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1 *version4.txt* For Vim version 9.0. Last change: 2006 Apr 24
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4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
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5
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6
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7 This document lists the incompatible differences between Vim 3.0 and Vim 4.0.
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8 Although 4.0 is mentioned here, this is also for version 4.1, 4.2, etc..
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9
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10 This file is important for everybody upgrading from Vim 3.0. Read it
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11 carefully to avoid unexpected problems.
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12
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13 'backup' option default changed |backup-changed|
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14 Extension for backup file changed |backup-extension|
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15 Structure of swap file changed |swapfile-changed|
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16 "-w scriptout" argument changed |scriptout-changed|
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17 Backspace and Delete keys |backspace-delete|
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18 Escape for | changed |escape-bar|
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19 Key codes changed |key-codes-changed|
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20 Terminal options changed |termcap-changed|
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21 'errorformat' option changed |errorformat-changed|
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22 'graphic' option gone |graphic-option-gone|
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23 'yankendofline' option gone |ye-option-gone|
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24 'icon' and 'title' default value changed |icon-changed|
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25 'highlight' option changed |highlight-changed|
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26 'tildeop' and 'weirdinvert' short names changed |short-name-changed|
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27 Use of "v", "V" and "CTRL-V" in Visual mode |use-visual-cmds|
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28 CTRL-B in Insert mode removed |toggle-revins|
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29
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30
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31 'backup' option default changed *backup-changed*
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32 -------------------------------
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33
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34 The default value for 'backup' used to be on. This resulted in a backup file
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35 being made when the original file was overwritten.
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36
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37 Now the default for 'backup' is off. As soon as the writing of the file has
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38 successfully finished, the backup file is deleted. If you want to keep the
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39 backup file, set 'backup' on in your vimrc. The reason for this change is
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40 that many people complained that leaving a backup file behind is not
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41 Vi-compatible. |'backup'|
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42
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43
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44 Extension for backup file changed *backup-extension*
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45 ---------------------------------
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46
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47 The extension for the backup file used to be ".bak". Since other programs
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48 also use this extension and some users make copies with this extension, it was
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49 changed to the less obvious "~". Another advantage is that this takes less
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50 space, which is useful when working on a system with short file names. For
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51 example, on MS-DOS the backup files for "longfile.c" and "longfile.h" would
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52 both become "longfile.bak"; now they will be "longfile.c~" and "longfile.h~".
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53
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54 If you prefer to use ".bak", you can set the 'backupext' option: >
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55 :set bex=.bak
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56
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57
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58 Structure of swap file changed *swapfile-changed*
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59 ------------------------------
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60
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61 The contents of the swap file were extended with several parameters. Vim
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62 stores the user name and other information about the edited file to make
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63 recovery more easy and to be able to know where the swap file comes from. The
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64 first part of the swap file can now be understood on a machine with a
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65 different byte order or sizeof(int). When you try to recover a file on such a
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66 machine, you will get an error message that this is not possible.
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67
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68 Because of this change, swap files cannot be exchanged between 3.0 and 4.0.
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69 If you have a swap file from a crashed session with 3.0, use Vim 3.0 to
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70 recover the file---don't use 4.0. |swap-file|
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71
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72
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73 "-w scriptout" argument changed *scriptout-changed*
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74 -------------------------------
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75
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76 "vim -w scriptout" used to append to the scriptout file. Since this was
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77 illogical, it now creates a new file. An existing file is not overwritten
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78 (to avoid destroying an existing file for those who rely on the appending).
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79 [This was removed again later] |-w|
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80
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81
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82 Backspace and Delete keys *backspace-delete*
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83 -------------------------
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84
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85 In 3.0 both the delete key and the backspace key worked as a backspace in
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86 insert mode; they deleted the character to the left of the cursor. In 4.0 the
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87 delete key has a new function: it deletes the character under the cursor, just
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88 like it does on the command-line. If the cursor is after the end of the line
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89 and 'bs' is set, two lines are joined. |<Del>| |i_<Del>|
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90
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91 In 3.0 the backspace key was always defined as CTRL-H and delete as CTRL-?.
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92 In 4.0 the code for the backspace and delete key is obtained from termcap or
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93 termlib, and adjusted for the "stty erase" value on Unix. This helps people
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94 who define the erase character according to the keyboard they are working on.
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95 |<BS>| |i_<BS>|
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96
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97 If you prefer backspace and delete in Insert mode to have the old behavior,
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98 put this line in your vimrc:
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99
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100 inoremap ^? ^H
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101
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102 And you may also want to add these, to fix the values for <BS> and <Del>:
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103
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104 set t_kb=^H
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105 set t_kD=^?
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106
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107 (Enter ^H with CTRL-V CTRL-H and ^? with CTRL-V CTRL-? or <Del>.)
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108
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109 If the value for t_kb is correct, but the t_kD value is not, use the ":fixdel"
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110 command. It will set t_kD according to the value of t_kb. This is useful if
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111 you are using several different terminals. |:fixdel|
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112
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113 When ^H is not recognized as <BS> or <Del>, it is used like a backspace.
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114
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115
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116 Escape for | changed *escape-bar*
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117 --------------------
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118
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119 When the 'b' flag is present in 'cpoptions', the backslash cannot be used to
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120 escape '|' in mapping and abbreviate commands, only CTRL-V can. This is
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121 Vi-compatible. If you work in Vi-compatible mode and had used "\|" to include
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122 a bar in a mapping, this needs to be replaced by "^V|". See |:bar|.
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123
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124
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125 Key codes changed *key-codes-changed*
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126 -----------------
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127
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128 The internal representation of key codes has changed dramatically. In 3.0 a
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129 one-byte code was used to represent a key. This caused problems with
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130 different characters sets that also used these codes. In 4.0 a three-byte
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131 code is used that cannot be confused with a character. |key-notation|
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132
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133 If you have used the single-byte key codes in your vimrc for mappings, you
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134 will have to replace them with the 4.0 codes. Instead of using the three-byte
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135 code directly, you should use the symbolic representation for this in <>. See
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136 the table below. The table also lists the old name, as it was used in the 3.0
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137 documentation.
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138
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139 The key names in <> can be used in mappings directly. This makes it possible
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140 to copy/paste examples or type them literally. The <> notation has been
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141 introduced for this |<>|. The 'B' and '<' flags must not be present in
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142 'cpoptions' to enable this to work |'cpoptions'|.
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143
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144 old name new name old code old MS-DOS code ~
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145 hex dec hex dec ~
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146 <ESC> <Esc>
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147 <TAB> <Tab>
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148 <LF> <NL> <NewLine> <LineFeed>
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149 <SPACE> <Space>
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150 <NUL> <Nul>
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151 <BELL> <Bell>
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152 <BS> <BS> <BackSpace>
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153 <INSERT> <Insert>
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154 <DEL> <Del> <Delete>
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155 <HOME> <Home>
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156 <END> <End>
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157 <PAGE_UP> <PageUp>
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158 <PAGE_DOWN> <PageDown>
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159
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160 <C_UP> <Up> 0x80 128 0xb0 176
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161 <C_DOWN> <Down> 0x81 129 0xb1 177
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162 <C_LEFT> <Left> 0x82 130 0xb2 178
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163 <C_RIGHT> <Right> 0x83 131 0xb3 179
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164 <SC_UP> <S-Up> 0x84 132 0xb4 180
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165 <SC_DOWN> <S-Down> 0x85 133 0xb5 181
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166 <SC_LEFT> <S-Left> 0x86 134 0xb6 182
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167 <SC_RIGHT> <S-Right> 0x87 135 0xb7 183
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168
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169 <F1> <F1> 0x88 136 0xb8 184
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170 <F2> <F2> 0x89 137 0xb9 185
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171 <F3> <F3> 0x8a 138 0xba 186
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172 <F4> <F4> 0x8b 139 0xbb 187
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173 <F5> <F5> 0x8c 140 0xbc 188
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174 <F6> <F6> 0x8d 141 0xbd 189
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175 <F7> <F7> 0x8e 142 0xbe 190
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176 <F8> <F8> 0x8f 143 0xbf 191
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177 <F9> <F9> 0x90 144 0xc0 192
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178 <F10> <F10> 0x91 145 0xc1 193
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179
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180 <SF1> <S-F1> 0x92 146 0xc2 194
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181 <SF2> <S-F2> 0x93 147 0xc3 195
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182 <SF3> <S-F3> 0x94 148 0xc4 196
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183 <SF4> <S-F4> 0x95 149 0xc5 197
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184 <SF5> <S-F5> 0x96 150 0xc6 198
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185 <SF6> <S-F6> 0x97 151 0xc7 199
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186 <SF7> <S-F7> 0x98 152 0xc8 200
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187 <SF8> <S-F8> 0x99 153 0xc9 201
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188 <SF9> <S-F9> 0x9a 154 0xca 202
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189 <SF10> <S-F10> 0x9b 155 0xcb 203
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190
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191 <HELP> <Help> 0x9c 156 0xcc 204
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192 <UNDO> <Undo> 0x9d 157 0xcd 205
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193
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194 (not used) 0x9e 158 0xce 206
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195 (not used) 0x9f 159 0xcf 207
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196
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197
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198 Terminal options changed *termcap-changed*
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199 ------------------------
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200
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201 The names of the terminal options have been changed to match the termcap names
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202 of these options. All terminal options now have the name t_xx, where xx is
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203 the termcap name. Normally these options are not used, unless you have a
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204 termcap entry that is wrong or incomplete, or you have set the highlight
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205 options to a different value. |terminal-options|
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206
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207 Note that for some keys there is no termcap name. Use the <> type of name
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208 instead, which is a good idea anyway.
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209
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210 Note that "t_ti" has become "t_mr" (invert/reverse output) and "t_ts" has
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211 become "t_ti" (init terminal mode). Be careful when you use "t_ti"!
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212
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213 old name new name meaning ~
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214 t_cdl t_DL delete number of lines *t_cdl*
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215 t_ci t_vi cursor invisible *t_ci*
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216 t_cil t_AL insert number of lines *t_cil*
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217 t_cm t_cm move cursor
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218 t_cri t_RI cursor number of chars right *t_cri*
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219 t_cv t_ve cursor visible *t_cv*
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220 t_cvv t_vs cursor very visible *t_cvv*
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221 t_dl t_dl delete line
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222 t_cs t_cs scroll region
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223 t_ed t_cl clear display *t_ed*
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224 t_el t_ce clear line *t_el*
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225 t_il t_al insert line *t_il*
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226 t_da display may be retained above the screen
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227 t_db display may be retained below the screen
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228 t_ke t_ke put terminal out of keypad transmit mode
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229 t_ks t_ks put terminal in keypad transmit mode
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230 t_ms t_ms save to move cursor in highlight mode
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231 t_se t_se normal mode (undo t_so)
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232 t_so t_so shift out (standout) mode
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233 t_ti t_mr reverse highlight
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234 t_tb t_md bold mode *t_tb*
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235 t_tp t_me highlight end *t_tp*
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236 t_sr t_sr scroll reverse
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237 t_te t_te out of termcap mode
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238 t_ts t_ti into termcap mode *t_ts_old*
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239 t_vb t_vb visual bell
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240 t_csc t_CS cursor is relative to scroll region *t_csc*
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241
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242 t_ku t_ku <Up> arrow up
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243 t_kd t_kd <Down> arrow down
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244 t_kr t_kr <Right> arrow right
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245 t_kl t_kl <Left> arrow left
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246 t_sku <S-Up> shifted arrow up *t_sku*
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247 t_skd <S-Down> shifted arrow down *t_skd*
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248 t_skr t_%i <S-Right> shifted arrow right *t_skr*
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249 t_skl t_#4 <S-Left> shifted arrow left *t_skl*
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250 t_f1 t_k1 <F1> function key 1 *t_f1*
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251 t_f2 t_k2 <F2> function key 2 *t_f2*
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252 t_f3 t_k3 <F3> function key 3 *t_f3*
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253 t_f4 t_k4 <F4> function key 4 *t_f4*
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254 t_f5 t_k5 <F5> function key 5 *t_f5*
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255 t_f6 t_k6 <F6> function key 6 *t_f6*
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256 t_f7 t_k7 <F7> function key 7 *t_f7*
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257 t_f8 t_k8 <F8> function key 8 *t_f8*
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258 t_f9 t_k9 <F9> function key 9 *t_f9*
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259 t_f10 t_k; <F10> function key 10 *t_f10*
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260 t_sf1 <S-F1> shifted function key 1 *t_sf1*
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261 t_sf2 <S-F2> shifted function key 2 *t_sf2*
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262 t_sf3 <S-F3> shifted function key 3 *t_sf3*
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263 t_sf4 <S-F4> shifted function key 4 *t_sf4*
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264 t_sf5 <S-F5> shifted function key 5 *t_sf5*
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265 t_sf6 <S-F6> shifted function key 6 *t_sf6*
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266 t_sf7 <S-F7> shifted function key 7 *t_sf7*
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267 t_sf8 <S-F8> shifted function key 8 *t_sf8*
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268 t_sf9 <S-F9> shifted function key 9 *t_sf9*
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269 t_sf10 <S-F10> shifted function key 10 *t_sf10*
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270 t_help t_%1 <Help> help key *t_help*
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271 t_undo t_&8 <Undo> undo key *t_undo*
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272
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273
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274 'errorformat' option changed *errorformat-changed*
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275 ----------------------------
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276
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277 'errorformat' can now contain several formats, separated by commas. The first
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278 format that matches is used. The default values have been adjusted to catch
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279 the most common formats. |errorformat|
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280
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281 If you have a format that contains a comma, it needs to be preceded with a
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282 backslash. Type two backslashes, because the ":set" command will eat one.
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283
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284
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285 'graphic' option gone *graphic-option-gone*
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286 ---------------------
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287
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288 The 'graphic' option was used to make the characters between <~> and 0xa0
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289 display directly on the screen. Now the 'isprint' option takes care of this
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290 with many more possibilities. The default setting is the same; you only need
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291 to look into this if you previously set the 'graphic' option in your vimrc.
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292 |'isprint'|
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293
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294
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295 'yankendofline' option gone *ye-option-gone*
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296 ---------------------------
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297
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298 The 'yankendofline' option has been removed. Instead you can just use
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299 :map Y y$
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300
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301
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302 'icon' and 'title' default value changed *icon-changed*
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303 ----------------------------------------
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304
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305 The 'title' option is now only set by default if the original title can be
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306 restored. Avoids "Thanks for flying Vim" titles. If you want them anyway,
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307 put ":set title" in your vimrc. |'title'|
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308
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309 The default for 'icon' now depends on the possibility of restoring the
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310 original value, just like 'title'. If you don't like your icon titles to be
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311 changed, add this line to your vimrc: |'icon'|
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312 :set noicon
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313
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314
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315 'highlight' option changed *highlight-changed*
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316 --------------------------
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317
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318 The 'i' flag now means italic highlighting, instead of invert. The 'r' flag
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319 is used for reverse highlighting, which is what 'i' used to be. Normally you
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320 won't see the difference, because italic mode is not supported on most
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321 terminals and reverse mode is used as a fallback. |'highlight'|
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322
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323 When an occasion is not present in 'highlight', use the mode from the default
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324 value for 'highlight', instead of reverse mode.
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325
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326
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327 'tildeop' and 'weirdinvert' short names changed *short-name-changed*
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328 -----------------------------------------------
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329
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330 Renamed 'to' (abbreviation for 'tildeop') to 'top'. |'tildeop'|
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331 Renamed 'wi' (abbreviation for 'weirdinvert') to 'wiv'. |'weirdinvert'|
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332
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333 This was done because Vi uses 'wi' as the short name for 'window' and 'to' as
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334 the short name for 'timeout'. This means that if you try setting these
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335 options, you won't get an error message, but the effect will be different.
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336
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337
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338 Use of "v", "V" and "CTRL-V" in Visual mode *use-visual-cmds*
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339 -------------------------------------------
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340
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341 In Visual mode, "v", "V", and "CTRL-V" used to end Visual mode. Now this
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342 happens only if the Visual mode was in the corresponding type. Otherwise the
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343 type of Visual mode is changed. Now only ESC can be used in all circumstances
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344 to end Visual mode without doing anything. |v_V|
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345
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346
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347 CTRL-B in Insert mode removed *toggle-revins*
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348 -----------------------------
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349
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350 CTRL-B in Insert mode used to toggle the 'revins' option. If you don't know
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351 this and accidentally hit CTRL-B, it is very difficult to find out how to undo
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352 it. Since hardly anybody uses this feature, it is disabled by default. If
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353 you want to use it, define RIGHTLEFT in feature.h before compiling. |'revins'|
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354
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14519
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355 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl:
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