new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vim9expr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2893 @@
+/* vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
+ *
+ * VIM - Vi IMproved	by Bram Moolenaar
+ *
+ * Do ":help uganda"  in Vim to read copying and usage conditions.
+ * Do ":help credits" in Vim to see a list of people who contributed.
+ * See README.txt for an overview of the Vim source code.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * vim9cmds.c: Dealing with compiled function expressions
+ */
+
+#define USING_FLOAT_STUFF
+#include "vim.h"
+
+#if defined(FEAT_EVAL) || defined(PROTO)
+
+// When not generating protos this is included in proto.h
+#ifdef PROTO
+# include "vim9.h"
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Generate code for any ppconst entries.
+ */
+    int
+generate_ppconst(cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    int	    i;
+    int	    ret = OK;
+    int	    save_skip = cctx->ctx_skip;
+
+    cctx->ctx_skip = SKIP_NOT;
+    for (i = 0; i < ppconst->pp_used; ++i)
+	if (generate_tv_PUSH(cctx, &ppconst->pp_tv[i]) == FAIL)
+	    ret = FAIL;
+    ppconst->pp_used = 0;
+    cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that the last item of "ppconst" is a bool, if there is an item.
+ */
+    static int
+check_ppconst_bool(ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    if (ppconst->pp_used > 0)
+    {
+	typval_T    *tv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 1];
+	where_T	    where = WHERE_INIT;
+
+	return check_typval_type(&t_bool, tv, where);
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Clear ppconst constants.  Used when failing.
+ */
+    void
+clear_ppconst(ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    int	    i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ppconst->pp_used; ++i)
+	clear_tv(&ppconst->pp_tv[i]);
+    ppconst->pp_used = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile getting a member from a list/dict/string/blob.  Stack has the
+ * indexable value and the index or the two indexes of a slice.
+ * "keeping_dict" is used for dict[func](arg) to pass dict to func.
+ */
+    int
+compile_member(int is_slice, int *keeping_dict, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    type_T	**typep;
+    garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+    vartype_T	vartype;
+    type_T	*idxtype;
+
+    // We can index a list, dict and blob.  If we don't know the type
+    // we can use the index value type.  If we still don't know use an "ANY"
+    // instruction.
+    typep = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data) + stack->ga_len
+						  - (is_slice ? 3 : 2);
+    vartype = (*typep)->tt_type;
+    idxtype = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
+    // If the index is a string, the variable must be a Dict.
+    if (*typep == &t_any && idxtype == &t_string)
+	vartype = VAR_DICT;
+    if (vartype == VAR_STRING || vartype == VAR_LIST || vartype == VAR_BLOB)
+    {
+	if (need_type(idxtype, &t_number, -1, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (is_slice)
+	{
+	    idxtype = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 2];
+	    if (need_type(idxtype, &t_number, -2, 0, cctx,
+							 FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (vartype == VAR_DICT)
+    {
+	if (is_slice)
+	{
+	    emsg(_(e_cannot_slice_dictionary));
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	if ((*typep)->tt_type == VAR_DICT)
+	{
+	    *typep = (*typep)->tt_member;
+	    if (*typep == &t_unknown)
+		// empty dict was used
+		*typep = &t_any;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    if (need_type(*typep, &t_dict_any, -2, 0, cctx,
+							 FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    *typep = &t_any;
+	}
+	if (may_generate_2STRING(-1, FALSE, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_MEMBER, 1) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (keeping_dict != NULL)
+	    *keeping_dict = TRUE;
+    }
+    else if (vartype == VAR_STRING)
+    {
+	*typep = &t_string;
+	if ((is_slice
+		? generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_STRSLICE, 2)
+		: generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_STRINDEX, 1)) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+    }
+    else if (vartype == VAR_BLOB)
+    {
+	if (is_slice)
+	{
+	    *typep = &t_blob;
+	    if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_BLOBSLICE, 2) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    *typep = &t_number;
+	    if (generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_BLOBINDEX, 1) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+    else if (vartype == VAR_LIST || *typep == &t_any)
+    {
+	if (is_slice)
+	{
+	    if (generate_instr_drop(cctx,
+		     vartype == VAR_LIST ?  ISN_LISTSLICE : ISN_ANYSLICE,
+							    2) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    if ((*typep)->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
+	    {
+		*typep = (*typep)->tt_member;
+		if (*typep == &t_unknown)
+		    // empty list was used
+		    *typep = &t_any;
+	    }
+	    if (generate_instr_drop(cctx,
+			vartype == VAR_LIST ?  ISN_LISTINDEX : ISN_ANYINDEX, 1)
+								       == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	switch (vartype)
+	{
+	    case VAR_FUNC:
+	    case VAR_PARTIAL:
+		emsg(_(e_cannot_index_a_funcref));
+		break;
+	    case VAR_BOOL:
+	    case VAR_SPECIAL:
+	    case VAR_JOB:
+	    case VAR_CHANNEL:
+	    case VAR_INSTR:
+	    case VAR_UNKNOWN:
+	    case VAR_ANY:
+	    case VAR_VOID:
+		emsg(_(e_cannot_index_special_variable));
+		break;
+	    default:
+		emsg(_(e_string_list_dict_or_blob_required));
+	}
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Generate an instruction to load script-local variable "name", without the
+ * leading "s:".
+ * Also finds imported variables.
+ */
+    int
+compile_load_scriptvar(
+	cctx_T *cctx,
+	char_u *name,	    // variable NUL terminated
+	char_u *start,	    // start of variable
+	char_u **end,	    // end of variable
+	int    error)	    // when TRUE may give error
+{
+    scriptitem_T    *si;
+    int		    idx;
+    imported_T	    *import;
+
+    if (!SCRIPT_ID_VALID(current_sctx.sc_sid))
+	return FAIL;
+    si = SCRIPT_ITEM(current_sctx.sc_sid);
+    idx = get_script_item_idx(current_sctx.sc_sid, name, 0, cctx);
+    if (idx == -1 || si->sn_version != SCRIPT_VERSION_VIM9)
+    {
+	// variable is not in sn_var_vals: old style script.
+	return generate_OLDSCRIPT(cctx, ISN_LOADS, name, current_sctx.sc_sid,
+								       &t_any);
+    }
+    if (idx >= 0)
+    {
+	svar_T		*sv = ((svar_T *)si->sn_var_vals.ga_data) + idx;
+
+	generate_VIM9SCRIPT(cctx, ISN_LOADSCRIPT,
+					current_sctx.sc_sid, idx, sv->sv_type);
+	return OK;
+    }
+
+    import = find_imported(name, 0, cctx);
+    if (import != NULL)
+    {
+	if (import->imp_flags & IMP_FLAGS_STAR)
+	{
+	    char_u	*p = skipwhite(*end);
+	    char_u	*exp_name;
+	    int		cc;
+	    ufunc_T	*ufunc;
+	    type_T	*type;
+
+	    // Used "import * as Name", need to lookup the member.
+	    if (*p != '.')
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_expected_dot_after_name_str), start);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    ++p;
+	    if (VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_no_white_space_allowed_after_dot));
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    // isolate one name
+	    exp_name = p;
+	    while (eval_isnamec(*p))
+		++p;
+	    cc = *p;
+	    *p = NUL;
+
+	    idx = find_exported(import->imp_sid, exp_name, &ufunc, &type,
+								   cctx, TRUE);
+	    *p = cc;
+	    p = skipwhite(p);
+	    *end = p;
+
+	    if (idx < 0)
+	    {
+		if (*p == '(' && ufunc != NULL)
+		{
+		    generate_PUSHFUNC(cctx, ufunc->uf_name, import->imp_type);
+		    return OK;
+		}
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    generate_VIM9SCRIPT(cctx, ISN_LOADSCRIPT,
+		    import->imp_sid,
+		    idx,
+		    type);
+	}
+	else if (import->imp_funcname != NULL)
+	    generate_PUSHFUNC(cctx, import->imp_funcname, import->imp_type);
+	else
+	    generate_VIM9SCRIPT(cctx, ISN_LOADSCRIPT,
+		    import->imp_sid,
+		    import->imp_var_vals_idx,
+		    import->imp_type);
+	return OK;
+    }
+
+    if (error)
+	semsg(_(e_item_not_found_str), name);
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+    static int
+generate_funcref(cctx_T *cctx, char_u *name)
+{
+    ufunc_T *ufunc = find_func(name, FALSE, cctx);
+
+    if (ufunc == NULL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    // Need to compile any default values to get the argument types.
+    if (func_needs_compiling(ufunc, COMPILE_TYPE(ufunc))
+	    && compile_def_function(ufunc, TRUE, COMPILE_TYPE(ufunc), NULL)
+								       == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    return generate_PUSHFUNC(cctx, ufunc->uf_name, ufunc->uf_func_type);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile a variable name into a load instruction.
+ * "end" points to just after the name.
+ * "is_expr" is TRUE when evaluating an expression, might be a funcref.
+ * When "error" is FALSE do not give an error when not found.
+ */
+    int
+compile_load(
+	char_u **arg,
+	char_u *end_arg,
+	cctx_T	*cctx,
+	int	is_expr,
+	int	error)
+{
+    type_T	*type;
+    char_u	*name = NULL;
+    char_u	*end = end_arg;
+    int		res = FAIL;
+    int		prev_called_emsg = called_emsg;
+
+    if (*(*arg + 1) == ':')
+    {
+	if (end <= *arg + 2)
+	{
+	    isntype_T  isn_type;
+
+	    // load dictionary of namespace
+	    switch (**arg)
+	    {
+		case 'g': isn_type = ISN_LOADGDICT; break;
+		case 'w': isn_type = ISN_LOADWDICT; break;
+		case 't': isn_type = ISN_LOADTDICT; break;
+		case 'b': isn_type = ISN_LOADBDICT; break;
+		default:
+		    semsg(_(e_namespace_not_supported_str), *arg);
+		    goto theend;
+	    }
+	    if (generate_instr_type(cctx, isn_type, &t_dict_any) == NULL)
+		goto theend;
+	    res = OK;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    isntype_T  isn_type = ISN_DROP;
+
+	    // load namespaced variable
+	    name = vim_strnsave(*arg + 2, end - (*arg + 2));
+	    if (name == NULL)
+		return FAIL;
+
+	    switch (**arg)
+	    {
+		case 'v': res = generate_LOADV(cctx, name, error);
+			  break;
+		case 's': if (is_expr && ASCII_ISUPPER(*name)
+				       && find_func(name, FALSE, cctx) != NULL)
+			      res = generate_funcref(cctx, name);
+			  else
+			      res = compile_load_scriptvar(cctx, name,
+							    NULL, &end, error);
+			  break;
+		case 'g': if (vim_strchr(name, AUTOLOAD_CHAR) == NULL)
+			  {
+			      if (is_expr && ASCII_ISUPPER(*name)
+				       && find_func(name, FALSE, cctx) != NULL)
+				  res = generate_funcref(cctx, name);
+			      else
+				  isn_type = ISN_LOADG;
+			  }
+			  else
+			  {
+			      isn_type = ISN_LOADAUTO;
+			      vim_free(name);
+			      name = vim_strnsave(*arg, end - *arg);
+			      if (name == NULL)
+				  return FAIL;
+			  }
+			  break;
+		case 'w': isn_type = ISN_LOADW; break;
+		case 't': isn_type = ISN_LOADT; break;
+		case 'b': isn_type = ISN_LOADB; break;
+		default:  // cannot happen, just in case
+			  semsg(_(e_namespace_not_supported_str), *arg);
+			  goto theend;
+	    }
+	    if (isn_type != ISN_DROP)
+	    {
+		// Global, Buffer-local, Window-local and Tabpage-local
+		// variables can be defined later, thus we don't check if it
+		// exists, give an error at runtime.
+		res = generate_LOAD(cctx, isn_type, 0, name, &t_any);
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	size_t	    len = end - *arg;
+	int	    idx;
+	int	    gen_load = FALSE;
+	int	    gen_load_outer = 0;
+
+	name = vim_strnsave(*arg, end - *arg);
+	if (name == NULL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	if (vim_strchr(name, AUTOLOAD_CHAR) != NULL)
+	{
+	    script_autoload(name, FALSE);
+	    res = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADAUTO, 0, name, &t_any);
+	}
+	else if (arg_exists(*arg, len, &idx, &type, &gen_load_outer, cctx)
+									 == OK)
+	{
+	    if (gen_load_outer == 0)
+		gen_load = TRUE;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    lvar_T lvar;
+
+	    if (lookup_local(*arg, len, &lvar, cctx) == OK)
+	    {
+		type = lvar.lv_type;
+		idx = lvar.lv_idx;
+		if (lvar.lv_from_outer != 0)
+		    gen_load_outer = lvar.lv_from_outer;
+		else
+		    gen_load = TRUE;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		// "var" can be script-local even without using "s:" if it
+		// already exists in a Vim9 script or when it's imported.
+		if (script_var_exists(*arg, len, cctx) == OK
+			|| find_imported(name, 0, cctx) != NULL)
+		   res = compile_load_scriptvar(cctx, name, *arg, &end, FALSE);
+
+		// When evaluating an expression and the name starts with an
+		// uppercase letter it can be a user defined function.
+		// generate_funcref() will fail if the function can't be found.
+		if (res == FAIL && is_expr && ASCII_ISUPPER(*name))
+		    res = generate_funcref(cctx, name);
+	    }
+	}
+	if (gen_load)
+	    res = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOAD, idx, NULL, type);
+	if (gen_load_outer > 0)
+	{
+	    res = generate_LOADOUTER(cctx, idx, gen_load_outer, type);
+	    cctx->ctx_outer_used = TRUE;
+	}
+    }
+
+    *arg = end;
+
+theend:
+    if (res == FAIL && error && called_emsg == prev_called_emsg)
+	semsg(_(e_variable_not_found_str), name);
+    vim_free(name);
+    return res;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile a string in a ISN_PUSHS instruction into an ISN_INSTR.
+ * Returns FAIL if compilation fails.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_string(isn_T *isn, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    char_u	*s = isn->isn_arg.string;
+    garray_T	save_ga = cctx->ctx_instr;
+    int		expr_res;
+    int		trailing_error;
+    int		instr_count;
+    isn_T	*instr = NULL;
+
+    // Remove the string type from the stack.
+    --cctx->ctx_type_stack.ga_len;
+
+    // Temporarily reset the list of instructions so that the jump labels are
+    // correct.
+    cctx->ctx_instr.ga_len = 0;
+    cctx->ctx_instr.ga_maxlen = 0;
+    cctx->ctx_instr.ga_data = NULL;
+    expr_res = compile_expr0(&s, cctx);
+    s = skipwhite(s);
+    trailing_error = *s != NUL;
+
+    if (expr_res == FAIL || trailing_error
+				       || GA_GROW_FAILS(&cctx->ctx_instr, 1))
+    {
+	if (trailing_error)
+	    semsg(_(e_trailing_arg), s);
+	clear_instr_ga(&cctx->ctx_instr);
+	cctx->ctx_instr = save_ga;
+	++cctx->ctx_type_stack.ga_len;
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    // Move the generated instructions into the ISN_INSTR instruction, then
+    // restore the list of instructions.
+    instr_count = cctx->ctx_instr.ga_len;
+    instr = cctx->ctx_instr.ga_data;
+    instr[instr_count].isn_type = ISN_FINISH;
+
+    cctx->ctx_instr = save_ga;
+    vim_free(isn->isn_arg.string);
+    isn->isn_type = ISN_INSTR;
+    isn->isn_arg.instr = instr;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile the argument expressions.
+ * "arg" points to just after the "(" and is advanced to after the ")"
+ */
+    static int
+compile_arguments(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, int *argcount, int is_searchpair)
+{
+    char_u  *p = *arg;
+    char_u  *whitep = *arg;
+    int	    must_end = FALSE;
+    int	    instr_count;
+
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	if (may_get_next_line(whitep, &p, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    goto failret;
+	if (*p == ')')
+	{
+	    *arg = p + 1;
+	    return OK;
+	}
+	if (must_end)
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_missing_comma_before_argument_str), p);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	instr_count = cctx->ctx_instr.ga_len;
+	if (compile_expr0(&p, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	++*argcount;
+
+	if (is_searchpair && *argcount == 5
+		&& cctx->ctx_instr.ga_len == instr_count + 1)
+	{
+	    isn_T *isn = ((isn_T *)cctx->ctx_instr.ga_data) + instr_count;
+
+	    // {skip} argument of searchpair() can be compiled if not empty
+	    if (isn->isn_type == ISN_PUSHS && *isn->isn_arg.string != NUL)
+		compile_string(isn, cctx);
+	}
+
+	if (*p != ',' && *skipwhite(p) == ',')
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_no_white_space_allowed_before_str_str), ",", p);
+	    p = skipwhite(p);
+	}
+	if (*p == ',')
+	{
+	    ++p;
+	    if (*p != NUL && !VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
+		semsg(_(e_white_space_required_after_str_str), ",", p - 1);
+	}
+	else
+	    must_end = TRUE;
+	whitep = p;
+	p = skipwhite(p);
+    }
+failret:
+    emsg(_(e_missing_closing_paren));
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile a function call:  name(arg1, arg2)
+ * "arg" points to "name", "arg + varlen" to the "(".
+ * "argcount_init" is 1 for "value->method()"
+ * Instructions:
+ *	EVAL arg1
+ *	EVAL arg2
+ *	BCALL / DCALL / UCALL
+ */
+    static int
+compile_call(
+	char_u	    **arg,
+	size_t	    varlen,
+	cctx_T	    *cctx,
+	ppconst_T   *ppconst,
+	int	    argcount_init)
+{
+    char_u	*name = *arg;
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		argcount = argcount_init;
+    char_u	namebuf[100];
+    char_u	fname_buf[FLEN_FIXED + 1];
+    char_u	*tofree = NULL;
+    int		error = FCERR_NONE;
+    ufunc_T	*ufunc = NULL;
+    int		res = FAIL;
+    int		is_autoload;
+    int		is_searchpair;
+
+    // We can evaluate "has('name')" at compile time.
+    // We always evaluate "exists_compiled()" at compile time.
+    if ((varlen == 3 && STRNCMP(*arg, "has", 3) == 0)
+	    || (varlen == 15 && STRNCMP(*arg, "exists_compiled", 6) == 0))
+    {
+	char_u	    *s = skipwhite(*arg + varlen + 1);
+	typval_T    argvars[2];
+	int	    is_has = **arg == 'h';
+
+	argvars[0].v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
+	if (*s == '"')
+	    (void)eval_string(&s, &argvars[0], TRUE);
+	else if (*s == '\'')
+	    (void)eval_lit_string(&s, &argvars[0], TRUE);
+	s = skipwhite(s);
+	if (*s == ')' && argvars[0].v_type == VAR_STRING
+	       && ((is_has && !dynamic_feature(argvars[0].vval.v_string))
+		    || !is_has))
+	{
+	    typval_T	*tv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used];
+
+	    *arg = s + 1;
+	    argvars[1].v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
+	    tv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
+	    tv->vval.v_number = 0;
+	    if (is_has)
+		f_has(argvars, tv);
+	    else
+		f_exists(argvars, tv);
+	    clear_tv(&argvars[0]);
+	    ++ppconst->pp_used;
+	    return OK;
+	}
+	clear_tv(&argvars[0]);
+	if (!is_has)
+	{
+	    emsg(_(e_argument_of_exists_compiled_must_be_literal_string));
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+
+    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (varlen >= sizeof(namebuf))
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_name_too_long_str), name);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    vim_strncpy(namebuf, *arg, varlen);
+    name = fname_trans_sid(namebuf, fname_buf, &tofree, &error);
+
+    // We handle the "skip" argument of searchpair() and searchpairpos()
+    // differently.
+    is_searchpair = (varlen == 6 && STRNCMP(*arg, "search", 6) == 0)
+	         || (varlen == 9 && STRNCMP(*arg, "searchpos", 9) == 0)
+	        || (varlen == 10 && STRNCMP(*arg, "searchpair", 10) == 0)
+	        || (varlen == 13 && STRNCMP(*arg, "searchpairpos", 13) == 0);
+
+    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + varlen + 1);
+    if (compile_arguments(arg, cctx, &argcount, is_searchpair) == FAIL)
+	goto theend;
+
+    is_autoload = vim_strchr(name, AUTOLOAD_CHAR) != NULL;
+    if (ASCII_ISLOWER(*name) && name[1] != ':' && !is_autoload)
+    {
+	int	    idx;
+
+	// builtin function
+	idx = find_internal_func(name);
+	if (idx >= 0)
+	{
+	    if (STRCMP(name, "flatten") == 0)
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_cannot_use_flatten_in_vim9_script));
+		goto theend;
+	    }
+
+	    if (STRCMP(name, "add") == 0 && argcount == 2)
+	    {
+		garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+		type_T	    *type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[
+							    stack->ga_len - 2];
+
+		// add() can be compiled to instructions if we know the type
+		if (type->tt_type == VAR_LIST)
+		{
+		    // inline "add(list, item)" so that the type can be checked
+		    res = generate_LISTAPPEND(cctx);
+		    idx = -1;
+		}
+		else if (type->tt_type == VAR_BLOB)
+		{
+		    // inline "add(blob, nr)" so that the type can be checked
+		    res = generate_BLOBAPPEND(cctx);
+		    idx = -1;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	    if (idx >= 0)
+		res = generate_BCALL(cctx, idx, argcount, argcount_init == 1);
+	}
+	else
+	    semsg(_(e_unknown_function_str), namebuf);
+	goto theend;
+    }
+
+    // An argument or local variable can be a function reference, this
+    // overrules a function name.
+    if (lookup_local(namebuf, varlen, NULL, cctx) == FAIL
+	    && arg_exists(namebuf, varlen, NULL, NULL, NULL, cctx) != OK)
+    {
+	// If we can find the function by name generate the right call.
+	// Skip global functions here, a local funcref takes precedence.
+	ufunc = find_func(name, FALSE, cctx);
+	if (ufunc != NULL && !func_is_global(ufunc))
+	{
+	    res = generate_CALL(cctx, ufunc, argcount);
+	    goto theend;
+	}
+    }
+
+    // If the name is a variable, load it and use PCALL.
+    // Not for g:Func(), we don't know if it is a variable or not.
+    // Not for eome#Func(), it will be loaded later.
+    p = namebuf;
+    if (STRNCMP(namebuf, "g:", 2) != 0 && !is_autoload
+	    && compile_load(&p, namebuf + varlen, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == OK)
+    {
+	garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+	type_T	    *type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
+
+	res = generate_PCALL(cctx, argcount, namebuf, type, FALSE);
+	goto theend;
+    }
+
+    // If we can find a global function by name generate the right call.
+    if (ufunc != NULL)
+    {
+	res = generate_CALL(cctx, ufunc, argcount);
+	goto theend;
+    }
+
+    // A global function may be defined only later.  Need to figure out at
+    // runtime.  Also handles a FuncRef at runtime.
+    if (STRNCMP(namebuf, "g:", 2) == 0 || is_autoload)
+	res = generate_UCALL(cctx, name, argcount);
+    else
+	semsg(_(e_unknown_function_str), namebuf);
+
+theend:
+    vim_free(tofree);
+    return res;
+}
+
+// like NAMESPACE_CHAR but with 'a' and 'l'.
+#define VIM9_NAMESPACE_CHAR	(char_u *)"bgstvw"
+
+/*
+ * Find the end of a variable or function name.  Unlike find_name_end() this
+ * does not recognize magic braces.
+ * When "use_namespace" is TRUE recognize "b:", "s:", etc.
+ * Return a pointer to just after the name.  Equal to "arg" if there is no
+ * valid name.
+ */
+    char_u *
+to_name_end(char_u *arg, int use_namespace)
+{
+    char_u	*p;
+
+    // Quick check for valid starting character.
+    if (!eval_isnamec1(*arg))
+	return arg;
+
+    for (p = arg + 1; *p != NUL && eval_isnamec(*p); MB_PTR_ADV(p))
+	// Include a namespace such as "s:var" and "v:var".  But "n:" is not
+	// and can be used in slice "[n:]".
+	if (*p == ':' && (p != arg + 1
+			     || !use_namespace
+			     || vim_strchr(VIM9_NAMESPACE_CHAR, *arg) == NULL))
+	    break;
+    return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Like to_name_end() but also skip over a list or dict constant.
+ * Also accept "<SNR>123_Func".
+ * This intentionally does not handle line continuation.
+ */
+    char_u *
+to_name_const_end(char_u *arg)
+{
+    char_u	*p = arg;
+    typval_T	rettv;
+
+    if (STRNCMP(p, "<SNR>", 5) == 0)
+	p = skipdigits(p + 5);
+    p = to_name_end(p, TRUE);
+    if (p == arg && *arg == '[')
+    {
+
+	// Can be "[1, 2, 3]->Func()".
+	if (eval_list(&p, &rettv, NULL, FALSE) == FAIL)
+	    p = arg;
+    }
+    return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * parse a list: [expr, expr]
+ * "*arg" points to the '['.
+ * ppconst->pp_is_const is set if all items are a constant.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_list(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    char_u	*p = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
+    char_u	*whitep = *arg + 1;
+    int		count = 0;
+    int		is_const;
+    int		is_all_const = TRUE;	// reset when non-const encountered
+
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	if (may_get_next_line(whitep, &p, cctx) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_list_end), *arg);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	if (*p == ',')
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_no_white_space_allowed_before_str_str), ",", p);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	if (*p == ']')
+	{
+	    ++p;
+	    break;
+	}
+	if (compile_expr0_ext(&p, cctx, &is_const) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (!is_const)
+	    is_all_const = FALSE;
+	++count;
+	if (*p == ',')
+	{
+	    ++p;
+	    if (*p != ']' && !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(*p))
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_white_space_required_after_str_str), ",", p - 1);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	}
+	whitep = p;
+	p = skipwhite(p);
+    }
+    *arg = p;
+
+    ppconst->pp_is_const = is_all_const;
+    return generate_NEWLIST(cctx, count);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse a lambda: "(arg, arg) => expr"
+ * "*arg" points to the '('.
+ * Returns OK/FAIL when a lambda is recognized, NOTDONE if it's not a lambda.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_lambda(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    int		r;
+    typval_T	rettv;
+    ufunc_T	*ufunc;
+    evalarg_T	evalarg;
+
+    init_evalarg(&evalarg);
+    evalarg.eval_flags = EVAL_EVALUATE;
+    evalarg.eval_cctx = cctx;
+
+    // Get the funcref in "rettv".
+    r = get_lambda_tv(arg, &rettv, TRUE, &evalarg);
+    if (r != OK)
+    {
+	clear_evalarg(&evalarg, NULL);
+	return r;
+    }
+
+    // "rettv" will now be a partial referencing the function.
+    ufunc = rettv.vval.v_partial->pt_func;
+    ++ufunc->uf_refcount;
+    clear_tv(&rettv);
+
+    // Compile it here to get the return type.  The return type is optional,
+    // when it's missing use t_unknown.  This is recognized in
+    // compile_return().
+    if (ufunc->uf_ret_type->tt_type == VAR_VOID)
+	ufunc->uf_ret_type = &t_unknown;
+    compile_def_function(ufunc, FALSE, cctx->ctx_compile_type, cctx);
+
+    // When the outer function is compiled for profiling or debugging, the
+    // lambda may be called without profiling or debugging.  Compile it here in
+    // the right context.
+    if (cctx->ctx_compile_type == CT_DEBUG
+#ifdef FEAT_PROFILE
+	    || cctx->ctx_compile_type == CT_PROFILE
+#endif
+       )
+	compile_def_function(ufunc, FALSE, CT_NONE, cctx);
+
+    // The last entry in evalarg.eval_tofree_ga is a copy of the last line and
+    // "*arg" may point into it.  Point into the original line to avoid a
+    // dangling pointer.
+    if (evalarg.eval_using_cmdline)
+    {
+	garray_T    *gap = &evalarg.eval_tofree_ga;
+	size_t	    off = *arg - ((char_u **)gap->ga_data)[gap->ga_len - 1];
+
+	*arg = ((char_u **)cctx->ctx_ufunc->uf_lines.ga_data)[cctx->ctx_lnum]
+									 + off;
+    }
+
+    clear_evalarg(&evalarg, NULL);
+
+    if (ufunc->uf_def_status == UF_COMPILED)
+    {
+	// The return type will now be known.
+	set_function_type(ufunc);
+
+	// The function reference count will be 1.  When the ISN_FUNCREF
+	// instruction is deleted the reference count is decremented and the
+	// function is freed.
+	return generate_FUNCREF(cctx, ufunc);
+    }
+
+    func_ptr_unref(ufunc);
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get a lambda and compile it.  Uses Vim9 syntax.
+ */
+    int
+get_lambda_tv_and_compile(
+	char_u	    **arg,
+	typval_T    *rettv,
+	int	    types_optional,
+	evalarg_T   *evalarg)
+{
+    int		r;
+    ufunc_T	*ufunc;
+    int		save_sc_version = current_sctx.sc_version;
+
+    // Get the funcref in "rettv".
+    current_sctx.sc_version = SCRIPT_VERSION_VIM9;
+    r = get_lambda_tv(arg, rettv, types_optional, evalarg);
+    current_sctx.sc_version = save_sc_version;
+    if (r != OK)
+	return r;
+
+    // "rettv" will now be a partial referencing the function.
+    ufunc = rettv->vval.v_partial->pt_func;
+
+    // Compile it here to get the return type.  The return type is optional,
+    // when it's missing use t_unknown.  This is recognized in
+    // compile_return().
+    if (ufunc->uf_ret_type == NULL || ufunc->uf_ret_type->tt_type == VAR_VOID)
+	ufunc->uf_ret_type = &t_unknown;
+    compile_def_function(ufunc, FALSE, CT_NONE, NULL);
+
+    if (ufunc->uf_def_status == UF_COMPILED)
+    {
+	// The return type will now be known.
+	set_function_type(ufunc);
+	return OK;
+    }
+    clear_tv(rettv);
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * parse a dict: {key: val, [key]: val}
+ * "*arg" points to the '{'.
+ * ppconst->pp_is_const is set if all item values are a constant.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_dict(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
+    int		count = 0;
+    dict_T	*d = dict_alloc();
+    dictitem_T	*item;
+    char_u	*whitep = *arg + 1;
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		is_const;
+    int		is_all_const = TRUE;	// reset when non-const encountered
+
+    if (d == NULL)
+	return FAIL;
+    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	char_u	    *key = NULL;
+
+	if (may_get_next_line(whitep, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    *arg = NULL;
+	    goto failret;
+	}
+
+	if (**arg == '}')
+	    break;
+
+	if (**arg == '[')
+	{
+	    isn_T	*isn;
+
+	    // {[expr]: value} uses an evaluated key.
+	    *arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
+	    if (compile_expr0(arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + instr->ga_len - 1;
+	    if (isn->isn_type == ISN_PUSHNR)
+	    {
+		char buf[NUMBUFLEN];
+
+		// Convert to string at compile time.
+		vim_snprintf(buf, NUMBUFLEN, "%lld", isn->isn_arg.number);
+		isn->isn_type = ISN_PUSHS;
+		isn->isn_arg.string = vim_strsave((char_u *)buf);
+	    }
+	    if (isn->isn_type == ISN_PUSHS)
+		key = isn->isn_arg.string;
+	    else if (may_generate_2STRING(-1, FALSE, cctx) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
+	    if (**arg != ']')
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_missing_matching_bracket_after_dict_key));
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    ++*arg;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    // {"name": value},
+	    // {'name': value},
+	    // {name: value} use "name" as a literal key
+	    key = get_literal_key(arg);
+	    if (key == NULL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    if (generate_PUSHS(cctx, &key) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	// Check for duplicate keys, if using string keys.
+	if (key != NULL)
+	{
+	    item = dict_find(d, key, -1);
+	    if (item != NULL)
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_duplicate_key), key);
+		goto failret;
+	    }
+	    item = dictitem_alloc(key);
+	    if (item != NULL)
+	    {
+		item->di_tv.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
+		item->di_tv.v_lock = 0;
+		if (dict_add(d, item) == FAIL)
+		    dictitem_free(item);
+	    }
+	}
+
+	if (**arg != ':')
+	{
+	    if (*skipwhite(*arg) == ':')
+		semsg(_(e_no_white_space_allowed_before_str_str), ":", *arg);
+	    else
+		semsg(_(e_missing_dict_colon), *arg);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	whitep = *arg + 1;
+	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(*whitep))
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_white_space_required_after_str_str), ":", *arg);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	if (may_get_next_line(whitep, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    *arg = NULL;
+	    goto failret;
+	}
+
+	if (compile_expr0_ext(arg, cctx, &is_const) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (!is_const)
+	    is_all_const = FALSE;
+	++count;
+
+	whitep = *arg;
+	if (may_get_next_line(whitep, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    *arg = NULL;
+	    goto failret;
+	}
+	if (**arg == '}')
+	    break;
+	if (**arg != ',')
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_missing_dict_comma), *arg);
+	    goto failret;
+	}
+	if (IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(*whitep))
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_no_white_space_allowed_before_str_str), ",", whitep);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	whitep = *arg + 1;
+	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(*whitep))
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_white_space_required_after_str_str), ",", *arg);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	*arg = skipwhite(whitep);
+    }
+
+    *arg = *arg + 1;
+
+    // Allow for following comment, after at least one space.
+    p = skipwhite(*arg);
+    if (VIM_ISWHITE(**arg) && vim9_comment_start(p))
+	*arg += STRLEN(*arg);
+
+    dict_unref(d);
+    ppconst->pp_is_const = is_all_const;
+    return generate_NEWDICT(cctx, count);
+
+failret:
+    if (*arg == NULL)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_missing_dict_end), _("[end of lines]"));
+	*arg = (char_u *)"";
+    }
+    dict_unref(d);
+    return FAIL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile "&option".
+ */
+    static int
+compile_get_option(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    typval_T	rettv;
+    char_u	*start = *arg;
+    int		ret;
+
+    // parse the option and get the current value to get the type.
+    rettv.v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
+    ret = eval_option(arg, &rettv, TRUE);
+    if (ret == OK)
+    {
+	// include the '&' in the name, eval_option() expects it.
+	char_u	*name = vim_strnsave(start, *arg - start);
+	type_T	*type = rettv.v_type == VAR_BOOL ? &t_bool
+			  : rettv.v_type == VAR_NUMBER ? &t_number : &t_string;
+
+	ret = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADOPT, 0, name, type);
+	vim_free(name);
+    }
+    clear_tv(&rettv);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile "$VAR".
+ */
+    static int
+compile_get_env(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    char_u	*start = *arg;
+    int		len;
+    int		ret;
+    char_u	*name;
+
+    ++*arg;
+    len = get_env_len(arg);
+    if (len == 0)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_syntax_error_at_str), start - 1);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    // include the '$' in the name, eval_env_var() expects it.
+    name = vim_strnsave(start, len + 1);
+    ret = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADENV, 0, name, &t_string);
+    vim_free(name);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile "@r".
+ */
+    static int
+compile_get_register(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    int		ret;
+
+    ++*arg;
+    if (**arg == NUL)
+    {
+	semsg(_(e_syntax_error_at_str), *arg - 1);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    if (!valid_yank_reg(**arg, FALSE))
+    {
+	emsg_invreg(**arg);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    ret = generate_LOAD(cctx, ISN_LOADREG, **arg, NULL, &t_string);
+    ++*arg;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Apply leading '!', '-' and '+' to constant "rettv".
+ * When "numeric_only" is TRUE do not apply '!'.
+ */
+    static int
+apply_leader(typval_T *rettv, int numeric_only, char_u *start, char_u **end)
+{
+    char_u *p = *end;
+
+    // this works from end to start
+    while (p > start)
+    {
+	--p;
+	if (*p == '-' || *p == '+')
+	{
+	    // only '-' has an effect, for '+' we only check the type
+#ifdef FEAT_FLOAT
+	    if (rettv->v_type == VAR_FLOAT)
+	    {
+		if (*p == '-')
+		    rettv->vval.v_float = -rettv->vval.v_float;
+	    }
+	    else
+#endif
+	    {
+		varnumber_T	val;
+		int		error = FALSE;
+
+		// tv_get_number_chk() accepts a string, but we don't want that
+		// here
+		if (check_not_string(rettv) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+		val = tv_get_number_chk(rettv, &error);
+		clear_tv(rettv);
+		if (error)
+		    return FAIL;
+		if (*p == '-')
+		    val = -val;
+		rettv->v_type = VAR_NUMBER;
+		rettv->vval.v_number = val;
+	    }
+	}
+	else if (numeric_only)
+	{
+	    ++p;
+	    break;
+	}
+	else if (*p == '!')
+	{
+	    int v = tv2bool(rettv);
+
+	    // '!' is permissive in the type.
+	    clear_tv(rettv);
+	    rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
+	    rettv->vval.v_number = v ? VVAL_FALSE : VVAL_TRUE;
+	}
+    }
+    *end = p;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Recognize v: variables that are constants and set "rettv".
+ */
+    static void
+get_vim_constant(char_u **arg, typval_T *rettv)
+{
+    if (STRNCMP(*arg, "v:true", 6) == 0)
+    {
+	rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
+	rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_TRUE;
+	*arg += 6;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(*arg, "v:false", 7) == 0)
+    {
+	rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
+	rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_FALSE;
+	*arg += 7;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(*arg, "v:null", 6) == 0)
+    {
+	rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
+	rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_NULL;
+	*arg += 6;
+    }
+    else if (STRNCMP(*arg, "v:none", 6) == 0)
+    {
+	rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
+	rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_NONE;
+	*arg += 6;
+    }
+}
+
+    exprtype_T
+get_compare_type(char_u *p, int *len, int *type_is)
+{
+    exprtype_T	type = EXPR_UNKNOWN;
+    int		i;
+
+    switch (p[0])
+    {
+	case '=':   if (p[1] == '=')
+			type = EXPR_EQUAL;
+		    else if (p[1] == '~')
+			type = EXPR_MATCH;
+		    break;
+	case '!':   if (p[1] == '=')
+			type = EXPR_NEQUAL;
+		    else if (p[1] == '~')
+			type = EXPR_NOMATCH;
+		    break;
+	case '>':   if (p[1] != '=')
+		    {
+			type = EXPR_GREATER;
+			*len = 1;
+		    }
+		    else
+			type = EXPR_GEQUAL;
+		    break;
+	case '<':   if (p[1] != '=')
+		    {
+			type = EXPR_SMALLER;
+			*len = 1;
+		    }
+		    else
+			type = EXPR_SEQUAL;
+		    break;
+	case 'i':   if (p[1] == 's')
+		    {
+			// "is" and "isnot"; but not a prefix of a name
+			if (p[2] == 'n' && p[3] == 'o' && p[4] == 't')
+			    *len = 5;
+			i = p[*len];
+			if (!isalnum(i) && i != '_')
+			{
+			    type = *len == 2 ? EXPR_IS : EXPR_ISNOT;
+			    *type_is = TRUE;
+			}
+		    }
+		    break;
+    }
+    return type;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Skip over an expression, ignoring most errors.
+ */
+    void
+skip_expr_cctx(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    evalarg_T	evalarg;
+
+    init_evalarg(&evalarg);
+    evalarg.eval_cctx = cctx;
+    skip_expr(arg, &evalarg);
+    clear_evalarg(&evalarg, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that the top of the type stack has a type that can be used as a
+ * condition.  Give an error and return FAIL if not.
+ */
+    int
+bool_on_stack(cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+    type_T	*type;
+
+    type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
+    if (type == &t_bool)
+	return OK;
+
+    if (type == &t_any || type == &t_number || type == &t_number_bool)
+	// Number 0 and 1 are OK to use as a bool.  "any" could also be a bool.
+	// This requires a runtime type check.
+	return generate_COND2BOOL(cctx);
+
+    return need_type(type, &t_bool, -1, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Give the "white on both sides" error, taking the operator from "p[len]".
+ */
+    void
+error_white_both(char_u *op, int len)
+{
+    char_u	buf[10];
+
+    vim_strncpy(buf, op, len);
+    semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str), buf, op);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile code to apply '-', '+' and '!'.
+ * When "numeric_only" is TRUE do not apply '!'.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_leader(cctx_T *cctx, int numeric_only, char_u *start, char_u **end)
+{
+    char_u	*p = *end;
+
+    // this works from end to start
+    while (p > start)
+    {
+	--p;
+	while (VIM_ISWHITE(*p))
+	    --p;
+	if (*p == '-' || *p == '+')
+	{
+	    int		negate = *p == '-';
+	    isn_T	*isn;
+	    garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+	    type_T	*type;
+
+	    type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
+	    if (type != &t_float && need_type(type, &t_number,
+					    -1, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+
+	    while (p > start && (p[-1] == '-' || p[-1] == '+'))
+	    {
+		--p;
+		if (*p == '-')
+		    negate = !negate;
+	    }
+	    // only '-' has an effect, for '+' we only check the type
+	    if (negate)
+	    {
+		isn = generate_instr(cctx, ISN_NEGATENR);
+		if (isn == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	}
+	else if (numeric_only)
+	{
+	    ++p;
+	    break;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    int  invert = *p == '!';
+
+	    while (p > start && (p[-1] == '!' || VIM_ISWHITE(p[-1])))
+	    {
+		if (p[-1] == '!')
+		    invert = !invert;
+		--p;
+	    }
+	    if (generate_2BOOL(cctx, invert, -1) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+    *end = p;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile "(expression)": recursive!
+ * Return FAIL/OK.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_parenthesis(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    int	    ret;
+    char_u  *p = *arg + 1;
+
+    if (may_get_next_line_error(p, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    if (ppconst->pp_used <= PPSIZE - 10)
+    {
+	ret = compile_expr1(arg, cctx, ppconst);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+	// Not enough space in ppconst, flush constants.
+	if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	ret = compile_expr0(arg, cctx);
+    }
+    if (may_get_next_line_error(*arg, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    if (**arg == ')')
+	++*arg;
+    else if (ret == OK)
+    {
+	emsg(_(e_missing_closing_paren));
+	ret = FAIL;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile whatever comes after "name" or "name()".
+ * Advances "*arg" only when something was recognized.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_subscript(
+	char_u **arg,
+	cctx_T *cctx,
+	char_u *start_leader,
+	char_u **end_leader,
+	ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    char_u	*name_start = *end_leader;
+    int		keeping_dict = FALSE;
+
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	char_u *p = skipwhite(*arg);
+
+	if (*p == NUL || (VIM_ISWHITE(**arg) && vim9_comment_start(p)))
+	{
+	    char_u *next = peek_next_line_from_context(cctx);
+
+	    // If a following line starts with "->{" or "->X" advance to that
+	    // line, so that a line break before "->" is allowed.
+	    // Also if a following line starts with ".x".
+	    if (next != NULL &&
+		    ((next[0] == '-' && next[1] == '>'
+				 && (next[2] == '{'
+				       || ASCII_ISALPHA(*skipwhite(next + 2))))
+		    || (next[0] == '.' && eval_isdictc(next[1]))))
+	    {
+		next = next_line_from_context(cctx, TRUE);
+		if (next == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+		*arg = next;
+		p = skipwhite(*arg);
+	    }
+	}
+
+	// Do not skip over white space to find the "(", "execute 'x' (expr)"
+	// is not a function call.
+	if (**arg == '(')
+	{
+	    garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+	    type_T	*type;
+	    int		argcount = 0;
+
+	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    ppconst->pp_is_const = FALSE;
+
+	    // funcref(arg)
+	    type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
+
+	    *arg = skipwhite(p + 1);
+	    if (compile_arguments(arg, cctx, &argcount, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    if (generate_PCALL(cctx, argcount, name_start, type, TRUE) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    if (keeping_dict)
+	    {
+		keeping_dict = FALSE;
+		if (generate_instr(cctx, ISN_CLEARDICT) == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	}
+	else if (*p == '-' && p[1] == '>')
+	{
+	    char_u *pstart = p;
+
+	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    ppconst->pp_is_const = FALSE;
+
+	    // something->method()
+	    // Apply the '!', '-' and '+' first:
+	    //   -1.0->func() works like (-1.0)->func()
+	    if (compile_leader(cctx, TRUE, start_leader, end_leader) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+
+	    p += 2;
+	    *arg = skipwhite(p);
+	    // No line break supported right after "->".
+	    if (**arg == '(')
+	    {
+		int	    argcount = 1;
+		garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+		int	    type_idx_start = stack->ga_len;
+		type_T	    *type;
+		int	    expr_isn_start = cctx->ctx_instr.ga_len;
+		int	    expr_isn_end;
+		int	    arg_isn_count;
+
+		// Funcref call:  list->(Refs[2])(arg)
+		// or lambda:	  list->((arg) => expr)(arg)
+		//
+		// Fist compile the function expression.
+		if (compile_parenthesis(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+
+		// Remember the next instruction index, where the instructions
+		// for arguments are being written.
+		expr_isn_end = cctx->ctx_instr.ga_len;
+
+		// Compile the arguments.
+		if (**arg != '(')
+		{
+		    if (*skipwhite(*arg) == '(')
+			emsg(_(e_nowhitespace));
+		    else
+			semsg(_(e_missing_parenthesis_str), *arg);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+		*arg = skipwhite(*arg + 1);
+		if (compile_arguments(arg, cctx, &argcount, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+
+		// Move the instructions for the arguments to before the
+		// instructions of the expression and move the type of the
+		// expression after the argument types.  This is what ISN_PCALL
+		// expects.
+		stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+		arg_isn_count = cctx->ctx_instr.ga_len - expr_isn_end;
+		if (arg_isn_count > 0)
+		{
+		    int	    expr_isn_count = expr_isn_end - expr_isn_start;
+		    isn_T   *isn = ALLOC_MULT(isn_T, expr_isn_count);
+
+		    if (isn == NULL)
+			return FAIL;
+		    mch_memmove(isn, ((isn_T *)cctx->ctx_instr.ga_data)
+							      + expr_isn_start,
+					       sizeof(isn_T) * expr_isn_count);
+		    mch_memmove(((isn_T *)cctx->ctx_instr.ga_data)
+							      + expr_isn_start,
+			     ((isn_T *)cctx->ctx_instr.ga_data) + expr_isn_end,
+						sizeof(isn_T) * arg_isn_count);
+		    mch_memmove(((isn_T *)cctx->ctx_instr.ga_data)
+					      + expr_isn_start + arg_isn_count,
+					  isn, sizeof(isn_T) * expr_isn_count);
+		    vim_free(isn);
+
+		    type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[type_idx_start];
+		    mch_memmove(((type_T **)stack->ga_data) + type_idx_start,
+			      ((type_T **)stack->ga_data) + type_idx_start + 1,
+			      sizeof(type_T *)
+				       * (stack->ga_len - type_idx_start - 1));
+		    ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1] = type;
+		}
+
+		type = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
+		if (generate_PCALL(cctx, argcount, p - 2, type, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		// method call:  list->method()
+		p = *arg;
+		if (!eval_isnamec1(*p))
+		{
+		    semsg(_(e_trailing_arg), pstart);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+		if (ASCII_ISALPHA(*p) && p[1] == ':')
+		    p += 2;
+		for ( ; eval_isnamec(*p); ++p)
+		    ;
+		if (*p != '(')
+		{
+		    semsg(_(e_missing_parenthesis_str), *arg);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+		if (compile_call(arg, p - *arg, cctx, ppconst, 1) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    if (keeping_dict)
+	    {
+		keeping_dict = FALSE;
+		if (generate_instr(cctx, ISN_CLEARDICT) == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	}
+	else if (**arg == '[')
+	{
+	    int		is_slice = FALSE;
+
+	    // list index: list[123]
+	    // dict member: dict[key]
+	    // string index: text[123]
+	    // blob index: blob[123]
+	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    ppconst->pp_is_const = FALSE;
+
+	    ++p;
+	    if (may_get_next_line_error(p, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    if (**arg == ':')
+	    {
+		// missing first index is equal to zero
+		generate_PUSHNR(cctx, 0);
+	    }
+	    else
+	    {
+		if (compile_expr0(arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+		if (**arg == ':')
+		{
+		    semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str),
+								    ":", *arg);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+		if (may_get_next_line_error(*arg, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+		*arg = skipwhite(*arg);
+	    }
+	    if (**arg == ':')
+	    {
+		is_slice = TRUE;
+		++*arg;
+		if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) && **arg != ']')
+		{
+		    semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str),
+								    ":", *arg);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+		if (may_get_next_line_error(*arg, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+		if (**arg == ']')
+		    // missing second index is equal to end of string
+		    generate_PUSHNR(cctx, -1);
+		else
+		{
+		    if (compile_expr0(arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+			return FAIL;
+		    if (may_get_next_line_error(*arg, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+			return FAIL;
+		    *arg = skipwhite(*arg);
+		}
+	    }
+
+	    if (**arg != ']')
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_missing_closing_square_brace));
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    *arg = *arg + 1;
+
+	    if (keeping_dict)
+	    {
+		keeping_dict = FALSE;
+		if (generate_instr(cctx, ISN_CLEARDICT) == NULL)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    if (compile_member(is_slice, &keeping_dict, cctx) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+	else if (*p == '.' && p[1] != '.')
+	{
+	    // dictionary member: dict.name
+	    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    ppconst->pp_is_const = FALSE;
+
+	    *arg = p + 1;
+	    if (IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg))
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_missing_name_after_dot));
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    p = *arg;
+	    if (eval_isdictc(*p))
+		while (eval_isnamec(*p))
+		    MB_PTR_ADV(p);
+	    if (p == *arg)
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_syntax_error_at_str), *arg);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    if (keeping_dict && generate_instr(cctx, ISN_CLEARDICT) == NULL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    if (generate_STRINGMEMBER(cctx, *arg, p - *arg) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    keeping_dict = TRUE;
+	    *arg = p;
+	}
+	else
+	    break;
+    }
+
+    // Turn "dict.Func" into a partial for "Func" bound to "dict".
+    // This needs to be done at runtime to be able to check the type.
+    if (keeping_dict && generate_instr(cctx, ISN_USEDICT) == NULL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compile an expression at "*arg" and add instructions to "cctx->ctx_instr".
+ * "arg" is advanced until after the expression, skipping white space.
+ *
+ * If the value is a constant "ppconst->pp_used" will be non-zero.
+ * Before instructions are generated, any values in "ppconst" will generated.
+ *
+ * This is the compiling equivalent of eval1(), eval2(), etc.
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  number		number constant
+ *  0zFFFFFFFF		Blob constant
+ *  "string"		string constant
+ *  'string'		literal string constant
+ *  &option-name	option value
+ *  @r			register contents
+ *  identifier		variable value
+ *  function()		function call
+ *  $VAR		environment variable
+ *  (expression)	nested expression
+ *  [expr, expr]	List
+ *  {key: val, [key]: val}   Dictionary
+ *
+ *  Also handle:
+ *  ! in front		logical NOT
+ *  - in front		unary minus
+ *  + in front		unary plus (ignored)
+ *  trailing (arg)	funcref/partial call
+ *  trailing []		subscript in String or List
+ *  trailing .name	entry in Dictionary
+ *  trailing ->name()	method call
+ */
+    static int
+compile_expr7(
+	char_u **arg,
+	cctx_T *cctx,
+	ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    char_u	*start_leader, *end_leader;
+    int		ret = OK;
+    typval_T	*rettv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used];
+    int		used_before = ppconst->pp_used;
+
+    ppconst->pp_is_const = FALSE;
+
+    /*
+     * Skip '!', '-' and '+' characters.  They are handled later.
+     */
+    start_leader = *arg;
+    if (eval_leader(arg, TRUE) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    end_leader = *arg;
+
+    rettv->v_type = VAR_UNKNOWN;
+    switch (**arg)
+    {
+	/*
+	 * Number constant.
+	 */
+	case '0':	// also for blob starting with 0z
+	case '1':
+	case '2':
+	case '3':
+	case '4':
+	case '5':
+	case '6':
+	case '7':
+	case '8':
+	case '9':
+	case '.':   if (eval_number(arg, rettv, TRUE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+			return FAIL;
+		    // Apply "-" and "+" just before the number now, right to
+		    // left.  Matters especially when "->" follows.  Stops at
+		    // '!'.
+		    if (apply_leader(rettv, TRUE,
+					    start_leader, &end_leader) == FAIL)
+		    {
+			clear_tv(rettv);
+			return FAIL;
+		    }
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * String constant: "string".
+	 */
+	case '"':   if (eval_string(arg, rettv, TRUE) == FAIL)
+			return FAIL;
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * Literal string constant: 'str''ing'.
+	 */
+	case '\'':  if (eval_lit_string(arg, rettv, TRUE) == FAIL)
+			return FAIL;
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * Constant Vim variable.
+	 */
+	case 'v':   get_vim_constant(arg, rettv);
+		    ret = NOTDONE;
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * "true" constant
+	 */
+	case 't':   if (STRNCMP(*arg, "true", 4) == 0
+						   && !eval_isnamec((*arg)[4]))
+		    {
+			*arg += 4;
+			rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
+			rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_TRUE;
+		    }
+		    else
+			ret = NOTDONE;
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * "false" constant
+	 */
+	case 'f':   if (STRNCMP(*arg, "false", 5) == 0
+						   && !eval_isnamec((*arg)[5]))
+		    {
+			*arg += 5;
+			rettv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
+			rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_FALSE;
+		    }
+		    else
+			ret = NOTDONE;
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * "null" constant
+	 */
+	case 'n':   if (STRNCMP(*arg, "null", 4) == 0
+						   && !eval_isnamec((*arg)[4]))
+		    {
+			*arg += 4;
+			rettv->v_type = VAR_SPECIAL;
+			rettv->vval.v_number = VVAL_NULL;
+		    }
+		    else
+			ret = NOTDONE;
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * List: [expr, expr]
+	 */
+	case '[':   if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+			return FAIL;
+		    ret = compile_list(arg, cctx, ppconst);
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * Dictionary: {'key': val, 'key': val}
+	 */
+	case '{':   if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+			return FAIL;
+		    ret = compile_dict(arg, cctx, ppconst);
+		    break;
+
+	/*
+	 * Option value: &name
+	 */
+	case '&':	if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+			    return FAIL;
+			ret = compile_get_option(arg, cctx);
+			break;
+
+	/*
+	 * Environment variable: $VAR.
+	 */
+	case '$':	if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+			    return FAIL;
+			ret = compile_get_env(arg, cctx);
+			break;
+
+	/*
+	 * Register contents: @r.
+	 */
+	case '@':	if (generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+			    return FAIL;
+			ret = compile_get_register(arg, cctx);
+			break;
+	/*
+	 * nested expression: (expression).
+	 * lambda: (arg, arg) => expr
+	 * funcref: (arg, arg) => { statement }
+	 */
+	case '(':   // if compile_lambda returns NOTDONE then it must be (expr)
+		    ret = compile_lambda(arg, cctx);
+		    if (ret == NOTDONE)
+			ret = compile_parenthesis(arg, cctx, ppconst);
+		    break;
+
+	default:    ret = NOTDONE;
+		    break;
+    }
+    if (ret == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (rettv->v_type != VAR_UNKNOWN && used_before == ppconst->pp_used)
+    {
+	if (cctx->ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+	    clear_tv(rettv);
+	else
+	    // A constant expression can possibly be handled compile time,
+	    // return the value instead of generating code.
+	    ++ppconst->pp_used;
+    }
+    else if (ret == NOTDONE)
+    {
+	char_u	    *p;
+	int	    r;
+
+	if (!eval_isnamec1(**arg))
+	{
+	    if (!vim9_bad_comment(*arg))
+	    {
+		if (ends_excmd(*skipwhite(*arg)))
+		    semsg(_(e_empty_expression_str), *arg);
+		else
+		    semsg(_(e_name_expected_str), *arg);
+	    }
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	// "name" or "name()"
+	p = to_name_end(*arg, TRUE);
+	if (p - *arg == (size_t)1 && **arg == '_')
+	{
+	    emsg(_(e_cannot_use_underscore_here));
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	if (*p == '(')
+	{
+	    r = compile_call(arg, p - *arg, cctx, ppconst, 0);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    if (cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES
+				    && generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    r = compile_load(arg, p, cctx, TRUE, TRUE);
+	}
+	if (r == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    // Handle following "[]", ".member", etc.
+    // Then deal with prefixed '-', '+' and '!', if not done already.
+    if (compile_subscript(arg, cctx, start_leader, &end_leader,
+							     ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    if (ppconst->pp_used > 0)
+    {
+	// apply the '!', '-' and '+' before the constant
+	rettv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 1];
+	if (apply_leader(rettv, FALSE, start_leader, &end_leader) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	return OK;
+    }
+    if (compile_leader(cctx, FALSE, start_leader, &end_leader) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * <type>expr7: runtime type check / conversion
+ */
+    static int
+compile_expr7t(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    type_T *want_type = NULL;
+
+    // Recognize <type>
+    if (**arg == '<' && eval_isnamec1((*arg)[1]))
+    {
+	++*arg;
+	want_type = parse_type(arg, cctx->ctx_type_list, TRUE);
+	if (want_type == NULL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	if (**arg != '>')
+	{
+	    if (*skipwhite(*arg) == '>')
+		semsg(_(e_no_white_space_allowed_before_str_str), ">", *arg);
+	    else
+		emsg(_(e_missing_gt));
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	++*arg;
+	if (may_get_next_line_error(*arg, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+    }
+
+    if (compile_expr7(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    if (want_type != NULL)
+    {
+	garray_T    *stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+	type_T	    *actual;
+	where_T	    where = WHERE_INIT;
+
+	generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+	actual = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len - 1];
+	if (check_type(want_type, actual, FALSE, where) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    if (need_type(actual, want_type, -1, 0, cctx, FALSE, FALSE) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ *	*	number multiplication
+ *	/	number division
+ *	%	number modulo
+ */
+    static int
+compile_expr6(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    char_u	*op;
+    char_u	*next;
+    int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
+
+    // get the first expression
+    if (compile_expr7t(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    /*
+     * Repeat computing, until no "*", "/" or "%" is following.
+     */
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	op = may_peek_next_line(cctx, *arg, &next);
+	if (*op != '*' && *op != '/' && *op != '%')
+	    break;
+	if (next != NULL)
+	{
+	    *arg = next_line_from_context(cctx, TRUE);
+	    op = skipwhite(*arg);
+	}
+
+	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(op[1]))
+	{
+	    error_white_both(op, 1);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	if (may_get_next_line_error(op + 1, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	// get the second expression
+	if (compile_expr7t(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	if (ppconst->pp_used == ppconst_used + 2
+		&& ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used].v_type == VAR_NUMBER
+		&& ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1].v_type == VAR_NUMBER)
+	{
+	    typval_T	    *tv1 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used];
+	    typval_T	    *tv2 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1];
+	    varnumber_T	    res = 0;
+	    int		    failed = FALSE;
+
+	    // both are numbers: compute the result
+	    switch (*op)
+	    {
+		case '*': res = tv1->vval.v_number * tv2->vval.v_number;
+			  break;
+		case '/': res = num_divide(tv1->vval.v_number,
+						  tv2->vval.v_number, &failed);
+			  break;
+		case '%': res = num_modulus(tv1->vval.v_number,
+						  tv2->vval.v_number, &failed);
+			  break;
+	    }
+	    if (failed)
+		return FAIL;
+	    tv1->vval.v_number = res;
+	    --ppconst->pp_used;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+	    generate_two_op(cctx, op);
+	}
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ *      +	number addition or list/blobl concatenation
+ *      -	number subtraction
+ *      ..	string concatenation
+ */
+    static int
+compile_expr5(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    char_u	*op;
+    char_u	*next;
+    int		oplen;
+    int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
+
+    // get the first variable
+    if (compile_expr6(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    /*
+     * Repeat computing, until no "+", "-" or ".." is following.
+     */
+    for (;;)
+    {
+	op = may_peek_next_line(cctx, *arg, &next);
+	if (*op != '+' && *op != '-' && !(*op == '.' && *(op + 1) == '.'))
+	    break;
+	if (op[0] == op[1] && *op != '.' && next)
+	    // Finding "++" or "--" on the next line is a separate command.
+	    // But ".." is concatenation.
+	    break;
+	oplen = (*op == '.' ? 2 : 1);
+	if (next != NULL)
+	{
+	    *arg = next_line_from_context(cctx, TRUE);
+	    op = skipwhite(*arg);
+	}
+
+	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(op[oplen]))
+	{
+	    error_white_both(op, oplen);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	if (may_get_next_line_error(op + oplen, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	// get the second expression
+	if (compile_expr6(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	if (ppconst->pp_used == ppconst_used + 2
+		&& (*op == '.'
+		    ? (ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used].v_type == VAR_STRING
+		    && ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1].v_type == VAR_STRING)
+		    : (ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used].v_type == VAR_NUMBER
+		    && ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1].v_type == VAR_NUMBER)))
+	{
+	    typval_T *tv1 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used];
+	    typval_T *tv2 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used + 1];
+
+	    // concat/subtract/add constant numbers
+	    if (*op == '+')
+		tv1->vval.v_number = tv1->vval.v_number + tv2->vval.v_number;
+	    else if (*op == '-')
+		tv1->vval.v_number = tv1->vval.v_number - tv2->vval.v_number;
+	    else
+	    {
+		// concatenate constant strings
+		char_u *s1 = tv1->vval.v_string;
+		char_u *s2 = tv2->vval.v_string;
+		size_t len1 = STRLEN(s1);
+
+		tv1->vval.v_string = alloc((int)(len1 + STRLEN(s2) + 1));
+		if (tv1->vval.v_string == NULL)
+		{
+		    clear_ppconst(ppconst);
+		    return FAIL;
+		}
+		mch_memmove(tv1->vval.v_string, s1, len1);
+		STRCPY(tv1->vval.v_string + len1, s2);
+		vim_free(s1);
+		vim_free(s2);
+	    }
+	    --ppconst->pp_used;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+	    ppconst->pp_is_const = FALSE;
+	    if (*op == '.')
+	    {
+		if (may_generate_2STRING(-2, FALSE, cctx) == FAIL
+			|| may_generate_2STRING(-1, FALSE, cctx) == FAIL)
+		    return FAIL;
+		generate_instr_drop(cctx, ISN_CONCAT, 1);
+	    }
+	    else
+		generate_two_op(cctx, op);
+	}
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * expr5a == expr5b
+ * expr5a =~ expr5b
+ * expr5a != expr5b
+ * expr5a !~ expr5b
+ * expr5a > expr5b
+ * expr5a >= expr5b
+ * expr5a < expr5b
+ * expr5a <= expr5b
+ * expr5a is expr5b
+ * expr5a isnot expr5b
+ *
+ * Produces instructions:
+ *	EVAL expr5a		Push result of "expr5a"
+ *	EVAL expr5b		Push result of "expr5b"
+ *	COMPARE			one of the compare instructions
+ */
+    static int
+compile_expr4(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    exprtype_T	type = EXPR_UNKNOWN;
+    char_u	*p;
+    char_u	*next;
+    int		len = 2;
+    int		type_is = FALSE;
+    int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
+
+    // get the first variable
+    if (compile_expr5(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    p = may_peek_next_line(cctx, *arg, &next);
+    type = get_compare_type(p, &len, &type_is);
+
+    /*
+     * If there is a comparative operator, use it.
+     */
+    if (type != EXPR_UNKNOWN)
+    {
+	int ic = FALSE;  // Default: do not ignore case
+
+	if (next != NULL)
+	{
+	    *arg = next_line_from_context(cctx, TRUE);
+	    p = skipwhite(*arg);
+	}
+	if (type_is && (p[len] == '?' || p[len] == '#'))
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_invalid_expression_str), *arg);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+	// extra question mark appended: ignore case
+	if (p[len] == '?')
+	{
+	    ic = TRUE;
+	    ++len;
+	}
+	// extra '#' appended: match case (ignored)
+	else if (p[len] == '#')
+	    ++len;
+	// nothing appended: match case
+
+	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[len]))
+	{
+	    error_white_both(p, len);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	// get the second variable
+	if (may_get_next_line_error(p + len, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	if (compile_expr5(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	if (ppconst->pp_used == ppconst_used + 2)
+	{
+	    typval_T *	tv1 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 2];
+	    typval_T	*tv2 = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 1];
+	    int		ret;
+
+	    // Both sides are a constant, compute the result now.
+	    // First check for a valid combination of types, this is more
+	    // strict than typval_compare().
+	    if (check_compare_types(type, tv1, tv2) == FAIL)
+		ret = FAIL;
+	    else
+	    {
+		ret = typval_compare(tv1, tv2, type, ic);
+		tv1->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
+		tv1->vval.v_number = tv1->vval.v_number
+						      ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
+		clear_tv(tv2);
+		--ppconst->pp_used;
+	    }
+	    return ret;
+	}
+
+	generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+	return generate_COMPARE(cctx, type, ic);
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+static int compile_expr3(char_u **arg,  cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst);
+
+/*
+ * Compile || or &&.
+ */
+    static int
+compile_and_or(
+	char_u **arg,
+	cctx_T	*cctx,
+	char	*op,
+	ppconst_T *ppconst,
+	int	ppconst_used UNUSED)
+{
+    char_u	*next;
+    char_u	*p = may_peek_next_line(cctx, *arg, &next);
+    int		opchar = *op;
+
+    if (p[0] == opchar && p[1] == opchar)
+    {
+	garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
+	garray_T	end_ga;
+	int		save_skip = cctx->ctx_skip;
+
+	/*
+	 * Repeat until there is no following "||" or "&&"
+	 */
+	ga_init2(&end_ga, sizeof(int), 10);
+	while (p[0] == opchar && p[1] == opchar)
+	{
+	    long	start_lnum = SOURCING_LNUM;
+	    long	save_sourcing_lnum;
+	    int		start_ctx_lnum = cctx->ctx_lnum;
+	    int		save_lnum;
+	    int		const_used;
+	    int		status;
+	    jumpwhen_T	jump_when = opchar == '|'
+				      ? JUMP_IF_COND_TRUE : JUMP_IF_COND_FALSE;
+
+	    if (next != NULL)
+	    {
+		*arg = next_line_from_context(cctx, TRUE);
+		p = skipwhite(*arg);
+	    }
+
+	    if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[2]))
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str),
+									op, p);
+		ga_clear(&end_ga);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    save_sourcing_lnum = SOURCING_LNUM;
+	    SOURCING_LNUM = start_lnum;
+	    save_lnum = cctx->ctx_lnum;
+	    cctx->ctx_lnum = start_ctx_lnum;
+
+	    status = check_ppconst_bool(ppconst);
+	    if (status != FAIL)
+	    {
+		// Use the last ppconst if possible.
+		if (ppconst->pp_used > 0)
+		{
+		    typval_T	*tv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 1];
+		    int		is_true = tv2bool(tv);
+
+		    if ((is_true && opchar == '|')
+						|| (!is_true && opchar == '&'))
+		    {
+			// For "false && expr" and "true || expr" the "expr"
+			// does not need to be evaluated.
+			cctx->ctx_skip = SKIP_YES;
+			clear_tv(tv);
+			tv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
+			tv->vval.v_number = is_true ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
+		    }
+		    else
+		    {
+			// For "true && expr" and "false || expr" only "expr"
+			// needs to be evaluated.
+			--ppconst->pp_used;
+			jump_when = JUMP_NEVER;
+		    }
+		}
+		else
+		{
+		    // Every part must evaluate to a bool.
+		    status = bool_on_stack(cctx);
+		}
+	    }
+	    if (status != FAIL)
+		status = ga_grow(&end_ga, 1);
+	    cctx->ctx_lnum = save_lnum;
+	    if (status == FAIL)
+	    {
+		ga_clear(&end_ga);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    if (jump_when != JUMP_NEVER)
+	    {
+		if (cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES)
+		{
+		    *(((int *)end_ga.ga_data) + end_ga.ga_len) = instr->ga_len;
+		    ++end_ga.ga_len;
+		}
+		generate_JUMP(cctx, jump_when, 0);
+	    }
+
+	    // eval the next expression
+	    SOURCING_LNUM = save_sourcing_lnum;
+	    if (may_get_next_line_error(p + 2, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    {
+		ga_clear(&end_ga);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    const_used = ppconst->pp_used;
+	    if ((opchar == '|' ? compile_expr3(arg, cctx, ppconst)
+				  : compile_expr4(arg, cctx, ppconst)) == FAIL)
+	    {
+		ga_clear(&end_ga);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    // "0 || 1" results in true, "1 && 0" results in false.
+	    if (ppconst->pp_used == const_used + 1)
+	    {
+		typval_T	*tv = &ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst->pp_used - 1];
+
+		if (tv->v_type == VAR_NUMBER
+			 && (tv->vval.v_number == 1 || tv->vval.v_number == 0))
+		{
+		    tv->vval.v_number = tv->vval.v_number == 1
+						      ? VVAL_TRUE : VVAL_FALSE;
+		    tv->v_type = VAR_BOOL;
+		}
+	    }
+
+	    p = may_peek_next_line(cctx, *arg, &next);
+	}
+
+	if (check_ppconst_bool(ppconst) == FAIL)
+	{
+	    ga_clear(&end_ga);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	if (cctx->ctx_skip != SKIP_YES && ppconst->pp_used == 0)
+	    // Every part must evaluate to a bool.
+	    if (bool_on_stack(cctx) == FAIL)
+	    {
+		ga_clear(&end_ga);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	if (end_ga.ga_len > 0)
+	{
+	    // Fill in the end label in all jumps.
+	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+	    while (end_ga.ga_len > 0)
+	    {
+		isn_T	*isn;
+
+		--end_ga.ga_len;
+		isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data)
+				  + *(((int *)end_ga.ga_data) + end_ga.ga_len);
+		isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
+	    }
+	}
+	ga_clear(&end_ga);
+
+	cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip;
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * expr4a && expr4a && expr4a	    logical AND
+ *
+ * Produces instructions:
+ *	EVAL expr4a		Push result of "expr4a"
+ *	COND2BOOL		convert to bool if needed
+ *	JUMP_IF_COND_FALSE end
+ *	EVAL expr4b		Push result of "expr4b"
+ *	JUMP_IF_COND_FALSE end
+ *	EVAL expr4c		Push result of "expr4c"
+ * end:
+ */
+    static int
+compile_expr3(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
+
+    // get the first variable
+    if (compile_expr4(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    // || and && work almost the same
+    return compile_and_or(arg, cctx, "&&", ppconst, ppconst_used);
+}
+
+/*
+ * expr3a || expr3b || expr3c	    logical OR
+ *
+ * Produces instructions:
+ *	EVAL expr3a		Push result of "expr3a"
+ *	COND2BOOL		convert to bool if needed
+ *	JUMP_IF_COND_TRUE end
+ *	EVAL expr3b		Push result of "expr3b"
+ *	JUMP_IF_COND_TRUE end
+ *	EVAL expr3c		Push result of "expr3c"
+ * end:
+ */
+    static int
+compile_expr2(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
+
+    // eval the first expression
+    if (compile_expr3(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    // || and && work almost the same
+    return compile_and_or(arg, cctx, "||", ppconst, ppconst_used);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Toplevel expression: expr2 ? expr1a : expr1b
+ * Produces instructions:
+ *	EVAL expr2		Push result of "expr2"
+ *      JUMP_IF_FALSE alt	jump if false
+ *      EVAL expr1a
+ *      JUMP_ALWAYS end
+ * alt:	EVAL expr1b
+ * end:
+ *
+ * Toplevel expression: expr2 ?? expr1
+ * Produces instructions:
+ *	EVAL expr2		    Push result of "expr2"
+ *      JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_TRUE end   jump if true
+ *      EVAL expr1
+ * end:
+ */
+    int
+compile_expr1(char_u **arg, cctx_T *cctx, ppconst_T *ppconst)
+{
+    char_u	*p;
+    int		ppconst_used = ppconst->pp_used;
+    char_u	*next;
+
+    // Ignore all kinds of errors when not producing code.
+    if (cctx->ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+    {
+	skip_expr_cctx(arg, cctx);
+	return OK;
+    }
+
+    // Evaluate the first expression.
+    if (compile_expr2(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+
+    p = may_peek_next_line(cctx, *arg, &next);
+    if (*p == '?')
+    {
+	int		op_falsy = p[1] == '?';
+	garray_T	*instr = &cctx->ctx_instr;
+	garray_T	*stack = &cctx->ctx_type_stack;
+	int		alt_idx = instr->ga_len;
+	int		end_idx = 0;
+	isn_T		*isn;
+	type_T		*type1 = NULL;
+	int		has_const_expr = FALSE;
+	int		const_value = FALSE;
+	int		save_skip = cctx->ctx_skip;
+
+	if (next != NULL)
+	{
+	    *arg = next_line_from_context(cctx, TRUE);
+	    p = skipwhite(*arg);
+	}
+
+	if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[1 + op_falsy]))
+	{
+	    semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str),
+						     op_falsy ? "??" : "?", p);
+	    return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	if (ppconst->pp_used == ppconst_used + 1)
+	{
+	    // the condition is a constant, we know whether the ? or the :
+	    // expression is to be evaluated.
+	    has_const_expr = TRUE;
+	    if (op_falsy)
+		const_value = tv2bool(&ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used]);
+	    else
+	    {
+		int error = FALSE;
+
+		const_value = tv_get_bool_chk(&ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used],
+								       &error);
+		if (error)
+		    return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip == SKIP_YES ||
+		 (op_falsy ? const_value : !const_value) ? SKIP_YES : SKIP_NOT;
+
+	    if (op_falsy && cctx->ctx_skip == SKIP_YES)
+		// "left ?? right" and "left" is truthy: produce "left"
+		generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+	    else
+	    {
+		clear_tv(&ppconst->pp_tv[ppconst_used]);
+		--ppconst->pp_used;
+	    }
+	}
+	else
+	{
+	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+	    if (op_falsy)
+		end_idx = instr->ga_len;
+	    generate_JUMP(cctx, op_falsy
+				   ? JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_TRUE : JUMP_IF_FALSE, 0);
+	    if (op_falsy)
+		type1 = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len];
+	}
+
+	// evaluate the second expression; any type is accepted
+	if (may_get_next_line_error(p + 1 + op_falsy, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+	if (compile_expr1(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+	    return FAIL;
+
+	if (!has_const_expr)
+	{
+	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+
+	    if (!op_falsy)
+	    {
+		// remember the type and drop it
+		--stack->ga_len;
+		type1 = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data)[stack->ga_len];
+
+		end_idx = instr->ga_len;
+		generate_JUMP(cctx, JUMP_ALWAYS, 0);
+
+		// jump here from JUMP_IF_FALSE
+		isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + alt_idx;
+		isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
+	    }
+	}
+
+	if (!op_falsy)
+	{
+	    // Check for the ":".
+	    p = may_peek_next_line(cctx, *arg, &next);
+	    if (*p != ':')
+	    {
+		emsg(_(e_missing_colon_after_questionmark));
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+	    if (next != NULL)
+	    {
+		*arg = next_line_from_context(cctx, TRUE);
+		p = skipwhite(*arg);
+	    }
+
+	    if (!IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(**arg) || !IS_WHITE_OR_NUL(p[1]))
+	    {
+		semsg(_(e_white_space_required_before_and_after_str_at_str),
+								       ":", p);
+		return FAIL;
+	    }
+
+	    // evaluate the third expression
+	    if (has_const_expr)
+		cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip == SKIP_YES || const_value
+							 ? SKIP_YES : SKIP_NOT;
+	    if (may_get_next_line_error(p + 1, arg, cctx) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	    if (compile_expr1(arg, cctx, ppconst) == FAIL)
+		return FAIL;
+	}
+
+	if (!has_const_expr)
+	{
+	    type_T	**typep;
+
+	    generate_ppconst(cctx, ppconst);
+
+	    // If the types differ, the result has a more generic type.
+	    typep = ((type_T **)stack->ga_data) + stack->ga_len - 1;
+	    common_type(type1, *typep, typep, cctx->ctx_type_list);
+
+	    // jump here from JUMP_ALWAYS or JUMP_AND_KEEP_IF_TRUE
+	    isn = ((isn_T *)instr->ga_data) + end_idx;
+	    isn->isn_arg.jump.jump_where = instr->ga_len;
+	}
+
+	cctx->ctx_skip = save_skip;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Toplevel expression.
+ * Sets "is_const" (if not NULL) to indicate the value is a constant.
+ * Returns OK or FAIL.
+ */
+    int
+compile_expr0_ext(char_u **arg,  cctx_T *cctx, int *is_const)
+{
+    ppconst_T	ppconst;
+
+    CLEAR_FIELD(ppconst);
+    if (compile_expr1(arg, cctx, &ppconst) == FAIL)
+    {
+	clear_ppconst(&ppconst);
+	return FAIL;
+    }
+    if (is_const != NULL)
+	*is_const = ppconst.pp_used > 0 || ppconst.pp_is_const;
+    if (generate_ppconst(cctx, &ppconst) == FAIL)
+	return FAIL;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Toplevel expression.
+ */
+    int
+compile_expr0(char_u **arg,  cctx_T *cctx)
+{
+    return compile_expr0_ext(arg, cctx, NULL);
+}
+
+
+#endif // defined(FEAT_EVAL)