annotate runtime/doc/textprop.txt @ 24226:f49f80a0905d v8.2.2654

patch 8.2.2654: Vim9: getting a character from a string can be slow Commit: https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/ff871400461183010d3ab98f3f326e4bb75e221b Author: Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> Date: Fri Mar 26 13:34:05 2021 +0100 patch 8.2.2654: Vim9: getting a character from a string can be slow Problem: Vim9: getting a character from a string can be slow. Solution: Avoid a function call to get the character byte size. (https://github.com/vim/vim/issues/8000)
author Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
date Fri, 26 Mar 2021 13:45:02 +0100
parents 5b7ea82bc18f
children 7422f2f719a3
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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1 *textprop.txt* For Vim version 8.2. Last change: 2020 Oct 14
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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7 Displaying text with properties attached. *textprop* *text-properties*
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10 1. Introduction |text-prop-intro|
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11 2. Functions |text-prop-functions|
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12 3. When text changes |text-prop-changes|
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15 {not able to use text properties when the |+textprop| feature was
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16 disabled at compile time}
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17
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18 ==============================================================================
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19 1. Introduction *text-prop-intro*
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20
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21 Text properties can be attached to text in a buffer. They will move with the
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22 text: If lines are deleted or inserted the properties move with the text they
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23 are attached to. Also when inserting/deleting text in the line before the
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24 text property. And when inserting/deleting text inside the text property, it
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25 will increase/decrease in size.
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26
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27 The main use for text properties is to highlight text. This can be seen as a
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28 replacement for syntax highlighting. Instead of defining patterns to match
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29 the text, the highlighting is set by a script, possibly using the output of an
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30 external parser. This only needs to be done once, not every time when
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31 redrawing the screen, thus can be much faster, after the initial cost of
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32 attaching the text properties.
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33
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34 Text properties can also be used for other purposes to identify text. For
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35 example, add a text property on a function name, so that a search can be
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36 defined to jump to the next/previous function.
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37
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38 A text property is attached at a specific line and column, and has a specified
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39 length. The property can span multiple lines.
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40
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41 A text property has these fields:
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42 "id" a number to be used as desired
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43 "type" the name of a property type
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44
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46 Property Types ~
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47 *E971*
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48 A text property normally has the name of a property type, which defines
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49 how to highlight the text. The property type can have these entries:
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50 "highlight" name of the highlight group to use
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51 "combine" when omitted or TRUE the text property highlighting is
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52 combined with any syntax highlighting; when FALSE the
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53 text property highlighting replaces the syntax
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54 highlighting
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55 "priority" when properties overlap, the one with the highest
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56 priority will be used.
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57 "start_incl" when TRUE inserts at the start position will be
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58 included in the text property
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59 "end_incl" when TRUE inserts at the end position will be
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60 included in the text property
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61
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62
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63 Example ~
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64
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65 Suppose line 11 in a buffer has this text (excluding the indent):
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66
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67 The number 123 is smaller than 4567.
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68
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69 To highlight the numbers in this text: >
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70 call prop_type_add('number', {'highlight': 'Constant'})
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71 call prop_add(11, 12, {'length': 3, 'type': 'number'})
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72 call prop_add(11, 32, {'length': 4, 'type': 'number'})
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73
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74 Try inserting or deleting lines above the text, you will see that the text
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75 properties stick to the text, thus the line number is adjusted as needed.
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76
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77 Setting "start_incl" and "end_incl" is useful when white space surrounds the
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78 text, e.g. for a function name. Using false is useful when the text starts
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79 and/or ends with a specific character, such as the quote surrounding a string.
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80
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81 func FuncName(arg) ~
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82 ^^^^^^^^ property with start_incl and end_incl set
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83
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84 var = "text"; ~
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85 ^^^^^^ property with start_incl and end_incl not set
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86
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87 Nevertheless, when text is inserted or deleted the text may need to be parsed
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88 and the text properties updated. But this can be done asynchronously.
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89
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91 Internal error *E967*
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92
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93 If you see E967, please report the bug. You can do this at Github:
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94 https://github.com/vim/vim/issues/new
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95
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96 ==============================================================================
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97 2. Functions *text-prop-functions*
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98
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99 Manipulating text property types:
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100
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101 prop_type_add({name}, {props}) define a new property type
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102 prop_type_change({name}, {props}) change an existing property type
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103 prop_type_delete({name} [, {props}]) delete a property type
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104 prop_type_get({name} [, {props}]) get property type values
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105 prop_type_list([{props}]) get list of property types
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106
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107
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108 Manipulating text properties:
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109
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110 prop_add({lnum}, {col}, {props}) add a text property
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111 prop_clear({lnum} [, {lnum-end} [, {bufnr}]])
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112 remove all text properties
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113 prop_find({props} [, {direction}]) search for a text property
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114 prop_list({lnum} [, {props}]) text properties in {lnum}
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115 prop_remove({props} [, {lnum} [, {lnum-end}]])
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116 remove a text property
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117
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118 *prop_add()* *E965*
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119 prop_add({lnum}, {col}, {props})
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120 Attach a text property at position {lnum}, {col}. {col} is
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121 counted in bytes, use one for the first column.
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122 If {lnum} is invalid an error is given. *E966*
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123 If {col} is invalid an error is given. *E964*
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124
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125 {props} is a dictionary with these fields:
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126 length length of text in bytes, can only be used
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127 for a property that does not continue in
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128 another line; can be zero
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129 end_lnum line number for the end of text
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130 end_col column just after the text; not used when
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131 "length" is present; when {col} and "end_col"
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132 are equal, and "end_lnum" is omitted or equal
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133 to {lnum}, this is a zero-width text property
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134 bufnr buffer to add the property to; when omitted
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135 the current buffer is used
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136 id user defined ID for the property; must be a
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137 number; when omitted zero is used
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138 type name of the text property type
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139 All fields except "type" are optional.
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140
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141 It is an error when both "length" and "end_lnum" or "end_col"
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142 are given. Either use "length" or "end_col" for a property
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143 within one line, or use "end_lnum" and "end_col" for a
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144 property that spans more than one line.
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145 When neither "length" nor "end_col" are given the property
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146 will be zero-width. That means it will move with the text, as
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147 a kind of mark. One character will be highlighted, if the
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148 type specifies highlighting.
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149 The property can end exactly at the last character of the
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150 text, or just after it. In the last case, if text is appended
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151 to the line, the text property size will increase, also when
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152 the property type does not have "end_incl" set.
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153
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154 "type" will first be looked up in the buffer the property is
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155 added to. When not found, the global property types are used.
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156 If not found an error is given.
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157
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158 Can also be used as a |method|: >
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159 GetLnum()->prop_add(col, props)
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160
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161
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162 prop_clear({lnum} [, {lnum-end} [, {props}]]) *prop_clear()*
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163 Remove all text properties from line {lnum}.
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164 When {lnum-end} is given, remove all text properties from line
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165 {lnum} to {lnum-end} (inclusive).
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166
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167 When {props} contains a "bufnr" item use this buffer,
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168 otherwise use the current buffer.
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169
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170 Can also be used as a |method|: >
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171 GetLnum()->prop_clear()
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172 <
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173 *prop_find()*
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174 prop_find({props} [, {direction}])
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175 Search for a text property as specified with {props}:
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176 id property with this ID
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177 type property with this type name
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178 bufnr buffer to search in; when present a
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179 start position with "lnum" and "col"
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180 must be given; when omitted the
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181 current buffer is used
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182 lnum start in this line (when omitted start
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183 at the cursor)
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184 col start at this column (when omitted
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185 and "lnum" is given: use column 1,
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186 otherwise start at the cursor)
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187 skipstart do not look for a match at the start
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188 position
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189
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190 {direction} can be "f" for forward and "b" for backward. When
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191 omitted forward search is performed.
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192
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193 If a match is found then a Dict is returned with the entries
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194 as with prop_list(), and additionally an "lnum" entry.
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195 If no match is found then an empty Dict is returned.
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196
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197
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198 prop_list({lnum} [, {props}]) *prop_list()*
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199 Return a List with all text properties in line {lnum}.
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200
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201 When {props} contains a "bufnr" item, use this buffer instead
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202 of the current buffer.
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203
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204 The properties are ordered by starting column and priority.
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205 Each property is a Dict with these entries:
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206 col starting column
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207 length length in bytes, one more if line break is
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208 included
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209 id property ID
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210 type name of the property type, omitted if
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211 the type was deleted
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212 start when TRUE property starts in this line
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213 end when TRUE property ends in this line
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214
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215 When "start" is zero the property started in a previous line,
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216 the current one is a continuation.
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217 When "end" is zero the property continues in the next line.
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218 The line break after this line is included.
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219
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220 Can also be used as a |method|: >
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221 GetLnum()->prop_list()
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222 <
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223 *prop_remove()* *E968* *E860*
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224 prop_remove({props} [, {lnum} [, {lnum-end}]])
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225 Remove a matching text property from line {lnum}. When
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226 {lnum-end} is given, remove matching text properties from line
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227 {lnum} to {lnum-end} (inclusive).
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228 When {lnum} is omitted remove matching text properties from
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229 all lines.
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230
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231 {props} is a dictionary with these fields:
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232 id remove text properties with this ID
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233 type remove text properties with this type name
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234 both "id" and "type" must both match
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235 bufnr use this buffer instead of the current one
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236 all when TRUE remove all matching text properties,
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237 not just the first one
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238 A property matches when either "id" or "type" matches.
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239 If buffer "bufnr" does not exist you get an error message.
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240 If buffer "bufnr" is not loaded then nothing happens.
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241
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242 Returns the number of properties that were removed.
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243
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244 Can also be used as a |method|: >
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245 GetProps()->prop_remove()
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246
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247
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248 prop_type_add({name}, {props}) *prop_type_add()* *E969* *E970*
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249 Add a text property type {name}. If a property type with this
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250 name already exists an error is given. Nothing is returned.
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251 {props} is a dictionary with these optional fields:
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252 bufnr define the property only for this buffer; this
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253 avoids name collisions and automatically
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254 clears the property types when the buffer is
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255 deleted.
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256 highlight name of highlight group to use
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257 priority when a character has multiple text
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258 properties the one with the highest priority
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259 will be used; negative values can be used, the
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260 default priority is zero
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261 combine when TRUE combine the highlight with any
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262 syntax highlight; when omitted or FALSE syntax
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263 highlight will not be used
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264 start_incl when TRUE inserts at the start position will
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265 be included in the text property
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266 end_incl when TRUE inserts at the end position will be
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267 included in the text property
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268
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269 Can also be used as a |method|: >
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270 GetPropName()->prop_type_add(props)
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271
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272 prop_type_change({name}, {props}) *prop_type_change()*
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273 Change properties of an existing text property type. If a
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274 property with this name does not exist an error is given.
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275 The {props} argument is just like |prop_type_add()|.
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276
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277 Can also be used as a |method|: >
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278 GetPropName()->prop_type_change(props)
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279
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280 prop_type_delete({name} [, {props}]) *prop_type_delete()*
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281 Remove the text property type {name}. When text properties
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282 using the type {name} are still in place, they will not have
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283 an effect and can no longer be removed by name.
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284
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285 {props} can contain a "bufnr" item. When it is given, delete
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286 a property type from this buffer instead of from the global
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287 property types.
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288
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289 When text property type {name} is not found there is no error.
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290
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291 Can also be used as a |method|: >
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292 GetPropName()->prop_type_delete()
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293
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294 prop_type_get({name} [, {props}]) *prop_type_get()*
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295 Returns the properties of property type {name}. This is a
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296 dictionary with the same fields as was given to
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297 prop_type_add().
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298 When the property type {name} does not exist, an empty
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299 dictionary is returned.
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300
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301 {props} can contain a "bufnr" item. When it is given, use
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302 this buffer instead of the global property types.
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303
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304 Can also be used as a |method|: >
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305 GetPropName()->prop_type_get()
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306
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307 prop_type_list([{props}]) *prop_type_list()*
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308 Returns a list with all property type names.
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309
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310 {props} can contain a "bufnr" item. When it is given, use
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311 this buffer instead of the global property types.
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312
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313
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314 ==============================================================================
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315 3. When text changes *text-prop-changes*
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316
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317 Vim will do its best to keep the text properties on the text where it was
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318 attached. When inserting or deleting text the properties after the change
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319 will move accordingly.
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320
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321 When text is deleted and a text property no longer includes any text, it is
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322 deleted. However, a text property that was defined as zero-width will remain,
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323 unless the whole line is deleted.
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324 *E275*
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325 When a buffer is unloaded, all the text properties are gone. There is no way
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326 to store the properties in a file. You can only re-create them. When a
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327 buffer is hidden the text is preserved and so are the text properties. It is
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328 not possible to add text properties to an unloaded buffer.
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329
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330 When using replace mode, the text properties stay on the same character
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331 positions, even though the characters themselves change.
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332
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333 To update text properties after the text was changed, install a callback with
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334 `listener_add()`. E.g, if your plugin does spell checking, you can have the
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335 callback update spelling mistakes in the changed text. Vim will move the
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336 properties below the changed text, so that they still highlight the same text,
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337 thus you don't need to update these.
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338
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339
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340 Text property columns are not updated or copied: ~
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341
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342 - When setting the line with |setline()| or through an interface, such as Lua,
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343 Tcl or Python. Vim does not know what text got inserted or deleted.
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344 - With a command like `:move`, which takes a line of text out of context.
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345
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346
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347 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: