301
|
1 *syntax.txt* For Vim version 7.0aa. Last change: 2005 Jun 03
|
7
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7 Syntax highlighting *syntax* *syntax-highlighting* *coloring*
|
|
8
|
|
9 Syntax highlighting enables Vim to show parts of the text in another font or
|
|
10 color. Those parts can be specific keywords or text matching a pattern. Vim
|
|
11 doesn't parse the whole file (to keep it fast), so the highlighting has its
|
|
12 limitations. Lexical highlighting might be a better name, but since everybody
|
|
13 calls it syntax highlighting we'll stick with that.
|
|
14
|
|
15 Vim supports syntax highlighting on all terminals. But since most ordinary
|
|
16 terminals have very limited highlighting possibilities, it works best in the
|
|
17 GUI version, gvim.
|
|
18
|
|
19 In the User Manual:
|
|
20 |usr_06.txt| introduces syntax highlighting.
|
|
21 |usr_44.txt| introduces writing a syntax file.
|
|
22
|
|
23 1. Quick start |:syn-qstart|
|
|
24 2. Syntax files |:syn-files|
|
|
25 3. Syntax loading procedure |syntax-loading|
|
|
26 4. Syntax file remarks |:syn-file-remarks|
|
|
27 5. Defining a syntax |:syn-define|
|
|
28 6. :syntax arguments |:syn-arguments|
|
|
29 7. Syntax patterns |:syn-pattern|
|
|
30 8. Syntax clusters |:syn-cluster|
|
|
31 9. Including syntax files |:syn-include|
|
|
32 10. Synchronizing |:syn-sync|
|
|
33 11. Listing syntax items |:syntax|
|
|
34 12. Highlight command |:highlight|
|
|
35 13. Linking groups |:highlight-link|
|
|
36 14. Cleaning up |:syn-clear|
|
|
37 15. Highlighting tags |tag-highlight|
|
|
38 16. Color xterms |xterm-color|
|
|
39
|
|
40 {Vi does not have any of these commands}
|
|
41
|
|
42 Syntax highlighting is not available when the |+syntax| feature has been
|
|
43 disabled at compile time.
|
|
44
|
|
45 ==============================================================================
|
|
46 1. Quick start *:syn-qstart*
|
|
47
|
|
48 *:syn-enable* *:syntax-enable*
|
|
49 This command switches on syntax highlighting: >
|
|
50
|
|
51 :syntax enable
|
|
52
|
|
53 What this command actually does is to execute the command >
|
|
54 :source $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/syntax.vim
|
|
55
|
|
56 If the VIM environment variable is not set, Vim will try to find
|
|
57 the path in another way (see |$VIMRUNTIME|). Usually this works just
|
|
58 fine. If it doesn't, try setting the VIM environment variable to the
|
|
59 directory where the Vim stuff is located. For example, if your syntax files
|
|
60 are in the "/usr/vim/vim50/syntax" directory, set $VIMRUNTIME to
|
|
61 "/usr/vim/vim50". You must do this in the shell, before starting Vim.
|
|
62
|
|
63 *:syn-on* *:syntax-on*
|
|
64 The ":syntax enable" command will keep your current color settings. This
|
|
65 allows using ":highlight" commands to set your preferred colors before or
|
|
66 after using this command. If you want Vim to overrule your settings with the
|
|
67 defaults, use: >
|
|
68 :syntax on
|
|
69 <
|
|
70 *:hi-normal* *:highlight-normal*
|
|
71 If you are running in the GUI, you can get white text on a black background
|
|
72 with: >
|
|
73 :highlight Normal guibg=Black guifg=White
|
|
74 For a color terminal see |:hi-normal-cterm|.
|
|
75 For setting up your own colors syntax highlighting see |syncolor|.
|
|
76
|
|
77 NOTE: The syntax files on MS-DOS and Windows have lines that end in <CR><NL>.
|
|
78 The files for Unix end in <NL>. This means you should use the right type of
|
|
79 file for your system. Although on MS-DOS and Windows the right format is
|
|
80 automatically selected if the 'fileformats' option is not empty.
|
|
81
|
|
82 NOTE: When using reverse video ("gvim -fg white -bg black"), the default value
|
|
83 of 'background' will not be set until the GUI window is opened, which is after
|
|
84 reading the .gvimrc. This will cause the wrong default highlighting to be
|
|
85 used. To set the default value of 'background' before switching on
|
|
86 highlighting, include the ":gui" command in the .gvimrc: >
|
|
87
|
|
88 :gui " open window and set default for 'background'
|
|
89 :syntax on " start highlighting, use 'background' to set colors
|
|
90
|
|
91 NOTE: Using ":gui" in the .gvimrc means that "gvim -f" won't start in the
|
|
92 foreground! Use ":gui -f" then.
|
|
93
|
|
94
|
|
95 You can toggle the syntax on/off with this command >
|
|
96 :if exists("syntax_on") | syntax off | else | syntax enable | endif
|
|
97
|
|
98 To put this into a mapping, you can use: >
|
|
99 :map <F7> :if exists("syntax_on") <Bar>
|
|
100 \ syntax off <Bar>
|
|
101 \ else <Bar>
|
|
102 \ syntax enable <Bar>
|
|
103 \ endif <CR>
|
|
104 [using the |<>| notation, type this literally]
|
|
105
|
|
106 Details
|
|
107 The ":syntax" commands are implemented by sourcing a file. To see exactly how
|
|
108 this works, look in the file:
|
|
109 command file ~
|
|
110 :syntax enable $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/syntax.vim
|
|
111 :syntax on $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/syntax.vim
|
|
112 :syntax manual $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/manual.vim
|
|
113 :syntax off $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/nosyntax.vim
|
|
114 Also see |syntax-loading|.
|
|
115
|
|
116 ==============================================================================
|
|
117 2. Syntax files *:syn-files*
|
|
118
|
|
119 The syntax and highlighting commands for one language are normally stored in
|
|
120 a syntax file. The name convention is: "{name}.vim". Where {name} is the
|
|
121 name of the language, or an abbreviation (to fit the name in 8.3 characters,
|
|
122 a requirement in case the file is used on a DOS filesystem).
|
|
123 Examples:
|
|
124 c.vim perl.vim java.vim html.vim
|
|
125 cpp.vim sh.vim csh.vim
|
|
126
|
|
127 The syntax file can contain any Ex commands, just like a vimrc file. But
|
|
128 the idea is that only commands for a specific language are included. When a
|
|
129 language is a superset of another language, it may include the other one,
|
|
130 for example, the cpp.vim file could include the c.vim file: >
|
|
131 :so $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/c.vim
|
|
132
|
|
133 The .vim files are normally loaded with an autocommand. For example: >
|
|
134 :au Syntax c runtime! syntax/c.vim
|
|
135 :au Syntax cpp runtime! syntax/cpp.vim
|
|
136 These commands are normally in the file $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/synload.vim.
|
|
137
|
|
138
|
|
139 MAKING YOUR OWN SYNTAX FILES *mysyntaxfile*
|
|
140
|
|
141 When you create your own syntax files, and you want to have Vim use these
|
|
142 automatically with ":syntax enable", do this:
|
|
143
|
|
144 1. Create your user runtime directory. You would normally use the first item
|
|
145 of the 'runtimepath' option. Example for Unix: >
|
|
146 mkdir ~/.vim
|
|
147
|
|
148 2. Create a directory in there called "syntax". For Unix: >
|
|
149 mkdir ~/.vim/syntax
|
|
150
|
|
151 3. Write the Vim syntax file. Or download one from the internet. Then write
|
|
152 it in your syntax directory. For example, for the "mine" syntax: >
|
|
153 :w ~/.vim/syntax/mine.vim
|
|
154
|
|
155 Now you can start using your syntax file manually: >
|
|
156 :set syntax=mine
|
|
157 You don't have to exit Vim to use this.
|
|
158
|
|
159 If you also want Vim to detect the type of file, see |new-filetype|.
|
|
160
|
|
161 If you are setting up a system with many users and you don't want each user
|
|
162 to add the same syntax file, you can use another directory from 'runtimepath'.
|
|
163
|
|
164
|
|
165 ADDING TO AN EXISTING SYNTAX FILE *mysyntaxfile-add*
|
|
166
|
|
167 If you are mostly satisfied with an existing syntax file, but would like to
|
|
168 add a few items or change the highlighting, follow these steps:
|
|
169
|
|
170 1. Create your user directory from 'runtimepath', see above.
|
|
171
|
|
172 2. Create a directory in there called "after/syntax". For Unix: >
|
|
173 mkdir ~/.vim/after
|
|
174 mkdir ~/.vim/after/syntax
|
|
175
|
|
176 3. Write a Vim script that contains the commands you want to use. For
|
|
177 example, to change the colors for the C syntax: >
|
|
178 highlight cComment ctermfg=Green guifg=Green
|
|
179
|
|
180 4. Write that file in the "after/syntax" directory. Use the name of the
|
|
181 syntax, with ".vim" added. For our C syntax: >
|
|
182 :w ~/.vim/after/syntax/c.vim
|
|
183
|
|
184 That's it. The next time you edit a C file the Comment color will be
|
|
185 different. You don't even have to restart Vim.
|
|
186
|
169
|
187 If you have multiple files, you can use the filetype as the directory name.
|
|
188 All the "*.vim" files in this directory will be used, for example:
|
|
189 ~/.vim/after/syntax/c/one.vim
|
|
190 ~/.vim/after/syntax/c/two.vim
|
|
191
|
7
|
192
|
|
193 REPLACING AN EXISTING SYNTAX FILE *mysyntaxfile-replace*
|
|
194
|
|
195 If you don't like a distributed syntax file, or you have downloaded a new
|
|
196 version, follow the same steps as for |mysyntaxfile| above. Just make sure
|
|
197 that you write the syntax file in a directory that is early in 'runtimepath'.
|
|
198 Vim will only load the first syntax file found.
|
|
199
|
|
200
|
|
201 NAMING CONVENTIONS
|
|
202 *group-name* *{group-name}* *E669* *W18*
|
|
203 The name for a highlight or syntax group must consist of ASCII letters, digits
|
|
204 and the underscore. As a regexp: "[a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
|
|
205
|
|
206 To be able to allow each user to pick his favorite set of colors, there must
|
|
207 be preferred names for highlight groups that are common for many languages.
|
|
208 These are the suggested group names (if syntax highlighting works properly
|
|
209 you can see the actual color, except for "Ignore"):
|
|
210
|
|
211 *Comment any comment
|
|
212
|
|
213 *Constant any constant
|
|
214 String a string constant: "this is a string"
|
|
215 Character a character constant: 'c', '\n'
|
|
216 Number a number constant: 234, 0xff
|
|
217 Boolean a boolean constant: TRUE, false
|
|
218 Float a floating point constant: 2.3e10
|
|
219
|
|
220 *Identifier any variable name
|
|
221 Function function name (also: methods for classes)
|
|
222
|
|
223 *Statement any statement
|
|
224 Conditional if, then, else, endif, switch, etc.
|
|
225 Repeat for, do, while, etc.
|
|
226 Label case, default, etc.
|
|
227 Operator "sizeof", "+", "*", etc.
|
|
228 Keyword any other keyword
|
|
229 Exception try, catch, throw
|
|
230
|
|
231 *PreProc generic Preprocessor
|
|
232 Include preprocessor #include
|
|
233 Define preprocessor #define
|
|
234 Macro same as Define
|
|
235 PreCondit preprocessor #if, #else, #endif, etc.
|
|
236
|
|
237 *Type int, long, char, etc.
|
|
238 StorageClass static, register, volatile, etc.
|
|
239 Structure struct, union, enum, etc.
|
|
240 Typedef A typedef
|
|
241
|
|
242 *Special any special symbol
|
|
243 SpecialChar special character in a constant
|
|
244 Tag you can use CTRL-] on this
|
|
245 Delimiter character that needs attention
|
|
246 SpecialComment special things inside a comment
|
|
247 Debug debugging statements
|
|
248
|
|
249 *Underlined text that stands out, HTML links
|
|
250
|
|
251 *Ignore left blank, hidden
|
|
252
|
|
253 *Error any erroneous construct
|
|
254
|
|
255 *Todo anything that needs extra attention; mostly the
|
|
256 keywords TODO FIXME and XXX
|
|
257
|
|
258 The names marked with * are the preferred groups; the others are minor groups.
|
|
259 For the preferred groups, the "syntax.vim" file contains default highlighting.
|
|
260 The minor groups are linked to the preferred groups, so they get the same
|
|
261 highlighting. You can override these defaults by using ":highlight" commands
|
|
262 after sourcing the "syntax.vim" file.
|
|
263
|
|
264 Note that highlight group names are not case sensitive. "String" and "string"
|
|
265 can be used for the same group.
|
|
266
|
|
267 The following names are reserved and cannot be used as a group name:
|
|
268 NONE ALL ALLBUT contains contained
|
|
269
|
|
270 ==============================================================================
|
|
271 3. Syntax loading procedure *syntax-loading*
|
|
272
|
|
273 This explains the details that happen when the command ":syntax enable" is
|
|
274 issued. When Vim initializes itself, it finds out where the runtime files are
|
|
275 located. This is used here as the variable |$VIMRUNTIME|.
|
|
276
|
|
277 ":syntax enable" and ":syntax on" do the following:
|
|
278
|
|
279 Source $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/syntax.vim
|
|
280 |
|
|
281 +- Clear out any old syntax by sourcing $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/nosyntax.vim
|
|
282 |
|
|
283 +- Source first syntax/synload.vim in 'runtimepath'
|
|
284 | |
|
|
285 | +- Setup the colors for syntax highlighting. If a color scheme is
|
|
286 | | defined it is loaded again with ":colors {name}". Otherwise
|
|
287 | | ":runtime! syntax/syncolor.vim" is used. ":syntax on" overrules
|
|
288 | | existing colors, ":syntax enable" only sets groups that weren't
|
|
289 | | set yet.
|
|
290 | |
|
|
291 | +- Set up syntax autocmds to load the appropriate syntax file when
|
|
292 | | the 'syntax' option is set. *synload-1*
|
|
293 | |
|
|
294 | +- Source the user's optional file, from the |mysyntaxfile| variable.
|
|
295 | This is for backwards compatibility with Vim 5.x only. *synload-2*
|
|
296 |
|
|
297 +- Do ":filetype on", which does ":runtime! filetype.vim". It loads any
|
|
298 | filetype.vim files found. It should always Source
|
|
299 | $VIMRUNTIME/filetype.vim, which does the following.
|
|
300 | |
|
|
301 | +- Install autocmds based on suffix to set the 'filetype' option
|
|
302 | | This is where the connection between file name and file type is
|
|
303 | | made for known file types. *synload-3*
|
|
304 | |
|
|
305 | +- Source the user's optional file, from the *myfiletypefile*
|
|
306 | | variable. This is for backwards compatibility with Vim 5.x only.
|
|
307 | | *synload-4*
|
|
308 | |
|
|
309 | +- Install one autocommand which sources scripts.vim when no file
|
|
310 | | type was detected yet. *synload-5*
|
|
311 | |
|
|
312 | +- Source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim, to setup the Syntax menu. |menu.vim|
|
|
313 |
|
|
314 +- Install a FileType autocommand to set the 'syntax' option when a file
|
|
315 | type has been detected. *synload-6*
|
|
316 |
|
|
317 +- Execute syntax autocommands to start syntax highlighting for each
|
|
318 already loaded buffer.
|
|
319
|
|
320
|
|
321 Upon loading a file, Vim finds the relevant syntax file as follows:
|
|
322
|
|
323 Loading the file triggers the BufReadPost autocommands.
|
|
324 |
|
|
325 +- If there is a match with one of the autocommands from |synload-3|
|
|
326 | (known file types) or |synload-4| (user's file types), the 'filetype'
|
|
327 | option is set to the file type.
|
|
328 |
|
|
329 +- The autocommand at |synload-5| is triggered. If the file type was not
|
|
330 | found yet, then scripts.vim is searched for in 'runtimepath'. This
|
|
331 | should always load $VIMRUNTIME/scripts.vim, which does the following.
|
|
332 | |
|
|
333 | +- Source the user's optional file, from the *myscriptsfile*
|
|
334 | | variable. This is for backwards compatibility with Vim 5.x only.
|
|
335 | |
|
|
336 | +- If the file type is still unknown, check the contents of the file,
|
|
337 | again with checks like "getline(1) =~ pattern" as to whether the
|
|
338 | file type can be recognized, and set 'filetype'.
|
|
339 |
|
|
340 +- When the file type was determined and 'filetype' was set, this
|
|
341 | triggers the FileType autocommand |synload-6| above. It sets
|
|
342 | 'syntax' to the determined file type.
|
|
343 |
|
|
344 +- When the 'syntax' option was set above, this triggers an autocommand
|
|
345 | from |synload-1| (and |synload-2|). This find the main syntax file in
|
|
346 | 'runtimepath', with this command:
|
|
347 | runtime! syntax/<name>.vim
|
|
348 |
|
|
349 +- Any other user installed FileType or Syntax autocommands are
|
|
350 triggered. This can be used to change the highlighting for a specific
|
|
351 syntax.
|
|
352
|
|
353 ==============================================================================
|
|
354 4. Syntax file remarks *:syn-file-remarks*
|
|
355
|
|
356 *b:current_syntax-variable*
|
|
357 Vim stores the name of the syntax that has been loaded in the
|
|
358 "b:current_syntax" variable. You can use this if you want to load other
|
|
359 settings, depending on which syntax is active. Example: >
|
|
360 :au BufReadPost * if b:current_syntax == "csh"
|
|
361 :au BufReadPost * do-some-things
|
|
362 :au BufReadPost * endif
|
|
363
|
|
364
|
|
365 2HTML *2html.vim* *convert-to-HTML*
|
|
366
|
|
367 This is not a syntax file itself, but a script that converts the current
|
|
368 window into HTML. Vim opens a new window in which it builds the HTML file.
|
|
369
|
|
370 You are not supposed to set the 'filetype' or 'syntax' option to "2html"!
|
|
371 Source the script to convert the current file: >
|
|
372
|
|
373 :runtime! syntax/2html.vim
|
|
374 <
|
|
375 Warning: This is slow!
|
|
376 *:TOhtml*
|
|
377 Or use the ":TOhtml" user command. It is defined in a standard plugin.
|
|
378 ":TOhtml" also works with a range and in a Visual area: >
|
|
379
|
|
380 :10,40TOhtml
|
|
381
|
|
382 After you save the resulting file, you can view it with any HTML viewer, such
|
|
383 as Netscape. The colors should be exactly the same as you see them in Vim.
|
|
384
|
|
385 To restrict the conversion to a range of lines set "html_start_line" and
|
|
386 "html_end_line" to the first and last line to be converted. Example, using
|
|
387 the last set Visual area: >
|
|
388
|
|
389 :let html_start_line = line("'<")
|
|
390 :let html_end_line = line("'>")
|
|
391
|
|
392 The lines are numbered according to 'number' option and the Number
|
|
393 highlighting. You can force lines to be numbered in the HTML output by
|
|
394 setting "html_number_lines" to non-zero value: >
|
|
395 :let html_number_lines = 1
|
|
396 Force to omit the line numbers by using a zero value: >
|
|
397 :let html_number_lines = 0
|
|
398 Go back to the default to use 'number' by deleting the variable: >
|
|
399 :unlet html_number_lines
|
|
400
|
29
|
401 Closed folds are put in the HTML as they are displayed. If you don't want
|
279
|
402 this, use the "zR" command before invoking 2html, or use: >
|
|
403 :let html_ignore_folding = 1
|
29
|
404
|
7
|
405 By default, HTML optimized for old browsers is generated. If you prefer using
|
|
406 cascading style sheets (CSS1) for the attributes (resulting in considerably
|
|
407 shorter and valid HTML 4 file), use: >
|
|
408 :let html_use_css = 1
|
|
409
|
|
410 By default "<pre>" and "</pre>" is used around the text. This makes it show
|
|
411 up as you see it in Vim, but without wrapping. If you prefer wrapping, at the
|
|
412 risk of making some things look a bit different, use: >
|
|
413 :let html_no_pre = 1
|
|
414 This will use <br> at the end of each line and use " " for repeated
|
|
415 spaces.
|
|
416
|
|
417 The current value of 'encoding' is used to specify the charset of the HTML
|
|
418 file. This only works for those values of 'encoding' that have an equivalent
|
|
419 HTML charset name. To overrule this set g:html_use_encoding to the name of
|
|
420 the charset to be used: >
|
|
421 :let html_use_encoding = "foobar"
|
|
422 To omit the line that specifies the charset, set g:html_use_encoding to an
|
|
423 empty string: >
|
|
424 :let html_use_encoding = ""
|
|
425 To go back to the automatic mechanism, delete the g:html_use_encoding
|
|
426 variable: >
|
|
427 :unlet html_use_encoding
|
|
428 <
|
32
|
429 Closed folds are kept as they are displayed. If you don't want closed folds
|
|
430 in the HTML use the |zR| command before converting.
|
|
431
|
|
432 For diff mode a sequence of more than 3 filler lines is displayed as three
|
|
433 lines with the middle line mentioning the total number of inserted lines. If
|
|
434 you prefer to see all the inserted lines use: >
|
|
435 :let html_whole_filler = 1
|
|
436 And to go back to displaying up to three lines again: >
|
|
437 :unlet html_whole_filler
|
|
438
|
7
|
439 *convert-to-XML* *convert-to-XHTML*
|
|
440 An alternative is to have the script generate XHTML (XML compliant HTML). To
|
|
441 do this set the "use_xhtml" variable: >
|
|
442 :let use_xhtml = 1
|
|
443 To disable it again delete the variable: >
|
|
444 :unlet use_xhtml
|
|
445 The generated XHTML file can be used in DocBook XML documents. See:
|
|
446 http://people.mech.kuleuven.ac.be/~pissaris/howto/src2db.html
|
|
447
|
|
448 Remarks:
|
|
449 - This only works in a version with GUI support. If the GUI is not actually
|
|
450 running (possible for X11) it still works, but not very well (the colors
|
|
451 may be wrong).
|
|
452 - Older browsers will not show the background colors.
|
|
453 - From most browsers you can also print the file (in color)!
|
|
454
|
|
455 Here is an example how to run the script over all .c and .h files from a
|
|
456 Unix shell: >
|
|
457 for f in *.[ch]; do gvim -f +"syn on" +"run! syntax/2html.vim" +"wq" +"q" $f; done
|
|
458 <
|
|
459
|
|
460 ABEL *abel.vim* *abel-syntax*
|
|
461
|
|
462 ABEL highlighting provides some user-defined options. To enable them, assign
|
|
463 any value to the respective variable. Example: >
|
|
464 :let abel_obsolete_ok=1
|
|
465 To disable them use ":unlet". Example: >
|
|
466 :unlet abel_obsolete_ok
|
|
467
|
|
468 Variable Highlight ~
|
|
469 abel_obsolete_ok obsolete keywords are statements, not errors
|
|
470 abel_cpp_comments_illegal do not interpret '//' as inline comment leader
|
|
471
|
|
472
|
|
473 ADA *ada.vim* *ada-syntax*
|
|
474
|
|
475 This mode is designed for the 1995 edition of Ada ("Ada95"), which
|
|
476 includes support for objected-programming, protected types, and so on.
|
|
477 It handles code written for the original Ada language
|
|
478 ("Ada83" or "Ada87") as well, though Ada83 code which uses Ada95-only
|
|
479 keywords will be wrongly colored (such code should be fixed anyway).
|
|
480 For more information about Ada, see http://www.adapower.com.
|
|
481
|
|
482 The Ada mode handles a number of situations cleanly.
|
|
483 For example, it knows that the "-" in "-5" is a number, but the same
|
|
484 character in "A-5" is an operator. Normally, a "with" or "use" clause
|
|
485 referencing another compilation unit is colored the same way as C's
|
|
486 "#include" is colored. If you have "Conditional" or "Repeat"
|
|
487 groups colored differently, then "end if" and "end loop" will be
|
|
488 colored as part of those respective groups.
|
|
489 You can set these to different colors using vim's "highlight" command
|
|
490 (e.g., to change how loops are displayed, enter the command
|
|
491 ":hi Repeat" followed by the color specification; on simple terminals
|
|
492 the color specification ctermfg=White often shows well).
|
|
493
|
|
494 There are several options you can select in this Ada mode.
|
|
495 To enable them, assign a value to the option. For example, to turn one on:
|
|
496 let ada_standard_types = 1
|
|
497 To disable them use ":unlet". Example:
|
|
498 unlet ada_standard_types = 1
|
|
499 You can just use ":" and type these into the command line to set these
|
|
500 temporarily before loading an Ada file. You can make these option settings
|
|
501 permanent by adding the "let" command(s), without a colon,
|
|
502 to your "~/.vimrc" file.
|
|
503
|
|
504 Here are the Ada mode options:
|
|
505
|
|
506 Variable Action ~
|
|
507 ada_standard_types Highlight types in package Standard (e.g., "Float")
|
|
508 ada_space_errors Highlight extraneous errors in spaces...
|
|
509 ada_no_trail_space_error but ignore trailing spaces at the end of a line
|
|
510 ada_no_tab_space_error but ignore tabs after spaces
|
|
511 ada_withuse_ordinary Show "with" and "use" as ordinary keywords
|
|
512 (when used to reference other compilation units
|
|
513 they're normally highlighted specially).
|
|
514 ada_begin_preproc Show all begin-like keywords using the coloring
|
|
515 of C preprocessor commands.
|
|
516
|
|
517 Even on a slow (90Mhz) PC this mode works quickly, but if you find
|
|
518 the performance unacceptable, turn on ada_withuse_ordinary.
|
|
519
|
|
520
|
|
521 ANT *ant.vim* *ant-syntax*
|
|
522
|
|
523 The ant syntax file provides syntax highlighting for javascript and python
|
237
|
524 by default. Syntax highlighting for other script languages can be installed
|
7
|
525 by the function AntSyntaxScript(), which takes the tag name as first argument
|
237
|
526 and the script syntax file name as second argument. Example: >
|
7
|
527
|
|
528 :call AntSyntaxScript('perl', 'perl.vim')
|
|
529
|
|
530 will install syntax perl highlighting for the following ant code >
|
|
531
|
|
532 <script language = 'perl'><![CDATA[
|
|
533 # everything inside is highlighted as perl
|
|
534 ]]></script>
|
|
535
|
|
536 See |mysyntaxfile-add| for installing script languages permanently.
|
|
537
|
|
538
|
|
539 APACHE *apache.vim* *apache-syntax*
|
|
540
|
|
541 The apache syntax file provides syntax highlighting depending on Apache HTTP
|
|
542 server version, by default for 1.3.x. Set "apache_version" to Apache version
|
|
543 (as a string) to get highlighting for another version. Example: >
|
|
544
|
|
545 :let apache_version = "2.0"
|
|
546 <
|
|
547
|
|
548 *asm.vim* *asmh8300.vim* *nasm.vim* *masm.vim* *asm68k*
|
|
549 ASSEMBLY *asm-syntax* *asmh8300-syntax* *nasm-syntax* *masm-syntax*
|
|
550 *asm68k-syntax* *fasm.vim*
|
|
551
|
|
552 Files matching "*.i" could be Progress or Assembly. If the automatic detection
|
|
553 doesn't work for you, or you don't edit Progress at all, use this in your
|
|
554 startup vimrc: >
|
|
555 :let filetype_i = "asm"
|
|
556 Replace "asm" with the type of assembly you use.
|
|
557
|
|
558 There are many types of assembly languages that all use the same file name
|
|
559 extensions. Therefore you will have to select the type yourself, or add a
|
|
560 line in the assembly file that Vim will recognize. Currently these syntax
|
|
561 files are included:
|
|
562 asm GNU assembly (the default)
|
|
563 asm68k Motorola 680x0 assembly
|
|
564 asmh8300 Hitachi H-8300 version of GNU assembly
|
|
565 ia64 Intel Itanium 64
|
|
566 fasm Flat assembly (http://flatassembler.net)
|
|
567 masm Microsoft assembly (probably works for any 80x86)
|
|
568 nasm Netwide assembly
|
|
569 tasm Turbo Assembly (with opcodes 80x86 up to Pentium, and
|
|
570 MMX)
|
|
571 pic PIC assembly (currently for PIC16F84)
|
|
572
|
|
573 The most flexible is to add a line in your assembly file containing: >
|
|
574 :asmsyntax=nasm
|
|
575 Replace "nasm" with the name of the real assembly syntax. This line must be
|
|
576 one of the first five lines in the file.
|
|
577
|
|
578 The syntax type can always be overruled for a specific buffer by setting the
|
|
579 b:asmsyntax variable: >
|
|
580 :let b:asmsyntax=nasm
|
|
581
|
|
582 If b:asmsyntax is not set, either automatically or by hand, then the value of
|
|
583 the global variable asmsyntax is used. This can be seen as a default assembly
|
|
584 language: >
|
|
585 :let asmsyntax=nasm
|
|
586
|
|
587 As a last resort, if nothing is defined, the "asm" syntax is used.
|
|
588
|
|
589
|
|
590 Netwide assembler (nasm.vim) optional highlighting ~
|
|
591
|
|
592 To enable a feature: >
|
|
593 :let {variable}=1|set syntax=nasm
|
|
594 To disable a feature: >
|
|
595 :unlet {variable} |set syntax=nasm
|
|
596
|
|
597 Variable Highlight ~
|
|
598 nasm_loose_syntax unofficial parser allowed syntax not as Error
|
|
599 (parser dependent; not recommended)
|
|
600 nasm_ctx_outside_macro contexts outside macro not as Error
|
|
601 nasm_no_warn potentially risky syntax not as ToDo
|
|
602
|
|
603
|
|
604 ASPPERL and ASPVBS *aspperl-syntax* *aspvbs-syntax*
|
|
605
|
|
606 *.asp and *.asa files could be either Perl or Visual Basic script. Since it's
|
|
607 hard to detect this you can set two global variables to tell Vim what you are
|
|
608 using. For Perl script use: >
|
|
609 :let g:filetype_asa = "aspperl"
|
|
610 :let g:filetype_asp = "aspperl"
|
|
611 For Visual Basic use: >
|
|
612 :let g:filetype_asa = "aspvbs"
|
|
613 :let g:filetype_asp = "aspvbs"
|
|
614
|
|
615
|
|
616 BASIC *basic.vim* *vb.vim* *basic-syntax* *vb-syntax*
|
|
617
|
|
618 Both Visual Basic and "normal" basic use the extension ".bas". To detect
|
|
619 which one should be used, Vim checks for the string "VB_Name" in the first
|
|
620 five lines of the file. If it is not found, filetype will be "basic",
|
|
621 otherwise "vb". Files with the ".frm" extension will always be seen as Visual
|
|
622 Basic.
|
|
623
|
|
624
|
|
625 C *c.vim* *c-syntax*
|
|
626
|
|
627 A few things in C highlighting are optional. To enable them assign any value
|
|
628 to the respective variable. Example: >
|
|
629 :let c_comment_strings=1
|
|
630 To disable them use ":unlet". Example: >
|
|
631 :unlet c_comment_strings
|
|
632
|
|
633 Variable Highlight ~
|
|
634 c_gnu GNU gcc specific items
|
|
635 c_comment_strings strings and numbers inside a comment
|
|
636 c_space_errors trailing white space and spaces before a <Tab>
|
|
637 c_no_trail_space_error ... but no trailing spaces
|
|
638 c_no_tab_space_error ... but no spaces before a <Tab>
|
|
639 c_no_bracket_error don't highlight {}; inside [] as errors
|
140
|
640 c_no_curly_error don't highlight {}; inside [] and () as errors;
|
|
641 except { and } in first column
|
7
|
642 c_no_ansi don't do standard ANSI types and constants
|
|
643 c_ansi_typedefs ... but do standard ANSI types
|
|
644 c_ansi_constants ... but do standard ANSI constants
|
|
645 c_no_utf don't highlight \u and \U in strings
|
|
646 c_syntax_for_h use C syntax for *.h files, instead of C++
|
|
647 c_no_if0 don't highlight "#if 0" blocks as comments
|
|
648 c_no_cformat don't highlight %-formats in strings
|
|
649 c_no_c99 don't highlight C99 standard items
|
|
650
|
36
|
651 When 'foldmethod' is set to "syntax" then /* */ comments and { } blocks will
|
|
652 become a fold. If you don't want comments to become a fold use: >
|
|
653 :let c_no_comment_fold = 1
|
|
654
|
7
|
655 If you notice highlighting errors while scrolling backwards, which are fixed
|
|
656 when redrawing with CTRL-L, try setting the "c_minlines" internal variable
|
|
657 to a larger number: >
|
|
658 :let c_minlines = 100
|
|
659 This will make the syntax synchronization start 100 lines before the first
|
|
660 displayed line. The default value is 50 (15 when c_no_if0 is set). The
|
|
661 disadvantage of using a larger number is that redrawing can become slow.
|
|
662
|
|
663 When using the "#if 0" / "#endif" comment highlighting, notice that this only
|
|
664 works when the "#if 0" is within "c_minlines" from the top of the window. If
|
|
665 you have a long "#if 0" construct it will not be highlighted correctly.
|
|
666
|
|
667 To match extra items in comments, use the cCommentGroup cluster.
|
|
668 Example: >
|
|
669 :au Syntax c call MyCadd()
|
|
670 :function MyCadd()
|
|
671 : syn keyword cMyItem contained Ni
|
|
672 : syn cluster cCommentGroup add=cMyItem
|
|
673 : hi link cMyItem Title
|
|
674 :endfun
|
|
675
|
|
676 ANSI constants will be highlighted with the "cConstant" group. This includes
|
|
677 "NULL", "SIG_IGN" and others. But not "TRUE", for example, because this is
|
|
678 not in the ANSI standard. If you find this confusing, remove the cConstant
|
|
679 highlighting: >
|
|
680 :hi link cConstant NONE
|
|
681
|
|
682 If you see '{' and '}' highlighted as an error where they are OK, reset the
|
|
683 highlighting for cErrInParen and cErrInBracket.
|
|
684
|
|
685 If you want to use folding in your C files, you can add these lines in a file
|
|
686 an the "after" directory in 'runtimepath'. For Unix this would be
|
|
687 ~/.vim/after/syntax/c.vim. >
|
|
688 syn region myFold start="{" end="}" transparent fold
|
|
689 syn sync fromstart
|
|
690 set foldmethod=syntax
|
|
691
|
22
|
692 CH *ch.vim* *ch-syntax*
|
|
693
|
|
694 C/C++ interpreter. Ch has similar syntax highlighting to C and builds upon
|
|
695 the C syntax file. See |c.vim| for all the settings that are available for C.
|
|
696
|
|
697 By setting a variable you can tell Vim to use Ch syntax for *.h files, instead
|
|
698 of C or C++: >
|
|
699 :let ch_syntax_for_h = 1
|
|
700
|
7
|
701
|
|
702 CHILL *chill.vim* *chill-syntax*
|
|
703
|
|
704 Chill syntax highlighting is similar to C. See |c.vim| for all the settings
|
|
705 that are available. Additionally there is:
|
|
706
|
|
707 chill_space_errors like c_space_errors
|
|
708 chill_comment_string like c_comment_strings
|
|
709 chill_minlines like c_minlines
|
|
710
|
|
711
|
|
712 CHANGELOG *changelog.vim* *changelog-syntax*
|
|
713
|
|
714 ChangeLog supports highlighting spaces at the start of a line.
|
|
715 If you do not like this, add following line to your .vimrc: >
|
|
716 let g:changelog_spacing_errors = 0
|
|
717 This works the next time you edit a changelog file. You can also use
|
|
718 "b:changelog_spacing_errors" to set this per buffer (before loading the syntax
|
|
719 file).
|
|
720
|
|
721 You can change the highlighting used, e.g., to flag the spaces as an error: >
|
|
722 :hi link ChangelogError Error
|
|
723 Or to avoid the highlighting: >
|
|
724 :hi link ChangelogError NONE
|
|
725 This works immediately.
|
|
726
|
|
727
|
|
728 COBOL *cobol.vim* *cobol-syntax*
|
|
729
|
|
730 COBOL highlighting has different needs for legacy code than it does for fresh
|
|
731 development. This is due to differences in what is being done (maintenance
|
|
732 versus development) and other factors. To enable legacy code highlighting,
|
|
733 add this line to your .vimrc: >
|
|
734 :let cobol_legacy_code = 1
|
|
735 To disable it again, use this: >
|
|
736 :unlet cobol_legacy_code
|
|
737
|
|
738
|
|
739 COLD FUSION *coldfusion.vim* *coldfusion-syntax*
|
|
740
|
237
|
741 The ColdFusion has its own version of HTML comments. To turn on ColdFusion
|
7
|
742 comment highlighting, add the following line to your startup file: >
|
|
743
|
|
744 :let html_wrong_comments = 1
|
|
745
|
|
746 The ColdFusion syntax file is based on the HTML syntax file.
|
|
747
|
|
748
|
|
749 CSH *csh.vim* *csh-syntax*
|
|
750
|
|
751 This covers the shell named "csh". Note that on some systems tcsh is actually
|
|
752 used.
|
|
753
|
|
754 Detecting whether a file is csh or tcsh is notoriously hard. Some systems
|
|
755 symlink /bin/csh to /bin/tcsh, making it almost impossible to distinguish
|
|
756 between csh and tcsh. In case VIM guesses wrong you can set the
|
|
757 "filetype_csh" variable. For using csh: >
|
|
758
|
|
759 :let filetype_csh = "csh"
|
|
760
|
|
761 For using tcsh: >
|
|
762
|
|
763 :let filetype_csh = "tcsh"
|
|
764
|
|
765 Any script with a tcsh extension or a standard tcsh filename (.tcshrc,
|
|
766 tcsh.tcshrc, tcsh.login) will have filetype tcsh. All other tcsh/csh scripts
|
237
|
767 will be classified as tcsh, UNLESS the "filetype_csh" variable exists. If the
|
7
|
768 "filetype_csh" variable exists, the filetype will be set to the value of the
|
|
769 variable.
|
|
770
|
|
771
|
|
772 CYNLIB *cynlib.vim* *cynlib-syntax*
|
|
773
|
|
774 Cynlib files are C++ files that use the Cynlib class library to enable
|
237
|
775 hardware modelling and simulation using C++. Typically Cynlib files have a .cc
|
7
|
776 or a .cpp extension, which makes it very difficult to distinguish them from a
|
237
|
777 normal C++ file. Thus, to enable Cynlib highlighting for .cc files, add this
|
7
|
778 line to your .vimrc file: >
|
|
779
|
|
780 :let cynlib_cyntax_for_cc=1
|
|
781
|
|
782 Similarly for cpp files (this extension is only usually used in Windows) >
|
|
783
|
|
784 :let cynlib_cyntax_for_cpp=1
|
|
785
|
|
786 To disable these again, use this: >
|
|
787
|
|
788 :unlet cynlib_cyntax_for_cc
|
|
789 :unlet cynlib_cyntax_for_cpp
|
|
790 <
|
|
791
|
|
792 CWEB *cweb.vim* *cweb-syntax*
|
|
793
|
|
794 Files matching "*.w" could be Progress or cweb. If the automatic detection
|
|
795 doesn't work for you, or you don't edit Progress at all, use this in your
|
|
796 startup vimrc: >
|
|
797 :let filetype_w = "cweb"
|
|
798
|
|
799
|
|
800 DESKTOP *desktop.vim* *desktop-syntax*
|
|
801
|
|
802 Primary goal of this syntax file is to highlight .desktop and .directory files
|
|
803 according to freedesktop.org standard: http://pdx.freedesktop.org/Standards/
|
|
804 But actually almost none implements this standard fully. Thus it will
|
237
|
805 highlight all Unix ini files. But you can force strict highlighting according
|
7
|
806 to standard by placing this in your vimrc file: >
|
|
807 :let enforce_freedesktop_standard = 1
|
|
808
|
|
809
|
|
810 DIRCOLORS *dircolors.vim* *dircolors-syntax*
|
|
811
|
|
812 The dircolors utility highlighting definition has one option. It exists to
|
|
813 provide compatibility with the Slackware GNU/Linux distributions version of
|
|
814 the command. It adds a few keywords that are generally ignored by most
|
|
815 versions. On Slackware systems, however, the utility accepts the keywords and
|
|
816 uses them for processing. To enable the Slackware keywords add the following
|
|
817 line to your startup file: >
|
|
818 let dircolors_is_slackware = 1
|
|
819
|
|
820
|
|
821 DOCBOOK *docbk.vim* *docbk-syntax* *docbook*
|
|
822 DOCBOOK XML *docbkxml.vim* *docbkxml-syntax*
|
|
823 DOCBOOK SGML *docbksgml.vim* *docbksgml-syntax*
|
|
824
|
|
825 There are two types of DocBook files: SGML and XML. To specify what type you
|
|
826 are using the "b:docbk_type" variable should be set. Vim does this for you
|
|
827 automatically if it can recognize the type. When Vim can't guess it the type
|
|
828 defaults to XML.
|
|
829 You can set the type manually: >
|
|
830 :let docbk_type = "sgml"
|
|
831 or: >
|
|
832 :let docbk_type = "xml"
|
|
833 You need to do this before loading the syntax file, which is complicated.
|
|
834 Simpler is setting the filetype to "docbkxml" or "docbksgml": >
|
|
835 :set filetype=docbksgml
|
|
836 or: >
|
|
837 :set filetype=docbkxml
|
|
838
|
|
839
|
|
840 DOSBATCH *dosbatch.vim* *dosbatch-syntax*
|
|
841
|
|
842 There is one option with highlighting DOS batch files. This covers new
|
|
843 extensions to the Command Interpreter introduced with Windows 2000 and
|
|
844 is controlled by the variable dosbatch_cmdextversion. For Windows NT
|
|
845 this should have the value 1, and for Windows 2000 it should be 2.
|
|
846 Select the version you want with the following line: >
|
|
847
|
15
|
848 :let dosbatch_cmdextversion = 1
|
7
|
849
|
|
850 If this variable is not defined it defaults to a value of 2 to support
|
|
851 Windows 2000.
|
|
852
|
15
|
853 A second option covers whether *.btm files should be detected as type
|
237
|
854 "dosbatch" (MS-DOS batch files) or type "btm" (4DOS batch files). The latter
|
|
855 is used by default. You may select the former with the following line: >
|
15
|
856
|
|
857 :let g:dosbatch_syntax_for_btm = 1
|
|
858
|
|
859 If this variable is undefined or zero, btm syntax is selected.
|
|
860
|
|
861
|
7
|
862
|
|
863 DTD *dtd.vim* *dtd-syntax*
|
|
864
|
237
|
865 The DTD syntax highlighting is case sensitive by default. To disable
|
7
|
866 case-sensitive highlighting, add the following line to your startup file: >
|
|
867
|
|
868 :let dtd_ignore_case=1
|
|
869
|
237
|
870 The DTD syntax file will highlight unknown tags as errors. If
|
7
|
871 this is annoying, it can be turned off by setting: >
|
|
872
|
|
873 :let dtd_no_tag_errors=1
|
|
874
|
|
875 before sourcing the dtd.vim syntax file.
|
|
876 Parameter entity names are highlighted in the definition using the
|
|
877 'Type' highlighting group and 'Comment' for punctuation and '%'.
|
|
878 Parameter entity instances are highlighted using the 'Constant'
|
|
879 highlighting group and the 'Type' highlighting group for the
|
237
|
880 delimiters % and ;. This can be turned off by setting: >
|
7
|
881
|
|
882 :let dtd_no_param_entities=1
|
|
883
|
|
884 The DTD syntax file is also included by xml.vim to highlight included dtd's.
|
|
885
|
|
886
|
|
887 EIFFEL *eiffel.vim* *eiffel-syntax*
|
|
888
|
|
889 While Eiffel is not case-sensitive, its style guidelines are, and the
|
237
|
890 syntax highlighting file encourages their use. This also allows to
|
|
891 highlight class names differently. If you want to disable case-sensitive
|
7
|
892 highlighting, add the following line to your startup file: >
|
|
893
|
|
894 :let eiffel_ignore_case=1
|
|
895
|
|
896 Case still matters for class names and TODO marks in comments.
|
|
897
|
|
898 Conversely, for even stricter checks, add one of the following lines: >
|
|
899
|
|
900 :let eiffel_strict=1
|
|
901 :let eiffel_pedantic=1
|
|
902
|
|
903 Setting eiffel_strict will only catch improper capitalization for the
|
|
904 five predefined words "Current", "Void", "Result", "Precursor", and
|
|
905 "NONE", to warn against their accidental use as feature or class names.
|
|
906
|
|
907 Setting eiffel_pedantic will enforce adherence to the Eiffel style
|
|
908 guidelines fairly rigorously (like arbitrary mixes of upper- and
|
|
909 lowercase letters as well as outdated ways to capitalize keywords).
|
|
910
|
|
911 If you want to use the lower-case version of "Current", "Void",
|
|
912 "Result", and "Precursor", you can use >
|
|
913
|
|
914 :let eiffel_lower_case_predef=1
|
|
915
|
|
916 instead of completely turning case-sensitive highlighting off.
|
|
917
|
|
918 Support for ISE's proposed new creation syntax that is already
|
|
919 experimentally handled by some compilers can be enabled by: >
|
|
920
|
|
921 :let eiffel_ise=1
|
|
922
|
237
|
923 Finally, some vendors support hexadecimal constants. To handle them, add >
|
7
|
924
|
|
925 :let eiffel_hex_constants=1
|
|
926
|
|
927 to your startup file.
|
|
928
|
|
929
|
|
930 ERLANG *erlang.vim* *erlang-syntax*
|
|
931
|
|
932 The erlang highlighting supports Erlang (ERicsson LANGuage).
|
|
933 Erlang is case sensitive and default extension is ".erl".
|
|
934
|
|
935 If you want to disable keywords highlighting, put in your .vimrc: >
|
|
936 :let erlang_keywords = 1
|
|
937 If you want to disable built-in-functions highlighting, put in your
|
|
938 .vimrc file: >
|
|
939 :let erlang_functions = 1
|
|
940 If you want to disable special characters highlighting, put in
|
|
941 your .vimrc: >
|
|
942 :let erlang_characters = 1
|
|
943
|
|
944
|
|
945 FORM *form.vim* *form-syntax*
|
|
946
|
|
947 The coloring scheme for syntax elements in the FORM file uses the default
|
|
948 modes Conditional, Number, Statement, Comment, PreProc, Type, and String,
|
|
949 following the language specifications in 'Symbolic Manipulation with FORM'' by
|
|
950 J.A.M. Vermaseren, CAN, Netherlands, 1991.
|
|
951
|
|
952 If you want include your own changes to the default colors, you have to
|
|
953 redefine the following syntax groups:
|
|
954
|
|
955 - formConditional
|
|
956 - formNumber
|
|
957 - formStatement
|
|
958 - formHeaderStatement
|
|
959 - formComment
|
|
960 - formPreProc
|
|
961 - formDirective
|
|
962 - formType
|
|
963 - formString
|
|
964
|
|
965 Note that the form.vim syntax file implements FORM preprocessor commands and
|
|
966 directives per default in the same syntax group.
|
|
967
|
|
968 A predefined enhanced color mode for FORM is available to distinguish between
|
237
|
969 header statements and statements in the body of a FORM program. To activate
|
7
|
970 this mode define the following variable in your vimrc file >
|
|
971
|
|
972 :let form_enhanced_color=1
|
|
973
|
|
974 The enhanced mode also takes advantage of additional color features for a dark
|
237
|
975 gvim display. Here, statements are colored LightYellow instead of Yellow, and
|
7
|
976 conditionals are LightBlue for better distinction.
|
|
977
|
|
978
|
|
979 FORTRAN *fortran.vim* *fortran-syntax*
|
|
980
|
|
981 Default highlighting and dialect ~
|
237
|
982 Highlighting appropriate for f95 (Fortran 95) is used by default. This choice
|
7
|
983 should be appropriate for most users most of the time because Fortran 95 is a
|
|
984 superset of Fortran 90 and almost a superset of Fortran 77.
|
|
985
|
|
986 Fortran source code form ~
|
237
|
987 Fortran 9x code can be in either fixed or free source form. Note that the
|
7
|
988 syntax highlighting will not be correct if the form is incorrectly set.
|
|
989
|
|
990 When you create a new fortran file, the syntax script assumes fixed source
|
237
|
991 form. If you always use free source form, then >
|
7
|
992 :let fortran_free_source=1
|
237
|
993 in your .vimrc prior to the :syntax on command. If you always use fixed source
|
7
|
994 form, then >
|
|
995 :let fortran_fixed_source=1
|
|
996 in your .vimrc prior to the :syntax on command.
|
|
997
|
|
998 If the form of the source code depends upon the file extension, then it is
|
237
|
999 most convenient to set fortran_free_source in a ftplugin file. For more
|
|
1000 information on ftplugin files, see |ftplugin|. For example, if all your
|
7
|
1001 fortran files with an .f90 extension are written in free source form and the
|
|
1002 rest in fixed source form, add the following code to your ftplugin file >
|
|
1003 let s:extfname = expand("%:e")
|
|
1004 if s:extfname ==? "f90"
|
|
1005 let fortran_free_source=1
|
|
1006 unlet! fortran_fixed_source
|
|
1007 else
|
|
1008 let fortran_fixed_source=1
|
|
1009 unlet! fortran_free_source
|
|
1010 endif
|
|
1011 Note that this will work only if the "filetype plugin indent on" command
|
|
1012 precedes the "syntax on" command in your .vimrc file.
|
|
1013
|
|
1014 When you edit an existing fortran file, the syntax script will assume free
|
|
1015 source form if the fortran_free_source variable has been set, and assumes
|
237
|
1016 fixed source form if the fortran_fixed_source variable has been set. If
|
7
|
1017 neither of these variables have been set, the syntax script attempts to
|
|
1018 determine which source form has been used by examining the first five columns
|
237
|
1019 of the first 25 lines of your file. If no signs of free source form are
|
|
1020 detected, then the file is assumed to be in fixed source form. The algorithm
|
|
1021 should work in the vast majority of cases. In some cases, such as a file that
|
7
|
1022 begins with 25 or more full-line comments, the script may incorrectly decide
|
237
|
1023 that the fortran code is in fixed form. If that happens, just add a
|
7
|
1024 non-comment statement beginning anywhere in the first five columns of the
|
|
1025 first twenty five lines, save (:w) and then reload (:e!) the file.
|
|
1026
|
|
1027 Tabs in fortran files ~
|
237
|
1028 Tabs are not recognized by the Fortran standards. Tabs are not a good idea in
|
7
|
1029 fixed format fortran source code which requires fixed column boundaries.
|
237
|
1030 Therefore, tabs are marked as errors. Nevertheless, some programmers like
|
|
1031 using tabs. If your fortran files contain tabs, then you should set the
|
7
|
1032 variable fortran_have_tabs in your .vimrc with a command such as >
|
|
1033 :let fortran_have_tabs=1
|
237
|
1034 placed prior to the :syntax on command. Unfortunately, the use of tabs will
|
7
|
1035 mean that the syntax file will not be able to detect incorrect margins.
|
|
1036
|
|
1037 Syntax folding of fortran files ~
|
|
1038 If you wish to use foldmethod=syntax, then you must first set the variable
|
|
1039 fortran_fold with a command such as >
|
|
1040 :let fortran_fold=1
|
|
1041 to instruct the syntax script to define fold regions for program units, that
|
|
1042 is main programs starting with a program statement, subroutines, function
|
237
|
1043 subprograms, block data subprograms, interface blocks, and modules. If you
|
7
|
1044 also set the variable fortran_fold_conditionals with a command such as >
|
|
1045 :let fortran_fold_conditionals=1
|
|
1046 then fold regions will also be defined for do loops, if blocks, and select
|
237
|
1047 case constructs. If you also set the variable
|
7
|
1048 fortran_fold_multilinecomments with a command such as >
|
|
1049 :let fortran_fold_multilinecomments=1
|
|
1050 then fold regions will also be defined for three or more consecutive comment
|
237
|
1051 lines. Note that defining fold regions can be slow for large files.
|
7
|
1052
|
|
1053 If fortran_fold, and possibly fortran_fold_conditionals and/or
|
|
1054 fortran_fold_multilinecomments, have been set, then vim will fold your file if
|
237
|
1055 you set foldmethod=syntax. Comments or blank lines placed between two program
|
7
|
1056 units are not folded because they are seen as not belonging to any program
|
|
1057 unit.
|
|
1058
|
|
1059 More precise fortran syntax ~
|
|
1060 If you set the variable fortran_more_precise with a command such as >
|
|
1061 :let fortran_more_precise=1
|
237
|
1062 then the syntax coloring will be more precise but slower. In particular,
|
7
|
1063 statement labels used in do, goto and arithmetic if statements will be
|
|
1064 recognized, as will construct names at the end of a do, if, select or forall
|
|
1065 construct.
|
|
1066
|
|
1067 Non-default fortran dialects ~
|
|
1068 The syntax script supports five Fortran dialects: f95, f90, f77, the Lahey
|
|
1069 subset elf90, and the Imagine1 subset F.
|
|
1070
|
|
1071 If you use f77 with extensions, even common ones like do/enddo loops, do/while
|
|
1072 loops and free source form that are supported by most f77 compilers including
|
|
1073 g77 (GNU Fortran), then you will probably find the default highlighting
|
237
|
1074 satisfactory. However, if you use strict f77 with no extensions, not even free
|
7
|
1075 source form or the MIL STD 1753 extensions, then the advantages of setting the
|
|
1076 dialect to f77 are that names such as SUM are recognized as user variable
|
|
1077 names and not highlighted as f9x intrinsic functions, that obsolete constructs
|
|
1078 such as ASSIGN statements are not highlighted as todo items, and that fixed
|
|
1079 source form will be assumed.
|
|
1080
|
|
1081 If you use elf90 or F, the advantage of setting the dialect appropriately is
|
|
1082 that f90 features excluded from these dialects will be highlighted as todo
|
|
1083 items and that free source form will be assumed as required for these
|
|
1084 dialects.
|
|
1085
|
237
|
1086 The dialect can be selected by setting the variable fortran_dialect. The
|
7
|
1087 permissible values of fortran_dialect are case-sensitive and must be "f95",
|
237
|
1088 "f90", "f77", "elf" or "F". Invalid values of fortran_dialect are ignored.
|
7
|
1089
|
|
1090 If all your fortran files use the same dialect, set fortran_dialect in your
|
237
|
1091 .vimrc prior to your syntax on statement. If the dialect depends upon the file
|
|
1092 extension, then it is most convenient to set it in a ftplugin file. For more
|
|
1093 information on ftplugin files, see |ftplugin|. For example, if all your
|
7
|
1094 fortran files with an .f90 extension are written in the elf subset, your
|
|
1095 ftplugin file should contain the code >
|
|
1096 let s:extfname = expand("%:e")
|
|
1097 if s:extfname ==? "f90"
|
|
1098 let fortran_dialect="elf"
|
|
1099 else
|
|
1100 unlet! fortran_dialect
|
|
1101 endif
|
|
1102 Note that this will work only if the "filetype plugin indent on" command
|
|
1103 precedes the "syntax on" command in your .vimrc file.
|
|
1104
|
|
1105 Finer control is necessary if the file extension does not uniquely identify
|
237
|
1106 the dialect. You can override the default dialect, on a file-by-file basis, by
|
7
|
1107 including a comment with the directive "fortran_dialect=xx" (where xx=f77 or
|
237
|
1108 elf or F or f90 or f95) in one of the first three lines in your file. For
|
7
|
1109 example, your older .f files may be written in extended f77 but your newer
|
|
1110 ones may be F codes, and you would identify the latter by including in the
|
|
1111 first three lines of those files a Fortran comment of the form >
|
|
1112 ! fortran_dialect=F
|
|
1113 F overrides elf if both directives are present.
|
|
1114
|
|
1115 Limitations ~
|
237
|
1116 Parenthesis checking does not catch too few closing parentheses. Hollerith
|
|
1117 strings are not recognized. Some keywords may be highlighted incorrectly
|
7
|
1118 because Fortran90 has no reserved words.
|
|
1119
|
|
1120 For further information related to fortran, see |fortran-indent| and
|
|
1121 |fortran-plugin|.
|
|
1122
|
|
1123
|
|
1124 FVWM CONFIGURATION FILES *fvwm.vim* *fvwm-syntax*
|
|
1125
|
|
1126 In order for Vim to recognize Fvwm configuration files that do not match
|
|
1127 the patterns *fvwmrc* or *fvwm2rc* , you must put additional patterns
|
|
1128 appropriate to your system in your myfiletypes.vim file. For these
|
|
1129 patterns, you must set the variable "b:fvwm_version" to the major version
|
|
1130 number of Fvwm, and the 'filetype' option to fvwm.
|
|
1131
|
|
1132 For example, to make Vim identify all files in /etc/X11/fvwm2/
|
|
1133 as Fvwm2 configuration files, add the following: >
|
|
1134
|
|
1135 :au! BufNewFile,BufRead /etc/X11/fvwm2/* let b:fvwm_version = 2 |
|
|
1136 \ set filetype=fvwm
|
|
1137
|
|
1138 If you'd like Vim to highlight all valid color names, tell it where to
|
|
1139 find the color database (rgb.txt) on your system. Do this by setting
|
|
1140 "rgb_file" to its location. Assuming your color database is located
|
|
1141 in /usr/X11/lib/X11/, you should add the line >
|
|
1142
|
|
1143 :let rgb_file = "/usr/X11/lib/X11/rgb.txt"
|
|
1144
|
|
1145 to your .vimrc file.
|
|
1146
|
|
1147
|
|
1148 GSP *gsp.vim*
|
|
1149
|
|
1150 The default coloring style for GSP pages is defined by |html.vim|, and
|
|
1151 the coloring for java code (within java tags or inline between backticks)
|
|
1152 is defined by |java.vim|. The following HTML groups defined in |html.vim|
|
|
1153 are redefined to incorporate and highlight inline java code:
|
|
1154
|
|
1155 htmlString
|
|
1156 htmlValue
|
|
1157 htmlEndTag
|
|
1158 htmlTag
|
|
1159 htmlTagN
|
|
1160
|
|
1161 Highlighting should look fine most of the places where you'd see inline
|
|
1162 java code, but in some special cases it may not. To add another HTML
|
|
1163 group where you will have inline java code where it does not highlight
|
|
1164 correctly, just copy the line you want from |html.vim| and add gspJava
|
|
1165 to the contains clause.
|
|
1166
|
|
1167 The backticks for inline java are highlighted according to the htmlError
|
|
1168 group to make them easier to see.
|
|
1169
|
|
1170
|
|
1171 GROFF *groff.vim* *groff-syntax*
|
|
1172
|
|
1173 The groff syntax file is a wrapper for |nroff.vim|, see the notes
|
237
|
1174 under that heading for examples of use and configuration. The purpose
|
7
|
1175 of this wrapper is to set up groff syntax extensions by setting the
|
|
1176 filetype from a |modeline| or in a personal filetype definitions file
|
|
1177 (see |filetype.txt|).
|
|
1178
|
|
1179
|
|
1180 HASKELL *haskell.vim* *lhaskell.vim* *haskell-syntax*
|
|
1181
|
|
1182 The Haskell syntax files support plain Haskell code as well as literate
|
237
|
1183 Haskell code, the latter in both Bird style and TeX style. The Haskell
|
7
|
1184 syntax highlighting will also highlight C preprocessor directives.
|
|
1185
|
|
1186 If you want to highlight delimiter characters (useful if you have a
|
|
1187 light-coloured background), add to your .vimrc: >
|
|
1188 :let hs_highlight_delimiters = 1
|
|
1189 To treat True and False as keywords as opposed to ordinary identifiers,
|
|
1190 add: >
|
|
1191 :let hs_highlight_boolean = 1
|
|
1192 To also treat the names of primitive types as keywords: >
|
|
1193 :let hs_highlight_types = 1
|
|
1194 And to treat the names of even more relatively common types as keywords: >
|
|
1195 :let hs_highlight_more_types = 1
|
|
1196 If you want to highlight the names of debugging functions, put in
|
|
1197 your .vimrc: >
|
|
1198 :let hs_highlight_debug = 1
|
|
1199
|
|
1200 The Haskell syntax highlighting also highlights C preprocessor
|
|
1201 directives, and flags lines that start with # but are not valid
|
237
|
1202 directives as erroneous. This interferes with Haskell's syntax for
|
|
1203 operators, as they may start with #. If you want to highlight those
|
7
|
1204 as operators as opposed to errors, put in your .vimrc: >
|
|
1205 :let hs_allow_hash_operator = 1
|
|
1206
|
|
1207 The syntax highlighting for literate Haskell code will try to
|
|
1208 automatically guess whether your literate Haskell code contains
|
|
1209 TeX markup or not, and correspondingly highlight TeX constructs
|
237
|
1210 or nothing at all. You can override this globally by putting
|
7
|
1211 in your .vimrc >
|
|
1212 :let lhs_markup = none
|
|
1213 for no highlighting at all, or >
|
|
1214 :let lhs_markup = tex
|
|
1215 to force the highlighting to always try to highlight TeX markup.
|
|
1216 For more flexibility, you may also use buffer local versions of
|
|
1217 this variable, so e.g. >
|
|
1218 :let b:lhs_markup = tex
|
237
|
1219 will force TeX highlighting for a particular buffer. It has to be
|
7
|
1220 set before turning syntax highlighting on for the buffer or
|
|
1221 loading a file.
|
|
1222
|
|
1223
|
|
1224 HTML *html.vim* *html-syntax*
|
|
1225
|
|
1226 The coloring scheme for tags in the HTML file works as follows.
|
|
1227
|
|
1228 The <> of opening tags are colored differently than the </> of a closing tag.
|
|
1229 This is on purpose! For opening tags the 'Function' color is used, while for
|
|
1230 closing tags the 'Type' color is used (See syntax.vim to check how those are
|
|
1231 defined for you)
|
|
1232
|
|
1233 Known tag names are colored the same way as statements in C. Unknown tag
|
|
1234 names are colored with the same color as the <> or </> respectively which
|
|
1235 makes it easy to spot errors
|
|
1236
|
237
|
1237 Note that the same is true for argument (or attribute) names. Known attribute
|
7
|
1238 names are colored differently than unknown ones.
|
|
1239
|
237
|
1240 Some HTML tags are used to change the rendering of text. The following tags
|
7
|
1241 are recognized by the html.vim syntax coloring file and change the way normal
|
|
1242 text is shown: <B> <I> <U> <EM> <STRONG> (<EM> is used as an alias for <I>,
|
|
1243 while <STRONG> as an alias for <B>), <H1> - <H6>, <HEAD>, <TITLE> and <A>, but
|
237
|
1244 only if used as a link (that is, it must include a href as in
|
7
|
1245 <A href="somfile.html">).
|
|
1246
|
|
1247 If you want to change how such text is rendered, you must redefine the
|
|
1248 following syntax groups:
|
|
1249
|
|
1250 - htmlBold
|
|
1251 - htmlBoldUnderline
|
|
1252 - htmlBoldUnderlineItalic
|
|
1253 - htmlUnderline
|
|
1254 - htmlUnderlineItalic
|
|
1255 - htmlItalic
|
|
1256 - htmlTitle for titles
|
|
1257 - htmlH1 - htmlH6 for headings
|
|
1258
|
|
1259 To make this redefinition work you must redefine them all with the exception
|
|
1260 of the last two (htmlTitle and htmlH[1-6], which are optional) and define the
|
|
1261 following variable in your vimrc (this is due to the order in which the files
|
|
1262 are read during initialization) >
|
|
1263 :let html_my_rendering=1
|
|
1264
|
|
1265 If you'd like to see an example download mysyntax.vim at
|
|
1266 http://www.fleiner.com/vim/download.html
|
|
1267
|
|
1268 You can also disable this rendering by adding the following line to your
|
|
1269 vimrc file: >
|
|
1270 :let html_no_rendering=1
|
|
1271
|
|
1272 HTML comments are rather special (see an HTML reference document for the
|
|
1273 details), and the syntax coloring scheme will highlight all errors.
|
|
1274 However, if you prefer to use the wrong style (starts with <!-- and
|
|
1275 ends with --!>) you can define >
|
|
1276 :let html_wrong_comments=1
|
|
1277
|
|
1278 JavaScript and Visual Basic embedded inside HTML documents are highlighted as
|
|
1279 'Special' with statements, comments, strings and so on colored as in standard
|
237
|
1280 programming languages. Note that only JavaScript and Visual Basic are currently
|
7
|
1281 supported, no other scripting language has been added yet.
|
|
1282
|
|
1283 Embedded and inlined cascading style sheets (CSS) are highlighted too.
|
|
1284
|
237
|
1285 There are several html preprocessor languages out there. html.vim has been
|
|
1286 written such that it should be trivial to include it. To do so add the
|
7
|
1287 following two lines to the syntax coloring file for that language
|
|
1288 (the example comes from the asp.vim file):
|
|
1289
|
|
1290 runtime! syntax/html.vim
|
|
1291 syn cluster htmlPreproc add=asp
|
|
1292
|
|
1293 Now you just need to make sure that you add all regions that contain
|
|
1294 the preprocessor language to the cluster htmlPreproc.
|
|
1295
|
|
1296
|
|
1297 HTML/OS (by Aestiva) *htmlos.vim* *htmlos-syntax*
|
|
1298
|
|
1299 The coloring scheme for HTML/OS works as follows:
|
|
1300
|
|
1301 Functions and variable names are the same color by default, because VIM
|
|
1302 doesn't specify different colors for Functions and Identifiers. To change
|
|
1303 this (which is recommended if you want function names to be recognizable in a
|
|
1304 different color) you need to add the following line to either your ~/.vimrc: >
|
|
1305 :hi Function term=underline cterm=bold ctermfg=LightGray
|
|
1306
|
|
1307 Of course, the ctermfg can be a different color if you choose.
|
|
1308
|
|
1309 Another issues that HTML/OS runs into is that there is no special filetype to
|
|
1310 signify that it is a file with HTML/OS coding. You can change this by opening
|
|
1311 a file and turning on HTML/OS syntax by doing the following: >
|
|
1312 :set syntax=htmlos
|
|
1313
|
|
1314 Lastly, it should be noted that the opening and closing characters to begin a
|
|
1315 block of HTML/OS code can either be << or [[ and >> or ]], respectively.
|
|
1316
|
|
1317
|
|
1318 IA64 *ia64.vim* *intel-itanium* *ia64-syntax*
|
|
1319
|
|
1320 Highlighting for the Intel Itanium 64 assembly language. See |asm.vim| for
|
|
1321 how to recognize this filetype.
|
|
1322
|
|
1323 To have *.inc files be recognized as IA64, add this to your .vimrc file: >
|
|
1324 :let g:filetype_inc = "ia64"
|
|
1325
|
|
1326
|
|
1327 INFORM *inform.vim* *inform-syntax*
|
|
1328
|
|
1329 Inform highlighting includes symbols provided by the Inform Library, as
|
|
1330 most programs make extensive use of it. If do not wish Library symbols
|
|
1331 to be highlighted add this to your vim startup: >
|
|
1332 :let inform_highlight_simple=1
|
|
1333
|
|
1334 By default it is assumed that Inform programs are Z-machine targeted,
|
|
1335 and highlights Z-machine assembly language symbols appropriately. If
|
|
1336 you intend your program to be targeted to a Glulx/Glk environment you
|
|
1337 need to add this to your startup sequence: >
|
|
1338 :let inform_highlight_glulx=1
|
|
1339
|
|
1340 This will highlight Glulx opcodes instead, and also adds glk() to the
|
|
1341 set of highlighted system functions.
|
|
1342
|
|
1343 The Inform compiler will flag certain obsolete keywords as errors when
|
|
1344 it encounters them. These keywords are normally highlighted as errors
|
|
1345 by Vim. To prevent such error highlighting, you must add this to your
|
|
1346 startup sequence: >
|
|
1347 :let inform_suppress_obsolete=1
|
|
1348
|
|
1349 By default, the language features highlighted conform to Compiler
|
|
1350 version 6.30 and Library version 6.11. If you are using an older
|
|
1351 Inform development environment, you may with to add this to your
|
|
1352 startup sequence: >
|
|
1353 :let inform_highlight_old=1
|
|
1354
|
|
1355
|
|
1356 JAVA *java.vim* *java-syntax*
|
|
1357
|
|
1358 The java.vim syntax highlighting file offers several options:
|
|
1359
|
|
1360 In Java 1.0.2 it was never possible to have braces inside parens, so this was
|
|
1361 flagged as an error. Since Java 1.1 this is possible (with anonymous
|
237
|
1362 classes), and therefore is no longer marked as an error. If you prefer the old
|
7
|
1363 way, put the following line into your vim startup file: >
|
|
1364 :let java_mark_braces_in_parens_as_errors=1
|
|
1365
|
|
1366 All identifiers in java.lang.* are always visible in all classes. To
|
|
1367 highlight them use: >
|
|
1368 :let java_highlight_java_lang_ids=1
|
|
1369
|
237
|
1370 You can also highlight identifiers of most standard Java packages if you
|
7
|
1371 download the javaid.vim script at http://www.fleiner.com/vim/download.html.
|
|
1372 If you prefer to only highlight identifiers of a certain package, say java.io
|
|
1373 use the following: >
|
|
1374 :let java_highlight_java_io=1
|
|
1375 Check the javaid.vim file for a list of all the packages that are supported.
|
|
1376
|
|
1377 Function names are not highlighted, as the way to find functions depends on
|
237
|
1378 how you write Java code. The syntax file knows two possible ways to highlight
|
7
|
1379 functions:
|
|
1380
|
|
1381 If you write function declarations that are always indented by either
|
|
1382 a tab, 8 spaces or 2 spaces you may want to set >
|
|
1383 :let java_highlight_functions="indent"
|
|
1384 However, if you follow the Java guidelines about how functions and classes are
|
|
1385 supposed to be named (with respect to upper and lowercase), use >
|
|
1386 :let java_highlight_functions="style"
|
|
1387 If both options do not work for you, but you would still want function
|
|
1388 declarations to be highlighted create your own definitions by changing the
|
|
1389 definitions in java.vim or by creating your own java.vim which includes the
|
|
1390 original one and then adds the code to highlight functions.
|
|
1391
|
237
|
1392 In Java 1.1 the functions System.out.println() and System.err.println() should
|
8
|
1393 only be used for debugging. Therefore it is possible to highlight debugging
|
237
|
1394 statements differently. To do this you must add the following definition in
|
7
|
1395 your startup file: >
|
|
1396 :let java_highlight_debug=1
|
|
1397 The result will be that those statements are highlighted as 'Special'
|
237
|
1398 characters. If you prefer to have them highlighted differently you must define
|
7
|
1399 new highlightings for the following groups.:
|
|
1400 Debug, DebugSpecial, DebugString, DebugBoolean, DebugType
|
|
1401 which are used for the statement itself, special characters used in debug
|
237
|
1402 strings, strings, boolean constants and types (this, super) respectively. I
|
7
|
1403 have opted to chose another background for those statements.
|
|
1404
|
|
1405 In order to help you to write code that can be easily ported between
|
237
|
1406 Java and C++, all C++ keywords are marked as error in a Java program.
|
7
|
1407 However, if you use them regularly, you may want to define the following
|
|
1408 variable in your .vimrc file: >
|
|
1409 :let java_allow_cpp_keywords=1
|
|
1410
|
237
|
1411 Javadoc is a program that takes special comments out of Java program files and
|
|
1412 creates HTML pages. The standard configuration will highlight this HTML code
|
|
1413 similarly to HTML files (see |html.vim|). You can even add Javascript
|
|
1414 and CSS inside this code (see below). There are four differences however:
|
7
|
1415 1. The title (all characters up to the first '.' which is followed by
|
|
1416 some white space or up to the first '@') is colored differently (to change
|
|
1417 the color change the group CommentTitle).
|
|
1418 2. The text is colored as 'Comment'.
|
|
1419 3. HTML comments are colored as 'Special'
|
237
|
1420 4. The special Javadoc tags (@see, @param, ...) are highlighted as specials
|
7
|
1421 and the argument (for @see, @param, @exception) as Function.
|
|
1422 To turn this feature off add the following line to your startup file: >
|
|
1423 :let java_ignore_javadoc=1
|
|
1424
|
237
|
1425 If you use the special Javadoc comment highlighting described above you
|
|
1426 can also turn on special highlighting for Javascript, visual basic
|
|
1427 scripts and embedded CSS (stylesheets). This makes only sense if you
|
|
1428 actually have Javadoc comments that include either Javascript or embedded
|
|
1429 CSS. The options to use are >
|
7
|
1430 :let java_javascript=1
|
|
1431 :let java_css=1
|
|
1432 :let java_vb=1
|
|
1433
|
|
1434 In order to highlight nested parens with different colors define colors
|
|
1435 for javaParen, javaParen1 and javaParen2, for example with >
|
|
1436 :hi link javaParen Comment
|
|
1437 or >
|
|
1438 :hi javaParen ctermfg=blue guifg=#0000ff
|
|
1439
|
|
1440 If you notice highlighting errors while scrolling backwards, which are fixed
|
|
1441 when redrawing with CTRL-L, try setting the "java_minlines" internal variable
|
|
1442 to a larger number: >
|
|
1443 :let java_minlines = 50
|
|
1444 This will make the syntax synchronization start 50 lines before the first
|
|
1445 displayed line. The default value is 10. The disadvantage of using a larger
|
|
1446 number is that redrawing can become slow.
|
|
1447
|
|
1448
|
|
1449 LACE *lace.vim* *lace-syntax*
|
|
1450
|
|
1451 Lace (Language for Assembly of Classes in Eiffel) is case insensitive, but the
|
|
1452 style guide lines are not. If you prefer case insensitive highlighting, just
|
|
1453 define the vim variable 'lace_case_insensitive' in your startup file: >
|
|
1454 :let lace_case_insensitive=1
|
|
1455
|
|
1456
|
|
1457 LEX *lex.vim* *lex-syntax*
|
|
1458
|
|
1459 Lex uses brute-force synchronizing as the "^%%$" section delimiter
|
|
1460 gives no clue as to what section follows. Consequently, the value for >
|
|
1461 :syn sync minlines=300
|
|
1462 may be changed by the user if s/he is experiencing synchronization
|
|
1463 difficulties (such as may happen with large lex files).
|
|
1464
|
|
1465
|
|
1466 LITE *lite.vim* *lite-syntax*
|
|
1467
|
|
1468 There are two options for the lite syntax highlighting.
|
|
1469
|
|
1470 If you like SQL syntax highlighting inside Strings, use this: >
|
|
1471
|
|
1472 :let lite_sql_query = 1
|
|
1473
|
|
1474 For syncing, minlines defaults to 100. If you prefer another value, you can
|
|
1475 set "lite_minlines" to the value you desire. Example: >
|
|
1476
|
|
1477 :let lite_minlines = 200
|
|
1478
|
|
1479
|
|
1480 LPC *lpc.vim* *lpc-syntax*
|
|
1481
|
237
|
1482 LPC stands for a simple, memory-efficient language: Lars Pensj| C. The
|
7
|
1483 file name of LPC is usually *.c. Recognizing these files as LPC would bother
|
|
1484 users writing only C programs. If you want to use LPC syntax in Vim, you
|
|
1485 should set a variable in your .vimrc file: >
|
|
1486
|
|
1487 :let lpc_syntax_for_c = 1
|
|
1488
|
|
1489 If it doesn't work properly for some particular C or LPC files, use a
|
|
1490 modeline. For a LPC file:
|
|
1491
|
|
1492 // vim:set ft=lpc:
|
|
1493
|
|
1494 For a C file that is recognized as LPC:
|
|
1495
|
|
1496 // vim:set ft=c:
|
|
1497
|
|
1498 If you don't want to set the variable, use the modeline in EVERY LPC file.
|
|
1499
|
|
1500 There are several implementations for LPC, we intend to support most widely
|
237
|
1501 used ones. Here the default LPC syntax is for MudOS series, for MudOS v22
|
7
|
1502 and before, you should turn off the sensible modifiers, and this will also
|
|
1503 asserts the new efuns after v22 to be invalid, don't set this variable when
|
|
1504 you are using the latest version of MudOS: >
|
|
1505
|
|
1506 :let lpc_pre_v22 = 1
|
|
1507
|
|
1508 For LpMud 3.2 series of LPC: >
|
|
1509
|
|
1510 :let lpc_compat_32 = 1
|
|
1511
|
|
1512 For LPC4 series of LPC: >
|
|
1513
|
|
1514 :let lpc_use_lpc4_syntax = 1
|
|
1515
|
|
1516 For uLPC series of LPC:
|
|
1517 uLPC has been developed to Pike, so you should use Pike syntax
|
|
1518 instead, and the name of your source file should be *.pike
|
|
1519
|
|
1520
|
|
1521 LUA *lua.vim* *lua-syntax*
|
|
1522
|
237
|
1523 This syntax file may be used for Lua 4.0 and Lua 5.0 (default). If you are
|
7
|
1524 programming in Lua 4.0, use this: >
|
|
1525
|
|
1526 :let lua_version = 4
|
|
1527
|
|
1528 If lua_version variable doesn't exist, it is set to 5.
|
|
1529
|
|
1530
|
|
1531 MAIL *mail.vim*
|
|
1532
|
|
1533 Vim highlights all the standard elements of an email (headers, signatures,
|
237
|
1534 quoted text and URLs / email addresses). In keeping with standard conventions,
|
7
|
1535 signatures begin in a line containing only "--" followed optionally by
|
|
1536 whitespaces and end with a newline.
|
|
1537
|
|
1538 Vim treats lines beginning with ']', '}', '|', '>' or a word followed by '>'
|
237
|
1539 as quoted text. However Vim highlights headers and signatures in quoted text
|
7
|
1540 only if the text is quoted with '>' (optionally followed by one space).
|
|
1541
|
|
1542 By default mail.vim synchronises syntax to 100 lines before the first
|
237
|
1543 displayed line. If you have a slow machine, and generally deal with emails
|
7
|
1544 with short headers, you can change this to a smaller value: >
|
|
1545
|
|
1546 :let mail_minlines = 30
|
|
1547
|
|
1548
|
|
1549 MAKE *make.vim* *make-syntax*
|
|
1550
|
|
1551 In makefiles, commands are usually highlighted to make it easy for you to spot
|
|
1552 errors. However, this may be too much coloring for you. You can turn this
|
|
1553 feature off by using: >
|
|
1554
|
|
1555 :let make_no_commands = 1
|
|
1556
|
|
1557
|
|
1558 MAPLE *maple.vim* *maple-syntax*
|
|
1559
|
|
1560 Maple V, by Waterloo Maple Inc, supports symbolic algebra. The language
|
|
1561 supports many packages of functions which are selectively loaded by the user.
|
|
1562 The standard set of packages' functions as supplied in Maple V release 4 may be
|
|
1563 highlighted at the user's discretion. Users may place in their .vimrc file: >
|
|
1564
|
|
1565 :let mvpkg_all= 1
|
|
1566
|
|
1567 to get all package functions highlighted, or users may select any subset by
|
|
1568 choosing a variable/package from the table below and setting that variable to
|
|
1569 1, also in their .vimrc file (prior to sourcing
|
|
1570 $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/syntax.vim).
|
|
1571
|
|
1572 Table of Maple V Package Function Selectors >
|
|
1573 mv_DEtools mv_genfunc mv_networks mv_process
|
|
1574 mv_Galois mv_geometry mv_numapprox mv_simplex
|
|
1575 mv_GaussInt mv_grobner mv_numtheory mv_stats
|
|
1576 mv_LREtools mv_group mv_orthopoly mv_student
|
|
1577 mv_combinat mv_inttrans mv_padic mv_sumtools
|
|
1578 mv_combstruct mv_liesymm mv_plots mv_tensor
|
|
1579 mv_difforms mv_linalg mv_plottools mv_totorder
|
|
1580 mv_finance mv_logic mv_powseries
|
|
1581
|
|
1582
|
271
|
1583 MATHEMATICA *mma.vim* *mma-syntax* *mathematica-syntax*
|
|
1584
|
|
1585 Empty *.m files will automatically be presumed to be Matlab files unless you
|
|
1586 have the following in your .vimrc: >
|
|
1587
|
|
1588 let filetype_m = "mma"
|
|
1589
|
|
1590
|
7
|
1591 MOO *moo.vim* *moo-syntax*
|
|
1592
|
|
1593 If you use C-style comments inside expressions and find it mangles your
|
|
1594 highlighting, you may want to use extended (slow!) matches for C-style
|
|
1595 comments: >
|
|
1596
|
|
1597 :let moo_extended_cstyle_comments = 1
|
|
1598
|
|
1599 To disable highlighting of pronoun substitution patterns inside strings: >
|
|
1600
|
|
1601 :let moo_no_pronoun_sub = 1
|
|
1602
|
|
1603 To disable highlighting of the regular expression operator '%|', and matching
|
|
1604 '%(' and '%)' inside strings: >
|
|
1605
|
|
1606 :let moo_no_regexp = 1
|
|
1607
|
|
1608 Unmatched double quotes can be recognized and highlighted as errors: >
|
|
1609
|
|
1610 :let moo_unmatched_quotes = 1
|
|
1611
|
|
1612 To highlight builtin properties (.name, .location, .programmer etc.): >
|
|
1613
|
|
1614 :let moo_builtin_properties = 1
|
|
1615
|
237
|
1616 Unknown builtin functions can be recognized and highlighted as errors. If you
|
7
|
1617 use this option, add your own extensions to the mooKnownBuiltinFunction group.
|
|
1618 To enable this option: >
|
|
1619
|
|
1620 :let moo_unknown_builtin_functions = 1
|
|
1621
|
|
1622 An example of adding sprintf() to the list of known builtin functions: >
|
|
1623
|
|
1624 :syn keyword mooKnownBuiltinFunction sprintf contained
|
|
1625
|
|
1626
|
|
1627 MSQL *msql.vim* *msql-syntax*
|
|
1628
|
|
1629 There are two options for the msql syntax highlighting.
|
|
1630
|
|
1631 If you like SQL syntax highlighting inside Strings, use this: >
|
|
1632
|
|
1633 :let msql_sql_query = 1
|
|
1634
|
|
1635 For syncing, minlines defaults to 100. If you prefer another value, you can
|
|
1636 set "msql_minlines" to the value you desire. Example: >
|
|
1637
|
|
1638 :let msql_minlines = 200
|
|
1639
|
|
1640
|
|
1641 NCF *ncf.vim* *ncf-syntax*
|
|
1642
|
|
1643 There is one option for NCF syntax highlighting.
|
|
1644
|
|
1645 If you want to have unrecognized (by ncf.vim) statements highlighted as
|
|
1646 errors, use this: >
|
|
1647
|
|
1648 :let ncf_highlight_unknowns = 1
|
|
1649
|
|
1650 If you don't want to highlight these errors, leave it unset.
|
|
1651
|
|
1652
|
|
1653 NROFF *nroff.vim* *nroff-syntax*
|
|
1654
|
|
1655 The nroff syntax file works with AT&T n/troff out of the box. You need to
|
|
1656 activate the GNU groff extra features included in the syntax file before you
|
|
1657 can use them.
|
|
1658
|
|
1659 For example, Linux and BSD distributions use groff as their default text
|
237
|
1660 processing package. In order to activate the extra syntax highlighting
|
7
|
1661 features for groff, add the following option to your start-up files: >
|
|
1662
|
|
1663 :let b:nroff_is_groff = 1
|
|
1664
|
|
1665 Groff is different from the old AT&T n/troff that you may still find in
|
|
1666 Solaris. Groff macro and request names can be longer than 2 characters and
|
|
1667 there are extensions to the language primitives. For example, in AT&T troff
|
237
|
1668 you access the year as a 2-digit number with the request \(yr. In groff you
|
7
|
1669 can use the same request, recognized for compatibility, or you can use groff's
|
|
1670 native syntax, \[yr]. Furthermore, you can use a 4-digit year directly:
|
|
1671 \[year]. Macro requests can be longer than 2 characters, for example, GNU mm
|
|
1672 accepts the requests ".VERBON" and ".VERBOFF" for creating verbatim
|
|
1673 environments.
|
|
1674
|
|
1675 In order to obtain the best formatted output g/troff can give you, you should
|
|
1676 follow a few simple rules about spacing and punctuation.
|
|
1677
|
|
1678 1. Do not leave empty spaces at the end of lines.
|
|
1679
|
|
1680 2. Leave one space and one space only after an end-of-sentence period,
|
|
1681 exclamation mark, etc.
|
|
1682
|
|
1683 3. For reasons stated below, it is best to follow all period marks with a
|
|
1684 carriage return.
|
|
1685
|
|
1686 The reason behind these unusual tips is that g/n/troff have a line breaking
|
|
1687 algorithm that can be easily upset if you don't follow the rules given above.
|
|
1688
|
|
1689 Unlike TeX, troff fills text line-by-line, not paragraph-by-paragraph and,
|
|
1690 furthermore, it does not have a concept of glue or stretch, all horizontal and
|
|
1691 vertical space input will be output as is.
|
|
1692
|
|
1693 Therefore, you should be careful about not using more space between sentences
|
|
1694 than you intend to have in your final document. For this reason, the common
|
|
1695 practice is to insert a carriage return immediately after all punctuation
|
237
|
1696 marks. If you want to have "even" text in your final processed output, you
|
7
|
1697 need to maintaining regular spacing in the input text. To mark both trailing
|
|
1698 spaces and two or more spaces after a punctuation as an error, use: >
|
|
1699
|
|
1700 :let nroff_space_errors = 1
|
|
1701
|
|
1702 Another technique to detect extra spacing and other errors that will interfere
|
|
1703 with the correct typesetting of your file, is to define an eye-catching
|
|
1704 highlighting definition for the syntax groups "nroffDefinition" and
|
237
|
1705 "nroffDefSpecial" in your configuration files. For example: >
|
7
|
1706
|
|
1707 hi def nroffDefinition term=italic cterm=italic gui=reverse
|
|
1708 hi def nroffDefSpecial term=italic,bold cterm=italic,bold
|
|
1709 \ gui=reverse,bold
|
|
1710
|
|
1711 If you want to navigate preprocessor entries in your source file as easily as
|
|
1712 with section markers, you can activate the following option in your .vimrc
|
|
1713 file: >
|
|
1714
|
|
1715 let b:preprocs_as_sections = 1
|
|
1716
|
9
|
1717 As well, the syntax file adds an extra paragraph marker for the extended
|
7
|
1718 paragraph macro (.XP) in the ms package.
|
|
1719
|
|
1720 Finally, there is a |groff.vim| syntax file that can be used for enabling
|
|
1721 groff syntax highlighting either on a file basis or globally by default.
|
|
1722
|
|
1723
|
|
1724 OCAML *ocaml.vim* *ocaml-syntax*
|
|
1725
|
|
1726 The OCaml syntax file handles files having the following prefixes: .ml,
|
|
1727 .mli, .mll and .mly. By setting the following variable >
|
|
1728
|
|
1729 :let ocaml_revised = 1
|
|
1730
|
|
1731 you can switch from standard OCaml-syntax to revised syntax as supported
|
|
1732 by the camlp4 preprocessor. Setting the variable >
|
|
1733
|
|
1734 :let ocaml_noend_error = 1
|
|
1735
|
|
1736 prevents highlighting of "end" as error, which is useful when sources
|
|
1737 contain very long structures that Vim does not synchronize anymore.
|
|
1738
|
|
1739
|
|
1740 PAPP *papp.vim* *papp-syntax*
|
|
1741
|
|
1742 The PApp syntax file handles .papp files and, to a lesser extend, .pxml
|
|
1743 and .pxsl files which are all a mixture of perl/xml/html/other using xml
|
237
|
1744 as the top-level file format. By default everything inside phtml or pxml
|
|
1745 sections is treated as a string with embedded preprocessor commands. If
|
7
|
1746 you set the variable: >
|
|
1747
|
|
1748 :let papp_include_html=1
|
|
1749
|
|
1750 in your startup file it will try to syntax-hilight html code inside phtml
|
|
1751 sections, but this is relatively slow and much too colourful to be able to
|
237
|
1752 edit sensibly. ;)
|
7
|
1753
|
|
1754 The newest version of the papp.vim syntax file can usually be found at
|
|
1755 http://papp.plan9.de.
|
|
1756
|
|
1757
|
|
1758 PASCAL *pascal.vim* *pascal-syntax*
|
|
1759
|
|
1760 Files matching "*.p" could be Progress or Pascal. If the automatic detection
|
|
1761 doesn't work for you, or you don't edit Progress at all, use this in your
|
|
1762 startup vimrc: >
|
|
1763
|
|
1764 :let filetype_p = "pascal"
|
|
1765
|
|
1766 The Pascal syntax file has been extended to take into account some extensions
|
|
1767 provided by Turbo Pascal, Free Pascal Compiler and GNU Pascal Compiler.
|
237
|
1768 Delphi keywords are also supported. By default, Turbo Pascal 7.0 features are
|
7
|
1769 enabled. If you prefer to stick with the standard Pascal keywords, add the
|
|
1770 following line to your startup file: >
|
|
1771
|
|
1772 :let pascal_traditional=1
|
|
1773
|
|
1774 To switch on Delphi specific constructions (such as one-line comments,
|
|
1775 keywords, etc): >
|
|
1776
|
|
1777 :let pascal_delphi=1
|
|
1778
|
|
1779
|
|
1780 The option pascal_symbol_operator controls whether symbol operators such as +,
|
|
1781 *, .., etc. are displayed using the Operator color or not. To colorize symbol
|
|
1782 operators, add the following line to your startup file: >
|
|
1783
|
|
1784 :let pascal_symbol_operator=1
|
|
1785
|
|
1786 Some functions are highlighted by default. To switch it off: >
|
|
1787
|
|
1788 :let pascal_no_functions=1
|
|
1789
|
|
1790 Furthermore, there are specific variable for some compiler. Besides
|
|
1791 pascal_delphi, there are pascal_gpc and pascal_fpc. Default extensions try to
|
|
1792 match Turbo Pascal. >
|
|
1793
|
|
1794 :let pascal_gpc=1
|
|
1795
|
|
1796 or >
|
|
1797
|
|
1798 :let pascal_fpc=1
|
|
1799
|
|
1800 To ensure that strings are defined on a single line, you can define the
|
|
1801 pascal_one_line_string variable. >
|
|
1802
|
|
1803 :let pascal_one_line_string=1
|
|
1804
|
|
1805 If you dislike <Tab> chars, you can set the pascal_no_tabs variable. Tabs
|
|
1806 will be highlighted as Error. >
|
|
1807
|
|
1808 :let pascal_no_tabs=1
|
|
1809
|
|
1810
|
|
1811
|
|
1812 PERL *perl.vim* *perl-syntax*
|
|
1813
|
|
1814 There are a number of possible options to the perl syntax highlighting.
|
|
1815
|
|
1816 If you use POD files or POD segments, you might: >
|
|
1817
|
|
1818 :let perl_include_pod = 1
|
|
1819
|
22
|
1820 The reduce the complexity of parsing (and increase performance) you can switch
|
|
1821 off two elements in the parsing of variable names and contents. >
|
|
1822
|
|
1823 To handle package references in variable and function names not differently
|
|
1824 from the rest of the name (like 'PkgName::' in '$PkgName::VarName'): >
|
|
1825
|
|
1826 :let perl_no_scope_in_variables = 1
|
|
1827
|
|
1828 (In Vim 6.x it was the other way around: "perl_want_scope_in_variables"
|
|
1829 enabled it.)
|
|
1830
|
|
1831 If you do not want complex things like '@{${"foo"}}' to be parsed: >
|
|
1832
|
|
1833 :let perl_no_extended_vars = 1
|
|
1834
|
26
|
1835 (In Vim 6.x it was the other way around: "perl_extended_vars" enabled it.)
|
7
|
1836
|
237
|
1837 The coloring strings can be changed. By default strings and qq friends will be
|
|
1838 highlighted like the first line. If you set the variable
|
7
|
1839 perl_string_as_statement, it will be highlighted as in the second line.
|
|
1840
|
|
1841 "hello world!"; qq|hello world|;
|
|
1842 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^NN^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^N (unlet perl_string_as_statement)
|
|
1843 S^^^^^^^^^^^^SNNSSS^^^^^^^^^^^SN (let perl_string_as_statement)
|
|
1844
|
|
1845 (^ = perlString, S = perlStatement, N = None at all)
|
|
1846
|
237
|
1847 The syncing has 3 options. The first two switch off some triggering of
|
7
|
1848 synchronization and should only be needed in case it fails to work properly.
|
|
1849 If while scrolling all of a sudden the whole screen changes color completely
|
237
|
1850 then you should try and switch off one of those. Let me know if you can figure
|
7
|
1851 out the line that causes the mistake.
|
|
1852
|
|
1853 One triggers on "^\s*sub\s*" and the other on "^[$@%]" more or less. >
|
|
1854
|
|
1855 :let perl_no_sync_on_sub
|
|
1856 :let perl_no_sync_on_global_var
|
|
1857
|
|
1858 Below you can set the maximum distance VIM should look for starting points for
|
|
1859 its attempts in syntax highlighting. >
|
|
1860
|
|
1861 :let perl_sync_dist = 100
|
|
1862
|
|
1863 If you want to use folding with perl, set perl_fold: >
|
|
1864
|
22
|
1865 :let perl_fold = 1
|
|
1866
|
|
1867 If you want to fold blocks in if statements, etc. as well set the following: >
|
|
1868
|
|
1869 :let perl_fold_blocks = 1
|
7
|
1870
|
|
1871
|
|
1872 PHP3 and PHP4 *php.vim* *php3.vim* *php-syntax* *php3-syntax*
|
|
1873
|
|
1874 [note: previously this was called "php3", but since it now also supports php4
|
|
1875 it has been renamed to "php"]
|
|
1876
|
|
1877 There are the following options for the php syntax highlighting.
|
|
1878
|
|
1879 If you like SQL syntax highlighting inside Strings: >
|
|
1880
|
|
1881 let php_sql_query = 1
|
|
1882
|
|
1883 For highlighting the Baselib methods: >
|
|
1884
|
|
1885 let php_baselib = 1
|
|
1886
|
|
1887 Enable HTML syntax highlighting inside strings: >
|
|
1888
|
|
1889 let php_htmlInStrings = 1
|
|
1890
|
|
1891 Using the old colorstyle: >
|
|
1892
|
|
1893 let php_oldStyle = 1
|
|
1894
|
|
1895 Enable highlighting ASP-style short tags: >
|
|
1896
|
|
1897 let php_asp_tags = 1
|
|
1898
|
|
1899 Disable short tags: >
|
|
1900
|
|
1901 let php_noShortTags = 1
|
|
1902
|
|
1903 For highlighting parent error ] or ): >
|
|
1904
|
|
1905 let php_parent_error_close = 1
|
|
1906
|
|
1907 For skipping an php end tag, if there exists an open ( or [ without a closing
|
|
1908 one: >
|
|
1909
|
|
1910 let php_parent_error_open = 1
|
|
1911
|
|
1912 Enable folding for classes and functions: >
|
|
1913
|
|
1914 let php_folding = 1
|
|
1915
|
|
1916 Selecting syncing method: >
|
|
1917
|
|
1918 let php_sync_method = x
|
|
1919
|
|
1920 x = -1 to sync by search (default),
|
|
1921 x > 0 to sync at least x lines backwards,
|
|
1922 x = 0 to sync from start.
|
|
1923
|
|
1924
|
|
1925 PPWIZARD *ppwiz.vim* *ppwiz-syntax*
|
|
1926
|
|
1927 PPWizard is a preprocessor for HTML and OS/2 INF files
|
|
1928
|
|
1929 This syntax file has the options:
|
|
1930
|
|
1931 - ppwiz_highlight_defs : determines highlighting mode for PPWizard's
|
237
|
1932 definitions. Possible values are
|
7
|
1933
|
|
1934 ppwiz_highlight_defs = 1 : PPWizard #define statements retain the
|
237
|
1935 colors of their contents (e.g. PPWizard macros and variables)
|
7
|
1936
|
|
1937 ppwiz_highlight_defs = 2 : preprocessor #define and #evaluate
|
|
1938 statements are shown in a single color with the exception of line
|
|
1939 continuation symbols
|
|
1940
|
|
1941 The default setting for ppwiz_highlight_defs is 1.
|
|
1942
|
|
1943 - ppwiz_with_html : If the value is 1 (the default), highlight literal
|
|
1944 HTML code; if 0, treat HTML code like ordinary text.
|
|
1945
|
|
1946
|
|
1947 PHTML *phtml.vim* *phtml-syntax*
|
|
1948
|
|
1949 There are two options for the phtml syntax highlighting.
|
|
1950
|
|
1951 If you like SQL syntax highlighting inside Strings, use this: >
|
|
1952
|
|
1953 :let phtml_sql_query = 1
|
|
1954
|
|
1955 For syncing, minlines defaults to 100. If you prefer another value, you can
|
|
1956 set "phtml_minlines" to the value you desire. Example: >
|
|
1957
|
|
1958 :let phtml_minlines = 200
|
|
1959
|
|
1960
|
|
1961 POSTSCRIPT *postscr.vim* *postscr-syntax*
|
|
1962
|
|
1963 There are several options when it comes to highlighting PostScript.
|
|
1964
|
|
1965 First which version of the PostScript language to highlight. There are
|
|
1966 currently three defined language versions, or levels. Level 1 is the original
|
|
1967 and base version, and includes all extensions prior to the release of level 2.
|
|
1968 Level 2 is the most common version around, and includes its own set of
|
|
1969 extensions prior to the release of level 3. Level 3 is currently the highest
|
|
1970 level supported. You select which level of the PostScript language you want
|
|
1971 highlighted by defining the postscr_level variable as follows: >
|
|
1972
|
|
1973 :let postscr_level=2
|
|
1974
|
|
1975 If this variable is not defined it defaults to 2 (level 2) since this is
|
|
1976 the most prevalent version currently.
|
|
1977
|
|
1978 Note, not all PS interpreters will support all language features for a
|
|
1979 particular language level. In particular the %!PS-Adobe-3.0 at the start of
|
|
1980 PS files does NOT mean the PostScript present is level 3 PostScript!
|
|
1981
|
|
1982 If you are working with Display PostScript, you can include highlighting of
|
|
1983 Display PS language features by defining the postscr_display variable as
|
|
1984 follows: >
|
|
1985
|
|
1986 :let postscr_display=1
|
|
1987
|
|
1988 If you are working with Ghostscript, you can include highlighting of
|
|
1989 Ghostscript specific language features by defining the variable
|
|
1990 postscr_ghostscript as follows: >
|
|
1991
|
|
1992 :let postscr_ghostscript=1
|
|
1993
|
|
1994 PostScript is a large language, with many predefined elements. While it
|
|
1995 useful to have all these elements highlighted, on slower machines this can
|
|
1996 cause Vim to slow down. In an attempt to be machine friendly font names and
|
|
1997 character encodings are not highlighted by default. Unless you are working
|
|
1998 explicitly with either of these this should be ok. If you want them to be
|
|
1999 highlighted you should set one or both of the following variables: >
|
|
2000
|
|
2001 :let postscr_fonts=1
|
|
2002 :let postscr_encodings=1
|
|
2003
|
|
2004 There is a stylistic option to the highlighting of and, or, and not. In
|
|
2005 PostScript the function of these operators depends on the types of their
|
|
2006 operands - if the operands are booleans then they are the logical operators,
|
|
2007 if they are integers then they are binary operators. As binary and logical
|
|
2008 operators can be highlighted differently they have to be highlighted one way
|
|
2009 or the other. By default they are treated as logical operators. They can be
|
|
2010 highlighted as binary operators by defining the variable
|
|
2011 postscr_andornot_binary as follows: >
|
|
2012
|
|
2013 :let postscr_andornot_binary=1
|
|
2014 <
|
|
2015
|
|
2016 *ptcap.vim*
|
|
2017 PRINTCAP + TERMCAP *ptcap-syntax* *termcap-syntax* *printcap-syntax*
|
|
2018
|
|
2019 This syntax file applies to the printcap and termcap databases.
|
|
2020
|
|
2021 In order for Vim to recognize printcap/termcap files that do not match
|
|
2022 the patterns *printcap*, or *termcap*, you must put additional patterns
|
|
2023 appropriate to your system in your |myfiletypefile| file. For these
|
|
2024 patterns, you must set the variable "b:ptcap_type" to either "print" or
|
|
2025 "term", and then the 'filetype' option to ptcap.
|
|
2026
|
|
2027 For example, to make Vim identify all files in /etc/termcaps/ as termcap
|
|
2028 files, add the following: >
|
|
2029
|
|
2030 :au BufNewFile,BufRead /etc/termcaps/* let b:ptcap_type = "term" |
|
|
2031 \ set filetype=ptcap
|
|
2032
|
|
2033 If you notice highlighting errors while scrolling backwards, which
|
|
2034 are fixed when redrawing with CTRL-L, try setting the "ptcap_minlines"
|
|
2035 internal variable to a larger number: >
|
|
2036
|
|
2037 :let ptcap_minlines = 50
|
|
2038
|
|
2039 (The default is 20 lines.)
|
|
2040
|
|
2041
|
|
2042 PROGRESS *progress.vim* *progress-syntax*
|
|
2043
|
|
2044 Files matching "*.w" could be Progress or cweb. If the automatic detection
|
|
2045 doesn't work for you, or you don't edit cweb at all, use this in your
|
|
2046 startup vimrc: >
|
|
2047 :let filetype_w = "progress"
|
|
2048 The same happens for "*.i", which could be assembly, and "*.p", which could be
|
|
2049 Pascal. Use this if you don't use assembly and Pascal: >
|
|
2050 :let filetype_i = "progress"
|
|
2051 :let filetype_p = "progress"
|
|
2052
|
|
2053
|
|
2054 PYTHON *python.vim* *python-syntax*
|
|
2055
|
|
2056 There are four options to control Python syntax highlighting.
|
|
2057
|
|
2058 For highlighted numbers: >
|
|
2059 :let python_highlight_numbers = 1
|
|
2060
|
|
2061 For highlighted builtin functions: >
|
|
2062 :let python_highlight_builtins = 1
|
|
2063
|
|
2064 For highlighted standard exceptions: >
|
|
2065 :let python_highlight_exceptions = 1
|
|
2066
|
|
2067 For highlighted trailing whitespace and mix of spaces and tabs:
|
|
2068 :let python_highlight_space_errors = 1
|
|
2069
|
|
2070 If you want all possible Python highlighting (the same as setting the
|
|
2071 preceding three options): >
|
|
2072 :let python_highlight_all = 1
|
|
2073
|
|
2074
|
|
2075 QUAKE *quake.vim* *quake-syntax*
|
|
2076
|
|
2077 The Quake syntax definition should work for most any FPS (First Person
|
237
|
2078 Shooter) based on one of the Quake engines. However, the command names vary
|
7
|
2079 a bit between the three games (Quake, Quake 2, and Quake 3 Arena) so the
|
|
2080 syntax definition checks for the existence of three global variables to allow
|
237
|
2081 users to specify what commands are legal in their files. The three variables
|
7
|
2082 can be set for the following effects:
|
|
2083
|
|
2084 set to highlight commands only available in Quake: >
|
|
2085 :let quake_is_quake1 = 1
|
|
2086
|
|
2087 set to highlight commands only available in Quake 2: >
|
|
2088 :let quake_is_quake2 = 1
|
|
2089
|
|
2090 set to highlight commands only available in Quake 3 Arena: >
|
|
2091 :let quake_is_quake3 = 1
|
|
2092
|
|
2093 Any combination of these three variables is legal, but might highlight more
|
|
2094 commands than are actually available to you by the game.
|
|
2095
|
|
2096
|
|
2097 READLINE *readline.vim* *readline-syntax*
|
|
2098
|
|
2099 The readline library is primarily used by the BASH shell, which adds quite a
|
237
|
2100 few commands and options to the ones already available. To highlight these
|
7
|
2101 items as well you can add the following to your |vimrc| or just type it in the
|
|
2102 command line before loading a file with the readline syntax: >
|
|
2103 let readline_has_bash = 1
|
|
2104
|
|
2105 This will add highlighting for the commands that BASH (version 2.05a and
|
|
2106 later, and part earlier) adds.
|
|
2107
|
|
2108
|
|
2109 REXX *rexx.vim* *rexx-syntax*
|
|
2110
|
|
2111 If you notice highlighting errors while scrolling backwards, which are fixed
|
|
2112 when redrawing with CTRL-L, try setting the "rexx_minlines" internal variable
|
|
2113 to a larger number: >
|
|
2114 :let rexx_minlines = 50
|
|
2115 This will make the syntax synchronization start 50 lines before the first
|
|
2116 displayed line. The default value is 10. The disadvantage of using a larger
|
|
2117 number is that redrawing can become slow.
|
|
2118
|
|
2119
|
|
2120 RUBY *ruby.vim* *ruby-syntax*
|
|
2121
|
|
2122 There are a few options to the Ruby syntax highlighting.
|
|
2123
|
|
2124 By default, the "end" keyword is colorized according to the opening statement
|
237
|
2125 of the block it closes. While useful, this feature can be expensive: if you
|
7
|
2126 experience slow redrawing (or you are on a terminal with poor color support)
|
|
2127 you may want to turn it off by defining the "ruby_no_expensive" variable: >
|
|
2128 :let ruby_no_expensive = 1
|
|
2129 In this case the same color will be used for all control keywords.
|
|
2130
|
|
2131 If you do want this feature enabled, but notice highlighting errors while
|
|
2132 scrolling backwards, which are fixed when redrawing with CTRL-L, try setting
|
|
2133 the "ruby_minlines" variable to a value larger than 50: >
|
|
2134 :let ruby_minlines = 100
|
|
2135 Ideally, this value should be a number of lines large enough to embrace your
|
|
2136 largest class or module.
|
|
2137
|
|
2138 Finally, if you do not like to see too many color items around, you can define
|
|
2139 "ruby_no_identifiers": >
|
|
2140 :let ruby_no_identifiers = 1
|
|
2141 This will prevent highlighting of special identifiers like "ConstantName",
|
|
2142 "$global_var", "@instance_var", "| iterator |", and ":symbol".
|
|
2143
|
|
2144
|
17
|
2145 SCHEME *scheme.vim* *scheme-syntax*
|
|
2146
|
|
2147 By default only R5RS keywords are highlighted and properly indented.
|
|
2148
|
|
2149 MzScheme-specific stuff will be used if b:is_mzscheme or g:is_mzscheme
|
|
2150 variables are defined.
|
36
|
2151
|
|
2152 Also scheme.vim supports keywords of the Chicken Scheme->C compiler. Define
|
|
2153 b:is_chicken or g:is_chicken, if you need them.
|
17
|
2154
|
|
2155
|
7
|
2156 SDL *sdl.vim* *sdl-syntax*
|
|
2157
|
|
2158 The SDL highlighting probably misses a few keywords, but SDL has so many
|
|
2159 of them it's almost impossibly to cope.
|
|
2160
|
|
2161 The new standard, SDL-2000, specifies that all identifiers are
|
|
2162 case-sensitive (which was not so before), and that all keywords can be
|
237
|
2163 used either completely lowercase or completely uppercase. To have the
|
7
|
2164 highlighting reflect this, you can set the following variable: >
|
|
2165 :let sdl_2000=1
|
|
2166
|
237
|
2167 This also sets many new keywords. If you want to disable the old
|
7
|
2168 keywords, which is probably a good idea, use: >
|
|
2169 :let SDL_no_96=1
|
|
2170
|
|
2171
|
|
2172 The indentation is probably also incomplete, but right now I am very
|
|
2173 satisfied with it for my own projects.
|
|
2174
|
|
2175
|
|
2176 SED *sed.vim* *sed-syntax*
|
|
2177
|
|
2178 To make tabs stand out from regular blanks (accomplished by using Todo
|
|
2179 highlighting on the tabs), define "highlight_sedtabs" by putting >
|
|
2180
|
|
2181 :let highlight_sedtabs = 1
|
|
2182
|
|
2183 in the vimrc file. (This special highlighting only applies for tabs
|
|
2184 inside search patterns, replacement texts, addresses or text included
|
|
2185 by an Append/Change/Insert command.) If you enable this option, it is
|
|
2186 also a good idea to set the tab width to one character; by doing that,
|
|
2187 you can easily count the number of tabs in a string.
|
|
2188
|
|
2189 Bugs:
|
|
2190
|
|
2191 The transform command (y) is treated exactly like the substitute
|
|
2192 command. This means that, as far as this syntax file is concerned,
|
|
2193 transform accepts the same flags as substitute, which is wrong.
|
|
2194 (Transform accepts no flags.) I tolerate this bug because the
|
|
2195 involved commands need very complex treatment (95 patterns, one for
|
|
2196 each plausible pattern delimiter).
|
|
2197
|
|
2198
|
|
2199 SGML *sgml.vim* *sgml-syntax*
|
|
2200
|
|
2201 The coloring scheme for tags in the SGML file works as follows.
|
|
2202
|
|
2203 The <> of opening tags are colored differently than the </> of a closing tag.
|
|
2204 This is on purpose! For opening tags the 'Function' color is used, while for
|
|
2205 closing tags the 'Type' color is used (See syntax.vim to check how those are
|
|
2206 defined for you)
|
|
2207
|
|
2208 Known tag names are colored the same way as statements in C. Unknown tag
|
|
2209 names are not colored which makes it easy to spot errors.
|
|
2210
|
237
|
2211 Note that the same is true for argument (or attribute) names. Known attribute
|
7
|
2212 names are colored differently than unknown ones.
|
|
2213
|
237
|
2214 Some SGML tags are used to change the rendering of text. The following tags
|
7
|
2215 are recognized by the sgml.vim syntax coloring file and change the way normal
|
|
2216 text is shown: <varname> <emphasis> <command> <function> <literal>
|
|
2217 <replaceable> <ulink> and <link>.
|
|
2218
|
|
2219 If you want to change how such text is rendered, you must redefine the
|
|
2220 following syntax groups:
|
|
2221
|
|
2222 - sgmlBold
|
|
2223 - sgmlBoldItalic
|
|
2224 - sgmlUnderline
|
|
2225 - sgmlItalic
|
|
2226 - sgmlLink for links
|
|
2227
|
|
2228 To make this redefinition work you must redefine them all and define the
|
|
2229 following variable in your vimrc (this is due to the order in which the files
|
|
2230 are read during initialization) >
|
|
2231 let sgml_my_rendering=1
|
|
2232
|
|
2233 You can also disable this rendering by adding the following line to your
|
|
2234 vimrc file: >
|
|
2235 let sgml_no_rendering=1
|
|
2236
|
|
2237 (Adapted from the html.vim help text by Claudio Fleiner <claudio@fleiner.com>)
|
|
2238
|
|
2239
|
|
2240 SH *sh.vim* *sh-syntax*
|
|
2241
|
|
2242 This covers the "normal" Unix (Bourne) sh, bash and the Korn shell.
|
|
2243
|
|
2244 Vim attempts to determine which shell type is in use by specifying that
|
|
2245 various filenames are of specific types: >
|
|
2246
|
|
2247 ksh : .kshrc* *.ksh
|
|
2248 bash: .bashrc* bashrc bash.bashrc .bash_profile* *.bash
|
|
2249 <
|
|
2250 If none of these cases pertain, then the first line of the file is examined
|
|
2251 (ex. /bin/sh /bin/ksh /bin/bash). If the first line specifies a shelltype,
|
|
2252 then that shelltype is used. However some files (ex. .profile) are known to
|
|
2253 be shell files but the type is not apparent. Furthermore, on many systems
|
|
2254 sh is symbolically linked to "bash" (linux) or "ksh" (posix).
|
|
2255
|
|
2256 One may specify a global default by instantiating one of the following three
|
|
2257 variables in your <.vimrc>:
|
|
2258
|
|
2259 ksh: >
|
|
2260 let is_kornshell = 1
|
|
2261 < bash: >
|
|
2262 let is_bash = 1
|
|
2263 < sh: >
|
|
2264 let is_sh = 1
|
|
2265
|
|
2266 If, in your <.vimrc>, you set >
|
|
2267 let g:sh_fold_enabled= 1
|
|
2268 >
|
|
2269 then various syntax items (HereDocuments and function bodies) become
|
|
2270 syntax-foldable (see |:syn-fold|).
|
|
2271
|
|
2272 If you notice highlighting errors while scrolling backwards, which are fixed
|
|
2273 when redrawing with CTRL-L, try setting the "sh_minlines" internal variable
|
|
2274 to a larger number. Example: >
|
|
2275
|
|
2276 let sh_minlines = 500
|
|
2277
|
|
2278 This will make syntax synchronization start 500 lines before the first
|
|
2279 displayed line. The default value is 200. The disadvantage of using a larger
|
|
2280 number is that redrawing can become slow.
|
|
2281
|
|
2282 If you don't have much to synchronize on, displaying can be very slow. To
|
|
2283 reduce this, the "sh_maxlines" internal variable can be set. Example: >
|
|
2284
|
|
2285 let sh_maxlines = 100
|
|
2286 <
|
|
2287 The default is to use the twice sh_minlines. Set it to a smaller number to
|
|
2288 speed up displaying. The disadvantage is that highlight errors may appear.
|
|
2289
|
|
2290
|
|
2291 SPEEDUP (AspenTech plant simulator) *spup.vim* *spup-syntax*
|
|
2292
|
|
2293 The Speedup syntax file has some options:
|
|
2294
|
|
2295 - strict_subsections : If this variable is defined, only keywords for
|
|
2296 sections and subsections will be highlighted as statements but not
|
|
2297 other keywords (like WITHIN in the OPERATION section).
|
|
2298
|
|
2299 - highlight_types : Definition of this variable causes stream types
|
|
2300 like temperature or pressure to be highlighted as Type, not as a
|
237
|
2301 plain Identifier. Included are the types that are usually found in
|
7
|
2302 the DECLARE section; if you defined own types, you have to include
|
|
2303 them in the syntax file.
|
|
2304
|
|
2305 - oneline_comments : this value ranges from 1 to 3 and determines the
|
|
2306 highlighting of # style comments.
|
|
2307
|
|
2308 oneline_comments = 1 : allow normal Speedup code after an even
|
|
2309 number of #s.
|
|
2310
|
|
2311 oneline_comments = 2 : show code starting with the second # as
|
237
|
2312 error. This is the default setting.
|
7
|
2313
|
|
2314 oneline_comments = 3 : show the whole line as error if it contains
|
|
2315 more than one #.
|
|
2316
|
|
2317 Since especially OPERATION sections tend to become very large due to
|
237
|
2318 PRESETting variables, syncing may be critical. If your computer is
|
7
|
2319 fast enough, you can increase minlines and/or maxlines near the end of
|
|
2320 the syntax file.
|
|
2321
|
|
2322
|
22
|
2323 SQL *sql.vim* *sql-syntax*
|
|
2324 *sqlinformix.vim* *sqlinformix-syntax*
|
|
2325
|
|
2326 While there is an ANSI standard for SQL, most database engines add their
|
|
2327 own custom extensions. Vim currently supports the Oracle and Informix
|
|
2328 dialects of SQL. Vim assumes "*.sql" files are Oracle SQL by default.
|
|
2329
|
|
2330 If you want to use the Informix dialect, put this in your startup vimrc: >
|
|
2331 :let g:filetype_sql = "sqlinformix"
|
|
2332
|
|
2333
|
7
|
2334 TCSH *tcsh.vim* *tcsh-syntax*
|
|
2335
|
|
2336 This covers the shell named "tcsh". It is a superset of csh. See |csh.vim|
|
|
2337 for how the filetype is detected.
|
|
2338
|
|
2339 Tcsh does not allow \" in strings unless the "backslash_quote" shell variable
|
237
|
2340 is set. If you want VIM to assume that no backslash quote constructs exist add
|
7
|
2341 this line to your .vimrc: >
|
|
2342
|
|
2343 :let tcsh_backslash_quote = 0
|
|
2344
|
|
2345 If you notice highlighting errors while scrolling backwards, which are fixed
|
|
2346 when redrawing with CTRL-L, try setting the "tcsh_minlines" internal variable
|
|
2347 to a larger number: >
|
|
2348
|
|
2349 :let tcsh_minlines = 100
|
|
2350
|
|
2351 This will make the syntax synchronization start 100 lines before the first
|
237
|
2352 displayed line. The default value is 15. The disadvantage of using a larger
|
7
|
2353 number is that redrawing can become slow.
|
|
2354
|
|
2355
|
|
2356 TEX *tex.vim* *tex-syntax*
|
|
2357
|
|
2358 Run-on Comments/Math? ~
|
|
2359
|
|
2360 The tex highlighting supports TeX, LaTeX, and some AmsTeX. The
|
|
2361 highlighting supports three primary zones: normal, texZone, and texMathZone.
|
|
2362 Although a considerable effort has been made to have these zones terminate
|
|
2363 properly, zones delineated by $..$ and $$..$$ cannot be synchronized as
|
|
2364 there's no difference between start and end patterns. Consequently, a
|
|
2365 special "TeX comment" has been provided >
|
|
2366 %stopzone
|
|
2367 which will forcibly terminate the highlighting of either a texZone or a
|
|
2368 texMathZone.
|
|
2369
|
|
2370 Slow Syntax Highlighting? ~
|
|
2371
|
|
2372 If you have a slow computer, you may wish to reduce the values for >
|
|
2373 :syn sync maxlines=200
|
|
2374 :syn sync minlines=50
|
|
2375 (especially the latter). If your computer is fast, you may wish to
|
237
|
2376 increase them. This primarily affects synchronizing (i.e. just what group,
|
7
|
2377 if any, is the text at the top of the screen supposed to be in?).
|
|
2378
|
|
2379 Excessive Error Highlighting? ~
|
|
2380
|
|
2381 The <tex.vim> supports lexical error checking of various sorts. Thus,
|
|
2382 although the error checking is ofttimes very useful, it can indicate
|
|
2383 errors where none actually are. If this proves to be a problem for you,
|
|
2384 you may put in your <.vimrc> the following statement: >
|
|
2385 let tex_no_error=1
|
|
2386 and all error checking by <tex.vim> will be suppressed.
|
|
2387
|
|
2388 Need a new Math Group? ~
|
|
2389
|
|
2390 If you want to include a new math group in your LaTeX, the following
|
|
2391 code shows you an example as to how you might do so: >
|
|
2392
|
|
2393 syn cluster texMathZones add=texMathZoneLOCAL
|
|
2394 syn region texMathZoneLOCAL start="\\begin\s*{\s*LOCALMATH\s*}"
|
|
2395 \ end="\\end\s*{\s*LOCALMATH\s*}" keepend
|
|
2396 \ contains=@texMathZoneGroup
|
|
2397 if !exists("tex_no_math")
|
|
2398 syn sync match texSyncMathZoneLOCAL grouphere texMathZoneLOCAL
|
|
2399 \ "\\begin\s*{\s*LOCALMATH\*\s*}"
|
|
2400 syn sync match texSyncMathZoneLOCAL groupthere NONE
|
|
2401 \ "\\end\s*{\s*LOCALMATH\*\s*}"
|
|
2402 endif
|
|
2403 hi link texMathZoneLOCAL texMath
|
|
2404 <
|
|
2405 You'll need to change LOCALMATH to the name of your new math group,
|
|
2406 and then to put it into .vim/after/syntax/tex.vim.
|
|
2407
|
|
2408 Starting a New Style? ~
|
|
2409
|
|
2410 One may use "\makeatletter" in *.tex files, thereby making the use of "@" in
|
|
2411 commands available. However, since the *.tex file doesn't have one of the
|
|
2412 following suffices: sty cls clo dtx ltx, the syntax highlighting will flag
|
|
2413 such use of @ as an error. To solve this: >
|
|
2414
|
|
2415 :let b:tex_stylish = 1
|
|
2416 :set ft=tex
|
|
2417
|
|
2418 Putting "let g:tex_stylish=1" into your <.vimrc> will make <syntax/tex.vim>
|
|
2419 always accept such use of @.
|
|
2420
|
|
2421
|
|
2422 TF *tf.vim* *tf-syntax*
|
|
2423
|
|
2424 There is one option for the tf syntax highlighting.
|
|
2425
|
|
2426 For syncing, minlines defaults to 100. If you prefer another value, you can
|
|
2427 set "tf_minlines" to the value you desire. Example: >
|
|
2428
|
|
2429 :let tf_minlines = your choice
|
|
2430
|
|
2431
|
|
2432 VIM *vim.vim* *vim-syntax*
|
|
2433
|
|
2434 There is a tradeoff between more accurate syntax highlighting versus
|
|
2435 screen updating speed. To improve accuracy, you may wish to increase
|
|
2436 the g:vim_minlines variable. The g:vim_maxlines variable may be used
|
|
2437 to improve screen updating rates (see |:syn-sync| for more on this).
|
|
2438
|
|
2439 g:vim_minlines : used to set synchronization minlines
|
|
2440 g:vim_maxlines : used to set synchronization maxlines
|
|
2441
|
|
2442 The g:vimembedscript option allows for somewhat faster loading of syntax
|
|
2443 highlighting for vim scripts at the expense of supporting syntax highlighting
|
|
2444 for external scripting languages (currently perl, python, ruby, and tcl).
|
|
2445
|
|
2446 g:vimembedscript == 1 (default) <vim.vim> will allow highlighting
|
|
2447 g:vimembedscript doesn't exist of supported embedded scripting
|
|
2448 languages: perl, python, ruby and
|
|
2449 tcl.
|
|
2450
|
|
2451 g:vimembedscript == 0 Syntax highlighting for embedded
|
|
2452 scripting languages will not be
|
|
2453 loaded.
|
|
2454
|
|
2455
|
|
2456 XF86CONFIG *xf86conf.vim* *xf86conf-syntax*
|
|
2457
|
|
2458 The syntax of XF86Config file differs in XFree86 v3.x and v4.x. Both
|
|
2459 variants are supported. Automatic detection is used, but is far from perfect.
|
|
2460 You may need to specify the version manually. Set the variable
|
|
2461 xf86conf_xfree86_version to 3 or 4 according to your XFree86 version in
|
|
2462 your .vimrc. Example: >
|
|
2463 :let xf86conf_xfree86_version=3
|
|
2464 When using a mix of versions, set the b:xf86conf_xfree86_version variable.
|
|
2465
|
|
2466 Note that spaces and underscores in option names are not supported. Use
|
|
2467 "SyncOnGreen" instead of "__s yn con gr_e_e_n" if you want the option name
|
|
2468 highlighted.
|
|
2469
|
|
2470
|
|
2471 XML *xml.vim* *xml-syntax*
|
|
2472
|
237
|
2473 Xml namespaces are highlighted by default. This can be inhibited by
|
7
|
2474 setting a global variable: >
|
|
2475
|
|
2476 :let g:xml_namespace_transparent=1
|
|
2477 <
|
|
2478 *xml-folding*
|
|
2479 The xml syntax file provides syntax |folding| (see |:syn-fold|) between
|
237
|
2480 start and end tags. This can be turned on by >
|
7
|
2481
|
|
2482 :let g:xml_syntax_folding = 1
|
|
2483 :set foldmethod=syntax
|
|
2484
|
|
2485 Note: syntax folding might slow down syntax highlighting significantly,
|
|
2486 especially for large files.
|
|
2487
|
|
2488
|
|
2489 X Pixmaps (XPM) *xpm.vim* *xpm-syntax*
|
|
2490
|
|
2491 xpm.vim creates its syntax items dynamically based upon the contents of the
|
|
2492 XPM file. Thus if you make changes e.g. in the color specification strings,
|
|
2493 you have to source it again e.g. with ":set syn=xpm".
|
|
2494
|
|
2495 To copy a pixel with one of the colors, yank a "pixel" with "yl" and insert it
|
|
2496 somewhere else with "P".
|
|
2497
|
|
2498 Do you want to draw with the mouse? Try the following: >
|
|
2499 :function! GetPixel()
|
|
2500 : let c = getline(line("."))[col(".") - 1]
|
|
2501 : echo c
|
|
2502 : exe "noremap <LeftMouse> <LeftMouse>r".c
|
|
2503 : exe "noremap <LeftDrag> <LeftMouse>r".c
|
|
2504 :endfunction
|
|
2505 :noremap <RightMouse> <LeftMouse>:call GetPixel()<CR>
|
|
2506 :set guicursor=n:hor20 " to see the color beneath the cursor
|
|
2507 This turns the right button into a pipette and the left button into a pen.
|
|
2508 It will work with XPM files that have one character per pixel only and you
|
|
2509 must not click outside of the pixel strings, but feel free to improve it.
|
|
2510
|
|
2511 It will look much better with a font in a quadratic cell size, e.g. for X: >
|
|
2512 :set guifont=-*-clean-medium-r-*-*-8-*-*-*-*-80-*
|
|
2513
|
|
2514 ==============================================================================
|
|
2515 5. Defining a syntax *:syn-define* *E410*
|
|
2516
|
|
2517 Vim understands three types of syntax items:
|
|
2518
|
|
2519 1. Keyword.
|
|
2520 It can only contain keyword characters, according to the 'iskeyword'
|
|
2521 option. It cannot contain other syntax items. It will only match with a
|
|
2522 complete word (there are no keyword characters before or after the match).
|
|
2523 The keyword "if" would match in "if(a=b)", but not in "ifdef x", because
|
|
2524 "(" is not a keyword character and "d" is.
|
|
2525
|
|
2526 2. Match.
|
|
2527 This is a match with a single regexp pattern.
|
|
2528
|
|
2529 3. Region.
|
|
2530 This starts at a match of the "start" regexp pattern and ends with a match
|
|
2531 with the "end" regexp pattern. Any other text can appear in between. A
|
|
2532 "skip" regexp pattern can be used to avoid matching the "end" pattern.
|
|
2533
|
|
2534 Several syntax ITEMs can be put into one syntax GROUP. For a syntax group
|
|
2535 you can give highlighting attributes. For example, you could have an item
|
|
2536 to define a "/* .. */" comment and another one that defines a "// .." comment,
|
|
2537 and put them both in the "Comment" group. You can then specify that a
|
|
2538 "Comment" will be in bold font and have a blue color. You are free to make
|
|
2539 one highlight group for one syntax item, or put all items into one group.
|
|
2540 This depends on how you want to specify your highlighting attributes. Putting
|
|
2541 each item in its own group results in having to specify the highlighting
|
|
2542 for a lot of groups.
|
|
2543
|
|
2544 Note that a syntax group and a highlight group are similar. For a highlight
|
|
2545 group you will have given highlight attributes. These attributes will be used
|
|
2546 for the syntax group with the same name.
|
|
2547
|
|
2548 In case more than one item matches at the same position, the one that was
|
|
2549 defined LAST wins. Thus you can override previously defined syntax items by
|
|
2550 using an item that matches the same text. But a keyword always goes before a
|
|
2551 match or region. And a keyword with matching case always goes before a
|
|
2552 keyword with ignoring case.
|
|
2553
|
|
2554
|
|
2555 PRIORITY *:syn-priority*
|
|
2556
|
|
2557 When several syntax items may match, these rules are used:
|
|
2558
|
|
2559 1. When multiple Match or Region items start in the same position, the item
|
|
2560 defined last has priority.
|
|
2561 2. A Keyword has priority over Match and Region items.
|
|
2562 3. An item that starts in an earlier position has priority over items that
|
|
2563 start in later positions.
|
|
2564
|
|
2565
|
|
2566 DEFINING CASE *:syn-case* *E390*
|
|
2567
|
|
2568 :sy[ntax] case [match|ignore]
|
|
2569 This defines if the following ":syntax" commands will work with
|
|
2570 matching case, when using "match", or with ignoring case, when using
|
|
2571 "ignore". Note that any items before this are not affected, and all
|
|
2572 items until the next ":syntax case" command are affected.
|
|
2573
|
|
2574
|
|
2575 DEFINING KEYWORDS *:syn-keyword*
|
|
2576
|
|
2577 :sy[ntax] keyword {group-name} [{options}] {keyword} .. [{options}]
|
|
2578
|
|
2579 This defines a number of keywords.
|
|
2580
|
|
2581 {group-name} Is a syntax group name such as "Comment".
|
|
2582 [{options}] See |:syn-arguments| below.
|
|
2583 {keyword} .. Is a list of keywords which are part of this group.
|
|
2584
|
|
2585 Example: >
|
|
2586 :syntax keyword Type int long char
|
|
2587 <
|
|
2588 The {options} can be given anywhere in the line. They will apply to
|
|
2589 all keywords given, also for options that come after a keyword.
|
|
2590 These examples do exactly the same: >
|
|
2591 :syntax keyword Type contained int long char
|
|
2592 :syntax keyword Type int long contained char
|
|
2593 :syntax keyword Type int long char contained
|
169
|
2594 < *E747*
|
7
|
2595 When you have a keyword with an optional tail, like Ex commands in
|
|
2596 Vim, you can put the optional characters inside [], to define all the
|
|
2597 variations at once: >
|
|
2598 :syntax keyword vimCommand ab[breviate] n[ext]
|
|
2599 <
|
|
2600 Don't forget that a keyword can only be recognized if all the
|
|
2601 characters are included in the 'iskeyword' option. If one character
|
|
2602 isn't, the keyword will never be recognized.
|
|
2603 Multi-byte characters can also be used. These do not have to be in
|
|
2604 'iskeyword'.
|
|
2605
|
|
2606 A keyword always has higher priority than a match or region, the
|
|
2607 keyword is used if more than one item matches. Keywords do not nest
|
|
2608 and a keyword can't contain anything else.
|
|
2609
|
|
2610 Note that when you have a keyword that is the same as an option (even
|
|
2611 one that isn't allowed here), you can not use it. Use a match
|
|
2612 instead.
|
|
2613
|
|
2614 The maximum length of a keyword is 80 characters.
|
|
2615
|
|
2616 The same keyword can be defined multiple times, when its containment
|
|
2617 differs. For example, you can define the keyword once not contained
|
|
2618 and use one highlight group, and once contained, and use a different
|
237
|
2619 highlight group. Example: >
|
7
|
2620 :syn keyword vimCommand tag
|
|
2621 :syn keyword vimSetting contained tag
|
|
2622 < When finding "tag" outside of any syntax item, the "vimCommand"
|
|
2623 highlight group is used. When finding "tag" in a syntax item that
|
|
2624 contains "vimSetting", the "vimSetting" group is used.
|
|
2625
|
|
2626
|
|
2627 DEFINING MATCHES *:syn-match*
|
|
2628
|
|
2629 :sy[ntax] match {group-name} [{options}] [excludenl] {pattern} [{options}]
|
|
2630
|
|
2631 This defines one match.
|
|
2632
|
|
2633 {group-name} A syntax group name such as "Comment".
|
|
2634 [{options}] See |:syn-arguments| below.
|
|
2635 [excludenl] Don't make a pattern with the end-of-line "$"
|
|
2636 extend a containing match or region. Must be
|
|
2637 given before the pattern. |:syn-excludenl|
|
|
2638 {pattern} The search pattern that defines the match.
|
|
2639 See |:syn-pattern| below.
|
|
2640 Note that the pattern may match more than one
|
|
2641 line, which makes the match depend on where
|
|
2642 Vim starts searching for the pattern. You
|
|
2643 need to make sure syncing takes care of this.
|
|
2644
|
|
2645 Example (match a character constant): >
|
|
2646 :syntax match Character /'.'/hs=s+1,he=e-1
|
|
2647 <
|
|
2648
|
|
2649 DEFINING REGIONS *:syn-region* *:syn-start* *:syn-skip* *:syn-end*
|
|
2650 *E398* *E399*
|
|
2651 :sy[ntax] region {group-name} [{options}]
|
|
2652 [matchgroup={group-name}]
|
|
2653 [keepend]
|
|
2654 [extend]
|
|
2655 [excludenl]
|
|
2656 start={start_pattern} ..
|
|
2657 [skip={skip_pattern}]
|
|
2658 end={end_pattern} ..
|
|
2659 [{options}]
|
|
2660
|
|
2661 This defines one region. It may span several lines.
|
|
2662
|
|
2663 {group-name} A syntax group name such as "Comment".
|
|
2664 [{options}] See |:syn-arguments| below.
|
|
2665 [matchgroup={group-name}] The syntax group to use for the following
|
|
2666 start or end pattern matches only. Not used
|
|
2667 for the text in between the matched start and
|
|
2668 end patterns. Use NONE to reset to not using
|
|
2669 a different group for the start or end match.
|
|
2670 See |:syn-matchgroup|.
|
|
2671 keepend Don't allow contained matches to go past a
|
|
2672 match with the end pattern. See
|
|
2673 |:syn-keepend|.
|
|
2674 extend Override a "keepend" for an item this region
|
237
|
2675 is contained in. See |:syn-extend|.
|
7
|
2676 excludenl Don't make a pattern with the end-of-line "$"
|
|
2677 extend a containing match or item. Only
|
|
2678 useful for end patterns. Must be given before
|
|
2679 the patterns it applies to. |:syn-excludenl|
|
|
2680 start={start_pattern} The search pattern that defines the start of
|
|
2681 the region. See |:syn-pattern| below.
|
|
2682 skip={skip_pattern} The search pattern that defines text inside
|
|
2683 the region where not to look for the end
|
|
2684 pattern. See |:syn-pattern| below.
|
|
2685 end={end_pattern} The search pattern that defines the end of
|
|
2686 the region. See |:syn-pattern| below.
|
|
2687
|
|
2688 Example: >
|
|
2689 :syntax region String start=+"+ skip=+\\"+ end=+"+
|
|
2690 <
|
|
2691 The start/skip/end patterns and the options can be given in any order.
|
|
2692 There can be zero or one skip pattern. There must be one or more
|
|
2693 start and end patterns. This means that you can omit the skip
|
|
2694 pattern, but you must give at least one start and one end pattern. It
|
|
2695 is allowed to have white space before and after the equal sign
|
|
2696 (although it mostly looks better without white space).
|
|
2697
|
|
2698 When more than one start pattern is given, a match with one of these
|
|
2699 is sufficient. This means there is an OR relation between the start
|
|
2700 patterns. The last one that matches is used. The same is true for
|
|
2701 the end patterns.
|
|
2702
|
|
2703 The search for the end pattern starts right after the start pattern.
|
|
2704 Offsets are not used for this. This implies that the match for the
|
|
2705 end pattern will never overlap with the start pattern.
|
|
2706
|
|
2707 The skip and end pattern can match across line breaks, but since the
|
|
2708 search for the pattern can start in any line it often does not do what
|
|
2709 you want. The skip pattern doesn't avoid a match of an end pattern in
|
|
2710 the next line. Use single-line patterns to avoid trouble.
|
|
2711
|
|
2712 Note: The decision to start a region is only based on a matching start
|
|
2713 pattern. There is no check for a matching end pattern. This does NOT
|
|
2714 work: >
|
|
2715 :syn region First start="(" end=":"
|
|
2716 :syn region Second start="(" end=";"
|
|
2717 < The Second always matches before the First (last defined pattern has
|
|
2718 higher priority). The Second region then continues until the next
|
|
2719 ';', no matter if there is a ':' before it. Using a match does work: >
|
|
2720 :syn match First "(\_.\{-}:"
|
|
2721 :syn match Second "(\_.\{-};"
|
|
2722 < This pattern matches any character or line break with "\_." and
|
|
2723 repeats that with "\{-}" (repeat as few as possible).
|
|
2724
|
|
2725 *:syn-keepend*
|
|
2726 By default, a contained match can obscure a match for the end pattern.
|
|
2727 This is useful for nesting. For example, a region that starts with
|
|
2728 "{" and ends with "}", can contain another region. An encountered "}"
|
|
2729 will then end the contained region, but not the outer region:
|
|
2730 { starts outer "{}" region
|
|
2731 { starts contained "{}" region
|
|
2732 } ends contained "{}" region
|
|
2733 } ends outer "{} region
|
|
2734 If you don't want this, the "keepend" argument will make the matching
|
|
2735 of an end pattern of the outer region also end any contained item.
|
|
2736 This makes it impossible to nest the same region, but allows for
|
|
2737 contained items to highlight parts of the end pattern, without causing
|
|
2738 that to skip the match with the end pattern. Example: >
|
|
2739 :syn match vimComment +"[^"]\+$+
|
|
2740 :syn region vimCommand start="set" end="$" contains=vimComment keepend
|
|
2741 < The "keepend" makes the vimCommand always end at the end of the line,
|
|
2742 even though the contained vimComment includes a match with the <EOL>.
|
|
2743
|
|
2744 When "keepend" is not used, a match with an end pattern is retried
|
|
2745 after each contained match. When "keepend" is included, the first
|
|
2746 encountered match with an end pattern is used, truncating any
|
|
2747 contained matches.
|
|
2748 *:syn-extend*
|
|
2749 The "keepend" behavior can be changed by using the "extend" argument.
|
|
2750 When an item with "extend" is contained in an item that uses
|
|
2751 "keepend", the "keepend" is ignored and the containing region will be
|
|
2752 extended.
|
|
2753 This can be used to have some contained items extend a region while
|
|
2754 others don't. Example: >
|
|
2755
|
|
2756 :syn region htmlRef start=+<a>+ end=+</a>+ keepend contains=htmlItem,htmlScript
|
|
2757 :syn match htmlItem +<[^>]*>+ contained
|
|
2758 :syn region htmlScript start=+<script+ end=+</script[^>]*>+ contained extend
|
|
2759
|
|
2760 < Here the htmlItem item does not make the htmlRef item continue
|
|
2761 further, it is only used to highlight the <> items. The htmlScript
|
|
2762 item does extend the htmlRef item.
|
|
2763
|
|
2764 Another example: >
|
|
2765 :syn region xmlFold start="<a>" end="</a>" fold transparent keepend extend
|
|
2766 < This defines a region with "keepend", so that its end cannot be
|
|
2767 changed by contained items, like when the "</a>" is matched to
|
|
2768 highlight it differently. But when the xmlFold region is nested (it
|
|
2769 includes itself), the "extend" applies, so that the "</a>" of a nested
|
|
2770 region only ends that region, and not the one it is contained in.
|
|
2771
|
|
2772 *:syn-excludenl*
|
|
2773 When a pattern for a match or end pattern of a region includes a '$'
|
|
2774 to match the end-of-line, it will make a region item that it is
|
|
2775 contained in continue on the next line. For example, a match with
|
|
2776 "\\$" (backslash at the end of the line) can make a region continue
|
|
2777 that would normally stop at the end of the line. This is the default
|
|
2778 behavior. If this is not wanted, there are two ways to avoid it:
|
|
2779 1. Use "keepend" for the containing item. This will keep all
|
|
2780 contained matches from extending the match or region. It can be
|
|
2781 used when all contained items must not extend the containing item.
|
|
2782 2. Use "excludenl" in the contained item. This will keep that match
|
|
2783 from extending the containing match or region. It can be used if
|
|
2784 only some contained items must not extend the containing item.
|
|
2785 "excludenl" must be given before the pattern it applies to.
|
|
2786
|
|
2787 *:syn-matchgroup*
|
|
2788 "matchgroup" can be used to highlight the start and/or end pattern
|
|
2789 differently than the body of the region. Example: >
|
|
2790 :syntax region String matchgroup=Quote start=+"+ skip=+\\"+ end=+"+
|
|
2791 < This will highlight the quotes with the "Quote" group, and the text in
|
|
2792 between with the "String" group.
|
|
2793 The "matchgroup" is used for all start and end patterns that follow,
|
|
2794 until the next "matchgroup". Use "matchgroup=NONE" to go back to not
|
|
2795 using a matchgroup.
|
|
2796
|
|
2797 In a start or end pattern that is highlighted with "matchgroup" the
|
|
2798 contained items of the region are not used. This can be used to avoid
|
|
2799 that a contained item matches in the start or end pattern match. When
|
|
2800 using "transparent", this does not apply to a start or end pattern
|
|
2801 match that is highlighted with "matchgroup".
|
|
2802
|
|
2803 Here is an example, which highlights three levels of parentheses in
|
|
2804 different colors: >
|
|
2805 :sy region par1 matchgroup=par1 start=/(/ end=/)/ contains=par2
|
|
2806 :sy region par2 matchgroup=par2 start=/(/ end=/)/ contains=par3 contained
|
|
2807 :sy region par3 matchgroup=par3 start=/(/ end=/)/ contains=par1 contained
|
|
2808 :hi par1 ctermfg=red guifg=red
|
|
2809 :hi par2 ctermfg=blue guifg=blue
|
|
2810 :hi par3 ctermfg=darkgreen guifg=darkgreen
|
|
2811
|
|
2812 ==============================================================================
|
|
2813 6. :syntax arguments *:syn-arguments*
|
|
2814
|
|
2815 The :syntax commands that define syntax items take a number of arguments.
|
|
2816 The common ones are explained here. The arguments may be given in any order
|
|
2817 and may be mixed with patterns.
|
|
2818
|
|
2819 Not all commands accept all arguments. This table shows which arguments
|
|
2820 can not be used for all commands:
|
|
2821 *E395* *E396*
|
|
2822 contains oneline fold display extend ~
|
|
2823 :syntax keyword - - - - -
|
|
2824 :syntax match yes - yes yes yes
|
|
2825 :syntax region yes yes yes yes yes
|
|
2826
|
|
2827 These arguments can be used for all three commands:
|
|
2828 contained
|
|
2829 containedin
|
|
2830 nextgroup
|
|
2831 transparent
|
|
2832 skipwhite
|
|
2833 skipnl
|
|
2834 skipempty
|
|
2835
|
|
2836
|
|
2837 contained *:syn-contained*
|
|
2838
|
|
2839 When the "contained" argument is given, this item will not be recognized at
|
|
2840 the top level, but only when it is mentioned in the "contains" field of
|
|
2841 another match. Example: >
|
|
2842 :syntax keyword Todo TODO contained
|
|
2843 :syntax match Comment "//.*" contains=Todo
|
|
2844
|
|
2845
|
|
2846 display *:syn-display*
|
|
2847
|
|
2848 If the "display" argument is given, this item will be skipped when the
|
|
2849 detected highlighting will not be displayed. This will speed up highlighting,
|
|
2850 by skipping this item when only finding the syntax state for the text that is
|
|
2851 to be displayed.
|
|
2852
|
|
2853 Generally, you can use "display" for match and region items that meet these
|
|
2854 conditions:
|
|
2855 - The item does not continue past the end of a line. Example for C: A region
|
|
2856 for a "/*" comment can't contain "display", because it continues on the next
|
|
2857 line.
|
|
2858 - The item does not contain items that continue past the end of the line or
|
|
2859 make it continue on the next line.
|
|
2860 - The item does not change the size of any item it is contained in. Example
|
|
2861 for C: A match with "\\$" in a preprocessor match can't have "display",
|
|
2862 because it may make that preprocessor match shorter.
|
|
2863 - The item does not allow other items to match that didn't match otherwise,
|
|
2864 and that item may extend the match too far. Example for C: A match for a
|
|
2865 "//" comment can't use "display", because a "/*" inside that comment would
|
|
2866 match then and start a comment which extends past the end of the line.
|
|
2867
|
|
2868 Examples, for the C language, where "display" can be used:
|
|
2869 - match with a number
|
|
2870 - match with a label
|
|
2871
|
|
2872
|
|
2873 transparent *:syn-transparent*
|
|
2874
|
|
2875 If the "transparent" argument is given, this item will not be highlighted
|
|
2876 itself, but will take the highlighting of the item it is contained in. This
|
|
2877 is useful for syntax items that don't need any highlighting but are used
|
|
2878 only to skip over a part of the text.
|
|
2879
|
|
2880 The "contains=" argument is also inherited from the item it is contained in,
|
|
2881 unless a "contains" argument is given for the transparent item itself. To
|
|
2882 avoid that unwanted items are contained, use "contains=NONE". Example, which
|
|
2883 highlights words in strings, but makes an exception for "vim": >
|
|
2884 :syn match myString /'[^']*'/ contains=myWord,myVim
|
|
2885 :syn match myWord /\<[a-z]*\>/ contained
|
|
2886 :syn match myVim /\<vim\>/ transparent contained contains=NONE
|
|
2887 :hi link myString String
|
|
2888 :hi link myWord Comment
|
|
2889 Since the "myVim" match comes after "myWord" it is the preferred match (last
|
|
2890 match in the same position overrules an earlier one). The "transparent"
|
|
2891 argument makes the "myVim" match use the same highlighting as "myString". But
|
|
2892 it does not contain anything. If the "contains=NONE" argument would be left
|
|
2893 out, then "myVim" would use the contains argument from myString and allow
|
|
2894 "myWord" to be contained, which will be highlighted as a Constant. This
|
|
2895 happens because a contained match doesn't match inside itself in the same
|
|
2896 position, thus the "myVim" match doesn't overrule the "myWord" match here.
|
|
2897
|
|
2898 When you look at the colored text, it is like looking at layers of contained
|
|
2899 items. The contained item is on top of the item it is contained in, thus you
|
|
2900 see the contained item. When a contained item is transparent, you can look
|
|
2901 through, thus you see the item it is contained in. In a picture:
|
|
2902
|
|
2903 look from here
|
|
2904
|
|
2905 | | | | | |
|
|
2906 V V V V V V
|
|
2907
|
|
2908 xxxx yyy more contained items
|
|
2909 .................... contained item (transparent)
|
|
2910 ============================= first item
|
|
2911
|
|
2912 The 'x', 'y' and '=' represent a highlighted syntax item. The '.' represent a
|
|
2913 transparent group.
|
|
2914
|
|
2915 What you see is:
|
|
2916
|
|
2917 =======xxxx=======yyy========
|
|
2918
|
|
2919 Thus you look through the transparent "....".
|
|
2920
|
|
2921
|
|
2922 oneline *:syn-oneline*
|
|
2923
|
|
2924 The "oneline" argument indicates that the region does not cross a line
|
|
2925 boundary. It must match completely in the current line. However, when the
|
|
2926 region has a contained item that does cross a line boundary, it continues on
|
|
2927 the next line anyway. A contained item can be used to recognize a line
|
|
2928 continuation pattern. But the "end" pattern must still match in the first
|
|
2929 line, otherwise the region doesn't even start.
|
|
2930
|
|
2931 When the start pattern includes a "\n" to match an end-of-line, the end
|
|
2932 pattern must be found in the same line as where the start pattern ends. The
|
|
2933 end pattern may also include an end-of-line. Thus the "oneline" argument
|
|
2934 means that the end of the start pattern and the start of the end pattern must
|
|
2935 be within one line. This can't be changed by a skip pattern that matches a
|
|
2936 line break.
|
|
2937
|
|
2938
|
|
2939 fold *:syn-fold*
|
|
2940
|
|
2941 The "fold" argument makes the fold level increased by one for this item.
|
|
2942 Example: >
|
|
2943 :syn region myFold start="{" end="}" transparent fold
|
|
2944 :syn sync fromstart
|
|
2945 :set foldmethod=syntax
|
|
2946 This will make each {} block form one fold.
|
|
2947
|
|
2948 The fold will start on the line where the item starts, and end where the item
|
|
2949 ends. If the start and end are within the same line, there is no fold.
|
|
2950 The 'foldnestmax' option limits the nesting of syntax folds.
|
|
2951 {not available when Vim was compiled without |+folding| feature}
|
|
2952
|
|
2953
|
|
2954 *:syn-contains* *E405* *E406* *E407* *E408* *E409*
|
|
2955 contains={groupname},..
|
|
2956
|
|
2957 The "contains" argument is followed by a list of syntax group names. These
|
|
2958 groups will be allowed to begin inside the item (they may extend past the
|
|
2959 containing group's end). This allows for recursive nesting of matches and
|
|
2960 regions. If there is no "contains" argument, no groups will be contained in
|
|
2961 this item. The group names do not need to be defined before they can be used
|
|
2962 here.
|
|
2963
|
|
2964 contains=ALL
|
|
2965 If the only item in the contains list is "ALL", then all
|
|
2966 groups will be accepted inside the item.
|
|
2967
|
|
2968 contains=ALLBUT,{group-name},..
|
|
2969 If the first item in the contains list is "ALLBUT", then all
|
|
2970 groups will be accepted inside the item, except the ones that
|
|
2971 are listed. Example: >
|
|
2972 :syntax region Block start="{" end="}" ... contains=ALLBUT,Function
|
|
2973
|
|
2974 contains=TOP
|
|
2975 If the first item in the contains list is "TOP", then all
|
|
2976 groups will be accepted that don't have the "contained"
|
|
2977 argument.
|
|
2978 contains=TOP,{group-name},..
|
|
2979 Like "TOP", but excluding the groups that are listed.
|
|
2980
|
|
2981 contains=CONTAINED
|
|
2982 If the first item in the contains list is "CONTAINED", then
|
|
2983 all groups will be accepted that have the "contained"
|
|
2984 argument.
|
|
2985 contains=CONTAINED,{group-name},..
|
|
2986 Like "CONTAINED", but excluding the groups that are
|
|
2987 listed.
|
|
2988
|
|
2989
|
|
2990 The {group-name} in the "contains" list can be a pattern. All group names
|
|
2991 that match the pattern will be included (or excluded, if "ALLBUT" is used).
|
|
2992 The pattern cannot contain white space or a ','. Example: >
|
|
2993 ... contains=Comment.*,Keyw[0-3]
|
|
2994 The matching will be done at moment the syntax command is executed. Groups
|
|
2995 that are defined later will not be matched. Also, if the current syntax
|
|
2996 command defines a new group, it is not matched. Be careful: When putting
|
|
2997 syntax commands in a file you can't rely on groups NOT being defined, because
|
|
2998 the file may have been sourced before, and ":syn clear" doesn't remove the
|
|
2999 group names.
|
|
3000
|
|
3001 The contained groups will also match in the start and end patterns of a
|
|
3002 region. If this is not wanted, the "matchgroup" argument can be used
|
|
3003 |:syn-matchgroup|. The "ms=" and "me=" offsets can be used to change the
|
|
3004 region where contained items do match. Note that this may also limit the
|
|
3005 area that is highlighted
|
|
3006
|
|
3007
|
|
3008 containedin={groupname}... *:syn-containedin*
|
|
3009
|
|
3010 The "containedin" argument is followed by a list of syntax group names. The
|
|
3011 item will be allowed to begin inside these groups. This works as if the
|
|
3012 containing item has a "contains=" argument that includes this item.
|
|
3013
|
|
3014 The {groupname}... can be used just like for "contains", as explained above.
|
|
3015
|
|
3016 This is useful when adding a syntax item afterwards. An item can be told to
|
|
3017 be included inside an already existing item, without changing the definition
|
|
3018 of that item. For example, to highlight a word in a C comment after loading
|
|
3019 the C syntax: >
|
|
3020 :syn keyword myword HELP containedin=cComment contained
|
|
3021 Note that "contained" is also used, to avoid that the item matches at the top
|
|
3022 level.
|
|
3023
|
|
3024 Matches for "containedin" are added to the other places where the item can
|
|
3025 appear. A "contains" argument may also be added as usual. Don't forget that
|
|
3026 keywords never contain another item, thus adding them to "containedin" won't
|
|
3027 work.
|
|
3028
|
|
3029
|
|
3030 nextgroup={groupname},.. *:syn-nextgroup*
|
|
3031
|
|
3032 The "nextgroup" argument is followed by a list of syntax group names,
|
|
3033 separated by commas (just like with "contains", so you can also use patterns).
|
|
3034
|
|
3035 If the "nextgroup" argument is given, the mentioned syntax groups will be
|
|
3036 tried for a match, after the match or region ends. If none of the groups have
|
|
3037 a match, highlighting continues normally. If there is a match, this group
|
|
3038 will be used, even when it is not mentioned in the "contains" field of the
|
|
3039 current group. This is like giving the mentioned group priority over all
|
|
3040 other groups. Example: >
|
|
3041 :syntax match ccFoobar "Foo.\{-}Bar" contains=ccFoo
|
|
3042 :syntax match ccFoo "Foo" contained nextgroup=ccFiller
|
|
3043 :syntax region ccFiller start="." matchgroup=ccBar end="Bar" contained
|
|
3044
|
|
3045 This will highlight "Foo" and "Bar" differently, and only when there is a
|
|
3046 "Bar" after "Foo". In the text line below, "f" shows where ccFoo is used for
|
|
3047 highlighting, and "bbb" where ccBar is used. >
|
|
3048
|
|
3049 Foo asdfasd Bar asdf Foo asdf Bar asdf
|
|
3050 fff bbb fff bbb
|
|
3051
|
|
3052 Note the use of ".\{-}" to skip as little as possible until the next Bar.
|
|
3053 when ".*" would be used, the "asdf" in between "Bar" and "Foo" would be
|
|
3054 highlighted according to the "ccFoobar" group, because the ccFooBar match
|
|
3055 would include the first "Foo" and the last "Bar" in the line (see |pattern|).
|
|
3056
|
|
3057
|
|
3058 skipwhite *:syn-skipwhite*
|
|
3059 skipnl *:syn-skipnl*
|
|
3060 skipempty *:syn-skipempty*
|
|
3061
|
|
3062 These arguments are only used in combination with "nextgroup". They can be
|
|
3063 used to allow the next group to match after skipping some text:
|
|
3064 skipwhite skip over space and Tab characters
|
|
3065 skipnl skip over the end of a line
|
|
3066 skipempty skip over empty lines (implies a "skipnl")
|
|
3067
|
|
3068 When "skipwhite" is present, the white space is only skipped if there is no
|
|
3069 next group that matches the white space.
|
|
3070
|
|
3071 When "skipnl" is present, the match with nextgroup may be found in the next
|
|
3072 line. This only happens when the current item ends at the end of the current
|
|
3073 line! When "skipnl" is not present, the nextgroup will only be found after
|
|
3074 the current item in the same line.
|
|
3075
|
|
3076 When skipping text while looking for a next group, the matches for other
|
|
3077 groups are ignored. Only when no next group matches, other items are tried
|
|
3078 for a match again. This means that matching a next group and skipping white
|
|
3079 space and <EOL>s has a higher priority than other items.
|
|
3080
|
|
3081 Example: >
|
|
3082 :syn match ifstart "\<if.*" nextgroup=ifline skipwhite skipempty
|
|
3083 :syn match ifline "[^ \t].*" nextgroup=ifline skipwhite skipempty contained
|
|
3084 :syn match ifline "endif" contained
|
|
3085 Note that the "[^ \t].*" match matches all non-white text. Thus it would also
|
|
3086 match "endif". Therefore the "endif" match is put last, so that it takes
|
|
3087 precedence.
|
|
3088 Note that this example doesn't work for nested "if"s. You need to add
|
|
3089 "contains" arguments to make that work (omitted for simplicity of the
|
|
3090 example).
|
|
3091
|
|
3092 ==============================================================================
|
|
3093 7. Syntax patterns *:syn-pattern* *E401* *E402*
|
|
3094
|
|
3095 In the syntax commands, a pattern must be surrounded by two identical
|
|
3096 characters. This is like it works for the ":s" command. The most common to
|
|
3097 use is the double quote. But if the pattern contains a double quote, you can
|
|
3098 use another character that is not used in the pattern. Examples: >
|
|
3099 :syntax region Comment start="/\*" end="\*/"
|
|
3100 :syntax region String start=+"+ end=+"+ skip=+\\"+
|
|
3101
|
|
3102 See |pattern| for the explanation of what a pattern is. Syntax patterns are
|
|
3103 always interpreted like the 'magic' options is set, no matter what the actual
|
|
3104 value of 'magic' is. And the patterns are interpreted like the 'l' flag is
|
|
3105 not included in 'cpoptions'. This was done to make syntax files portable and
|
|
3106 independent of 'compatible' and 'magic' settings.
|
|
3107
|
|
3108 Try to avoid patterns that can match an empty string, such as "[a-z]*".
|
|
3109 This slows down the highlighting a lot, because it matches everywhere.
|
|
3110
|
|
3111 *:syn-pattern-offset*
|
|
3112 The pattern can be followed by a character offset. This can be used to
|
|
3113 change the highlighted part, and to change the text area included in the
|
|
3114 match or region (which only matters when trying to match other items). Both
|
|
3115 are relative to the matched pattern. The character offset for a skip
|
|
3116 pattern can be used to tell where to continue looking for an end pattern.
|
|
3117
|
|
3118 The offset takes the form of "{what}={offset}"
|
|
3119 The {what} can be one of seven strings:
|
|
3120
|
|
3121 ms Match Start offset for the start of the matched text
|
|
3122 me Match End offset for the end of the matched text
|
|
3123 hs Highlight Start offset for where the highlighting starts
|
|
3124 he Highlight End offset for where the highlighting ends
|
|
3125 rs Region Start offset for where the body of a region starts
|
|
3126 re Region End offset for where the body of a region ends
|
|
3127 lc Leading Context offset past "leading context" of pattern
|
|
3128
|
|
3129 The {offset} can be:
|
|
3130
|
|
3131 s start of the matched pattern
|
|
3132 s+{nr} start of the matched pattern plus {nr} chars to the right
|
|
3133 s-{nr} start of the matched pattern plus {nr} chars to the left
|
|
3134 e end of the matched pattern
|
|
3135 e+{nr} end of the matched pattern plus {nr} chars to the right
|
|
3136 e-{nr} end of the matched pattern plus {nr} chars to the left
|
|
3137 {nr} (for "lc" only): start matching {nr} chars to the left
|
|
3138
|
|
3139 Examples: "ms=s+1", "hs=e-2", "lc=3".
|
|
3140
|
|
3141 Although all offsets are accepted after any pattern, they are not always
|
|
3142 meaningful. This table shows which offsets are actually used:
|
|
3143
|
|
3144 ms me hs he rs re lc ~
|
|
3145 match item yes yes yes yes - - yes
|
|
3146 region item start yes - yes - yes - yes
|
|
3147 region item skip - yes - - - - yes
|
|
3148 region item end - yes - yes - yes yes
|
|
3149
|
|
3150 Offsets can be concatenated, with a ',' in between. Example: >
|
|
3151 :syn match String /"[^"]*"/hs=s+1,he=e-1
|
|
3152 <
|
|
3153 some "string" text
|
|
3154 ^^^^^^ highlighted
|
|
3155
|
|
3156 Notes:
|
|
3157 - There must be no white space between the pattern and the character
|
|
3158 offset(s).
|
|
3159 - The highlighted area will never be outside of the matched text.
|
|
3160 - A negative offset for an end pattern may not always work, because the end
|
|
3161 pattern may be detected when the highlighting should already have stopped.
|
|
3162 - The start of a match cannot be in a line other than where the pattern
|
|
3163 matched. This doesn't work: "a\nb"ms=e. You can make the highlighting
|
|
3164 start in another line, this does work: "a\nb"hs=e.
|
|
3165
|
|
3166 Example (match a comment but don't highlight the /* and */): >
|
|
3167 :syntax region Comment start="/\*"hs=e+1 end="\*/"he=s-1
|
|
3168 <
|
|
3169 /* this is a comment */
|
|
3170 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ highlighted
|
|
3171
|
|
3172 A more complicated Example: >
|
|
3173 :syn region Exa matchgroup=Foo start="foo"hs=s+2,rs=e+2 matchgroup=Bar end="bar"me=e-1,he=e-1,re=s-1
|
|
3174 <
|
|
3175 abcfoostringbarabc
|
|
3176 mmmmmmmmmmm match
|
|
3177 ssrrrreee highlight start/region/end ("Foo", "Exa" and "Bar")
|
|
3178
|
|
3179 Leading context *:syn-lc* *:syn-leading* *:syn-context*
|
|
3180
|
|
3181 Note: This is an obsolete feature, only included for backwards compatibility
|
|
3182 with previous Vim versions. It's now recommended to use the |/\@<=| construct
|
|
3183 in the pattern.
|
|
3184
|
|
3185 The "lc" offset specifies leading context -- a part of the pattern that must
|
|
3186 be present, but is not considered part of the match. An offset of "lc=n" will
|
|
3187 cause Vim to step back n columns before attempting the pattern match, allowing
|
|
3188 characters which have already been matched in previous patterns to also be
|
|
3189 used as leading context for this match. This can be used, for instance, to
|
|
3190 specify that an "escaping" character must not precede the match: >
|
|
3191
|
|
3192 :syn match ZNoBackslash "[^\\]z"ms=s+1
|
|
3193 :syn match WNoBackslash "[^\\]w"lc=1
|
|
3194 :syn match Underline "_\+"
|
|
3195 <
|
|
3196 ___zzzz ___wwww
|
|
3197 ^^^ ^^^ matches Underline
|
|
3198 ^ ^ matches ZNoBackslash
|
|
3199 ^^^^ matches WNoBackslash
|
|
3200
|
|
3201 The "ms" offset is automatically set to the same value as the "lc" offset,
|
|
3202 unless you set "ms" explicitly.
|
|
3203
|
|
3204
|
|
3205 Multi-line patterns *:syn-multi-line*
|
|
3206
|
|
3207 The patterns can include "\n" to match an end-of-line. Mostly this works as
|
|
3208 expected, but there are a few exceptions.
|
|
3209
|
|
3210 When using a start pattern with an offset, the start of the match is not
|
|
3211 allowed to start in a following line. The highlighting can start in a
|
|
3212 following line though.
|
|
3213
|
|
3214 The skip pattern can include the "\n", but the search for an end pattern will
|
|
3215 continue in the first character of the next line, also when that character is
|
|
3216 matched by the skip pattern. This is because redrawing may start in any line
|
|
3217 halfway a region and there is no check if the skip pattern started in a
|
|
3218 previous line. For example, if the skip pattern is "a\nb" and an end pattern
|
|
3219 is "b", the end pattern does match in the second line of this: >
|
|
3220 x x a
|
|
3221 b x x
|
|
3222 Generally this means that the skip pattern should not match any characters
|
|
3223 after the "\n".
|
|
3224
|
|
3225
|
|
3226 External matches *:syn-ext-match*
|
|
3227
|
|
3228 These extra regular expression items are available in region patterns:
|
|
3229
|
|
3230 */\z(* */\z(\)* *E50* *E52*
|
|
3231 \z(\) Marks the sub-expression as "external", meaning that it is can
|
|
3232 be accessed from another pattern match. Currently only usable
|
|
3233 in defining a syntax region start pattern.
|
|
3234
|
|
3235 */\z1* */\z2* */\z3* */\z4* */\z5*
|
|
3236 \z1 ... \z9 */\z6* */\z7* */\z8* */\z9* *E66* *E67*
|
|
3237 Matches the same string that was matched by the corresponding
|
|
3238 sub-expression in a previous start pattern match.
|
|
3239
|
|
3240 Sometimes the start and end patterns of a region need to share a common
|
|
3241 sub-expression. A common example is the "here" document in Perl and many Unix
|
|
3242 shells. This effect can be achieved with the "\z" special regular expression
|
|
3243 items, which marks a sub-expression as "external", in the sense that it can be
|
|
3244 referenced from outside the pattern in which it is defined. The here-document
|
|
3245 example, for instance, can be done like this: >
|
|
3246 :syn region hereDoc start="<<\z(\I\i*\)" end="^\z1$"
|
|
3247
|
|
3248 As can be seen here, the \z actually does double duty. In the start pattern,
|
|
3249 it marks the "\(\I\i*\)" sub-expression as external; in the end pattern, it
|
|
3250 changes the \1 back-reference into an external reference referring to the
|
|
3251 first external sub-expression in the start pattern. External references can
|
|
3252 also be used in skip patterns: >
|
|
3253 :syn region foo start="start \(\I\i*\)" skip="not end \z1" end="end \z1"
|
|
3254
|
|
3255 Note that normal and external sub-expressions are completely orthogonal and
|
|
3256 indexed separately; for instance, if the pattern "\z(..\)\(..\)" is applied
|
|
3257 to the string "aabb", then \1 will refer to "bb" and \z1 will refer to "aa".
|
|
3258 Note also that external sub-expressions cannot be accessed as back-references
|
|
3259 within the same pattern like normal sub-expressions. If you want to use one
|
|
3260 sub-expression as both a normal and an external sub-expression, you can nest
|
|
3261 the two, as in "\(\z(...\)\)".
|
|
3262
|
|
3263 Note that only matches within a single line can be used. Multi-line matches
|
|
3264 cannot be referred to.
|
|
3265
|
|
3266 ==============================================================================
|
|
3267 8. Syntax clusters *:syn-cluster* *E400*
|
|
3268
|
|
3269 :sy[ntax] cluster {cluster-name} [contains={group-name}..]
|
|
3270 [add={group-name}..]
|
|
3271 [remove={group-name}..]
|
|
3272
|
|
3273 This command allows you to cluster a list of syntax groups together under a
|
|
3274 single name.
|
|
3275
|
|
3276 contains={group-name}..
|
|
3277 The cluster is set to the specified list of groups.
|
|
3278 add={group-name}..
|
|
3279 The specified groups are added to the cluster.
|
|
3280 remove={group-name}..
|
|
3281 The specified groups are removed from the cluster.
|
|
3282
|
|
3283 A cluster so defined may be referred to in a contains=.., nextgroup=.., add=..
|
|
3284 or remove=.. list with a "@" prefix. You can also use this notation to
|
|
3285 implicitly declare a cluster before specifying its contents.
|
|
3286
|
|
3287 Example: >
|
|
3288 :syntax match Thing "# [^#]\+ #" contains=@ThingMembers
|
|
3289 :syntax cluster ThingMembers contains=ThingMember1,ThingMember2
|
|
3290
|
|
3291 As the previous example suggests, modifications to a cluster are effectively
|
|
3292 retroactive; the membership of the cluster is checked at the last minute, so
|
|
3293 to speak: >
|
|
3294 :syntax keyword A aaa
|
|
3295 :syntax keyword B bbb
|
|
3296 :syntax cluster AandB contains=A
|
|
3297 :syntax match Stuff "( aaa bbb )" contains=@AandB
|
|
3298 :syntax cluster AandB add=B " now both keywords are matched in Stuff
|
|
3299
|
|
3300 This also has implications for nested clusters: >
|
|
3301 :syntax keyword A aaa
|
|
3302 :syntax keyword B bbb
|
|
3303 :syntax cluster SmallGroup contains=B
|
|
3304 :syntax cluster BigGroup contains=A,@SmallGroup
|
|
3305 :syntax match Stuff "( aaa bbb )" contains=@BigGroup
|
|
3306 :syntax cluster BigGroup remove=B " no effect, since B isn't in BigGroup
|
|
3307 :syntax cluster SmallGroup remove=B " now bbb isn't matched within Stuff
|
|
3308
|
|
3309 ==============================================================================
|
|
3310 9. Including syntax files *:syn-include* *E397*
|
|
3311
|
|
3312 It is often useful for one language's syntax file to include a syntax file for
|
|
3313 a related language. Depending on the exact relationship, this can be done in
|
|
3314 two different ways:
|
|
3315
|
|
3316 - If top-level syntax items in the included syntax file are to be
|
|
3317 allowed at the top level in the including syntax, you can simply use
|
|
3318 the |:runtime| command: >
|
|
3319
|
|
3320 " In cpp.vim:
|
|
3321 :runtime! syntax/c.vim
|
|
3322 :unlet b:current_syntax
|
|
3323
|
|
3324 < - If top-level syntax items in the included syntax file are to be
|
|
3325 contained within a region in the including syntax, you can use the
|
|
3326 ":syntax include" command:
|
|
3327
|
|
3328 :sy[ntax] include [@{grouplist-name}] {file-name}
|
|
3329
|
|
3330 All syntax items declared in the included file will have the
|
|
3331 "contained" flag added. In addition, if a group list is specified,
|
|
3332 all top-level syntax items in the included file will be added to
|
|
3333 that list. >
|
|
3334
|
|
3335 " In perl.vim:
|
|
3336 :syntax include @Pod <sfile>:p:h/pod.vim
|
|
3337 :syntax region perlPOD start="^=head" end="^=cut" contains=@Pod
|
|
3338 <
|
|
3339 When {file-name} is an absolute path (starts with "/", "c:", "$VAR"
|
|
3340 or "<sfile>") that file is sourced. When it is a relative path
|
|
3341 (e.g., "syntax/pod.vim") the file is searched for in 'runtimepath'.
|
|
3342 All matching files are loaded. Using a relative path is
|
|
3343 recommended, because it allows a user to replace the included file
|
|
3344 with his own version, without replacing the file that does the ":syn
|
|
3345 include".
|
|
3346
|
|
3347 ==============================================================================
|
|
3348 10. Synchronizing *:syn-sync* *E403* *E404*
|
|
3349
|
|
3350 Vim wants to be able to start redrawing in any position in the document. To
|
|
3351 make this possible it needs to know the syntax state at the position where
|
|
3352 redrawing starts.
|
|
3353
|
|
3354 :sy[ntax] sync [ccomment [group-name] | minlines={N} | ...]
|
|
3355
|
|
3356 There are four ways to synchronize:
|
|
3357 1. Always parse from the start of the file.
|
|
3358 |:syn-sync-first|
|
|
3359 2. Based on C-style comments. Vim understands how C-comments work and can
|
|
3360 figure out if the current line starts inside or outside a comment.
|
|
3361 |:syn-sync-second|
|
|
3362 3. Jumping back a certain number of lines and start parsing there.
|
|
3363 |:syn-sync-third|
|
|
3364 4. Searching backwards in the text for a pattern to sync on.
|
|
3365 |:syn-sync-fourth|
|
|
3366
|
|
3367 *:syn-sync-maxlines* *:syn-sync-minlines*
|
|
3368 For the last three methods, the line range where the parsing can start is
|
|
3369 limited by "minlines" and "maxlines".
|
|
3370
|
|
3371 If the "minlines={N}" argument is given, the parsing always starts at least
|
|
3372 that many lines backwards. This can be used if the parsing may take a few
|
|
3373 lines before it's correct, or when it's not possible to use syncing.
|
|
3374
|
|
3375 If the "maxlines={N}" argument is given, the number of lines that are searched
|
|
3376 for a comment or syncing pattern is restricted to N lines backwards (after
|
|
3377 adding "minlines"). This is useful if you have few things to sync on and a
|
|
3378 slow machine. Example: >
|
|
3379 :syntax sync ccomment maxlines=500
|
|
3380 <
|
|
3381 *:syn-sync-linebreaks*
|
|
3382 When using a pattern that matches multiple lines, a change in one line may
|
|
3383 cause a pattern to no longer match in a previous line. This means has to
|
|
3384 start above where the change was made. How many lines can be specified with
|
|
3385 the "linebreaks" argument. For example, when a pattern may include one line
|
|
3386 break use this: >
|
|
3387 :syntax sync linebreaks=1
|
|
3388 The result is that redrawing always starts at least one line before where a
|
|
3389 change was made. The default value for "linebreaks" is zero. Usually the
|
|
3390 value for "minlines" is bigger than "linebreaks".
|
|
3391
|
|
3392
|
|
3393 First syncing method: *:syn-sync-first*
|
|
3394 >
|
|
3395 :syntax sync fromstart
|
|
3396
|
|
3397 The file will be parsed from the start. This makes syntax highlighting
|
|
3398 accurate, but can be slow for long files. Vim caches previously parsed text,
|
|
3399 so that it's only slow when parsing the text for the first time. However,
|
|
3400 when making changes some part of the next needs to be parsed again (worst
|
|
3401 case: to the end of the file).
|
|
3402
|
|
3403 Using "fromstart" is equivalent to using "minlines" with a very large number.
|
|
3404
|
|
3405
|
|
3406 Second syncing method: *:syn-sync-second* *:syn-sync-ccomment*
|
|
3407
|
|
3408 For the second method, only the "ccomment" argument needs to be given.
|
|
3409 Example: >
|
|
3410 :syntax sync ccomment
|
|
3411
|
|
3412 When Vim finds that the line where displaying starts is inside a C-style
|
|
3413 comment, the last region syntax item with the group-name "Comment" will be
|
|
3414 used. This requires that there is a region with the group-name "Comment"!
|
|
3415 An alternate group name can be specified, for example: >
|
|
3416 :syntax sync ccomment javaComment
|
|
3417 This means that the last item specified with "syn region javaComment" will be
|
|
3418 used for the detected C comment region. This only works properly if that
|
|
3419 region does have a start pattern "\/*" and an end pattern "*\/".
|
|
3420
|
|
3421 The "maxlines" argument can be used to restrict the search to a number of
|
|
3422 lines. The "minlines" argument can be used to at least start a number of
|
|
3423 lines back (e.g., for when there is some construct that only takes a few
|
|
3424 lines, but it hard to sync on).
|
|
3425
|
|
3426 Note: Syncing on a C comment doesn't work properly when strings are used
|
|
3427 that cross a line and contain a "*/". Since letting strings cross a line
|
|
3428 is a bad programming habit (many compilers give a warning message), and the
|
|
3429 chance of a "*/" appearing inside a comment is very small, this restriction
|
|
3430 is hardly ever noticed.
|
|
3431
|
|
3432
|
|
3433 Third syncing method: *:syn-sync-third*
|
|
3434
|
|
3435 For the third method, only the "minlines={N}" argument needs to be given.
|
|
3436 Vim will subtract {N} from the line number and start parsing there. This
|
|
3437 means {N} extra lines need to be parsed, which makes this method a bit slower.
|
|
3438 Example: >
|
|
3439 :syntax sync minlines=50
|
|
3440
|
|
3441 "lines" is equivalent to "minlines" (used by older versions).
|
|
3442
|
|
3443
|
|
3444 Fourth syncing method: *:syn-sync-fourth*
|
|
3445
|
|
3446 The idea is to synchronize on the end of a few specific regions, called a
|
|
3447 sync pattern. Only regions can cross lines, so when we find the end of some
|
|
3448 region, we might be able to know in which syntax item we are. The search
|
|
3449 starts in the line just above the one where redrawing starts. From there
|
|
3450 the search continues backwards in the file.
|
|
3451
|
|
3452 This works just like the non-syncing syntax items. You can use contained
|
|
3453 matches, nextgroup, etc. But there are a few differences:
|
|
3454 - Keywords cannot be used.
|
|
3455 - The syntax items with the "sync" keyword form a completely separated group
|
|
3456 of syntax items. You can't mix syncing groups and non-syncing groups.
|
|
3457 - The matching works backwards in the buffer (line by line), instead of
|
|
3458 forwards.
|
|
3459 - A line continuation pattern can be given. It is used to decide which group
|
|
3460 of lines need to be searched like they were one line. This means that the
|
|
3461 search for a match with the specified items starts in the first of the
|
|
3462 consecutive that contain the continuation pattern.
|
|
3463 - When using "nextgroup" or "contains", this only works within one line (or
|
|
3464 group of continued lines).
|
|
3465 - When using a region, it must start and end in the same line (or group of
|
|
3466 continued lines). Otherwise the end is assumed to be at the end of the
|
|
3467 line (or group of continued lines).
|
|
3468 - When a match with a sync pattern is found, the rest of the line (or group of
|
|
3469 continued lines) is searched for another match. The last match is used.
|
|
3470 This is used when a line can contain both the start end the end of a region
|
|
3471 (e.g., in a C-comment like /* this */, the last "*/" is used).
|
|
3472
|
|
3473 There are two ways how a match with a sync pattern can be used:
|
|
3474 1. Parsing for highlighting starts where redrawing starts (and where the
|
|
3475 search for the sync pattern started). The syntax group that is expected
|
|
3476 to be valid there must be specified. This works well when the regions
|
|
3477 that cross lines cannot contain other regions.
|
|
3478 2. Parsing for highlighting continues just after the match. The syntax group
|
|
3479 that is expected to be present just after the match must be specified.
|
|
3480 This can be used when the previous method doesn't work well. It's much
|
|
3481 slower, because more text needs to be parsed.
|
|
3482 Both types of sync patterns can be used at the same time.
|
|
3483
|
|
3484 Besides the sync patterns, other matches and regions can be specified, to
|
|
3485 avoid finding unwanted matches.
|
|
3486
|
|
3487 [The reason that the sync patterns are given separately, is that mostly the
|
|
3488 search for the sync point can be much simpler than figuring out the
|
|
3489 highlighting. The reduced number of patterns means it will go (much)
|
|
3490 faster.]
|
|
3491
|
|
3492 *syn-sync-grouphere* *E393* *E394*
|
|
3493 :syntax sync match {sync-group-name} grouphere {group-name} "pattern" ..
|
|
3494
|
|
3495 Define a match that is used for syncing. {group-name} is the
|
|
3496 name of a syntax group that follows just after the match. Parsing
|
|
3497 of the text for highlighting starts just after the match. A region
|
|
3498 must exist for this {group-name}. The first one defined will be used.
|
|
3499 "NONE" can be used for when there is no syntax group after the match.
|
|
3500
|
|
3501 *syn-sync-groupthere*
|
|
3502 :syntax sync match {sync-group-name} groupthere {group-name} "pattern" ..
|
|
3503
|
|
3504 Like "grouphere", but {group-name} is the name of a syntax group that
|
|
3505 is to be used at the start of the line where searching for the sync
|
|
3506 point started. The text between the match and the start of the sync
|
|
3507 pattern searching is assumed not to change the syntax highlighting.
|
|
3508 For example, in C you could search backwards for "/*" and "*/". If
|
|
3509 "/*" is found first, you know that you are inside a comment, so the
|
|
3510 "groupthere" is "cComment". If "*/" is found first, you know that you
|
|
3511 are not in a comment, so the "groupthere" is "NONE". (in practice
|
|
3512 it's a bit more complicated, because the "/*" and "*/" could appear
|
|
3513 inside a string. That's left as an exercise to the reader...).
|
|
3514
|
|
3515 :syntax sync match ..
|
|
3516 :syntax sync region ..
|
|
3517
|
|
3518 Without a "groupthere" argument. Define a region or match that is
|
|
3519 skipped while searching for a sync point.
|
|
3520
|
169
|
3521 *syn-sync-linecont*
|
7
|
3522 :syntax sync linecont {pattern}
|
|
3523
|
|
3524 When {pattern} matches in a line, it is considered to continue in
|
|
3525 the next line. This means that the search for a sync point will
|
|
3526 consider the lines to be concatenated.
|
|
3527
|
|
3528 If the "maxlines={N}" argument is given too, the number of lines that are
|
|
3529 searched for a match is restricted to N. This is useful if you have very
|
|
3530 few things to sync on and a slow machine. Example: >
|
|
3531 :syntax sync maxlines=100
|
|
3532
|
|
3533 You can clear all sync settings with: >
|
|
3534 :syntax sync clear
|
|
3535
|
|
3536 You can clear specific sync patterns with: >
|
|
3537 :syntax sync clear {sync-group-name} ..
|
|
3538
|
|
3539 ==============================================================================
|
|
3540 11. Listing syntax items *:syntax* *:sy* *:syn* *:syn-list*
|
|
3541
|
|
3542 This commands lists all the syntax items: >
|
|
3543
|
|
3544 :sy[ntax] [list]
|
|
3545
|
|
3546 To show the syntax items for one syntax group: >
|
|
3547
|
|
3548 :sy[ntax] list {group-name}
|
|
3549
|
|
3550 To list the syntax groups in one cluster: *E392* >
|
|
3551
|
|
3552 :sy[ntax] list @{cluster-name}
|
|
3553
|
|
3554 See above for other arguments for the ":syntax" command.
|
|
3555
|
|
3556 Note that the ":syntax" command can be abbreviated to ":sy", although ":syn"
|
|
3557 is mostly used, because it looks better.
|
|
3558
|
|
3559 ==============================================================================
|
|
3560 12. Highlight command *:highlight* *:hi* *E28* *E411* *E415*
|
|
3561
|
|
3562 There are three types of highlight groups:
|
|
3563 - The ones used for specific languages. For these the name starts with the
|
|
3564 name of the language. Many of these don't have any attributes, but are
|
|
3565 linked to a group of the second type.
|
|
3566 - The ones used for all syntax languages.
|
|
3567 - The ones used for the 'highlight' option.
|
|
3568 *hitest.vim*
|
|
3569 You can see all the groups currently active with this command: >
|
|
3570 :so $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/hitest.vim
|
|
3571 This will open a new window containing all highlight group names, displayed
|
|
3572 in their own color.
|
|
3573
|
|
3574 *:colo* *:colorscheme* *E185*
|
|
3575 :colo[rscheme] {name} Load color scheme {name}. This searches 'runtimepath'
|
|
3576 for the file "colors/{name}.vim. The first one that
|
|
3577 is found is loaded.
|
|
3578 To see the name of the currently active color scheme
|
|
3579 (if there is one): >
|
|
3580 :echo g:colors_name
|
|
3581 < Doesn't work recursively, thus you can't use
|
|
3582 ":colorscheme" in a color scheme script.
|
12
|
3583 After the color scheme has been loaded the
|
|
3584 |ColorScheme| autocommand event is triggered.
|
22
|
3585 For info about writing a colorscheme file: >
|
|
3586 :edit $VIMRUNTIME/colors/README.txt
|
7
|
3587
|
|
3588 :hi[ghlight] List all the current highlight groups that have
|
|
3589 attributes set.
|
|
3590
|
|
3591 :hi[ghlight] {group-name}
|
|
3592 List one highlight group.
|
|
3593
|
|
3594 :hi[ghlight] clear Reset all highlighting to the defaults. Removes all
|
|
3595 highlighting for groups added by the user!
|
|
3596 Uses the current value of 'background' to decide which
|
|
3597 default colors to use.
|
|
3598
|
|
3599 :hi[ghlight] clear {group-name}
|
|
3600 :hi[ghlight] {group-name} NONE
|
|
3601 Disable the highlighting for one highlight group. It
|
|
3602 is _not_ set back to the default colors.
|
|
3603
|
|
3604 :hi[ghlight] [default] {group-name} {key}={arg} ..
|
|
3605 Add a highlight group, or change the highlighting for
|
|
3606 an existing group.
|
|
3607 See |highlight-args| for the {key}={arg} arguments.
|
|
3608 See |:highlight-default| for the optional [default]
|
|
3609 argument.
|
|
3610
|
|
3611 Normally a highlight group is added once when starting up. This sets the
|
|
3612 default values for the highlighting. After that, you can use additional
|
|
3613 highlight commands to change the arguments that you want to set to non-default
|
|
3614 values. The value "NONE" can be used to switch the value off or go back to
|
|
3615 the default value.
|
|
3616
|
|
3617 A simple way to change colors is with the |:colorscheme| command. This loads
|
|
3618 a file with ":highlight" commands such as this: >
|
|
3619
|
|
3620 :hi Comment gui=bold
|
|
3621
|
|
3622 Note that all settings that are not included remain the same, only the
|
|
3623 specified field is used, and settings are merged with previous ones. So, the
|
|
3624 result is like this single command has been used: >
|
|
3625 :hi Comment term=bold ctermfg=Cyan guifg=#80a0ff gui=bold
|
|
3626 <
|
|
3627 *highlight-args* *E416* *E417* *E423*
|
|
3628 There are three types of terminals for highlighting:
|
|
3629 term a normal terminal (vt100, xterm)
|
|
3630 cterm a color terminal (MS-DOS console, color-xterm, these have the "Co"
|
|
3631 termcap entry)
|
|
3632 gui the GUI
|
|
3633
|
|
3634 For each type the highlighting can be given. This makes it possible to use
|
|
3635 the same syntax file on all terminals, and use the optimal highlighting.
|
|
3636
|
|
3637 1. highlight arguments for normal terminals
|
|
3638
|
301
|
3639 *bold* *underline* *undercurl*
|
|
3640 *inverse* *italic* *standout*
|
7
|
3641 term={attr-list} *attr-list* *highlight-term* *E418*
|
|
3642 attr-list is a comma separated list (without spaces) of the
|
|
3643 following items (in any order):
|
|
3644 bold
|
|
3645 underline
|
217
|
3646 undercurl not always available
|
7
|
3647 reverse
|
|
3648 inverse same as reverse
|
|
3649 italic
|
|
3650 standout
|
|
3651 NONE no attributes used (used to reset it)
|
|
3652
|
|
3653 Note that "bold" can be used here and by using a bold font. They
|
|
3654 have the same effect.
|
217
|
3655 "undercurl" is a curly underline. When "undercurl" is not possible
|
|
3656 then "underline" is used. In general "undercurl" is only available in
|
|
3657 the GUI.
|
7
|
3658
|
|
3659 start={term-list} *highlight-start* *E422*
|
|
3660 stop={term-list} *term-list* *highlight-stop*
|
|
3661 These lists of terminal codes can be used to get
|
|
3662 non-standard attributes on a terminal.
|
|
3663
|
|
3664 The escape sequence specified with the "start" argument
|
|
3665 is written before the characters in the highlighted
|
|
3666 area. It can be anything that you want to send to the
|
|
3667 terminal to highlight this area. The escape sequence
|
|
3668 specified with the "stop" argument is written after the
|
|
3669 highlighted area. This should undo the "start" argument.
|
|
3670 Otherwise the screen will look messed up.
|
|
3671
|
|
3672 The {term-list} can have two forms:
|
|
3673
|
|
3674 1. A string with escape sequences.
|
|
3675 This is any string of characters, except that it can't start with
|
|
3676 "t_" and blanks are not allowed. The <> notation is recognized
|
|
3677 here, so you can use things like "<Esc>" and "<Space>". Example:
|
|
3678 start=<Esc>[27h;<Esc>[<Space>r;
|
|
3679
|
|
3680 2. A list of terminal codes.
|
|
3681 Each terminal code has the form "t_xx", where "xx" is the name of
|
|
3682 the termcap entry. The codes have to be separated with commas.
|
|
3683 White space is not allowed. Example:
|
|
3684 start=t_C1,t_BL
|
|
3685 The terminal codes must exist for this to work.
|
|
3686
|
|
3687
|
|
3688 2. highlight arguments for color terminals
|
|
3689
|
|
3690 cterm={attr-list} *highlight-cterm*
|
|
3691 See above for the description of {attr-list} |attr-list|.
|
|
3692 The "cterm" argument is likely to be different from "term", when
|
|
3693 colors are used. For example, in a normal terminal comments could
|
|
3694 be underlined, in a color terminal they can be made Blue.
|
|
3695 Note: Many terminals (e.g., DOS console) can't mix these attributes
|
|
3696 with coloring. Use only one of "cterm=" OR "ctermfg=" OR "ctermbg=".
|
|
3697
|
|
3698 ctermfg={color-nr} *highlight-ctermfg* *E421*
|
|
3699 ctermbg={color-nr} *highlight-ctermbg*
|
|
3700 The {color-nr} argument is a color number. Its range is zero to
|
|
3701 (not including) the number given by the termcap entry "Co".
|
|
3702 The actual color with this number depends on the type of terminal
|
|
3703 and its settings. Sometimes the color also depends on the settings of
|
|
3704 "cterm". For example, on some systems "cterm=bold ctermfg=3" gives
|
|
3705 another color, on others you just get color 3.
|
|
3706
|
|
3707 For an xterm this depends on your resources, and is a bit
|
|
3708 unpredictable. See your xterm documentation for the defaults. The
|
|
3709 colors for a color-xterm can be changed from the .Xdefaults file.
|
|
3710 Unfortunately this means that it's not possible to get the same colors
|
|
3711 for each user. See |xterm-color| for info about color xterms.
|
|
3712
|
|
3713 The MSDOS standard colors are fixed (in a console window), so these
|
|
3714 have been used for the names. But the meaning of color names in X11
|
|
3715 are fixed, so these color settings have been used, to make the
|
|
3716 highlighting settings portable (complicated, isn't it?). The
|
|
3717 following names are recognized, with the color number used:
|
|
3718
|
|
3719 *cterm-colors*
|
|
3720 NR-16 NR-8 COLOR NAME ~
|
|
3721 0 0 Black
|
|
3722 1 4 DarkBlue
|
|
3723 2 2 DarkGreen
|
|
3724 3 6 DarkCyan
|
|
3725 4 1 DarkRed
|
|
3726 5 5 DarkMagenta
|
|
3727 6 3 Brown, DarkYellow
|
|
3728 7 7 LightGray, LightGrey, Gray, Grey
|
|
3729 8 0* DarkGray, DarkGrey
|
|
3730 9 4* Blue, LightBlue
|
|
3731 10 2* Green, LightGreen
|
|
3732 11 6* Cyan, LightCyan
|
|
3733 12 1* Red, LightRed
|
|
3734 13 5* Magenta, LightMagenta
|
|
3735 14 3* Yellow, LightYellow
|
|
3736 15 7* White
|
|
3737
|
|
3738 The number under "NR-16" is used for 16-color terminals ('t_Co'
|
|
3739 greater than or equal to 16). The number under "NR-8" is used for
|
|
3740 8-color terminals ('t_Co' less than 16). The '*' indicates that the
|
|
3741 bold attribute is set for ctermfg. In many 8-color terminals (e.g.,
|
|
3742 "linux"), this causes the bright colors to appear. This doesn't work
|
|
3743 for background colors! Without the '*' the bold attribute is removed.
|
|
3744 If you want to set the bold attribute in a different way, put a
|
|
3745 "cterm=" argument AFTER the "ctermfg=" or "ctermbg=" argument. Or use
|
|
3746 a number instead of a color name.
|
|
3747
|
|
3748 The case of the color names is ignored.
|
|
3749 Note that for 16 color ansi style terminals (including xterms), the
|
237
|
3750 numbers in the NR-8 column is used. Here '*' means 'add 8' so that Blue
|
7
|
3751 is 12, DarkGray is 8 etc.
|
|
3752
|
|
3753 Note that for some color terminals these names may result in the wrong
|
|
3754 colors!
|
|
3755
|
|
3756 *:hi-normal-cterm*
|
|
3757 When setting the "ctermfg" or "ctermbg" colors for the Normal group,
|
|
3758 these will become the colors used for the non-highlighted text.
|
|
3759 Example: >
|
|
3760 :highlight Normal ctermfg=grey ctermbg=darkblue
|
|
3761 < When setting the "ctermbg" color for the Normal group, the
|
|
3762 'background' option will be adjusted automatically. This causes the
|
|
3763 highlight groups that depend on 'background' to change! This means
|
|
3764 you should set the colors for Normal first, before setting other
|
|
3765 colors.
|
|
3766 When a colorscheme is being used, changing 'background' causes it to
|
|
3767 be reloaded, which may reset all colors (including Normal). First
|
|
3768 delete the "colors_name" variable when you don't want this.
|
|
3769
|
|
3770 When you have set "ctermfg" or "ctermbg" for the Normal group, Vim
|
|
3771 needs to reset the color when exiting. This is done with the "op"
|
|
3772 termcap entry |t_op|. If this doesn't work correctly, try setting the
|
|
3773 't_op' option in your .vimrc.
|
|
3774 *E419* *E420*
|
|
3775 When Vim knows the normal foreground and background colors, "fg" and
|
|
3776 "bg" can be used as color names. This only works after setting the
|
|
3777 colors for the Normal group and for the MS-DOS console. Example, for
|
|
3778 reverse video: >
|
|
3779 :highlight Visual ctermfg=bg ctermbg=fg
|
|
3780 < Note that the colors are used that are valid at the moment this
|
|
3781 command are given. If the Normal group colors are changed later, the
|
|
3782 "fg" and "bg" colors will not be adjusted.
|
|
3783
|
|
3784
|
|
3785 3. highlight arguments for the GUI
|
|
3786
|
|
3787 gui={attr-list} *highlight-gui*
|
|
3788 These give the attributes to use in the GUI mode.
|
|
3789 See |attr-list| for a description.
|
|
3790 Note that "bold" can be used here and by using a bold font. They
|
|
3791 have the same effect.
|
|
3792 Note that the attributes are ignored for the "Normal" group.
|
|
3793
|
|
3794 font={font-name} *highlight-font*
|
|
3795 font-name is the name of a font, as it is used on the system Vim
|
|
3796 runs on. For X11 this is a complicated name, for example: >
|
|
3797 font=-misc-fixed-bold-r-normal--14-130-75-75-c-70-iso8859-1
|
|
3798 <
|
|
3799 The font-name "NONE" can be used to revert to the default font.
|
|
3800 When setting the font for the "Normal" group, this becomes the default
|
|
3801 font (until the 'guifont' option is changed; the last one set is
|
|
3802 used).
|
|
3803 The following only works with Motif and Athena, not with other GUIs:
|
|
3804 When setting the font for the "Menu" group, the menus will be changed.
|
|
3805 When setting the font for the "Tooltip" group, the tooltips will be
|
|
3806 changed.
|
|
3807 All fonts used, except for Menu and Tooltip, should be of the same
|
|
3808 character size as the default font! Otherwise redrawing problems will
|
|
3809 occur.
|
|
3810
|
|
3811 guifg={color-name} *highlight-guifg*
|
|
3812 guibg={color-name} *highlight-guibg*
|
217
|
3813 guisp={color-name} *highlight-guisp*
|
|
3814 These give the foreground (guifg), background (guibg) and special
|
|
3815 (guisp) color to use in the GUI. "guisp" is used for underline and
|
|
3816 undercurl. There are a few special names:
|
7
|
3817 NONE no color (transparent)
|
|
3818 bg use normal background color
|
|
3819 background use normal background color
|
|
3820 fg use normal foreground color
|
|
3821 foreground use normal foreground color
|
|
3822 To use a color name with an embedded space or other special character,
|
|
3823 put it in single quotes. The single quote cannot be used then.
|
|
3824 Example: >
|
|
3825 :hi comment guifg='salmon pink'
|
|
3826 <
|
|
3827 *gui-colors*
|
|
3828 Suggested color names (these are available on most systems):
|
|
3829 Red LightRed DarkRed
|
|
3830 Green LightGreen DarkGreen SeaGreen
|
|
3831 Blue LightBlue DarkBlue SlateBlue
|
|
3832 Cyan LightCyan DarkCyan
|
|
3833 Magenta LightMagenta DarkMagenta
|
|
3834 Yellow LightYellow Brown DarkYellow
|
|
3835 Gray LightGray DarkGray
|
|
3836 Black White
|
|
3837 Orange Purple Violet
|
|
3838
|
|
3839 In the Win32 GUI version, additional system colors are available. See
|
|
3840 |win32-colors|.
|
|
3841
|
|
3842 You can also specify a color by its Red, Green and Blue values.
|
|
3843 The format is "#rrggbb", where
|
|
3844 "rr" is the Red value
|
217
|
3845 "gg" is the Green value
|
7
|
3846 "bb" is the Blue value
|
|
3847 All values are hexadecimal, range from "00" to "ff". Examples: >
|
|
3848 :highlight Comment guifg=#11f0c3 guibg=#ff00ff
|
|
3849 <
|
|
3850 *highlight-groups* *highlight-default*
|
|
3851 These are the default highlighting groups. These groups are used by the
|
|
3852 'highlight' option default. Note that the highlighting depends on the value
|
|
3853 of 'background'. You can see the current settings with the ":highlight"
|
|
3854 command.
|
|
3855 *hl-Cursor*
|
|
3856 Cursor the character under the cursor
|
|
3857 *hl-CursorIM*
|
|
3858 CursorIM like Cursor, but used when in IME mode |CursorIM|
|
|
3859 *hl-Directory*
|
|
3860 Directory directory names (and other special names in listings)
|
|
3861 *hl-DiffAdd*
|
|
3862 DiffAdd diff mode: Added line |diff.txt|
|
|
3863 *hl-DiffChange*
|
|
3864 DiffChange diff mode: Changed line |diff.txt|
|
|
3865 *hl-DiffDelete*
|
|
3866 DiffDelete diff mode: Deleted line |diff.txt|
|
|
3867 *hl-DiffText*
|
|
3868 DiffText diff mode: Changed text within a changed line |diff.txt|
|
|
3869 *hl-ErrorMsg*
|
|
3870 ErrorMsg error messages on the command line
|
|
3871 *hl-VertSplit*
|
|
3872 VertSplit the column separating vertically split windows
|
|
3873 *hl-Folded*
|
|
3874 Folded line used for closed folds
|
|
3875 *hl-FoldColumn*
|
|
3876 FoldColumn 'foldcolumn'
|
|
3877 *hl-SignColumn*
|
|
3878 SignColumn column where |signs| are displayed
|
|
3879 *hl-IncSearch*
|
|
3880 IncSearch 'incsearch' highlighting; also used for the text replaced with
|
|
3881 ":s///c"
|
|
3882 *hl-LineNr*
|
|
3883 LineNr line number for ":number" and ":#" commands, and when 'number'
|
|
3884 option is set.
|
|
3885 *hl-ModeMsg*
|
|
3886 ModeMsg 'showmode' message (e.g., "-- INSERT --")
|
|
3887 *hl-MoreMsg*
|
|
3888 MoreMsg |more-prompt|
|
|
3889 *hl-NonText*
|
|
3890 NonText '~' and '@' at the end of the window, characters from
|
|
3891 'showbreak' and other characters that do not really exist in
|
|
3892 the text (e.g., ">" displayed when a double-wide character
|
|
3893 doesn't fit at the end of the line).
|
|
3894 *hl-Normal*
|
|
3895 Normal normal text
|
|
3896 *hl-Question*
|
|
3897 Question |hit-enter| prompt and yes/no questions
|
|
3898 *hl-Search*
|
|
3899 Search Last search pattern highlighting (see 'hlsearch').
|
|
3900 Also used for highlighting the current line in the quickfix
|
|
3901 window and similar items that need to stand out.
|
|
3902 *hl-SpecialKey*
|
|
3903 SpecialKey Meta and special keys listed with ":map", also for text used
|
|
3904 to show unprintable characters in the text, 'listchars'.
|
|
3905 Generally: text that is displayed differently from what it
|
|
3906 really is.
|
221
|
3907 *hl-SpellBad*
|
|
3908 SpellBad Word that is not recognized by the spellchecker. |spell|
|
|
3909 This will be combined with the highlighting used otherwise.
|
|
3910 *hl-SpellLocal*
|
|
3911 SpellLocal Word that is recognized by the spellchecker as one that is
|
|
3912 used in another region. |spell|
|
|
3913 This will be combined with the highlighting used otherwise.
|
|
3914 *hl-SpellRare*
|
|
3915 SpellRare Word that is recognized by the spellchecker as one that is
|
|
3916 hardly ever used. |spell|
|
|
3917 This will be combined with the highlighting used otherwise.
|
7
|
3918 *hl-StatusLine*
|
|
3919 StatusLine status line of current window
|
|
3920 *hl-StatusLineNC*
|
|
3921 StatusLineNC status lines of not-current windows
|
|
3922 Note: if this is equal to "StatusLine" Vim will use "^^^" in
|
|
3923 the status line of the current window.
|
|
3924 *hl-Title*
|
|
3925 Title titles for output from ":set all", ":autocmd" etc.
|
|
3926 *hl-Visual*
|
|
3927 Visual Visual mode selection
|
|
3928 *hl-VisualNOS*
|
|
3929 VisualNOS Visual mode selection when vim is "Not Owning the Selection".
|
|
3930 Only X11 Gui's |gui-x11| and |xterm-clipboard| supports this.
|
|
3931 *hl-WarningMsg*
|
|
3932 WarningMsg warning messages
|
|
3933 *hl-WildMenu*
|
|
3934 WildMenu current match in 'wildmenu' completion
|
|
3935
|
|
3936 *hl-User1* *hl-User1..9*
|
|
3937 The 'statusline' syntax allows the use of 9 different highlights in the
|
237
|
3938 statusline and ruler (via 'rulerformat'). The names are User1 to User9.
|
7
|
3939
|
|
3940 For the GUI you can use these groups to set the colors for the menu,
|
|
3941 scrollbars and tooltips. They don't have defaults. This doesn't work for the
|
|
3942 Win32 GUI. Only three highlight arguments have any effect here: font, guibg,
|
|
3943 and guifg.
|
|
3944
|
|
3945 *hl-Menu*
|
|
3946 Menu Current font, background and foreground colors of the menus.
|
|
3947 Also used for the toolbar.
|
|
3948 Applicable highlight arguments: font, guibg, guifg.
|
|
3949
|
|
3950 NOTE: For Motif and Athena the font argument actually
|
|
3951 specifies a fontset at all times, no matter if 'guifontset' is
|
|
3952 empty, and as such it is tied to the current |:language| when
|
|
3953 set.
|
|
3954
|
|
3955 *hl-Scrollbar*
|
|
3956 Scrollbar Current background and foreground of the main window's
|
|
3957 scrollbars.
|
|
3958 Applicable highlight arguments: guibg, guifg.
|
|
3959
|
|
3960 *hl-Tooltip*
|
|
3961 Tooltip Current font, background and foreground of the tooltips.
|
|
3962 Applicable highlight arguments: font, guibg, guifg.
|
|
3963
|
|
3964 NOTE: For Motif and Athena the font argument actually
|
|
3965 specifies a fontset at all times, no matter if 'guifontset' is
|
|
3966 empty, and as such it is tied to the current |:language| when
|
|
3967 set.
|
|
3968
|
|
3969 ==============================================================================
|
|
3970 13. Linking groups *:hi-link* *:highlight-link* *E412* *E413*
|
|
3971
|
|
3972 When you want to use the same highlighting for several syntax groups, you
|
|
3973 can do this more easily by linking the groups into one common highlight
|
|
3974 group, and give the color attributes only for that group.
|
|
3975
|
|
3976 To set a link:
|
|
3977
|
|
3978 :hi[ghlight][!] [default] link {from-group} {to-group}
|
|
3979
|
|
3980 To remove a link:
|
|
3981
|
|
3982 :hi[ghlight][!] [default] link {from-group} NONE
|
|
3983
|
|
3984 Notes: *E414*
|
|
3985 - If the {from-group} and/or {to-group} doesn't exist, it is created. You
|
|
3986 don't get an error message for a non-existing group.
|
|
3987 - As soon as you use a ":highlight" command for a linked group, the link is
|
|
3988 removed.
|
|
3989 - If there are already highlight settings for the {from-group}, the link is
|
|
3990 not made, unless the '!' is given. For a ":highlight link" command in a
|
|
3991 sourced file, you don't get an error message. This can be used to skip
|
|
3992 links for groups that already have settings.
|
|
3993
|
|
3994 *:hi-default* *:highlight-default*
|
|
3995 The [default] argument is used for setting the default highlighting for a
|
|
3996 group. If highlighting has already been specified for the group the command
|
|
3997 will be ignored. Also when there is an existing link.
|
|
3998
|
|
3999 Using [default] is especially useful to overrule the highlighting of a
|
|
4000 specific syntax file. For example, the C syntax file contains: >
|
|
4001 :highlight default link cComment Comment
|
|
4002 If you like Question highlighting for C comments, put this in your vimrc file: >
|
|
4003 :highlight link cComment Question
|
|
4004 Without the "default" in the C syntax file, the highlighting would be
|
|
4005 overruled when the syntax file is loaded.
|
|
4006
|
|
4007 ==============================================================================
|
|
4008 14. Cleaning up *:syn-clear* *E391*
|
|
4009
|
|
4010 If you want to clear the syntax stuff for the current buffer, you can use this
|
|
4011 command: >
|
|
4012 :syntax clear
|
|
4013
|
|
4014 This command should be used when you want to switch off syntax highlighting,
|
|
4015 or when you want to switch to using another syntax. It's normally not needed
|
|
4016 in a syntax file itself, because syntax is cleared by the autocommands that
|
|
4017 load the syntax file.
|
|
4018 The command also deletes the "b:current_syntax" variable, since no syntax is
|
|
4019 loaded after this command.
|
|
4020
|
|
4021 If you want to disable syntax highlighting for all buffers, you need to remove
|
|
4022 the autocommands that load the syntax files: >
|
|
4023 :syntax off
|
|
4024
|
|
4025 What this command actually does, is executing the command >
|
|
4026 :source $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/nosyntax.vim
|
|
4027 See the "nosyntax.vim" file for details. Note that for this to work
|
|
4028 $VIMRUNTIME must be valid. See |$VIMRUNTIME|.
|
|
4029
|
|
4030 To clean up specific syntax groups for the current buffer: >
|
|
4031 :syntax clear {group-name} ..
|
|
4032 This removes all patterns and keywords for {group-name}.
|
|
4033
|
|
4034 To clean up specific syntax group lists for the current buffer: >
|
|
4035 :syntax clear @{grouplist-name} ..
|
|
4036 This sets {grouplist-name}'s contents to an empty list.
|
|
4037
|
|
4038 *:syntax-reset* *:syn-reset*
|
|
4039 If you have changed the colors and messed them up, use this command to get the
|
|
4040 defaults back: >
|
|
4041
|
|
4042 :syntax reset
|
|
4043
|
|
4044 This doesn't change the colors for the 'highlight' option.
|
|
4045
|
|
4046 Note that the syntax colors that you set in your vimrc file will also be reset
|
|
4047 back to their Vim default.
|
|
4048 Note that if you are using a color scheme, the colors defined by the color
|
|
4049 scheme for syntax highlighting will be lost.
|
|
4050
|
|
4051 What this actually does is: >
|
|
4052
|
|
4053 let g:syntax_cmd = "reset"
|
|
4054 runtime! syntax/syncolor.vim
|
|
4055
|
|
4056 Note that this uses the 'runtimepath' option.
|
|
4057
|
|
4058 *syncolor*
|
|
4059 If you want to use different colors for syntax highlighting, you can add a Vim
|
|
4060 script file to set these colors. Put this file in a directory in
|
|
4061 'runtimepath' which comes after $VIMRUNTIME, so that your settings overrule
|
|
4062 the default colors. This way these colors will be used after the ":syntax
|
|
4063 reset" command.
|
|
4064
|
|
4065 For Unix you can use the file ~/.vim/after/syntax/syncolor.vim. Example: >
|
|
4066
|
|
4067 if &background == "light"
|
|
4068 highlight comment ctermfg=darkgreen guifg=darkgreen
|
|
4069 else
|
|
4070 highlight comment ctermfg=green guifg=green
|
|
4071 endif
|
|
4072
|
24
|
4073 *E679*
|
|
4074 Do make sure this syncolor.vim script does not use a "syntax on", set the
|
|
4075 'background' option or uses a "colorscheme" command, because it results in an
|
|
4076 endless loop.
|
|
4077
|
7
|
4078 Note that when a color scheme is used, there might be some confusion whether
|
|
4079 your defined colors are to be used or the colors from the scheme. This
|
|
4080 depends on the color scheme file. See |:colorscheme|.
|
|
4081
|
|
4082 *syntax_cmd*
|
|
4083 The "syntax_cmd" variable is set to one of these values when the
|
|
4084 syntax/syncolor.vim files are loaded:
|
|
4085 "on" ":syntax on" command. Highlight colors are overruled but
|
|
4086 links are kept
|
|
4087 "enable" ":syntax enable" command. Only define colors for groups that
|
|
4088 don't have highlighting yet. Use ":syntax default".
|
|
4089 "reset" ":syntax reset" command or loading a color scheme. Define all
|
|
4090 the colors.
|
|
4091 "skip" Don't define colors. Used to skip the default settings when a
|
|
4092 syncolor.vim file earlier in 'runtimepath' has already set
|
|
4093 them.
|
|
4094
|
|
4095 ==============================================================================
|
|
4096 15. Highlighting tags *tag-highlight*
|
|
4097
|
|
4098 If you want to highlight all the tags in your file, you can use the following
|
|
4099 mappings.
|
|
4100
|
|
4101 <F11> -- Generate tags.vim file, and highlight tags.
|
|
4102 <F12> -- Just highlight tags based on existing tags.vim file.
|
|
4103 >
|
|
4104 :map <F11> :sp tags<CR>:%s/^\([^ :]*:\)\=\([^ ]*\).*/syntax keyword Tag \2/<CR>:wq! tags.vim<CR>/^<CR><F12>
|
|
4105 :map <F12> :so tags.vim<CR>
|
|
4106
|
|
4107 WARNING: The longer the tags file, the slower this will be, and the more
|
|
4108 memory Vim will consume.
|
|
4109
|
|
4110 Only highlighting typedefs, unions and structs can be done too. For this you
|
|
4111 must use Exuberant ctags (found at http://ctags.sf.net).
|
|
4112
|
|
4113 Put these lines in your Makefile:
|
|
4114
|
|
4115 # Make a highlight file for types. Requires Exuberant ctags and awk
|
|
4116 types: types.vim
|
|
4117 types.vim: *.[ch]
|
|
4118 ctags -i=gstuS -o- *.[ch] |\
|
|
4119 awk 'BEGIN{printf("syntax keyword Type\t")}\
|
|
4120 {printf("%s ", $$1)}END{print ""}' > $@
|
|
4121
|
|
4122 And put these lines in your .vimrc: >
|
|
4123
|
|
4124 " load the types.vim highlighting file, if it exists
|
|
4125 autocmd BufRead,BufNewFile *.[ch] let fname = expand('<afile>:p:h') . '/types.vim'
|
|
4126 autocmd BufRead,BufNewFile *.[ch] if filereadable(fname)
|
|
4127 autocmd BufRead,BufNewFile *.[ch] exe 'so ' . fname
|
|
4128 autocmd BufRead,BufNewFile *.[ch] endif
|
|
4129
|
|
4130 ==============================================================================
|
|
4131 16. Color xterms *xterm-color* *color-xterm*
|
|
4132
|
|
4133 Most color xterms have only eight colors. If you don't get colors with the
|
|
4134 default setup, it should work with these lines in your .vimrc: >
|
|
4135 :if &term =~ "xterm"
|
|
4136 : if has("terminfo")
|
|
4137 : set t_Co=8
|
|
4138 : set t_Sf=<Esc>[3%p1%dm
|
|
4139 : set t_Sb=<Esc>[4%p1%dm
|
|
4140 : else
|
|
4141 : set t_Co=8
|
|
4142 : set t_Sf=<Esc>[3%dm
|
|
4143 : set t_Sb=<Esc>[4%dm
|
|
4144 : endif
|
|
4145 :endif
|
|
4146 < [<Esc> is a real escape, type CTRL-V <Esc>]
|
|
4147
|
|
4148 You might want to change the first "if" to match the name of your terminal,
|
|
4149 e.g. "dtterm" instead of "xterm".
|
|
4150
|
|
4151 Note: Do these settings BEFORE doing ":syntax on". Otherwise the colors may
|
|
4152 be wrong.
|
|
4153 *xiterm* *rxvt*
|
|
4154 The above settings have been mentioned to work for xiterm and rxvt too.
|
|
4155 But for using 16 colors in an rxvt these should work with terminfo: >
|
|
4156 :set t_AB=<Esc>[%?%p1%{8}%<%t25;%p1%{40}%+%e5;%p1%{32}%+%;%dm
|
|
4157 :set t_AF=<Esc>[%?%p1%{8}%<%t22;%p1%{30}%+%e1;%p1%{22}%+%;%dm
|
|
4158 <
|
|
4159 *colortest.vim*
|
|
4160 To test your color setup, a file has been included in the Vim distribution.
|
|
4161 To use it, execute these commands: >
|
|
4162 :e $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/colortest.vim
|
|
4163 :so %
|
|
4164
|
237
|
4165 Some versions of xterm (and other terminals, like the Linux console) can
|
7
|
4166 output lighter foreground colors, even though the number of colors is defined
|
|
4167 at 8. Therefore Vim sets the "cterm=bold" attribute for light foreground
|
|
4168 colors, when 't_Co' is 8.
|
|
4169
|
|
4170 *xfree-xterm*
|
|
4171 To get 16 colors or more, get the newest xterm version (which should be
|
237
|
4172 included with XFree86 3.3 and later). You can also find the latest version
|
7
|
4173 at: >
|
|
4174 http://invisible-island.net/xterm/xterm.html
|
|
4175 Here is a good way to configure it. This uses 88 colors and enables the
|
|
4176 termcap-query feature, which allows Vim to ask the xterm how many colors it
|
|
4177 supports. >
|
|
4178 ./configure --disable-bold-color --enable-88-color --enable-tcap-query
|
|
4179 If you only get 8 colors, check the xterm compilation settings.
|
|
4180 (Also see |UTF8-xterm| for using this xterm with UTF-8 character encoding).
|
|
4181
|
|
4182 This xterm should work with these lines in your .vimrc (for 16 colors): >
|
|
4183 :if has("terminfo")
|
|
4184 : set t_Co=16
|
|
4185 : set t_AB=<Esc>[%?%p1%{8}%<%t%p1%{40}%+%e%p1%{92}%+%;%dm
|
|
4186 : set t_AF=<Esc>[%?%p1%{8}%<%t%p1%{30}%+%e%p1%{82}%+%;%dm
|
|
4187 :else
|
|
4188 : set t_Co=16
|
|
4189 : set t_Sf=<Esc>[3%dm
|
|
4190 : set t_Sb=<Esc>[4%dm
|
|
4191 :endif
|
|
4192 < [<Esc> is a real escape, type CTRL-V <Esc>]
|
|
4193
|
|
4194 Without |+terminfo|, Vim will recognize these settings, and automatically
|
|
4195 translate cterm colors of 8 and above to "<Esc>[9%dm" and "<Esc>[10%dm".
|
|
4196 Colors above 16 are also translated automatically.
|
|
4197
|
|
4198 For 256 colors this has been reported to work: >
|
|
4199
|
|
4200 :set t_AB=<Esc>[48;5;%dm
|
|
4201 :set t_AF=<Esc>[38;5;%dm
|
|
4202
|
|
4203 Or just set the TERM environment variable to "xterm-color" or "xterm-16color"
|
|
4204 and try if that works.
|
|
4205
|
|
4206 You probably want to use these X resources (in your ~/.Xdefaults file):
|
|
4207 XTerm*color0: #000000
|
|
4208 XTerm*color1: #c00000
|
|
4209 XTerm*color2: #008000
|
|
4210 XTerm*color3: #808000
|
|
4211 XTerm*color4: #0000c0
|
|
4212 XTerm*color5: #c000c0
|
|
4213 XTerm*color6: #008080
|
|
4214 XTerm*color7: #c0c0c0
|
|
4215 XTerm*color8: #808080
|
|
4216 XTerm*color9: #ff6060
|
|
4217 XTerm*color10: #00ff00
|
|
4218 XTerm*color11: #ffff00
|
|
4219 XTerm*color12: #8080ff
|
|
4220 XTerm*color13: #ff40ff
|
|
4221 XTerm*color14: #00ffff
|
|
4222 XTerm*color15: #ffffff
|
|
4223 Xterm*cursorColor: Black
|
|
4224
|
|
4225 [Note: The cursorColor is required to work around a bug, which changes the
|
|
4226 cursor color to the color of the last drawn text. This has been fixed by a
|
|
4227 newer version of xterm, but not everybody is it using yet.]
|
|
4228
|
|
4229 To get these right away, reload the .Xdefaults file to the X Option database
|
|
4230 Manager (you only need to do this when you just changed the .Xdefaults file): >
|
|
4231 xrdb -merge ~/.Xdefaults
|
|
4232 <
|
|
4233 *xterm-blink* *xterm-blinking-cursor*
|
|
4234 To make the cursor blink in an xterm, see tools/blink.c. Or use Thomas
|
|
4235 Dickey's xterm above patchlevel 107 (see above for where to get it), with
|
|
4236 these resources:
|
|
4237 XTerm*cursorBlink: on
|
|
4238 XTerm*cursorOnTime: 400
|
|
4239 XTerm*cursorOffTime: 250
|
|
4240 XTerm*cursorColor: White
|
|
4241
|
|
4242 *hpterm-color*
|
|
4243 These settings work (more or less) for a hpterm, which only supports 8
|
|
4244 foreground colors: >
|
|
4245 :if has("terminfo")
|
|
4246 : set t_Co=8
|
|
4247 : set t_Sf=<Esc>[&v%p1%dS
|
|
4248 : set t_Sb=<Esc>[&v7S
|
|
4249 :else
|
|
4250 : set t_Co=8
|
|
4251 : set t_Sf=<Esc>[&v%dS
|
|
4252 : set t_Sb=<Esc>[&v7S
|
|
4253 :endif
|
|
4254 < [<Esc> is a real escape, type CTRL-V <Esc>]
|
|
4255
|
|
4256 *Eterm* *enlightened-terminal*
|
|
4257 These settings have been reported to work for the Enlightened terminal
|
|
4258 emulator, or Eterm. They might work for all xterm-like terminals that use the
|
|
4259 bold attribute to get bright colors. Add an ":if" like above when needed. >
|
|
4260 :set t_Co=16
|
|
4261 :set t_AF=^[[%?%p1%{8}%<%t3%p1%d%e%p1%{22}%+%d;1%;m
|
|
4262 :set t_AB=^[[%?%p1%{8}%<%t4%p1%d%e%p1%{32}%+%d;1%;m
|
|
4263 <
|
|
4264 *TTpro-telnet*
|
|
4265 These settings should work for TTpro telnet. Tera Term Pro is a freeware /
|
|
4266 open-source program for MS-Windows. >
|
|
4267 set t_Co=16
|
|
4268 set t_AB=^[[%?%p1%{8}%<%t%p1%{40}%+%e%p1%{32}%+5;%;%dm
|
|
4269 set t_AF=^[[%?%p1%{8}%<%t%p1%{30}%+%e%p1%{22}%+1;%;%dm
|
|
4270 Also make sure TTpro's Setup / Window / Full Color is enabled, and make sure
|
|
4271 that Setup / Font / Enable Bold is NOT enabled.
|
|
4272 (info provided by John Love-Jensen <eljay@Adobe.COM>)
|
|
4273
|
|
4274 vim:tw=78:sw=4:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
|