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updated for version 7.2a
author vimboss
date Tue, 24 Jun 2008 20:19:36 +0000
parents fa824a910372
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1 *usr_22.txt* For Vim version 7.1. Last change: 2006 Apr 24 1 *usr_22.txt* For Vim version 7.2a. Last change: 2007 Aug 14
2 2
3 VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar 3 VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar
4 4
5 Finding the file to edit 5 Finding the file to edit
6 6
8 Files can be found everywhere. So how do you find them? Vim offers various 8 Files can be found everywhere. So how do you find them? Vim offers various
9 ways to browse the directory tree. There are commands to jump to a file that 9 ways to browse the directory tree. There are commands to jump to a file that
10 is mentioned in another. And Vim remembers which files have been edited 10 is mentioned in another. And Vim remembers which files have been edited
11 before. 11 before.
12 12
13 |22.1| The file explorer 13 |22.1| The file browser
14 |22.2| The current directory 14 |22.2| The current directory
15 |22.3| Finding a file 15 |22.3| Finding a file
16 |22.4| The buffer list 16 |22.4| The buffer list
17 17
18 Next chapter: |usr_23.txt| Editing other files 18 Next chapter: |usr_23.txt| Editing other files
19 Previous chapter: |usr_21.txt| Go away and come back 19 Previous chapter: |usr_21.txt| Go away and come back
20 Table of contents: |usr_toc.txt| 20 Table of contents: |usr_toc.txt|
21 21
22 ============================================================================== 22 ==============================================================================
23 *22.1* The file explorer 23 *22.1* The file browser
24 24
25 Vim has a plugin that makes it possible to edit a directory. Try this: > 25 Vim has a plugin that makes it possible to edit a directory. Try this: >
26 26
27 :edit . 27 :edit .
28 28
29 Through the magic of autocommands and Vim scripts, the window will be filled 29 Through the magic of autocommands and Vim scripts, the window will be filled
30 with the contents of the directory. It looks like this: 30 with the contents of the directory. It looks like this:
31 31
32 " Press ? for keyboard shortcuts ~ 32 " ============================================================================ ~
33 " Sorted by name (.bak,~,.o,.h,.info,.swp,.obj,.orig,.rej at end of list) ~ 33 " Netrw Directory Listing (netrw v109) ~
34 "= /home/mool/vim/vim6/runtime/doc/ ~ 34 " Sorted by name ~
35 ../ ~ 35 " Sort sequence: [\/]$,\.h$,\.c$,\.cpp$,*,\.info$,\.swp$,\.o$\.obj$,\.bak$ ~
36 check/ ~ 36 " Quick Help: <F1>:help -:go up dir D:delete R:rename s:sort-by x:exec ~
37 Makefile ~ 37 " ============================================================================ ~
38 autocmd.txt ~ 38 ../ ~
39 change.txt ~ 39 ./ ~
40 eval.txt~ ~ 40 check/ ~
41 filetype.txt~ ~ 41 Makefile ~
42 help.txt.info ~ 42 autocmd.txt ~
43 change.txt ~
44 eval.txt~ ~
45 filetype.txt~ ~
46 help.txt.info ~
43 47
44 You can see these items: 48 You can see these items:
45 1. A comment about using ? to get help for the functionality of the file 49
46 explorer. 50 1. The name of the browsing tool and its version number
47 2. The second line mentions how the items in the directory are listed. They 51 2. The name of the browsing directory
48 can be sorted in several ways. 52 3. The method of sorting (may be by name, time, or size)
49 3. The third line is the name of the current directory. 53 4. How names are to be sorted (directories first, then *.h files,
50 4. The "../" directory item. This is the parent directory. 54 *.c files, etc)
51 5. The directory names. 55 5. How to get help (use the <F1> key), and an abbreviated listing
52 6. The ordinary file names. As mentioned in the second line, some are not 56 of available commands
53 here but "at the end of the list". 57 6. A listing of files, including "../", which allows one to to list
54 7. The less ordinary file names. You are expected to use these less often, 58 the parent directory.
55 therefore they have been moved to the end.
56 59
57 If you have syntax highlighting enabled, the different parts are highlighted 60 If you have syntax highlighting enabled, the different parts are highlighted
58 to make it easier to spot them. 61 so as to make it easier to spot them.
59 62
60 You can use Normal mode Vim commands to move around in the text. For example, 63 You can use Normal mode Vim commands to move around in the text. For example,
61 move to a file and press <Enter>. Now you are editing that file. To go back 64 move the cursor atop a file and press <Enter>; you will then be editing that
62 to the explorer use ":edit ." again. CTRL-O also works. 65 file. To go back to the browser use ":edit ." again, or use ":Explore".
63 Try using <Enter> while the cursor is on a directory name. The result is 66 CTRL-O also works.
64 that the explorer moves into that directory and displays the items found 67
68 Try using <Enter> while the cursor is atop a directory name. The result is
69 that the file browser moves into that directory and displays the items found
65 there. Pressing <Enter> on the first directory "../" moves you one level 70 there. Pressing <Enter> on the first directory "../" moves you one level
66 higher. Pressing "-" does the same thing, without the need to move to the 71 higher. Pressing "-" does the same thing, without the need to move to the
67 "../" item first. 72 "../" item first.
68 73
69 You can press ? to get short help on the things you can do in the explorer. 74 You can press <F1> to get help on the things you can do in the netrw file
70 This is what you get: 75 browser. This is what you get: >
71 76
72 " <enter> : open file or directory ~ 77 9. Directory Browsing netrw-browse netrw-dir netrw-list netrw-help
73 " o : open new window for file/directory ~ 78
74 " O : open file in previously visited window ~ 79 MAPS netrw-maps
75 " p : preview the file ~ 80 <F1>.............Help.......................................|netrw-help|
76 " i : toggle size/date listing ~ 81 <cr>.............Browsing...................................|netrw-cr|
77 " s : select sort field r : reverse sort ~ 82 <del>............Deleting Files or Directories..............|netrw-delete|
78 " - : go up one level c : cd to this dir ~ 83 -................Going Up...................................|netrw--|
79 " R : rename file D : delete file ~ 84 a................Hiding Files or Directories................|netrw-a|
80 " :help file-explorer for detailed help ~ 85 mb...............Bookmarking a Directory....................|netrw-mb|
81 86 gb...............Changing to a Bookmarked Directory.........|netrw-gb|
82 The first few commands are for selecting a file to display. Depending on what 87 c................Make Browsing Directory The Current Dir....|netrw-c|
83 command you use, the file appears somewhere: 88 d................Make A New Directory.......................|netrw-d|
84 89 D................Deleting Files or Directories..............|netrw-D|
85 <Enter> Uses the current window. 90 <c-h>............Edit File/Directory Hiding List............|netrw-ctrl-h|
86 o Opens a new window. 91 i................Change Listing Style.......................|netrw-i|
87 O Uses the previously visited window. 92 <c-l>............Refreshing the Listing.....................|netrw-ctrl-l|
88 p Uses the preview window, and moves the cursor back 93 o................Browsing with a Horizontal Split...........|netrw-o|
89 into the explorer window. |preview-window| 94 p................Use Preview Window.........................|netrw-p|
90 95 P................Edit in Previous Window....................|netrw-p|
91 The following commands are used to display other information: 96 q................Listing Bookmarks and History..............|netrw-q|
92 97 r................Reversing Sorting Order....................|netrw-r|
93 i Display the size and date for the file. Using i again 98 < (etc)
94 will hide the information. 99
95 s Use the field the cursor is in to sort on. First 100 The <F1> key thus brings you to a netrw directory browsing contents help page.
96 display the size and date with i. Then Move the 101 Its a regular help page; use the usual |CTRL-]| to jump to tagged help items
97 cursor to the size of any file and press s. The files 102 and |CTRL-O| to jump back.
98 will now be sorted on size. Press s while the cursor 103
99 is on a date and the items will be sorted on date. 104 To select files for display and editing: (with the cursor is atop a filename)
100 r reverse the sorting order (either size or date) 105
101 106 <enter> Open the file in the current window. |netrw-cr|
102 There are a few extra commands: 107 o Horizontally split window and display file |netrw-o|
103 108 v Vertically split window and display file |netrw-v|
104 c Change the current directory to the displayed 109 p Use the |preview-window| |netrw-p|
105 directory. You can then type an ":edit" command for 110 P Edit in the previous window |netrw-P|
106 one of the files without prepending the path. 111 t Open file in a new tab |netrw-t|
107 R Rename the file under the cursor. You will be 112
108 prompted for the new name. 113 The following normal-mode commands may be used to control the browser display:
109 D Delete the file under the cursor. You will get a 114
110 prompt to confirm this. 115 i Controls listing style (thin, long, wide, and tree).
116 The long listing includes size and date information.
117 s Repeatedly pressing s will change the way the files
118 are sorted; one may sort on name, modification time,
119 or size.
120 r Reverse the sorting order.
121
122 As a sampling of extra normal-mode commands:
123
124 c Change Vim's notion of the current directory to be
125 the same as the browser directory. (see
126 |g:netrw_keepdir| to control this, too)
127 R Rename the file or directory under the cursor; a
128 prompt will be issued for the new name.
129 D Delete the file or directory under the cursor; a
130 confirmation request will be issued.
131 mb gb Make bookmark/goto bookmark
132
133
134 One may also use command mode; again, just a sampling:
135
136 :Explore [directory] Browse specified/current directory
137 :NetrwSettings A comprehensive list of your current netrw
138 settings with help linkage.
139
140 The netrw browser is not limited to just your local machine; one may use
141 urls such as: (that trailing / is important)
142
143 :Explore ftp://somehost/path/to/dir/
144 :e scp://somehost/path/to/dir/
145
146 See |netrw-browse| for more.
111 147
112 ============================================================================== 148 ==============================================================================
113 *22.2* The current directory 149 *22.2* The current directory
114 150
115 Just like the shell, Vim has the concept of a current directory. Suppose you 151 Just like the shell, Vim has the concept of a current directory. Suppose you
253 :hide edit two.txt 289 :hide edit two.txt
254 290
255 The buffer "one.txt" disappears from the screen, but Vim still knows that you 291 The buffer "one.txt" disappears from the screen, but Vim still knows that you
256 are editing this buffer, so it keeps the modified text. This is called a 292 are editing this buffer, so it keeps the modified text. This is called a
257 hidden buffer: The buffer contains text, but you can't see it. 293 hidden buffer: The buffer contains text, but you can't see it.
258 The ":hide" command argument is another command. It makes that command 294 The argument of ":hide" is another command. ":hide" makes that command
259 behave like the 'hidden' option was set. You could also set this option 295 behave as if the 'hidden' option was set. You could also set this option
260 yourself. The effect is that when any buffer is abandoned, it becomes hidden. 296 yourself. The effect is that when any buffer is abandoned, it becomes hidden.
261 Be careful! When you have hidden buffers with changes, don't exit Vim 297 Be careful! When you have hidden buffers with changes, don't exit Vim
262 without making sure you have saved all the buffers. 298 without making sure you have saved all the buffers.
263 299
264 300