p = XSetLocaleModifiers("@im=none")) != NULL
+								 && *p != NUL)
+	xim = XOpenIM(x11_display, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+
+    if (xim == NULL)
+    {
+	/* Only give this message when verbose is set, because too many people
+	 * got this message when they didn't want to use a XIM. */
+	if (p_verbose > 0)
+	    EMSG(_("E286: Failed to open input method"));
+	return FALSE;
+    }
+
+#ifdef USE_X11R6_XIM
+    {
+	XIMCallback destroy_cb;
+
+	destroy_cb.callback = xim_destroy_cb;
+	destroy_cb.client_data = NULL;
+	if (XSetIMValues(xim, XNDestroyCallback, &destroy_cb, NULL))
+	    EMSG(_("E287: Warning: Could not set destroy callback to IM"));
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (XGetIMValues(xim, XNQueryInputStyle, &xim_styles, NULL) || !xim_styles)
+    {
+	EMSG(_("E288: input method doesn't support any style"));
+	XCloseIM(xim);
+	return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    found = False;
+    strcpy(tmp, gui.rsrc_preedit_type_name);
+    for (s = tmp; s && !found; )
+    {
+	while (*s && isspace((unsigned char)*s))
+	    s++;
+	if (!*s)
+	    break;
+	if ((ns = end = strchr(s, ',')) != 0)
+	    ns++;
+	else
+	    end = s + strlen(s);
+	while (isspace((unsigned char)*end))
+	    end--;
+	*end = '\0';
+
+	if (!strcmp(s, "OverTheSpot"))
+	    this_input_style = (XIMPreeditPosition | XIMStatusArea);
+	else if (!strcmp(s, "OffTheSpot"))
+	    this_input_style = (XIMPreeditArea | XIMStatusArea);
+	else if (!strcmp(s, "Root"))
+	    this_input_style = (XIMPreeditNothing | XIMStatusNothing);
+
+	for (i = 0; (unsigned short)i < xim_styles->count_styles; i++)
+	{
+	    if (this_input_style == xim_styles->supported_styles[i])
+	    {
+		found = True;
+		break;
+	    }
+	}
+	if (!found)
+	    for (i = 0; (unsigned short)i < xim_styles->count_styles; i++)
+	    {
+		if ((xim_styles->supported_styles[i] & this_input_style)
+			== (this_input_style & ~XIMStatusArea))
+		{
+		    this_input_style &= ~XIMStatusArea;
+		    found = True;
+		    break;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	s = ns;
+    }
+    XFree(xim_styles);
+
+    if (!found)
+    {
+	/* Only give this message when verbose is set, because too many people
+	 * got this message when they didn't want to use a XIM. */
+	if (p_verbose > 0)
+	    EMSG(_("E289: input method doesn't support my preedit type"));
+	XCloseIM(xim);
+	return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    over_spot.x = TEXT_X(gui.col);
+    over_spot.y = TEXT_Y(gui.row);
+    input_style = this_input_style;
+
+    /* A crash was reported when trying to pass gui.norm_font as XNFontSet,
+     * thus that has been removed.  Hopefully the default works... */
+#ifdef FEAT_XFONTSET
+    if (gui.fontset != NOFONTSET)
+    {
+	preedit_list = XVaCreateNestedList(0,
+				XNSpotLocation, &over_spot,
+				XNForeground, (Pixel)gui.def_norm_pixel,
+				XNBackground, (Pixel)gui.def_back_pixel,
+				XNFontSet, (XFontSet)gui.fontset,
+				NULL);
+	status_list = XVaCreateNestedList(0,
+				XNForeground, (Pixel)gui.def_norm_pixel,
+				XNBackground, (Pixel)gui.def_back_pixel,
+				XNFontSet, (XFontSet)gui.fontset,
+				NULL);
+    }
+    else
+#endif
+    {
+	preedit_list = XVaCreateNestedList(0,
+				XNSpotLocation, &over_spot,
+				XNForeground, (Pixel)gui.def_norm_pixel,
+				XNBackground, (Pixel)gui.def_back_pixel,
+				NULL);
+	status_list = XVaCreateNestedList(0,
+				XNForeground, (Pixel)gui.def_norm_pixel,
+				XNBackground, (Pixel)gui.def_back_pixel,
+				NULL);
+    }
+
+    xic = XCreateIC(xim,
+		    XNInputStyle, input_style,
+		    XNClientWindow, x11_window,
+		    XNFocusWindow, gui.wid,
+		    XNPreeditAttributes, preedit_list,
+		    XNStatusAttributes, status_list,
+		    NULL);
+    XFree(status_list);
+    XFree(preedit_list);
+    if (xic != NULL)
+    {
+	if (input_style & XIMStatusArea)
+	{
+	    xim_set_status_area();
+	    status_area_enabled = TRUE;
+	}
+	else
+	    gui_set_shellsize(FALSE, FALSE);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	EMSG(_(e_xim));
+	XCloseIM(xim);
+	return FALSE;
+    }
+
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+#endif /* FEAT_GUI_X11 */
+
+#if defined(FEAT_GUI_GTK) || defined(PROTO)
+
+# ifdef FEAT_XFONTSET
+static char e_overthespot[] = N_("E290: over-the-spot style requires fontset");
+# endif
+
+# ifdef PROTO
+typedef int GdkIC;
+# endif
+
+    void
+xim_decide_input_style()
+{
+    /* GDK_IM_STATUS_CALLBACKS was disabled, enabled it to allow Japanese
+     * OverTheSpot. */
+    int supported_style = (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_NONE |
+				 (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_NOTHING |
+				 (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_POSITION |
+				 (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_CALLBACKS |
+				 (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_CALLBACKS |
+				 (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_AREA |
+				 (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_NONE |
+				 (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_NOTHING;
+
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_decide_input_style()\n");
+#endif
+
+    if (!gdk_im_ready())
+	xim_input_style = 0;
+    else
+    {
+	if (gtk_major_version > 1
+		|| (gtk_major_version == 1
+		    && (gtk_minor_version > 2
+			|| (gtk_minor_version == 2 && gtk_micro_version >= 3))))
+	    use_status_area = TRUE;
+	else
+	{
+	    EMSG(_("E291: Your GTK+ is older than 1.2.3. Status area disabled"));
+	    use_status_area = FALSE;
+	}
+#ifdef FEAT_XFONTSET
+	if (gui.fontset == NOFONTSET || gui.fontset->type != GDK_FONT_FONTSET)
+#endif
+	    supported_style &= ~((int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_POSITION
+						   | (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_AREA);
+	if (!use_status_area)
+	    supported_style &= ~(int)GDK_IM_STATUS_AREA;
+	xim_input_style = (int)gdk_im_decide_style((GdkIMStyle)supported_style);
+    }
+}
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+preedit_start_cbproc(XIC xic, XPointer client_data, XPointer call_data)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_decide_input_style()\n");
+#endif
+
+    draw_feedback = NULL;
+    xim_can_preediting = TRUE;
+    xim_has_preediting = TRUE;
+    gui_update_cursor(TRUE, FALSE);
+    if (showmode() > 0)
+    {
+	setcursor();
+	out_flush();
+    }
+}
+
+    static void
+xim_back_delete(int n)
+{
+    char_u str[3];
+
+    str[0] = CSI;
+    str[1] = 'k';
+    str[2] = 'b';
+    while (n-- > 0)
+	add_to_input_buf(str, 3);
+}
+
+static GSList *key_press_event_queue = NULL;
+static gboolean processing_queued_event = FALSE;
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+preedit_draw_cbproc(XIC xic, XPointer client_data, XPointer call_data)
+{
+    XIMPreeditDrawCallbackStruct *draw_data;
+    XIMText	*text;
+    char	*src;
+    GSList	*event_queue;
+
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("preedit_draw_cbproc()\n");
+#endif
+
+    draw_data = (XIMPreeditDrawCallbackStruct *) call_data;
+    text = (XIMText *) draw_data->text;
+
+    if ((text == NULL && draw_data->chg_length == preedit_buf_len)
+						      || preedit_buf_len == 0)
+    {
+	init_preedit_start_col();
+	vim_free(draw_feedback);
+	draw_feedback = NULL;
+    }
+    if (draw_data->chg_length > 0)
+    {
+	int bs_cnt;
+
+	if (draw_data->chg_length > preedit_buf_len)
+	    bs_cnt = preedit_buf_len;
+	else
+	    bs_cnt = draw_data->chg_length;
+	xim_back_delete(bs_cnt);
+	preedit_buf_len -= bs_cnt;
+    }
+    if (text != NULL)
+    {
+	int		len;
+#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
+	char_u		*buf = NULL;
+	unsigned int	nfeedback = 0;
+#endif
+	char_u		*ptr;
+
+	src = text->string.multi_byte;
+	if (src != NULL && !text->encoding_is_wchar)
+	{
+	    len = strlen(src);
+	    ptr = (char_u *)src;
+	    /* Avoid the enter for decision */
+	    if (*ptr == '\n')
+		return;
+
+#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
+	    if (input_conv.vc_type != CONV_NONE
+		    && (buf = string_convert(&input_conv,
+						 (char_u *)src, &len)) != NULL)
+	    {
+		/* Converted from 'termencoding' to 'encoding'. */
+		add_to_input_buf_csi(buf, len);
+		ptr = buf;
+	    }
+	    else
+#endif
+		add_to_input_buf_csi((char_u *)src, len);
+	    /* Add count of character to preedit_buf_len  */
+	    while (*ptr != NUL)
+	    {
+#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
+		if (draw_data->text->feedback != NULL)
+		{
+		    if (draw_feedback == NULL)
+			draw_feedback = (char *)alloc(draw_data->chg_first
+							      + text->length);
+		    else
+			draw_feedback = realloc(draw_feedback,
+					 draw_data->chg_first + text->length);
+		    if (draw_feedback != NULL)
+		    {
+			draw_feedback[nfeedback + draw_data->chg_first]
+				       = draw_data->text->feedback[nfeedback];
+			nfeedback++;
+		    }
+		}
+		if (has_mbyte)
+		    ptr += mb_ptr2len_check(ptr);
+		else
+#endif
+		    ptr++;
+		preedit_buf_len++;
+	    }
+#ifdef FEAT_MBYTE
+	    vim_free(buf);
+#endif
+	    preedit_end_col = MAXCOL;
+	}
+    }
+    if (text != NULL || draw_data->chg_length > 0)
+    {
+	event_queue = key_press_event_queue;
+	processing_queued_event = TRUE;
+	while (event_queue != NULL && processing_queued_event)
+	{
+	    GdkEvent *ev = event_queue->data;
+
+	    gboolean *ret;
+	    gtk_signal_emit_by_name((GtkObject*)gui.mainwin, "key_press_event",
+								    ev, &ret);
+	    gdk_event_free(ev);
+	    event_queue = event_queue->next;
+	}
+	processing_queued_event = FALSE;
+	if (key_press_event_queue)
+	{
+	    g_slist_free(key_press_event_queue);
+	    key_press_event_queue = NULL;
+	}
+    }
+    if (gtk_main_level() > 0)
+	gtk_main_quit();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Retrieve the highlighting attributes at column col in the preedit string.
+ * Return -1 if not in preediting mode or if col is out of range.
+ */
+    int
+im_get_feedback_attr(int col)
+{
+    if (draw_feedback != NULL && col < preedit_buf_len)
+    {
+	if (draw_feedback[col] & XIMReverse)
+	    return HL_INVERSE;
+	else if (draw_feedback[col] & XIMUnderline)
+	    return HL_UNDERLINE;
+	else
+	    return hl_attr(HLF_V);
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+preedit_caret_cbproc(XIC xic, XPointer client_data, XPointer call_data)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("preedit_caret_cbproc()\n");
+#endif
+}
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+preedit_done_cbproc(XIC xic, XPointer client_data, XPointer call_data)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("preedit_done_cbproc()\n");
+#endif
+
+    vim_free(draw_feedback);
+    draw_feedback = NULL;
+    xim_can_preediting = FALSE;
+    xim_has_preediting = FALSE;
+    gui_update_cursor(TRUE, FALSE);
+    if (showmode() > 0)
+    {
+	setcursor();
+	out_flush();
+    }
+}
+
+    void
+xim_reset(void)
+{
+    char *text;
+
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_reset()\n");
+#endif
+
+    if (xic != NULL)
+    {
+	text = XmbResetIC(((GdkICPrivate *)xic)->xic);
+	if (text != NULL && !(xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_CALLBACKS))
+	    add_to_input_buf_csi((char_u *)text, strlen(text));
+	else
+	    preedit_buf_len = 0;
+	if (text != NULL)
+	    XFree(text);
+    }
+}
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    int
+xim_queue_key_press_event(GdkEventKey *event, int down)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_queue_key_press_event()\n");
+#endif
+
+    if (preedit_buf_len <= 0)
+	return FALSE;
+    if (processing_queued_event)
+	processing_queued_event = FALSE;
+
+    key_press_event_queue = g_slist_append(key_press_event_queue,
+					   gdk_event_copy((GdkEvent *)event));
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+preedit_callback_setup(GdkIC *ic)
+{
+    XIC xxic;
+    XVaNestedList preedit_attr;
+    XIMCallback preedit_start_cb;
+    XIMCallback preedit_draw_cb;
+    XIMCallback preedit_caret_cb;
+    XIMCallback preedit_done_cb;
+
+    xxic = ((GdkICPrivate*)xic)->xic;
+    preedit_start_cb.callback = (XIMProc)preedit_start_cbproc;
+    preedit_draw_cb.callback = (XIMProc)preedit_draw_cbproc;
+    preedit_caret_cb.callback = (XIMProc)preedit_caret_cbproc;
+    preedit_done_cb.callback = (XIMProc)preedit_done_cbproc;
+    preedit_attr
+	= XVaCreateNestedList (0,
+			       XNPreeditStartCallback, &preedit_start_cb,
+			       XNPreeditDrawCallback, &preedit_draw_cb,
+			       XNPreeditCaretCallback, &preedit_caret_cb,
+			       XNPreeditDoneCallback, &preedit_done_cb,
+			       0);
+    XSetICValues (xxic, XNPreeditAttributes, preedit_attr, 0);
+    XFree(preedit_attr);
+}
+
+/*ARGSUSED*/
+    static void
+reset_state_setup(GdkIC *ic)
+{
+#ifdef USE_X11R6_XIM
+    /* don't change the input context when we call reset */
+    XSetICValues(((GdkICPrivate*)ic)->xic, XNResetState, XIMPreserveState, 0);
+#endif
+}
+
+    void
+xim_init(void)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("xim_init()\n");
+#endif
+
+    xic = NULL;
+    xic_attr = NULL;
+
+    if (!gdk_im_ready())
+    {
+	if (p_verbose > 0)
+	    EMSG(_("E292: Input Method Server is not running"));
+	return;
+    }
+    if ((xic_attr = gdk_ic_attr_new()) != NULL)
+    {
+#ifdef FEAT_XFONTSET
+	gint width, height;
+#endif
+	int		mask;
+	GdkColormap	*colormap;
+	GdkICAttr	*attr = xic_attr;
+	int		attrmask = (int)GDK_IC_ALL_REQ;
+	GtkWidget	*widget = gui.drawarea;
+
+	attr->style = (GdkIMStyle)xim_input_style;
+	attr->client_window = gui.mainwin->window;
+
+	if ((colormap = gtk_widget_get_colormap(widget)) !=
+	    gtk_widget_get_default_colormap())
+	{
+	    attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_PREEDIT_COLORMAP;
+	    attr->preedit_colormap = colormap;
+	}
+	attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_PREEDIT_FOREGROUND;
+	attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_PREEDIT_BACKGROUND;
+	attr->preedit_foreground = widget->style->fg[GTK_STATE_NORMAL];
+	attr->preedit_background = widget->style->base[GTK_STATE_NORMAL];
+
+#ifdef FEAT_XFONTSET
+	if ((xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_MASK)
+					      == (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_POSITION)
+	{
+	    if (gui.fontset == NOFONTSET
+		    || gui.fontset->type != GDK_FONT_FONTSET)
+	    {
+		EMSG(_(e_overthespot));
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		gdk_window_get_size(widget->window, &width, &height);
+
+		attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_PREEDIT_POSITION_REQ;
+		attr->spot_location.x = TEXT_X(0);
+		attr->spot_location.y = TEXT_Y(0);
+		attr->preedit_area.x = gui.border_offset;
+		attr->preedit_area.y = gui.border_offset;
+		attr->preedit_area.width = width - 2*gui.border_offset;
+		attr->preedit_area.height = height - 2*gui.border_offset;
+		attr->preedit_fontset = gui.fontset;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	if ((xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_MASK)
+						   == (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_AREA)
+	{
+	    if (gui.fontset == NOFONTSET
+		    || gui.fontset->type != GDK_FONT_FONTSET)
+	    {
+		EMSG(_(e_overthespot));
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		gdk_window_get_size(gui.mainwin->window, &width, &height);
+		attrmask |= (int)GDK_IC_STATUS_AREA_REQ;
+		attr->status_area.x = 0;
+		attr->status_area.y = height - gui.char_height - 1;
+		attr->status_area.width = width;
+		attr->status_area.height = gui.char_height;
+		attr->status_fontset = gui.fontset;
+	    }
+	}
+	else if ((xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_MASK)
+					      == (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_CALLBACKS)
+	{
+	    /* FIXME */
+	}
+#endif
+
+	xic = gdk_ic_new(attr, (GdkICAttributesType)attrmask);
+
+	if (xic == NULL)
+	    EMSG(_(e_xim));
+	else
+	{
+	    mask = (int)gdk_window_get_events(widget->window);
+	    mask |= (int)gdk_ic_get_events(xic);
+	    gdk_window_set_events(widget->window, (GdkEventMask)mask);
+	    if (xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_CALLBACKS)
+		preedit_callback_setup(xic);
+	    reset_state_setup(xic);
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+    void
+im_shutdown(void)
+{
+#ifdef XIM_DEBUG
+    xim_log("im_shutdown()\n");
+#endif
+
+    if (xic != NULL)
+    {
+	gdk_im_end();
+	gdk_ic_destroy(xic);
+	xic = NULL;
+    }
+    xim_is_active = FALSE;
+    xim_can_preediting = FALSE;
+    preedit_start_col = MAXCOL;
+    xim_has_preediting = FALSE;
+}
+
+#endif /* FEAT_GUI_GTK */
+
+    int
+xim_get_status_area_height()
+{
+#ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+    if (xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_STATUS_AREA)
+	return gui.char_height;
+#else
+    if (status_area_enabled)
+	return gui.char_height;
+#endif
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get IM status.  When IM is on, return TRUE.  Else return FALSE.
+ * FIXME: This doesn't work correctly: Having focus doesn't always mean XIM is
+ * active, when not having focus XIM may still be active (e.g., when using a
+ * tear-off menu item).
+ */
+    int
+im_get_status()
+{
+#  ifdef FEAT_GUI_GTK
+    if (xim_input_style & (int)GDK_IM_PREEDIT_CALLBACKS)
+	return xim_can_preediting;
+#  endif
+    return xim_has_focus;
+}
+
+# endif /* !HAVE_GTK2 */
+
+# if defined(FEAT_GUI_GTK) || defined(PROTO)
+    int
+im_is_preediting()
+{
+    return xim_has_preediting;
+}
+# endif
+#endif /* FEAT_XIM */
+
+#if defined(FEAT_MBYTE) || defined(PROTO)
+
+/*
+ * Setup "vcp" for conversion from "from" to "to".
+ * The names must have been made canonical with enc_canonize().
+ * vcp->vc_type must have been initialized to CONV_NONE.
+ * Note: cannot be used for conversion from/to ucs-2 and ucs-4 (will use utf-8
+ * instead).
+ * Afterwards invoke with "from" and "to" equal to NULL to cleanup.
+ * Return FAIL when conversion is not supported, OK otherwise.
+ */
+    int
+convert_setup(vcp, from, to)
+    vimconv_T	*vcp;
+    char_u	*from;
+    char_u	*to;
+{
+    int		from_prop;
+    int		to_prop;
+
+    /* Reset to no conversion. */
+# ifdef USE_ICONV
+    if (vcp->vc_type == CONV_ICONV && vcp->vc_fd != (iconv_t)-1)
+	iconv_close(vcp->vc_fd);
+# endif
+    vcp->vc_type = CONV_NONE;
+    vcp->vc_factor = 1;
+    vcp->vc_fail = FALSE;
+
+    /* No conversion when one of the names is empty or they are equal. */
+    if (from == NULL || *from == NUL || to == NULL || *to == NUL
+						     || STRCMP(from, to) == 0)
+	return OK;
+
+    from_prop = enc_canon_props(from);
+    to_prop = enc_canon_props(to);
+    if ((from_prop & ENC_LATIN1) && (to_prop & ENC_UNICODE))
+    {
+	/* Internal latin1 -> utf-8 conversion. */
+	vcp->vc_type = CONV_TO_UTF8;
+	vcp->vc_factor = 2;	/* up to twice as long */
+    }
+    else if ((from_prop & ENC_UNICODE) && (to_prop & ENC_LATIN1))
+    {
+	/* Internal utf-8 -> latin1 conversion. */
+	vcp->vc_type = CONV_TO_LATIN1;
+    }
+#ifdef WIN3264
+    /* Win32-specific codepage <-> codepage conversion without iconv. */
+    else if (((from_prop & ENC_UNICODE) || encname2codepage(from) > 0)
+	    && ((to_prop & ENC_UNICODE) || encname2codepage(to) > 0))
+    {
+	vcp->vc_type = CONV_CODEPAGE;
+	vcp->vc_factor = 2;	/* up to twice as long */
+	vcp->vc_cpfrom = (from_prop & ENC_UNICODE) ? 0 : encname2codepage(from);
+	vcp->vc_cpto = (to_prop & ENC_UNICODE) ? 0 : encname2codepage(to);
+    }
+#endif
+#ifdef MACOS_X
+    else if ((from_prop & ENC_MACROMAN) && (to_prop & ENC_LATIN1))
+    {
+	vcp->vc_type = CONV_MAC_LATIN1;
+    }
+    else if ((from_prop & ENC_MACROMAN) && (to_prop & ENC_UNICODE))
+    {
+	vcp->vc_type = CONV_MAC_UTF8;
+	vcp->vc_factor = 2;	/* up to twice as long */
+    }
+    else if ((from_prop & ENC_LATIN1) && (to_prop & ENC_MACROMAN))
+    {
+	vcp->vc_type = CONV_LATIN1_MAC;
+    }
+    else if ((from_prop & ENC_UNICODE) && (to_prop & ENC_MACROMAN))
+    {
+	vcp->vc_type = CONV_UTF8_MAC;
+    }
+#endif
+# ifdef USE_ICONV
+    else
+    {
+	/* Use iconv() for conversion. */
+	vcp->vc_fd = (iconv_t)my_iconv_open(
+		(to_prop & ENC_UNICODE) ? (char_u *)"utf-8" : to,
+		(from_prop & ENC_UNICODE) ? (char_u *)"utf-8" : from);
+	if (vcp->vc_fd != (iconv_t)-1)
+	{
+	    vcp->vc_type = CONV_ICONV;
+	    vcp->vc_factor = 4;	/* could be longer too... */
+	}
+    }
+# endif
+    if (vcp->vc_type == CONV_NONE)
+	return FAIL;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+#if defined(FEAT_GUI) || defined(AMIGA) || defined(WIN3264) \
+	|| defined(MSDOS) || defined(PROTO)
+/*
+ * Do conversion on typed input characters in-place.
+ * The input and output are not NUL terminated!
+ * Returns the length after conversion.
+ */
+    int
+convert_input(ptr, len, maxlen)
+    char_u	*ptr;
+    int		len;
+    int		maxlen;
+{
+    return convert_input_safe(ptr, len, maxlen, NULL, NULL);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Like convert_input(), but when there is an incomplete byte sequence at the
+ * end return that as an allocated string in "restp" and set "*restlenp" to
+ * the length.  If "restp" is NULL it is not used.
+ */
+    int
+convert_input_safe(ptr, len, maxlen, restp, restlenp)
+    char_u	*ptr;
+    int		len;
+    int		maxlen;
+    char_u	**restp;
+    int		*restlenp;
+{
+    char_u	*d;
+    int		dlen = len;
+    int		unconvertlen = 0;
+
+    d = string_convert_ext(&input_conv, ptr, &dlen,
+					restp == NULL ? NULL : &unconvertlen);
+    if (d != NULL)
+    {
+	if (dlen <= maxlen)
+	{
+	    if (unconvertlen > 0)
+	    {
+		/* Move the unconverted characters to allocated memory. */
+		*restp = alloc(unconvertlen);
+		if (*restp != NULL)
+		    mch_memmove(*restp, ptr + len - unconvertlen, unconvertlen);
+		*restlenp = unconvertlen;
+	    }
+	    mch_memmove(ptr, d, dlen);
+	}
+	else
+	    /* result is too long, keep the unconverted text (the caller must
+	     * have done something wrong!) */
+	    dlen = len;
+	vim_free(d);
+    }
+    return dlen;
+}
+
+#if defined(MACOS_X)
+static char_u *mac_string_convert __ARGS((char_u *ptr, int len, int *lenp, int fail_on_error, CFStringEncoding from, CFStringEncoding to, int *unconvlenp));
+
+/*
+ * A Mac version of string_convert_ext() for special cases.
+ */
+    static char_u *
+mac_string_convert(ptr, len, lenp, fail_on_error, from, to, unconvlenp)
+    char_u		*ptr;
+    int			len;
+    int			*lenp;
+    int			fail_on_error;
+    CFStringEncoding	from;
+    CFStringEncoding	to;
+    int			*unconvlenp;
+{
+    char_u		*retval, *d;
+    CFStringRef		cfstr;
+    int			buflen, in, out, l, i;
+
+    if (unconvlenp != NULL)
+	*unconvlenp = 0;
+    cfstr = CFStringCreateWithBytes(NULL, ptr, len, from, 0);
+    /* When conversion failed, try excluding bytes from the end, helps when
+     * there is an incomplete byte sequence.  Only do up to 6 bytes to avoid
+     * looping a long time when there really is something unconvertable. */
+    while (cfstr == NULL && unconvlenp != NULL && len > 1 && *unconvlenp < 6)
+    {
+	--len;
+	++*unconvlenp;
+	cfstr = CFStringCreateWithBytes(NULL, ptr, len, from, 0);
+    }
+    if (cfstr == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+    if (to == kCFStringEncodingUTF8)
+	buflen = len * 6 + 1;
+    else
+	buflen = len + 1;
+    retval = alloc(buflen);
+    if (retval == NULL)
+    {
+	CFRelease(cfstr);
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    if (!CFStringGetCString(cfstr, retval, buflen, to))
+    {
+	CFRelease(cfstr);
+	if (fail_on_error)
+	{
+	    vim_free(retval);
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* conversion failed for the whole string, but maybe it will work
+	 * for each character */
+	for (d = retval, in = 0, out = 0; in < len && out < buflen - 1;)
+	{
+	    if (from == kCFStringEncodingUTF8)
+		l = utf_ptr2len_check(ptr + in);
+	    else
+		l = 1;
+	    cfstr = CFStringCreateWithBytes(NULL, ptr + in, l, from, 0);
+	    if (cfstr == NULL)
+	    {
+		*d++ = '?';
+		out++;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		if (!CFStringGetCString(cfstr, d, buflen - out, to))
+		{
+		    *d++ = '?';
+		    out++;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+		    i = strlen(d);
+		    d += i;
+		    out += i;
+		}
+		CFRelease(cfstr);
+	    }
+	    in += l;
+	}
+	*d = NUL;
+	if (lenp != NULL)
+	    *lenp = out;
+	return retval;
+    }
+    CFRelease(cfstr);
+    if (lenp != NULL)
+	*lenp = strlen(retval);
+    return retval;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Convert text "ptr[*lenp]" according to "vcp".
+ * Returns the result in allocated memory and sets "*lenp".
+ * When "lenp" is NULL, use NUL terminated strings.
+ * Illegal chars are often changed to "?", unless vcp->vc_fail is set.
+ * When something goes wrong, NULL is returned and "*lenp" is unchanged.
+ */
+    char_u *
+string_convert(vcp, ptr, lenp)
+    vimconv_T	*vcp;
+    char_u	*ptr;
+    int		*lenp;
+{
+    return string_convert_ext(vcp, ptr, lenp, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Like string_convert(), but when "unconvlenp" is not NULL and there are is
+ * an incomplete sequence at the end it is not converted and "*unconvlenp" is
+ * set to the number of remaining bytes.
+ */
+    char_u *
+string_convert_ext(vcp, ptr, lenp, unconvlenp)
+    vimconv_T	*vcp;
+    char_u	*ptr;
+    int		*lenp;
+    int		*unconvlenp;
+{
+    char_u	*retval = NULL;
+    char_u	*d;
+    int		len;
+    int		i;
+    int		l;
+    int		c;
+
+    if (lenp == NULL)
+	len = (int)STRLEN(ptr);
+    else
+	len = *lenp;
+    if (len == 0)
+	return vim_strsave((char_u *)"");
+
+    switch (vcp->vc_type)
+    {
+	case CONV_TO_UTF8:	/* latin1 to utf-8 conversion */
+	    retval = alloc(len * 2 + 1);
+	    if (retval == NULL)
+		break;
+	    d = retval;
+	    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+	    {
+		if (ptr[i] < 0x80)
+		    *d++ = ptr[i];
+		else
+		{
+		    *d++ = 0xc0 + ((unsigned)ptr[i] >> 6);
+		    *d++ = 0x80 + (ptr[i] & 0x3f);
+		}
+	    }
+	    *d = NUL;
+	    if (lenp != NULL)
+		*lenp = (int)(d - retval);
+	    break;
+
+	case CONV_TO_LATIN1:	/* utf-8 to latin1 conversion */
+	    retval = alloc(len + 1);
+	    if (retval == NULL)
+		break;
+	    d = retval;
+	    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+	    {
+		l = utf_ptr2len_check(ptr + i);
+		if (l == 0)
+		    *d++ = NUL;
+		else if (l == 1)
+		{
+		    if (unconvlenp != NULL && utf8len_tab[ptr[i]] > len - i)
+		    {
+			/* Incomplete sequence at the end. */
+			*unconvlenp = len - i;
+			break;
+		    }
+		    *d++ = ptr[i];
+		}
+		else
+		{
+		    c = utf_ptr2char(ptr + i);
+		    if (!utf_iscomposing(c))	/* skip composing chars */
+		    {
+			if (c < 0x100)
+			    *d++ = c;
+			else if (vcp->vc_fail)
+			{
+			    vim_free(retval);
+			    return NULL;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+			    *d++ = 0xbf;
+			    if (utf_char2cells(c) > 1)
+				*d++ = '?';
+			}
+		    }
+		    i += l - 1;
+		}
+	    }
+	    *d = NUL;
+	    if (lenp != NULL)
+		*lenp = (int)(d - retval);
+	    break;
+
+# ifdef MACOS_X
+	case CONV_MAC_LATIN1:
+	    retval = mac_string_convert(ptr, len, lenp, vcp->vc_fail,
+					kCFStringEncodingMacRoman,
+					kCFStringEncodingISOLatin1,
+					unconvlenp);
+	    break;
+
+	case CONV_LATIN1_MAC:
+	    retval = mac_string_convert(ptr, len, lenp, vcp->vc_fail,
+					kCFStringEncodingISOLatin1,
+					kCFStringEncodingMacRoman,
+					unconvlenp);
+	    break;
+
+	case CONV_MAC_UTF8:
+	    retval = mac_string_convert(ptr, len, lenp, vcp->vc_fail,
+					kCFStringEncodingMacRoman,
+					kCFStringEncodingUTF8,
+					unconvlenp);
+	    break;
+
+	case CONV_UTF8_MAC:
+	    retval = mac_string_convert(ptr, len, lenp, vcp->vc_fail,
+					kCFStringEncodingUTF8,
+					kCFStringEncodingMacRoman,
+					unconvlenp);
+	    break;
+# endif
+
+# ifdef USE_ICONV
+	case CONV_ICONV:	/* conversion with output_conv.vc_fd */
+	    retval = iconv_string(vcp, ptr, len, unconvlenp);
+	    if (retval != NULL && lenp != NULL)
+		*lenp = (int)STRLEN(retval);
+	    break;
+# endif
+# ifdef WIN3264
+	case CONV_CODEPAGE:		/* codepage -> codepage */
+	{
+	    int		retlen;
+	    int		tmp_len;
+	    short_u	*tmp;
+
+	    /* 1. codepage/UTF-8  ->  ucs-2. */
+	    if (vcp->vc_cpfrom == 0)
+		tmp_len = utf8_to_ucs2(ptr, len, NULL, NULL);
+	    else
+		tmp_len = MultiByteToWideChar(vcp->vc_cpfrom, 0,
+							      ptr, len, 0, 0);
+	    tmp = (short_u *)alloc(sizeof(short_u) * tmp_len);
+	    if (tmp == NULL)
+		break;
+	    if (vcp->vc_cpfrom == 0)
+		utf8_to_ucs2(ptr, len, tmp, unconvlenp);
+	    else
+		MultiByteToWideChar(vcp->vc_cpfrom, 0, ptr, len, tmp, tmp_len);
+
+	    /* 2. ucs-2  ->  codepage/UTF-8. */
+	    if (vcp->vc_cpto == 0)
+		retlen = ucs2_to_utf8(tmp, tmp_len, NULL);
+	    else
+		retlen = WideCharToMultiByte(vcp->vc_cpto, 0,
+						    tmp, tmp_len, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+	    retval = alloc(retlen + 1);
+	    if (retval != NULL)
+	    {
+		if (vcp->vc_cpto == 0)
+		    ucs2_to_utf8(tmp, tmp_len, retval);
+		else
+		    WideCharToMultiByte(vcp->vc_cpto, 0,
+					  tmp, tmp_len, retval, retlen, 0, 0);
+		retval[retlen] = NUL;
+		if (lenp != NULL)
+		    *lenp = retlen;
+	    }
+	    vim_free(tmp);
+	    break;
+	}
+# endif
+    }
+
+    return retval;
+}
+#endif