Mercurial > vim
annotate runtime/doc/gui.txt @ 26086:781b2d806215
Added tag v8.2.3576 for changeset afc5987e9670b1af0a583a34ddc230f9213a6068
| author | Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 03 Nov 2021 14:30:05 +0100 |
| parents | 84c7dc0fdcd2 |
| children | d19b7aee1925 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 25161 | 1 *gui.txt* For Vim version 8.2. Last change: 2021 Jun 27 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 3 | |
| 4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 Vim's Graphical User Interface *gui* *GUI* | |
| 8 | |
| 9 1. Starting the GUI |gui-start| | |
| 10 2. Scrollbars |gui-scrollbars| | |
| 11 3. Mouse Control |gui-mouse| | |
| 12 4. Making GUI Selections |gui-selections| | |
| 13 5. Menus |menus| | |
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14 6. Font |gui-font| |
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15 7. Extras |gui-extras| |
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16 8. Shell Commands |gui-shell| |
| 7 | 17 |
| 18 Other GUI documentation: | |
| 19 |gui_x11.txt| For specific items of the X11 GUI. | |
| 20 |gui_w32.txt| For specific items of the Win32 GUI. | |
| 21 | |
| 22 | |
| 23 ============================================================================== | |
| 24 1. Starting the GUI *gui-start* *E229* *E233* | |
| 25 | |
| 26 First you must make sure you actually have a version of Vim with the GUI code | |
| 694 | 27 included. You can check this with the ":version" command, it says "with xxx |
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28 GUI", where "xxx" is X11-Motif, X11-Athena, Photon, GTK2, GTK3, etc., or |
| 694 | 29 "MS-Windows 32 bit GUI version". |
| 7 | 30 |
| 31 How to start the GUI depends on the system used. Mostly you can run the | |
| 32 GUI version of Vim with: | |
| 33 gvim [options] [files...] | |
| 34 | |
| 35 The X11 version of Vim can run both in GUI and in non-GUI mode. See | |
| 36 |gui-x11-start|. | |
| 37 | |
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38 *gui-init* *gvimrc* *.gvimrc* *_gvimrc* *$MYGVIMRC* |
| 819 | 39 The gvimrc file is where GUI-specific startup commands should be placed. It |
| 40 is always sourced after the |vimrc| file. If you have one then the $MYGVIMRC | |
| 41 environment variable has its name. | |
| 42 | |
| 7 | 43 When the GUI starts up initializations are carried out, in this order: |
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44 - The 'term' option is set to "builtin_gui" and terminal options are reset to |
| 667 | 45 their default value for the GUI |terminal-options|. |
| 7 | 46 - If the system menu file exists, it is sourced. The name of this file is |
| 47 normally "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim". You can check this with ":version". Also | |
| 48 see |$VIMRUNTIME|. To skip loading the system menu include 'M' in | |
| 49 'guioptions'. *buffers-menu* *no_buffers_menu* | |
| 50 The system menu file includes a "Buffers" menu. If you don't want this, set | |
| 51 the "no_buffers_menu" variable in your .vimrc (not .gvimrc!): > | |
| 52 :let no_buffers_menu = 1 | |
| 53 < NOTE: Switching on syntax highlighting also loads the menu file, thus | |
| 54 disabling the Buffers menu must be done before ":syntax on". | |
| 55 The path names are truncated to 35 characters. You can truncate them at a | |
| 56 different length, for example 50, like this: > | |
| 57 :let bmenu_max_pathlen = 50 | |
| 58 - If the "-U {gvimrc}" command-line option has been used when starting Vim, | |
| 59 the {gvimrc} file will be read for initializations. The following | |
| 42 | 60 initializations are skipped. When {gvimrc} is "NONE" no file will be read |
| 61 for initializations. | |
| 7 | 62 - For Unix and MS-Windows, if the system gvimrc exists, it is sourced. The |
| 63 name of this file is normally "$VIM/gvimrc". You can check this with | |
| 64 ":version". Also see |$VIM|. | |
| 65 - The following are tried, and only the first one that exists is used: | |
| 66 - If the GVIMINIT environment variable exists and is not empty, it is | |
| 67 executed as an Ex command. | |
| 68 - If the user gvimrc file exists, it is sourced. The name of this file is | |
| 69 normally "$HOME/.gvimrc". You can check this with ":version". | |
| 12254 | 70 - For Win32, $HOME is set by Vim if needed, see |$HOME-windows|. |
| 7 | 71 - When a "_gvimrc" file is not found, ".gvimrc" is tried too. And vice |
| 72 versa. | |
| 819 | 73 The name of the first file found is stored in $MYGVIMRC, unless it was |
| 74 already set. | |
| 7 | 75 - If the 'exrc' option is set (which is NOT the default) the file ./.gvimrc |
| 76 is sourced, if it exists and isn't the same file as the system or user | |
| 77 gvimrc file. If this file is not owned by you, some security restrictions | |
| 78 apply. When ".gvimrc" is not found, "_gvimrc" is tried too. For Macintosh | |
| 79 and DOS/Win32 "_gvimrc" is tried first. | |
| 80 | |
| 81 NOTE: All but the first one are not carried out if Vim was started with | |
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82 "-u NONE" or "-u DEFAULTS" and no "-U" argument was given, or when started |
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83 with "-U NONE". |
| 7 | 84 |
| 85 All this happens AFTER the normal Vim initializations, like reading your | |
| 86 .vimrc file. See |initialization|. | |
| 87 But the GUI window is only opened after all the initializations have been | |
| 88 carried out. If you want some commands to be executed just after opening the | |
| 89 GUI window, use the |GUIEnter| autocommand event. Example: > | |
| 465 | 90 :autocmd GUIEnter * winpos 100 50 |
| 7 | 91 |
| 92 You can use the gvimrc files to set up your own customized menus (see |:menu|) | |
| 93 and initialize other things that you may want to set up differently from the | |
| 94 terminal version. | |
| 95 | |
| 96 Recommended place for your personal GUI initializations: | |
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97 Unix $HOME/.gvimrc or $HOME/.vim/gvimrc |
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98 Win32 $HOME/_gvimrc, $HOME/vimfiles/gvimrc |
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99 or $VIM/_gvimrc |
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100 Amiga s:.gvimrc, home:.gvimrc, home:vimfiles:gvimrc |
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101 or $VIM/.gvimrc |
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102 Haiku $HOME/config/settings/vim/gvimrc |
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103 |
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104 The personal initialization files are searched in the order specified above |
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105 and only the first one that is found is read. |
| 7 | 106 |
| 107 There are a number of options which only have meaning in the GUI version of | |
| 108 Vim. These are 'guicursor', 'guifont', 'guipty' and 'guioptions'. They are | |
| 109 documented in |options.txt| with all the other options. | |
| 110 | |
| 862 | 111 If using the Motif or Athena version of the GUI (but not for the GTK+ or |
| 11 | 112 Win32 version), a number of X resources are available. See |gui-resources|. |
| 7 | 113 |
| 114 Another way to set the colors for different occasions is with highlight | |
| 115 groups. The "Normal" group is used to set the background and foreground | |
| 116 colors. Example (which looks nice): > | |
| 117 | |
| 118 :highlight Normal guibg=grey90 | |
| 119 | |
| 120 The "guibg" and "guifg" settings override the normal background and | |
| 121 foreground settings. The other settings for the Normal highlight group are | |
| 122 not used. Use the 'guifont' option to set the font. | |
| 123 | |
| 124 Also check out the 'guicursor' option, to set the colors for the cursor in | |
| 125 various modes. | |
| 126 | |
| 127 Vim tries to make the window fit on the screen when it starts up. This avoids | |
| 128 that you can't see part of it. On the X Window System this requires a bit of | |
| 129 guesswork. You can change the height that is used for the window title and a | |
| 130 task bar with the 'guiheadroom' option. | |
| 131 | |
| 132 *:winp* *:winpos* *E188* | |
| 133 :winp[os] | |
| 134 Display current position of the top left corner of the GUI vim | |
| 135 window in pixels. Does not work in all versions. | |
| 13437 | 136 Also see |getwinpos()|, |getwinposx()| and |getwinposy()|. |
| 7 | 137 |
| 138 :winp[os] {X} {Y} *E466* | |
| 139 Put the GUI vim window at the given {X} and {Y} coordinates. | |
| 140 The coordinates should specify the position in pixels of the | |
| 141 top left corner of the window. Does not work in all versions. | |
| 142 Does work in an (new) xterm |xterm-color|. | |
| 143 When the GUI window has not been opened yet, the values are | |
| 144 remembered until the window is opened. The position is | |
| 145 adjusted to make the window fit on the screen (if possible). | |
| 146 | |
| 147 *:win* *:winsize* *E465* | |
| 148 :win[size] {width} {height} | |
| 149 Set the window height to {width} by {height} characters. | |
| 150 Obsolete, use ":set lines=11 columns=22". | |
| 151 If you get less lines than expected, check the 'guiheadroom' | |
| 152 option. | |
| 153 | |
| 154 If you are running the X Window System, you can get information about the | |
| 5697 | 155 window Vim is running in with these commands: > |
| 7 | 156 :!xwininfo -id $WINDOWID |
| 5697 | 157 :!xprop -id $WINDOWID |
| 158 :execute '!xwininfo -id ' . v:windowid | |
| 159 :execute '!xprop -id ' . v:windowid | |
| 3082 | 160 < |
| 161 *gui-IME* *iBus* | |
| 162 Input methods for international characters in X that rely on the XIM | |
| 163 framework, most notably iBus, have been known to produce undesirable results | |
| 12785 | 164 in gvim. These may include an inability to enter spaces, or long delays |
| 3082 | 165 between typing a character and it being recognized by the application. |
| 166 | |
| 167 One workaround that has been successful, for unknown reasons, is to prevent | |
| 168 gvim from forking into the background by starting it with the |-f| argument. | |
| 7 | 169 |
| 170 ============================================================================== | |
| 171 2. Scrollbars *gui-scrollbars* | |
| 172 | |
| 98 | 173 There are vertical scrollbars and a horizontal scrollbar. You may |
| 7 | 174 configure which ones appear with the 'guioptions' option. |
| 175 | |
| 176 The interface looks like this (with ":set guioptions=mlrb"): | |
| 177 | |
| 2642 | 178 +------------------------------+ ` |
| 179 | File Edit Help | <- Menu bar (m) ` | |
| 180 +-+--------------------------+-+ ` | |
| 181 |^| |^| ` | |
| 182 |#| Text area. |#| ` | |
| 183 | | | | ` | |
| 184 |v|__________________________|v| ` | |
| 185 Normal status line -> |-+ File.c 5,2 +-| ` | |
| 186 between Vim windows |^|""""""""""""""""""""""""""|^| ` | |
| 187 | | | | ` | |
| 188 | | Another file buffer. | | ` | |
| 189 | | | | ` | |
| 190 |#| |#| ` | |
| 191 Left scrollbar (l) -> |#| |#| <- Right ` | |
| 192 |#| |#| scrollbar (r) ` | |
| 193 | | | | ` | |
| 194 |v| |v| ` | |
| 195 +-+--------------------------+-+ ` | |
| 196 | |< #### >| | <- Bottom ` | |
| 197 +-+--------------------------+-+ scrollbar (b) ` | |
| 7 | 198 |
| 199 Any of the scrollbar or menu components may be turned off by not putting the | |
| 200 appropriate letter in the 'guioptions' string. The bottom scrollbar is | |
| 201 only useful when 'nowrap' is set. | |
| 202 | |
| 203 | |
| 204 VERTICAL SCROLLBARS *gui-vert-scroll* | |
| 205 | |
| 206 Each Vim window has a scrollbar next to it which may be scrolled up and down | |
| 207 to move through the text in that buffer. The size of the scrollbar-thumb | |
| 208 indicates the fraction of the buffer which can be seen in the window. | |
| 209 When the scrollbar is dragged all the way down, the last line of the file | |
| 210 will appear in the top of the window. | |
| 211 | |
| 212 If a window is shrunk to zero height (by the growth of another window) its | |
| 236 | 213 scrollbar disappears. It reappears when the window is restored. |
| 7 | 214 |
| 215 If a window is vertically split, it will get a scrollbar when it is the | |
| 216 current window and when, taking the middle of the current window and drawing a | |
| 217 vertical line, this line goes through the window. | |
| 218 When there are scrollbars on both sides, and the middle of the current window | |
| 219 is on the left half, the right scrollbar column will contain scrollbars for | |
| 220 the rightmost windows. The same happens on the other side. | |
| 221 | |
| 222 | |
| 223 HORIZONTAL SCROLLBARS *gui-horiz-scroll* | |
| 224 | |
| 225 The horizontal scrollbar (at the bottom of the Vim GUI) may be used to | |
| 226 scroll text sideways when the 'wrap' option is turned off. The | |
| 227 scrollbar-thumb size is such that the text of the longest visible line may be | |
| 228 scrolled as far as possible left and right. The cursor is moved when | |
| 229 necessary, it must remain on a visible character (unless 'virtualedit' is | |
| 230 set). | |
| 231 | |
| 98 | 232 Computing the length of the longest visible line takes quite a bit of |
| 233 computation, and it has to be done every time something changes. If this | |
| 234 takes too much time or you don't like the cursor jumping to another line, | |
| 235 include the 'h' flag in 'guioptions'. Then the scrolling is limited by the | |
| 236 text of the current cursor line. | |
| 7 | 237 |
| 238 *athena-intellimouse* | |
| 239 If you have an Intellimouse and an X server that supports using the wheel, | |
| 240 then you can use the wheel to scroll the text up and down in gvim. This works | |
| 241 with XFree86 4.0 and later, and with some older versions when you add patches. | |
| 242 See |scroll-mouse-wheel|. | |
| 243 | |
| 244 For older versions of XFree86 you must patch your X server. The following | |
| 245 page has a bit of information about using the Intellimouse on Linux as well as | |
| 246 links to the patches and X server binaries (may not have the one you need | |
| 247 though): | |
| 248 http://www.inria.fr/koala/colas/mouse-wheel-scroll/ | |
| 249 | |
| 250 ============================================================================== | |
| 251 3. Mouse Control *gui-mouse* | |
| 252 | |
| 253 The mouse only works if the appropriate flag in the 'mouse' option is set. | |
| 254 When the GUI is switched on, and 'mouse' wasn't set yet, the 'mouse' option is | |
| 255 automatically set to "a", enabling it for all modes except for the | |
| 256 |hit-enter| prompt. If you don't want this, a good place to change the | |
| 257 'mouse' option is the "gvimrc" file. | |
| 258 | |
| 259 Other options that are relevant: | |
| 260 'mousefocus' window focus follows mouse pointer |gui-mouse-focus| | |
| 261 'mousemodel' what mouse button does which action | |
| 262 'mousehide' hide mouse pointer while typing text | |
| 263 'selectmode' whether to start Select mode or Visual mode | |
| 264 | |
| 265 A quick way to set these is with the ":behave" command. | |
| 266 *:behave* *:be* | |
| 267 :be[have] {model} Set behavior for mouse and selection. Valid | |
| 268 arguments are: | |
| 269 mswin MS-Windows behavior | |
| 270 xterm Xterm behavior | |
| 271 | |
| 272 Using ":behave" changes these options: | |
| 273 option mswin xterm ~ | |
| 274 'selectmode' "mouse,key" "" | |
| 275 'mousemodel' "popup" "extend" | |
| 276 'keymodel' "startsel,stopsel" "" | |
| 277 'selection' "exclusive" "inclusive" | |
| 278 | |
| 279 In the $VIMRUNTIME directory, there is a script called |mswin.vim|, which will | |
| 280 also map a few keys to the MS-Windows cut/copy/paste commands. This is NOT | |
| 281 compatible, since it uses the CTRL-V, CTRL-X and CTRL-C keys. If you don't | |
| 282 mind, use this command: > | |
| 283 :so $VIMRUNTIME/mswin.vim | |
| 284 | |
| 285 For scrolling with a wheel on a mouse, see |scroll-mouse-wheel|. | |
| 286 | |
| 287 | |
| 288 3.1 Moving Cursor with Mouse *gui-mouse-move* | |
| 289 | |
| 290 Click the left mouse button somewhere in a text buffer where you want the | |
| 291 cursor to go, and it does! | |
| 292 This works in when 'mouse' contains ~ | |
| 293 Normal mode 'n' or 'a' | |
| 294 Visual mode 'v' or 'a' | |
| 295 Insert mode 'i' or 'a' | |
| 296 | |
| 297 Select mode is handled like Visual mode. | |
| 298 | |
| 299 You may use this with an operator such as 'd' to delete text from the current | |
| 300 cursor position to the position you point to with the mouse. That is, you hit | |
| 301 'd' and then click the mouse somewhere. | |
| 302 | |
| 303 *gui-mouse-focus* | |
| 304 The 'mousefocus' option can be set to make the keyboard focus follow the | |
| 305 mouse pointer. This means that the window where the mouse pointer is, is the | |
| 306 active window. Warning: this doesn't work very well when using a menu, | |
| 307 because the menu command will always be applied to the top window. | |
| 308 | |
| 309 If you are on the ':' line (or '/' or '?'), then clicking the left or right | |
| 310 mouse button will position the cursor on the ':' line (if 'mouse' contains | |
| 18639 | 311 'c' or 'a'). |
| 7 | 312 |
| 313 In any situation the middle mouse button may be clicked to paste the current | |
| 314 selection. | |
| 315 | |
| 316 | |
| 317 3.2 Selection with Mouse *gui-mouse-select* | |
| 318 | |
| 319 The mouse can be used to start a selection. How depends on the 'mousemodel' | |
| 320 option: | |
| 321 'mousemodel' is "extend": use the right mouse button | |
| 322 'mousemodel' is "popup": use the left mouse button, while keeping the Shift | |
| 323 key pressed. | |
| 324 | |
| 325 If there was no selection yet, this starts a selection from the old cursor | |
| 326 position to the position pointed to with the mouse. If there already is a | |
| 327 selection then the closest end will be extended. | |
| 328 | |
| 329 If 'selectmode' contains "mouse", then the selection will be in Select mode. | |
| 330 This means that typing normal text will replace the selection. See | |
| 331 |Select-mode|. Otherwise, the selection will be in Visual mode. | |
| 332 | |
| 333 Double clicking may be done to make the selection word-wise, triple clicking | |
| 334 makes it line-wise, and quadruple clicking makes it rectangular block-wise. | |
| 335 | |
| 336 See |gui-selections| on how the selection is used. | |
| 337 | |
| 338 | |
| 339 3.3 Other Text Selection with Mouse *gui-mouse-modeless* | |
| 340 *modeless-selection* | |
| 341 A different kind of selection is used when: | |
| 342 - in Command-line mode | |
| 343 - in the Command-line window and pointing in another window | |
| 344 - at the |hit-enter| prompt | |
| 345 - whenever the current mode is not in the 'mouse' option | |
| 346 - when holding the CTRL and SHIFT keys in the GUI | |
| 1619 | 347 |
| 7 | 348 Since Vim continues like the selection isn't there, and there is no mode |
| 349 associated with the selection, this is called modeless selection. Any text in | |
| 350 the Vim window can be selected. Select the text by pressing the left mouse | |
| 351 button at the start, drag to the end and release. To extend the selection, | |
| 352 use the right mouse button when 'mousemodel' is "extend", or the left mouse | |
| 353 button with the shift key pressed when 'mousemodel' is "popup". | |
| 354 The selection is removed when the selected text is scrolled or changed. | |
| 1619 | 355 |
| 7 | 356 On the command line CTRL-Y can be used to copy the selection into the |
| 1619 | 357 clipboard. To do this from Insert mode, use CTRL-O : CTRL-Y <CR>. When |
| 358 'guioptions' contains a or A (default on X11), the selection is automatically | |
| 359 copied to the "* register. | |
| 360 | |
| 361 The middle mouse button can then paste the text. On non-X11 systems, you can | |
| 362 use CTRL-R +. | |
| 7 | 363 |
| 364 | |
| 365 3.4 Using Mouse on Status Lines *gui-mouse-status* | |
| 366 | |
| 367 Clicking the left or right mouse button on the status line below a Vim | |
| 368 window makes that window the current window. This actually happens on button | |
| 369 release (to be able to distinguish a click from a drag action). | |
| 370 | |
| 371 With the left mouse button a status line can be dragged up and down, thus | |
| 372 resizing the windows above and below it. This does not change window focus. | |
| 373 | |
| 374 The same can be used on the vertical separator: click to give the window left | |
| 375 of it focus, drag left and right to make windows wider and narrower. | |
| 376 | |
| 377 | |
| 378 3.5 Various Mouse Clicks *gui-mouse-various* | |
| 379 | |
| 380 <S-LeftMouse> Search forward for the word under the mouse click. | |
| 381 When 'mousemodel' is "popup" this starts or extends a | |
| 382 selection. | |
| 383 <S-RightMouse> Search backward for the word under the mouse click. | |
| 384 <C-LeftMouse> Jump to the tag name under the mouse click. | |
| 385 <C-RightMouse> Jump back to position before the previous tag jump | |
| 386 (same as "CTRL-T") | |
| 387 | |
| 388 | |
| 389 3.6 Mouse Mappings *gui-mouse-mapping* | |
| 390 | |
| 391 The mouse events, complete with modifiers, may be mapped. Eg: > | |
| 392 :map <S-LeftMouse> <RightMouse> | |
| 393 :map <S-LeftDrag> <RightDrag> | |
| 394 :map <S-LeftRelease> <RightRelease> | |
| 395 :map <2-S-LeftMouse> <2-RightMouse> | |
| 396 :map <2-S-LeftDrag> <2-RightDrag> | |
| 397 :map <2-S-LeftRelease> <2-RightRelease> | |
| 398 :map <3-S-LeftMouse> <3-RightMouse> | |
| 399 :map <3-S-LeftDrag> <3-RightDrag> | |
| 400 :map <3-S-LeftRelease> <3-RightRelease> | |
| 401 :map <4-S-LeftMouse> <4-RightMouse> | |
| 402 :map <4-S-LeftDrag> <4-RightDrag> | |
| 403 :map <4-S-LeftRelease> <4-RightRelease> | |
| 404 These mappings make selection work the way it probably should in a Motif | |
| 405 application, with shift-left mouse allowing for extending the visual area | |
| 406 rather than the right mouse button. | |
| 407 | |
| 408 Mouse mapping with modifiers does not work for modeless selection. | |
| 409 | |
| 410 | |
| 411 3.7 Drag and drop *drag-n-drop* | |
| 412 | |
| 413 You can drag and drop one or more files into the Vim window, where they will | |
| 25161 | 414 be opened as if a |:drop| command was used. You can check if this is |
| 415 supported with the *drop_file* feature: `has('drop_file')`. | |
| 7 | 416 |
| 417 If you hold down Shift while doing this, Vim changes to the first dropped | |
| 418 file's directory. If you hold Ctrl Vim will always split a new window for the | |
| 419 file. Otherwise it's only done if the current buffer has been changed. | |
| 420 | |
| 421 You can also drop a directory on Vim. This starts the explorer plugin for | |
| 422 that directory (assuming it was enabled, otherwise you'll get an error | |
| 423 message). Keep Shift pressed to change to the directory instead. | |
| 424 | |
| 425 If Vim happens to be editing a command line, the names of the dropped files | |
| 426 and directories will be inserted at the cursor. This allows you to use these | |
| 427 names with any Ex command. Special characters (space, tab, double quote and | |
| 428 '|'; backslash on non-MS-Windows systems) will be escaped. | |
| 429 | |
| 430 ============================================================================== | |
| 431 4. Making GUI Selections *gui-selections* | |
| 432 | |
| 433 *quotestar* | |
| 434 You may make selections with the mouse (see |gui-mouse-select|), or by using | |
| 435 Vim's Visual mode (see |v|). If 'a' is present in 'guioptions', then | |
| 436 whenever a selection is started (Visual or Select mode), or when the selection | |
| 437 is changed, Vim becomes the owner of the windowing system's primary selection | |
| 438 (on MS-Windows the |gui-clipboard| is used; under X11, the |x11-selection| is | |
| 439 used - you should read whichever of these is appropriate now). | |
| 440 | |
| 441 *clipboard* | |
| 442 There is a special register for storing this selection, it is the "* | |
| 443 register. Nothing is put in here unless the information about what text is | |
| 236 | 444 selected is about to change (e.g. with a left mouse click somewhere), or when |
| 7 | 445 another application wants to paste the selected text. Then the text is put |
| 446 in the "* register. For example, to cut a line and make it the current | |
| 447 selection/put it on the clipboard: > | |
| 448 | |
| 449 "*dd | |
| 450 | |
| 451 Similarly, when you want to paste a selection from another application, e.g., | |
| 452 by clicking the middle mouse button, the selection is put in the "* register | |
| 453 first, and then 'put' like any other register. For example, to put the | |
| 454 selection (contents of the clipboard): > | |
| 455 | |
| 456 "*p | |
| 457 | |
| 458 When using this register under X11, also see |x11-selection|. This also | |
| 459 explains the related "+ register. | |
| 460 | |
| 461 Note that when pasting text from one Vim into another separate Vim, the type | |
| 462 of selection (character, line, or block) will also be copied. For other | |
| 463 applications the type is always character. However, if the text gets | |
| 464 transferred via the |x11-cut-buffer|, the selection type is ALWAYS lost. | |
| 465 | |
| 466 When the "unnamed" string is included in the 'clipboard' option, the unnamed | |
| 467 register is the same as the "* register. Thus you can yank to and paste the | |
| 468 selection without prepending "* to commands. | |
| 469 | |
| 470 ============================================================================== | |
| 471 5. Menus *menus* | |
| 472 | |
| 473 For an introduction see |usr_42.txt| in the user manual. | |
| 474 | |
| 475 | |
| 476 5.1 Using Menus *using-menus* | |
| 477 | |
| 478 Basically, menus can be used just like mappings. You can define your own | |
| 479 menus, as many as you like. | |
| 480 Long-time Vim users won't use menus much. But the power is in adding your own | |
| 481 menus and menu items. They are most useful for things that you can't remember | |
| 482 what the key sequence was. | |
| 483 | |
| 484 For creating menus in a different language, see |:menutrans|. | |
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485 If you don't want to use menus at all, see |'go-M'|. |
| 7 | 486 |
| 487 *menu.vim* | |
| 488 The default menus are read from the file "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim". See | |
| 489 |$VIMRUNTIME| for where the path comes from. You can set up your own menus. | |
| 490 Starting off with the default set is a good idea. You can add more items, or, | |
| 491 if you don't like the defaults at all, start with removing all menus | |
| 492 |:unmenu-all|. You can also avoid the default menus being loaded by adding | |
| 493 this line to your .vimrc file (NOT your .gvimrc file!): > | |
| 494 :let did_install_default_menus = 1 | |
| 495 If you also want to avoid the Syntax menu: > | |
| 496 :let did_install_syntax_menu = 1 | |
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497 The first item in the Syntax menu can be used to show all available filetypes |
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498 in the menu (which can take a bit of time to load). If you want to have all |
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499 filetypes already present at startup, add: > |
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500 :let do_syntax_sel_menu = 1 |
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501 |
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502 The following menuitems show all available color schemes, keymaps and compiler |
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503 settings: |
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504 Edit > Color Scheme ~ |
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505 Edit > Keymap ~ |
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506 Tools > Set Compiler ~ |
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507 However, they can also take a bit of time to load, because they search all |
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508 related files from the directories in 'runtimepath'. Therefore they are |
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509 loaded lazily (by the |CursorHold| event), or you can also load them manually. |
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510 If you want to have all these items already present at startup, add: > |
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511 :let do_no_lazyload_menus = 1 |
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512 |
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513 Note that the menu.vim is sourced when `:syntax on` or `:filetype on` is |
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514 executed or after your .vimrc file is sourced. This means that the 'encoding' |
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515 option and the language of messages (`:language messages`) must be set before |
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516 that (if you want to change them). |
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517 |
| 7 | 518 *console-menus* |
| 519 Although this documentation is in the GUI section, you can actually use menus | |
| 520 in console mode too. You will have to load |menu.vim| explicitly then, it is | |
| 521 not done by default. You can use the |:emenu| command and command-line | |
| 522 completion with 'wildmenu' to access the menu entries almost like a real menu | |
| 523 system. To do this, put these commands in your .vimrc file: > | |
| 524 :source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim | |
| 525 :set wildmenu | |
| 526 :set cpo-=< | |
| 527 :set wcm=<C-Z> | |
| 528 :map <F4> :emenu <C-Z> | |
| 529 Pressing <F4> will start the menu. You can now use the cursor keys to select | |
| 530 a menu entry. Hit <Enter> to execute it. Hit <Esc> if you want to cancel. | |
| 531 This does require the |+menu| feature enabled at compile time. | |
| 532 | |
| 533 *tear-off-menus* | |
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534 GTK+ 2 and Motif support Tear-off menus. These are sort of sticky menus or |
| 7 | 535 pop-up menus that are present all the time. If the resizing does not work |
| 536 correctly, this may be caused by using something like "Vim*geometry" in the | |
| 537 defaults. Use "Vim.geometry" instead. | |
| 538 | |
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539 As to GTK+ 3, tear-off menus have been deprecated since GTK+ 3.4. |
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540 Accordingly, they are disabled if gvim is linked against GTK+ 3.4 or later. |
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541 |
| 7 | 542 The Win32 GUI version emulates Motif's tear-off menus. Actually, a Motif user |
| 543 will spot the differences easily, but hopefully they're just as useful. You | |
| 544 can also use the |:tearoff| command together with |hidden-menus| to create | |
| 545 floating menus that do not appear on the main menu bar. | |
| 546 | |
| 547 | |
| 548 5.2 Creating New Menus *creating-menus* | |
| 549 | |
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550 *:me* *:menu* *:noreme* *:noremenu* |
| 7 | 551 *E330* *E327* *E331* *E336* *E333* |
| 1120 | 552 *E328* *E329* *E337* *E792* |
| 7 | 553 To create a new menu item, use the ":menu" commands. They are mostly like |
| 18594 | 554 the ":map" set of commands (see |map-modes|), but the first argument is a menu |
| 555 item name, given as a path of menus and submenus with a '.' between them, | |
| 556 e.g.: > | |
| 7 | 557 |
| 558 :menu File.Save :w<CR> | |
| 559 :inoremenu File.Save <C-O>:w<CR> | |
| 560 :menu Edit.Big\ Changes.Delete\ All\ Spaces :%s/[ ^I]//g<CR> | |
| 561 | |
| 562 This last one will create a new item in the menu bar called "Edit", holding | |
| 563 the mouse button down on this will pop up a menu containing the item | |
| 564 "Big Changes", which is a sub-menu containing the item "Delete All Spaces", | |
| 565 which when selected, performs the operation. | |
| 566 | |
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567 To create a menu for terminal mode, use |:tlmenu| instead of |:tmenu| unlike |
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568 key mapping (|:tmap|). This is because |:tmenu| is already used for defining |
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569 tooltips for menus. See |terminal-typing|. |
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570 |
| 7 | 571 Special characters in a menu name: |
| 572 | |
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573 *menu-shortcut* |
| 7 | 574 & The next character is the shortcut key. Make sure each |
| 575 shortcut key is only used once in a (sub)menu. If you want to | |
| 576 insert a literal "&" in the menu name use "&&". | |
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577 *menu-text* |
| 7 | 578 <Tab> Separates the menu name from right-aligned text. This can be |
| 579 used to show the equivalent typed command. The text "<Tab>" | |
| 580 can be used here for convenience. If you are using a real | |
| 1235 | 581 tab, don't forget to put a backslash before it! |
| 7 | 582 Example: > |
| 583 | |
| 584 :amenu &File.&Open<Tab>:e :browse e<CR> | |
| 585 | |
| 586 [typed literally] | |
| 587 With the shortcut "F" (while keeping the <Alt> key pressed), and then "O", | |
| 588 this menu can be used. The second part is shown as "Open :e". The ":e" | |
| 589 is right aligned, and the "O" is underlined, to indicate it is the shortcut. | |
| 590 | |
| 22441 | 591 *:am* *:amenu* *:an* *:anoremenu* |
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592 The ":amenu" command can be used to define menu entries for all modes at once, |
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593 except for Terminal mode. To make the command work correctly, a character is |
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594 automatically inserted for some modes: |
| 7 | 595 mode inserted appended ~ |
| 596 Normal nothing nothing | |
| 597 Visual <C-C> <C-\><C-G> | |
| 2152 | 598 Insert <C-\><C-O> |
| 7 | 599 Cmdline <C-C> <C-\><C-G> |
| 600 Op-pending <C-C> <C-\><C-G> | |
| 601 | |
| 602 Appending CTRL-\ CTRL-G is for going back to insert mode when 'insertmode' is | |
| 603 set. |CTRL-\_CTRL-G| | |
| 604 | |
| 605 Example: > | |
| 606 | |
| 607 :amenu File.Next :next^M | |
| 608 | |
| 609 is equal to: > | |
| 610 | |
| 611 :nmenu File.Next :next^M | |
| 612 :vmenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G | |
| 2152 | 613 :imenu File.Next ^\^O:next^M |
| 7 | 614 :cmenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G |
| 615 :omenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G | |
| 616 | |
| 617 Careful: In Insert mode this only works for a SINGLE Normal mode command, | |
| 618 because of the CTRL-O. If you have two or more commands, you will need to use | |
| 619 the ":imenu" command. For inserting text in any mode, you can use the | |
| 620 expression register: > | |
| 621 | |
| 622 :amenu Insert.foobar "='foobar'<CR>P | |
| 623 | |
| 24569 | 624 The special text <Cmd> begins a "command menu", it executes the command |
| 625 directly without changing modes. Where you might use ":...<CR>" you can | |
| 626 instead use "<Cmd>...<CR>". See |<Cmd>| for more info. Example: > | |
| 627 anoremenu File.Next <Cmd>next<CR> | |
| 628 | |
| 7 | 629 Note that the '<' and 'k' flags in 'cpoptions' also apply here (when |
| 630 included they make the <> form and raw key codes not being recognized). | |
| 631 | |
| 632 Note that <Esc> in Cmdline mode executes the command, like in a mapping. This | |
| 633 is Vi compatible. Use CTRL-C to quit Cmdline mode. | |
| 634 | |
| 22441 | 635 *:nme* *:nmenu* *:nnoreme* *:nnoremenu* *:nunme* *:nunmenu* |
| 636 Menu commands starting with "n" work in Normal mode. |mapmode-n| | |
| 637 | |
| 638 *:ome* *:omenu* *:onoreme* *:onoremenu* *:ounme* *:ounmenu* | |
| 639 Menu commands starting with "o" work in Operator-pending mode. |mapmode-o| | |
| 640 | |
| 641 *:vme* *:vmenu* *:vnoreme* *:vnoremenu* *:vunme* *:vunmenu* | |
| 642 Menu commands starting with "v" work in Visual mode. |mapmode-v| | |
| 643 | |
| 644 *:xme* *:xmenu* *:xnoreme* *:xnoremenu* *:xunme* *:xunmenu* | |
| 645 Menu commands starting with "x" work in Visual and Select mode. |mapmode-x| | |
| 646 | |
| 647 *:sme* *:smenu* *:snoreme* *:snoremenu* *:sunme* *:sunmenu* | |
| 648 Menu commands starting with "s" work in Select mode. |mapmode-s| | |
| 649 | |
| 650 *:ime* *:imenu* *:inoreme* *:inoremenu* *:iunme* *:iunmenu* | |
| 651 Menu commands starting with "i" work in Insert mode. |mapmode-i| | |
| 652 | |
| 653 *:cme* *:cmenu* *:cnoreme* *:cnoremenu* *:cunme* *:cunmenu* | |
| 654 Menu commands starting with "c" work in Cmdline mode. |mapmode-c| | |
| 655 | |
| 656 *:tlm* *:tlmenu* *:tln* *:tlnoremenu* *:tlu* *:tlunmenu* | |
| 657 Menu commands starting with "tl" work in Terminal mode. |mapmode-t| | |
| 658 | |
| 7 | 659 *:menu-<silent>* *:menu-silent* |
| 660 To define a menu which will not be echoed on the command line, add | |
| 661 "<silent>" as the first argument. Example: > | |
| 662 :menu <silent> Settings.Ignore\ case :set ic<CR> | |
| 663 The ":set ic" will not be echoed when using this menu. Messages from the | |
| 664 executed command are still given though. To shut them up too, add a ":silent" | |
| 665 in the executed command: > | |
| 666 :menu <silent> Search.Header :exe ":silent normal /Header\r"<CR> | |
| 859 | 667 "<silent>" may also appear just after "<special>" or "<script>". |
| 668 | |
| 669 *:menu-<special>* *:menu-special* | |
| 670 Define a menu with <> notation for special keys, even though the "<" flag | |
| 671 may appear in 'cpoptions'. This is useful if the side effect of setting | |
| 672 'cpoptions' is not desired. Example: > | |
| 673 :menu <special> Search.Header /Header<CR> | |
| 674 "<special>" must appear as the very first argument to the ":menu" command or | |
| 675 just after "<silent>" or "<script>". | |
| 676 | |
| 7 | 677 *:menu-<script>* *:menu-script* |
| 678 The "to" part of the menu will be inspected for mappings. If you don't want | |
| 679 this, use the ":noremenu" command (or the similar one for a specific mode). | |
| 680 If you do want to use script-local mappings, add "<script>" as the very first | |
| 859 | 681 argument to the ":menu" command or just after "<silent>" or "<special>". |
| 7 | 682 |
| 683 *menu-priority* | |
| 684 You can give a priority to a menu. Menus with a higher priority go more to | |
| 685 the right. The priority is given as a number before the ":menu" command. | |
| 686 Example: > | |
| 687 :80menu Buffer.next :bn<CR> | |
| 688 | |
| 689 The default menus have these priorities: | |
| 690 File 10 | |
| 691 Edit 20 | |
| 692 Tools 40 | |
| 693 Syntax 50 | |
| 694 Buffers 60 | |
| 695 Window 70 | |
| 696 Help 9999 | |
| 697 | |
| 698 When no or zero priority is given, 500 is used. | |
| 699 The priority for the PopUp menu is not used. | |
| 700 | |
| 701 The Help menu will be placed on the far right side of the menu bar on systems | |
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702 which support this (Motif and GTK+). For GTK+ 2 and 3, this is not done |
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703 anymore because right-aligning the Help menu is now discouraged UI design. |
| 7 | 704 |
| 705 You can use a priority higher than 9999, to make it go after the Help menu, | |
| 706 but that is non-standard and is discouraged. The highest possible priority is | |
| 707 about 32000. The lowest is 1. | |
| 708 | |
| 709 *sub-menu-priority* | |
| 710 The same mechanism can be used to position a sub-menu. The priority is then | |
| 711 given as a dot-separated list of priorities, before the menu name: > | |
| 712 :menu 80.500 Buffer.next :bn<CR> | |
| 713 Giving the sub-menu priority is only needed when the item is not to be put | |
| 714 in a normal position. For example, to put a sub-menu before the other items: > | |
| 715 :menu 80.100 Buffer.first :brew<CR> | |
| 716 Or to put a sub-menu after the other items, and further items with default | |
| 717 priority will be put before it: > | |
| 718 :menu 80.900 Buffer.last :blast<CR> | |
| 719 When a number is missing, the default value 500 will be used: > | |
| 720 :menu .900 myMenu.test :echo "text"<CR> | |
| 721 The menu priority is only used when creating a new menu. When it already | |
| 722 existed, e.g., in another mode, the priority will not change. Thus, the | |
| 723 priority only needs to be given the first time a menu is used. | |
| 724 An exception is the PopUp menu. There is a separate menu for each mode | |
| 725 (Normal, Op-pending, Visual, Insert, Cmdline). The order in each of these | |
| 726 menus can be different. This is different from menu-bar menus, which have | |
| 727 the same order for all modes. | |
| 728 NOTE: sub-menu priorities currently don't work for all versions of the GUI. | |
| 729 | |
| 730 *menu-separator* *E332* | |
| 731 Menu items can be separated by a special item that inserts some space between | |
| 732 items. Depending on the system this is displayed as a line or a dotted line. | |
| 733 These items must start with a '-' and end in a '-'. The part in between is | |
| 734 used to give it a unique name. Priorities can be used as with normal items. | |
| 735 Example: > | |
| 736 :menu Example.item1 :do something | |
| 737 :menu Example.-Sep- : | |
| 738 :menu Example.item2 :do something different | |
| 739 Note that the separator also requires a rhs. It doesn't matter what it is, | |
| 740 because the item will never be selected. Use a single colon to keep it | |
| 741 simple. | |
| 742 | |
| 743 *gui-toolbar* | |
| 11 | 744 The toolbar is currently available in the Win32, Athena, Motif, GTK+ (X11), |
| 862 | 745 and Photon GUI. It should turn up in other GUIs in due course. The |
| 236 | 746 default toolbar is setup in menu.vim. |
| 747 The display of the toolbar is controlled by the 'guioptions' letter 'T'. You | |
| 7 | 748 can thus have menu & toolbar together, or either on its own, or neither. |
|
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749 The appearance is controlled by the 'toolbar' option. You can choose between |
| 7 | 750 an image, text or both. |
| 751 | |
| 752 *toolbar-icon* | |
| 753 The toolbar is defined as a special menu called ToolBar, which only has one | |
| 754 level. Vim interprets the items in this menu as follows: | |
| 755 1) If an "icon=" argument was specified, the file with this name is used. | |
| 756 The file can either be specified with the full path or with the base name. | |
| 757 In the last case it is searched for in the "bitmaps" directory in | |
| 236 | 758 'runtimepath', like in point 3. Examples: > |
| 7 | 759 :amenu icon=/usr/local/pixmaps/foo_icon.xpm ToolBar.Foo :echo "Foo"<CR> |
| 760 :amenu icon=FooIcon ToolBar.Foo :echo "Foo"<CR> | |
| 761 < Note that in the first case the extension is included, while in the second | |
| 762 case it is omitted. | |
| 763 If the file cannot be opened the next points are tried. | |
| 764 A space in the file name must be escaped with a backslash. | |
| 765 A menu priority must come _after_ the icon argument: > | |
| 766 :amenu icon=foo 1.42 ToolBar.Foo :echo "42!"<CR> | |
| 767 2) An item called 'BuiltIn##', where ## is a number, is taken as number ## of | |
| 236 | 768 the built-in bitmaps available in Vim. Currently there are 31 numbered |
| 7 | 769 from 0 to 30 which cover most common editing operations |builtin-tools|. > |
| 770 :amenu ToolBar.BuiltIn22 :call SearchNext("back")<CR> | |
| 771 3) An item with another name is first searched for in the directory | |
| 772 "bitmaps" in 'runtimepath'. If found, the bitmap file is used as the | |
| 773 toolbar button image. Note that the exact filename is OS-specific: For | |
| 774 example, under Win32 the command > | |
| 775 :amenu ToolBar.Hello :echo "hello"<CR> | |
| 776 < would find the file 'hello.bmp'. Under GTK+/X11 it is 'Hello.xpm'. With | |
| 777 GTK+ 2 the files 'Hello.png', 'Hello.xpm' and 'Hello.bmp' are checked for | |
| 778 existence, and the first one found would be used. | |
| 779 For MS-Windows and GTK+ 2 the bitmap is scaled to fit the button. For | |
| 780 MS-Windows a size of 18 by 18 pixels works best. | |
| 781 For MS-Windows the bitmap should have 16 colors with the standard palette. | |
| 782 The light grey pixels will be changed to the Window frame color and the | |
| 783 dark grey pixels to the window shadow color. More colors might also work, | |
| 784 depending on your system. | |
| 785 4) If the bitmap is still not found, Vim checks for a match against its list | |
| 786 of built-in names. Each built-in button image has a name. | |
| 787 So the command > | |
| 788 :amenu ToolBar.Open :e | |
| 789 < will show the built-in "open a file" button image if no open.bmp exists. | |
| 790 All the built-in names can be seen used in menu.vim. | |
| 791 5) If all else fails, a blank, but functioning, button is displayed. | |
| 792 | |
| 793 *builtin-tools* | |
| 794 nr Name Normal action ~ | |
| 795 00 New open new window | |
| 796 01 Open browse for file to open in current window | |
| 797 02 Save write buffer to file | |
| 798 03 Undo undo last change | |
| 799 04 Redo redo last undone change | |
| 800 05 Cut delete selected text to clipboard | |
| 801 06 Copy copy selected text to clipboard | |
| 802 07 Paste paste text from clipboard | |
| 803 08 Print print current buffer | |
| 804 09 Help open a buffer on Vim's builtin help | |
| 805 10 Find start a search command | |
| 806 11 SaveAll write all modified buffers to file | |
| 807 12 SaveSesn write session file for current situation | |
| 808 13 NewSesn write new session file | |
| 809 14 LoadSesn load session file | |
| 810 15 RunScript browse for file to run as a Vim script | |
| 811 16 Replace prompt for substitute command | |
| 812 17 WinClose close current window | |
| 813 18 WinMax make current window use many lines | |
| 814 19 WinMin make current window use few lines | |
| 815 20 WinSplit split current window | |
| 816 21 Shell start a shell | |
| 817 22 FindPrev search again, backward | |
| 818 23 FindNext search again, forward | |
| 819 24 FindHelp prompt for word to search help for | |
| 820 25 Make run make and jump to first error | |
| 821 26 TagJump jump to tag under the cursor | |
| 822 27 RunCtags build tags for files in current directory | |
| 823 28 WinVSplit split current window vertically | |
| 824 29 WinMaxWidth make current window use many columns | |
| 825 30 WinMinWidth make current window use few columns | |
| 826 | |
| 827 *hidden-menus* *win32-hidden-menus* | |
| 828 In the Win32 and GTK+ GUI, starting a menu name with ']' excludes that menu | |
| 829 from the main menu bar. You must then use the |:popup| or |:tearoff| command | |
| 830 to display it. | |
| 831 | |
| 12499 | 832 *window-toolbar* *WinBar* |
|
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833 Each window can have a local toolbar. This uses the first line of the window, |
| 12499 | 834 thus reduces the space for the text by one line. The items in the toolbar |
| 835 must start with "WinBar". | |
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836 |
| 12499 | 837 Only text can be used. When using Unicode, special characters can be used to |
|
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838 make the items look like icons. |
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839 |
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840 If the items do not fit then the last ones cannot be used. The toolbar does |
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841 not wrap. |
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842 |
| 12559 | 843 Note that Vim may be in any mode when executing these commands. The menu |
| 844 should be defined for Normal mode and will be executed without changing the | |
| 845 current mode. Thus if the current window is in Visual mode and the menu | |
| 846 command does not intentionally change the mode, Vim will remain in Visual | |
| 847 mode. Best is to use `:nnoremenu` to avoid side effects. | |
| 848 | |
|
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849 Example for debugger tools: > |
| 12559 | 850 nnoremenu 1.10 WinBar.Step :Step<CR> |
| 851 nnoremenu 1.20 WinBar.Next :Next<CR> | |
| 852 nnoremenu 1.30 WinBar.Finish :Finish<CR> | |
| 853 nnoremenu 1.40 WinBar.Cont :Continue<CR> | |
|
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854 < |
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855 The window toolbar uses the ToolbarLine and ToolbarButton highlight groups. |
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856 |
| 12499 | 857 When splitting the window the window toolbar is not copied to the new window. |
| 858 | |
| 7 | 859 *popup-menu* |
| 862 | 860 In the Win32, GTK+, Motif, Athena and Photon GUI, you can define the |
| 434 | 861 special menu "PopUp". This is the menu that is displayed when the right mouse |
| 862 button is pressed, if 'mousemodel' is set to popup or popup_setpos. | |
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863 Example: > |
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864 nnoremenu 1.40 PopUp.&Paste "+gP |
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865 menu PopUp |
| 7 | 866 |
| 867 | |
| 868 5.3 Showing What Menus Are Mapped To *showing-menus* | |
| 869 | |
| 870 To see what an existing menu is mapped to, use just one argument after the | |
| 871 menu commands (just like you would with the ":map" commands). If the menu | |
| 872 specified is a submenu, then all menus under that hierarchy will be shown. | |
| 873 If no argument is given after :menu at all, then ALL menu items are shown | |
| 236 | 874 for the appropriate mode (e.g., Command-line mode for :cmenu). |
| 7 | 875 |
| 876 Special characters in the list, just before the rhs: | |
| 877 * The menu was defined with "nore" to disallow remapping. | |
| 878 & The menu was defined with "<script>" to allow remapping script-local | |
| 879 mappings only. | |
| 19721 | 880 s The menu was defined with "<silent>" to avoid showing what it is |
| 881 mapped to when triggered. | |
| 7 | 882 - The menu was disabled. |
| 883 | |
| 884 Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after a menu command may | |
| 885 be used to complete the name of the menu item. | |
| 886 | |
| 887 | |
| 888 5.4 Executing Menus *execute-menus* | |
| 889 | |
| 890 *:em* *:emenu* *E334* *E335* | |
| 891 :[range]em[enu] {menu} Execute {menu} from the command line. | |
| 892 The default is to execute the Normal mode | |
| 893 menu. If a range is specified, it executes | |
| 894 the Visual mode menu. | |
| 895 If used from <c-o>, it executes the | |
| 896 insert-mode menu Eg: > | |
| 897 :emenu File.Exit | |
| 898 | |
|
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899 :[range]em[enu] {mode} {menu} Like above, but execute the menu for {mode}: |
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900 'n': |:nmenu| Normal mode |
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901 'v': |:vmenu| Visual mode |
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902 's': |:smenu| Select mode |
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903 'o': |:omenu| Operator-pending mode |
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904 't': |:tlmenu| Terminal mode |
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905 'i': |:imenu| Insert mode |
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906 'c': |:cmenu| Cmdline mode |
| 15033 | 907 |
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908 |
| 7 | 909 If the console-mode vim has been compiled with WANT_MENU defined, you can |
| 910 use :emenu to access useful menu items you may have got used to from GUI | |
| 911 mode. See 'wildmenu' for an option that works well with this. See | |
| 912 |console-menus| for an example. | |
| 913 | |
| 914 When using a range, if the lines match with '<,'>, then the menu is executed | |
| 915 using the last visual selection. | |
| 916 | |
| 917 | |
| 918 5.5 Deleting Menus *delete-menus* | |
| 919 | |
| 920 *:unme* *:unmenu* | |
| 921 *:aun* *:aunmenu* | |
| 922 To delete a menu item or a whole submenu, use the unmenu commands, which are | |
| 923 analogous to the unmap commands. Eg: > | |
| 924 :unmenu! Edit.Paste | |
| 925 | |
| 926 This will remove the Paste item from the Edit menu for Insert and | |
| 927 Command-line modes. | |
| 928 | |
| 929 Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after an umenu command | |
| 930 may be used to complete the name of the menu item for the appropriate mode. | |
| 931 | |
| 932 To remove all menus use: *:unmenu-all* > | |
| 933 :unmenu * " remove all menus in Normal and visual mode | |
| 934 :unmenu! * " remove all menus in Insert and Command-line mode | |
|
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935 :aunmenu * " remove all menus in all modes, except for Terminal |
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936 " mode |
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937 :tlunmenu * " remove all menus in Terminal mode |
| 7 | 938 |
| 939 If you want to get rid of the menu bar: > | |
| 940 :set guioptions-=m | |
| 941 | |
| 942 | |
| 943 5.6 Disabling Menus *disable-menus* | |
| 944 | |
| 945 *:menu-disable* *:menu-enable* | |
| 946 If you do not want to remove a menu, but disable it for a moment, this can be | |
| 947 done by adding the "enable" or "disable" keyword to a ":menu" command. | |
| 948 Examples: > | |
| 949 :menu disable &File.&Open\.\.\. | |
| 950 :amenu enable * | |
| 951 :amenu disable &Tools.* | |
| 952 | |
| 953 The command applies to the modes as used with all menu commands. Note that | |
| 954 characters like "&" need to be included for translated names to be found. | |
| 955 When the argument is "*", all menus are affected. Otherwise the given menu | |
| 956 name and all existing submenus below it are affected. | |
| 957 | |
| 958 | |
| 959 5.7 Examples for Menus *menu-examples* | |
| 960 | |
| 961 Here is an example on how to add menu items with menu's! You can add a menu | |
| 962 item for the keyword under the cursor. The register "z" is used. > | |
| 963 | |
| 964 :nmenu Words.Add\ Var wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR> | |
| 965 :nmenu Words.Remove\ Var wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR> | |
| 966 :vmenu Words.Add\ Var "zy:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z <CR> | |
| 967 :vmenu Words.Remove\ Var "zy:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR> | |
| 968 :imenu Words.Add\ Var <Esc>wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>a | |
| 969 :imenu Words.Remove\ Var <Esc>wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>a | |
| 970 | |
| 971 (the rhs is in <> notation, you can copy/paste this text to try out the | |
| 972 mappings, or put these lines in your gvimrc; "<C-R>" is CTRL-R, "<CR>" is | |
| 973 the <CR> key. |<>|) | |
| 974 | |
|
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975 *tooltips* *menu-tips* |
| 7 | 976 5.8 Tooltips & Menu tips |
| 977 | |
| 978 See section |42.4| in the user manual. | |
| 979 | |
| 980 *:tmenu* *:tm* | |
| 981 :tm[enu] {menupath} {rhs} Define a tip for a menu or tool. {only in | |
| 982 X11 and Win32 GUI} | |
| 983 | |
| 984 :tm[enu] [menupath] List menu tips. {only in X11 and Win32 GUI} | |
| 985 | |
| 986 *:tunmenu* *:tu* | |
| 987 :tu[nmenu] {menupath} Remove a tip for a menu or tool. | |
| 988 {only in X11 and Win32 GUI} | |
| 989 | |
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990 Note: To create menus for terminal mode, use |:tlmenu| instead. |
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991 |
| 7 | 992 When a tip is defined for a menu item, it appears in the command-line area |
| 993 when the mouse is over that item, much like a standard Windows menu hint in | |
| 236 | 994 the status bar. (Except when Vim is in Command-line mode, when of course |
| 7 | 995 nothing is displayed.) |
| 996 When a tip is defined for a ToolBar item, it appears as a tooltip when the | |
| 997 mouse pauses over that button, in the usual fashion. Use the |hl-Tooltip| | |
| 998 highlight group to change its colors. | |
| 999 | |
| 1000 A "tip" can be defined for each menu item. For example, when defining a menu | |
| 1001 item like this: > | |
| 1002 :amenu MyMenu.Hello :echo "Hello"<CR> | |
| 1003 The tip is defined like this: > | |
| 1004 :tmenu MyMenu.Hello Displays a greeting. | |
| 1005 And delete it with: > | |
| 1006 :tunmenu MyMenu.Hello | |
| 1007 | |
| 236 | 1008 Tooltips are currently only supported for the X11 and Win32 GUI. However, they |
| 7 | 1009 should appear for the other gui platforms in the not too distant future. |
| 1010 | |
| 1011 The ":tmenu" command works just like other menu commands, it uses the same | |
| 1012 arguments. ":tunmenu" deletes an existing menu tip, in the same way as the | |
| 1013 other unmenu commands. | |
| 1014 | |
| 1015 If a menu item becomes invalid (i.e. its actions in all modes are deleted) Vim | |
| 1016 deletes the menu tip (and the item) for you. This means that :aunmenu deletes | |
| 1017 a menu item - you don't need to do a :tunmenu as well. | |
| 1018 | |
| 1019 | |
| 1020 5.9 Popup Menus | |
| 1021 | |
| 1022 In the Win32 and GTK+ GUI, you can cause a menu to popup at the cursor. | |
| 1023 This behaves similarly to the PopUp menus except that any menu tree can | |
| 1024 be popped up. | |
| 1025 | |
| 1026 This command is for backwards compatibility, using it is discouraged, because | |
| 1027 it behaves in a strange way. | |
| 1028 | |
| 1029 *:popup* *:popu* | |
| 1030 :popu[p] {name} Popup the menu {name}. The menu named must | |
| 1031 have at least one subentry, but need not | |
| 1032 appear on the menu-bar (see |hidden-menus|). | |
| 13437 | 1033 {only available for Win32 and GTK GUI or in |
| 17909 | 1034 the terminal} |
| 7 | 1035 |
| 398 | 1036 :popu[p]! {name} Like above, but use the position of the mouse |
| 1037 pointer instead of the cursor. | |
| 13437 | 1038 In the terminal this is the last known |
| 1039 position, which is usually at the last click | |
| 14006 | 1040 or release (mouse movement is irrelevant). |
| 398 | 1041 |
| 7 | 1042 Example: > |
| 1043 :popup File | |
| 398 | 1044 will make the "File" menu (if there is one) appear at the text cursor (mouse |
| 1045 pointer if ! was used). > | |
| 7 | 1046 |
| 1047 :amenu ]Toolbar.Make :make<CR> | |
| 1048 :popup ]Toolbar | |
| 1049 This creates a popup menu that doesn't exist on the main menu-bar. | |
| 1050 | |
| 13437 | 1051 Note that in the GUI the :popup command will return immediately, before a |
| 1052 selection has been made. In the terminal the commands waits for the user to | |
| 1053 make a selection. | |
| 1054 | |
| 7 | 1055 Note that a menu that starts with ']' will not be displayed. |
| 1056 | |
| 1057 ============================================================================== | |
|
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1058 6. Font |
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1059 |
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1060 This section describes font related options. |
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1061 |
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1062 GUIFONT *gui-font* |
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1063 |
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1064 'guifont' is the option that tells Vim what font to use. In its simplest form |
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1065 the value is just one font name. It can also be a list of font names |
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1066 separated with commas. The first valid font is used. When no valid font can |
| 16808 | 1067 be found you will get an error message. |
|
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1068 |
|
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1069 On systems where 'guifontset' is supported (X11) and 'guifontset' is not |
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1070 empty, then 'guifont' is not used. See |xfontset|. |
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1071 |
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1072 Note: As to the GTK GUIs, no error is given against any invalid names, and the |
|
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1073 first element of the list is always picked up and made use of. This is |
|
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1074 because, instead of identifying a given name with a font, the GTK GUIs use it |
|
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|
1075 to construct a pattern and try to look up a font which best matches the |
|
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1076 pattern among available fonts, and this way, the matching never fails. An |
|
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1077 invalid name doesn't matter because a number of font properties other than |
|
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|
1078 name will do to get the matching done. |
|
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1079 |
|
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1080 Spaces after a comma are ignored. To include a comma in a font name precede |
|
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1081 it with a backslash. Setting an option requires an extra backslash before a |
|
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1082 space and a backslash. See also |option-backslash|. For example: > |
|
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1083 :set guifont=Screen15,\ 7x13,font\\,with\\,commas |
|
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1084 will make Vim try to use the font "Screen15" first, and if it fails it will |
|
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1085 try to use "7x13" and then "font,with,commas" instead. |
|
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1086 |
|
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1087 If none of the fonts can be loaded, Vim will keep the current setting. If an |
|
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1088 empty font list is given, Vim will try using other resource settings (for X, |
|
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1089 it will use the Vim.font resource), and finally it will try some builtin |
|
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1090 default which should always be there ("7x13" in the case of X). The font |
|
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1091 names given should be "normal" fonts. Vim will try to find the related bold |
|
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1092 and italic fonts. |
|
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1093 |
|
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1094 For Win32, GTK, Motif, Mac OS and Photon: > |
|
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1095 :set guifont=* |
|
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1096 will bring up a font requester, where you can pick the font you want. |
|
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1097 |
|
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1098 The font name depends on the GUI used. See |setting-guifont| for a way to set |
|
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|
1099 'guifont' for various systems. |
|
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1100 |
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1101 For the GTK+ 2 and 3 GUIs, the font name looks like this: > |
|
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1102 :set guifont=Andale\ Mono\ 11 |
|
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1103 That's all. XLFDs are not used. For Chinese this is reported to work well: > |
|
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1104 if has("gui_gtk2") |
|
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1105 set guifont=Bitstream\ Vera\ Sans\ Mono\ 12,Fixed\ 12 |
|
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1106 set guifontwide=Microsoft\ Yahei\ 12,WenQuanYi\ Zen\ Hei\ 12 |
|
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1107 endif |
|
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1108 < |
|
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1109 (Replace gui_gtk2 with gui_gtk3 for the GTK+ 3 GUI) |
|
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1110 |
|
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1111 For Mac OSX you can use something like this: > |
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1112 :set guifont=Monaco:h10 |
| 21825 | 1113 |
| 1114 Mono-spaced fonts *E236* | |
| 1115 | |
|
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1116 Note that the fonts must be mono-spaced (all characters have the same width). |
|
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1117 An exception is GTK: all fonts are accepted, but mono-spaced fonts look best. |
|
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1118 |
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1119 To preview a font on X11, you might be able to use the "xfontsel" program. |
|
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1120 The "xlsfonts" program gives a list of all available fonts. |
|
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1121 |
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1122 For the Win32 GUI *E244* *E245* |
|
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1123 - Takes these options in the font name (use a ':' to separate the options): |
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1124 hXX - height is XX (points, can be floating-point) |
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1125 wXX - width is XX (points, can be floating-point) |
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1126 WXX - weight is XX (see Note on Weights below) |
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1127 b - bold. This is equivalent to setting the weight to 700. |
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1128 i - italic |
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1129 u - underline |
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1130 s - strikeout |
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1131 cXX - character set XX. Valid charsets are: ANSI, ARABIC, BALTIC, |
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1132 CHINESEBIG5, DEFAULT, EASTEUROPE, GB2312, GREEK, HANGEUL, |
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1133 HEBREW, JOHAB, MAC, OEM, RUSSIAN, SHIFTJIS, SYMBOL, THAI, |
| 16808 | 1134 TURKISH and VIETNAMESE. Normally you would use "cDEFAULT". |
|
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1135 qXX - quality XX. Valid quality names are: PROOF, DRAFT, ANTIALIASED, |
| 16808 | 1136 NONANTIALIASED, CLEARTYPE and DEFAULT. Normally you would use |
|
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1137 "qDEFAULT". |
|
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1138 Some quality values are not supported in legacy OSs. |
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1139 - A '_' can be used in the place of a space, so you don't need to use |
|
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1140 backslashes to escape the spaces. |
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1141 Examples: > |
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1142 :set guifont=courier_new:h12:w5:b:cRUSSIAN |
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1143 :set guifont=Andale_Mono:h7.5:w4.5 |
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1144 |
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1145 See also |font-sizes|. |
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1146 |
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1147 Note on Weights: Fonts often come with a variety of weights. "Normal" weights |
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1148 in Windows have a value of 400 and, left unspecified, this is the value that |
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1149 will be used when attempting to find fonts. Windows will often match fonts |
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1150 based on their weight with higher priority than the font name which means a |
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1151 Book or Medium variant of a font might be used despite specifying a Light or |
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1152 ExtraLight variant. If you are experiencing heavier weight substitution, then |
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1153 explicitly setting a lower weight value may mitigate against this unwanted |
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1154 substitution. |
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1155 |
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1156 |
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1157 GUIFONTWIDE *gui-fontwide* |
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1158 |
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1159 When not empty, 'guifontwide' specifies a comma-separated list of fonts to be |
| 16808 | 1160 used for double-width characters. The first font that can be loaded is used. |
|
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1161 |
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1162 Note: The size of these fonts must be exactly twice as wide as the one |
| 16808 | 1163 specified with 'guifont' and the same height. If there is a mismatch then the |
| 1164 text will not be drawn correctly. | |
|
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1165 |
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1166 All GUI versions but GTK+: |
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1167 |
| 16808 | 1168 'guifontwide' is only used when 'encoding' is set to "utf-8" and 'guifontset' |
| 1169 is empty or invalid. | |
| 1170 When 'guifont' is set and a valid font is found in it and 'guifontwide' is | |
| 1171 empty Vim will attempt to find a matching double-width font and set | |
| 1172 'guifontwide' to it. | |
|
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1173 |
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1174 GTK+ GUI only: *guifontwide_gtk* |
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patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1175 |
| 16808 | 1176 If set and valid, 'guifontwide' is always used for double width characters, |
| 1177 even if 'encoding' is not set to "utf-8". | |
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patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1178 Vim does not attempt to find an appropriate value for 'guifontwide' |
| 16808 | 1179 automatically. If 'guifontwide' is empty Pango/Xft will choose the font for |
| 1180 characters not available in 'guifont'. Thus you do not need to set | |
| 1181 'guifontwide' at all unless you want to override the choice made by Pango/Xft. | |
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patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1182 |
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patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1183 Windows +multibyte only: *guifontwide_win_mbyte* |
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9d20e26dc13c
patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1184 |
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9d20e26dc13c
patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1185 If set and valid, 'guifontwide' is used for IME instead of 'guifont'. |
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9d20e26dc13c
patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1186 |
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patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1187 ============================================================================== |
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patch 8.1.1224: MS-Windows: cannot specify font weight
Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
parents:
15375
diff
changeset
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1188 7. Extras *gui-extras* |
| 7 | 1189 |
| 1190 This section describes other features which are related to the GUI. | |
| 1191 | |
| 1192 - With the GUI, there is no wait for one second after hitting escape, because | |
| 1193 the key codes don't start with <Esc>. | |
| 1194 | |
| 1195 - Typing ^V followed by a special key in the GUI will insert "<Key>", since | |
| 1196 the internal string used is meaningless. Modifiers may also be held down to | |
| 1197 get "<Modifiers-Key>". | |
| 1198 | |
| 1199 - In the GUI, the modifiers SHIFT, CTRL, and ALT (or META) may be used within | |
| 16808 | 1200 mappings of special keys and mouse events. |
| 1201 E.g.: :map <M-LeftDrag> <LeftDrag> | |
| 7 | 1202 |
| 1203 - In the GUI, several normal keys may have modifiers in mappings etc, these | |
| 1204 are <Space>, <Tab>, <NL>, <CR>, <Esc>. | |
| 1205 | |
| 1206 - To check in a Vim script if the GUI is being used, you can use something | |
| 1207 like this: > | |
| 1208 | |
| 1209 if has("gui_running") | |
| 1210 echo "yes, we have a GUI" | |
| 1211 else | |
| 1212 echo "Boring old console" | |
| 1213 endif | |
| 8 | 1214 < *setting-guifont* |
| 1215 - When you use the same vimrc file on various systems, you can use something | |
| 1216 like this to set options specifically for each type of GUI: > | |
| 1217 | |
| 1218 if has("gui_running") | |
| 1219 if has("gui_gtk2") | |
| 1220 :set guifont=Luxi\ Mono\ 12 | |
| 1221 elseif has("x11") | |
| 1222 " Also for GTK 1 | |
| 1223 :set guifont=*-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-*-*-180-*-*-m-*-* | |
| 1224 elseif has("gui_win32") | |
| 1225 :set guifont=Luxi_Mono:h12:cANSI | |
| 1226 endif | |
| 1227 endif | |
| 7 | 1228 |
| 678 | 1229 A recommended Japanese font is MS Mincho. You can find info here: |
| 1230 http://www.lexikan.com/mincho.htm | |
| 1231 | |
| 7 | 1232 ============================================================================== |
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parents:
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diff
changeset
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1233 8. Shell Commands *gui-shell* |
| 7 | 1234 |
| 1235 For the X11 GUI the external commands are executed inside the gvim window. | |
| 1236 See |gui-pty|. | |
| 1237 | |
| 16808 | 1238 WARNING: Executing an external command from the X11 GUI will not always work. |
| 1239 "normal" commands like "ls", "grep" and "make" mostly work fine. | |
| 7 | 1240 Commands that require an intelligent terminal like "less" and "ispell" won't |
| 1241 work. Some may even hang and need to be killed from another terminal. So be | |
| 1242 careful! | |
| 1243 | |
| 1244 For the Win32 GUI the external commands are executed in a separate window. | |
| 1245 See |gui-shell-win32|. | |
| 1246 | |
| 14421 | 1247 vim:tw=78:sw=4:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl: |