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annotate runtime/doc/os_dos.txt @ 4891:4c42efb4c098 v7.3.1191
updated for version 7.3.1191
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| author | Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Fri, 14 Jun 2013 20:31:28 +0200 |
| parents | 073ff46fe397 |
| children | 6ec6b7ff2d43 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
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ee53a39d5896
Last changes for the 7.3 release!
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents:
2561
diff
changeset
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1 *os_dos.txt* For Vim version 7.3. Last change: 2006 Mar 30 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 *dos* *DOS* | |
| 8 This file documents the common particularities of the MS-DOS and Win32 | |
| 9 versions of Vim. Also see |os_win32.txt| and |os_msdos.txt|. | |
| 10 | |
| 11 1. File locations |dos-locations| | |
| 12 2. Using backslashes |dos-backslash| | |
| 13 3. Standard mappings |dos-standard-mappings| | |
| 14 4. Screen output and colors |dos-colors| | |
| 15 5. File formats |dos-file-formats| | |
| 16 6. :cd command |dos-:cd| | |
| 17 7. Interrupting |dos-CTRL-Break| | |
| 18 8. Temp files |dos-temp-files| | |
| 19 9. Shell option default |dos-shell| | |
| 20 | |
| 21 ============================================================================== | |
| 22 1. File locations *dos-locations* | |
| 23 | |
| 24 If you keep the Vim executable in the directory that contains the help and | |
| 25 syntax subdirectories, there is no need to do anything special for Vim to | |
| 26 work. No registry entries or environment variables need to be set. Just make | |
| 27 sure that the directory is in your search path, or use a shortcut on the | |
| 28 desktop. | |
| 29 | |
| 30 Your vimrc files ("_vimrc" and "_gvimrc") are normally located one directory | |
| 31 up from the runtime files. If you want to put them somewhere else, set the | |
| 32 environment variable $VIM to the directory where you keep them. Example: > | |
| 33 set VIM=C:\user\piet | |
| 34 Will find "c:\user\piet\_vimrc". | |
| 35 Note: This would only be needed when the computer is used by several people. | |
| 36 Otherwise it's simpler to keep your _vimrc file in the default place. | |
| 37 | |
| 38 If you move the executable to another location, you also need to set the $VIM | |
| 39 environment variable. The runtime files will be found in "$VIM/vim{version}". | |
| 40 Example: > | |
| 41 set VIM=E:\vim | |
| 42 Will find the version 5.4 runtime files in "e:\vim\vim54". | |
| 43 Note: This is _not_ recommended. The preferred way is to keep the executable | |
| 44 in the runtime directory. | |
| 45 | |
| 46 If you move your executable AND want to put your "_vimrc" and "_gvimrc" files | |
| 47 somewhere else, you must set $VIM to where you vimrc files are, and set | |
| 48 $VIMRUNTIME to the runtime files. Example: > | |
| 49 set VIM=C:\usr\piet | |
| 50 set VIMRUNTIME=E:\vim\vim54 | |
| 51 Will find "c:\user\piet\_vimrc" and the runtime files in "e:\vim\vim54". | |
| 52 | |
| 53 See |$VIM| and |$VIMRUNTIME| for more information. | |
| 54 | |
| 55 Under Windows 95, you can set $VIM in your C:\autoexec.bat file. For | |
| 56 example: > | |
| 57 set VIM=D:\vim | |
| 58 Under Windows NT, you can set environment variables for each user separately | |
| 59 under "Start/Settings/Control Panel->System", or through the properties in the | |
| 60 menu of "My Computer", under the Environment Tab. | |
| 61 | |
| 62 ============================================================================== | |
| 63 2. Using backslashes *dos-backslash* | |
| 64 | |
| 65 Using backslashes in file names can be a problem. Vi halves the number of | |
| 66 backslashes for some commands. Vim is a bit more tolerant and does not remove | |
| 67 backslashes from a file name, so ":e c:\foo\bar" works as expected. But when | |
| 68 a backslash occurs before a special character (space, comma, backslash, etc.), | |
| 69 Vim removes the backslash. Use slashes to avoid problems: ":e c:/foo/bar" | |
| 70 works fine. Vim replaces the slashes with backslashes internally to avoid | |
| 71 problems with some MS-DOS programs and Win32 programs. | |
| 72 | |
| 73 When you prefer to use forward slashes, set the 'shellslash' option. Vim will | |
| 74 then replace backslashes with forward slashes when expanding file names. This | |
| 75 is especially useful when using a Unix-like 'shell'. | |
| 76 | |
| 77 ============================================================================== | |
| 78 3. Standard mappings *dos-standard-mappings* | |
| 79 | |
| 819 | 80 The mappings for CTRL-PageUp and CTRL-PageDown have been removed, they now |
| 81 jump to the next or previous tab page |<C-PageUp>| |<C-PageDown>| | |
| 7 | 82 |
| 819 | 83 If you want them to move to the first and last screen line you can use these |
| 84 mappings: | |
| 7 | 85 |
| 86 key key code Normal/Visual mode Insert mode ~ | |
| 87 CTRL-PageUp <M-N><M-C-D> H <C-O>H | |
| 88 CTRL-PageDown <M-N>v L$ <C-O>L<C-O>$ | |
| 89 | |
| 90 Additionally, these keys are available for copy/cut/paste. In the Win32 | |
| 91 and DJGPP versions, they also use the clipboard. | |
| 92 | |
| 93 Shift-Insert paste text (from clipboard) *<S-Insert>* | |
| 94 CTRL-Insert copy Visual text (to clipboard) *<C-Insert>* | |
| 95 CTRL-Del cut Visual text (to clipboard) *<C-Del>* | |
| 96 Shift-Del cut Visual text (to clipboard) *<S-Del>* | |
| 97 | |
| 98 These mappings accomplish this (Win32 and DJGPP versions of Vim): | |
| 99 | |
| 100 key key code Normal Visual Insert ~ | |
| 101 Shift-Insert <M-N><M-T> "*P "-d"*P <C-R><C-O>* | |
| 102 CTRL-Insert <M-N><M-U> "*y | |
| 103 Shift-Del <M-N><M-W> "*d | |
| 104 CTRL-Del <M-N><M-X> "*d | |
| 105 | |
| 106 Or these mappings (non-Win32 version of Vim): | |
| 107 | |
| 108 key key code Normal Visual Insert ~ | |
| 109 Shift-Insert <M-N><M-T> P "-dP <C-R><C-O>" | |
| 110 CTRL-Insert <M-N><M-U> y | |
| 111 Shift-Del <M-N><M-W> d | |
| 112 CTRL-Del <M-N><M-X> d | |
| 113 | |
| 114 When the clipboard is supported, the "* register is used. | |
| 115 | |
| 116 ============================================================================== | |
| 117 4. Screen output and colors *dos-colors* | |
| 118 | |
| 119 The default output method for the screen is to use bios calls. This works | |
| 120 right away on most systems. You do not need ansi.sys. You can use ":mode" to | |
| 121 set the current screen mode. See |:mode|. | |
| 122 | |
| 123 To change the screen colors that Vim uses, you can use the |:highlight| | |
| 124 command. The Normal highlight group specifies the colors Vim uses for normal | |
| 125 text. For example, to get grey text on a blue background: > | |
| 126 :hi Normal ctermbg=Blue ctermfg=grey | |
| 127 See |highlight-groups| for other groups that are available. | |
| 128 | |
| 129 A DOS console does not support attributes like bold and underlining. You can | |
| 667 | 130 set the color used in five modes with nine terminal options. Note that this |
| 131 is not necessary since you can set the color directly with the ":highlight" | |
| 7 | 132 command; these options are for backward compatibility with older Vim versions. |
| 133 The |'highlight'| option specifies which of the five modes is used for which | |
| 134 action. > | |
| 135 | |
| 136 :set t_mr=^V^[\|xxm start of invert mode | |
| 137 :set t_md=^V^[\|xxm start of bold mode | |
| 138 :set t_me=^V^[\|xxm back to normal text | |
| 139 | |
| 140 :set t_so=^V^[\|xxm start of standout mode | |
| 141 :set t_se=^V^[\|xxm back to normal text | |
| 142 | |
| 143 :set t_us=^V^[\|xxm start of underline mode | |
| 144 :set t_ue=^V^[\|xxm back to normal text | |
| 145 | |
| 146 :set t_ZH=^V^[\|xxm start of italics mode | |
| 147 :set t_ZR=^V^[\|xxm back to normal text | |
| 148 | |
| 149 ^V is CTRL-V | |
| 150 ^[ is <Esc> | |
| 151 You must replace xx with a decimal code, which is the foreground color number | |
| 152 and background color number added together: | |
| 153 | |
| 154 COLOR FOREGROUND BACKGROUND ~ | |
| 155 Black 0 0 | |
| 156 DarkBlue 1 16 | |
| 157 DarkGreen 2 32 | |
| 158 DarkCyan 3 48 | |
| 159 DarkRed 4 64 | |
| 160 DarkMagenta 5 80 | |
| 161 Brown, DarkYellow 6 96 | |
| 162 LightGray 7 112 | |
| 163 DarkGray 8 128 * | |
| 164 Blue, LightBlue 9 144 * | |
| 165 Green, LightGreen 10 160 * | |
| 166 Cyan, LightCyan 11 176 * | |
| 167 Red, LightRed 12 192 * | |
| 168 Magenta, LightMagenta 13 208 * | |
| 169 Yellow, LightYellow 14 224 * | |
| 170 White 15 240 * | |
| 171 | |
| 172 * Depending on the display mode, the color codes above 128 may not be | |
| 173 available, and code 128 will make the text blink. | |
| 174 | |
| 175 When you use 0, the color is reset to the one used when you started Vim | |
| 176 (usually 7, lightgray on black, but you can override this. If you have | |
| 177 overridden the default colors in a command prompt, you may need to adjust | |
| 178 some of the highlight colors in your vimrc---see below). | |
| 179 This is the default for t_me. | |
| 180 | |
| 181 The defaults for the various highlight modes are: | |
| 182 t_mr 112 reverse mode: Black text (0) on LightGray (112) | |
| 183 t_md 15 bold mode: White text (15) on Black (0) | |
| 184 t_me 0 normal mode (revert to default) | |
| 185 | |
| 186 t_so 31 standout mode: White (15) text on DarkBlue (16) | |
| 187 t_se 0 standout mode end (revert to default) | |
| 188 | |
| 189 t_czh 225 italic mode: DarkBlue text (1) on Yellow (224) | |
| 190 t_czr 0 italic mode end (revert to default) | |
| 191 | |
| 192 t_us 67 underline mode: DarkCyan text (3) on DarkRed (64) | |
| 193 t_ue 0 underline mode end (revert to default) | |
| 194 | |
| 195 These colors were chosen because they also look good when using an inverted | |
| 196 display, but you can change them to your liking. | |
| 197 | |
| 198 Example: > | |
| 199 :set t_mr=^V^[\|97m " start of invert mode: DarkBlue (1) on Brown (96) | |
| 200 :set t_md=^V^[\|67m " start of bold mode: DarkCyan (3) on DarkRed (64) | |
| 201 :set t_me=^V^[\|112m " back to normal mode: Black (0) on LightGray (112) | |
| 202 | |
| 203 :set t_so=^V^[\|37m " start of standout mode: DarkMagenta (5) on DarkGreen | |
| 204 (32) | |
| 205 :set t_se=^V^[\|112m " back to normal mode: Black (0) on LightGray (112) | |
| 206 | |
| 207 ============================================================================== | |
| 208 5. File formats *dos-file-formats* | |
| 209 | |
| 210 If the 'fileformat' option is set to "dos" (which is the default), Vim accepts | |
| 211 a single <NL> or a <CR><NL> pair for end-of-line (<EOL>). When writing a | |
| 212 file, Vim uses <CR><NL>. Thus, if you edit a file and write it, Vim replaces | |
| 213 <NL> with <CR><NL>. | |
| 214 | |
| 215 If the 'fileformat' option is set to "unix", Vim uses a single <NL> for <EOL> | |
| 216 and shows <CR> as ^M. | |
| 217 | |
| 218 You can use Vim to replace <NL> with <CR><NL> by reading in any mode and | |
| 219 writing in Dos mode (":se ff=dos"). | |
| 220 You can use Vim to replace <CR><NL> with <NL> by reading in Dos mode and | |
| 221 writing in Unix mode (":se ff=unix"). | |
| 222 | |
| 223 Vim sets 'fileformat' automatically when 'fileformats' is not empty (which is | |
| 224 the default), so you don't really have to worry about what you are doing. | |
| 225 |'fileformat'| |'fileformats'| | |
| 226 | |
| 227 If you want to edit a script file or a binary file, you should set the | |
| 228 'binary' option before loading the file. Script files and binary files may | |
| 229 contain single <NL> characters which Vim would replace with <CR><NL>. You can | |
| 230 set 'binary' automatically by starting Vim with the "-b" (binary) option. | |
| 231 | |
| 232 ============================================================================== | |
| 233 6. :cd command *dos-:cd* | |
| 234 | |
| 235 The ":cd" command recognizes the drive specifier and changes the current | |
| 236 drive. Use ":cd c:" to make drive C the active drive. Use ":cd d:\foo" to go | |
| 237 to the directory "foo" in the root of drive D. Vim also recognizes UNC names | |
| 238 if the system supports them; e.g., ":cd \\server\share\dir". |:cd| | |
| 239 | |
| 240 ============================================================================== | |
| 241 7. Interrupting *dos-CTRL-Break* | |
| 242 | |
| 243 Use CTRL-Break instead of CTRL-C to interrupt searches. Vim does not detect | |
| 244 the CTRL-C until it tries to read a key. | |
| 245 | |
| 246 ============================================================================== | |
| 247 8. Temp files *dos-temp-files* | |
| 248 | |
| 249 Only for the 16 bit and 32 bit DOS version: | |
| 250 Vim puts temporary files (for filtering) in the first of these directories | |
| 251 that exists and in which Vim can create a file: | |
| 252 $TMP | |
| 253 $TEMP | |
| 254 C:\TMP | |
| 255 C:\TEMP | |
| 256 current directory | |
| 257 | |
| 258 For the Win32 version (both console and GUI): | |
| 259 Vim uses standard Windows functions to obtain a temporary file name (for | |
| 260 filtering). The first of these directories that exists and in which Vim can | |
| 261 create a file is used: | |
| 262 $TMP | |
| 263 $TEMP | |
| 264 current directory | |
| 265 | |
| 266 ============================================================================== | |
| 267 9. Shell option default *dos-shell* | |
| 268 | |
| 269 The default for the 'sh' ('shell') option is "command.com" on Windows 95 and | |
| 270 "cmd.exe" on Windows NT. If SHELL is defined, Vim uses SHELL instead, and if | |
| 271 SHELL is not defined but COMSPEC is, Vim uses COMSPEC. Vim starts external | |
| 272 commands with "<shell> /c <command_name>". Typing CTRL-Z starts a new command | |
| 273 subshell. Return to Vim with "exit". |'shell'| |CTRL-Z| | |
| 274 | |
| 275 If you are running a third-party shell, you may need to set the | |
| 276 |'shellcmdflag'| ('shcf') and |'shellquote'| ('shq') or |'shellxquote'| | |
| 277 ('sxq') options. Unfortunately, this also depends on the version of Vim used. | |
| 278 For example, with the MKS Korn shell or with bash, the values of the options | |
| 279 should be: | |
| 280 | |
| 281 DOS 16 bit DOS 32 bit Win32 ~ | |
| 282 'shellcmdflag' -c -c -c | |
| 283 'shellquote' " | |
| 284 'shellxquote' " | |
| 285 | |
| 286 For Dos 16 bit this starts the shell as: | |
| 287 <shell> -c "command name" >file | |
| 288 For Win32 as: | |
| 289 <shell> -c "command name >file" | |
| 290 For DOS 32 bit, DJGPP does this internally somehow. | |
| 291 | |
| 292 When starting up, Vim checks for the presence of "sh" anywhere in the 'shell' | |
| 293 option. If it is present, Vim sets the 'shellcmdflag' and 'shellquote' or | |
| 294 'shellxquote' options will be set as described above. | |
| 295 | |
| 296 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: |