annotate runtime/tutor/tutor.zh.euc @ 27096:d539c144aeb4 v8.2.4077

patch 8.2.4077: not all Libsensors files are recognized Commit: https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/8d9e470aa91a93da7d6bda62521aef69a79e956d Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> Date: Thu Jan 13 14:49:10 2022 +0000 patch 8.2.4077: not all Libsensors files are recognized Problem: Not all Libsensors files are recognized. Solution: Add "sensors.d/*" pattern. (Doug Kearns)
author Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
date Thu, 13 Jan 2022 16:00:05 +0100
parents e69e7133c9cf
children 179c118424a6
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1 ===============================================================================
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2 = 欢 迎 阅 读 《 V I M 教 程 》 —— 版本 1.7 =
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3 ===============================================================================
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4
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5 Vim 是一个具有很多命令的功能非常强大的编辑器。限于篇幅,在本教程当中
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6 就不详细介绍了。本教程的设计目标是讲述一些必要的基本命令,而掌握好这
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7 些命令,您就能够很容易地将 Vim 当作一个通用编辑器来使用了。
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9 完成本教程的内容大约需要25-30分钟,取决于您训练的时间。
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10
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11 注意:
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12 每一节的命令操作将会更改本文。推荐您复制本文的一个副本,然后在副本上
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13 进行训练(如果您是通过"vimtutor"来启动教程的,那么本文就已经是副本了)。
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14
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15 切记一点:本教程的设计思路是在使用中进行学习的。也就是说,您需要通过
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16 执行命令来学习它们本身的正确用法。如果您只是阅读而不操作,那么您可能
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17 会很快遗忘这些命令的!
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18
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19 好了,现在请确定您的Shift-Lock(大小写锁定键)还没有按下,然后按键盘上
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20 的字母键 j 足够多次来移动光标,直到第一节的内容能够完全充满屏幕。
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22 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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23 第一讲第一节:移动光标
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25
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26 ** 要移动光标,请依照说明分别按下 h、j、k、l 键。 **
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27
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28 ^
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29 k 提示: h 的键位于左边,每次按下就会向左移动。
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30 < h l > l 的键位于右边,每次按下就会向右移动。
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31 j j 键看起来很象一支尖端方向朝下的箭头。
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32 v
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34 1. 请随意在屏幕内移动光标,直至您觉得舒服为止。
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35
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36 2. 按下下行键(j),直到出现光标重复下行。
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37
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38 ---> 现在您应该已经学会如何移动到下一讲吧。
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39
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40 3. 现在请使用下行键,将光标移动到第一讲第二节。
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41
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42 提示:如果您不敢确定您所按下的字母,请按下<ESC>键回到正常(Normal)模式。
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43 然后再次从键盘输入您想要的命令。
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44
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45 提示:光标键应当也能正常工作的。但是使用hjkl键,在习惯之后您就能够更快
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46 地在屏幕内四处移动光标。真的是这样!
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48 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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49 第一讲第二节:VIM的进入和退出
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51
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52 !! 特别提示:敬请阅读本一节的完整内容,然后再执行以下所讲解的命令。
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53
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54 1. 按<ESC>键(这是为了确保您处在正常模式)。
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55
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56 2. 然后输入: :q! <回车>
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57 这种方式的退出编辑器会丢弃您进入编辑器以来所做的改动。
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58
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59 3. 如果您看到了命令行提示符,请输入能够带您回到本教程的命令,那就是:
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60 vimtutor <回车>
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61
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62 4. 如果您自信已经牢牢记住了这些步骤的话,请从步骤1执行到步骤3退出,然
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63 后再次进入编辑器。
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64
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65 提示: :q! <回车> 会丢弃您所做的任何改动。几讲之后您将学会如何保存改动到文件。
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66
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67 5. 将光标下移到第一讲第三节。
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68
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70 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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71 第一讲第三节:文本编辑之删除
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74 ** 在正常(Normal)模式下,可以按下 x 键来删除光标所在位置的字符。**
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75
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76 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的那一行。
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77
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78 2. 为了修正输入错误,请将光标移至准备删除的字符的位置处。
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79
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80 3. 然后按下 x 键将错误字符删除掉。
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81
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82 4. 重复步骤2到步骤4,直到句子修正为止。
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83
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84 ---> The ccow jumpedd ovverr thhe mooon.
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85
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86 5. 好了,该行已经修正了,下面是第一讲第四节。
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87
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88 特别提示:在浏览本教程时,不要强行记忆。记住一点:在使用中学习。
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91
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92 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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93 第一讲第四节:文本编辑之插入
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95
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96 ** 在正常模式下,可以按下 i 键来插入文本。**
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97
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98 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的第一行。
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99
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100 2. 为了使得第一行内容雷同于第二行,请将光标移至文本第一个准备插入字符
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101 的位置。
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102
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103 3. 然后按下 i 键,接着输入必要的文本字符。
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104
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105 4. 每个错误修正完毕后,请按下 <ESC> 键返回正常模式。
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106 重复步骤2至步骤4以便修正句子。
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107
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108 ---> There is text misng this .
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109 ---> There is some text missing from this line.
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110
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111 5. 如果您对文本插入操作已经很满意,请接着阅读下面的第一讲第五节。
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112
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113
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114
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115 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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116 第一讲第五节:文本编辑之添加
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118
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119 ** 按 A 键以添加文本。 **
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120
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121 1. 移动光标到下面第一个标记有 ---> 的一行。
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122 光标放在那一行的哪个字符上并不重要。
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123
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124 2. 按 A 键输入必要的添加内容。
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125
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126 3. 文本添加完毕后,按 <ESC> 键回到正常模式。
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127
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128 4. 移动光标到下面第二个标记有 ---> 的一行。重复步骤2和步骤3以改正这个句子。
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129
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130 ---> There is some text missing from th
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131 There is some text missing from this line.
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132 ---> There is also some text miss
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133 There is also some text missing here.
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134
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135 5. 当您对添加文本操作感到满意时,请继续学习第一讲第六节。
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136
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137 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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138 第一讲第六节:编辑文件
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139
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140 ** 使用 :wq 以保存文件并退出。 **
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141
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142 特别提示:在执行以下步骤之前,请先读完整个小节!
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143
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144 1. 如您在第一讲第二节中所做的那样退出本教程: :q!
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145 或者,如果您可以访问另一个终端,请在那里执行以下操作。
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146
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147 2. 在 shell 的提示符下输入命令: vim tutor <回车>
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148 'vim'是启动 Vim 编辑器的命令,'tutor'是您希望编辑的文件的名字。
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149 请使用一个可以改动的文件。
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150
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151 3. 使用您在前面的教程中学到的命令插入删除文本。
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152
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153 4. 保存改动过的文件并退出 Vim,按这些键: :wq <回车>
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154
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155 5. 如果您在步骤1中已经退出 vimtutor,请重启 vimtutor 移动到下面的小结一节。
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156
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157 6. 阅读完以上步骤,弄懂它们的意义,然后在实践中进行练习。
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158
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159 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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160 第一讲小结
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161
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162
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163 1. 光标在屏幕文本中的移动既可以用箭头键,也可以使用 hjkl 字母键。
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164 h (左移) j (下行) k (上行) l (右移)
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165
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166 2. 欲进入 Vim 编辑器(从命令行提示符),请输入:vim 文件名 <回车>
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167
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168 3. 欲退出 Vim 编辑器,请输入 <ESC> :q! <回车> 放弃所有改动。
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169 或者输入 <ESC> :wq <回车> 保存改动。
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170
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171 4. 在正常模式下删除光标所在位置的字符,请按: x
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172
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173 5. 欲插入或添加文本,请输入:
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174
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175 i 输入欲插入文本 <ESC> 在光标前插入文本
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176 A 输入欲添加文本 <ESC> 在一行后添加文本
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177
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178 特别提示:按下 <ESC> 键会带您回到正常模式或者撤消一个不想输入或部分完整
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179 的命令。
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180
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181 好了,第一讲到此结束。下面接下来继续第二讲的内容。
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182
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183
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184
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185 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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186 第二讲第一节:删除类命令
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187
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188
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189 ** 输入 dw 可以从光标处删除至一个单词的末尾。**
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190
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191 1. 请按下 <ESC> 键确保您处于正常模式。
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192
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193 2. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的那一行。
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194
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195 3. 请将光标移至准备要删除的单词的起始处。
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196
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197 4. 接着输入 dw 删除掉该单词。
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198
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199 特别提示:当您输入时,字母 d 会同时出现在屏幕的最后一行。Vim 在等待您输入
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200 字母 w。如果您看到的是除 d 外的其他字符,那表明您按错了;请按下 <ESC> 键,
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201 然后重新再来。
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202
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203 ---> There are a some words fun that don't belong paper in this sentence.
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204
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205 5. 重复步骤3和步骤4,直至句子修正完毕。接着继续第二讲第二节内容。
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206
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207
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208 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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209 第二讲第二节:更多删除类命令
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210
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211
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212 ** 输入 d$ 从当前光标删除到行末。**
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213
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214 1. 请按下 <ESC> 键确保您处于正常模式。
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215
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216 2. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的那一行。
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217
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218 3. 请将光标移动到该行的尾部(也就是在第一个点号‘.’后面)。
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219
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220 4. 然后输入 d$ 从光标处删至当前行尾部。
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221
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222 ---> Somebody typed the end of this line twice. end of this line twice.
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223
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224
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225 5. 请继续学习第二讲第三节就知道是怎么回事了。
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226
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227
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228
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229
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230
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231 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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232 第二讲第三节:关于命令和对象
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233
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234
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235 许多改变文本的命令都由一个操作符和一个动作构成。
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236 使用删除操作符 d 的删除命令的格式如下:
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237
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238 d motion
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239
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240 其中:
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241 d - 删除操作符。
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242 motion - 操作符的操作对象(在下面列出)。
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243
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244 一个简短的动作列表:
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245 w - 从当前光标当前位置直到下一个单词起始处,不包括它的第一个字符。
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246 e - 从当前光标当前位置直到单词末尾,包括最后一个字符。
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247 $ - 从当前光标当前位置直到当前行末。
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248
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249 因此输入 de 会从当前光标位置删除到单词末尾。
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250
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251 特别提示:
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252 对于勇于探索者,请在正常模式下面仅按代表相应动作的键而不使用操作符,您
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253 将看到光标的移动正如上面的对象列表所代表的一样。
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254
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255 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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256 第二讲第四节:使用计数指定动作
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257
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258
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259 ** 在动作前输入数字会使它重复那么多次。 **
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260
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261 1. 移动光标到下面标记有 ---> 的一行的开始。
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262
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263 2. 输入 2w 使光标向前移动两个单词。
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264
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265 3. 输入 3e 使光标向前移动到第三个单词的末尾。
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266
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267 4. 输入 0 (数字零) 移动光标到行首。
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268
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269 5. 重复步骤2和步骤3,尝试不同的数字。
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270
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271 ---> This is just a line with words you can move around in.
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272
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273 6. 请继续学习第二讲第五节。
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274
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275
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277 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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278 第二讲第五节:使用计数以删除更多
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279
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280
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281 ** 使用操作符时输入数字可以使它重复那么多次。 **
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282
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283 上面已经提到过删除操作符和动作的组合,您可以在组合中动作之前插入一个数字以
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284 删除更多:
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285 d number(数字) motion
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286
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287 1. 移动光标到下面标记有 ---> 的一行中第一个大写字母单词上。
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288
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289 2. 输入 d2w 以删除两个大写字母单词。
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290
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291 3. 重复步骤1和步骤2,使用不同的数字使得用一个命令就能删除全部相邻的大写字母
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292 单词
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293
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294 ---> this ABC DE line FGHI JK LMN OP of words is Q RS TUV cleaned up.
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295
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297
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298
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299
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300 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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301 第二讲第六节:操作整行
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303
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304 ** 输入 dd 可以删除整一个当前行。 **
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305
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306 鉴于整行删除的高频度,Vi 的设计者决定要简化整行删除操作,您仅需要在同一行上
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307 击打两次 d 就可以删除掉光标所在的整行了。
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308
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309 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面的短句段落中的第二行。
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310 2. 输入 dd 删除该行。
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311 3. 然后移动到第四行。
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312 4. 接着输入 2dd 删除两行。
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313
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314 ---> 1) Roses are red,
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315 ---> 2) Mud is fun,
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316 ---> 3) Violets are blue,
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317 ---> 4) I have a car,
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318 ---> 5) Clocks tell time,
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319 ---> 6) Sugar is sweet
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320 ---> 7) And so are you.
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321
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322
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323 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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324 第二讲第七节:撤消类命令
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325
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326
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327 ** 输入 u 来撤消最后执行的命令,输入 U 来撤消对整行的修改。 **
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328
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329 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的那一行,并将其置于第一个错误
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330 处。
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331 2. 输入 x 删除第一个不想保留的字母。
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332 3. 然后输入 u 撤消最后执行的(一次)命令。
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333 4. 这次要使用 x 修正本行的所有错误。
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334 5. 现在输入一个大写的 U ,恢复到该行的原始状态。
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335 6. 接着多次输入 u 以撤消 U 以及更前的命令。
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336 7. 然后多次输入 CTRL-R (先按下 CTRL 键不放开,接着按 R 键),这样就
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337 可以重做被撤消的命令,也就是撤消掉撤消命令。
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338
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339 ---> Fiix the errors oon thhis line and reeplace them witth undo.
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340
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341 8. 这些都是非常有用的命令。下面是第二讲的小结了。
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342
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343
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344
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345
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346 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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347 第二讲小结
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348
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349
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350 1. 欲从当前光标删除至下一个单词,请输入:dw
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351 2. 欲从当前光标删除至当前行末尾,请输入:d$
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352 3. 欲删除整行,请输入:dd
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353
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354 4. 欲重复一个动作,请在它前面加上一个数字:2w
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355 5. 在正常模式下修改命令的格式是:
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356 operator [number] motion
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357 其中:
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358 operator - 操作符,代表要做的事情,比如 d 代表删除
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359 [number] - 可以附加的数字,代表动作重复的次数
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360 motion - 动作,代表在所操作的文本上的移动,例如 w 代表单词(word),
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361 $ 代表行末等等。
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362
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363 6. 欲移动光标到行首,请按数字0键:0
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364
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365 7. 欲撤消以前的操作,请输入:u (小写的u)
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366 欲撤消在一行中所做的改动,请输入:U (大写的U)
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367 欲撤消以前的撤消命令,恢复以前的操作结果,请输入:CTRL-R
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368
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369 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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370 第三讲第一节:置入类命令
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371
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372
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373 ** 输入 p 将最后一次删除的内容置入光标之后。 **
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374
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375 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面第一个标记有 ---> 的一行。
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376
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377 2. 输入 dd 将该行删除,这样会将该行保存到 Vim 的一个寄存器中。
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378
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379 3. 接着将光标移动到 c) 一行,即准备置入的位置的上方。记住:是上方哦。
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380
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381 4. 然后在正常模式下(<ESC>键进入)输入 p 将该行粘贴置入。
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382
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383 5. 重复步骤2至步骤4,将所有的行依序放置到正确的位置上。
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384
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385 ---> d) Can you learn too?
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386 ---> b) Violets are blue,
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387 ---> c) Intelligence is learned,
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388 ---> a) Roses are red,
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389
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390
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391
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392 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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393 第三讲第二节:替换类命令
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394
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395
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396 ** 输入 r 和一个字符替换光标所在位置的字符。**
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397
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398 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的第一行。
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399
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400 2. 请移动光标到第一个出错的位置。
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401
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402 3. 接着输入 r 和要替换成的字符,这样就能将错误替换掉了。
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403
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404 4. 重复步骤2和步骤3,直到第一行已经修改完毕。
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405
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406 ---> Whan this lime was tuoed in, someone presswd some wrojg keys!
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407 ---> When this line was typed in, someone pressed some wrong keys!
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408
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409 5. 然后我们继续学习第三讲第三节。
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410
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411 特别提示:切记您要在使用中学习,而不是在记忆中学习。
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412
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413
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414
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415 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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416 第三讲第三节:更改类命令
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417
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418
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419 ** 要改变文本直到一个单词的末尾,请输入 ce **
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420
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421 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的第一行。
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422
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423 2. 接着把光标放在单词 lubw 的字母 u 的位置那里。
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424
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425 3. 然后输入 cw 以及正确的单词(在本例中是输入 ine )。
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426
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427 4. 最后按 <ESC> 键,然后光标定位到下一个错误第一个准备更改的字母处。
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428
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429 5. 重复步骤3和步骤4,直到第一个句子完全雷同第二个句子。
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430
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431 ---> This lubw has a few wptfd that mrrf changing usf the change operator.
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432 ---> This line has a few words that need changing using the change operator.
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433
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434 提示:请注意 ce 命令不仅仅是删除了一个单词,它也让您进入插入模式了。
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435
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436
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437
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438 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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439 第三讲第四节:使用c更改更多
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440
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441
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442 ** 更改类操作符可以与删除中使用的同样的动作配合使用。 **
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443
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444 1. 更改类操作符的工作方式跟删除类是一致的。操作格式是:
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445
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446 c [number] motion
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447
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448 2. 动作参数(motion)也是一样的,比如 w 代表单词,$代表行末等等。
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449
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450 3. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的第一行。
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451
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452 4. 接着将光标移动到第一个错误处。
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453
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454 5. 然后输入 c$ 使得该行剩下的部分更正得同第二行一样。最后按 <ESC> 键。
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455
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456 ---> The end of this line needs some help to make it like the second.
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457 ---> The end of this line needs to be corrected using the c$ command.
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458
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459
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460
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461 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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462 第三讲小结
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463
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464
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465 1. 要重新置入已经删除的文本内容,请按小写字母 p 键。该操作可以将已删除
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466 的文本内容置于光标之后。如果最后一次删除的是一个整行,那么该行将置
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467 于当前光标所在行的下一行。
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468
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469 2. 要替换光标所在位置的字符,请输入小写的 r 和要替换掉原位置字符的新字
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470 符即可。
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471
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472 3. 更改类命令允许您改变从当前光标所在位置直到动作指示的位置中间的文本。
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473 比如输入 ce 可以替换当前光标到单词的末尾的内容;输入 c$ 可以替换当
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474 前光标到行末的内容。
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475
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476 4. 更改类命令的格式是:
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3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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477
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diff changeset
478 c [number] motion
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479
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480 现在我们继续学习下一讲。
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481
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482
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483
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484 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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485 第四讲第一节:定位及文件状态
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486
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487 ** 输入 CTRL-G 显示当前编辑文件中当前光标所在行位置以及文件状态信息。
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488 输入大写 G 则直接跳转到文件中的某一指定行。**
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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489
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490 提示:切记要先通读本节内容,之后才可以执行以下步骤!!!
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491
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492 1. 按下 CTRL 键不放开然后按 g 键。我们称这个键组合为 CTRL-G。
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493 您会看到页面最底部出现一个状态信息行,显示的内容是当前编辑的文件名
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494 和文件中光标位置。请记住行号,它会在步骤3中用到。
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495
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496 提示:您也许会在屏幕的右下角看到光标位置,这会在 'ruler' 选项设置时发生
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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497 (参见 :help 'ruler')
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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498
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499 2. 输入大写 G 可以使得当前光标直接跳转到文件最后一行。
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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500 输入 gg 可以使得当前光标直接跳转到文件第一行。
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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501
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502 3. 输入您曾停留的行号,然后输入大写 G。这样就可以返回到您第一次按下
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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503 CTRL-G 时所在的行了。
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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504
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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505 4. 如果您觉得没问题的话,请执行步骤1至步骤3的操作进行练习。
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506
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diff changeset
507 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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508 第四讲第二节:搜索类命令
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509
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510
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511 ** 输入 / 加上一个字符串可以用以在当前文件中查找该字符串。**
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512
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513 1. 在正常模式下输入 / 字符。您此时会注意到该字符和光标都会出现在屏幕底
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514 部,这跟 : 命令是一样的。
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515
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516 2. 接着输入 errroor <回车>。那个errroor就是您要查找的字符串。
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517
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518 3. 要查找同上一次的字符串,只需要按 n 键。要向相反方向查找同上一次的字
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519 符串,请输入大写 N 即可。
7
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520
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521 4. 如果您想逆向查找字符串,请使用 ? 代替 / 进行。
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522
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523 5. 要回到您之前的位置按 CTRL-O (按住 Ctrl 键不放同时按下字母 o)。重复按可以
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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524 回退更多步。CTRL-I 会跳转到较新的位置。
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525
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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526 ---> "errroor" is not the way to spell error; errroor is an error.
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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527 提示:如果查找已经到达文件末尾,查找会自动从文件头部继续查找,除非
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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diff changeset
528 'wrapscan' 选项被复位。
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3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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529
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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diff changeset
530 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
531 第四讲第三节:配对括号的查找
7
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532
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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533
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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534 ** 输入 % 可以查找配对的括号 )、]、}。**
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535
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536 1. 把光标放在本节下面标记有 --> 那一行中的任何一个 (、[ 或 { 处。
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537
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538 2. 接着按 % 字符。
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539
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540 3. 此时光标的位置应当是在配对的括号处。
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541
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542 4. 再次按 % 就可以跳回配对的第一个括号处。
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vimboss
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diff changeset
543
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
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544 5. 移动光标到另一个 (、)、[、]、{ 或 } 处,按 % 查看其所作所为。
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
545
7
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546 ---> This ( is a test line with ('s, ['s ] and {'s } in it. ))
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547
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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548
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
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549 提示:在程序调试时,这个功能用来查找不配对的括号是很有用的。
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550
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551
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
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diff changeset
552
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
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diff changeset
553 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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554 第四讲第四节:替换命令
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555
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556
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557 ** 输入 :s/old/new/g 可以替换 old 为 new。**
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558
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559 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的那一行。
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560
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561 2. 输入 :s/thee/the <回车> 。请注意该命令只改变光标所在行的第一个匹配
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562 串。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
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563
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
564 3. 输入 :s/thee/the/g 则是替换全行的匹配串,该行中所有的 "thee" 都会被
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
565 改变。
7
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
566
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
567 ---> thee best time to see thee flowers is in thee spring.
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
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568
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
569 4. 要替换两行之间出现的每个匹配串,请
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
570 输入 :#,#s/old/new/g 其中 #,# 代表的是替换操作的若干行中
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
571 首尾两行的行号。
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
572 输入 :%s/old/new/g 则是替换整个文件中的每个匹配串。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
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573 输入 :%s/old/new/gc 会找到整个文件中的每个匹配串,并且对每个匹配串
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
574 提示是否进行替换。
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575
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576 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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577 第四讲小结
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578
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vimboss
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diff changeset
579
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
580 1. CTRL-G 用于显示当前光标所在位置和文件状态信息。
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
581 G 用于将光标跳转至文件最后一行。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
582 先敲入一个行号然后输入大写 G 则是将光标移动至该行号代表的行。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
583 gg 用于将光标跳转至文件第一行。
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584
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
585 2. 输入 / 然后紧随一个字符串是在当前所编辑的文档中正向查找该字符串。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
586 输入 ? 然后紧随一个字符串则是在当前所编辑的文档中反向查找该字符串。
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
587 完成一次查找之后按 n 键是重复上一次的命令,可在同一方向上查
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
588 找下一个匹配字符串所在;或者按大写 N 向相反方向查找下一匹配字符串所在。
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
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589 CTRL-O 带您跳转回较旧的位置,CTRL-I 则带您到较新的位置。
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590
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
591 3. 如果光标当前位置是括号(、)、[、]、{、},按 % 会将光标移动到配对的括号上。
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592
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593 4. 在一行内替换头一个字符串 old 为新的字符串 new,请输入 :s/old/new
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594 在一行内替换所有的字符串 old 为新的字符串 new,请输入 :s/old/new/g
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595 在两行内替换所有的字符串 old 为新的字符串 new,请输入 :#,#s/old/new/g
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vimboss
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596 在文件内替换所有的字符串 old 为新的字符串 new,请输入 :%s/old/new/g
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
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597 进行全文替换时询问用户确认每个替换需添加 c 标志 :%s/old/new/gc
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598
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599 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
600 第五讲第一节:在 VIM 内执行外部命令的方法
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601
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vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
602
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
603 ** 输入 :! 然后紧接着输入一个外部命令可以执行该外部命令。**
7
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vimboss
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diff changeset
604
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
605 1. 按下我们所熟悉的 : 命令使光标移动到屏幕底部。这样您就可以输入一行命令了。
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606
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607 2. 接着输入感叹号 ! 这个字符,这样就允许您执行外部的 shell 命令了。
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608
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609 3. 我们以 ls 命令为例。输入 !ls <回车> 。该命令就会列举出您当前目录的
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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610 内容,就如同您在命令行提示符下输入 ls 命令的结果一样。如果 !ls 没起
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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611 作用,您可以试试 :!dir 看看。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
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diff changeset
612
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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613 提示:所有的外部命令都可以以这种方式执行,包括带命令行参数的那些。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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diff changeset
614
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1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
615 提示:所有的 : 命令都必须以敲 <回车> 键结束。从今以后我们就不会总是提到这一点
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
616 了。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
617
7
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618
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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619
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diff changeset
620
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diff changeset
621
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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622 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
623 第五讲第二节:关于保存文件的更多信息
7
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624
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625
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626 ** 要将对文件的改动保存到文件中,请输入 :w FILENAME 。**
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627
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628 1. 输入 :!dir 或者 :!ls 获知当前目录的内容。您应当已知道最后还得敲
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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diff changeset
629 <回车> 吧。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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630
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
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diff changeset
631 2. 选择一个未被用到的文件名,比如 TEST。
7
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632
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633 3. 接着输入 :w TEST (此处 TEST 是您所选择的文件名。)
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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634
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1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
635 4. 该命令会以 TEST 为文件名保存整个文件 (Vim 教程)。为了验证这一点,
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
636 请再次输入 :!dir 或 :!ls 查看您的目录列表内容。
7
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637
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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diff changeset
638 请注意:如果您退出 Vim 然后在以命令 vim TEST 再次启动 Vim,那么该文件内
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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parents:
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639 容应该同您保存时的文件内容是完全一样的。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
640
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
641 5. 现在您可以删除 TEST 文件了。在 MS-DOS 下,请输入: :!del TEST
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
642 在 Unix 下,请输入: :!rm TEST
7
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643
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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diff changeset
644
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
645 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
646 第五讲第三节:一个具有选择性的保存命令
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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parents:
diff changeset
647
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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parents:
diff changeset
648
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
649 ** 要保存文件的部分内容,请输入 v motion :w FILENAME **
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
650
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
651 1. 移动光标到本行。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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652
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1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
653 2. 接着按 v 键,将光标移动至下面第五个条目上。您会注意到之间的文本被高亮了。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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654
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
655 3. 然后按 : 字符。您将看到屏幕底部会出现 :'<,'> 。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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656
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
657 4. 现在请输入 w TEST,其中 TEST 是一个未被使用的文件名。确认您看到了
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
658 :'<,'>w TEST 之后按 <回车> 键。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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diff changeset
659
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
660 5. 这时 Vim 会把选中的行写入到以 TEST 命名的文件中去。使用 :!dir 或 :!ls
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
661 确认文件被正确保存。这次先别删除它!我们在下一讲中会用到它。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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diff changeset
662
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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diff changeset
663 提示:按 v 键使 Vim 进入可视模式进行选取。您可以四处移动光标使选取区域变大或
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
664 变小。接着您可以使用一个操作符对选中文本进行操作。例如,按 d 键会删除
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
665 选中的文本内容。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
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666
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diff changeset
667
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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diff changeset
668 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
669 第五讲第四节:提取和合并文件
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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670
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671
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672 ** 要向当前文件中插入另外的文件的内容,请输入 :r FILENAME **
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
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diff changeset
673
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
674 1. 请把光标移动到本行上面一行。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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diff changeset
675
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
676 特别提示:执行步骤2之后您将看到第五讲第三节的文字,请届时往下移动
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
677 以再次看到本讲内容。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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parents:
diff changeset
678
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
679 2. 接着通过命令 :r TEST 将前面创建的名为 TEST 的文件提取进来。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
680 您所提取进来的文件将从光标所在位置处开始置入。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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parents:
diff changeset
681
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
682 3. 为了确认文件已经提取成功,移动光标回到原来的位置就可以注意有两份第
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
683 五讲第三节的内容,一份是原始内容,另外一份是来自文件的副本。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
684
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
685 提示:您还可以读取外部命令的输出。例如, :r !ls 可以读取 ls 命令的输出,并
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
686 把它放置在光标下面。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
687
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
688
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
689
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
690
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
691 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
692 第五讲小结
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
693
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
694
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
695 1. :!command 用于执行一个外部命令 command。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
696
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
697 请看一些实际例子:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
698 (MS-DOS) (Unix)
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
699 :!dir :!ls - 用于显示当前目录的内容。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
700 :!del FILENAME :!rm FILENAME - 用于删除名为 FILENAME 的文件。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
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parents:
diff changeset
701
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
702 2. :w FILENAME 可将当前 VIM 中正在编辑的文件保存到名为 FILENAME 的文
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
703 件中。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
704
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
705 3. v motion :w FILENAME 可将当前编辑文件中可视模式下选中的内容保存到文件
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
706 FILENAME 中。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
707
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
708 4. :r FILENAME 可提取磁盘文件 FILENAME 并将其插入到当前文件的光标位置
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
709 后面。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
710
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
711 5. :r !dir 可以读取 dir 命令的输出并将其放置到当前文件的光标位置后面。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
712
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
713
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
714 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
715 第六讲第一节:打开类命令
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
716
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
717
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
718 ** 输入 o 将在光标的下方打开新的一行并进入插入模式。**
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
719
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
720 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的那一行。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
721
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
722 2. 接着输入小写的 o 在光标 *下方* 打开新的一行,这个命令会使您
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
723 进入插入模式。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
724
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
725 3. 然后输入一些文字,之后按 <ESC> 键退出插入模式而进入正常模式。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
726
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
727 ---> After typing o the cursor is placed on the open line in Insert mode.
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
728
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
729 4. 为了在光标 *上方* 打开新的一行,只需要输入大写的 O 而不是小写的 o
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
730 就可以了。请在下行测试一下吧。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
731
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
732 ---> Open up a line above this by typing O while the cursor is on this line.
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
733
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
734
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
735
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
736
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
737 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
738 第六讲第二节:附加类命令
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
739
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
740
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
741 ** 输入 a 将可在光标之后插入文本。 **
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
742
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
743 1. 请在正常模式下将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的第一行的行首。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
744
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
745 2. 接着输入 e 直到光标位于 li 的末尾。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
746
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
747 3. 输入小写的 a 则可在光标之后插入文本了。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
748
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
749 4. 将单词补充完整,就像下一行中的那样。之后按 <ESC> 键退出插入模式回到
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
750 正常模式。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
751
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
752 5. 使用 e 移动光标到下一步不完整的单词,重复步骤3和步骤4。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
753
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
754 ---> This li will allow you to pract appendi text to a line.
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
755 ---> This line will allow you to practice appending text to a line.
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
756
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
757 提示:a、i 和 A 都会带您进入插入模式,惟一的区别在于字符插入的位置。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
758
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
759
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
760 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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diff changeset
761 第六讲第三节:另外一个置换类命令的版本
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
762
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
763
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
764 ** 输入大写的 R 可连续替换多个字符。**
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
765
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
766 1. 请将光标移动到本节中下面标记有 ---> 的第一行。移动光标到第一个 xxx 的
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
767 起始位置。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
768
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
769 2. 然后输入大写的 R 开始把第一行中的不同于第二行的剩余字符逐一输入,就
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
770 可以全部替换掉原有的字符而使得第一行完全雷同第二行了。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
771
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
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diff changeset
772 3. 接着按 <ESC> 键退出替换模式回到正常模式。您可以注意到尚未替换的文本
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
773 仍然保持原状。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
774
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
775 4. 重复以上步骤,将剩余的 xxx 也替换掉。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
776
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
777 ---> Adding 123 to xxx gives you xxx.
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
778 ---> Adding 123 to 456 gives you 579.
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
779
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
780 提示:替换模式与插入模式相似,不过每个输入的字符都会删除一个已有的字符。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
781
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
782 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
783 第六讲第四节:复制粘贴文本
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
784
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
785
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
786 ** 使用操作符 y 复制文本,使用 p 粘贴文本 **
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
787
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
788 1. 定位到下面标记有 ---> 的一行,将光标移动到 "a)" 之后。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
789
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
790 2. 接着使用 v 进入可视模式,移动光标到 "first" 的前面。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
791
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
792 3. 现在输入 y 以抽出(复制)高亮的文本。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
793
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
794 4. 然后移动光标到下一行的末尾:j$
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
795
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
796 5. 接着输入 p 以放置(粘贴)复制了的文本。然后输入:a second <ESC>。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
797
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
798 6. 使用可视模式选中 " item.",用 y 复制,再用 j$ 将光标移动到下一行末尾,
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
799 用 p 将文本粘贴到那里。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
800
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
801 ---> a) this is the first item.
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
802 b)
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
803
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
804 提示:您还可以把 y 当作操作符来使用;例如 yw 可以用来复制一个单词。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
805
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
806 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
807 第六讲第五节:设置类命令的选项
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
808
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
809
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
810 ** 设置可使查找或者替换可忽略大小写的选项 **
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
811
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
812 1. 要查找单词 ignore 可在正常模式下输入 /ignore <回车>。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
813 要重复查找该词,可以重复按 n 键。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
814
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
815 2. 然后设置 ic 选项(Ignore Case,忽略大小写),请输入: :set ic
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
816
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
817 3. 现在可以通过键入 n 键再次查找单词 ignore。注意到 Ignore 和 IGNORE 现在
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
818 也被找到了。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
819
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
820 4. 然后设置 hlsearch 和 incsearch 这两个选项,请输入: :set hls is
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
821
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
822 5. 现在可以再次输入查找命令,看看会有什么效果: /ignore <回车>
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
823
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
824 6. 要禁用忽略大小写,请输入: :set noic
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
825
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
826 提示:要移除匹配项的高亮显示,请输入: :nohlsearch
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
827 提示:如果您想要仅在一次查找时忽略字母大小写,您可以使用 \c:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
828 /ignore\c <回车>
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
829 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
830 第六讲小结
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
831
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
832 1. 输入小写的 o 可以在光标下方打开新的一行并进入插入模式。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
833 输入大写的 O 可以在光标上方打开新的一行。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
834
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
835 2. 输入小写的 a 可以在光标所在位置之后插入文本。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
836 输入大写的 A 可以在光标所在行的行末之后插入文本。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
837
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
838 3. e 命令可以使光标移动到单词末尾。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
839
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
840 4. 操作符 y 复制文本,p 粘贴先前复制的文本。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
841
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
842 5. 输入大写的 R 将进入替换模式,直至按 <ESC> 键回到正常模式。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
843
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
844 6. 输入 :set xxx 可以设置 xxx 选项。一些有用的选项如下:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
845 'ic' 'ignorecase' 查找时忽略字母大小写
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
846 'is' 'incsearch' 查找短语时显示部分匹配
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
847 'hls' 'hlsearch' 高亮显示所有的匹配短语
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
848 选项名可以用完整版本,也可以用缩略版本。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
849
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
850 7. 在选项前加上 no 可以关闭选项: :set noic
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
851
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
852 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
853 第七讲第一节:获取帮助信息
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
854
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
855
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
856 ** 使用在线帮助系统 **
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
857
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
858 Vim 拥有一个细致全面的在线帮助系统。要启动该帮助系统,请选择如下三种方
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
859 法之一:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
860 - 按下 <HELP> 键 (如果键盘上有的话)
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
861 - 按下 <F1> 键 (如果键盘上有的话)
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
862 - 输入 :help <回车>
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Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
863
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
864 请阅读帮助窗口中的文字以了解帮助是如何工作的。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
865 输入 CTRL-W CTRL-W 可以使您在窗口之间跳转。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
866 输入 :q <回车> 可以关闭帮助窗口。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
867
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
868 提供一个正确的参数给":help"命令,您可以找到关于该主题的帮助。请试验以
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
869 下参数(可别忘了按回车键哦):
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
870
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
871 :help w
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
872 :help c_CTRL-D
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
873 :help insert-index
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
874 :help user-manual
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
875 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
876 第七讲第二节:创建启动脚本
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
877
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
878
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
879 ** 启用 Vim 的特性 **
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
880
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
881 Vim 的功能特性要比 Vi 多得多,但其中大部分都没有缺省启用。为了使用更多的
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
882 特性,您得创建一个 vimrc 文件。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
883
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
884 1. 开始编辑 vimrc 文件,具体命令取决于您所使用的操作系统:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
885 :edit ~/.vimrc 这是 Unix 系统所使用的命令
24751
e69e7133c9cf Update runtime files
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents: 6153
diff changeset
886 :edit ~/_vimrc 这是 MS-Windows 系统所使用的命令
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
887
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
888 2. 接着读取 vimrc 示例文件的内容:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
889 :r $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
890
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
891 3. 保存文件,命令为:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
892 :write
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
893
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
894 下次您启动 Vim 时,编辑器就会有了语法高亮的功能。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
895 您可以把您喜欢的各种设置添加到这个 vimrc 文件中。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
896 要了解更多信息请输入 :help vimrc-intro
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
897
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
898 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
899 第七讲第三节:补全功能
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
900
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
901
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
902 ** 使用 CTRL-D 和 <TAB> 可以进行命令行补全 **
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
903
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
904 1. 请确保 Vim 不是在以兼容模式运行: :set nocp
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
905
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
906 2. 查看一下当前目录下已经存在哪些文件,输入: :!ls 或者 :!dir
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
907
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
908 3. 现在输入一个目录的起始部分,例如输入: :e
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
909
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
910 4. 接着按 CTRL-D 键,Vim 会显示以 e 开始的命令的列表。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
911
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
912 5. 然后按 <TAB> 键,Vim 会补全命令为 :edit 。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
913
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
914 6. 现在添加一个空格,以及一个已有文件的文件名的起始部分,例如: :edit FIL
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
915
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
916 7. 接着按 <TAB> 键,Vim 会补全文件名(如果它是惟一匹配的)。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
917
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
918 提示:补全对于许多命令都有效。您只需尝试按 CTRL-D 和 <TAB>。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
919 它对于 :help 命令非常有用。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
920
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
921 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
922 第七讲小结
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
923
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
924
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
925 1. 输入 :help 或者按 <F1> 键或 <Help> 键可以打开帮助窗口。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
926
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
927 2. 输入 :help cmd 可以找到关于 cmd 命令的帮助。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
928
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
929 3. 输入 CTRL-W CTRL-W 可以使您在窗口之间跳转。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
930
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
931 4. 输入 :q 以关闭帮助窗口
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
932
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
933 5. 您可以创建一个 vimrc 启动脚本文件用来保存您偏好的设置。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
934
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
935 6. 当输入 : 命令时,按 CTRL-D 可以查看可能的补全结果。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
936 按 <TAB> 可以使用一个补全。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
937
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
938
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
939
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
940
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
941
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
942
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
943
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
944 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
945
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
946 vim 教程到此就结束了。本教程只是为了简明地介绍一下 Vim 编辑器,但已足以让您
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
947 很容易使用这个编辑器了。毋庸质疑,vim还有很多很多的命令,本教程所介
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
948 绍的距离完整的差得很远。所以您要精通的话,还望继续努力哦。下一步您可以阅读
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
949 Vim 的用户手册,使用的命令是: :help user-manual
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
950
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
951 下面这本书值得推荐用于更进一步的阅读和学习:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
952 Vim - Vi Improved - 作者:Steve Oualline
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
953 出版社:New Riders
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
954 这是第一本完全讲解 Vim 的书籍。它对于初学者特别有用。其中包含有大量实例
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
955 和图示。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
956 欲知详情,请访问 http://iccf-holland.org/click5.html
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
957
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
958 以下这本书比较老了而且内容更多是关于 Vi 而非 Vim,但是也值得推荐:
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
959 Learning the Vi Editor - 作者:Linda Lamb
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
960 出版社:O'Reilly & Associates Inc.
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
961 这是一本不错的书,通过它您几乎能够了解到任何您想要使用 Vi 做的事情。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
962 此书的第六个版本也包含了一些关于 Vim 的信息。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
963
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
964 本教程是由来自 Calorado School of Mines 的 Michael C. Pierce 和
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
965 Robert K. Ware 所编写的,其中很多创意由来自 Colorado State University 的
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
966 Charles Smith 提供。编者的电子邮箱是:bware@mines.colorado.edu
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
967
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
968 本教程已由 Bram Moolenaar 专为 Vim 进行修订。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
969
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
970 译制者附言:
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
971 ===========
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
972 简体中文教程翻译版之译制者为梁昌泰 <beos@turbolinux.com.cn>,还有
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
973 另外一个联系地址:linuxrat@gnuchina.org。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
974
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
975 繁体中文教程是从简体中文教程翻译版使用 Debian GNU/Linux 中文项目小
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
976 组的于广辉先生编写的中文汉字转码器 autoconvert 转换而成的,并对转
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
977 换的结果做了一些细节的改动。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
978
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
979 变更记录:
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
980 =========
3847
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
981 2012年10月01日 赵涛 <alick9188@gmail.com>
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
982 将 vimtutor 中译版从 1.5 升级到 1.7。
1003f9b262d7 Update runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 7
diff changeset
983
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
984 2002年08月30日 梁昌泰 <beos@turbolinux.com.cn>
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
985 感谢 RMS@SMTH 的指正,将多处错误修正。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
986
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
987 2002年04月22日 梁昌泰 <linuxrat@gnuchina.org>
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
988 感谢 xuandong@sh163.net 的指正,将两处错别字修正。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
989
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
990 2002年03月18日 梁昌泰 <linuxrat@gnuchina.org>
6153
1e8ebf870720 Updated runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 3847
diff changeset
991 根据Bram Moolenaar先生在2002年03月16日的来信要求,将vimtutor1.4中译
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
992 版升级到vimtutor1.5。
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
993
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
994 2001年11月15日 梁昌泰 <linuxrat@gnuchina.org>
6153
1e8ebf870720 Updated runtime files.
Bram Moolenaar <bram@vim.org>
parents: 3847
diff changeset
995 将vimtutor1.4中译版提交给Bram Moolenaar和Sven Guckes。
7
3fc0f57ecb91 updated for version 7.0001
vimboss
parents:
diff changeset
996 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~