annotate runtime/doc/xxd-ja.UTF-8.1 @ 6697:12155a47f6c2

Update runtime files.
author Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
date Sat, 21 Mar 2015 18:06:14 +0100
parents 7a1b782ec64a
children 93f747af7b58
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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1 .TH XXD 1 "August 1996" "Manual page for xxd"
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2 .\"
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3 .\" 21st May 1996
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4 .\" Man page author:
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5 .\" Tony Nugent <tony@sctnugen.ppp.gu.edu.au> <T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au>
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6 .\" Changes by Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
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7 .SH 名前
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8 .I xxd
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9 \- 16 進ダンプを作成したり、元に戻したり。
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10 .SH 書式
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11 .B xxd
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12 \-h[elp]
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13 .br
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14 .B xxd
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15 [options] [infile [outfile]]
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16 .br
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17 .B xxd
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18 \-r[evert] [options] [infile [outfile]]
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19 .SH 説明
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20 ファイルや標準入力から 16 進ダンプを作成します。
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21 16 進ダンプから元のバイナリに戻すこともできます。
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22 .BR uuencode (1)
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23
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24 .BR uudecode (1)
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25 のように、バイナリデータを、メールに貼り付け可能な ASCII 形式に変換できた
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26 り、標準出力に出力することもできます。
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27 さらに、バイナリファイルにパッチを当てるという使い方もできます。
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28 .SH オプション
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29 .I infile
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30 を指定しなかった場合は、標準入力が読み込まれます。
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31 .I infile
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32
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33 .RB \` \- '
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34 を指定した場合も、標準入力から読み込まれます。
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35 .I outfile
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36 を指定しなかった (または
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37 .RB \` \- '
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38 を指定した) 場合は、標準出力に出力されます。
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39 .PP
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40 引数の解釈処理は適当なので注意してください。パラメータを取らない引数は
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41 最初の一文字だけチェックされます。
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42 引数の文字とパラメータの間のスペースは省略可能です。
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43 パラメータは 10 進数、16 進数、8 進数で指定できます。
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44 .BR \-c8
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45
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46 .BR "\-c 8"
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47
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48 .B \-c 010
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49
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50 .B \-cols 8
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51 はすべて同じ意味です。
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52 .PP
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53 .TP
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54 .IR \-a " | " \-autoskip
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55 オートスキップ: 連続した nul 行を一つの '*' で置き換える。
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56 .TP
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57 .IR \-b " | " \-bits
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58 ビット (2進数) ダンプ。
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59 1 オクテットが "1" と "0" の 8 文字で出力されます。
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60 各行の行頭には 16 進数の行番号が表示されます。
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61 行末には ascii (または ebcdic) で表した場合の文字が表示されます。
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62 このモードでは \-r、\-p、\-i は機能しません。
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63 .TP
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64 .IR "\-c cols " | " \-cols cols"
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65 一行
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66 .RI < cols >
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67 オクテットで出力する。標準設定は 16 (\-i: 12, \-ps: 30, \-b: 6)。最大 256。
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68 .TP
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69 .IR \-E " | " \-EBCDIC
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70 右端に出力される文字のエンコーディングを ASCII から EBCDIC に変更する。
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71 16 進ダンプの出力形式は変更されません。
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72 \-r、\-p、\-i が同時に指定された場合は何の効果もありません。
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73 .TP
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74 .IR "\-g bytes " | " \-groupsize bytes"
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75 出力を
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76 .RI < bytes >
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77 バイト (2 文字の 16 進数、または 8 文字の 2 進数) ごとにスペースで区切りま
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78 す。
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79 区切らずに出力するには
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80 .I \-g 0
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81 を指定してください。
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82 .RI < Bytes >
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83 の標準設定は \fI2\fP です。2 進ダンプの場合は \fI1\fP です。
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84 ポストスクリプト形式やインクルード形式で出力するときは、このオプションは使わ
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85 れません。
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86 .TP
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87 .IR \-h " | " \-help
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88 コマンドの説明を出力して終了する。変換は実行されません。
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89 .TP
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90 .IR \-i " | " \-include
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91 C インクルードファイル形式で出力します。入力ファイルの名前が付けられた静的配
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92 列の定義が出力されます。標準入力の場合は定義の中身だけ出力されます。
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93 .TP
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94 .IR "\-l len " | " \-len len"
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95 .RI < len >
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96 オクテットだけ出力する。
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97 .TP
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98 .IR \-p " | " \-ps " | " \-postscript " | " \-plain
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99 ポストスクリプト形式の 16 進ダンプを出力する。別名 プレーン 16 進ダンプ。
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100 .TP
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101 .IR \-r " | " \-revert
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102 元に戻す: 16 進ダンプからバイナリ形式に変換 (またはパッチ) します。
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103 ファイルへ出力する場合、出力先のファイルは切り詰めされません。
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104 行番号や特定の書式がないプレーン 16 進ダンプを読み込む場合は、
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105 .I \-r \-p
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106 を指定してください。空白と改行は無視されます。
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107 .TP
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108 .I \-seek offset
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109 .IR \-r
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110 の後で使われた場合: 16 進ダンプを出力するファイルの位置に
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111 .RI < offset >
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112 を加える。
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113 .TP
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114 .I \-s [+][\-]seek
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115 infile の
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116 .RI < seek >
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117 バイト目 (絶対位置、または相対位置) から開始する。
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118 \fI+ \fRは、現在の標準入力の位置から相対的な位置を示します
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119 (標準入力から読み込むときのみ意味があります)。\fI\- \fRは、入力の終わりから
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120 の文字数を示します (\fI+\fR と同時に指定した場合は、現在の標準入力の位置から
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121 手前の位置を示します)。
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122 \-s 引数を指定しなかった場合は、現在のファイル位置から開始されます。
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123 .TP
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124 .I \-u
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125 16 進数の表記に大文字を使います。指定がない場合は小文字で出力されます。
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126 .TP
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127 .IR \-v " | " \-version
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128 バージョンを表示します。
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129 .SH 警告
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130 .PP
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131 .I xxd \-r
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132 では行番号の評価に関しての暗黙のルールがいくつかあります。
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133 出力ファイルがシーク可能なら、各行の行番号が順番通りに並んでなくても構いませ
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134 ん。位置が飛んでいても重なっていても大丈夫です。その場合、次の位置に移動する
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135 ために lseek(2) が使われます。
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136 出力ファイルがシーク不可なら、「隙間」だけが処理可能です。隙間は null バイト
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137 で埋められます。
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138 .PP
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139 .I xxd \-r
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140 は不正な入力をエラーにしません。ゴミは静かに読み飛ばされます。
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141 .PP
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142 16 進ダンプを編集するときは注意が必要です。
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143 .I xxd \-r
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144 は必要な桁 (\-c 引数参照) だけ 16 進データを読み込んで、行の残りを無視しま
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145 す。つまり、ascii (または ebcdic) を示している列への変更は無視されます。
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146 xxd \-r \-p でプレーン形式 (ポストスクリプト形式) の 16 進ダンプを元に戻す場
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147 合は、列の数は影響しません。
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148 2 桁の 16 進数と認識できるものはすべて変換されます。
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149 .PP
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150 \fI% xxd \-i file\fR
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151 .br
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152
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153 .br
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154 \fI% xxd \-i < file\fR
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155 .br
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156 の結果は違います。注意してください。
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157 .PP
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158 .I xxd \-s +seek
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159
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160 .IR "xxd \-s seek" ,
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161 の違いは、lseek(2) を使って入力を "巻き戻す" かどうかです。'+' が意味を持つ
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162 のは、入力が標準入力で、xxd が起動されたときに標準入力のファイル位置がファイ
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163 ルの先頭ではなかった場合です。
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164 以下の例が分かりやすいかもしれません (もっと混乱するかも!)...
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165 .PP
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166 `cat' が既に標準入力を終わりまで読んでいるので、読む前に標準入力を巻き戻す必
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167 要がある。
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168 .br
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169 \fI% sh \-c "cat > plain_copy; xxd \-s 0 > hex_copy" < file\fR
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170 .PP
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171 ファイル位置 0x480 (=1024+128) 前方から 16 進ダンプする。
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172 `+' は 「現在地からの相対位置」を意味するので、dd が 1k 処理した後から、さら
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173 に `128' 進めます。
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174 .br
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175 \fI% sh \-c "dd of=plain_snippet bs=1k count=1; xxd \-s +128 > hex_snippet" < file\fR
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176 .PP
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177 ファイル位置 0x100 ( = 1024\-768) から 16 進ダンプする。
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178 .br
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179 \fI% sh \-c "dd of=plain_snippet bs=1k count=1; xxd \-s +\-768 > hex_snippet" < file\fR
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180 .PP
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181 このような使い方はあまりしませんし、`+' を使うこともほとんどないでしょう。
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182 \-s を使うときはいつでも、strace(1) や truss(1) を使って、xxd の働きをチェッ
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183 クすることをお勧めします。
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184 .SH 例
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185 .PP
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186 .br
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187 .BR ファイル
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188 の最初の三行 (16 進数で 0x30 バイト) 以降を出力する。
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189 .br
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190 \fI% xxd \-s 0x30 file\fR
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191 .PP
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192 .br
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193 .BR ファイル
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194 の最後から三行 (16 進数で 0x30 バイト) を出力する。
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195 .br
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196 \fI% xxd \-s \-0x30 file\fR
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197 .PP
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198 .br
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199 120 バイトを、平文 16 進ダンプ形式で一行に 20 オクテットずつ出力する。
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200 .br
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201 \fI% xxd \-l 120 \-ps \-c 20 xxd.1\fR
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202 .br
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203 2e54482058584420312022417567757374203139
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204 .br
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205 39362220224d616e75616c207061676520666f72
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206 .br
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207 20787864220a2e5c220a2e5c222032317374204d
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208 .br
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209 617920313939360a2e5c22204d616e2070616765
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210 .br
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211 20617574686f723a0a2e5c2220202020546f6e79
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212 .br
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213 204e7567656e74203c746f6e79407363746e7567
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214 .br
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215
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216 .br
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217 この man ページの先頭から 120 バイトを一行に 12 オクテットずつ 16 進ダンプす
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218 る。
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219 .br
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220 \fI% xxd \-l 120 \-c 12 xxd.1\fR
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221 .br
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222 0000000: 2e54 4820 5858 4420 3120 2241 .TH XXD 1 "A
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223 .br
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224 000000c: 7567 7573 7420 3139 3936 2220 ugust 1996"
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225 .br
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226 0000018: 224d 616e 7561 6c20 7061 6765 "Manual page
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227 .br
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228 0000024: 2066 6f72 2078 7864 220a 2e5c for xxd"..\\
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229 .br
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230 0000030: 220a 2e5c 2220 3231 7374 204d "..\\" 21st M
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231 .br
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232 000003c: 6179 2031 3939 360a 2e5c 2220 ay 1996..\\"
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233 .br
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234 0000048: 4d61 6e20 7061 6765 2061 7574 Man page aut
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235 .br
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236 0000054: 686f 723a 0a2e 5c22 2020 2020 hor:..\\"
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237 .br
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238 0000060: 546f 6e79 204e 7567 656e 7420 Tony Nugent
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239 .br
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240 000006c: 3c74 6f6e 7940 7363 746e 7567 <tony@sctnug
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241 .PP
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242 .br
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243 xxd.1 の日付部分だけを出力する。
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244 .br
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245 \fI% xxd \-s 0x36 \-l 13 \-c 13 xxd.1\fR
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246 .br
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247 0000036: 3231 7374 204d 6179 2031 3939 36 21st May 1996
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248 .PP
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249 .br
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250 .B input_file
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251
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252 .B output_file
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253 にコピーし、先頭に 0x00 を 100 バイト分付け加える。
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254 .br
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255 \fI% xxd input_file | xxd \-r \-s 100 > output_file\fR
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256 .br
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257
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258 .br
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259 xxd.1 の日付を修正する。
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260 .br
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261 \fI% echo "0000037: 3574 68" | xxd \-r \- xxd.1\fR
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262 .br
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263 \fI% xxd \-s 0x36 \-l 13 \-c 13 xxd.1\fR
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264 .br
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265 0000036: 3235 7468 204d 6179 2031 3939 36 25th May 1996
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266 .PP
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267 .br
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268 中身がすべて 0x00 の 65537 バイトのファイルを作成する。
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269 ただし、最後のバイトだけは 'A' (hex 0x41)。
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270 .br
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271 \fI% echo "010000: 41" | xxd \-r > file\fR
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272 .PP
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273 .br
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274 作成したファイルをオートスキップを使って 16 進ダンプする。
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275 .br
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276 \fI% xxd \-a \-c 12 file\fR
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277 .br
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278 0000000: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ............
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279 .br
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280 *
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281 .br
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282 000fffc: 0000 0000 40 ....A
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283 .PP
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284 一文字の 'A' からなる 1 バイトのファイルを作成する。
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285 '\-r \-s' の後に指定した数値がファイル中の行番号に加算され、結果、余計なバ
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286 イトが飛ばされる。
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287 .br
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288 \fI% echo "010000: 41" | xxd \-r \-s \-0x10000 > file\fR
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289 .PP
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290 .B vim(1)
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291 の中から xxd をフィルタとして実行し、
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292 マークされた `a' から `z' までの領域を 16 進ダンプする。
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293 .br
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294 \fI:'a,'z!xxd\fR
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295 .PP
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296 .B vim(1)
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297 の中から xxd をフィルタとして実行し、
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298 マークされた `a' から `z' までの領域をバイナリに戻す。
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299 .br
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300 \fI:'a,'z!xxd \-r\fR
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301 .PP
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302 .B vim(1)
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303 の中から xxd をフィルタとして実行し、
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304 16 進ダンプされた行を元に戻す。戻したい行にカーソルを移動して:
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305 .br
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306 \fI!!xxd \-r\fR
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307 .PP
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308 シリアル行から一文字読み込む
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309 .br
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310 \fI% xxd \-c1 < /dev/term/b &\fR
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311 .br
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312 \fI% stty < /dev/term/b \-echo \-opost \-isig \-icanon min 1\fR
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313 .br
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314 \fI% echo \-n foo > /dev/term/b\fR
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315 .PP
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316 .SH 返り値
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317 以下のエラー値が返ります:
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318 .TP
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319 0
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320 エラーなし。
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321 .TP
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322 \-1
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323 操作がサポートされていない (
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324 .I xxd \-r \-i
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325 はまだ不可です)。
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326 .TP
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327 1
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328 引数の解釈に関するエラー。
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329 .TP
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330 2
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331 入力ファイルに関する問題。
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332 .TP
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333 3
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334 出力ファイルに関する問題。
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335 .TP
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336 4,5
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337 指定された位置へシークできなかった。
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338 .SH 関連項目
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339 uuencode(1), uudecode(1), patch(1)
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340 .br
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341 .SH 警告
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342 この奇妙なツールは作者が使いやすいように作られています。
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343 自己責任で使ってください。ファイルをコピーし、それを調べ、ウィザードたれ。
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344 .br
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345 .SH バージョン
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346 このマニュアルは xxd バージョン 1.7 について説明しています。
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347 .SH 著者
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348 .br
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349 (c) 1990-1997 by Juergen Weigert
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350 .br
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351 <jnweiger@informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>
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352 .LP
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353 私の功績として自由に配布してください。
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354 .br
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355 儲かったら教えてください。
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356 .br
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357 損しても知りません。
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358 .PP
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359 マニュアルは Tony Nugent
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360 .br
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361 <tony@sctnugen.ppp.gu.edu.au> <T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au>
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362 .br
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363 によって書かれ、
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364 Bram Moolenaar が少し変更を加え、
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365 Juergen Weigert が編集しました。
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366 .PP