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1 *os_beos.txt* For Vim version 7.2. Last change: 2005 Mar 29
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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5
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6
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7 *BeOS* *BeBox*
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8 This is a port of Vim 5.1 to the BeOS Preview Release 2 (also known as PR2)
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9 or later.
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10
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11 This file contains the particularities for the BeBox/BeOS version of Vim. For
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12 matters not discussed in this file, Vim behaves very much like the Unix
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13 |os_unix.txt| version.
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14
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15 1. General |beos-general|
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16 2. Compiling Vim |beos-compiling|
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17 3. Timeout in the Terminal |beos-timeout|
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18 4. Unicode vs. Latin1 |beos-unicode|
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19 5. The BeOS GUI |beos-gui|
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20 6. The $VIM directory |beos-vimdir|
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21 7. Drag & Drop |beos-dragndrop|
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22 8. Single Launch vs. Multiple
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23 Launch |beos-launch|
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24 9. Fonts |beos-fonts|
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25 10. The meta key modifier |beos-meta|
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26 11. Mouse key mappings |beos-mouse|
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27 12. Color names |beos-colors|
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28 13. Compiling with Perl |beos-perl|
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29
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30
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31 1. General *beos-general*
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32
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33 The default syntax highlighting mostly works with different foreground colors
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34 to highlight items. This works best if you set your Terminal window to a
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35 darkish background and light letters. Some middle-grey background (for
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36 instance (r,g,b)=(168,168,168)) with black letters also works nicely. If you
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37 use the default light background and dark letters, it may look better to
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38 simply reverse the notion of foreground and background color settings. To do
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39 this, add this to your .vimrc file (where <Esc> may need to be replaced with
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40 the escape character): >
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41
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42 :if &term == "beos-ansi"
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43 : set t_AB=<Esc>[3%dm
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44 : set t_AF=<Esc>[4%dm
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45 :endif
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46
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47
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48 2. Compiling Vim *beos-compiling*
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49
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50 From the Advanced Access Preview Release (AAPR) on, Vim can be configured with
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51 the standard configure script. To get the compiler and its flags right, use
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52 the following command-line in the shell (you can cut and paste it in one go):
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53
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54 CC=$BE_C_COMPILER CFLAGS="$BE_DEFAULT_C_FLAGS -O7" \
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55 ./configure --prefix=/boot/home/config
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56
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57 $BE_C_COMPILER is usually "mwcc", $BE_DEFAULT_C_FLAGS is usually "-I- -I."
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58
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59 When configure has run, and you wish to enable GUI support, you must edit the
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60 config.mk file so that the lines with GUI_xxx refer to $(BEOSGUI_xxx) instead
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61 of $(NONE_xxx).
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62 Alternatively you can make this change in the Makefile; it will have a
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63 more permanent effect. Search for "NONE_".
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64
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65 After compilation you need to add the resources to the binary. Add the
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66 following few lines near the end (before the line with "exit $exit_value") of
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67 the link.sh script to do this automatically.
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68
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69 rmattr BEOS:TYPE vim
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70 copyres os_beos.rsrc vim
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71 mimeset vim
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72
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73 Also, create a dummy file "strip":
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74
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75 #!/bin/sh
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76 mimeset $1
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77 exit 0
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78
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79 You will need it when using "make install" to install Vim.
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80
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81 Now type "make" to compile Vim, then "make install" to install it.
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82
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83 If you want to install Vim by hand, you must copy Vim to $HOME/config/bin, and
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84 create a bunch of symlinks to it ({g,r,rg}{vim,ex,view}). Furthermore you must
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85 copy Vim's configuration files to $HOME/config/share/vim:
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86 vim-5.0s/{*.vim,doc,syntax}. For completeness, you should also copy the nroff
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87 manual pages to $HOME/config/man/man1. Don't forget ctags/ctags and xxd/xxd!
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88
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89 Obviously, you need the unlimited linker to actually link Vim. See
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90 http://www.metrowerks.com for purchasing the CodeWarrior compiler for BeOS.
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91 There are currently no other linkers that can do the job.
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92
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93 This won't be able to include the Perl or Python interfaces even if
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94 you have the appropriate files installed. |beos-perl|
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95
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96
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97 3. Timeout in the Terminal *beos-timeout*
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98
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99 Because some POSIX/UNIX features are still missing[1], there is no direct OS
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100 support for read-with-timeout in the Terminal. This would mean that you cannot
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101 use :mappings of more than one character, unless you also :set notimeout.
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102 |'timeout'|
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103
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104 To circumvent this problem, I added a workaround to provide the necessary
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105 input with timeout by using an extra thread which reads ahead one character.
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106 As a side effect, it also makes Vim recognize when the Terminal window
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107 resizes.
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108
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109 Function keys are not supported in the Terminal since they produce very
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110 indistinctive character sequences.
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111
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112 These problems do not exist in the GUI.
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113
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114 [1]: there is no select() on file descriptors; also the termios VMIN and VTIME
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115 settings do not seem to work properly. This has been the case since DR7 at
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116 least and still has not been fixed as of PR2.
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117
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118 *beos-unicode*
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119 4. Unicode vs. Latin1 *beos-utf8*
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120
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121 BeOS uses Unicode and UTF-8 for text strings (16-bit characters encoded to
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122 8-bit characters). Vim assumes ISO-Latin1 or other 8-bit character codes.
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123 This does not produce the desired results for non-ASCII characters. Try the
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124 command :digraphs to see. If they look messed up, use :set isprint=@ to
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125 (slightly) improve the display of ISO-Latin1 characters 128-255. This works
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126 better in the GUI, depending on which font you use (below).
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127
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128 You may also use the /boot/bin/xtou command to convert UTF-8 files from (xtou
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129 -f iso1 filename) or to (xtou -t iso1 filename) ISO-Latin1 characters.
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130
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131
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132 5. The BeOS GUI *beos-gui*
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133
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134 Normally Vim starts with the GUI if you start it as gvim or vim -g. The BeOS
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135 version tries to determine if it was started from the Tracker instead of the
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136 Terminal, and if so, use the GUI anyway. However, the current detection scheme
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137 is fooled if you use the command "vim - </dev/null" or "vim filename &". The
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138 latter can be called a feature but probably only works because there is no
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139 BSD-style job control.
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140
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141 Stuff that does not work yet:
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142
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143 - Running external commands from the GUI does not work 100% (again due to lack
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144 of support for select()). There was a choice between seeing the command's
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145 output, or being able to interrupt it. I chose for seeing the output. Even
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146 now the command sometimes crashes mysteriously, apparently in Be's
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147 malloc_internal() called from the putenv() function, after fork()ing. (data
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148 access exception occurred, ec01b0ec: 90e80000 *stw r7, 0x0000 (r8)). (:!ls
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149 works usually, :r !ls usually doesn't). This has been reported as bug
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150 # 971215-083826.
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151 - The window title.
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152 - Starting the GUI from the Terminal version with :gui always acts as if
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153 :gui -f were used. There is no way to fix this that I can see.
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154 - There are some small display glitches here and there that I hope to clean up
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155 later. Most of them occur when the window is partially obscured. Some of
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156 them seem to be bugs in BeOS, because the Terminal has similar glitches.
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157 - Mouse up events are not generated when outside the window. This is a bug in
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158 BeOS. You can notice this when selecting text and moving the cursor outside
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159 the window, then letting go of the mouse button. Another way is when you
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160 drag the scrollbar and do the same thing. Because Vim still thinks you are
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161 still playing with the scrollbar it won't change it itself. I provided a
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162 workaround which kicks in when the window is activated or deactivated (so it
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163 works best with focus- follows-mouse (/boot/bin/ffm) turned on).
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164 - The cursor does not flash (very low priority; I'm not sure I even like it
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165 when it flashes)
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166
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167
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168 6. The $VIM directory *beos-vimdir*
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169
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170 $VIM is the symbolic name for the place where Vims support files are stored.
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171 The default value for $VIM is set at compile time and can be determined with >
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172
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173 :version
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174
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175 The normal value is /boot/home/config/share/vim. If you don't like it you can
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176 set the VIM environment variable to override this, or set 'helpfile' in your
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177 .vimrc: >
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178
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179 :if version >= 500
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180 : set helpfile=~/vim/vim54/doc/help.txt
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181 : syntax on
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182 :endif
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183
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184
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185 7. Drag & Drop *beos-dragndrop*
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186
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187 You can drop files and directories on either the Vim icon (starts a new Vim
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188 session, unless you use the File Types application to set Vim to be "Single
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189 Launch") or on the Vim window (starts editing the files). Dropping a folder
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190 sets Vim's current working directory. |:cd| |:pwd| If you drop files or
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191 folders with either SHIFT key pressed, Vim changes directory to the folder
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192 that contains the first item dropped. When starting Vim, there is no need to
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193 press shift: Vim behaves as if you do.
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194
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195 Files dropped set the current argument list. |argument-list|
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196
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197
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198 8. Single Launch vs. Multiple Launch *beos-launch*
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199
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200 As distributed Vim's Application Flags (as seen in the FileTypes preference)
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201 are set to Multiple Launch. If you prefer, you can set them to Single Launch
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202 instead. Attempts to start a second copy of Vim will cause the first Vim to
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203 open the files instead. This works from the Tracker but also from the command
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204 line. In the latter case, non-file (option) arguments are not supported.
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205
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206 NB: Only the GUI version has a BApplication (and hence Application Flags).
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207 This section does not apply to the GUI-less version, should you compile one.
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208
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209
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210 9. Fonts *beos-fonts*
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211
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212 Set fonts with >
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213
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214 :set guifont=Courier10_BT/Roman/10
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215
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216 where the first part is the font family, the second part the style, and the
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217 third part the size. You can use underscores instead of spaces in family and
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218 style.
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219
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220 Best results are obtained with monospaced fonts (such as Courier). Vim
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221 attempts to use all fonts in B_FIXED_SPACING mode but apparently this does not
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222 work for proportional fonts (despite what the BeBook says).
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223
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224 Vim also tries to use the B_ISO8859_1 encoding, also known as ISO Latin 1.
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225 This also does not work for all fonts. It does work for Courier, but not for
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226 ProFontISOLatin1/Regular (strangely enough). You can verify this by giving the >
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227
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228 :digraphs
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229
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230 command, which lists a bunch of characters with their ISO Latin 1 encoding.
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231 If, for instance, there are "box" characters among them, or the last character
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232 isn't a dotted-y, then for this font the encoding does not work.
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233
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234 If the font you specify is unavailable, you get the system fixed font.
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235
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236 Standard fixed-width system fonts are:
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237
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238 ProFontISOLatin1/Regular
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239 Courier10_BT/Roman
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240 Courier10_BT/Italic
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241 Courier10_BT/Bold
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242 Courier10_BT/Bold_Italic
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243
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244 Standard proportional system fonts are:
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245
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246 Swis721_BT/Roman
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247 Swis721_BT/Italic
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248 Swis721_BT/Bold
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249 Swis721_BT/Bold_Italic
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250 Dutch801_Rm_BT/Roman
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251 Dutch801_Rm_BT/Italic
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252 Dutch801_Rm_BT/Bold
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253 Dutch801_Rm_BT/Bold_Italic
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254 Baskerville/Roman
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255 Baskerville/Italic
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256 Baskerville/Bold
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257 Baskerville/Bold_Italic
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258 SymbolProp_BT/Regular
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259
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260 Try some of them, just for fun.
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261
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262
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263 10. The meta key modifier *beos-meta*
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264
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265 The META key modifier is obtained by the left or right OPTION keys. This is
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266 because the ALT (aka COMMAND) keys are not passed to applications.
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267
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268
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269 11. Mouse key mappings *beos-mouse*
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270
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271 Vim calls the various mouse buttons LeftMouse, MiddleMouse and RightMouse. If
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272 you use the default Mouse preference settings these names indeed correspond to
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273 reality. Vim uses this mapping:
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274
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275 Button 1 -> LeftMouse,
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276 Button 2 -> RightMouse,
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277 Button 3 -> MiddleMouse.
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278
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279 If your mouse has fewer than 3 buttons you can provide your own mapping from
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280 mouse clicks with modifier(s) to other mouse buttons. See the file
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281 vim-5.x/macros/swapmous.vim for an example. |gui-mouse-mapping|
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282
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283
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284 12. Color names *beos-colors*
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285
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286 Vim has a number of color names built-in. Additional names are read from the
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287 file $VIMRUNTIME/rgb.txt, if present. This file is basically the color
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288 database from X. Names used from this file are cached for efficiency.
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289
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290
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291 13. Compiling with Perl *beos-perl*
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292
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293 Compiling with Perl support enabled is slightly tricky. The Metrowerks
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294 compiler has some strange ideas where to search for include files. Since
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295 several include files with Perl have the same names as some Vim header
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296 files, the wrong ones get included. To fix this, run the following Perl
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297 script while in the vim-5.0/src directory: >
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298
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299 preproc.pl > perl.h
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300
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301 #!/bin/env perl
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302 # Simple #include expander, just good enough for the Perl header files.
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303
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304 use strict;
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305 use IO::File;
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306 use Config;
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307
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308 sub doinclude
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309 {
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310 my $filename = $_[0];
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311 my $fh = new IO::File($filename, "r");
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312 if (defined $fh) {
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313 print "/* Start of $filename */\n";
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314
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315 while (<$fh>) {
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316 if (/^#include "(.*)"/) {
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317 doinclude($1);
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318 print "/* Back in $filename */\n";
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319 } else {
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320 print $_;
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321 }
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322 }
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323 print "/* End of $filename */\n";
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324
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325 undef $fh;
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326 } else {
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327 print "/* Cannot open $filename */\n";
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328 print "#include \"$filename\"\n";
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329 }
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330 }
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331
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332 chdir $Config{installarchlib}."/CORE";
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333 doinclude "perl.h";
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334
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335 It expands the "perl.h" header file, using only other Perl header files.
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336
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337 Now you can configure & make Vim with the --enable-perlinterp option.
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338 Be warned though that this adds about 616 kilobytes to the size of Vim!
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339 Without Perl, Vim with default features and GUI is about 575K, with Perl
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340 it is about 1191K.
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341
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342 -Olaf Seibert
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343
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344 [Note: these addresses no longer work:]
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345 <rhialto@polder.ubc.kun.nl>
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346 http://polder.ubc.kun.nl/~rhialto/be
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347
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348 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
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