vim: runtime/doc/usr_90.txt comparison

comparison runtime/doc/usr_90.txt @ 7:3fc0f57ecb91 v7.0001

updated for version 7.0001

author	vimboss
date	Sun, 13 Jun 2004 20:20:40 +0000
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children	6beb2c667935

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+*usr_90.txt*	For Vim version 7.0aa.  Last change: 2004 Mar 21
+		     VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar
+				Installing Vim
+								*install*
+Before you can use Vim you have to install it.  Depending on your system it's
+simple or easy.  This chapter gives a few hints and also explains how
+upgrading to a new version is done.
+|90.1|	Unix
+|90.2|	MS-Windows
+|90.3|	Upgrading
+|90.4|	Common installation issues
+|90.5|	Uninstalling Vim
+Previous chapter: |usr_45.txt|  Select your language
+Table of contents: |usr_toc.txt|
+==============================================================================
+*90.1*	Unix
+First you have to decide if you are going to install Vim system-wide or for a
+single user.  The installation is almost the same, but the directory where Vim
+is installed in differs.
+For a system-wide installation the base directory "/usr/local" is often
+used.  But this may be different for your system.  Try finding out where other
+packages are installed.
+When installing for a single user, you can use your home directory as the
+base.  The files will be placed in subdirectories like "bin" and "shared/vim".
+FROM A PACKAGE
+You can get precompiled binaries for many different UNIX systems.  There is a
+long list with links on this page:
+	http://www.vim.org/binaries.html ~
+Volunteers maintain the binaries, so they are often out of date.  It is a
+good idea to compile your own UNIX version from the source.  Also, creating
+the editor from the source allows you to control which features are compiled.
+This does require a compiler though.
+If you have a Linux distribution, the "vi" program is probably a minimal
+version of Vim.  It doesn't do syntax highlighting, for example.  Try finding
+another Vim package in your distribution, or search on the web site.
+FROM SOURCES
+To compile and install Vim, you will need the following:
+	-  A C compiler (GCC preferred)
+	-  The GZIP program (you can get it from www.gnu.org)
+	-  The Vim source and runtime archives
+To get the Vim archives, look in this file for a mirror near you, this should
+provide the fastest download:
+	ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/MIRRORS ~
+Or use the home site ftp.vim.org, if you think it's fast enough.  Go to the
+"unix" directory and you'll find a list of files there.  The version number is
+embedded in the file name.  You will want to get the most recent version.
+You can get the files for Unix in two ways: One big archive that contains
+everything, or four smaller ones that each fit on a floppy disk.  For version
+6.1 the single big one is called:
+	vim-6.1.tar.bz2 ~
+You need the bzip2 program to uncompress it.  If you don't have it, get the
+four smaller files, which can be uncompressed with gzip.  For Vim 6.1 they are
+called:
+	vim-6.1-src1.tar.gz ~
+	vim-6.1-src2.tar.gz ~
+	vim-6.1-rt1.tar.gz ~
+	vim-6.1-rt2.tar.gz ~
+COMPILING
+First create a top directory to work in, for example: >
+	mkdir ~/vim
+	cd ~/vim
+Then unpack the archives there.  If you have the one big archive, you unpack
+it like this: >
+	bzip2 -d -c path/vim-6.1.tar.bz2 | tar xf -
+Change "path" to where you have downloaded the file. >
+	gzip -d -c path/vim-6.1-src1.tar.gz | tar xf -
+	gzip -d -c path/vim-6.1-src2.tar.gz | tar xf -
+	gzip -d -c path/vim-6.1-rt1.tar.gz | tar xf -
+	gzip -d -c path/vim-6.1-rt2.tar.gz | tar xf -
+If you are satisfied with getting the default features, and your environment
+is setup properly, you should be able to compile Vim with just this: >
+	cd vim61/src
+	make
+The make program will run configure and compile everything.  Further on we
+will explain how to compile with different features.
+If there are errors while compiling, carefully look at the error messages.
+There should be a hint about what went wrong.  Hopefully you will be able to
+correct it.  You might have to disable some features to make Vim compile.
+Look in the Makefile for specific hints for your system.
+TESTING
+Now you can check if compiling worked OK: >
+	make test
+This will run a sequence of test scripts to verify that Vim works as expected.
+Vim will be started many times and all kinds of text and messages flash by.
+If it is alright you will finally see:
+	test results: ~
+	ALL DONE ~
+If there are one or two messages about failed tests, Vim might still work, but
+not perfectly.  If you see a lot of error messages or Vim doesn't finish until
+the end, there must be something wrong.  Either try to find out yourself, or
+find someone who can solve it.  You could look in the |maillist-archive| for a
+solution.  If everything else fails, you could ask in the vim |maillist| if
+someone can help you.
+INSTALLING
+							*install-home*
+If you want to install in your home directory, edit the Makefile and search
+for a line:
+	#prefix = $(HOME) ~
+Remove the # at the start of the line.
+When installing for the whole system, Vim has most likely already selected
+a good installation directory for you.  You can also specify one, see below.
+You need to become root for the following.
+To install Vim do: >
+	make install
+That should move all the relevant files to the right place.  Now you can try
+running vim to verify that it works.  Use two simple tests to check if Vim can
+find its runtime files: >
+	:help
+	:syntax enable
+If this doesn't work, use this command to check where Vim is looking for the
+runtime files: >
+	:echo $VIMRUNTIME
+You can also start Vim with the "-V" argument to see what happens during
+startup: >
+	vim -V
+Don't forget that the user manual assumes you Vim in a certain way.  After
+installing Vim, follow the instructions at |not-compatible| to make Vim work
+as assumed in this manual.
+SELECTING FEATURES
+Vim has many ways to select features.  One of the simple ways is to edit the
+Makefile.  There are many directions and examples.  Often you can enable or
+disable a feature by uncommenting a line.
+An alternative is to run "configure" separately.  This allows you to
+specify configuration options manually.  The disadvantage is that you have to
+figure out what exactly to type.
+Some of the most interesting configure arguments follow.  These can also be
+enabled from the Makefile.
+	--prefix={directory}		Top directory where to install Vim.
+	--with-features=tiny		Compile with many features disabled.
+	--with-features=small		Compile with some features disabled.
+	--with-features=big		Compile with more features enabled.
+	--with-features=huge		Compile with most features enabled.
+					See |+feature-list| for which feature
+					is enabled in which case.
+	--enable-perlinterp		Enable the Perl interface.  There are
+					similar arguments for ruby, python and
+					tcl.
+	--disable-gui			Do not compile the GUI interface.
+	--without-x			Do not compile X-windows features.
+					When both of these are used, Vim will
+					not connect to the X server, which
+					makes startup faster.
+To see the whole list use: >
+	./configure --help
+You can find a bit of explanation for each feature, and links for more
+information here: |feature-list|.
+For the adventurous, edit the file "feature.h".  You can also change the
+source code yourself!
+==============================================================================
+*90.2*	MS-Windows
+There are two ways to install the Vim program for Microsoft Windows.  You can
+uncompress several archives, or use a self-installing big archive.  Most users
+with fairly recent computers will prefer the second method.  For the first
+one, you will need:
+	- An archive with binaries for Vim.
+	- The Vim runtime archive.
+	- A program to unpack the zip files.
+To get the Vim archives, look in this file for a mirror near you, this should
+provide the fastest download:
+	ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/MIRRORS ~
+Or use the home site ftp.vim.org, if you think it's fast enough.  Go to the
+"pc" directory and you'll find a list of files there.  The version number is
+embedded in the file name.  You will want to get the most recent version.
+We will use "61" here, which is version 6.1.
+	gvim61.exe		The self-installing archive.
+This is all you need for the second method.  Just launch the executable, and
+follow the prompts.
+For the first method you must chose one of the binary archives.  These are
+available:
+	gvim61.zip		The normal MS-Windows GUI version.
+	gvim61ole.zip		The MS-Windows GUI version with OLE support.
+				Uses more memory, supports interfacing with
+				other OLE applications.
+	vim61w32.zip		32 bit MS-Windows console version.  For use in
+				a Win NT/2000/XP console.  Does not work well
+				on Win 95/98.
+	vim61d32.zip		32 bit MS-DOS version.  For use in the
+				Win 95/98 console window.
+	vim61d16.zip		16 bit MS-DOS version.  Only for old systems.
+				Does not support long filenames.
+You only need one of them.  Although you could install both a GUI and a
+console version.  You always need to get the archive with runtime files.
+	vim61rt.zip		The runtime files.
+Use your un-zip program to unpack the files.  For example, using the "unzip"
+program: >
+	cd c:\
+	unzip path\gvim61.zip
+	unzip path\vim61rt.zip
+This will unpack the files in the directory "c:\vim\vim61".  If you already
+have a "vim" directory somewhere, you will want to move to the directory just
+above it.
+Now change to the "vim\vim61" directory and run the install program: >
+	install
+Carefully look through the messages and select the options you want to use.
+If you finally select "do it" the install program will carry out the actions
+you selected.
+The install program doesn't move the runtime files.  They remain where you
+unpacked them.
+In case you are not satisfied with the features included in the supplied
+binaries, you could try compiling Vim yourself.  Get the source archive from
+the same location as where the binaries are.  You need a compiler for which a
+makefile exists.  Microsoft Visual C works, but is expensive.  The Free
+Borland command-line compiler 5.5 can be used, as well as the free MingW and
+Cygwin compilers.  Check the file src/INSTALLpc.txt for hints.
+==============================================================================
+*90.3*	Upgrading
+If you are running one version of Vim and want to install another, here is
+what to do.
+UNIX
+When you type "make install" the runtime files will be copied to a directory
+which is specific for this version.  Thus they will not overwrite a previous
+version.  This makes it possible to use two or more versions next to
+each other.
+The executable "vim" will overwrite an older version.  If you don't care
+about keeping the old version, running "make install" will work fine.  You can
+delete the old runtime files manually.  Just delete the directory with the
+version number in it and all files below it.  Example: >
+	rm -rf /usr/local/share/vim/vim58
+There are normally no changed files below this directory.  If you did change
+the "filetype.vim" file, for example, you better merge the changes into the
+new version before deleting it.
+If you are careful and want to try out the new version for a while before
+switching to it, install the new version under another name.  You need to
+specify a configure argument.  For example: >
+	./configure --with-vim-name=vim6
+Before running "make install", you could use "make -n install" to check that
+no valuable existing files are overwritten.
+When you finally decide to switch to the new version, all you need to do is
+to rename the binary to "vim".  For example: >
+	mv /usr/local/bin/vim6 /usr/local/bin/vim
+MS-WINDOWS
+Upgrading is mostly equal to installing a new version.  Just unpack the files
+in the same place as the previous version.  A new directory will be created,
+e.g., "vim61", for the files of the new version.  Your runtime files, vimrc
+file, viminfo, etc. will be left alone.
+If you want to run the new version next to the old one, you will have to do
+some handwork.  Don't run the install program, it will overwrite a few files
+of the old version.  Execute the new binaries by specifying the full path.
+The program should be able to automatically find the runtime files for the
+right version.  However, this won't work if you set the $VIMRUNTIME variable
+somewhere.
+If you are satisfied with the upgrade, you can delete the files of the
+previous version.  See |90.5|.
+==============================================================================
+*90.4*	Common installation issues
+This section describes some of the common problems that occur when installing
+Vim and suggests some solutions.  It also contains answers to many
+installation questions.
+Q: I Do Not Have Root Privileges.  How Do I Install Vim? (Unix)
+Use the following configuration command to install Vim in a directory called
+$HOME/vim: >
+	./configure --prefix=$HOME
+This gives you a personal copy of Vim.  You need to put $HOME/bin in your
+path to execute the editor.  Also see |install-home|.
+Q: The Colors Are Not Right on My Screen. (Unix)
+Check your terminal settings by using the following command in a shell: >
+	echo $TERM
+If the terminal type listed is not correct, fix it.  For more hints, see
+|06.2|.  Another solution is to always use the GUI version of Vim, called
+gvim.  This avoids the need for a correct terminal setup.
+Q: My Backspace And Delete Keys Don't Work Right
+The definition of what key sends what code is very unclear for backspace <BS>
+and Delete <Del> keys.  First of all, check your $TERM setting.  If there is
+nothing wrong with it, try this: >
+	:set t_kb=^V<BS>
+	:set t_kD=^V<Del>
+In the first line you need to press CTRL-V and then hit the backspace key.
+In the second line you need to press CTRL-V and then hit the Delete key.
+You can put these lines in your vimrc file, see |05.1|.  A disadvantage is
+that it won't work when you use another terminal some day.  Look here for
+alternate solutions: |:fixdel|.
+Q: I Am Using RedHat Linux.  Can I Use the Vim That Comes with the System?
+By default RedHat installs a minimal version of Vim.  Check your RPM packages
+for something named "Vim-enhanced-version.rpm" and install that.
+Q: How Do I Turn Syntax Coloring On?  How do I make plugins work?
+Use the example vimrc script.  You can find an explanation on how to use it
+here: |not-compatible|.
+See chapter 6 for information about syntax highlighting: |usr_06.txt|.
+Q: What Is a Good vimrc File to Use?
+See the www.vim.org Web site for several good examples.
+Q: Where Do I Find a Good Vim Plugin?
+See the Vim-online site: http://vim.sf.net.  Many users have uploaded useful
+Vim scripts and plugins there.
+Q: Where Do I Find More Tips?
+See the Vim-online site: http://vim.sf.net.  There is an archive with hints
+from Vim users.  You might also want to search in the |maillist-archive|.
+==============================================================================
+*90.5*	Uninstalling Vim
+In the unlikely event you want to uninstall Vim completely, this is how you do
+it.
+UNIX
+When you installed Vim as a package, check your package manager to find out
+how to remove the package again.
+If you installed Vim from sources you can use this command: >
+	make uninstall
+However, if you have deleted the original files or you used an archive that
+someone supplied, you can't do this.  Do delete the files manually, here is an
+example for when "/usr/local" was used as the root: >
+	rm -rf /usr/local/share/vim/vim61
+	rm /usr/local/bin/eview
+	rm /usr/local/bin/evim
+	rm /usr/local/bin/ex
+	rm /usr/local/bin/gview
+	rm /usr/local/bin/gvim
+	rm /usr/local/bin/gvim
+	rm /usr/local/bin/gvimdiff
+	rm /usr/local/bin/rgview
+	rm /usr/local/bin/rgvim
+	rm /usr/local/bin/rview
+	rm /usr/local/bin/rvim
+	rm /usr/local/bin/rvim
+	rm /usr/local/bin/view
+	rm /usr/local/bin/vim
+	rm /usr/local/bin/vimdiff
+	rm /usr/local/bin/vimtutor
+	rm /usr/local/bin/xxd
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/eview.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/evim.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/ex.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/gview.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/gvim.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/gvimdiff.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/rgview.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/rgvim.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/rview.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/rvim.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/view.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/vim.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/vimdiff.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/vimtutor.1
+	rm /usr/local/man/man1/xxd.1
+MS-WINDOWS
+If you installed Vim with the self-installing archive you can run
+the "uninstall-gui" program located in the same directory as the other Vim
+programs, e.g. "c:\vim\vim61".  You can also launch it from the Start menu if
+installed the Vim entries there.  This will remove most of the files, menu
+entries and desktop shortcuts.  Some files may remain however, as they need a
+Windows restart before being deleted.
+You will be given the option to remove the whole "vim" directory.  It
+probably contains your vimrc file and other runtime files that you created, so
+be careful.
+Else, if you installed Vim with the zip archives, the preferred way is to use
+the "uninstal" program (note the missing l at the end).  You can find it in
+the same directory as the "install" program, e.g., "c:\vim\vim61".  This
+should also work from the usual "install/remove software" page.
+However, this only removes the registry entries for Vim.  You have to
+delete the files yourself.  Simply select the directory "vim\vim61" and delete
+it recursively.  There should be no files there that you changed, but you
+might want to check that first.
+The "vim" directory probably contains your vimrc file and other runtime
+files that you created.  You might want to keep that.
+==============================================================================
+Table of contents: |usr_toc.txt|
+Copyright: see |manual-copyright|  vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:

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comparison runtime/doc/usr_90.txt @ 7:3fc0f57ecb91 v7.0001