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annotate runtime/doc/xxd-ja.UTF-8.1 @ 9298:ddcef7b7874a

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Added tag v7.4.1931 for changeset 9c663cda189f1837e266c3ebc874dceeeebd38de
author Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>
date Mon, 13 Jun 2016 21:30:08 +0200
parents 93f747af7b58
children acc62d455f90
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
rev   line source
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1 .TH XXD 1 "August 1996" "Manual page for xxd"
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2 .\"
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3 .\" 21st May 1996
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4 .\" Man page author:
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5 .\" Tony Nugent <tony@sctnugen.ppp.gu.edu.au> <T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au>
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6 .\" Changes by Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
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7 .SH 名前
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8 .I xxd
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9 \- 16 進ダンプを作成したり、元に戻したり。
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10 .SH 書式
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11 .B xxd
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12 \-h[elp]
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13 .br
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14 .B xxd
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15 [options] [infile [outfile]]
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16 .br
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17 .B xxd
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18 \-r[evert] [options] [infile [outfile]]
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19 .SH 説明
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20 ファイルや標準入力から 16 進ダンプを作成します。
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21 16 進ダンプから元のバイナリに戻すこともできます。
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22 .BR uuencode (1)
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23 や
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24 .BR uudecode (1)
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25 のように、バイナリデータを、メールに貼り付け可能な ASCII 形式に変換できた
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26 り、標準出力に出力することもできます。
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27 さらに、バイナリファイルにパッチを当てるという使い方もできます。
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28 .SH オプション
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29 .I infile
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30 を指定しなかった場合は、標準入力が読み込まれます。
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31 .I infile
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32 に
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33 .RB \` \- '
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34 を指定した場合も、標準入力から読み込まれます。
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35 .I outfile
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36 を指定しなかった (または
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37 .RB \` \- '
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38 を指定した) 場合は、標準出力に出力されます。
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39 .PP
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40 引数の解釈処理は適当なので注意してください。パラメータを取らない引数は
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41 最初の一文字だけチェックされます。
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42 引数の文字とパラメータの間のスペースは省略可能です。
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43 パラメータは 10 進数、16 進数、8 進数で指定できます。
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44 .BR \-c8
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45 、
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46 .BR "\-c 8"
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47 、
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48 .B \-c 010
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49 、
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50 .B \-cols 8
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51 はすべて同じ意味です。
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52 .PP
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53 .TP
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54 .IR \-a " | " \-autoskip
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55 オートスキップ: 連続した nul 行を一つの '*' で置き換える。
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56 .TP
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57 .IR \-b " | " \-bits
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58 ビット (2進数) ダンプ。
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59 1 オクテットが "1" と "0" の 8 文字で出力されます。
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60 各行の行頭には 16 進数の行番号が表示されます。
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61 行末には ascii (または ebcdic) で表した場合の文字が表示されます。
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62 このモードでは \-r、\-p、\-i は機能しません。
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63 .TP
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64 .IR \-e
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65 リトルエンディアンの 16 進ダンプに切り替える。
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66 このオプションは、バイトのグループをリトルエンディアンのバイト順のワードとして
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67 扱います。標準のグルーピングは 4 バイトですが、
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68 .RI "" \-g
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69 を使うことで変更可能です。
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70 このオプションは 16 進ダンプのみに適用され、ASCII (あるいは EBCDIC) 表示は
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71 変更されません。
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72 このモードでは \-r、\-p、\-i は機能しません。
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73 .TP
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74 .IR "\-c cols " | " \-cols cols"
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75 一行
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76 .RI < cols >
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77 オクテットで出力する。標準設定は 16 (\-i: 12, \-ps: 30, \-b: 6)。最大 256。
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78 .TP
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79 .IR \-E " | " \-EBCDIC
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80 右端に出力される文字のエンコーディングを ASCII から EBCDIC に変更する。
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81 16 進ダンプの出力形式は変更されません。
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82 \-r、\-p、\-i が同時に指定された場合は何の効果もありません。
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83 .TP
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84 .IR "\-g bytes " | " \-groupsize bytes"
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85 出力を
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86 .RI < bytes >
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87 バイト (2 文字の 16 進数、または 8 文字の 2 進数) ごとにスペースで区切りま
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88 す。
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89 区切らずに出力するには
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90 .I \-g 0
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91 を指定してください。
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92 .RI < Bytes >
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93 の標準設定は \fI2\fP で、リトルエンディアンモードの場合は \fI4\fP 、
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94 2 進ダンプの場合は \fI1\fP です。
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95 ポストスクリプト形式やインクルード形式で出力するときは、このオプションは使わ
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96 れません。
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97 .TP
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98 .IR \-h " | " \-help
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99 コマンドの説明を出力して終了する。変換は実行されません。
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100 .TP
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101 .IR \-i " | " \-include
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102 C インクルードファイル形式で出力します。入力ファイルの名前が付けられた静的配
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103 列の定義が出力されます。標準入力の場合は定義の中身だけ出力されます。
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104 .TP
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105 .IR "\-l len " | " \-len len"
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106 .RI < len >
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107 オクテットだけ出力する。
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108 .TP
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109 .I \-o offset
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110 表示されるファイル位置に
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111 .RI < offset >
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112 を加算する。
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113 .TP
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114 .IR \-p " | " \-ps " | " \-postscript " | " \-plain
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115 ポストスクリプト形式の 16 進ダンプを出力する。別名 プレーン 16 進ダンプ。
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116 .TP
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117 .IR \-r " | " \-revert
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118 元に戻す: 16 進ダンプからバイナリ形式に変換 (またはパッチ) します。
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119 ファイルへ出力する場合、出力先のファイルは切り詰めされません。
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120 行番号や特定の書式がないプレーン 16 進ダンプを読み込む場合は、
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121 .I \-r \-p
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122 を指定してください。空白と改行は無視されます。
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123 .TP
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124 .I \-seek offset
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125 .IR \-r
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126 の後で使われた場合: 16 進ダンプを出力するファイルの位置に
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127 .RI < offset >
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128 を加える。
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129 .TP
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130 .I \-s [+][\-]seek
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131 infile の
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132 .RI < seek >
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133 バイト目 (絶対位置、または相対位置) から開始する。
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134 \fI+ \fRは、現在の標準入力の位置から相対的な位置を示します
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135 (標準入力から読み込むときのみ意味があります)。\fI\- \fRは、入力の終わりから
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136 の文字数を示します (\fI+\fR と同時に指定した場合は、現在の標準入力の位置から
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137 手前の位置を示します)。
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138 \-s 引数を指定しなかった場合は、現在のファイル位置から開始されます。
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139 .TP
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140 .I \-u
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141 16 進数の表記に大文字を使います。指定がない場合は小文字で出力されます。
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142 .TP
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143 .IR \-v " | " \-version
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144 バージョンを表示します。
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145 .SH 警告
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146 .PP
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147 .I xxd \-r
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148 では行番号の評価に関しての暗黙のルールがいくつかあります。
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149 出力ファイルがシーク可能なら、各行の行番号が順番通りに並んでなくても構いませ
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150 ん。位置が飛んでいても重なっていても大丈夫です。その場合、次の位置に移動する
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151 ために lseek(2) が使われます。
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152 出力ファイルがシーク不可なら、「隙間」だけが処理可能です。隙間は null バイト
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153 で埋められます。
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154 .PP
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155 .I xxd \-r
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156 は不正な入力をエラーにしません。ゴミは静かに読み飛ばされます。
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157 .PP
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158 16 進ダンプを編集するときは注意が必要です。
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159 .I xxd \-r
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160 は必要な桁 (\-c 引数参照) だけ 16 進データを読み込んで、行の残りを無視しま
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161 す。つまり、ascii (または ebcdic) を示している列への変更は無視されます。
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162 xxd \-r \-p でプレーン形式 (ポストスクリプト形式) の 16 進ダンプを元に戻す場
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163 合は、列の数は影響しません。
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164 2 桁の 16 進数と認識できるものはすべて変換されます。
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165 .PP
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166 \fI% xxd \-i file\fR
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167 .br
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168 と
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169 .br
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170 \fI% xxd \-i < file\fR
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171 .br
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172 の結果は違います。注意してください。
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173 .PP
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174 .I xxd \-s +seek
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175 と
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176 .IR "xxd \-s seek" ,
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177 の違いは、lseek(2) を使って入力を "巻き戻す" かどうかです。'+' が意味を持つ
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178 のは、入力が標準入力で、xxd が起動されたときに標準入力のファイル位置がファイ
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179 ルの先頭ではなかった場合です。
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180 以下の例が分かりやすいかもしれません (もっと混乱するかも!)...
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181 .PP
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182 `cat' が既に標準入力を終わりまで読んでいるので、読む前に標準入力を巻き戻す必
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183 要がある。
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184 .br
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185 \fI% sh \-c "cat > plain_copy; xxd \-s 0 > hex_copy" < file\fR
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186 .PP
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187 ファイル位置 0x480 (=1024+128) 前方から 16 進ダンプする。
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188 `+' は 「現在地からの相対位置」を意味するので、dd が 1k 処理した後から、さら
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189 に `128' 進めます。
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190 .br
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191 \fI% sh \-c "dd of=plain_snippet bs=1k count=1; xxd \-s +128 > hex_snippet" < file\fR
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192 .PP
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193 ファイル位置 0x100 ( = 1024\-768) から 16 進ダンプする。
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194 .br
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195 \fI% sh \-c "dd of=plain_snippet bs=1k count=1; xxd \-s +\-768 > hex_snippet" < file\fR
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196 .PP
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197 このような使い方はあまりしませんし、`+' を使うこともほとんどないでしょう。
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198 \-s を使うときはいつでも、strace(1) や truss(1) を使って、xxd の働きをチェッ
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199 クすることをお勧めします。
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200 .SH 例
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201 .PP
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202 .br
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203 .BR ファイル
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204 の最初の三行 (16 進数で 0x30 バイト) 以降を出力する。
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205 .br
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206 \fI% xxd \-s 0x30 file\fR
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207 .PP
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208 .br
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209 .BR ファイル
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210 の最後から三行 (16 進数で 0x30 バイト) を出力する。
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211 .br
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212 \fI% xxd \-s \-0x30 file\fR
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213 .PP
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214 .br
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215 120 バイトを、平文 16 進ダンプ形式で一行に 20 オクテットずつ出力する。
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216 .br
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217 \fI% xxd \-l 120 \-ps \-c 20 xxd.1\fR
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218 .br
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219 2e54482058584420312022417567757374203139
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220 .br
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221 39362220224d616e75616c207061676520666f72
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222 .br
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223 20787864220a2e5c220a2e5c222032317374204d
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224 .br
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225 617920313939360a2e5c22204d616e2070616765
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226 .br
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227 20617574686f723a0a2e5c2220202020546f6e79
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228 .br
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229 204e7567656e74203c746f6e79407363746e7567
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230 .br
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231
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232 .br
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233 この man ページの先頭から 120 バイトを一行に 12 オクテットずつ 16 進ダンプす
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234 る。
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235 .br
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236 \fI% xxd \-l 120 \-c 12 xxd.1\fR
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237 .br
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238 0000000: 2e54 4820 5858 4420 3120 2241 .TH XXD 1 "A
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239 .br
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240 000000c: 7567 7573 7420 3139 3936 2220 ugust 1996"
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241 .br
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242 0000018: 224d 616e 7561 6c20 7061 6765 "Manual page
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243 .br
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244 0000024: 2066 6f72 2078 7864 220a 2e5c for xxd"..\\
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245 .br
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246 0000030: 220a 2e5c 2220 3231 7374 204d "..\\" 21st M
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247 .br
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248 000003c: 6179 2031 3939 360a 2e5c 2220 ay 1996..\\"
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249 .br
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250 0000048: 4d61 6e20 7061 6765 2061 7574 Man page aut
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251 .br
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252 0000054: 686f 723a 0a2e 5c22 2020 2020 hor:..\\"
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253 .br
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254 0000060: 546f 6e79 204e 7567 656e 7420 Tony Nugent
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255 .br
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256 000006c: 3c74 6f6e 7940 7363 746e 7567 <tony@sctnug
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257 .PP
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258 .br
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259 xxd.1 の日付部分だけを出力する。
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260 .br
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261 \fI% xxd \-s 0x36 \-l 13 \-c 13 xxd.1\fR
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262 .br
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263 0000036: 3231 7374 204d 6179 2031 3939 36 21st May 1996
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264 .PP
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265 .br
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266 .B input_file
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267 を
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268 .B output_file
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269 にコピーし、先頭に 0x00 を 100 バイト分付け加える。
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270 .br
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271 \fI% xxd input_file | xxd \-r \-s 100 > output_file\fR
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272 .br
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273
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274 .br
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275 xxd.1 の日付を修正する。
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276 .br
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277 \fI% echo "0000037: 3574 68" | xxd \-r \- xxd.1\fR
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278 .br
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279 \fI% xxd \-s 0x36 \-l 13 \-c 13 xxd.1\fR
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280 .br
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281 0000036: 3235 7468 204d 6179 2031 3939 36 25th May 1996
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282 .PP
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283 .br
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284 中身がすべて 0x00 の 65537 バイトのファイルを作成する。
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285 ただし、最後のバイトだけは 'A' (hex 0x41)。
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286 .br
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287 \fI% echo "010000: 41" | xxd \-r > file\fR
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288 .PP
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289 .br
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290 作成したファイルをオートスキップを使って 16 進ダンプする。
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291 .br
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292 \fI% xxd \-a \-c 12 file\fR
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293 .br
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294 0000000: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ............
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295 .br
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296 *
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297 .br
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298 000fffc: 0000 0000 40 ....A
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299 .PP
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300 一文字の 'A' からなる 1 バイトのファイルを作成する。
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301 '\-r \-s' の後に指定した数値がファイル中の行番号に加算され、結果、余計なバ
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302 イトが飛ばされる。
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303 .br
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304 \fI% echo "010000: 41" | xxd \-r \-s \-0x10000 > file\fR
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305 .PP
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306 .B vim(1)
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307 の中から xxd をフィルタとして実行し、
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308 マークされた `a' から `z' までの領域を 16 進ダンプする。
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309 .br
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310 \fI:'a,'z!xxd\fR
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311 .PP
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312 .B vim(1)
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313 の中から xxd をフィルタとして実行し、
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314 マークされた `a' から `z' までの領域をバイナリに戻す。
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315 .br
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316 \fI:'a,'z!xxd \-r\fR
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317 .PP
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318 .B vim(1)
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319 の中から xxd をフィルタとして実行し、
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320 16 進ダンプされた行を元に戻す。戻したい行にカーソルを移動して:
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321 .br
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322 \fI!!xxd \-r\fR
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323 .PP
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324 シリアル行から一文字読み込む
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325 .br
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326 \fI% xxd \-c1 < /dev/term/b &\fR
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327 .br
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328 \fI% stty < /dev/term/b \-echo \-opost \-isig \-icanon min 1\fR
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329 .br
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330 \fI% echo \-n foo > /dev/term/b\fR
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331 .PP
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332 .SH 返り値
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333 以下のエラー値が返ります:
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334 .TP
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335 0
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336 エラーなし。
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337 .TP
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338 \-1
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339 操作がサポートされていない (
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340 .I xxd \-r \-i
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341 はまだ不可です)。
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342 .TP
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343 1
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344 引数の解釈に関するエラー。
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345 .TP
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346 2
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347 入力ファイルに関する問題。
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348 .TP
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349 3
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350 出力ファイルに関する問題。
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351 .TP
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352 4,5
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353 指定された位置へシークできなかった。
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354 .SH 関連項目
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355 uuencode(1), uudecode(1), patch(1)
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356 .br
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357 .SH 警告
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358 この奇妙なツールは作者が使いやすいように作られています。
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359 自己責任で使ってください。ファイルをコピーし、それを調べ、ウィザードたれ。
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360 .br
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361 .SH バージョン
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362 このマニュアルは xxd バージョン 1.7 について説明しています。
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363 .SH 著者
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364 .br
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365 (c) 1990-1997 by Juergen Weigert
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366 .br
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367 <jnweiger@informatik.uni\-erlangen.de>
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368 .LP
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369 私の功績として自由に配布してください。
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370 .br
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371 儲かったら教えてください。
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372 .br
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373 損しても知りません。
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374 .PP
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375 マニュアルは Tony Nugent
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376 .br
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377 <tony@sctnugen.ppp.gu.edu.au> <T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au>
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378 .br
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379 によって書かれ、
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380 Bram Moolenaar が少し変更を加え、
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381 Juergen Weigert が編集しました。
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382 .PP