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1 *hebrew.txt* For Vim version 8.1. Last change: 2007 Jun 14
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Ron Aaron (and Avner Lottem)
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7 Hebrew Language support (options & mapping) for Vim *hebrew*
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8
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9 The supporting 'rightleft' functionality was originally created by Avner
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10 Lottem. <alottem at gmail dot com> Ron Aaron <ron at ronware dot org> is
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11 currently helping support these features.
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12
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13 {Vi does not have any of these commands}
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14
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15 All this is only available when the |+rightleft| feature was enabled at
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16 compile time.
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17
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18
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19 Introduction
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20 ------------
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21 Hebrew-specific options are 'hkmap', 'hkmapp' 'keymap'=hebrew and 'aleph'.
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22 Hebrew-useful options are 'delcombine', 'allowrevins', 'revins', 'rightleft'
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23 and 'rightleftcmd'.
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24
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25 The 'rightleft' mode reverses the display order, so characters are displayed
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26 from right to left instead of the usual left to right. This is useful
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27 primarily when editing Hebrew or other Middle-Eastern languages.
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28 See |rileft.txt| for further details.
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29
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30 Details
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31 --------------
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32 + Options:
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33 + 'rightleft' ('rl') sets window orientation to right-to-left. This means
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34 that the logical text 'ABC' will be displayed as 'CBA', and will start
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35 drawing at the right edge of the window, not the left edge.
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36 + 'hkmap' ('hk') sets keyboard mapping to Hebrew, in insert/replace modes.
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37 + 'aleph' ('al'), numeric, holds the decimal code of Aleph, for keyboard
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38 mapping.
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39 + 'hkmapp' ('hkp') sets keyboard mapping to 'phonetic hebrew'
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40
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41 NOTE: these three ('hkmap', 'hkmapp' and 'aleph') are obsolete. You should
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42 use ":set keymap=hebrewp" instead.
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43
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44 + 'delcombine' ('deco'), boolean, if editing UTF-8 encoded Hebrew, allows
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45 one to remove the niqud or te`amim by pressing 'x' on a character (with
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46 associated niqud).
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47
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48 + 'rightleftcmd' ('rlc') makes the command-prompt for searches show up on
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49 the right side. It only takes effect if the window is 'rightleft'.
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50
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51 + Encoding:
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52 + Under Unix, ISO 8859-8 encoding (Hebrew letters codes: 224-250).
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53 + Under MS DOS, PC encoding (Hebrew letters codes: 128-154).
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54 These are defaults, that can be overridden using the 'aleph' option.
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55 + You should prefer using UTF8, as it supports the combining-characters
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56 ('deco' does nothing if UTF8 encoding is not active).
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57
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58 + Vim arguments:
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59 + 'vim -H file' starts editing a Hebrew file, i.e. 'rightleft' and 'hkmap'
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60 are set.
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61
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62 + Keyboard:
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63 + The 'allowrevins' option enables the CTRL-_ command in Insert mode and
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64 in Command-line mode.
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65
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66 + CTRL-_ in insert/replace modes toggles 'revins' and 'hkmap' as follows:
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67
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68 When in rightleft window, 'revins' and 'nohkmap' are toggled, since
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69 English will likely be inserted in this case.
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70
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71 When in norightleft window, 'revins' 'hkmap' are toggled, since Hebrew
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72 will likely be inserted in this case.
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73
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74 CTRL-_ moves the cursor to the end of the typed text.
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75
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76 + CTRL-_ in command mode only toggles keyboard mapping (see Bugs below).
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77 This setting is independent of 'hkmap' option, which only applies to
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78 insert/replace mode.
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79
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80 Note: On some keyboards, CTRL-_ is mapped to CTRL-?.
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81
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82 + Keyboard mapping while 'hkmap' is set (standard Israeli keyboard):
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83
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84 q w e r t y u i o p
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85 / ' ק ר א ט ו ן ם פ
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86
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87 a s d f g h j k l ; '
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88 ש ד ג כ ע י ח ל ך ף ,
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89
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90 z x c v b n m , . /
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91 ז ס ב ה נ מ צ ת ץ .
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92
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93 This is also the keymap when 'keymap=hebrew' is set. The advantage of
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94 'keymap' is that it works properly when using UTF8, e.g. it inserts the
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95 correct characters; 'hkmap' does not. The 'keymap' keyboard can also
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96 insert niqud and te`amim. To see what those mappings are, look at the
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97 keymap file 'hebrew.vim' etc.
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98
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99
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100 Typing backwards
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101
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102 If the 'revins' (reverse insert) option is set, inserting happens backwards.
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103 This can be used to type Hebrew. When inserting characters the cursor is not
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104 moved and the text moves rightwards. A <BS> deletes the character under the
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105 cursor. CTRL-W and CTRL-U also work in the opposite direction. <BS>, CTRL-W
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106 and CTRL-U do not stop at the start of insert or end of line, no matter how
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107 the 'backspace' option is set.
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108
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109 There is no reverse replace mode (yet).
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110
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111 If the 'showmode' option is set, "-- REVERSE INSERT --" will be shown in the
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112 status line when reverse Insert mode is active.
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113
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114 When the 'allowrevins' option is set, reverse Insert mode can be also entered
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115 via CTRL-_, which has some extra functionality: First, keyboard mapping is
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116 changed according to the window orientation -- if in a left-to-right window,
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117 'revins' is used to enter Hebrew text, so the keyboard changes to Hebrew
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118 ('hkmap' is set); if in a right-to-left window, 'revins' is used to enter
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119 English text, so the keyboard changes to English ('hkmap' is reset). Second,
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120 when exiting 'revins' via CTRL-_, the cursor moves to the end of the typed
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121 text (if possible).
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122
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123
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124 Pasting when in a rightleft window
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125 ----------------------------------
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126 When cutting text with the mouse and pasting it in a rightleft window
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127 the text will be reversed, because the characters come from the cut buffer
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128 from the left to the right, while inserted in the file from the right to
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129 the left. In order to avoid it, toggle 'revins' (by typing CTRL-? or CTRL-_)
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130 before pasting.
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131
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132
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133 Hebrew characters and the 'isprint' variable
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134 --------------------------------------------
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135 Sometimes Hebrew character codes are in the non-printable range defined by
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136 the 'isprint' variable. For example in the Linux console, the Hebrew font
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137 encoding starts from 128, while the default 'isprint' variable is @,161-255.
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138 The result is that all Hebrew characters are displayed as ~x. To solve this
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139 problem, set isprint=@,128-255.
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140
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141
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142 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl:
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