annotate runtime/tutor/tutor.sv.utf-8 @ 20001:502a6c9b3974 v8.2.0556

patch 8.2.0556: Vim9: memory leak when finding common type Commit: https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/c5f1ef53c24cc0c9f7b2131609e916f913634feb Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> Date: Sun Apr 12 17:11:27 2020 +0200 patch 8.2.0556: Vim9: memory leak when finding common type Problem: Vim9: memory leak when finding common type. Solution: Store allocated memory in type growarray.
author Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
date Sun, 12 Apr 2020 17:15:03 +0200
parents b9740fb41986
children e69e7133c9cf
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1 ===============================================================================
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2 = V ä l k o m m e n t i l l h a n d l e d n i n g e n i V i m - Ver. 1.5 =
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3 ===============================================================================
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4
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5 Vim är en väldigt kraftfull redigerare som har många kommandon, alltför
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6 många att förklara i en handledning som denna. Den här handledningen är
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7 gjord för att förklara tillräckligt många kommandon så att du enkelt ska
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8 kunna använda Vim som en redigerare för alla ändamål.
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9
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10 Den beräknade tiden för att slutföra denna handledning är 25-30 minuter,
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11 beroende på hur mycket tid som läggs ned på experimentering.
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12
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13 Kommandona i lektionerna kommer att modifiera texten. Gör en kopia av den
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14 här filen att öva på (om du startade "vimtutor är det här redan en kopia).
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15
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16 Det är viktigt att komma ihåg att den här handledningen är konstruerad
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17 att lära vid användning. Det betyder att du måste köra kommandona för att
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18 lära dig dem ordentligt. Om du bara läser texten så kommer du att glömma
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19 kommandona!
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20
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21 Försäkra dig nu om att din Caps-Lock tangent INTE är aktiv och tryck på
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22 j-tangenten tillräckligt många gånger för att förflytta markören så att
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23 Lektion 1.1 fyller skärmen helt.
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24 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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25 Lektion 1.1: FLYTTA MARKÖREN
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26
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27
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28 ** För att flytta markören, tryck på tangenterna h,j,k,l som indikerat. **
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29 ^
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30 k Tips:
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31 < h l > h-tangenten är till vänster och flyttar till vänster.
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32 j l-tangenten är till höger och flyttar till höger.
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33 v j-tangenten ser ut som en pil ned.
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34 1. Flytta runt markören på skärmen tills du känner dig bekväm.
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35
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36 2. Håll ned tangenten pil ned (j) tills att den repeterar.
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37 ---> Nu vet du hur du tar dig till nästa lektion.
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38
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39 3. Flytta till Lektion 1.2, med hjälp av ned tangenten.
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40
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41 Notera: Om du är osäker på någonting du skrev, tryck <ESC> för att placera dig
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42 dig i Normal-läge. Skriv sedan om kommandot.
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43
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44 Notera: Piltangenterna borde också fungera. Men om du använder hjkl så kommer
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45 du att kunna flytta omkring mycket snabbare, när du väl vant dig vid
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46 det.
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47
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48 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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49 Lektion 1.2: STARTA OCH AVSLUTA VIM
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50
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51
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52 !! NOTERA: Innan du utför någon av punkterna nedan, läs hela lektionen!!
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53
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54 1. Tryck <ESC>-tangenten (för att se till att du är i Normal-läge).
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55
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56 2. Skriv: :q! <ENTER>.
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57
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58 ---> Detta avslutar redigeraren UTAN att spara några ändringar du gjort.
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59 Om du vill spara ändringarna och avsluta skriv:
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60 :wq <ENTER>
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61
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62 3. När du ser skal-prompten, skriv kommandot som tog dig in i den här
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63 handledningen. Det kan vara: vimtutor <ENTER>
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64 Normalt vill du använda: vim tutor <ENTER>
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65
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66 ---> 'vim' betyder öppna redigeraren vim, 'tutor' är filen du vill redigera.
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67
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68 4. Om du har memorerat dessa steg och känner dig självsäker, kör då stegen
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69 1 till 3 för att avsluta och starta om redigeraren. Flytta sedan ned
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70 markören till Lektion 1.3.
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71 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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72 Lektion 1.3: TEXT REDIGERING - BORTTAGNING
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73
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74
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75 ** När du är i Normal-läge tryck x för att ta bort tecknet under markören. **
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76
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77 1. Flytta markören till raden nedan med markeringen --->.
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78
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79 2. För att rätta felen, flytta markören tills den står på tecknet som ska
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80 tas bort. fix the errors, move the cursor until it is on top of the
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81
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82 3. Tryck på x-tangenten för att ta bort det felaktiga tecknet.
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83
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84 4. Upprepa steg 2 till 4 tills meningen är korrekt.
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85
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86 ---> Kkon hoppadee övverr måånen.
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87
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88 5. Nu när raden är korrekt, gå till Lektion 1.4.
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89
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90 NOTERA: När du går igenom den här handledningen, försök inte att memorera, lär
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91 genom användning.
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92
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93
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94
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95 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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96 Lektion 1.4: TEXT REDIGERING - INFOGNING
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97
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98
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99 ** När du är i Normal-läge tryck i för att infoga text. **
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100
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101 1. Flytta markören till den första raden nedan med markeringen --->.
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102
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103 2. För att göra den första raden likadan som den andra, flytta markören till
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104 det första tecknet EFTER där text ska infogas.
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105
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106 3. Tryck i och skriv in det som saknas.
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107
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108 4. När du rättat ett fel tryck <ESC> för att återgå till Normal-läge.
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109 Upprepa steg 2 till 4 för att rätta meningen.
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110
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111 ---> Det sakns här .
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112 ---> Det saknas lite text från den här raden.
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113
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114 5. När du känner dig bekväm med att infoga text, gå till sammanfattningen
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115 nedan.
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116
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117
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118
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119 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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120 LEKTION 1 SAMMANFATTNING
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121
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122
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123 1. Markören flyttas genom att använda piltangenterna eller hjkl-tangenterna.
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124 h (vänster) j (ned) k (upp) l (höger)
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125
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126 2. För att starta Vim (från %-prompten) skriv: vim FILNAMN <ENTER>
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127
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128 3. För att avsluta Vim skriv: <ESC> :q! <ENTER> för att kasta ändringar.
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129 ELLER skriv: <ESC> :wq <ENTER> för att spara ändringar.
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130
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131 4. För att ta bort tecknet under markören i Normal-läge skriv: x
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132
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133 5. För att infoga text vid markören i Normal-läge skriv:
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134 i skriv in text <ESC>
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135
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136 NOTERA: Genom att trycka <ESC> kommer du att placeras i Normal-läge eller
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137 avbryta ett delvis färdigskrivet kommando.
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138
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139 Fortsätt nu med Lektion 2.
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140
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141
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142 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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143 Lektion 2.1: BORTTAGNINGSKOMMANDON
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144
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145
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146 ** Skriv dw för att radera till slutet av ett ord. **
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147
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148 1. Tryck <ESC> för att försäkra dig om att du är i Normal-läge.
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149
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150 2. Flytta markören till raden nedan markerad --->.
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151
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152 3. Flytta markören till början av ett ord som måste raderas.
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153
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154 4. Skriv dw för att radera ordet.
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155
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156 NOTERA: Bokstäverna dw kommer att synas på den sista raden på skärmen när
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157 du skriver dem. Om du skrev något fel, tryck <ESC> och börja om.
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158
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159 ---> Det är ett några ord roliga att som inte hör hemma i den här meningen.
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160
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161 5. Upprepa stegen 3 och 4 tills meningen är korrekt och gå till Lektion 2.2.
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162
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163
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164
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165 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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166 Lektion 2.2: FLER BORTTAGNINGSKOMMANDON
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167
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168
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169 ** Skriv d$ för att radera till slutet på raden. **
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170
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171 1. Tryck <ESC> för att försäkra dig om att du är i Normal-läge.
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172
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173 2. Flytta markören till raden nedan markerad --->.
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174
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175 3. Flytta markören till slutet på den rätta raden (EFTER den första . ).
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176
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177 4. Skriv d$ för att radera till slutet på raden.
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178
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179 ---> Någon skrev slutet på den här raden två gånger. den här raden två gånger.
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180
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181
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182 5. Gå vidare till Lektion 2.3 för att förstå vad det är som händer.
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183
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184
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185
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186
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187
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188 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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189 Lesson 2.3: KOMMANDON OCH OBJEKT
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190
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191
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192 Syntaxen för d raderingskommandot är följande:
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193
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194 [nummer] d objekt ELLER d [nummer] objekt
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195 Var:
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196 nummer - är antalet upprepningar av kommandot (valfritt, standard=1).
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197 d - är kommandot för att radera.
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198 objekt - är vad kommandot kommer att operera på (listade nedan).
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199
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200 En kort lista över objekt:
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201 w - från markören till slutet av ordet, inklusive blanksteget.
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202 e - från markören till slutet av ordet, EJ inklusive blanksteget.
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203 $ - från markören till slutet på raden.
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204
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205 NOTERA: För den äventyrslystne, genom att bara trycka på objektet i
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206 Normal-läge (utan kommando) så kommer markören att flyttas som
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207 angivet i objektlistan.
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208
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209
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210
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211
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212 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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213 Lektion 2.4: ETT UNDANTAG TILL 'KOMMANDO-OBJEKT'
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214
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215
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216 ** Skriv dd för att radera hela raden. **
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217
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218 På grund av hur vanligt det är att ta bort hela rader, valde upphovsmannen
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219 till Vi att det skulle vara enklare att bara trycka d två gånger i rad för
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220 att ta bort en rad.
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221
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222 1. Flytta markören till den andra raden i frasen nedan.
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223 2. Skriv dd för att radera raden.
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224 3. Flytta nu till den fjärde raden.
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225 4. Skriv 2dd (kom ihåg: nummer-kommando-objekt) för att radera de två
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226 raderna.
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227
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228 1) Roses are red,
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229 2) Mud is fun,
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230 3) Violets are blue,
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231 4) I have a car,
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232 5) Clocks tell time,
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233 6) Sugar is sweet
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234 7) And so are you.
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235
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236
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237 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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238 Lektion 2.5: ÅNGRA-KOMMANDOT
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239
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240
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241 ** Skriv u för att ångra det senaste kommandona, U för att fixa en hel rad. **
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242
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243 1. Flytta markören till slutet av raden nedan markerad ---> och placera den
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244 på det första felet.
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245 2. Skriv x för att radera den första felaktiga tecknet.
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246 3. Skriv nu u för att ångra det senaste körda kommandot.
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247 4. Rätta den här gången alla felen på raden med x-kommandot.
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248 5. Skriv nu U för att återställa raden till dess ursprungliga utseende.
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249 6. Skriv nu u några gånger för att ångra U och tidigare kommandon.
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250 7. Tryck nu CTRL-R (håll inne CTRL samtidigt som du trycker R) några gånger
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251 för att upprepa kommandona (ångra ångringarna).
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252
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253 ---> Fiixa felen ppå deen häär meningen och återskapa dem med ångra.
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254
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255 8. Det här är väldigt användbara kommandon. Gå nu vidare till
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256 Lektion 2 Sammanfattning.
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257
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258
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259
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260
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261 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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262 LEKTION 2 SAMMANFATTNING
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263
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264
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265 1. För att radera från markören till slutet av ett ord skriv: dw
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266
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267 2. För att radera från markören till slutet av en rad skriv: d$
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268
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269 3. För att radera en hel rad skriv: dd
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270
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271 4. Syntaxen för ett kommando i Normal-läge är:
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272
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273 [nummer] kommando objekt ELLER kommando [nummer] objekt
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274 där:
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275 nummer - är hur många gånger kommandot kommandot ska repeteras
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276 kommando - är vad som ska göras, t.ex. d för att radera
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277 objekt - är vad kommandot ska operera på, som t.ex. w (ord),
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278 $ (till slutet av raden), etc.
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279
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280 5. För att ångra tidigare kommandon, skriv: u (litet u)
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281 För att ångra alla tidigare ändringar på en rad skriv: U (stort U)
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282 För att ångra ångringar tryck: CTRL-R
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283
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284 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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285 Lektion 3.1: KLISTRA IN-KOMMANDOT
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286
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287
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288 ** Skriv p för att klistra in den senaste raderingen efter markören. **
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289
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290 1. Flytta markören till den första raden i listan nedan.
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291
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292 2. Skriv dd för att radera raden och lagra den i Vims buffert.
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293
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294 3. Flytta markören till raden OVANFÖR där den raderade raden borde vara.
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295
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296 4. När du är i Normal-läge, skriv p för att byta ut raden.
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297
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298 5. Repetera stegen 2 till 4 för att klistra in alla rader i rätt ordning.
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299
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300 d) Kan du lära dig också?
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301 b) Violetter är blå,
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302 c) Intelligens fås genom lärdom,
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303 a) Rosor är röda,
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304
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305
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diff changeset
306
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307 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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308 Lesson 3.2: ERSÄTT-KOMMANDOT
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309
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310
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311 ** Skriv r och ett tecken för att ersätta tecknet under markören. **
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312
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313 1. Flytta markören till den första raden nedan markerad --->.
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314
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315 2. Flytta markören så att den står på det första felet.
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316
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317 3. Skriv r och sedan det tecken som borde ersätta felet.
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318
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319 4. Repetera steg 2 och 3 tills den första raden är korrekt.
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320
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321 ---> När drn här ruden skrevs, trickte någon på fil knappar!
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322 ---> När den här raden skrevs, tryckte någon på fel knappar!
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323
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324 5. Gå nu vidare till Lektion 3.2.
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325
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326 NOTERA: Kom ihåg att du skall lära dig genom användning, inte genom memorering.
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327
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328
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329
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330 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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331 Lektion 3.3: ÄNDRA-KOMMANDOT
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332
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333
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334 ** För att ändra en del eller ett helt ord, skriv cw . **
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335
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336 1. Flytta markören till den första redan nedan markerad --->.
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337
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338 2. Placera markören på d i rdrtn.
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339
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340 3. Skriv cw och det rätta ordet (i det här fallet, skriv "aden".)
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parents:
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341
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342 4. Tryck <ESC> och flytta markören till nästa fel (det första tecknet som
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343 ska ändras.)
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344
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345 5. Repetera steg 3 och 4 tills den första raden är likadan som den andra.
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346
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347 ---> Den här rdrtn har några otf som brhotrt ändras mrf ändra-komjendit.
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parents:
diff changeset
348 ---> Den här raden har några ord som behöver ändras med ändra-kommandot.
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349
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350 Notera att cw inte bara ändrar ordet, utan även placerar dig i infogningsläge.
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351
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352
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353
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354 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
355 Lektion 3.4: FLER ÄNDRINGAR MED c
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parents:
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356
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357
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358 ** Ändra-kommandot används på samma objekt som radera. **
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359
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360 1. Ändra-kommandot fungerar på samma sätt som radera. Syntaxen är:
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361
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362 [nummer] c objekt ELLER c [nummer] objekt
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363
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364 2. Objekten är också de samma, som t.ex. w (ord), $ (slutet av raden), etc.
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parents:
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365
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366 3. Flytta till den första raden nedan markerad -->.
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parents:
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367
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parents:
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368 4. Flytta markören till det första felet.
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369
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370 5. Skriv c$ för att göra resten av raden likadan som den andra och tryck
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parents:
diff changeset
371 <ESC>.
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372
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373 ---> Slutet på den här raden behöver hjälp med att få den att likna den andra.
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374 ---> Slutet på den här raden behöver rättas till med c$-kommandot.
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375
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parents:
diff changeset
376
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
377
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parents:
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378 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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parents:
diff changeset
379 LEKTION 3 SAMMANFATTNING
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
380
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
381
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
382 1. För att ersätta text som redan har blivit raderad, skriv p .
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
383 Detta klistrar in den raderade texten EFTER markören (om en rad raderades
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
384 kommer den att hamna på raden under markören.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
385
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
386 2. För att ersätta tecknet under markören, skriv r och sedan tecknet som
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
387 kommer att ersätta orginalet.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
388
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
389 3. Ändra-kommandot låter dig ändra det angivna objektet från markören till
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
390 slutet på objektet. eg. Skriv cw för att ändra från markören till slutet
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
391 på ordet, c$ för att ändra till slutet på en rad.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
392
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
393 4. Syntaxen för ändra-kommandot är:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
394
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
395 [nummer] c objekt ELLER c [nummer] objekt
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
396
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
397 Gå nu till nästa lektion.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
398
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
399
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
400
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
401 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
402 Lektion 4.1: POSITION OCH FILSTATUS
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
403
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
404
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
405 ** Tryck CTRL-g för att visa din position i filen och filstatusen.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
406 Tryck SHIFT-G för att flytta till en rad i filen. **
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
407
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
408 Notera: Läsa hela den lektion innan du utför något av stegen!!
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
409
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
410 1. Håll ned Ctrl-tangenten och tryck g . En statusrad med filnamn och raden
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
411 du befinner dig på kommer att synas. Kom ihåg radnummret till Steg 3.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
412
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
413 2. Tryck shift-G för att flytta markören till slutet på filen.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
414
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
415 3. Skriv in nummret på raden du var på och tryck sedan shift-G. Detta kommer
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
416 att ta dig tillbaka till raden du var på när du först tryckte Ctrl-g.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
417 (När du skriver in nummren, kommer de INTE att visas på skärmen.)
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
418
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
419 4. Om du känner dig säker på det här, utför steg 1 till 3.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
420
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
421
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
422
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
423 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
424 Lektion 4.2: SÖK-KOMMANDOT
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
425
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
426
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
427 ** Skriv / följt av en fras för att söka efter frasen. **
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
428
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
429 1. I Normal-läge skriv /-tecknet. Notera att det och markören blir synlig
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
430 längst ned på skärmen precis som med :-kommandot.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
431
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
432 2. Skriv nu "feeel" <ENTER>. Det här är ordet du vill söka efter.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
433
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
434 3. För att söka efter samma fras igen, tryck helt enkelt n .
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
435 För att söka efter samma fras igen i motsatt riktning, tryck Shift-N .
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
436
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
437 4. Om du vill söka efter en fras bakåt i filen, använd kommandot ? istället
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
438 för /.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
439
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
440 ---> "feeel" är inte rätt sätt att stava fel: feeel är ett fel.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
441
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
442 Notera: När sökningen når slutet på filen kommer den att fortsätta vid början.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
443
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
444
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
445 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
446 Lektion 4.3: SÖKNING EFTER MATCHANDE PARENTESER
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
447
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
448
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
449 ** Skriv % för att hitta en matchande ),], or } . **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
450
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
451 1. Placera markören på någon av (, [, or { på raden nedan markerad --->.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
452
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
453 2. Skriv nu %-tecknet.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
454
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
455 3. Markören borde vara på den matchande parentesen eller hakparentesen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
456
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
457 4. Skriv % för att flytta markören tillbaka till den första hakparentesen
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
458 (med matchning).
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
459
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
460 ---> Det ( här är en testrad med (, [ ] och { } i den. ))
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
461
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
462 Notera: Det här är väldigt användbart vid avlusning av ett program med icke
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
463 matchande parenteser!
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
464
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
465
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
466
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
467
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
468
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
469
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
470 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
471 Lektion 4.4: ETT SÄTT ATT ÄNDRA FEL
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
472
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
473
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
474 ** Skriv :s/gammalt/nytt/g för att ersätta "gammalt" med "nytt". **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
475
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
476 1. Flytta markören till raden nedan markerad --->.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
477
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
478 2. Skriv :s/denn/den <ENTER> . Notera att det här kommandot bara ändrar den
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
479 första förekomsten på raden.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
480
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
481 3. Skriv nu :s/denn/den/g vilket betyder ersätt globalt på raden.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
482 Det ändrar alla förekomster på raden.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
483
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
484 ---> denn bästa tiden att se blommor blomma är denn på våren.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
485
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
486 4. För att ändra alla förekomster av en teckensträng mellan två rader,
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
487 skriv :#,#s/gammalt/nytt/g där #,# är de två radernas radnummer.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
488 Skriv :%s/gammtl/nytt/g för att ändra varje förekomst i hela filen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
489
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
490
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
491
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
492
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
493 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
494 LEKTION 4 SAMMANFATTNING
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
495
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
496
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
497 1. Ctrl-g visar din position i filen och filstatusen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
498 Shift-G flyttar till slutet av filen. Ett radnummer följt Shift-G
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
499 flyttar till det radnummret.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
500
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
501 2. Skriver man / följt av en fras söks det FRAMMÅT efter frasen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
502 Skriver man ? följt av en fras söks det BAKÅT efter frasen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
503 Efter en sökning skriv n för att hitta nästa förekomst i samma riktning
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
504 eller Shift-N för att söka i den motsatta riktningen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
505
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
506 3. Skriver man % när markören är på ett (,),[,],{, eller } hittas dess
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
507 matchande par.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
508
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
509 4. För att ersätta den första gammalt med nytt på en rad skriv :s/gammlt/nytt
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
510 För att ersätta alla gammlt med nytt på en rad skriv :s/gammlt/nytt/g
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
511 För att ersätta fraser mellan rad # och rad # skriv :#,#s/gammlt/nytt/g
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
512 För att ersätta alla förekomster i filen skriv :%s/gammlt/nytt/g
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
513 För att bekräfta varje gång lägg till "c" :%s/gammlt/nytt/gc
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
514
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
515
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
516 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
517 Lektion 5.1: HUR MAN KÖR ETT EXTERNT KOMMANDO
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
518
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
519
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
520 ** Skriv :! följt av ett externt kommando för att köra det kommandot. **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
521
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
522 1. Skriv det välbekanta kommandot : för att placera markören längst ned
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
523 på skärmen på skärmen. Detta låter dig skriva in ett kommando.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
524
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
525 2. Skriv nu ! (utropstecken). Detta låter dig köra ett godtyckligt externt
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
526 skalkommando.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
527
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
528 3. Som ett exempel skriv ls efter ! och tryck sedan <ENTER>. Detta kommer
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
529 att visa dig en listning av din katalog, precis som om du kört det vid
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
530 skalprompten. Använd :!dir om ls inte fungerar.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
531
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
532 Notera: Det är möjligt att köra vilket externt kommando som helst på det här
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
533 sättet.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
534
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
535 Notera: Alla :-kommandon måste avslutas med att trycka på <ENTER>
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
536
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
537
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
538
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
539
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
540 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
541 Lektion 5.2: MER OM ATT SPARA FILER
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
542
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
543
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
544 ** För att spara ändringar gjorda i en fil, skriv :w FILNAMN. **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
545
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
546 1. Skriv :!dir eller :!ls för att få en listning av din katalog.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
547 Du vet redan att du måste trycka <ENTER> efter det här.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
548
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
549 2. Välj ett filnamn som inte redan existerar, som t.ex. TEST.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
550
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
551 3. Skriv nu: :w TEST (där TEST är filnamnet du valt.)
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
552
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
553 4. Det här sparar hela filen (Vim handledningen) under namnet TEST.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
554 För att verifiera detta, skriv :!dir igen för att se din katalog
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
555
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
556 Notera: Om du skulle avsluta Vim och sedan öppna igen med filnamnet TEST så
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
557 skulle filen vara en exakt kopia av handledningen när du sparade den.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
558
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
559 5. Ta nu bort filen genom att skriva (MS-DOS): :!del TEST
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
560 eller (Unix): :!rm TEST
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
561
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
562
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
563 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
564 Lektion 5.3: ETT SELEKTIVT SPARA-KOMMANDO
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
565
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
566
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
567 ** För att spara en del av en fil, skriv :#,# w FILNAMN **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
568
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
569 1. Ännu en gång, skriv :!dir eller :!ls för att få en listning av din
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
570 katalog och välj ett passande filnamn som t.ex. TEST.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
571
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
572 2. Flytta markören högst upp på den här sidan och tryck Ctrl-g för att få
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
573 reda på radnumret på den raden. KOM IHÅG DET NUMMRET!
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
574
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
575 3. Flytta nu längst ned på sidan och skriv Ctrl-g igen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
576 KOM IHÅG DET RADNUMMRET OCKSÅ!
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
577
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
578 4. För att BARA spara en sektion till en fil, skriv :#,# w TEST
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
579 där #,# är de två nummren du kom ihåg (toppen, botten) och TEST är
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
580 ditt filnamn.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
581
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
582 5. Ännu en gång, kolla så att filen är där med :!dir men radera den INTE.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
583
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
584
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
585
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
586
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
587 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
588 Lektion 5.4: TA EMOT OCH FÖRENA FILER
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
589
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
590
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
591 ** För att infoga innehållet av en fil, skriv :r FILNAMN **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
592
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
593 1. Skriv :!dir för att försäkra dig om att TEST-filen från tidigare
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
594 fortfarande är kvar.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
595
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
596 2. Placera markören högst upp på den här sidan.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
597
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
598 NOTERA: Efter att du kört Steg 3 kommer du att se Lektion 5.3.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
599 Flytta då NED till den här lektionen igen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
600
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
601 3. Ta nu emot din TEST-fil med kommandot :r TEST där TEST är namnet på
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
602 filen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
603
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
604 NOTERA: Filen du tar emot placeras där markören är placerad.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
605
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
606 4. För att verifiera att filen togs emot, gå tillbaka och notera att det nu
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
607 finns två kopior av Lektion 5.3, orginalet och filversionen.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
608
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
609
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
610
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
611 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
612 LEKTION 5 SAMMANFATTNING
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
613
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
614
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
615 1. :!kommando kör ett externt kommando.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
616
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
617 Några användbara exempel är:
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
618 (MS-DOS) (Unix)
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
619 :!dir :!ls - visar en kataloglistning.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
620 :!del FILNAMN :!rm FILNAMN - tar bort filen FILNAMN.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
621
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
622 2. :w FILNAMN sparar den aktuella Vim-filen med namnet FILNAMN.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
623
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
624 3. :#,#w FILNAMN sparar raderna # till # i filen FILNAMN.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
625
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
626 4. :r FILNAMN tar emot filen FILNAMN och infogar den i den aktuella filen
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
627 efter markören.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
628
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
629
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
630
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
631
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
632
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
633
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
634 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
635 Lektion 6.1: ÖPPNA-KOMMANDOT
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
636
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
637
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
638 ** Skriv o för att öppna en rad under markören och placera dig i
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
639 Infoga-läge. **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
640
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
641 1. Flytta markören till raden nedan markerad --->.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
642
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
643 2. Skriv o (litet o) för att öppna upp en rad NEDANFÖR markören och placera
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
644 dig i Infoga-mode.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
645
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
646 3. Kopiera nu raden markerad ---> och tryck <ESC> för att avsluta
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
647 Infoga-läget.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
648
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
649 ---> Efter du skrivit o placerad markören på en öppen rad i Infoga-läge.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
650
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
651 4. För att öppna upp en rad OVANFÖR markören, skriv ett stort O , istället
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
652 för ett litet o. Pröva detta på raden nedan.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
653 Öppna upp en rad ovanför denna genom att trycka Shift-O när markören står här.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
654
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
655
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
656
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
657
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
658
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
659 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
660 Lektion 6.2: LÄGG TILL-KOMMANDOT
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
661
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
662
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
663 ** Skriv a för att infoga text EFTER markören. **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
664
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
665 1. Flytta markören till slutet av den första raden nedan markerad ---> genom
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
666 att skriv $ i Normal-läge.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
667
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
668 2. Skriv ett a (litet a) för att lägga till text EFTER tecknet under
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
669 markören. (Stort A lägger till i slutet av raden.)
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
670
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
671 Notera: Detta undviker att behöva skriva i , det sista tecknet, texten att
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
672 infoga, <ESC>, högerpil, och slutligen, x, bara för att lägga till i
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
673 slutet på en rad!
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
674
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
675 3. Gör nu färdigt den första raden. Notera också att lägga till är likadant
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
676 som Infoga-läge, enda skillnaden är positionen där texten blir infogad.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
677
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
678 ---> Här kan du träna
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
679 ---> Här kan du träna på att lägga till text i slutet på en rad.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
680
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
681
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
682
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
683 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
684 Lektion 6.3: EN ANNAN VERSION AV ERSÄTT
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
685
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
686
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
687 ** Skriv ett stort R för att ersätta fler än ett tecken. **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
688
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
689 1. Flytta markören till den första raden nedan markerad --->.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
690
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
691 2. Placera markören vid början av det första ordet som är annorlunda jämfört
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
692 med den andra raden markerad ---> (ordet "sista").
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
693
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
694 3. Skriv nu R och ersätt resten av texten på den första raden genom att
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
695 skriva över den gamla texten så att den första raden blir likadan som
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
696 den andra.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
697
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
698 ---> För att få den första raden lika som den sista, använd tangenterna.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
699 ---> För att få den första raden lika som den andra, skriv R och den nya texten.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
700
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
701 4. Notera att när du trycker <ESC> för att avsluta, så blir eventuell
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
702 oförändrad text kvar.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
703
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
704
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
705
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
706
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
707
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
708 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
709 Lektion 6.4: SÄTT FLAGGOR
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
710
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
711 ** Sätt en flagga så att en sökning eller ersättning ignorerar storlek **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
712
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
713 1. Sök efter "ignore" genom att skriva:
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
714 /ignore
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
715 Repetera flera gånger genom att trycka på n-tangenten
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
716
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
717 2. Sätt 'ic' (Ignore Case) flaggan genom att skriva:
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
718 :set ic
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
719
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
720 3. Sök nu efter "ignore" igen genom att trycka: n
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
721 Repeat search several more times by hitting the n key
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
722
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
723 4. Sätt 'hlsearch' and 'incsearch' flaggorna:
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
724 :set hls is
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
725
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
726 5. Skriv nu in sök-kommandot igen, och se vad som händer:
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
727 /ignore
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
728
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
729 6. För att ta bort framhävningen av träffar, skriv
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
730 :nohlsearch
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
731 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
732 LEKTION 6 SAMMANFATTNING
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
733
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
734
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
735 1. Genom att skriva o öpnnas en rad NEDANFÖR markören och markören placeras
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
736 på den öppna raden i Infoga-läge.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
737 Genom att skriva ett stort O öppnas raden OVANFÖR raden som markören är
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
738 på.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
739
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
740 2. Skriv ett a för att infoga text EFTER tecknet som markören står på.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
741 Genom att skriva ett stort A läggs text automatiskt till i slutet på
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
742 raden.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
743
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
744 3. Genom att skriva ett stort R hamnar du i Ersätt-läge till <ESC> trycks
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
745 för att avsluta.
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
746
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
747 4. Genom att skriva ":set xxx" sätts flaggan "xxx"
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
748
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
749
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
750
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
751
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
752
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
753
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
754
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
755
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
756
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
757 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
758 LEKTION 7: ON-LINE HJÄLP-KOMMANDON
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
759
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
760
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
761 ** Använd on-line hjälpsystemet **
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
762
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
763 Vim har ett omfattande on-line hjälpsystem. För att komma igång pröva ett av
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
764 dessa tre:
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
765 - tryck <HELP> tangenten (om du har någon)
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
766 - tryck <F1> tangenten (om du har någon)
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vimboss
parents:
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767 - skriv :help <ENTER>
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vimboss
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768
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vimboss
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diff changeset
769 Skriv :q <ENTER> för att stränga hjälpfönstret.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
770
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vimboss
parents:
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771 Du kan hitta hjälp om nästan allting, genom att ge ett argument till
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
772 ":help" kommandot. Pröva dessa (glöm inte att trycka <ENTER>):
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
773
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
774 :help w
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
775 :help c_<T
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
776 :help insert-index
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
777 :help user-manual
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
778
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
779
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vimboss
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780 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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vimboss
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781 LEKTION 8: SKAPA ETT UPPSTARTSSKRIPT
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
782
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vimboss
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783 ** Aktivera Vim- funktioner **
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vimboss
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diff changeset
784
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vimboss
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diff changeset
785 Vim har många fler funktioner än Vi, men de flesta av dem är inaktiverade som
b9740fb41986 updated for version 7.2a
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
786 standard. För att börja använda fler funktioner måste du skapa en "vimrc"-fil.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
787
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
788 1. Börja redigera "vimrc"-filen, detta beror på ditt system:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
789 :edit ~/.vimrc för Unix
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
790 :edit $VIM/_vimrc för MS-Windows
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
791
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
792 2. Läs nu texten i exempel "vimrc"-filen:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
793
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vimboss
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diff changeset
794 :read $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
795
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
796 3. Spara filen med:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
797
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
798 :write
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
799
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
800 Nästa gång du startar Vim kommer den att använda syntaxframhävning.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
801 Du kan lägga till alla inställningar du föredrar till den här "vimrc"-filen.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
802
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
803 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
804
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
805 Detta avslutar handledningen i Vim. Den var avsedd att ge en kort översikt av
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
806 redigeraren Vim, bara tillräckligt för att du ska kunna använda redigeraren
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
807 relativt enkelt. Den är långt ifrån komplett eftersom Vim har många många fler
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
808 kommandon. Läs användarmanualen härnäst: ":help user-manual".
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
809
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
810 För vidare läsning rekommenderas den här boken:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
811 Vim - Vi Improved - av Steve Oualline
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
812 Förlag: New Riders
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
813 Den första boken som är endast behandlar Vim. Speciellt användbar för
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
814 nybörjare. Det finns många exempel och bilder.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
815 Se http://iccf-holland.org/click5.html
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
816
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
817 Den här boken är äldre och behandlar mer Vi än Vim, men rekommenderas också:
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
818 Learning the Vi Editor - av Linda Lamb
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
819 Förlag: O'Reilly & Associates Inc.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
820 Det är en bra bok för att lära sig nästan allt som du vill kunna göra med Vi.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
821 Den sjätte upplagan inkluderar också information om Vim.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
822
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
823 Den här handledningen är skriven av Michael C. Pierce och Robert K. Ware,
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
824 Colorado School of Mines med idéer från Charles Smith,
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
825 Colorado State University. E-post: bware@mines.colorado.edu.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
826
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
827 Modifierad för Vim av Bram Moolenaar.
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
828 Översatt av Johan Svedberg <johan@svedberg.com>
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
829
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
830 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~