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comparison runtime/doc/usr_41.txt @ 856:8cd729851562 v7.0g

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updated for version 7.0g
author vimboss
date Sun, 30 Apr 2006 18:54:39 +0000
parents a209672376fd
children 4bac29d27e2f
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1 *usr_41.txt* For Vim version 7.0f. Last change: 2006 Apr 24 1 *usr_41.txt* For Vim version 7.0g. Last change: 2006 Apr 30
2 2
3 VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar 3 VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar
4 4
5 Write a Vim script 5 Write a Vim script
6 6
207 exists() checks. That's not what you want. 207 exists() checks. That's not what you want.
208 The exclamation mark ! negates a value. When the value was true, it 208 The exclamation mark ! negates a value. When the value was true, it
209 becomes false. When it was false, it becomes true. You can read it as "not". 209 becomes false. When it was false, it becomes true. You can read it as "not".
210 Thus "if !exists()" can be read as "if not exists()". 210 Thus "if !exists()" can be read as "if not exists()".
211 What Vim calls true is anything that is not zero. Zero is false. 211 What Vim calls true is anything that is not zero. Zero is false.
212 Note: 212 Note:
213 Vim automatically converts a string to a number when it is looking for 213 Vim automatically converts a string to a number when it is looking for
214 a number. When using a string that doesn't start with a digit the 214 a number. When using a string that doesn't start with a digit the
215 resulting number is zero. Thus look out for this: > 215 resulting number is zero. Thus look out for this: >
216 :if "true" 216 :if "true"
217 < The "true" will be interpreted as a zero, thus as false! 217 < The "true" will be interpreted as a zero, thus as false!
1074 1074
1075 A List is an ordered sequence of things. The things can be any kind of value, 1075 A List is an ordered sequence of things. The things can be any kind of value,
1076 thus you can make a List of numbers, a List of Lists and even a List of mixed 1076 thus you can make a List of numbers, a List of Lists and even a List of mixed
1077 items. To create a List with three strings: > 1077 items. To create a List with three strings: >
1078 1078
1079 :let alist = ['aap', 'mies', 'noot'] 1079 :let alist = ['aap', 'mies', 'noot']
1080 1080
1081 The List items are enclosed in square brackets and separated by commas. To 1081 The List items are enclosed in square brackets and separated by commas. To
1082 create an empty List: > 1082 create an empty List: >
1083 1083
1084 :let alist = [] 1084 :let alist = []
1085 1085
1086 You can add items to a List with the add() function: > 1086 You can add items to a List with the add() function: >
1087 1087
1088 :let alist = [] 1088 :let alist = []
1089 :call add(alist, 'foo') 1089 :call add(alist, 'foo')
1090 :call add(alist, 'bar') 1090 :call add(alist, 'bar')
1091 :echo alist 1091 :echo alist
1092 < ['foo', 'bar'] ~ 1092 < ['foo', 'bar'] ~
1093 1093
1096 :echo alist + ['foo', 'bar'] 1096 :echo alist + ['foo', 'bar']
1097 < ['foo', 'bar', 'foo', 'bar'] ~ 1097 < ['foo', 'bar', 'foo', 'bar'] ~
1098 1098
1099 Or, if you want to extend a List directly: > 1099 Or, if you want to extend a List directly: >
1100 1100
1101 :let alist = ['one'] 1101 :let alist = ['one']
1102 :call extend(alist, ['two', 'three']) 1102 :call extend(alist, ['two', 'three'])
1103 :echo alist 1103 :echo alist
1104 < ['one', 'two', 'three'] ~ 1104 < ['one', 'two', 'three'] ~
1105 1105
1106 Notice that using add() will have a different effect: > 1106 Notice that using add() will have a different effect: >
1107 1107
1108 :let alist = ['one'] 1108 :let alist = ['one']
1109 :call add(alist, ['two', 'three']) 1109 :call add(alist, ['two', 'three'])
1110 :echo alist 1110 :echo alist
1111 < ['one', ['two', 'three']] ~ 1111 < ['one', ['two', 'three']] ~
1112 1112
1113 The second argument of add() is added as a single item. 1113 The second argument of add() is added as a single item.
1153 6 ~ 1153 6 ~
1154 4 ~ 1154 4 ~
1155 1155
1156 A more useful example, looping over lines in the buffer: > 1156 A more useful example, looping over lines in the buffer: >
1157 1157
1158 :for line in getline(1, 20) 1158 :for line in getline(1, 20)
1159 : if line =~ "Date: " 1159 : if line =~ "Date: "
1160 : echo matchstr(line, 'Date: \zs.*') 1160 : echo matchstr(line, 'Date: \zs.*')
1161 : endif 1161 : endif
1162 :endfor 1162 :endfor
1163 1163
1164 This looks into lines 1 to 20 (inclusive) and echoes any date found in there. 1164 This looks into lines 1 to 20 (inclusive) and echoes any date found in there.
1165 1165
1166 1166
1167 DICTIONARIES 1167 DICTIONARIES
1168 1168
1169 A Dictionary stores key-value pairs. You can quickly lookup a value if you 1169 A Dictionary stores key-value pairs. You can quickly lookup a value if you
1170 know the key. A Dictionary is created with curly braces: > 1170 know the key. A Dictionary is created with curly braces: >
1171 1171
1172 :let uk2nl = {'one': 'een', 'two': 'twee', 'three': 'drie'} 1172 :let uk2nl = {'one': 'een', 'two': 'twee', 'three': 'drie'}
1173 1173
1174 Now you can lookup words by putting the key in square brackets: > 1174 Now you can lookup words by putting the key in square brackets: >
1175 1175
1176 :echo uk2nl['two'] 1176 :echo uk2nl['two']
2272 is sourced at startup. A |FuncUndefined| autocommand is defined. The 2272 is sourced at startup. A |FuncUndefined| autocommand is defined. The
2273 ":finish" command causes the script to terminate early. 2273 ":finish" command causes the script to terminate early.
2274 2274
2275 2. The user types the BNRead command or presses the <F19> key. The 2275 2. The user types the BNRead command or presses the <F19> key. The
2276 BufNetRead() or BufNetWrite() function will be called. 2276 BufNetRead() or BufNetWrite() function will be called.
2277 2277
2278 3. Vim can't find the function and triggers the |FuncUndefined| autocommand 2278 3. Vim can't find the function and triggers the |FuncUndefined| autocommand
2279 event. Since the pattern "BufNet*" matches the invoked function, the 2279 event. Since the pattern "BufNet*" matches the invoked function, the
2280 command "source fname" will be executed. "fname" will be equal to the name 2280 command "source fname" will be executed. "fname" will be equal to the name
2281 of the script, no matter where it is located, because it comes from 2281 of the script, no matter where it is located, because it comes from
2282 expanding "<sfile>" (see |expand()|). 2282 expanding "<sfile>" (see |expand()|).