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annotate runtime/doc/tagsrch.txt @ 18501:c9777bf23eb8
Added tag v8.1.2244 for changeset c0445cb7cfe0432628191cc5c7d21400bd2dab75
| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Sat, 02 Nov 2019 23:30:04 +0100 |
| parents | 235cbf491430 |
| children | e9a47bcf7b94 |
| rev | line source |
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| 17036 | 1 *tagsrch.txt* For Vim version 8.1. Last change: 2019 Jun 10 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Tags and special searches *tags-and-searches* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 See section |29.1| of the user manual for an introduction. | |
| 10 | |
| 11 1. Jump to a tag |tag-commands| | |
| 12 2. Tag stack |tag-stack| | |
| 13 3. Tag match list |tag-matchlist| | |
| 14 4. Tags details |tag-details| | |
| 15 5. Tags file format |tags-file-format| | |
| 16 6. Include file searches |include-search| | |
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17 7. Using 'tagfunc' |tag-function| |
| 7 | 18 |
| 19 ============================================================================== | |
| 20 1. Jump to a tag *tag-commands* | |
| 21 | |
| 22 *tag* *tags* | |
| 23 A tag is an identifier that appears in a "tags" file. It is a sort of label | |
| 24 that can be jumped to. For example: In C programs each function name can be | |
| 25 used as a tag. The "tags" file has to be generated by a program like ctags, | |
| 26 before the tag commands can be used. | |
| 27 | |
| 28 With the ":tag" command the cursor will be positioned on the tag. With the | |
| 29 CTRL-] command, the keyword on which the cursor is standing is used as the | |
| 30 tag. If the cursor is not on a keyword, the first keyword to the right of the | |
| 31 cursor is used. | |
| 32 | |
| 33 The ":tag" command works very well for C programs. If you see a call to a | |
| 34 function and wonder what that function does, position the cursor inside of the | |
| 35 function name and hit CTRL-]. This will bring you to the function definition. | |
| 36 An easy way back is with the CTRL-T command. Also read about the tag stack | |
| 37 below. | |
| 38 | |
| 39 *:ta* *:tag* *E426* *E429* | |
| 13857 | 40 :[count]ta[g][!] {name} |
| 41 Jump to the definition of {name}, using the | |
| 42 information in the tags file(s). Put {name} in the | |
| 7 | 43 tag stack. See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 13857 | 44 {name} can be a regexp pattern, see |tag-regexp|. |
| 45 When there are several matching tags for {name}, jump | |
| 685 | 46 to the [count] one. When [count] is omitted the |
| 47 first one is jumped to. See |tag-matchlist| for | |
| 48 jumping to other matching tags. | |
| 7 | 49 |
| 50 g<LeftMouse> *g<LeftMouse>* | |
| 51 <C-LeftMouse> *<C-LeftMouse>* *CTRL-]* | |
| 52 CTRL-] Jump to the definition of the keyword under the | |
| 13857 | 53 cursor. Same as ":tag {name}", where {name} is the |
| 685 | 54 keyword under or after cursor. |
| 13857 | 55 When there are several matching tags for {name}, jump |
| 685 | 56 to the [count] one. When no [count] is given the |
| 57 first one is jumped to. See |tag-matchlist| for | |
| 58 jumping to other matching tags. | |
| 7 | 59 |
| 60 *v_CTRL-]* | |
| 13857 | 61 {Visual}CTRL-] Same as ":tag {name}", where {name} is the text that |
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62 is highlighted. |
| 7 | 63 |
| 64 *telnet-CTRL-]* | |
| 65 CTRL-] is the default telnet escape key. When you type CTRL-] to jump to a | |
| 66 tag, you will get the telnet prompt instead. Most versions of telnet allow | |
| 67 changing or disabling the default escape key. See the telnet man page. You | |
| 68 can 'telnet -E {Hostname}' to disable the escape character, or 'telnet -e | |
| 69 {EscapeCharacter} {Hostname}' to specify another escape character. If | |
| 56 | 70 possible, try to use "ssh" instead of "telnet" to avoid this problem. |
| 7 | 71 |
| 72 *tag-priority* | |
| 73 When there are multiple matches for a tag, this priority is used: | |
| 74 1. "FSC" A full matching static tag for the current file. | |
| 75 2. "F C" A full matching global tag for the current file. | |
| 76 3. "F " A full matching global tag for another file. | |
| 77 4. "FS " A full matching static tag for another file. | |
| 78 5. " SC" An ignore-case matching static tag for the current file. | |
| 79 6. " C" An ignore-case matching global tag for the current file. | |
| 80 7. " " An ignore-case matching global tag for another file. | |
| 81 8. " S " An ignore-case matching static tag for another file. | |
| 82 | |
| 83 Note that when the current file changes, the priority list is mostly not | |
| 84 changed, to avoid confusion when using ":tnext". It is changed when using | |
| 13857 | 85 ":tag {name}". |
| 7 | 86 |
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87 The ignore-case matches are not found for a ":tag" command when: |
| 17036 | 88 - 'tagcase' is "followic" and the 'ignorecase' option is off |
| 89 - 'tagcase' is "followscs" and the 'ignorecase' option is off and the | |
| 90 'smartcase' option is off or the pattern contains an upper case character. | |
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91 - 'tagcase' is "match" |
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92 - 'tagcase' is "smart" and the pattern contains an upper case character. |
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93 |
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94 The ignore-case matches are found when: |
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95 - a pattern is used (starting with a "/") |
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96 - for ":tselect" |
| 17036 | 97 - when 'tagcase' is "followic" and 'ignorecase' is on |
| 98 - when 'tagcase' is "followscs" and 'ignorecase' is on or the 'smartcase' | |
| 99 option is on and the pattern does not contain an upper case character | |
| 100 - when 'tagcase' is "ignore" | |
| 101 - when 'tagcase' is "smart" and the patter does not contain an upper case | |
| 102 character | |
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103 |
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104 Note that using ignore-case tag searching disables binary searching in the |
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105 tags file, which causes a slowdown. This can be avoided by fold-case sorting |
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106 the tag file. See the 'tagbsearch' option for an explanation. |
| 7 | 107 |
| 108 ============================================================================== | |
| 109 2. Tag stack *tag-stack* *tagstack* *E425* | |
| 110 | |
| 111 On the tag stack is remembered which tags you jumped to, and from where. | |
| 112 Tags are only pushed onto the stack when the 'tagstack' option is set. | |
| 113 | |
| 114 g<RightMouse> *g<RightMouse>* | |
| 115 <C-RightMouse> *<C-RightMouse>* *CTRL-T* | |
| 116 CTRL-T Jump to [count] older entry in the tag stack | |
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117 (default 1). |
| 7 | 118 |
| 119 *:po* *:pop* *E555* *E556* | |
| 120 :[count]po[p][!] Jump to [count] older entry in tag stack (default 1). | |
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121 See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 122 |
| 123 :[count]ta[g][!] Jump to [count] newer entry in tag stack (default 1). | |
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124 See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 125 |
| 126 *:tags* | |
| 127 :tags Show the contents of the tag stack. The active | |
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128 entry is marked with a '>'. |
| 7 | 129 |
| 130 The output of ":tags" looks like this: | |
| 131 | |
| 2681 | 132 # TO tag FROM line in file/text |
| 7 | 133 1 1 main 1 harddisk2:text/vim/test |
| 134 > 2 2 FuncA 58 i = FuncA(10); | |
| 135 3 1 FuncC 357 harddisk2:text/vim/src/amiga.c | |
| 136 | |
| 137 This list shows the tags that you jumped to and the cursor position before | |
| 138 that jump. The older tags are at the top, the newer at the bottom. | |
| 139 | |
| 140 The '>' points to the active entry. This is the tag that will be used by the | |
| 141 next ":tag" command. The CTRL-T and ":pop" command will use the position | |
| 142 above the active entry. | |
| 143 | |
| 144 Below the "TO" is the number of the current match in the match list. Note | |
| 145 that this doesn't change when using ":pop" or ":tag". | |
| 146 | |
| 147 The line number and file name are remembered to be able to get back to where | |
| 148 you were before the tag command. The line number will be correct, also when | |
| 149 deleting/inserting lines, unless this was done by another program (e.g. | |
| 150 another instance of Vim). | |
| 151 | |
| 2681 | 152 For the current file, the "file/text" column shows the text at the position. |
| 7 | 153 An indent is removed and a long line is truncated to fit in the window. |
| 154 | |
| 155 You can jump to previously used tags with several commands. Some examples: | |
| 156 | |
| 157 ":pop" or CTRL-T to position before previous tag | |
| 158 {count}CTRL-T to position before {count} older tag | |
| 159 ":tag" to newer tag | |
| 160 ":0tag" to last used tag | |
| 161 | |
| 162 The most obvious way to use this is while browsing through the call graph of | |
| 163 a program. Consider the following call graph: | |
| 164 | |
| 165 main ---> FuncA ---> FuncC | |
| 166 ---> FuncB | |
| 167 | |
| 168 (Explanation: main calls FuncA and FuncB; FuncA calls FuncC). | |
| 169 You can get from main to FuncA by using CTRL-] on the call to FuncA. Then | |
| 170 you can CTRL-] to get to FuncC. If you now want to go back to main you can | |
| 171 use CTRL-T twice. Then you can CTRL-] to FuncB. | |
| 172 | |
| 13857 | 173 If you issue a ":ta {name}" or CTRL-] command, this tag is inserted at the |
| 7 | 174 current position in the stack. If the stack was full (it can hold up to 20 |
| 175 entries), the oldest entry is deleted and the older entries shift one | |
| 176 position up (their index number is decremented by one). If the last used | |
| 177 entry was not at the bottom, the entries below the last used one are | |
| 178 deleted. This means that an old branch in the call graph is lost. After the | |
| 179 commands explained above the tag stack will look like this: | |
| 180 | |
| 2681 | 181 # TO tag FROM line in file/text |
| 182 1 1 main 1 harddisk2:text/vim/test | |
| 183 2 1 FuncB 59 harddisk2:text/vim/src/main.c | |
| 7 | 184 |
| 15033 | 185 The |gettagstack()| function returns the tag stack of a specified window. The |
| 186 |settagstack()| function modifies the tag stack of a window. | |
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187 |
| 7 | 188 *E73* |
| 189 When you try to use the tag stack while it doesn't contain anything you will | |
| 190 get an error message. | |
| 191 | |
| 192 ============================================================================== | |
| 193 3. Tag match list *tag-matchlist* *E427* *E428* | |
| 194 | |
| 195 When there are several matching tags, these commands can be used to jump | |
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196 between them. Note that these commands don't change the tag stack, they keep |
| 7 | 197 the same entry. |
| 198 | |
| 199 *:ts* *:tselect* | |
| 13857 | 200 :ts[elect][!] [name] List the tags that match [name], using the |
| 7 | 201 information in the tags file(s). |
| 13857 | 202 When [name] is not given, the last tag name from the |
| 7 | 203 tag stack is used. |
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204 See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 205 With a '>' in the first column is indicated which is |
| 206 the current position in the list (if there is one). | |
| 13857 | 207 [name] can be a regexp pattern, see |tag-regexp|. |
| 7 | 208 See |tag-priority| for the priorities used in the |
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209 listing. |
| 7 | 210 Example output: |
| 211 | |
| 212 > | |
| 213 nr pri kind tag file | |
| 214 1 F f mch_delay os_amiga.c | |
| 215 mch_delay(msec, ignoreinput) | |
| 216 > 2 F f mch_delay os_msdos.c | |
| 217 mch_delay(msec, ignoreinput) | |
| 218 3 F f mch_delay os_unix.c | |
| 219 mch_delay(msec, ignoreinput) | |
| 220 Enter nr of choice (<CR> to abort): | |
| 221 < | |
| 222 See |tag-priority| for the "pri" column. Note that | |
| 223 this depends on the current file, thus using | |
| 224 ":tselect xxx" can produce different results. | |
| 225 The "kind" column gives the kind of tag, if this was | |
| 226 included in the tags file. | |
| 227 The "info" column shows information that could be | |
| 228 found in the tags file. It depends on the program | |
| 229 that produced the tags file. | |
| 230 When the list is long, you may get the |more-prompt|. | |
| 231 If you already see the tag you want to use, you can | |
| 232 type 'q' and enter the number. | |
| 233 | |
| 234 *:sts* *:stselect* | |
| 13857 | 235 :sts[elect][!] [name] Does ":tselect[!] [name]" and splits the window for |
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236 the selected tag. |
| 7 | 237 |
| 238 *g]* | |
| 239 g] Like CTRL-], but use ":tselect" instead of ":tag". | |
| 240 | |
| 241 *v_g]* | |
| 242 {Visual}g] Same as "g]", but use the highlighted text as the | |
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243 identifier. |
| 7 | 244 |
| 245 *:tj* *:tjump* | |
| 13857 | 246 :tj[ump][!] [name] Like ":tselect", but jump to the tag directly when |
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247 there is only one match. |
| 7 | 248 |
| 249 *:stj* *:stjump* | |
| 13857 | 250 :stj[ump][!] [name] Does ":tjump[!] [name]" and splits the window for the |
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251 selected tag. |
| 7 | 252 |
| 253 *g_CTRL-]* | |
| 254 g CTRL-] Like CTRL-], but use ":tjump" instead of ":tag". | |
| 255 | |
| 256 *v_g_CTRL-]* | |
| 257 {Visual}g CTRL-] Same as "g CTRL-]", but use the highlighted text as | |
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258 the identifier. |
| 7 | 259 |
| 260 *:tn* *:tnext* | |
| 261 :[count]tn[ext][!] Jump to [count] next matching tag (default 1). See | |
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262 |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 263 |
| 264 *:tp* *:tprevious* | |
| 265 :[count]tp[revious][!] Jump to [count] previous matching tag (default 1). | |
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266 See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 267 |
| 268 *:tN* *:tNext* | |
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269 :[count]tN[ext][!] Same as ":tprevious". |
| 7 | 270 |
| 271 *:tr* *:trewind* | |
| 272 :[count]tr[ewind][!] Jump to first matching tag. If [count] is given, jump | |
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273 to [count]th matching tag. See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 274 |
| 275 *:tf* *:tfirst* | |
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276 :[count]tf[irst][!] Same as ":trewind". |
| 7 | 277 |
| 278 *:tl* *:tlast* | |
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279 :tl[ast][!] Jump to last matching tag. See |tag-!| for [!]. |
| 7 | 280 |
| 651 | 281 *:lt* *:ltag* |
| 13857 | 282 :lt[ag][!] [name] Jump to tag [name] and add the matching tags to a new |
| 283 location list for the current window. [name] can be | |
| 284 a regexp pattern, see |tag-regexp|. When [name] is | |
| 651 | 285 not given, the last tag name from the tag stack is |
| 286 used. The search pattern to locate the tag line is | |
| 287 prefixed with "\V" to escape all the special | |
| 288 characters (very nomagic). The location list showing | |
| 289 the matching tags is independent of the tag stack. | |
| 290 See |tag-!| for [!]. | |
| 7 | 291 |
| 292 When there is no other message, Vim shows which matching tag has been jumped | |
| 293 to, and the number of matching tags: > | |
| 294 tag 1 of 3 or more | |
| 295 The " or more" is used to indicate that Vim didn't try all the tags files yet. | |
| 296 When using ":tnext" a few times, or with ":tlast", more matches may be found. | |
| 297 | |
| 298 When you didn't see this message because of some other message, or you just | |
| 299 want to know where you are, this command will show it again (and jump to the | |
| 300 same tag as last time): > | |
| 301 :0tn | |
| 302 < | |
| 303 *tag-skip-file* | |
| 304 When a matching tag is found for which the file doesn't exist, this match is | |
| 305 skipped and the next matching tag is used. Vim reports this, to notify you of | |
| 306 missing files. When the end of the list of matches has been reached, an error | |
| 307 message is given. | |
| 308 | |
| 651 | 309 *tag-preview* |
| 7 | 310 The tag match list can also be used in the preview window. The commands are |
| 311 the same as above, with a "p" prepended. | |
| 312 {not available when compiled without the |+quickfix| feature} | |
| 313 | |
| 314 *:pts* *:ptselect* | |
| 13857 | 315 :pts[elect][!] [name] Does ":tselect[!] [name]" and shows the new tag in a |
| 237 | 316 "Preview" window. See |:ptag| for more info. |
| 7 | 317 |
| 318 *:ptj* *:ptjump* | |
| 13857 | 319 :ptj[ump][!] [name] Does ":tjump[!] [name]" and shows the new tag in a |
| 237 | 320 "Preview" window. See |:ptag| for more info. |
| 7 | 321 |
| 322 *:ptn* *:ptnext* | |
| 323 :[count]ptn[ext][!] ":tnext" in the preview window. See |:ptag|. | |
| 324 | |
| 325 *:ptp* *:ptprevious* | |
| 326 :[count]ptp[revious][!] ":tprevious" in the preview window. See |:ptag|. | |
| 327 | |
| 328 *:ptN* *:ptNext* | |
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329 :[count]ptN[ext][!] Same as ":ptprevious". |
| 7 | 330 |
| 331 *:ptr* *:ptrewind* | |
| 332 :[count]ptr[ewind][!] ":trewind" in the preview window. See |:ptag|. | |
| 333 | |
| 334 *:ptf* *:ptfirst* | |
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335 :[count]ptf[irst][!] Same as ":ptrewind". |
| 7 | 336 |
| 337 *:ptl* *:ptlast* | |
| 338 :ptl[ast][!] ":tlast" in the preview window. See |:ptag|. | |
| 339 | |
| 340 ============================================================================== | |
| 341 4. Tags details *tag-details* | |
| 342 | |
| 343 *static-tag* | |
| 344 A static tag is a tag that is defined for a specific file. In a C program | |
| 345 this could be a static function. | |
| 346 | |
| 347 In Vi jumping to a tag sets the current search pattern. This means that | |
| 348 the "n" command after jumping to a tag does not search for the same pattern | |
| 349 that it did before jumping to the tag. Vim does not do this as we consider it | |
| 350 to be a bug. You can still find the tag search pattern in the search history. | |
| 351 If you really want the old Vi behavior, set the 't' flag in 'cpoptions'. | |
| 352 | |
| 353 *tag-binary-search* | |
| 354 Vim uses binary searching in the tags file to find the desired tag quickly | |
| 355 (when enabled at compile time |+tag_binary|). But this only works if the | |
| 356 tags file was sorted on ASCII byte value. Therefore, if no match was found, | |
| 357 another try is done with a linear search. If you only want the linear search, | |
| 358 reset the 'tagbsearch' option. Or better: Sort the tags file! | |
| 359 | |
| 360 Note that the binary searching is disabled when not looking for a tag with a | |
| 361 specific name. This happens when ignoring case and when a regular expression | |
| 362 is used that doesn't start with a fixed string. Tag searching can be a lot | |
| 363 slower then. The former can be avoided by case-fold sorting the tags file. | |
| 364 See 'tagbsearch' for details. | |
| 365 | |
| 366 *tag-regexp* | |
| 5244 | 367 The ":tag" and ":tselect" commands accept a regular expression argument. See |
| 7 | 368 |pattern| for the special characters that can be used. |
| 369 When the argument starts with '/', it is used as a pattern. If the argument | |
| 370 does not start with '/', it is taken literally, as a full tag name. | |
| 371 Examples: > | |
| 372 :tag main | |
| 373 < jumps to the tag "main" that has the highest priority. > | |
| 374 :tag /^get | |
| 375 < jumps to the tag that starts with "get" and has the highest priority. > | |
| 376 :tag /norm | |
| 377 < lists all the tags that contain "norm", including "id_norm". | |
| 378 When the argument both exists literally, and match when used as a regexp, a | |
| 379 literal match has a higher priority. For example, ":tag /open" matches "open" | |
| 380 before "open_file" and "file_open". | |
| 415 | 381 When using a pattern case is ignored. If you want to match case use "\C" in |
| 382 the pattern. | |
| 7 | 383 |
| 384 *tag-!* | |
| 385 If the tag is in the current file this will always work. Otherwise the | |
| 386 performed actions depend on whether the current file was changed, whether a ! | |
| 387 is added to the command and on the 'autowrite' option: | |
| 388 | |
| 389 tag in file autowrite ~ | |
| 390 current file changed ! option action ~ | |
| 391 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 392 yes x x x goto tag | |
| 393 no no x x read other file, goto tag | |
| 394 no yes yes x abandon current file, read other file, goto | |
| 395 tag | |
| 396 no yes no on write current file, read other file, goto | |
| 397 tag | |
| 398 no yes no off fail | |
| 399 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 400 | |
| 401 - If the tag is in the current file, the command will always work. | |
| 402 - If the tag is in another file and the current file was not changed, the | |
| 403 other file will be made the current file and read into the buffer. | |
| 404 - If the tag is in another file, the current file was changed and a ! is | |
| 405 added to the command, the changes to the current file are lost, the other | |
| 406 file will be made the current file and read into the buffer. | |
| 407 - If the tag is in another file, the current file was changed and the | |
| 408 'autowrite' option is on, the current file will be written, the other | |
| 409 file will be made the current file and read into the buffer. | |
| 410 - If the tag is in another file, the current file was changed and the | |
| 411 'autowrite' option is off, the command will fail. If you want to save | |
| 412 the changes, use the ":w" command and then use ":tag" without an argument. | |
| 413 This works because the tag is put on the stack anyway. If you want to lose | |
| 414 the changes you can use the ":tag!" command. | |
| 415 | |
| 416 *tag-security* | |
| 417 Note that Vim forbids some commands, for security reasons. This works like | |
| 418 using the 'secure' option for exrc/vimrc files in the current directory. See | |
| 419 |trojan-horse| and |sandbox|. | |
| 420 When the {tagaddress} changes a buffer, you will get a warning message: | |
| 421 "WARNING: tag command changed a buffer!!!" | |
| 422 In a future version changing the buffer will be impossible. All this for | |
| 423 security reasons: Somebody might hide a nasty command in the tags file, which | |
| 424 would otherwise go unnoticed. Example: > | |
| 425 :$d|/tag-function-name/ | |
| 426 | |
| 427 In Vi the ":tag" command sets the last search pattern when the tag is searched | |
| 428 for. In Vim this is not done, the previous search pattern is still remembered, | |
| 429 unless the 't' flag is present in 'cpoptions'. The search pattern is always | |
| 430 put in the search history, so you can modify it if searching fails. | |
| 431 | |
| 432 *emacs-tags* *emacs_tags* *E430* | |
| 433 Emacs style tag files are only supported if Vim was compiled with the | |
| 434 |+emacs_tags| feature enabled. Sorry, there is no explanation about Emacs tag | |
| 435 files here, it is only supported for backwards compatibility :-). | |
| 436 | |
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437 Lines in Emacs tags files can be very long. Vim only deals with lines of up |
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438 to about 510 bytes. To see whether lines are ignored set 'verbose' to 5 or |
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439 higher. |
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440 |
| 7 | 441 *tags-option* |
| 442 The 'tags' option is a list of file names. Each of these files is searched | |
| 443 for the tag. This can be used to use a different tags file than the default | |
| 444 file "tags". It can also be used to access a common tags file. | |
| 445 | |
| 446 The next file in the list is not used when: | |
| 447 - A matching static tag for the current buffer has been found. | |
| 448 - A matching global tag has been found. | |
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449 This also depends on whether case is ignored. Case is ignored when: |
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450 - 'tagcase' is "followic" and 'ignorecase' is set |
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451 - 'tagcase' is "ignore" |
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452 - 'tagcase' is "smart" and the pattern only contains lower case |
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453 characters. |
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454 - 'tagcase' is "followscs" and 'smartcase' is set and the pattern only |
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455 contains lower case characters. |
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456 If case is not ignored, and the tags file only has a match without matching |
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457 case, the next tags file is searched for a match with matching case. If no |
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458 tag with matching case is found, the first match without matching case is |
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459 used. If case is ignored, and a matching global tag with or without matching |
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460 case is found, this one is used, no further tags files are searched. |
| 7 | 461 |
| 462 When a tag file name starts with "./", the '.' is replaced with the path of | |
| 463 the current file. This makes it possible to use a tags file in the directory | |
| 464 where the current file is (no matter what the current directory is). The idea | |
| 465 of using "./" is that you can define which tag file is searched first: In the | |
| 466 current directory ("tags,./tags") or in the directory of the current file | |
| 467 ("./tags,tags"). | |
| 468 | |
| 469 For example: > | |
| 470 :set tags=./tags,tags,/home/user/commontags | |
| 471 | |
| 472 In this example the tag will first be searched for in the file "tags" in the | |
| 473 directory where the current file is. Next the "tags" file in the current | |
| 474 directory. If it is not found there, then the file "/home/user/commontags" | |
| 475 will be searched for the tag. | |
| 476 | |
| 477 This can be switched off by including the 'd' flag in 'cpoptions', to make | |
| 557 | 478 it Vi compatible. "./tags" will then be the tags file in the current |
| 7 | 479 directory, instead of the tags file in the directory where the current file |
| 480 is. | |
| 481 | |
| 482 Instead of the comma a space may be used. Then a backslash is required for | |
| 483 the space to be included in the string option: > | |
| 484 :set tags=tags\ /home/user/commontags | |
| 485 | |
| 486 To include a space in a file name use three backslashes. To include a comma | |
| 487 in a file name use two backslashes. For example, use: > | |
| 488 :set tags=tag\\\ file,/home/user/common\\,tags | |
| 489 | |
| 490 for the files "tag file" and "/home/user/common,tags". The 'tags' option will | |
| 491 have the value "tag\ file,/home/user/common\,tags". | |
| 492 | |
| 493 If the 'tagrelative' option is on (which is the default) and using a tag file | |
| 494 in another directory, file names in that tag file are relative to the | |
| 495 directory where the tag file is. | |
| 496 | |
| 497 ============================================================================== | |
| 498 5. Tags file format *tags-file-format* *E431* | |
| 499 | |
| 500 *ctags* *jtags* | |
| 501 A tags file can be created with an external command, for example "ctags". It | |
| 502 will contain a tag for each function. Some versions of "ctags" will also make | |
| 503 a tag for each "#defined" macro, typedefs, enums, etc. | |
| 504 | |
| 505 Some programs that generate tags files: | |
| 506 ctags As found on most Unix systems. Only supports C. Only | |
| 507 does the basic work. | |
| 20 | 508 *Exuberant_ctags* |
| 17036 | 509 exuberant ctags This is a very good one. It works for C, C++, Java, |
| 7 | 510 Fortran, Eiffel and others. It can generate tags for |
| 511 many items. See http://ctags.sourceforge.net. | |
| 512 etags Connected to Emacs. Supports many languages. | |
| 513 JTags For Java, in Java. It can be found at | |
| 514 http://www.fleiner.com/jtags/. | |
| 515 ptags.py For Python, in Python. Found in your Python source | |
| 516 directory at Tools/scripts/ptags.py. | |
| 517 ptags For Perl, in Perl. It can be found at | |
| 518 http://www.eleves.ens.fr:8080/home/nthiery/Tags/. | |
| 519 gnatxref For Ada. See http://www.gnuada.org/. gnatxref is | |
| 520 part of the gnat package. | |
| 521 | |
| 522 | |
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523 The lines in the tags file must have one of these two formats: |
| 7 | 524 |
| 525 1. {tagname} {TAB} {tagfile} {TAB} {tagaddress} | |
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526 2. {tagname} {TAB} {tagfile} {TAB} {tagaddress} {term} {field} .. |
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527 |
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528 Previously an old format was supported, see |tag-old-static|. |
| 7 | 529 |
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530 The first format is a normal tag, which is completely compatible with Vi. It |
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531 is the only format produced by traditional ctags implementations. This is |
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532 often used for functions that are global, also referenced in other files. |
| 7 | 533 |
| 534 The lines in the tags file can end in <LF> or <CR><LF>. On the Macintosh <CR> | |
| 535 also works. The <CR> and <NL> characters can never appear inside a line. | |
| 536 | |
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537 The second format is new. It includes additional information in optional |
| 7 | 538 fields at the end of each line. It is backwards compatible with Vi. It is |
| 539 only supported by new versions of ctags (such as Exuberant ctags). | |
| 540 | |
| 541 {tagname} The identifier. Normally the name of a function, but it can | |
| 542 be any identifier. It cannot contain a <Tab>. | |
| 543 {TAB} One <Tab> character. Note: previous versions allowed any | |
| 544 white space here. This has been abandoned to allow spaces in | |
| 16086 | 545 {tagfile}. |
| 7 | 546 {tagfile} The file that contains the definition of {tagname}. It can |
| 547 have an absolute or relative path. It may contain environment | |
| 548 variables and wildcards (although the use of wildcards is | |
| 549 doubtful). It cannot contain a <Tab>. | |
| 550 {tagaddress} The Ex command that positions the cursor on the tag. It can | |
| 551 be any Ex command, although restrictions apply (see | |
| 552 |tag-security|). Posix only allows line numbers and search | |
| 553 commands, which are mostly used. | |
| 554 {term} ;" The two characters semicolon and double quote. This is | |
| 555 interpreted by Vi as the start of a comment, which makes the | |
| 556 following be ignored. This is for backwards compatibility | |
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557 with Vi, it ignores the following fields. Example: |
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558 APP file /^static int APP;$/;" v |
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559 When {tagaddress} is not a line number or search pattern, then |
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560 {term} must be |;". Here the bar ends the command (excluding |
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561 the bar) and ;" is used to have Vi ignore the rest of the |
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562 line. Example: |
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563 APP file.c call cursor(3, 4)|;" v |
| 16023 | 564 |
| 7 | 565 {field} .. A list of optional fields. Each field has the form: |
| 566 | |
| 567 <Tab>{fieldname}:{value} | |
| 568 | |
| 569 The {fieldname} identifies the field, and can only contain | |
| 570 alphabetical characters [a-zA-Z]. | |
| 571 The {value} is any string, but cannot contain a <Tab>. | |
| 572 These characters are special: | |
| 573 "\t" stands for a <Tab> | |
| 574 "\r" stands for a <CR> | |
| 575 "\n" stands for a <NL> | |
| 576 "\\" stands for a single '\' character | |
| 577 | |
| 578 There is one field that doesn't have a ':'. This is the kind | |
| 579 of the tag. It is handled like it was preceded with "kind:". | |
| 580 See the documentation of ctags for the kinds it produces. | |
| 581 | |
| 582 The only other field currently recognized by Vim is "file:" | |
| 583 (with an empty value). It is used for a static tag. | |
| 584 | |
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585 |
| 7 | 586 The first lines in the tags file can contain lines that start with |
| 587 !_TAG_ | |
| 588 These are sorted to the first lines, only rare tags that start with "!" can | |
| 589 sort to before them. Vim recognizes two items. The first one is the line | |
| 590 that indicates if the file was sorted. When this line is found, Vim uses | |
| 591 binary searching for the tags file: | |
| 592 !_TAG_FILE_SORTED<Tab>1<Tab>{anything} ~ | |
| 593 | |
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594 A tag file may be case-fold sorted to avoid a linear search when case is |
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595 ignored. (Case is ignored when 'ignorecase' is set and 'tagcase' is |
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596 "followic", or when 'tagcase' is "ignore".) See 'tagbsearch' for details. |
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597 The value '2' should be used then: |
| 7 | 598 !_TAG_FILE_SORTED<Tab>2<Tab>{anything} ~ |
| 599 | |
| 15878 | 600 The other tag that Vim recognizes is the encoding of the tags file: |
| 7 | 601 !_TAG_FILE_ENCODING<Tab>utf-8<Tab>{anything} ~ |
| 602 Here "utf-8" is the encoding used for the tags. Vim will then convert the tag | |
| 603 being searched for from 'encoding' to the encoding of the tags file. And when | |
| 604 listing tags the reverse happens. When the conversion fails the unconverted | |
| 605 tag is used. | |
| 606 | |
| 607 *tag-search* | |
| 608 The command can be any Ex command, but often it is a search command. | |
| 609 Examples: | |
| 610 tag1 file1 /^main(argc, argv)/ ~ | |
| 611 tag2 file2 108 ~ | |
| 612 | |
| 613 The command is always executed with 'magic' not set. The only special | |
| 614 characters in a search pattern are "^" (begin-of-line) and "$" (<EOL>). | |
| 615 See |pattern|. Note that you must put a backslash before each backslash in | |
| 616 the search text. This is for backwards compatibility with Vi. | |
| 617 | |
| 618 *E434* *E435* | |
| 619 If the command is a normal search command (it starts and ends with "/" or | |
| 620 "?"), some special handling is done: | |
| 621 - Searching starts on line 1 of the file. | |
| 622 The direction of the search is forward for "/", backward for "?". | |
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623 Note that 'wrapscan' does not matter, the whole file is always searched. |
| 7 | 624 - If the search fails, another try is done ignoring case. If that fails too, |
| 625 a search is done for: | |
| 626 "^tagname[ \t]*(" | |
| 627 (the tag with '^' prepended and "[ \t]*(" appended). When using function | |
| 628 names, this will find the function name when it is in column 0. This will | |
| 629 help when the arguments to the function have changed since the tags file was | |
| 630 made. If this search also fails another search is done with: | |
| 631 "^[#a-zA-Z_].*\<tagname[ \t]*(" | |
| 632 This means: A line starting with '#' or an identifier and containing the tag | |
| 633 followed by white space and a '('. This will find macro names and function | |
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634 names with a type prepended. |
| 7 | 635 |
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636 |
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637 *tag-old-static* |
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638 Until March 2019 (patch 8.1.1092) an outdated format was supported: |
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639 {tagfile}:{tagname} {TAB} {tagfile} {TAB} {tagaddress} |
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640 |
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641 This format is for a static tag only. It is obsolete now, replaced by |
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642 the second format. It is only supported by Elvis 1.x, older Vim versions and |
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643 a few versions of ctags. A static tag is often used for functions that are |
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644 local, only referenced in the file {tagfile}. Note that for the static tag, |
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645 the two occurrences of {tagfile} must be exactly the same. Also see |
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646 |tags-option| below, for how static tags are used. |
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647 |
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648 The support was removed, since when you can update to the new Vim version you |
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649 should also be able to update ctags to one that supports the second format. |
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650 |
| 7 | 651 ============================================================================== |
| 652 6. Include file searches *include-search* *definition-search* | |
| 653 *E387* *E388* *E389* | |
| 654 | |
| 655 These commands look for a string in the current file and in all encountered | |
| 656 included files (recursively). This can be used to find the definition of a | |
| 657 variable, function or macro. If you only want to search in the current | |
| 658 buffer, use the commands listed at |pattern-searches|. | |
| 659 | |
| 660 These commands are not available when the |+find_in_path| feature was disabled | |
| 661 at compile time. | |
| 662 | |
| 663 When a line is encountered that includes another file, that file is searched | |
| 664 before continuing in the current buffer. Files included by included files are | |
| 665 also searched. When an include file could not be found it is silently | |
| 666 ignored. Use the |:checkpath| command to discover which files could not be | |
| 667 found, possibly your 'path' option is not set up correctly. Note: the | |
| 668 included file is searched, not a buffer that may be editing that file. Only | |
| 669 for the current file the lines in the buffer are used. | |
| 670 | |
| 671 The string can be any keyword or a defined macro. For the keyword any match | |
| 672 will be found. For defined macros only lines that match with the 'define' | |
| 673 option will be found. The default is "^#\s*define", which is for C programs. | |
| 674 For other languages you probably want to change this. See 'define' for an | |
| 675 example for C++. The string cannot contain an end-of-line, only matches | |
| 676 within a line are found. | |
| 677 | |
| 678 When a match is found for a defined macro, the displaying of lines continues | |
| 679 with the next line when a line ends in a backslash. | |
| 680 | |
| 681 The commands that start with "[" start searching from the start of the current | |
| 682 file. The commands that start with "]" start at the current cursor position. | |
| 683 | |
| 684 The 'include' option is used to define a line that includes another file. The | |
| 685 default is "\^#\s*include", which is for C programs. Note: Vim does not | |
| 686 recognize C syntax, if the 'include' option matches a line inside | |
| 687 "#ifdef/#endif" or inside a comment, it is searched anyway. The 'isfname' | |
| 688 option is used to recognize the file name that comes after the matched | |
| 689 pattern. | |
| 690 | |
| 691 The 'path' option is used to find the directory for the include files that | |
| 692 do not have an absolute path. | |
| 693 | |
| 694 The 'comments' option is used for the commands that display a single line or | |
| 695 jump to a line. It defines patterns that may start a comment. Those lines | |
| 696 are ignored for the search, unless [!] is used. One exception: When the line | |
| 697 matches the pattern "^# *define" it is not considered to be a comment. | |
| 698 | |
| 699 If you want to list matches, and then select one to jump to, you could use a | |
| 700 mapping to do that for you. Here is an example: > | |
| 701 | |
| 702 :map <F4> [I:let nr = input("Which one: ")<Bar>exe "normal " . nr ."[\t"<CR> | |
| 703 < | |
| 704 *[i* | |
| 705 [i Display the first line that contains the keyword | |
| 706 under the cursor. The search starts at the beginning | |
| 707 of the file. Lines that look like a comment are | |
| 708 ignored (see 'comments' option). If a count is given, | |
| 709 the count'th matching line is displayed, and comment | |
|
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710 lines are not ignored. |
| 7 | 711 |
| 712 *]i* | |
| 713 ]i like "[i", but start at the current cursor position. | |
| 714 | |
| 715 *:is* *:isearch* | |
| 716 :[range]is[earch][!] [count] [/]pattern[/] | |
| 717 Like "[i" and "]i", but search in [range] lines | |
| 718 (default: whole file). | |
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719 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 720 |
| 721 *[I* | |
| 722 [I Display all lines that contain the keyword under the | |
| 723 cursor. Filenames and line numbers are displayed | |
| 724 for the found lines. The search starts at the | |
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725 beginning of the file. |
| 7 | 726 |
| 727 *]I* | |
| 728 ]I like "[I", but start at the current cursor position. | |
| 729 | |
| 730 *:il* *:ilist* | |
| 731 :[range]il[ist][!] [/]pattern[/] | |
| 732 Like "[I" and "]I", but search in [range] lines | |
| 733 (default: whole file). | |
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734 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 735 |
| 736 *[_CTRL-I* | |
| 737 [ CTRL-I Jump to the first line that contains the keyword | |
| 738 under the cursor. The search starts at the beginning | |
| 739 of the file. Lines that look like a comment are | |
| 740 ignored (see 'comments' option). If a count is given, | |
| 741 the count'th matching line is jumped to, and comment | |
|
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742 lines are not ignored. |
| 7 | 743 |
| 744 *]_CTRL-I* | |
| 745 ] CTRL-I like "[ CTRL-I", but start at the current cursor | |
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746 position. |
| 7 | 747 |
| 748 *:ij* *:ijump* | |
| 749 :[range]ij[ump][!] [count] [/]pattern[/] | |
| 750 Like "[ CTRL-I" and "] CTRL-I", but search in | |
| 751 [range] lines (default: whole file). | |
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752 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 753 |
| 754 CTRL-W CTRL-I *CTRL-W_CTRL-I* *CTRL-W_i* | |
| 755 CTRL-W i Open a new window, with the cursor on the first line | |
| 756 that contains the keyword under the cursor. The | |
| 757 search starts at the beginning of the file. Lines | |
| 758 that look like a comment line are ignored (see | |
| 759 'comments' option). If a count is given, the count'th | |
| 760 matching line is jumped to, and comment lines are not | |
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761 ignored. |
| 7 | 762 |
| 763 *:isp* *:isplit* | |
| 764 :[range]isp[lit][!] [count] [/]pattern[/] | |
| 765 Like "CTRL-W i" and "CTRL-W i", but search in | |
| 766 [range] lines (default: whole file). | |
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767 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 768 |
| 769 *[d* | |
| 770 [d Display the first macro definition that contains the | |
| 771 macro under the cursor. The search starts from the | |
| 772 beginning of the file. If a count is given, the | |
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773 count'th matching line is displayed. |
| 7 | 774 |
| 775 *]d* | |
| 776 ]d like "[d", but start at the current cursor position. | |
| 777 | |
| 778 *:ds* *:dsearch* | |
| 779 :[range]ds[earch][!] [count] [/]string[/] | |
| 780 Like "[d" and "]d", but search in [range] lines | |
| 781 (default: whole file). | |
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782 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 783 |
| 784 *[D* | |
| 785 [D Display all macro definitions that contain the macro | |
| 786 under the cursor. Filenames and line numbers are | |
| 787 displayed for the found lines. The search starts | |
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788 from the beginning of the file. |
| 7 | 789 |
| 790 *]D* | |
| 791 ]D like "[D", but start at the current cursor position. | |
| 792 | |
| 169 | 793 *:dli* *:dlist* |
| 3224 | 794 :[range]dli[st][!] [/]string[/] |
| 5400 | 795 Like `[D` and `]D`, but search in [range] lines |
| 7 | 796 (default: whole file). |
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797 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 5400 | 798 Note that `:dl` works like `:delete` with the "l" |
| 799 flag, not `:dlist`. | |
| 7 | 800 |
| 801 *[_CTRL-D* | |
| 802 [ CTRL-D Jump to the first macro definition that contains the | |
| 803 keyword under the cursor. The search starts from | |
| 804 the beginning of the file. If a count is given, the | |
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805 count'th matching line is jumped to. |
| 7 | 806 |
| 807 *]_CTRL-D* | |
| 808 ] CTRL-D like "[ CTRL-D", but start at the current cursor | |
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809 position. |
| 7 | 810 |
| 811 *:dj* *:djump* | |
| 812 :[range]dj[ump][!] [count] [/]string[/] | |
| 813 Like "[ CTRL-D" and "] CTRL-D", but search in | |
| 814 [range] lines (default: whole file). | |
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815 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 816 |
| 817 CTRL-W CTRL-D *CTRL-W_CTRL-D* *CTRL-W_d* | |
| 818 CTRL-W d Open a new window, with the cursor on the first | |
| 819 macro definition line that contains the keyword | |
| 820 under the cursor. The search starts from the | |
| 821 beginning of the file. If a count is given, the | |
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822 count'th matching line is jumped to. |
| 7 | 823 |
| 824 *:dsp* *:dsplit* | |
| 825 :[range]dsp[lit][!] [count] [/]string[/] | |
| 826 Like "CTRL-W d", but search in [range] lines | |
| 827 (default: whole file). | |
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828 See |:search-args| for [/] and [!]. |
| 7 | 829 |
| 17036 | 830 *:che* *:chec* *:check* *:checkpath* |
| 7 | 831 :che[ckpath] List all the included files that could not be found. |
| 832 | |
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833 :che[ckpath]! List all the included files. |
| 7 | 834 |
| 835 *:search-args* | |
| 836 Common arguments for the commands above: | |
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837 [!] When included, find matches in lines that are recognized as comments. |
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838 When excluded, a match is ignored when the line is recognized as a |
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839 comment (according to 'comments'), or the match is in a C comment |
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840 (after "//" or inside /* */). Note that a match may be missed if a |
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841 line is recognized as a comment, but the comment ends halfway the line. |
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842 And if the line is a comment, but it is not recognized (according to |
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843 'comments') a match may be found in it anyway. Example: > |
| 7 | 844 /* comment |
| 845 foobar */ | |
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846 < A match for "foobar" is found, because this line is not recognized as |
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847 a comment (even though syntax highlighting does recognize it). |
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848 Note: Since a macro definition mostly doesn't look like a comment, the |
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849 [!] makes no difference for ":dlist", ":dsearch" and ":djump". |
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850 [/] A pattern can be surrounded by '/'. Without '/' only whole words are |
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851 matched, using the pattern "\<pattern\>". Only after the second '/' a |
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852 next command can be appended with '|'. Example: > |
| 7 | 853 :isearch /string/ | echo "the last one" |
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854 < For a ":djump", ":dsplit", ":dlist" and ":dsearch" command the pattern |
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855 is used as a literal string, not as a search pattern. |
| 7 | 856 |
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857 ============================================================================== |
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858 7. Using 'tagfunc' *tag-function* |
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859 |
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860 It is possible to provide Vim with a function which will generate a list of |
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861 tags used for commands like |:tag|, |:tselect| and Normal mode tag commands |
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862 like |CTRL-]|. |
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863 |
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864 The function used for generating the taglist is specified by setting the |
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865 'tagfunc' option. The function will be called with three arguments: |
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866 a:pattern The tag identifier used during the tag search. |
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867 a:flags List of flags to control the function behavior. |
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868 a:info Dict containing the following entries: |
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869 buf_ffname Full filename which can be used for priority. |
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870 user_data Custom data String, if stored in the tag |
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871 stack previously by tagfunc. |
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872 |
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873 Currently two flags may be passed to the tag function: |
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874 'c' The function was invoked by a normal command being processed |
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875 (mnemonic: the tag function may use the context around the |
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876 cursor to perform a better job of generating the tag list.) |
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877 'i' In Insert mode, the user was completing a tag (with |
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878 |i_CTRL-X_CTRL-]|). |
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879 |
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880 Note that when 'tagfunc' is set, the priority of the tags described in |
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881 |tag-priority| does not apply. Instead, the priority is exactly as the |
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882 ordering of the elements in the list returned by the function. |
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883 *E987* |
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884 The function should return a List of Dict entries. Each Dict must at least |
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885 include the following entries and each value must be a string: |
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886 name Name of the tag. |
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887 filename Name of the file where the tag is defined. It is |
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888 either relative to the current directory or a full path. |
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889 cmd Ex command used to locate the tag in the file. This |
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890 can be either an Ex search pattern or a line number. |
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891 Note that the format is similar to that of |taglist()|, which makes it possible |
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892 to use its output to generate the result. |
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893 The following fields are optional: |
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894 kind Type of the tag. |
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895 user_data String of custom data stored in the tag stack which |
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896 can be used to disambiguate tags between operations. |
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897 |
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898 If the function returns |v:null| instead of a List, a standard tag lookup will |
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899 be performed instead. |
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900 |
| 17036 | 901 It is not allowed to change the tagstack from inside 'tagfunc'. *E986* |
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902 |
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903 The following is a hypothetical example of a function used for 'tagfunc'. It |
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904 uses the output of |taglist()| to generate the result: a list of tags in the |
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905 inverse order of file names. |
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906 > |
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907 function! TagFunc(pattern, flags, info) |
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908 function! CompareFilenames(item1, item2) |
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909 let f1 = a:item1['filename'] |
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910 let f2 = a:item2['filename'] |
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911 return f1 >=# f2 ? |
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912 \ -1 : f1 <=# f2 ? 1 : 0 |
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913 endfunction |
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914 |
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915 let result = taglist(a:pattern) |
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916 call sort(result, "CompareFilenames") |
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917 |
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918 return result |
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919 endfunc |
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920 set tagfunc=TagFunc |
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921 < |
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922 |
| 14421 | 923 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |